JP2009121234A - Eco-house - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To save energy as an environmental countermeasure, reduce influence on a heat island phenomenon caused by the generation of condensation heat associated with dehumidification and the emission of sensible heat while enhancing dehumidification, heat shielding and humidity conditioning functions in summer and furthermore to improve a heating effect in winter. <P>SOLUTION: Moisture absorbing/desorbing materials are used as a structural member, a heat insulating layer and an interior member constituting a house, and cooperative control (acceleration/suppression) of moisture absorption/desorption and the phase change of H<SB>2</SB>O through the complementary cooperation, combination and superposition of different moisture absorbing/desorbing materials is performed to utilize radiative cooling of ground heat, natural energy such as solar heat and midnight power for water content management, humidity control and energy transfer, thus attaining a comfortable living space. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  In order to disseminate high-performance houses in areas II, III, IV, and V, this invention is applied to natural energy such as geothermal and radiant cooling, in order to stop the contradiction of energy saving, comfortable indoor environment and environmental load. Uses late-night power as an energy source and absorbs solar heat poured by solar radiation in the summer, a: energy transfer or control associated with the linkage between moisture absorption and release and H2O phase change, or b: absorption and release of moisture and H2O Insulation panels that control energy transfer associated with phase change, or air conditioning methods and air conditioning equipment that use b: b or b, or buildings that use d: b, b, or c, or b: b In addition, the present invention relates to humidity control and heat insulation capable of suitably performing air conditioning load / dehumidification load management / moisture content management / environmental load management.

About social background.
After the Industrial Revolution, a social structure that relied on fossil energy has become established, which has allowed us to live a rich life. However, while activities are becoming more active at the social level today, the negative impact on the global environment is strongly conscious and countermeasures have been widely discussed. The direction is expressed in the Kyoto Protocol.
By the way, at the individual level, the energy consumed in houses accounts for a large proportion. Recently, indoor air conditioning by air conditioning in summer and winter is a natural era. Therefore, a device that can lead a comfortable life while practicing energy conservation was required, and social consensus was reached. As for the practice of energy saving, on the one hand, it is energy saving represented by the next generation type energy saving house, and on the other hand, the pursuit of energy saving by improving the energy consumption efficiency of devices such as air conditioners.
Under such circumstances, we pioneered a third way to practice energy conservation through the use of natural energy or surplus midnight power and the spread of high-performance housing while meeting the growing needs of consumers. It helps to address environmental issues such as climate change and global warming.

In cold districts, the amount of energy consumed for heating is generally large, which is a heavy burden on the household. Highly airtight and highly heat-insulated houses are spreading in recognition of their cost-effectiveness because they have a remarkable energy-saving effect required in winter in the developed cold regions and can provide a comfortable living environment.
However, in warm regions, the cost-effectiveness of energy saving is small, and it is rare that the outside temperature falls below freezing even in winter, and it is difficult to recognize the improvement effect as compared with the cold region in terms of the living environment. Furthermore, the decisive point is that summer heat insulation measures are still insufficient.
Generally, a synthetic resin-based heat insulating material with a small heat loss is used in a highly airtight and highly heat insulating house. In winter, its high thermal insulation performance is demonstrated, so it is the best material for thermal insulation for cold regions. Further, in order to prevent the occurrence of condensation, high airtightness is required in addition to heat insulation. In that respect as well, board-shaped synthetic resin insulation is the optimal material.
However, the situation is reversed in summer, and heat insulation materials used for walls and ceilings are exposed to heating for a long time due to solar radiation. The heat insulating material absorbs and stores heat to become high temperature, and radiant heat generated by the heat storage effect impedes maintaining a suitable room temperature.
Furthermore, although the amount of heat stored by the daytime heat insulation effect is radiated and cooled at night through the outer ventilation layer, the heat insulating material becomes a heat storage body due to its heat capacity, so it takes time to cool. Until cooling progresses, it becomes radiant heat into the room, which increases the cooling load in the room.
In view of the above circumstances, heat shield measures in summer are indispensable in warmer regions, and what has been implemented, though insufficient, has been examined.
One simple method is that “the heat reflection foil (aluminum foil) on the surface of the heat insulating material reflects solar heat, greatly reducing the heat conduction to the surface of the heat insulating material, and heating and storing the heat insulating material itself. Therefore, the amount of heat passing through from the outer periphery of the ceiling, walls, etc. to the living room is reduced, and as a result, the amount of energy required for cooling the living room can be reduced. ”JP 2003-328464 A (Patent Document 1)
Although there is an advantage that solar heat can be reflected and discarded efficiently in the form of sensible heat in the summer, on the contrary, the housing cannot store the solar heat acquired by solar radiation. It leads to heat loss that changed shape.
Secondly, a double ventilation layer is provided on the wall, and the inner ventilation layer is connected to the roof ventilation hole and the underfloor ventilation hole, and the space behind the ceiling and the inner ventilation via the roof ventilation layer, outer ventilation layer, and heat insulation layer. The solar heat leaking into the layer is discarded by ventilation. In addition, by opening and closing the communication path between the inner ventilation layer and the outside air, it becomes a means having performances that conflict with each other in summer and winter, and in summer, a means for suppressing the occurrence of condensation in the inner ventilation layer in the wall and in the underfloor space Become. (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-54519)

Japan's climate has four seasons and is characterized by a counter-climate in summer and winter. Summer is hot and humid. In winter, it is cold and humidity is low. Comfortable housing is required in the opposite climate. Moreover, reducing energy consumption as part of global warming countermeasures has become a major issue.
With the advent of the high-performance housing mentioned above, certain results have been achieved for energy-saving and comfortable housing in winter. However, energy conservation measures during cooling and dehumidification in summer are still not sufficient. In addition, the utilization of socially surplus midnight power has been put into practical use because various means are provided for heating in winter. However, no special means are provided for cooling and dehumidification in summer other than the ice storage system.
The ice storage system has not spread to houses. This is not practical in terms of cost-effectiveness, and the situation that a dehumidifying means is additionally required overlaps. Furthermore, it is difficult to apply the ice storage system to a winter heating system, and there is a problem that separate air conditioning facilities are required in summer and winter.
By the way, due to the widespread use of seasonal contracts by time of day, the late-night power usage fee is set to be extremely high for daytime use in the summer, and reaches five times as much as compared to midnight. Therefore, if it is possible to adjust the temperature and humidity in summer mainly by using late-night power according to the present invention, it will greatly contribute to the household budget.

Regarding humidity control, JP-A-8-193744 (Patent Document 2) and JP-A-8-285354 provide an indoor humidity control method using midnight power.
That is, “During the time when midnight power can be used, the dehumidifier operates at a set humidity of 50%. In the economic mode, the dehumidifier restarts when the set humidity reaches 90% in the daytime. In both cases, the dehumidifier operates when the indoor humidity reaches the set humidity of 70%. "
In the above-described method, in the economic mode, the use of electricity is avoided until the indoor humidity in the daytime reaches 90%, and the original purpose of using midnight power is achieved.か ら According to the description, there is no mention of whether or not the indoor humidity during the daytime can achieve a comfortable level of 70% or less. On the other hand, in the comfortable mode, it is easy to spend because the humidity is maintained at 70%. However, the dehumidifier is operated frequently regardless of day and night, and economically comfortable indoor humidity can be achieved by using midnight power. I can't. However, as long as it is judged from this description, it is possible to dehumidify the room at night by using late-night electricity and release moisture from the humidity control plate while maintaining the comfort of the room, but in the daytime, the moisture content is reduced due to the moisture release at night. Although the wet plate absorbs moisture from the room, the room humidity is kept in the range of more than 70% and 90% or less, although the humidity is adjusted indoors. Eventually, the daytime humidity cannot be kept below 70%, which is considered comfortable.
The reason for this is the understanding of the characteristics of moisture-absorbing / releasing material, the relationship between moisture-releasing and H2O phase change, and the concept of the ratio, and the understanding of the difference in the effects of the ratio, beyond the technical level. This is because, at the end of the day, we cannot come up with a means that exceeds the technical level. Specifically, the ratio of the linkage between moisture absorption / release and the phase change of H2O is limited by the characteristics of the moisture absorption / release material or whether or not it has an environment / means that can supply cold air to the moisture absorption / release material. The And it leads to the difference of the range (projected on relative humidity) which can recover the moisture absorption capacity of a moisture absorption / release material.
In the above document, the humidity control plate is “a hydraulic composition mixed with a hygroscopic filler such as zeolite into a plate shape, or an inorganic metal fiber added with an alkali metal salt compound and held in a plate. Examples of the material formed into a plate shape, or a material formed by filling a hydrophilic inorganic substance inside the pores of a hydrophobic synthetic resin into a plate shape ”are exemplified.
Examples of the humidity control plate include those having a high ratio of cooperation with liquefaction during moisture absorption. However, the moisture absorption / release characteristics of the humidity control plate are described only from the viewpoint of moisture absorption / release, and no description of liquefaction / vaporization associated with moisture absorption / release is found. Eventually, whether moisture is absorbed or released depends on the surrounding environment (temperature and humidity), but its action varies depending on the characteristics of the moisture absorbing and releasing material. In addition, from the viewpoint of energy transfer, liquefaction and vaporization associated with moisture absorption and desorption are, in other words, what kind of problems are concerned with the effect of liquefaction and vaporization energy transfer on the mode of moisture absorption and release (deviation during moisture absorption and desorption) I haven't come to the idea that there is. Therefore, when using the moisture absorbing / releasing material, the selection considering the energy transfer of liquefaction / vaporization has not been made.
Specifically, in the II and III regions, including the Tohoku region, the temperature rises in the daytime, which is the same as in the temperate zone, but at night, the temperature drops significantly due to the effect of radiative cooling. The difference in the outside temperature between day and night is so large that it can exceed 10 degrees. Cold air is supplied to the humidity control plate due to a significant decrease in the outside air temperature at night, resulting in liquefaction of cooling and moisture absorption. When liquefaction occurs, the function of absorbing and releasing moisture according to the change in relative humidity does not work. In the previous example, even if the dehumidifier is operated with the humidity set to 50% at night, it is speculated from the humidity control plate. The streets are not released, the moisture content cannot be reduced as expected, and the moisture absorption capacity cannot be recovered. As a result, there is no significant moisture absorption capacity in the daytime, and the indoor humidity cannot be kept below 70%.
Simply select the humidity control plate that does not retain liquefaction / vaporization as an action characteristic if you want to maximize the effect of humidity control associated with moisture absorption / release without taking into account the phase change of liquefaction / vaporization. Must be used. Although it is a matter of technical level, it is not well understood.

