JP2009123520A - Solid electrolyte fuel cell - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve a problem that a conventional solid electrolyte fuel cell is not necessarily enough to average a cell temperature. <P>SOLUTION: A fuel cell unit U is structured by joining a cell plate 2 which holds a unit cell 1 and an outer circumferential edge part of a separator plate 3. The solid electrolyte full cell forms a stack structure S by stacking the fuel cell units U. The solid electrolyte fuel cell includes a main passage A provided along a stacking direction of the fuel cell units U in the stack structure S, and respective branch passages B passing into the respective fuel cell units U by branching from the main passage A as gas passages, and the branch passages B are shifted from each other between the adjacent fuel cell units U. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

    The present invention relates to an improvement in a solid oxide fuel cell including a stack structure formed by stacking a plurality of fuel cell units.

Conventionally, as a solid oxide fuel cell, an interconnector is disposed on both sides of a flat plate cell, and a flow path of fuel gas and oxidant gas is formed on both sides of the cell, which is used as a stack, and this stack is stacked. In addition, there is a technique in which the temperature difference between the cells is reduced by changing the flow directions of the fuel gas and the oxidant gas for each stack to average the cell temperatures (see Patent Document 1).
JP-A-6-275306

  However, in the conventional solid oxide fuel cell as described above, in order to change the flow direction of the fuel gas and the oxidant gas for each stack, it is necessary to arrange the gas inlet and outlet differently for each stack. The number of pipes serving as gas flow paths to the outside tends to increase or the pipes become complicated. For this reason, the flow direction of each gas has to be approximately two directions, and the gas flow direction must be alternately changed for each stack.

  Therefore, the conventional solid oxide fuel cell is not necessarily sufficient for averaging the cell temperature, and further improvement has been demanded in order to realize the averaging of the cell temperature and the temperature of the entire fuel cell.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional situation, and is a solid oxide fuel cell including a stack structure formed by stacking fuel cell units, and has a simple gas flow path structure. Another object of the present invention is to provide a solid oxide fuel cell capable of realizing further uniform temperature of the stack structure.

  In the solid oxide fuel cell of the present invention, a fuel cell unit is formed by joining the outer peripheral portions of a cell plate holding a single cell and a separator plate facing the cell plate, and a plurality of fuel cell units are stacked. Constructs a stack structure.

  The solid oxide fuel cell is provided along the stacking direction of the fuel cell units in the stack structure as a gas flow path for flowing one of the fuel gas and the oxidant gas to each fuel cell unit. The main flow channel and the respective branch flow channels branched from the main flow channel and leading to the individual fuel cell units, and the configuration is such that the mutual flow channels are shifted between adjacent fuel cell units, The configuration is a means for solving the conventional problems.

  The solid oxide fuel cell of the present invention has a simple gas flow path structure and can set the gas flow in each fuel cell unit in multiple directions, thereby reducing the temperature difference between the fuel cell units. As a result, the temperature of the stack structure can be further uniformized.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the solid oxide fuel cell of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
The solid oxide fuel cell shown in FIG. 1A is a fuel cell unit U formed by joining a cell plate 2 holding a single cell 1 and outer peripheries of a separator plate 3 facing the cell plate 2. A stack structure S is formed by stacking a plurality of the fuel cell units U. The stack structure S is accommodated in a case (not shown), which is the main part of the fuel cell system.

  The single cell 1 is a so-called power generation element, and has a structure in which a solid electrolyte layer is sandwiched between a fuel electrode and an air electrode. The cell plate 2 and the separator plate 3 are made of metal, and for example, it is desirable to use a material having a thermal expansion coefficient matched to that of the single cell 1, and each other is joined by a joining means such as welding, brazing or ultrasonic joining. The outer peripheral edges are joined together. At this time, the separator plate 3 faces the fuel electrode side of the single cell 1, and forms a fuel gas circulation space between the single cell 1 and the cell plate 2. A non-woven fabric or porous current collector (not shown) is provided inside the fuel cell unit U or between the units U, and electric power is taken out through the current collector.

  As an example, the material of the electrolyte layer of the single cell 1 is 10 mol% yttria stabilized zirconia. The material of the fuel electrode is nickel + yttria stabilized zirconia cermet. The material of the air electrode is lanthanum strontium manganite. The material of the cell plate 2 and the separator plate 3 is SUS430. Further, the fuel cell units U are glass-bonded.