Furthermore, if a new problem is pointed out, in general, when the inner wall material separating the inside and outside is used as a moisture absorbing / releasing material, and a dehumidifying device is installed in the indoor space to adjust the humidity of the indoor space, the moisture absorbing / releasing moisture is related to the relative humidity. Therefore, the direction of moisture absorption / release is determined within the range of moisture content, equilibrium moisture content, and relative humidity, so the orientation cannot be controlled sufficiently. However, the reversal of moisture absorption and release, which means that the moisture is released indoors, causes the dehumidifier to operate excessively and not only consumes excess energy, but also leads to generation and discharge of unnecessary condensation heat. As a method for avoiding this, an airtight heat insulating layer is formed in a two-layer structure, a heat insulating material having moisture absorbing / releasing properties is used on the indoor side, and a heat insulating material having no moisture absorbing / releasing properties is used on the outdoor side. Therefore, the intrusion of moisture from the outside due to moisture absorption / release is prevented, and an extra burden is not imposed on the dehumidifier. Moreover, depending on the device, it can evolve into an efficient dehumidification system that uses midnight power. In the past, as a technical level, the relationship between the relative humidity inside and outside, and the relationship between the relative humidity and the equilibrium moisture content, does not leave the area that captures the direction of moisture absorption and desorption. As long as that is the case, it is difficult to evolve into a system that can realize both the dehumidifying effect and the heat shielding effect while controlling the direction of moisture absorption and release. In other words, it is an object to control the direction of energy transfer and control the direction of moisture absorption and desorption and moisture conduction (permeation) while reducing (suppressing) the influence of the difference in relative humidity between indoor and outdoor. As a result, it is impossible to conceive and present a means for solving the problem. Reduction can be considered by delaying the conduction of moisture or shifting the relationship between the moisture content of moisture absorption or moisture release within a certain limit. Suppression of moisture conductivity is contradictory to promotion, and it is necessary to be able to control what is contradictory in the heat insulation layer to be accelerated or suppressed depending on the situation.
More specifically, the direction of moisture absorption / release is determined by the moisture absorption / release material as a boundary depending on the relative humidity level inside and outside the room. In other words, if the relative humidity on the outdoor side is higher than the relative humidity on the indoor side, the moisture-absorbing / releasing material works in the direction of absorbing moisture from the outside and releasing it indoors according to the equilibrium moisture content. Is regulated. Therefore, it is possible to absorb moisture from the indoor side where the relative humidity is low and permeate the moisture absorbing / releasing material to release moisture outdoors, or to stop the moisture flow from outdoors to indoors by stopping moisture release to the inside. I ca n’t imagine. This is the state of the art.限 り As long as it stays at this technical level, it is inevitable that moisture from the outdoor side will intrude into the indoor side where the relative humidity has been artificially reduced, and the loss of energy will be lost by artificially dehumidifying the intruded moisture. And there is no end to wasted heat generation.
Therefore, in order to avoid loss, promotion (control) of the direction of moisture absorption from the indoor side where the relative humidity is low to the hygroscopic material and the moisture is released to the outdoor side where the relative humidity is high, or the outdoor side where the relative humidity is high It is important to conceive as a new issue the delay in moisture conduction from the low to the indoor side. It is necessary to devise and present a means for solving such a new problem and solving the problem. From the technical level, it is neither a trivial task nor a problem that can be easily conceived.
The breakthrough can be found by utilizing energy transfer accompanied by phase change of liquefaction and vaporization, but liquefaction has been hated historically and culturally as dew condensation, and it is long thought to use dew condensation as an action. There is an obvious reason for not. In other words, common technical knowledge about the harmful effects of condensation has prevented the use of liquefaction = condensation as an action. (Inverse logic)
In any case, it is necessary to grasp moisture absorption and desorption appropriately from the viewpoint of the phase change between liquefaction and vaporization, and to devise appropriate selection of moisture absorption and desorption materials according to the purpose and the effects and influences of the selection. It is done.

By the way, although it is not a highly airtight and highly heat-insulated house, Patent No. 2585458 (patent No. 2585458) is a means for discharging moisture and hot air staying indoors to prevent condensation by using a moisture absorbing / releasing material for the heat insulating material. Provided in reference 3).
According to claim 1, “a moisture permeable heat insulating layer comprising a combination of a heat insulating layer and a moisture permeable waterproof / windproof layer that allows moisture in the wall to pass through the wall of the building is provided. As it is described in `` ... and exhausting moisture and hot air, ... and exhausting air from the ventilator under the floor, ... '' The effect can be expected for exhausting hot air that tends to stay indoors. However, moisture is continuously supplied from the outside through the underfloor ventilation port, and since the airtightness performance is not necessarily high, moisture enters from anywhere. Therefore, although the effect of exhausting moisture that tends to stay indoors to the outside through the moisture-permeable heat insulating layer by the flow of wind can be expected, it does not show the effect of improving the indoor environment with respect to humidity. In addition, as mentioned above, there is also the effect of radiative cooling during the summer nights, and the air with high relative humidity and heaviness descends from the back of the hut through the walls and under the floor, resulting in the backflow of moisture. For those who want a comfortable indoor temperature and humidity environment, humidity is not enough, and they must rely on the dehumidifying function of air conditioners and other equipment. At that time, in addition to the part where airtightness is not ensured, moisture intrusion (back flow) from the outside through the moisture-permeable heat insulation layer further increases, resulting in energy loss and condensing due to dehumidification. It leads to increase of heat generation and promotes heat island formation. Therefore, the advantage of providing a moisture-permeable heat insulating layer cannot be found. Or if it is premised on not relying on equipment such as an air conditioner, the temperature and humidity environment where it can be realized is forced to endure a great deal of patience even for nature-oriented people.
In addition, when using a heat insulating material having moisture absorption / release properties, the influence of the walls of east, west, north, south, and north varies greatly depending on whether solar thermal energy can be directly acquired by solar radiation. If solar radiation can be obtained, moisture release can be promoted, and the moisture content of the heat insulating material can be reduced. If solar radiation cannot be acquired, moisture absorption will be promoted by attracting moisture, and the moisture content will remain high. In the end, it is not possible to manage the water content appropriately and achieve a high level of health of the body and the realization of a comfortable living environment.
Furthermore, in discharging hot air, no phase change is mediated by the moisture-permeable heat insulating layer, and no function of confining in the form of latent heat of moisture is seen. That is, hot air is only discharged through the ventilation layer in the form of sensible heat. This leads to the fact that the cooling energy supply means necessary for achieving latent heat is not recognized as a component.
In addition, the discharge of moisture staying in the wall through the moisture absorbing / releasing heat insulating material is important because it answers the problem of preventing the occurrence of condensation in the wall. However, moisture is a target that should be removed to prevent condensation. However, the energy contained in the moisture is used to realize energy transfer from the interior in cooperation with the phase change of H2O mediated by the heat insulating material. However, it has not been conceived until the solar heat energy is made latent heat or the humidity flow direction is controlled.

In Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 63-58103 (Patent Document 4), an indoor dehumidification method is provided.
“Because the interior material provided on at least one of the ceiling and wall of the building is made air permeable and moisture absorbing / releasing material is provided on the exterior surface of this interior material, air containing moisture in the room passes through the interior material. Moisture is absorbed by the moisture absorption / release material, and a ventilation path forming material is provided that forms a ventilation path that allows wind to come into contact with the moisture absorption / release material. In this way, moisture contained in the air in the room can be taken out of the room, so that the room can always be kept in a low humidity state, and condensation occurs on the interior surface of the interior material. Can also be prevented. "
The main point is that moisture in the indoor space is absorbed by the moisture absorption / release material, released to the ventilation path outside the room, moisture inside the room is removed, and the humidity is kept low while preventing condensation. It is. This is the same problem / effect as the content of the literature in the previous section. Furthermore, with regard to the use of energy transfer, the energy contained in the moisture is used to mediate H
It has not been anticipated or expected to realize energy transfer under the cooperation of 2O phase change and to make solar heat energy latent heat. In other words, moisture in the air permeates through the moisture absorption / release material as moisture, and is only released as moisture, and uses heat transfer during phase change to create heat transfer that is contrary to heat insulation, from indoors. It is not possible to achieve the effect of dehumidification and heat insulation by connecting the cooling energy supply to the absorption of solar thermal energy. It is due to (technical level) that it is trying to understand the mode of absorbing / moving / releasing H2O of moisture absorbing / releasing material without strictly distinguishing gaseous H2O / liquid H2O. It shows the limit of Therefore, it is not conceived as a problem to create heat transfer properties contrary to the heat insulation properties and to control (promote / suppress) the creation of heat transfer properties.
By the way, both of the former are unaware and easy to absorb cool air, and the moisture absorption and desorption rate is superior to moisture desorption. Therefore, the ratio of cooperation between moisture absorption and desorption and H2O phase change is considered. Absent. Therefore, “the moisture content of the insulation on the north surface remains high”, where solar heat cannot be obtained by direct irradiation. Further, when the humidity in the living room is lowered by using the dehumidifying function of the air conditioner, the normal moisture passes through the moisture absorbing / releasing material from the outside of the living room and flows back into the living room. However, no breakthroughs have been proposed for either. In other words, it is not conceived as an issue and has not been raised. Furthermore, “condensation” is strongly recognized as something that should be avoided, as it is a problem to remove moisture and prevent condensation using the moisture absorption and desorption properties of moisture absorbing and releasing materials.
Now, it is important to ensure ventilation through the interior side of the interior material so that moisture can be absorbed from the room, permeated through the interior material and exhausted to the outdoor side.現 実 Real buildings are composed of many elements. As a result of the increase in relative humidity in the ventilation path and underfloor space due to various factors such as radiant cooling at night and geothermal heat, moisture intrusion into the room from the underfloor and ventilation path ( (Backflow) and an increase in the dehumidifying load during the operation of the dehumidifying device, or the occurrence of dew condensation in the underfloor space due to air retention. To come up with the challenge of controlling the direction of moisture conduction and the formation of heterogeneous moisture discharge paths that can utilize solar thermal energy to comprehensively solve new problems arising from natural energy such as geothermal and radiative cooling Not reached. In the end, it is difficult to come up with a new problem that arises unless the idea is to use condensation = liquefaction as an action. Furthermore, it is difficult to come up with means for solving the problem.
By the way, since the provided dehumidifying method is intended to absorb moisture in the moisture absorbing / releasing material in order to avoid condensation caused by a saturated state of humidity in the room, it is assumed that the relative humidity in the room is high. Specifically, the outdoor relative humidity in summer exceeds approximately 80%. However, in order to move H2O from the indoor side to the outdoor side due to the high and low moisture content in the moisture absorbing / releasing material, the indoor relative humidity is 80%. Nearly 100%. There is room for H2O movement due to high indoor relative humidity. In other words, when the relative humidity in the room is not high, it is not assumed and expected to absorb moisture from the room. In other words, it indicates that it is not assumed or expected to keep the indoor humidity at 70% or less, which is a standard for comfort, using the moisture absorption capacity of the moisture absorbing / releasing material. Is.
Relative humidity outdoors in summer generally exceeds 80%. In such an environment, the moisture level of the moisture absorbent material is generally comfortable according to the technical level of moisture absorption or moisture release based on the difference between the equilibrium moisture content corresponding to the relative humidity and the moisture content of the moisture absorbent material. It is a natural consequence of not expecting the ability to keep below 70%, which is a guideline for.
Furthermore, in relation to the reverse flow of moisture from the outdoor to the indoor presented above, the problem is to absorb moisture from the house (room) with a low relative humidity and release the moisture to the outdoor with a high relative humidity. Is not conceived and is not expected.
At first glance, although the invention of the present application and the invention-specific matters are similar in terms of configuration, the invention of the present application is significantly different from the above technique in terms of problems, and is not obvious from the technical level. It has a new problem that cannot be easily conceived. Furthermore, it has a remarkable effect exceeding the range predicted from the technical level. In addition, new functions and effects can be obtained by utilizing condensation = liquefaction, which has been avoided in the historical background. (Inverse logic) The problem and the effect are inextricably linked.
In terms of configuration, claim 11 has a difference in moisture permeability, resulting in a difference in function and effect, claim 18 excludes the heat insulation layer on the north side, and claim 19 excludes the efficiency of energy transfer accompanying phase change. Is different.

In Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-309458 (Patent Document 5), “A moisture absorbing / releasing material superior in moisture absorbing / releasing properties compared to conventional moisture absorbing / releasing materials is disposed along at least a part of the wall surface constituting the room. The indoor humidity control method is disclosed. Specifically, “When the indoor humidity is high, the moisture absorption and desorption material absorbs the humidity in the room, so the indoor humidity can be lowered, and when the indoor humidity decreases, Moisture held in the room is dissipated into the room to increase the humidity in the room. "(Paragraph 0049)" With minimal use of mechanical adjustment means, the indoor atmosphere can be maintained at a comfortable humidity. (Paragraph 0050) Here, the moisture absorbing / releasing material having excellent moisture absorbing / releasing properties can absorb and release moisture according to changes in the relative humidity of the surrounding environment, and the amount of moisture absorbed during moisture absorption and moisture release during moisture release. The above description is the definition of the moisture absorbing / releasing material itself and indicates the state of the art.
In the case of using a moisture absorbing / releasing material as an interior material for the wall surface for the purpose of adjusting the humidity in the room, the capacity and speed of the moisture absorbing / releasing are important. However, Japan's humid season does not end in a short period, but lasts for more than three months from the rainy season in early June to September. Therefore, no matter how the moisture absorbing / releasing material with excellent moisture absorbing / releasing properties is used, the moisture absorption / release moisture used for the interior material of the wall surface can be adjusted by adjusting the moisture content of the interior room over the daily fluctuation. It is difficult to maintain a comfortable living space by securing only the moisture absorption capacity of the material, the moisture pressure difference between night and night is eliminated, and without any special measures, the `` moisture absorption and desorption material should be at least If it is arranged along part of the surface (Claim 4) alone, it absorbs moisture not only from the inside of the room but also from the inside of the wall, which is the outside of the room, and the speed of eliminating the water pressure difference is doubled and increased. If the water pressure difference is eliminated, it becomes impossible to adjust the humidity beyond the daily fluctuation.
By the way, the moisture content of the moisture absorbing / releasing material will change over time, no matter how excellent the moisture absorbing / releasing material is used, simply by using the moisture absorption / desorption cycle that utilizes the change in relative humidity within a year. Is stable at a high level, and the water pressure difference is eliminated, so that the moisture absorption capacity for conditioning the indoor space cannot be sufficiently recovered. Therefore, the humidity control in the room cannot be suitably performed over a long period of time. This is the same as the explanation using the concept of daily fluctuation difference.
What if the humidity control capability is exhibited within the range of changes in relative humidity within 24 hours a day? Even if the humidity is adjusted within the range of the change in relative humidity within 24 hours a day, the relative humidity at the time when humidity adjustment is necessary in summer is generally high, so that it reaches a comfortable humidity by itself. It ’s difficult. In order to realize a comfortable room, it is necessary to maintain a humidity control capability that exceeds the range of changes in relative humidity within 24 hours a day. Specifically, the moisture content of the moisture absorbing / releasing material is reduced beyond the range of changes in the relative humidity of the indoor space within a day, and the new technology / technical level is the range of changes in relative humidity. The moisture content rises and falls based on the corresponding equilibrium moisture content.) A means to restore the moisture absorption capacity is essential, but the disclosed technique has a moisture absorption capacity beyond the range of relative humidity of the day. There is no means to recover. Therefore, the humidity should be adjusted appropriately in the room, except for the period when the moisture pressure difference is maintained and the moisture absorption / release capability can be demonstrated based on the moisture absorption / release cycle throughout the year. Is difficult.
Therefore, as a means of recovering the moisture absorption capacity beyond the range of change in the relative humidity of the air in contact with it, it is possible to remove from the interior material due to the decrease in the relative humidity of the air in the ceiling space and the inner ventilation layer due to the intervention of the moisture absorption / release means. The role of moisture release is great. (Existence of a distribution channel that discharges moisture to the outdoors, and the addition of devices and means that can release moisture to the channel and release it from the channel will lead to the disclosure of new functions and technologies; moisture through the ventilation layer The moisture content is reduced by moisture release, which leads to the recovery of moisture absorption capacity. Moreover, vaporization and moisture release from the interior material due to the influence of solar heat radiant heat promotes a decrease in the moisture content of the interior material, leading to further recovery of the moisture absorption capacity of the interior material.
Now, it is a change in relative humidity within a day that greatly affects moisture release into the indoor space. The dehumidifier plays a major role in exceeding the range of changes in relative humidity, and in response to the issue of leveling power consumption, in particular, measures to recover the moisture absorption capacity using a dehumidifier at midnight are cost-effective. It can also be used from the aspect.

Furthermore, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-371645 (Patent Document 6), “a heat insulating material made of a calcium silicate plate is used for a heat insulating layer, and a humidity control material made of a calcium silicate plate is arranged in an interior portion, "A space is formed between the materials" (claims) "Technology that can provide a comfortable living space by stabilizing the humidity in the room by absorbing and releasing moisture of the humidity control material" (paragraph 0020) has been disclosed.
“The capacity of moisture absorbed and released by the humidity control material can be made larger than the capacity of moisture absorbed and released by the heat insulating material.” “There is also a space between the humidity control material and the heat insulating material. Therefore, moisture that can no longer be stored in the humidity control material can be moved to the space to maintain the humidity control performance of the humidity control material, and the moisture transfer from the humidity control material to the heat insulating material can be mitigated, It is possible to effectively prevent the heat insulation from deteriorating. "
While expecting a moisture-containing role in the space between the conditioner and insulation, they are “in the direction of integration,” maintaining the indoor humidity environment in a comfortable and efficient manner throughout the year. It has the effect that it becomes possible. "
In other words, they can increase the moisture absorption capacity (capacity) of the humidity control material that comes into direct contact with the room by integration, but the moisture content of the space is temporary, There is no intention or configuration to reduce the moisture content of the humidity control material (interior material) beyond the range of changes in the relative humidity of the environment and restore the moisture absorption capacity, and it cannot be recovered. (The selected moisture absorbing / releasing material is sensitive to changes in the relative humidity of the day and does not reduce the moisture content. No.) If the terminology described in paragraph 0082 is used, the selected humidity control material does not have a daily fluctuation difference, and when the relative humidity change within a day is not large, it reacts sensitively to the change. I can't. That is, it cannot lead to a change in moisture content according to a change in relative humidity. After all, only the action based on the moisture pressure difference of the moisture absorbing / releasing material works to absorb moisture from the room. Furthermore, according to the statement that “the moisture capacity absorbed and released by the humidity control material can be made larger than the moisture capacity absorbed and released by the heat insulating material”, the moisture absorption and release cycle throughout the year of the heat insulating material There is no intention / configuration to complement the 24-hour moisture absorption / release cycle of the humidity control material. Moreover, the humidity control material absorbs a large amount of moisture in the summer when it lasts for a long time in the summer. On the other hand, during the dry season when it lasts for a long time in the winter, According to the description of “Removing to room and moisturizing the room to reduce annual humidity fluctuation”, it can be seen that the humidity control material and the heat insulating material are configured to use a cycle of moisture absorption and release throughout the year. .
By the way, it is important to point out the deterioration of the heat insulating performance when the heat insulating material having moisture absorption / release properties absorbs moisture. That is, moisture absorption to the heat insulating material having moisture absorption / release properties should be avoided from the viewpoint of preventing deterioration of the heat insulating performance. (Technical common sense) In any case, the moisture transfer from the humidity control material to the heat insulating material is slow, but this is an idea because of the purpose and problem of avoiding the deterioration of the heat insulating performance. To support this, “maintaining good thermal insulation performance for a long period of time” (paragraph 0005) is described as a problem. In addition, it is thought that the decrease in the heat insulating performance of the moisture absorbing / releasing material is due to the high thermal conductivity of H2O to be absorbed (technical level), but it is contrary to the heat insulating property through liquefaction / vaporization. The impact of creating heat transfer is significant. However, the technical level does not lead to the need for a method for preventing a decrease in heat insulation performance by means of a device that can suppress the creation of heat transfer properties contrary to heat insulation. (It does not come up with a new problem of control of energy transfer accompanying moisture absorption / release, or a new problem of control of H2O transfer without energy transfer during moisture absorption / release). The creation of heat transfer is promoted, leading to a heat shielding / dehumidifying effect that absorbs solar heat, or the creation of heat transfer that is contrary to heat insulation is suppressed, leading to improved heat insulation performance that absorbs solar heat.
Now, calcium silicate materials have a high liquefaction ratio, and the direction of moisture absorption / release is not sensitive to changes in daily relative humidity, especially in terms of recovery of daily moisture absorption capacity by moisture release. It is not excellent. In order to efficiently recover the moisture absorption capacity, energy such as solar heat radiation is indispensable. However, with reference to the description of “a ventilation layer formed by the trunk edge” (paragraph 0015), it is possible to absorb energy from solar heat and to vaporize and dehumidify (a ventilation layer). To the outside through the building vents) is not considered necessary. Then, H2O liquefied in the moisture absorbing / releasing material of the interior material lacks the kinetic energy necessary for active movement, effectively promoting moisture release according to changes in relative humidity, and restoring the moisture absorbing ability efficiently. difficult.只 This is the result of the difference in performance required of the humidity control material, but it is a poor choice for the humidity control material in contact with the indoor space.
At first glance, although the invention of the present application is similar to the above-described invention-specific matters, the present invention has a significant difference from the above-described technology in terms of problems, and is not obvious from the technical level and is easily conceived. It has a new problem that cannot be done. Furthermore, it has a remarkable effect that exceeds the range predicted from the state of the art.

As an example of ceiling radiation cooling, there is a system disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 01-22918 (Patent Document 7). In this method, an exposed copper pipe is provided above the lattice ceiling material as a ceiling surface, and cooling water is allowed to flow through the copper pipe. In such cooling using heat transfer by radiation from the ceiling surface, uncomfortable airflow is less likely to occur, and the indoor vertical temperature distribution becomes very small, so that comfortable indoor conditions can be obtained.
Although H2O is used as a refrigerant (or heat medium) for both cooling and heating, the specific heat is larger than that of air, which is suitable for distributing a large amount of energy. In addition, since the heat conductivity of the copper tube is high and the heat storage performance is low, the heat transfer is carried out efficiently. Therefore, when heat is exchanged between the refrigerant circulating in the copper pipe and the room air, the vicinity of the copper pipe surface easily reaches the dew point and causes dew condensation. Condensation is also generated at the same time as condensation occurs, so that the efficiency of cooling decreases and the energy consumption efficiency decreases.
A technique has been disclosed that eliminates the problems described above and does not require complicated equipment. In Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 04-90432 (Patent Document 8), “cooling air (or warm air) is circulated in a closed space formed on the back surface of a ceiling material having moisture permeability, using air as a refrigerant (or heat medium). The ceiling surface is made of a ceiling material having a moisture permeability of 1 g / m 2 · h · mmHg or more.
During cooling, the air cooled by the air conditioner releases the contained water vapor as drain water during the cooling process, and becomes air of low temperature and low humidity. Now, when the low-temperature and low-humidity air is allowed to flow in a closed space partitioned from a high-temperature and high-humidity room and a ceiling material having moisture permeability, the indoor water vapor partial pressure is divided from the water vapor partial pressure in the closed space. The water vapor in the room moves to the closed space using the pressure difference as a driving force, and the room is dehumidified. The ceiling material is cooled by the air cooled simultaneously with the dehumidification, and the room is cooled by radiation and natural convection. "
In this method, conditioned air of low humidity and low temperature is supplied to the closed space (ceiling space). Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of condensation on the ceiling. In addition, moisture in the indoor space is absorbed from the ceiling surface, and the moisture is released to the back of the ceiling after passing through the ceiling material. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of condensation on the ceiling surface (the indoor side of the ceiling).エ ア コ ン In order to adjust the humidity in advance, the dehumidifier of the air conditioner must be operated as needed day and night. In addition, since moisture is constantly supplied from the indoor space to the ceiling space, the load of the dehumidifying device is not different from the load when dehumidifying directly from the indoor space. Furthermore, condensation heat is generated during dehumidification. Therefore, the energy consumption efficiency decreases due to the generation of a large amount of condensation heat, and the formation of a heat island has to be promoted.