  The fuel cell unit U introduces a fuel gas containing hydrogen therein and supplies it to the fuel electrode of the single cell 1, and introduces an oxidant gas (air) into the case to introduce the air electrode of the single cell 1. To generate electric energy by an electrochemical reaction in the single cell 1.

  The fuel cell unit U has a disk shape, and includes a flat cylindrical channel component 4 for forming a gas channel through which fuel gas flows in the center.

  As shown in FIG. 1 (b), the flow path component 4 is a gas flow path that has a through hole 10P concentrically arranged at the center of the fuel cell unit U, and a branch from the through hole 10P in the radial direction of the fuel cell unit U. Thus, an introduction branch channel 10B communicating with the fuel cell unit U is provided. In the flow path component 4, the through holes 10 </ b> P communicate with each other in a state where the fuel cell units U are stacked to form an introduction main flow path 10 </ b> A along the stacking direction of the fuel cell units U in the stack structure S.

  Further, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1C, the gas flow path branches from an annular discharge main flow path 20A concentrically arranged on the outer peripheral portion of the fuel cell unit U and the discharge main flow path 20A. And a discharge branch channel 20B communicating with the fuel cell unit U. The discharge main flow path 20A is formed by a flow path forming casing, for example. This casing has an opening at an appropriate position so as not to disturb the flow of the oxidant gas to the air electrode of each fuel cell unit U. The introduction main flow path 10A and the discharge main flow path 20A allow fuel gas to flow between the outside of the case.

  In the solid oxide fuel cell, the adjacent branch flow paths, that is, the introduction branch path 10B and the discharge branch path 20B are shifted from each other between the adjacent fuel cell units U. The arrangement is shifted around the central axis of S.

  More specifically, in the introduction branch flow path 10B and the discharge branch flow path 20B of this embodiment, the fuel gas introduction direction and the discharge direction are opposite to each other as shown by arrows in FIG. Is in a positional relationship. As shown in the upper, middle, and lower fuel cell units U from the left side in FIG. 1 (c), the branch channels 10B and 20B are sequentially shifted by 45 degrees in the same direction around the central axis. . Although three fuel cell units U are illustrated here, in practice, a large number of fuel cell units U are stacked, and the branch flow paths 10B and 20B are shifted between adjacent fuel cell units U.

  The solid oxide fuel cell having the above-described structure has a simple gas flow path structure and further reduces the temperature difference between the fuel cell units U, thereby further uniforming the temperature of the stack structure S. Can be realized.

  That is, in this type of fuel cell, in the fuel cell unit U, the introduced fuel gas is discharged after flowing through almost the entire area of the unit. In the vicinity of the portion, the gas concentration is low, and water vapor is generated by power generation, so the calorific value is small.

  For this reason, when the fuel gas introduction part and the discharge part of the stacked fuel cell units U are in the same position (same phase), as schematically shown in FIG. H overlaps in the stacking direction, and the temperature distribution of the fuel cell unit U and the stack structure S is biased. As a result, distortion or cracking of each component may occur due to a local temperature difference, or deformation or oxidation of each component may occur at a local high temperature.

  Further, if the local low temperature region C exists in the fuel cell unit U, the fuel cell units U are connected in parallel, so that the output of a single unit is deceived by the output value generated from the low temperature region C.

  In contrast, in the fuel cell, the fuel gas introduction and discharge branch passages 10B and 20B are shifted around the central axis. Therefore, as schematically shown in FIG. The high temperature region H of the unit U does not overlap in the stacking direction, and heat exchange is performed between the adjacent fuel cell units U with the high temperature region H and the low temperature region C overlapping. Thereby, the temperature distribution of the fuel cell unit U and the stack structure S becomes uniform, and distortion, cracking, deformation, oxidation, and the like of each component can be prevented.

  Further, since the local low temperature region C is eliminated in the fuel cell, the output of the single unit is improved, and as a result, the output of the entire stack structure S in which the fuel cell units U are connected in series can also be realized. .

  In addition, in the fuel cell, the gas flow path for introducing the fuel gas is composed of the main flow path 10A and the branch flow path 10B concentrically arranged at the center of the fuel cell unit U, and the exhaust gas flow path is Since the main flow path 20A and the branch flow path 20B are arranged concentrically on the outer periphery of the fuel cell unit U, the main flow paths 10A and 20A can be arranged even when the branch flow paths 10B and 20B are shifted around the central axis. The position does not change at all.

  That is, the fuel cell units U having the same configuration can be used, and by stacking them by shifting them around the central axis, the stack structure S having a desired gas flow path can be easily configured. it can. Therefore, the fuel cell is advantageous in terms of manufacturing cost, and allows the gas flow in each fuel cell unit U to be set in multiple directions despite the simple structure of the gas flow path. Thus, the temperature of the battery unit U and the stack structure S is further uniformed.

  Further, since the fuel cell uses the disk-type fuel cell unit U, a local stress load portion due to thermal expansion is hardly generated, and even if the fuel cell is stacked while being shifted around the central axis, FIG. As shown in the plan view in FIG. 5), the appearance of the stack structure S is not changed, which is advantageous for space saving. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3B, when the rectangular fuel cell unit Ux is used, if the stack is shifted around the central axis, the volume of the stack structure Sx becomes large and space-saving is achieved. It is disadvantageous for conversion.

  Here, the fuel cell unit U can select the shape and the number of the single cells 1, and the arrangement of the gas flow paths varies depending on the form.

  For example, the flow path component 14 shown in FIG. 4A is provided in the center of the disk-type fuel cell unit U. The flow path component 14 has a central through hole Pc that forms the main flow path A in a stacked state at the center, and four side through holes Ps that also form the main flow path A around the central part at intervals of 90 degrees. Have. As shown in FIG. 4B, the side through hole Ps has an inner edge and an outer edge that are arcs corresponding to a predetermined angle θ around the central axis.

  Further, the flow path component 14 includes a plurality of branch flow paths B extending from the central through hole Pc to the outer peripheral side of the component, that is, the inside of the fuel cell unit, and a plurality of branch paths B extending from the side through hole Ps to the inside of the fuel cell unit. The branch flow path B is provided. Such a flow path component 14 uses, for example, the main flow path A formed by the central through hole Pc for introduction, and the main flow path A formed by the side through hole Ps for discharge, or for introduction and discharge. Or reverse the relationship. Further, any of the main flow paths A formed by the side through holes Ps may be used for introduction, and the rest may be used for discharge.

  Further, when the flow path component 14 having the side through hole Ps is used, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, one branch flow path B with respect to the main flow path A formed by the side through hole Ps. At least two types of fuel cell units having different positions can be used. In this case, the stack structure S is formed by stacking different types of fuel cell units U adjacent to each other.

  Thereby, as shown in FIG. 5 (b) in particular, in the adjacent fuel cell units, the main flow path A is located at the same position, and the introduction or discharge branch flow path B is shifted around the central axis. A uniform temperature difference between the fuel cell units is realized with a small number of parts, and thus a uniform temperature distribution in the stack structure S is realized.

  The fuel cell unit U shown in FIG. 6 has a disk shape, and has a main flow path A and a branch flow path (not shown) of the gas flow path arranged at the center, and the shape and number of the single cells 1 are the same. Is different. That is, the single cell 1 has a ring shape as shown in FIG. 6A, a plurality of unit cells arranged on the circumference as shown in FIGS. 6B and 6D, and FIG. As shown in FIG. 6 (c), a plurality of circles are arranged on the circumference, and as shown in FIG. 6 (e), the circular cell of FIG. It can be divided, etc., and other forms are naturally possible.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 6 (b) to 6 (e), in the case where a plurality of single cells 1 are provided, a rectifying rib R is disposed between the single cells 1 to thereby provide the inside of the fuel cell unit U. The fuel gas is distributed throughout the entire area.

  The fuel cell unit U shown in FIG. 7 has a disk shape, and has a main flow path A and a branch flow path (not shown) of the gas flow path arranged on the outer peripheral portion. Is different. That is, the single cell 1 has a circular shape as shown in FIG. 7 (a), a rectangular shape as shown in FIG. 6 (b), and a rectangular cell as shown in FIG. 6 (c). A plurality of such devices can be provided, and other forms are also possible.