However, the problem more than the reduction in energy consumption efficiency is that the ceiling material has a high moisture permeability, so that the ability to hold H2O of the ceiling material (moisture absorption / release capability) is reduced in inverse proportion to it. The result is two folds.
One is that the moisture recirculation rate is large, so moisture in the indoor air smoothly permeates through the ceiling material and is absorbed by the structural material and other H2O retention capability, but when it reaches its limit Visit early. In other words, even if the moisture absorption and desorption capacity of the building including the structural material is utilized throughout the seasons, the ceiling material in contact with the indoor space is weak in the ability to repeat daily moisture absorption and desorption. In addition, it is strongly influenced by the high moisture permeability, and moisture transfer to the structural material and an increase in the moisture content of the structural material are inevitable. On the other hand, if a means or device that can mitigate the increase in moisture content of the moisture absorption / release material in contact with the ceiling space can be obtained, the humidity of the indoor space can be adjusted without relying on a dehumidifying device, and an indoor environment with low humidity can be obtained . Therefore, it is possible to prevent the heat island from being promoted by waste heat generated by liquefaction and condensation heat generation by operating the dehumidifier. However, if the moisture recirculation rate of the ceiling material is high, such an effect cannot be brought about. In other words, it promotes the heat island. On the other hand, the first step of the device that can mitigate the increase in the moisture content of the moisture absorbing / releasing material in contact with the ceiling space is to select a ceiling interior material that does not have a high moisture return rate (moisture permeability). The second idea is to select a moisture absorbing / releasing material that can utilize a 24-hour moisture absorbing / releasing cycle.
Two things appear in terms of the use of late-night power. We will explain what kind of result this leads to the use of midnight electricity. The humidity control system using midnight power is as follows. “Dehumidify the room at night and release moisture from the moisture absorbing / releasing material such as the ceiling to reduce the moisture content of the moisture absorbing / releasing material. The humidity of the room can be adjusted by absorbing the water, but the humidity control capacity is achieved by actively utilizing the H2O retention capacity of the moisture absorbing / releasing material. " A ceiling material that is high and has a low holding capacity of H 2 O does not have a humidity adjustment capability that can fill the difference in relative humidity between day and night. So, with the original humidity control system, it is possible to dehumidify the room at night using late-night power, and to release moisture from the ceiling material into the room where the relative humidity is low, thus reducing the moisture content. The lowered ceiling material cannot be smoothly implemented during the daytime by using the midnight humidity control system that absorbs moisture from the indoor and closed spaces and adjusts the humidity.
In addition, there is a high demand for cooling during the daytime when the outside air temperature is high, and the amount of power used is originally high to achieve ceiling radiation cooling, but the use of daytime power is also added due to the effect of daytime solar heat on the space behind the ceiling. The quantity increases more and more. The disclosed technology is not suitable for promoting the use of midnight power and leveling the power usage. In addition, since the dehumidified cold air is flowed through the closed space in the daytime, a large amount of the condensation heat generated by the dehumidification is discharged in the daytime, thereby promoting the formation of a heat island.
Now, the disclosed technique has a system configuration in which low-temperature air conditioned to low humidity can be used as a refrigerant. Therefore, when H2O is used as a refrigerant, the device shown in the previous technique cannot be utilized.
Moreover, although it is a problem of a technical level, it does not ask about the level of the cooperation ratio between moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change.只 In order to dehumidify indoor air and realize a comfortable space, it is not enough to flow dehumidified cold air into a closed space. If it is used, the latent heat storage to the ceiling material proceeds by the cold air supplied in the closed space and the moisture content stays high, so the ability to absorb moisture and permeate from the room is reduced. In other words, the indoor dehumidifying effect expected in the prior art level cannot be simply expected.

In Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-54518 (Patent Document 9), “two ventilation layers of an outer ventilation layer and an inner ventilation layer are formed with a heat insulation layer as a boundary, and communicate with the outside air independently of each other. By means of opening and closing the communication path, it has become a means having a contradictory performance in summer and winter, and a means for suppressing the occurrence of condensation in the inner ventilation layer and the underfloor space in the wall in summer has been disclosed. However, in the opinion, it is expressed as “It is possible to prevent the occurrence of condensation in the space under the floor”.
In winter, the communication path at the upper end of the inner ventilation layer and the foundation fabric damper at the lower end are closed to improve airtightness and heat insulation, and in summer, the communication path and damper are opened to improve air permeability. It is intended to have the performance to do.
Therefore, in the summer season only, the inner ventilation layer is air permeable, hot air / humidity does not flow excessively indoors, and part of the hot air from solar radiation is discharged to the outside through the outer ventilation layer in the form of sensible heat. It is planned to be. However, the method of exhaust heat by sensible heat generally does not sufficiently exhibit its effect, contrary to its intention. This is because, while exhausting heat, heat storage in the housing is inevitable. In addition, excessive humidity can be avoided and condensation can be prevented from occurring in the inner ventilation layer, but the humidity inside and outside does not change, and the indoor humidity does not have a function of adjusting it to be lower than outdoors. In addition, since hot air and humidity are constantly supplied from the outside, the load for dehumidifying and cooling the room increases. On the other hand, although the heat of summer heat, which is a drawback of high airtight and highly insulated houses, is somewhat improved and has the effect of suppressing the rise in discomfort index somewhat, it is comfortable indoor environment without artificial dehumidification and cooling Efficacy to realize is not revealed.
Now, the outdoor temperature in summer is high, and the day around 35 degrees continues during the day. The room in which people live is usually kept lower. If it cannot be kept lower than the outdoors in a natural state, the indoor temperature is kept at approximately 28 degrees or less for comfortable living by using artificial means such as an air conditioner. In that case, the air in the inner ventilation layer is cooled through the interior material separating the room and the inner ventilation layer. As a result, the air in the inner ventilation layer becomes heavier than outdoors, and the relative humidity increases. Furthermore, since moisture moves from a warm place to a cold place, it becomes a factor for increasing the relative humidity. In addition, the heavier air acts in the direction of descending the wall space and is discharged to the outside through a vent under the floor. The inside ventilation layer on the north side where solar heat cannot be obtained by solar radiation cannot be obtained radiant heat energy that passes through the heat insulation layer, and appears prominently. (Or stagnant in the inner ventilation layer.)
By the way, although the ventilation fan in the communication passage allows ventilation in the inner ventilation layer, the supply of moisture continues through the damper, and the relative humidity in the inner ventilation layer and the underfloor space remains high. As a result, moisture tends to stay in the underfloor space due to the influence of the geothermal cool air, but it causes condensation in the underfloor space where the ventilation effect is reduced, and adheres to the structural material. This is contrary to the purpose of suppressing the occurrence of condensation, which is the initial purpose, but it is not possible to prevent condensation in the underfloor space only by the effect of ventilation. Eventually, a more comfortable indoor environment is realized, and when the room is cooled by an air conditioner, condensation is further induced in the underfloor space.
Although not described in the claims, when a blower fan is mounted in the communication path, since warm and moist air is constantly supplied from the outside, the cooling load increases. In addition, there is no particular effect that the dehumidifying load can be reduced. Moreover, the ventilation in the inner ventilation layer alone does not suppress the occurrence of condensation in the under-floor space where the mechanical ventilation effect is thin and easily squeezed.
There is no particular description of interior materials.只 If you try to obtain the indoor cooling effect by using the blower fan to promote the ventilation of the inner ventilation layer, or if you cool the room with an air conditioner, the moisture inside the inner ventilation layer and under the floor space from outside Inflow is encouraged. As a method for preventing the occurrence of condensation in an underfloor space where moisture tends to stay, a method of absorbing moisture by using a moisture absorbing / releasing material as an interior material is effective. However, if a moisture absorbing / releasing material is used for the interior material, the permeation / inflow of moisture into the room through the moisture absorbing / releasing material is inevitable depending on the conditions. In addition, when dehumidification is performed artificially using a dehumidifier to reduce the humidity in the room, there is a significant difference in humidity between the inside and outside of the interior material. Permeation and inflow continue. Eventually, the moisture supply (back flow) from the outside increases, and the load of dehumidification in the room increases. This leads to not only an increase in cooling load but also an increase in the generation of condensation heat due to the operation of the dehumidifying device, which causes a further heat island.