  Further, the fuel cell unit U shown in FIG. 7 has long-hole-shaped outer peripheral portion through holes Po that are long in the circumferential direction at two positions different from each other by 180 degrees on the outer peripheral portion, and the outer peripheral portion through holes Po in a stacked state. To form the main flow path A.

  By the way, as described above with reference to FIG. 5, when the flow path component 14 as shown in FIG. 6 is used, the fuel cell unit U alternately stacks at least two types having different positions of the branch flow paths. By forming the stack structure S, a certain effect can be obtained.

  In addition, the fuel cell unit U has a main flow path A by a side through hole Ps at the center as shown in FIG. 6 and a main flow path A by an outer periphery through hole Po at the outer periphery as shown in FIG. Then, after the same number and positions of the respective branch flow paths are used to share parts, when the layers are stacked, the through holes Ps and Po are partially overlapped between adjacent units. By doing so, the arrangement can be made such that the mutual flow paths are shifted.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a case where the main flow path A by the central through hole Pc is used for introduction and the main flow path A by the side through hole Ps is used for discharge. As described above, the high temperature region H is generated near the introduction portion of the combustion gas. Therefore, by stacking the fuel cell units U so that the side through holes Ps are partially overlapped, the high temperature region H is shifted in the stacking direction, and heat exchange is performed between the fuel cell units U. As a result, the temperature distribution in the fuel cell unit U and the stack structure S is made uniform.

  Moreover, FIG. 9 is a figure which shows the case where one side of the main flow path A by outer peripheral part through-hole Po is used for introduction, and the other is used for discharge | emission. In this case as well, a high temperature region H is generated in the vicinity of the combustion gas introduction portion. Therefore, by stacking the fuel cell units U so that the outer peripheral portion through holes Po are partially overlapped, the high temperature region H is shifted in the stacking direction, and heat exchange is performed between the fuel cell units U. As a result, the temperature distribution in the fuel cell unit U and the stack structure S is made uniform.

  As shown in FIG. 8, in the fuel cell unit U in which the main flow path A and the branch flow path of the gas flow path are arranged at the center, the units after stacking can be fastened only at the center. Thereby, in each fuel cell unit U, internal stress generated by thermal expansion when the temperature is variable can be made free at the outer peripheral portion, and deformation and misalignment can be prevented. In addition, by having a high heat capacity body as a center, it is possible to increase the internal heat retention capability and reduce the heat radiation amount.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 9, in the fuel cell unit U in which the main flow path A and the branch flow path of the gas flow path are arranged on the outer peripheral part, the gas flow path is simple and the structure of the central part is simpler. Can be.

  FIG. 10 is a view showing the relationship between the through holes P and the main flow paths A of the fuel cell units U in the stack structure S and the branch flow paths B.

  As described above with reference to FIG. 5, the stack structure S in FIG. 10A uses two types of fuel cell units U in which the position of the branch flow path B is different from the through hole P, and alternates these. And the position of the branch flow path B is shifted around the central axis.

  The stack structure S shown in FIG. 10B uses fuel cell units U in which the position of the branch flow path B is the same as that of the through-hole P, and is laminated so that the through-holes P are alternately displaced in a partially overlapping state. The position of the branch channel B is alternately shifted around the central axis.

  As described above with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9, the stack structure S in FIG. 10C uses the fuel cell unit U in which the position of the branch flow path B is the same as the through hole P. Are stacked so as to be sequentially shifted in one direction around the central axis in a partially overlapping state, and the position of the branch channel B is sequentially shifted in one direction around the central axis.

  In any stack structure S, the same operation and effect can be obtained. In particular, as shown in FIGS. 10B and 10C, the through holes P forming the main flow path A are partially overlapped. When the configuration is shifted, the outer surface Q of the fuel cell unit U exposed in the main flow path A is directly heated by the heated fuel gas, as shown in FIGS. As a result, the temperature increase rate of the fuel cell unit U can be increased and the startup time can be shortened, which is more suitable for a fuel cell for an electric vehicle.

  Further, when the through hole P forming the main flow path A is partially overlapped and shifted as described above, the substantial main flow path A has a deviation amount between the through holes P as shown in FIG. Inclined to correspond to. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 13, each through hole P may have an inner peripheral surface that is inclined corresponding to the amount of deviation between the through holes P adjacent in the stacking direction. Thereby, the through-hole P forms the main flow path A by making the inner surfaces of each other continuous. Thus, if the through holes P are inclined, there is an advantage that the seal portion 30 between the fuel cell units U can be secured to the maximum and the strength of the stack structure S can be increased.

  Further, when the through holes P forming the main flow path A are partially overlapped and shifted as described above, the displacement angle α between the through holes P in the central axis direction of the stack structure S or the through holes The inclination angle β of P can be varied. At this time, the shift angle α is an angle around the central axis of the stack structure S, for example, as shown in FIG. Further, the inclination angle β is an angle with respect to the central axis (vertical axis in the figure) of the stack structure S as shown in FIG.

  Then, in the case where the deviation angle α and the inclination angle β are made different as described above, a particularly effective configuration is shown in FIG. That is, the shift angle between the through holes P in the range of the one end portion and the other end portion in the central axis direction of the stack structure S is α1, and the shift angle between the through holes P in the center portion in the central axis direction of the stack structure S When α is α2, these shift angles have a relationship of α1> α2. As shown in FIG. 14, the shift amount of the through hole P is large in the range of one end (upper part) and the other end (lower part).

  In other words, the inclination angle of the through hole P in the range of one end portion and the other end portion in the central axis direction of the stack structure S is β1, and the inclination angle of the through hole P in the central portion in the central axis direction of the stack structure S These inclination angles are in a relationship of β1> β2, where β is β2.

  In this type of stack structure S, by adopting the various configurations described above, it is possible to achieve a uniform temperature distribution of each fuel cell unit U, but considering the overall heat generation situation more strictly, As shown in FIG. 15B, the temperature change in the central axis direction is such that one end and the other end are lower in temperature than the center due to heat dissipation.

  Therefore, as described above, the displacement angle of the through hole P is set to a relationship of α1> α2, or the inclination angle of the through hole P is set to a relationship of β1> β2, so that the inside of the through hole P in the range of the end portion The pressure loss is intentionally increased, and the amount of gas distributed to the fuel cell unit U at the end is increased. As a result, the amount of heat generated by power generation increases at the end portion, so that the temperature difference between the center portion and the end portion is reduced as shown in FIG. 15A, and the temperature distribution of the stack structure S is further uniformized. can do.

  The fuel cell unit U shown in FIG. 16 has a rectangular shape and has long through holes P and P along the long sides on both sides, and the through holes P and P communicate with each other in the stacked state. Thus, the main flow channel for introduction 10A and the main flow channel for discharge 20A are obtained. The illustrated fuel cell unit U has an introduction branch channel 10B and a discharge branch channel 20B at different positions. When the stacked stack structure is configured, the fuel cell unit U is adjacent in the stacking direction. The branch channel 10B and the discharge branch channel 20B are arranged so as to be shifted from each other.

  Also in the stack structure using the rectangular fuel cell unit U, the structure of the gas flow path is simple and the adjacent fuel cell units U are connected to each other as in the previous disk type. By performing heat exchange, the temperature difference between the fuel cell units U can be reduced, and further uniformization of the overall temperature can be realized.

  The solid oxide fuel cell of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the details of the configuration can be changed as appropriate without departing from the gist of the present invention.