In addition, the content of patent number 2980883 patent gazette (patent document 10) is the flow of the air in the flow path which exhausts outdoors from a basic ventilation port through an inner ventilation layer and a building ventilation port using a shape memory alloy. Is controlled in summer and winter, and the basic function of controlling the flow of air through opening and closing of a ventilation port or the like is not different from the content of Patent Document 3. It is intended to maintain a good indoor environment without using human means. Specifically, “In the internal ventilation layer, air flows from below to above. It is released to the outside from the ventilation device in the back of the hut .... The room by allowing air to breathe on the wall surface. The humidity and ventilation of the inside of the structure, the humidity of the timber of the structure, and the ventilation can be adjusted very effectively, and the living environment can be brought into a very favorable condition. ”(0011 to 0012) By letting the air flow through the layer and the internal ventilation layer, it is possible to keep the house cool by the air flow, and even in the midsummer, especially in the hot and humid summer ... It becomes possible to maintain and manage the entire house in good condition.Such air flow is very effective in promoting the breathing action by the wall surface and exhausting the humidity in the room. "(0025)
Originally developed in technology, Shinshu is famous for summer resorts, and can stay relatively cool even in the hot and humid midsummer. Therefore, there is a limit to the indoor environment that can be realized without using artificial means in a warm and humid area, and it is imperative to endure people who live.
Therefore, when a more comfortable environment is demanded by using an air conditioner, the same problem as the problem of the technology appears. Specifically, the moisture absorbing / releasing material is positively used for the interior material of the inner wall, such as “providing the inner wall material so that moisture can be absorbed and exhausted” (Claim 1), and “ As the moisture permeation between the indoor space and the inner ventilation layer is achieved by the action of “discharging the air”, depending on the selection of the moisture absorbing / releasing material used, the previous problem (humidity due to a decrease in indoor humidity during air conditioner operation) The moisture penetrates the inner wall material from the high inner ventilation layer into the room, and the dehumidification load in the room increases). In addition, as long as the moisture absorbing / releasing material that separates the inside and outside of the inner wall defines the direction of moisture permeation due to the difference in relative humidity, it will not be escaped from the previous problem, and it is the target `` effect of exhausting indoor humidity. I can't expect. However, this problem at the time of air conditioner operation is not conceived. In addition, the selection of the moisture absorbing / releasing material to be used can solve the previous problem, but since the location of the problem has not been conceived in the first place, the description of the characteristics of the moisture absorbing / releasing material to be used and the moisture absorbing / releasing material There is no mention of the impact of selection based on differences in characteristics, and it has not been conceived or raised as a problem. (Technical level)
Further, if the air conditioner is used for cooling, the cold air is transmitted from the room through the inner wall material to the inner ventilation layer. As a result, the temperature of the air in the inner ventilation layer decreases and the relative humidity increases. Furthermore, the air becomes heavier, the ascending force of the air is lost, and the air stays and descends. However, there is no means to eliminate the stay / descent. Air conditioning is unavoidable in order to spend comfortably in warm and humid places, unlike Shinshu, which is relatively cool in summer. Therefore, it is necessary to come up with a problem (condensation) derived from the use of the air conditioner and to provide a measure (such as a blower fan) for suitably implementing the system.
By the way, according to the description of “0025, such a flow of air (raising the inner ventilation layer) is very effective as an action of promoting the breathing action by the wall surface and exhausting the humidity in the room” (0025) When dehumidifying indoors, the direction of moisture absorption and desorption is known from the relationship of relative humidity, moisture content, and equilibrium moisture content.
There is no particular description of the flooring that separates the underfloor space from the room. While utilizing the moisture absorption and desorption characteristics of the inner wall material, the moisture absorption and desorption characteristics of the solid board or plywood usually used as flooring are not considered. The inner wall is discharged from the room to the inner ventilation layer by the “effect of discharging room humidity”. If considered similarly to the case of the inner wall material, moisture permeates from the room into the space under the floor and is discharged. And it rises through the underfloor space and the inner ventilation layer. However, in reality, sufficient ventilation is not ensured in a part of the underfloor space, which causes a humidity increase in the underfloor space. If the humidity rises, it is necessary to examine the possibility of backflow into the room. Moreover, since the underfloor space is not able to obtain solar radiation and is cooled by the influence of geothermal heat, the relative humidity remains high due to the constant inflow of moisture from outside the building through the underfloor vent. The possibility of backflow is further increased. Also, a part of the underfloor space is prone to moisture retention, the conditions for condensation are satisfied, the risk of condensation is much higher than in the inner ventilation layer, and condensation is not possible unless there is an appropriate moisture discharge means. The occurrence of is inevitable. In the end, the need for a technology to fix contradictions is not conceived as a problem, and no means for solving it is conceived. (Technical level)
As a method for solving the above problems, the communication path / ventilation port is closed to cut off the communication between the inner ventilation layer and the outside, and the house is made airtight in summer. In that case, the energy of radiation cooling / geothermal energy cannot be used, and the possibility of realizing the humidity control function by the exhaust through the inner ventilation layer, the communication path, and the ventilation port, which is one of the purposes, disappears. In addition, since the airtight performance is enhanced, the necessity of operating the ventilation system for 24 hours arises. Further, the loss of the humidity control function increases the dehumidifying load of the dehumidifying device and increases the energy consumption. Furthermore, the amount of condensed heat generated increases due to the function of the dehumidifying function of the air conditioner, which promotes the formation of a heat island.
Therefore, under the different climatic characteristics from the cool Shinshu area to the warm and humid area, in the winter season, we take advantage of the airtight house's closing property and high thermal insulation performance, enhance the heating effect and pursue energy savings, while exhausting moisture in the summer season. In order to achieve the maximum possible architectural ingenuity, natural energy such as geothermal and radiative cooling is effectively used to conserve energy by man-made energy while increasing cooling load, increasing dehumidification load, and heat island The construction of a system that can avoid the promotion of decontamination and suppress the occurrence of condensation in the underfloor space.

Mud-walled buildings that have been handed down as a traditional construction method in Japan have been taking advantage of the moisture absorption and desorption function of the soil, and the moisture release with phase change due to the relationship between the moisture content of the soil and the relative humidity and the supply of kinetic energy. The heat of vapor generated at the time of heating suppresses the radiant heat generated as a result of accumulating heat on the roof / wall of the building by solar heat. If it is limited to the summer, the heat shielding effect can be obtained although it is limited to the range where the radiant cooling energy can be obtained.
土, the soil wall has high thermal conductivity, and it is difficult to ensure heat insulation due to the energy loss caused by the reversal of energy transfer in summer and winter. In addition, cracks progress as the film dries, making it more difficult to ensure airtightness. Therefore, there are significant problems in securing airtightness and heat insulation performance, which are important as basic performance of buildings.
When the airtight performance is low, the infiltration of air containing a large amount of moisture cannot be prevented, and the humidity adjustment effect brought about by the moisture absorption function of the soil wall cannot be suitably maintained. Furthermore, it is difficult to secure a flow path for air circulation in the building and control the flow in the flow path. Therefore, it is not possible to suitably control the moisture supply and moisture absorption promotion and the cooling energy supply and absorption promotion. Eventually, cooling energy cannot be used due to the supply of geothermal heat, and moisture absorption cannot be promoted by changes in relative humidity and H2O phase changes. The ratio of cooperation between moisture absorption and liquefaction, and the relationship between moisture absorption and H2O phase change, as well as the direction of moisture absorption and release, all end up being left by natural ventilation, which is the limit of indoor environment improvement. is there.
On the other hand, the effect of suppressing the temperature rise by the cooperation between the moisture absorption / release and the phase change of H2O in the summer is exhibited, and in the winter, the heat loss may be caused by the combination of the moisture absorption / release and the phase change of the H2O. In order to prevent the heat loss, it is necessary to secure a flow path for air circulation in the building and control the flow in the flow path. However, it cannot be controlled favorably, and heat loss is inevitable. Or, as a result of promoting the creation of heat transfer that contradicts heat insulation, it is necessary to have a means to prevent reversal of the heat transfer that occurs between summer and winter in the heat insulation layer, but it can be prevented with simple measures. In other words, no means has been provided so far to suppress the creation of heat transfer that is contrary to heat insulation. No, it should not be conceived about creation of heat conductivity contrary to heat insulation, and further, it should not be conceived as a problem about control of promotion and suppression. (It is a new issue that is not obvious and cannot be easily conceived in comparison with the technical level.)

By the way, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-3000386 (Patent Document 11), “the use of the heat of vaporization generated when water evaporates prevents the temperature rise in the back of the house due to solar heat radiation, The aim is to increase the cooling effect of the air conditioner, leading to the suppression of the rise in room temperature.
The invention described above, “Moisture absorption and release material that absorbs and releases moisture is housed in the back of the hut, and the back of the hut is forcibly ventilated by a fan at night, so that moisture contained in the outside air is absorbed by the absorption and release material. In the daytime, the roof is forcibly ventilated by a fan to vaporize the moisture absorbed by the moisture absorbing / releasing material, and the cabin is cooled by the latent heat of vaporization of moisture.
“In short, because a large amount of heat is required for vaporization of moisture, the cooling capacity of the hut is very high due to the latent heat of vaporization, and even in summer, the temperature rise of the hut can be sufficiently suppressed due to solar radiation. The indoor temperature rise can be sufficiently suppressed. "
As a result, the energy saving effect associated with the use of the air conditioner in the room, which is the initial purpose, can be improved. In general, the energy consumption is reduced by about 10%.只 Whether or not the cooling capacity can be obtained by the effect of the latent heat of vaporization, depending on whether the moisture release from the moisture absorbing / releasing material is due to the phase change of liquid H2O or the release of gaseous H2O. It will be decided. It is also a difficult point that the neighborhood is not clear.
However, under the cooperation between moisture absorption and release and H2O phase change, the indoor moisture is absorbed by liquefaction, and the cooling energy supplied indoors is transferred (heat transfer), and the solar heat energy is converted by the heat of vaporization. It absorbs and exhausts heat in the form of moisture. As a result, it has not been provided with the function of exhausting indoor moisture to the outside to dehumidify and shield it from heat.

Not only in highly airtight and highly insulated houses, but also in hot and humid areas in summer, the discomfort index is high, making it difficult to spend. Therefore, not only temperature control but generally the dehumidifying function of a dehumidifier / air conditioner is used to remove the humidity of the indoor space in a form that consumes electric energy. In addition, when dehumidifying depending on the air conditioner, electric energy is consumed more than cooling. Furthermore, with dehumidification, water and heat of condensation are generated. This heat of condensation is also a factor in the urban heat island phenomenon.
Now, when adjusting the indoor temperature using an air conditioner, cool air is introduced into the room and the indoor hot air is discharged to the outside. In this case, the cold air introduced into the room is eventually discharged outdoors, and is fused with the previously discharged hot air. Therefore, the influence of discharged hot air on the environment is neutral.只 The effect of energy consumed for air conditioner operation remains.
When a dehumidifying device such as an air conditioner is used for humidity adjustment, condensation heat is generated when the moisture in the air is liquefied. That is, when adjusting the humidity in the room, not only electric energy is consumed for the operation of an air conditioner or the like, but also water and condensation heat are generated and discharged outdoors. So it affects the surrounding environment. It is a factor that promotes the heat island phenomenon that has become a social problem. After all, when using an air conditioner, humidity control has a greater influence on the environment than temperature control. Therefore, environmental humidity can be reduced if indoor humidity control can be partially replaced by the function of an air conditioner.
Even if you use the air circulation system in the wall, if you look at the span of spring, summer, autumn and winter, the humidity inside and outside is high during the summer, and the moisture absorbing and releasing materials for wood and earth used for structural materials and finishing materials are It only absorbs moisture. Moreover, the difference between the moisture content and the equilibrium moisture content will eventually disappear, and there will be no moisture absorption capacity. During winter, the indoor and outdoor environments are dry, and the moisture-absorbing and releasing materials release moisture. Thus, some of the indoor humidity accumulated during the summer season is released outside the building by the wall air circulation system.
When dehumidifying indoors, some will be released to the outside of the building using seasonal fluctuations in the moisture absorption and desorption of wood and earth used for structural materials and finishing materials, but most will be used for dehumidifiers and air conditioners. Dehumidification function is performed by consuming electric energy. At that time, the generated heat of condensation is inevitably discharged. Moreover, most dehumidifiers are operated during the daytime in summer. Therefore, the demand for electricity in the daytime in summer is extremely large, overlapping with a period of high demand for cooling. If operation of the dehumidifier during the daytime can be avoided, it will contribute to the leveling of power demand.

Recent high airtight and highly insulated houses require a 24-hour ventilation system. And the total heat exchange type exhaust fan provided with the function to remove moisture at the time of ventilation is used. It performs heat exchange when taking in outside air, and at the same time, removes moisture.エ ネ ル ギ ー Energy consumption increases compared to simple ventilation with exhaust and air supply. Moreover, the total heat exchanging ventilator does not have a performance enough to create a suitable indoor environment with respect to temperature and humidity in a warm and humid place. And it does not mean that the system has been improved to such an extent that the effect of promoting the humidity control function appears in the indispensable ventilation function.
A double ventilation system in the wall has been developed, and various methods using the system have been developed and proposed. In one direction, the inner ventilation layer (inner circuit) is not only used as an air ventilation means, but also (a) constitutes a part of the ventilation system, and (C) Used as part of energy transfer and energy conversion mechanisms. It is a typical example that enhances the work of a building by relying on architectural ingenuity.

As disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 2905417 (Patent Document 12), a method of operating indoor and outdoor ventilation while being integrated with a winter heating system has been provided. Specifically, “the air circulation building uses the entire underfloor as a common air circulation space in the entire building, and air is circulated inside the walls and in the respective rooms so as to raise air from the underfloor space.” “The opening provided in the inner wall is for allowing air to flow into the room”.
By the way, as described above, the space behind the ceiling does not constitute an air flow path. This is due to the following circumstances. Due to the influence of the radiant heat generated as a result of heat storage in the thermal insulation of the ceiling behind the thermal energy acquired by solar radiation in the summer, the cold air circulating from the underfloor space is maintained and distributed to the ceiling space. This is because it is difficult. Or, normally, when only the ventilation function is expected, the circulating air is warmed by the influence of the radiant heat in the process of passing through the ceiling space, which flows into the room and deteriorates the indoor thermal environment. Because it invites. Furthermore, because of the climatic characteristics of the developed area, the effect required in winter was more important than the effect required in summer.
After all, the air circulation building aims to improve the effect of the ventilation means in cooperation with the energy transfer / energy transfer during the heating in the winter, and efficiently transfer the energy during the cooling in the summer. It is because it does not aim to improve the effect. However, summer countermeasures are not completely unnecessary. Originally, an air circulation system using a wall is used as an air flow path including the space behind the ceiling. However, in the conventional method, it is important to reduce the influence of solar thermal energy in the ceiling space in consideration of summer efficiency. Therefore, although it is a product of compromise to reduce, as a means to exclude the ceiling space from the distribution space, the installation place of the opening for air to flow into the indoor space is excluded from the ceiling and the inner wall is selected It was done. Therefore, an air flow path from the underfloor space to the inner ventilation layer of the wall and the indoor space is formed to reduce heat loss as compared with the case of passing through the ceiling space.
To support the above, in FIG. 1 of the document, the inner ventilation layer and the ceiling space are not in communication. Although there is no specific description in the claims and the detailed description of the invention, in the notation of FIG. 1, a wall is provided to separate the inner ventilation layer and the ceiling space. This wall prevents air from flowing between the inner ventilation layer and the ceiling space.
However, the description of the opening (communication port) flowing into the room is not seen in the claims as to whether the means is technically established. Therefore, it is permitted to provide an opening in the ceiling. In that case, as discussed above, the temperature rise of the air flowing into the room is more unavoidable due to the heat storage effect of solar heat.

By the way, in the conventional air circulation method, whatever flow path is selected in the summer, heat loss caused by radiant heat, which is a result of heat storage of solar thermal energy, cannot be avoided. The same is true even if distribution to the ceiling space is avoided to reduce heat loss, and heat loss through the walls on the east, west, and south sides is unavoidable. In addition, compared with the developed Shinshu area, heat loss in summer is even greater in temperate regions, and the air circulation method is inappropriate from the viewpoint of summer energy transfer means. Furthermore, whether air at normal temperature or cold air is sent, it is unsuitable for maintaining a good indoor thermal environment.
With regard to humidity control, the dehumidification effect is aimed at in cooperation with a double ventilation system in the wall and a total heat exchange type ventilation fan. As described above, the total heat exchange type exhaust fan does not have the ability to realize a favorable environment for temperature and humidity control. And the said air circulation building has not led to the performance more than the performance with which a total heat exchange type exhaust fan is provided regarding temperature / humidity adjustment.
Specifically, it is a flow of the technology disclosed in Utility Model Publication No. 5-38168 and the technology of the air cycle. The wall body has a double ventilation layer, and the inner ventilation layer circulates air. Yes.只 Although the inner ventilation layer is used for the air flow path for ventilation, it is important to devise an idea to cut the connection between the inner ventilation layer and the outer ventilation layer isolated by the hermetic insulation layer. No idea or ingenuity to create and utilize complementary cooperation between the two ventilation layers is found.
After all, in the warm and humid areas, unless it depends on the function of the dehumidifying and cooling of the air conditioner, it is impossible to realize a suitable indoor environment in summer, day or night.

In Japanese Patent No. 2935942 (Patent Document 13), similarly to the above-mentioned air circulation building, the underfloor space, the space in the wall, and the space behind the ceiling communicate with each other, and the indoor and outdoor ventilation is performed through the heat exchange type ventilation fan. A method of performing and providing energy supply during heating has been disclosed. Although the disclosed technology does not have a specific description regarding heat shielding measures, a vent (communication port) through the space in the wall and the living space (indoor space) is installed in the lower part of the window. Therefore, the air flow path is composed of an underfloor space, a wall space under the window, and a living space. Therefore, the wall space above the window is excluded from the flow path flowing into the living space. Furthermore, in addition to the living space, air in the ceiling space is exhausted to the outside through the heat exchange type ventilation fan. This is an ingenuity not found in the above-mentioned air circulation building, forcibly discharging the hot air accumulated in the space behind the ceiling together with fresh air to reduce the heat loss from the roof, and solar thermal energy This will reduce the impact on the living space. By these two means, it is intended to reduce the influence of radiant heat generated by the accumulation of solar thermal energy in the roof and walls in summer.
技術 In this technology, fresh air with high oxygen concentration taken from outside is released to the outside for the purpose of exhaust heat without passing through the living space, so it is not suitable in terms of efficiency from the original purpose of ventilation. Therefore, the running cost required for ventilation increases. It is also unsuitable for realizing a radiation cooling effect. Moreover, since the outer ventilation layer is not formed, there is no room for progress to a dehumidification / heat shielding mechanism by complementary cooperation between the inner ventilation layer and the outer ventilation layer. In other words, it creates heat transfer that contradicts heat insulation, absorbs solar heat energy that is absorbed and absorbed indoors, and receives solar radiation, and forms latent heat outdoors through the outer ventilation layer and roof ventilation layer (or the space behind the hut). The heat is exhausted and the effects of dehumidification and heat insulation are not realized.
As a fundamental circumstance, no double ventilation layer is formed on the wall. Therefore, there is no way to exhaust heat through the outer ventilation layer and the attic space. If there is no means for exhaust heat, the influence of radiant heat, which is an effect of accumulating solar solar energy, is great. Therefore, in order to reduce the influence of the living space on the thermal environment, heat must be exhausted from the ceiling space using forced means. Although it seems to be an efficient means of exhaust heat through the linkage between ventilation and ventilation, it is better to install a blower with less energy consumption and use it for exhaust and exhaust heat from the outer ventilation layer / shed space for heat insulation This leads to a method of use that promotes the creation of contradictory heat transfer, and is efficient.
In addition, in the above two technical notations, there is no description in the claims that air flows into the room from the wall through the communication port which is a means for communicating between the room and the wall. In particular, in the latter case, not only the communication port for flowing into the room, but also the intake port and the discharge channel necessary for forming the channel for discharging to the outside, and the supply channel for supplying air to the underfloor space from the outside as constituent elements Also not seen.

Means have been provided for supplying cooling energy to a ceiling space through a refrigerant and releasing the cooling energy from the cooling space to achieve a radiant cooling effect in summer. One is to supply cold air by heat exchange through a refrigerant through a piping device facing the ceiling. The second releases cool air directly into the ceiling space. This is typically the use of an air conditioner.
Now, with either method, the problem of condensation cannot be avoided. When the closed space behind the ceiling is cooled, the relative humidity in the air rises rapidly and easily reaches the saturation point. Therefore, it is important to avoid condensation. One way to avoid condensation is to install a dehumidifier in the ceiling space in advance and dehumidify so that the air does not reach the saturation point. The second method uses a moisture absorbing / releasing material on the ceiling surface to remove the moisture behind the ceiling and avoid reaching the saturation point. The third is based on a method of sending air conditioned in advance to the ceiling space. (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-90432 / Patent Document 7)
In the second method, even if the moisture absorbing / releasing material absorbs moisture, the moisture remains indoors, so that the moisture absorption capacity of the ceiling material reaches its limit before the season changes. Therefore, there is no choice but to release moisture from the moisture absorbing / releasing material using the function of the dehumidifying device or to dehumidify the space behind the ceiling and discharge the moisture to the outdoors. Therefore, the operation of the dehumidifier is unavoidable in any method. As a result, the heat of condensation generated during dehumidification is exhausted to the outdoors together with the waste heat during cooling. It further promotes the heat island.
By the way, even if cool air is released from the air conditioner in the ceiling space, it is not easy to circulate the cooling energy smoothly in the air circulation flow path. In addition to the heat loss caused by the solar thermal energy described above, the air pressure difference in the air circulation channel is an obstacle.
Therefore, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-120957 (Patent Document 14), by keeping the air pressure in the underfloor space at a negative pressure, the cold air discharged from the air conditioner installed on the back of the ceiling on the second floor is changed into the wall space. Is lowered so that the entire building can be circulated. According to this technique, the circulation of air in the building can be suitably secured during cooling, so that if sufficient cooling energy can be supplied, radiation cooling that is gentle on the body can be used in cold regions.
This is significant from the viewpoint that air can be smoothly circulated during cooling, but that alone does not immediately increase the cooling effect. In order to increase the cooling effect in temperate areas, it is necessary to cool the heat insulating material to suppress the radiant heat that results from the accumulation of solar heat. However, a large amount of cooling energy must be supplied. Also, the drive energy of the blower fan is consumed to create a pressure difference between the underfloor space and the ceiling space. Eventually, in temperate and humid areas, the radiant heat generated in the heat insulating material as a result of heat storage of solar thermal energy is suppressed, realizing energy saving or reducing the amount of power used in the daytime, while effectively obtaining the cooling effect. It has not reached.
Furthermore, since it does not have a function of ventilation that is indispensable for a highly airtight and highly insulated house, it is necessary to provide a means of ventilation by some method even if it is a separate system. Further retroactively, a large amount of energy cannot be supplied smoothly unless a pressure difference is created using a blower fan. In addition, using an air conditioner to supply a large amount of energy consumes electrical energy for cooling by the refrigerant, and exhaust heat through the outdoor unit is concentrated in the daytime, which helps to create a heat island that is becoming a social problem. To be.
In addition, since dehumidification depends entirely on the function of the air conditioner, the release and transfer of energy due to the discharge of condensed heat generated as a result of dehumidification to the outside is inevitable. It promotes further heat island formation.

In any case, in terms of geographical conditions in Japan, the invention is an invention in a region belonging to a cold region, and is effective under a climate unique to that region. Due to the climatic characteristics, adiabatic and airtightness was an important means of temperature management with an emphasis on measures against cold.
If it is limited to the winter season, it is the best choice not only in cold regions but also in warm regions. However, if it is limited to the summer season, temperature control alone is not sufficient. Especially in warm areas, the roof is directly irradiated with the strong summer sun, and the outer surface of the south, east, and west has a daytime temperature of 60 ° C. The radiant heat generated at the wall body and the like that reaches ˜70 ° C. using the hot air as an energy source has greatly affected the indoor thermal environment.
In any case, the high thermal insulation performance required in winter (low thermal conductivity), on the contrary, produces a heat storage effect in the thermal insulation material in summer, creating a troublesome existence of radiant heat. Therefore, measures against radiant heat in the summer are important, but none of the above inventions take measures against this radiant heat. In addition, it does not have suitable humidity control and air purification functions.
As described above, in the so-called high-temperature and high-humidity regions of the IV / V region, measures against moisture and extreme heat in summer are particularly important. It is so important that it cannot be compared with Shinshu, Hokkaido, where it is relatively easy to spend in summer.
By the way, in References 6 and 7, it is described that solar thermal energy collected through the roof surface is used for winter heating through the ventilation system. In most areas of the cold regions, it is difficult to obtain solar heat on the roof surface constantly due to snow during winter, and the area where solar heat energy can be used stably is limited. Therefore, the energy saving technique in winter using the ventilation system shown above cannot be effective if solar heat cannot be obtained.
By the way, compared with those for temperate regions, it is necessary and required to enhance the heat insulation performance as a cold region specification. Generally, this is dealt with by increasing the thickness of the heat insulating material. In that case, it is not possible to expect a performance higher than that expressed by the numerical value of the heat reflux rate of the heat insulating material. In addition, if the heat insulating material is thickened, it will hinder the energy transfer required in summer. Therefore, in the cold regions of I, II, and III areas, it is necessary to devise a device that contributes to the improvement of thermal insulation performance that is suitable for snowfall.

In the previous two inventions, the wall body has a function of ventilation and ventilation, is responsible for the flow and distribution of energy, and is further responsible for the mechanism of energy transfer and conversion.
However, as disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 7-1367, “The use of a heat insulating material was used to ensure the isolation between two air-permeable layers intended for airtightness and heat insulation. In order to prevent the dew condensation characteristic of winter, it is devised with a view to consciousness that "the intrusion of moisture, which is the source, is prevented."
Since then, highly airtight and highly insulated houses that have adopted a double ventilation system in the wall have reached the present day without escaping from the idea of preventing condensation. Therefore, a synthetic resin board-like heat insulating material having no moisture absorption / release property, high moisture permeation resistance and high airtight heat insulating performance has been widely used implicitly.
However, when a ventilation layer is formed by using a synthetic resin-based heat insulating material and serves as a ventilation and ventilation function and plays a role of an energy transfer channel, another problem arises at night in summer. Outside air with high relative humidity taken into the underfloor space is cooled by the influence of geothermal heat, reaches the dew point, and tends to cause condensation under the floor. Moreover, when a large amount of cold air is generated / supplied by installing an air conditioner in the flow channel aiming at radiant cooling, condensation is more likely to occur in the underfloor / wall ventilation layer.
As a solution to this problem, silica gel or the like having a high moisture absorption capacity is installed in the flow path to dehumidify the space under the floor.只 The effect is that it does not continue. In the end, we have to rely on the dehumidifying function of the air conditioner to dehumidify. It cannot contribute to reducing the dehumidifying load and does not help to suppress the heat island.

By the way, in cold regions where highly airtight and highly insulated houses have been developed, there are also climatic characteristics in areas where priority is given to measures against the cold caused by the high insulation performance. In fact, the need for using a heat insulating material with moisture absorption and desorption is scarce.
Nevertheless, one of the factors that brings about the advantage of adopting a heat-absorbing material that absorbs and absorbs moisture by suppressing that risk is to `` forced latent heat exhaust heat '' and absorb moisture due to moisture retention indoors. There is a possibility of suppressing the increase in moisture content of the moisture release material. The possibility is that the cooling energy necessary for liquefaction is supplied indoors to H2O, and when solar heat energy obtained by solar radiation is absorbed by the vaporization of H2O when passing through a heat insulating material that mediates the phase change, It can be trapped in a shape and exhausted outdoors. In the end, it is possible to provide a means for exhausting indoor moisture to the outside while confining solar heat from sensible heat to latent heat. (Hereinafter, the inside isolated by the airtight insulation layer is called indoor, and the outside is called outdoor.)
只, the possibility opens to the place of utilizing “condensation” that has been eating away Japanese houses since long ago. This is not limited to the actual performance and durability issues of houses, but provides challenges that should be overcome in terms of human consciousness.

The above-described method of exhausting heat from the hut is based on an unprecedented idea of absorbing solar heat energy and making it latent heat by changing the phase of H2O, and incorporates various possibilities.
只 According to the idea of the invention, `` the consciousness of indoor humidity control was sparse '' and `` the past spell that insulation is isolated in terms of airtightness and heat insulation '', indoor moisture is moved outside the building It has not been possible to provide a function that can exhaust and cool the air supplied indoors to simultaneously achieve the indoor dehumidifying effect and the heat shielding effect.
In addition, it comes from the difference in “recognition” about energy transfer accompanying the phase change of H2O. That is, heat transfer is accompanied by the phase change of H2O, and moisture absorption / release without phase change is not accompanied by heat energy transfer. In addition, it is also important to recognize whether the heat insulating material having moisture absorption / release properties maintains the moisture state or the liquefied water state after absorbing the moisture. Even if the heat insulating material is held in a moisture state and released from the heat insulating material as moisture, energy transfer does not occur. In that case, the cooling effect does not appear.
In order to generate energy transfer that exhibits a cooling effect, it is necessary to undergo a phase change of liquefaction. Therefore, the problem of the treatment of the heat of condensation generated during liquefaction also appears in promoting phase change.

Specifically, even though moisture absorption from the cabin space is efficiently performed by forced ventilation by the fan, it does not lead to an increase in the efficiency of moisture absorption through the heat insulating material from the ceiling space. Moreover, the latent heat storage that absorbs moisture when supplying moisture through the supply of cooling energy from the interior does not lead to the creation of heat transfer that is contrary to heat insulation by utilizing the conductivity of moisture. This is because of the past spell that heat insulating material cuts between the air-permeable layers separated by the airtight heat insulating performance.
Furthermore, no countermeasure is taken into account for the heat of condensation that is generated when the phase changes due to moisture absorption.
In order to ensure and function the complementary relationship between the two ventilation layers, the balance between the moisture content of the moisture-absorbing / releasing material as a factor that promotes moisture absorption and the relative humidity in the ventilation layer coming from there Must be fully understood within the framework of energy transfer by H2O phase change "liquefaction / vaporization".
However, the heat of condensation that occurs when moisture is absorbed and undergoes a phase change without knowing it is unknowingly cooled as a result of the outside air that has fallen in temperature due to radiative cooling, and combined with an increase in relative humidity, absorbs moisture. There is a surplus. Therefore, the replenishment of water necessary to suppress the radiant heat generated by solar heat in the daytime is performed, and the rise in room temperature is suppressed by the heat of vaporization that is lost when the phase changes to water vapor.・ Effects can be obtained.
As evidenced by the above, there is no text referring to the heat of condensation that occurs when the moisture-absorbing / releasing material absorbs moisture and undergoes a phase change, as well as countermeasures. If the heat of condensation is not sufficiently recognized, the idea of promoting moisture absorption and “accelerating liquefaction” using cooling energy will not come out. Furthermore, the cooling energy supplied / absorbed from the inside is lifted by the opposite heat transfer and heat insulation properties, and the solar heat energy acquired by the sun is absorbed from the outside to be used for exhaust heat in the form of moisture to the outside. Will not come out. Further, the idea of promoting moisture absorption and “suppressing liquefaction” while avoiding the influence of cooling energy does not appear.
只 Liquefaction is synonymous with so-called dew condensation, and it is natural that the use of liquefaction as an action has been avoided unconsciously from the viewpoint of avoidance and aversion to dew condensation resulting from the characteristics of Japanese climate.
Further, when moisture absorption / release is combined with liquefaction / vaporization, moisture absorption / release and liquefaction / vaporization are easily identified. That is, there is a strong tendency to grasp moisture absorption / release and energy transfer under unseparated conditions. Although it is also exposed in the above description, gaseous H2O and liquid H2O are confused and used in the term “water”. Not limited to this, most of the conventional techniques are confused or discussed without being clearly distinguished. The liquid H 2 O generated and supplied from somewhere is connected to the use of the heat of vaporization taken away from the surroundings when evaporating. In any case, at the stage where the distinction between gaseous H2O and liquid H2O cannot be made clear, it is accompanied by phase change of H2O through liquefaction through cold air supply from the inside and vaporization through kinetic energy acquisition from the outside. There is no idea to use energy transfer for energy transfer that has a contradictory effect on heat insulation and heat transfer. If it mentions further, it will not lead to the idea of controlling in the form which controls or promotes the creation of heat conductivity contrary to heat insulation.

  Conventionally, it has been devised to keep the indoor air environment good by absorbing moisture and adsorbing moisture, chemical substances, etc., by utilizing the function of finishing materials such as walls of diatomaceous earth.只, it is not something that can be absorbed infinitely, and part of the material absorbed by the wall etc. is released again into the living room and the indoor air is polluted, which does not necessarily lead to air purification.

About the current state of domestic power supply and demand. In terms of power generation, the proportion of energy that depends on nuclear power is increasing. The merit of relying on the energy of power generation for nuclear power is that it leads to suppression of carbon dioxide generated when burning fossil energy. So in some areas, the percentage is over 50%.
In terms of supply and demand, there is a bias in daily consumption in general private demand. Also, due to seasonal factors, the bias of power consumption within a day becomes even larger. Specifically, consumption will increase during the summer when cooling and dehumidification are needed.
Due to the circumstances as described above, the energy required for power generation is surplus during the night time compared to the daytime. Therefore, as a device to promote the use of surplus energy, a pumped-storage power plant that requires a large amount of money has been installed, and the reuse of electric power has been attempted. After all, encouraging the use of midnight power with low consumption not only leads to leveling of power consumption, but also to the efficient use of surplus energy from a social level.

A latent heat type heat storage method using a phase change of solidification / melting has been put to practical use as an energy supply means for floor heating in consideration of heat conduction efficiency, suppression of heat loss, and the like. Specifically, it is provided in the contents described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-240958. It uses midnight power to store heat, dissipates heat during the daytime when it is not energized, and uses it for heating energy. There is a great merit for both socially and personally in that socially surplus energy can be effectively used at low cost.
只 The energy consumption efficiency is not good with the conventional methods of use. This is because, although the heat storage capacity is increased by adopting the latent heat method, it is not connected to the structure of the intention / means for improving the energy consumption efficiency as the air conditioning system.
Moreover, it is provided to the content of Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2002-195587 as what was utilized for the solar heat collection and thermal storage. Both are for heating only. If it cannot be used for cooling, it will not lead to efficient use of equipment and devices, and ultimately it will not be possible to reduce initial costs.
Furthermore, a system configuration of means for ensuring a stable supply of cooling energy necessary for cooling and dehumidification in summer from midnight power has not yet been provided. Further, when compared with the ice cold storage system, although the cooling effect can be obtained, it does not reach the heat island suppression effect in the dual sense by the dehumidifying effect and the heat shielding effect of the present invention. After all, neither air conditioners nor heat accumulators can produce outstanding effects or extraordinary effects by mere “replacement”.
By the way, in order to effectively use late-night power, it is important to spread HP hot water heaters that can store hot water at night and supply hot water for 24 hours.従 来 Conventionally, when storing hot water, the cold air generated at the same time is discarded and not effectively used. This is because, when it is used as a means for cooling the room, it is inevitable that the indoor environment is too cold, and it is not necessarily a comfortable environment. In addition, since the heat pump system that separates and uses heat from the air heat is used, a reduction in energy consumption efficiency is inevitable as long as the indoor air heat is used.
In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to either add a system for controlling the supply of cool air to the hot water supply system, or to effectively use the cool air continuously supplied during hot water storage. I don't get it. The first method is either to install a heat exchanger outside the cooling heat exchanger installed indoors and discard the cool air or store the cold air. In addition, if a method of disposing of cold air outdoors is also used, the energy consumption efficiency of the HP water heater can be avoided, although it is far from effective use of cold air. Further, in order to store and use cold, although the ice storage means described above has been developed, a large facility is required.
In addition, the condensation heat produced | generated when using a dehumidifier is discarded outdoors together with the waste heat at the time of cooling. These heat energies are discarded without being used. However, if this discarded energy can be used in the hot water supply system, the heat island can be suppressed and the energy saving performance of the hot water supply system can be improved.