  Further, in each of the above embodiments, the case where the fuel gas is supplied into the fuel cell unit is exemplified, but there may be a configuration in which the oxidant gas (air) is supplied into the fuel cell unit. At this time, when the fuel gas is supplied, a high temperature region H is generated in the vicinity of the gas introduction portion as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, but when the oxidant gas is supplied, due to the power generation reaction of the single cell 1. Since the oxidant gas is heated, a high temperature region is generated in the vicinity of the gas discharge portion. Even in such a case, it is possible to prevent the high temperature regions of the fuel cell units from overlapping each other in the stacking direction by shifting the branch flow path or shifting the branch flow path together with the main flow path. Actions and effects similar to those of the form can be obtained.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view for explaining an embodiment of a solid oxide fuel cell of the present invention. FIG. It is sectional drawing (a) explaining the temperature distribution of the fuel cell in one Embodiment of this invention, and sectional drawing (b) explaining the temperature distribution of the conventional fuel cell. FIG. 4 is a plan view (a) of a stack structure using a disk-type fuel cell unit and a plan view (b) of a stack structure using a rectangular fuel cell unit. It is the top view (a) explaining other embodiment of channel parts, and the top view (b) explaining a side part penetration hole. It is a top view (a) (b) of each principal part explaining the fuel cell unit which has a branch flow path in a different position with respect to the main flow path. It is a fuel cell unit which has a gas flow path in the center part, Comprising: It is each top view (a)-(e) explaining the example from which a single cell differs. It is a fuel cell unit which has a gas flow path in an outer peripheral part, Comprising: Each is a top view (a)-(c) explaining the example from which a single cell differs. FIG. 7 is an exploded explanatory view for explaining a gas flow and a high temperature region in the fuel cell unit shown in FIG. 6. FIG. 8 is an exploded explanatory view for explaining a gas flow and a high temperature region in the fuel cell unit shown in FIG. 7. It is each explanatory drawing (a) (b) which shows different arrangement | positioning of a main flow path and a branch flow path. It is sectional drawing explaining the structure which shifted the main flow path. It is sectional drawing explaining the flow of the gas in the main flow path shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing explaining the structure which inclined the inner surface of the through-hole. It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure which changed the deviation | shift angle of the through-hole. It is explanatory drawing (a) which shows the temperature distribution of the stack structure of the structure shown in FIG. 14, and explanatory drawing (b) which shows the temperature distribution of the stack structure where the deviation | shift angle of a through-hole is constant. It is an exploded explanatory view showing a stack structure using a rectangular fuel cell unit.

Explanation of symbols

1 single cell 2 cell plate 3 separator plate 10A introduction main channel 10B introduction branch channel 20A discharge main channel 20B discharge branch channel A main channel B branch channel P through hole Pc central through hole Ps side through hole Po outer peripheral part Through-hole S Stack structure U Fuel cell unit

Claims (10)

A solid oxide fuel comprising a fuel cell unit formed by joining a cell plate holding a single cell and the outer peripheral edges of a separator plate facing the cell plate, and forming a stack structure by stacking a plurality of fuel cell units A battery,
As a gas flow path for circulating one of the fuel gas and the oxidant gas to each fuel cell unit,
A main flow path provided along the stacking direction of the fuel cell units in the stack structure, and each branch flow path that branches from the main flow path and communicates with each fuel cell unit,
A solid oxide fuel cell, characterized in that a mutual flow path is shifted between adjacent fuel cell units.   The gas flow path includes a main flow path and a branch flow path for gas introduction, and a main flow path and a branch flow path for gas discharge, and a branch flow path for gas introduction and a branch flow path for gas discharge between adjacent fuel cell units. The solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein both are arranged in a shifted manner.   3. The solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein each fuel cell unit is a disk type, and a branch channel of each fuel cell unit is shifted around the central axis of the stack structure. .   4. The stack structure is formed by using at least two types of fuel cell units having different positions of the branch flow paths with respect to the main flow path and stacking different types of fuel cell units adjacent to each other. A solid oxide fuel cell according to 1.   Each fuel cell unit has a through hole that communicates with each other in a stacked state to form a main flow path, and by shifting the through hole between adjacent fuel cell units in a partially overlapping state 4. The solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 3, wherein the arrangement is made such that the branch channels are shifted from each other.   6. The through hole of each fuel cell unit is sequentially shifted in one direction around the central axis of the stack structure between one end and the other end in the central axis direction of the stack structure. The solid oxide fuel cell as described.   The through hole of each fuel cell unit has an inner surface that is inclined corresponding to the amount of deviation between the adjacent through holes in the stacking direction, and the main flow path is formed by connecting the inner surfaces to each other. The solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 6.   With respect to the angle around the central axis of the stack structure, the shift angle between the through holes in the range of one end and the other end in the central axis direction of the stack structure is α1, and the penetration in the central portion in the central axis direction of the stack structure 8. The solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 6, wherein when the deviation angle between the holes is α2, these deviation angles have a relationship of α1> α2.   The solid oxide fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the main flow channel and the branch flow channel of the gas flow channel are disposed in a central portion of the fuel cell unit.   The solid oxide fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a main flow channel and a branch flow channel of the gas flow channel are disposed on an outer peripheral portion of the fuel cell unit.

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