Improvements can be seen in terms of energy storage, storage, and heat storage capacity. According to the description of Japanese Patent No. 3049536 (Patent Document 15), “a floor heating structure that warms a room by radiant heat from the floor surface, a sand layer is formed between the slab floor and the ground surface, and the sand layer is electrically Resistive heating panels are laid directly on or near the ground surface and laid a predetermined number of times, and without forming a positive heat insulation layer between the electrical resistance heating panel and the ground surface, It is possible to form a heat storage layer in the geological formation.
The advantage of this means is that a large-capacity heat storage layer including the underground can be used as a means of heat storage and heat dissipation for heating in winter.
The problem of this means is that it is filled with a sand layer without providing a space between the heat storage layer and the slab floor surface, so that there remains a problem in building management.
For one thing, underfloor inspection is not easy, so the state of the sand layer contained in the building foundation cannot be determined. It will lead to delays in the discovery of the occurrence of pests under the floor, making it difficult to prevent damage. In this respect, it is difficult to eliminate consumer anxiety. One problem is the maintenance and inspection of water and sewer piping. Even if water leaks, it cannot be detected easily. Moreover, when water leaks, it not only affects the action and effect of the heat storage layer, but also affects the durability of the heating element.
Even more seriously, the energy consumption efficiency associated with the use of electricity during heating is extremely poor. In today's pursuit of energy conservation, it is not a suitable means. In addition, the means of energy transfer from the slab floor surface to the indoor space is by heating / cooling using heat transfer, and from there, quantitative control of the energy transfer or control of energy transfer or time zone This causes the difficulty of control due to the problem and becomes a big problem.
The above means can only be grasped as a heating means, and has little possibility as an energy supply / heat storage means for cooling. Originally, the underground cool air can be used, but there is no means for suitably using it for indoor cooling. Furthermore, the cooling energy supply means to the heat storage layer is limited to geothermal heat, and it is difficult to evolve into a system using midnight power. It is a problem before the improvement of energy consumption efficiency.

JP 2003-328464 A JP-A-8-193744 Japanese Patent No. 2585458 Utility Model Application Publication No. Sho 63-58103 JP-A-10-309458 JP 2002-371645 A Actual Kaihei 01-22918 JP 04-90432 A JP 2000-54518 A Patent No. 2998083 Patent Gazette JP-A-6-3000386 Japanese Patent No. 2905417 Japanese Patent No. 2935942 JP 2003-120957 A Japanese Patent No. 3049536

In the heat insulating material having moisture absorption / release properties, when the moisture absorption proceeds and the water content increases, the heat insulating performance generally decreases. That is, the heat reflux rate increases according to the moisture content of the moisture-absorbing / releasing material. It has been thought that this is due to the high thermal conductivity of H2O. That is, if a large amount of H 2 O having higher thermal conductivity than the moisture absorbing / releasing material is contained in the moisture absorbing / releasing material, the heat reflux rate increases accordingly, and the heat insulating performance decreases. (Technical common sense)
On the other hand, in addition to the high thermal conductivity of H 2 O, “knowledge” has been obtained that energy transfer accompanying the phase change of H 2 O has an effect. Specifically, “H2O phase when H2O absorbs moisture and absorbs moisture and absorbs heat, and H2O phase changes when it absorbs and absorbs heat energy, vaporizes and cools. The energy transfer through the energy transfer accompanying the change brings about a decrease in the heat insulation performance, that is, an increase in the heat reflux rate. "
In other words, this is the creation of heat transfer that is contrary to heat insulation. From there, the problem of control of promoting or suppressing the creation of heat transfer that is contrary to heat insulation is a new issue in utilizing the moisture absorbing / releasing material.
On the premise of a new problem, the moisture-absorbing / releasing material is classified according to the level of the ratio between the moisture-releasing / releasing and the phase change of H2O. That is, if the ratio of the moisture absorption / release and the phase change of H 2 O is low, the energy transfer accompanying moisture absorption is small, and the energy transfer is inevitably small.能力 Even if the creation of heat transfer that is contrary to heat insulation through energy transfer associated with the linkage between moisture absorption and desorption and H2O phase change can be suppressed, it does not have the ability to promote.
On the other hand, if the ratio of cooperation between moisture absorption / desorption and H2O phase change is high, the amount of energy transfer accompanying moisture absorption is large, and the energy transfer may increase accordingly. It is possible even if it is evil, and it is up to the supply and absorption of heat energy to make that possibility a reality. That is, the magnitude of energy transfer is not determined only by the attribute of the moisture absorbing / releasing material.
When considering the energy transfer in the moisture absorbent material from the viewpoint of efficiency, the first thing that can be done is the selection based on the attribute of the moisture absorbent material. The selection is based on "high and low ratio of cooperation between moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change". Furthermore, it is performed by “high or low moisture conductivity (moisture permeability)”.
This opens up the possibility of promoting or suppressing and controlling energy transfer.
One of the problems is that “energy transfer can be suppressed by suppressing the movement of liquefied H 2 O to the side to which thermal energy is supplied”.
Two, "If the heat energy supplied is large, the heat energy can be transmitted through the moisture absorbent material to the opposite side of the moisture absorbent material, thereby promoting energy transfer. ”.
If the supplied thermal energy is not large, the thermal energy does not permeate the moisture absorbing / releasing material and does not necessarily promote energy transfer. Therefore, an object is to “suppress energy transfer by suppressing movement of liquefied H 2 O”.
“In winter, by suppressing the movement of liquefied H2O, it was possible to prevent a decrease in heat insulation performance while suppressing energy transfer. By supplying / absorbing heat energy from the side, the heat insulation performance expressed by the heat reflux rate can be improved by evaporating and dehumidifying. ”
When energy transfer with H2O phase change during moisture absorption proceeds efficiently, and when energy transfer with H2O phase change during vaporization / moisture release proceeds efficiently, energy transfer at the same location (side) If it occurs, it will not lead to energy transfer. This is an example in which energy transfer is suppressed, which leads to an improvement in heat insulation performance representing heat insulation performance.
Controls the creation of heat transfer that is contrary to heat insulation through energy transfer associated with the combination of moisture absorption and release and phase change of H2O without any significant restrictions on the movement of H2O by simple ideas (promotion / suppression) It is possible to prevent the increase of heat loss by suppressing, and further improve the heat insulation performance expressed by the heat reflux rate, and by promoting moisture absorption / cooling from a room with low relative humidity, and vaporizing / releasing moisture outdoors. .
One of the simple contrivances is that the moisture absorption / release material is restricted in terms of moisture permeability to prevent the movement of liquefied H2O. The second is by using a moisture permeable waterproof windproof sheet between the two moisture absorbing / releasing materials to prevent the liquefied H 2 O from moving. The third is that a space is provided between the two moisture absorbing / releasing materials and the movement of liquefied H 2 O is prevented by this space. This different device is effective in suppressing energy transfer from the side where the supplied energy is not large.

Moisture absorption and desorption material, moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet and moisture absorption and desorption material are laminated in three layers, acting in the direction to suppress liquid H2O movement of H2O moving with moisture content pressure difference, suppressing energy transfer In addition, in the form of promoting the energy transfer accompanying the phase change of H2O by solar radiation acquisition of solar thermal energy, the contradictory functions coexist (existing), and the solar heat radiated according to the part to be used is accepted and the phase change of H2O It is an object to be able to control the direction of energy transfer accompanying the heat transfer, improve the heat reflux rate, and favorably manage the moisture content. (Claim 1)
The moisture absorption rate of the moisture absorbing / releasing material (moisture permeability) is less than 1 g / m 2 · h · mmHg, has a daily fluctuation difference, and absorbs the laminated panel that mediates the phase change (liquefaction / vaporization) of H 2 O. Moisture absorption / cooling from indoors and outdoors by moisture release function, vaporization / moisture release by solar thermal energy acquired by solar radiation, widening water pressure difference, promoting reduction of moisture content exceeding daily fluctuation difference, It is an object to be able to recover the moisture absorption capacity beyond the range. (Claim 2)
In addition to controlling the direction of energy transfer associated with the phase change of H2O, the efficiency and amount of energy transfer associated with the phase change of H2O are improved, and the dehumidification / heat insulation effect required in summer and the heat required in winter It is an object to improve the reflux rate more efficiently. (Claim 3)
It has a diurnal difference in a form that is far from the restriction of cooperation with phase change (liquefaction / vaporization) of H2O, and also expands the water pressure difference and exceeds the diurnal difference ensured based on physical properties. It is a problem to be able to recover (claim 4)
The challenge is to be able to control (promote / suppress) the linkage between the movement of H2O and energy in the heat insulation layer. In summer, the effect of dehumidification and heat insulation can be obtained, and in winter, heat loss is prevented from increasing, and heat insulation performance. It is an object to improve. (Claim 5)
It is an object to create heat transfer properties that are contrary to heat insulating properties in the heat insulating layer, and to obtain effects of dehumidification and heat shielding. (Claim 11)
By limiting the moisture absorption / release material used for the heat insulation layer in terms of moisture permeability, the H2O absorbed along with the cold air from the night in the winter passes through the heat insulation layer, and the solar heat during the day before moving to the indoor side. It is an object to obtain solar radiation, evaporate and dehumidify outdoors, prevent an increase in heat loss indoors, and further improve the heat insulation performance expressed by the heat reflux rate. This is also due to the fact that the thermal energy supplied from indoors is overwhelmingly smaller than the solar thermal energy that can be obtained by solar radiation. (Claim 11)
Despite high outdoor humidity compared to indoor humidity, it prevents backflow of moisture, expands the water pressure difference by acquiring solar thermal solar radiation, expands the daily fluctuation, and increases the indoor relative humidity. It is an object of the present invention to improve the moisture absorption capacity beyond the range of fluctuations and to suitably adjust indoor humidity. (Claim 11)
Even if there is a greater humidity difference between indoors and outdoors using artificial means, it is possible to prevent the reverse flow of moisture and to prevent an increase in the dehumidification load of the dehumidifier. Increase the efficiency of moisture absorption / cooling from the inside and outside of the room to increase the efficiency of radiation cooling, etc., absorb moisture from the room with low humidity and cool it, and expand the capacity to absorb solar thermal energy in the daytime, that is, heat insulation The creation of heat transfer that is contrary to the nature can be promoted, and the moisture pressure difference can be secured and expanded by evaporating and dehumidifying to the outdoors in high humidity, while also promoting the movement of H2O and restoring the moisture absorption capacity Further, it is an object to further enhance the dehumidification / heat shielding effect obtained together. (Claim 20)
It is an object of the present invention to prevent permanent deterioration of heat insulation performance at the time of increasing the moisture content and to appropriately manage the moisture content. (Claims 9 and 19)
It has been considered that the reason why the heat conduction increases depending on the moisture content of the moisture-absorbing / releasing material is due to the high heat conduction of H 2 O. (Technical common sense) In addition to the high thermal conductivity of H 2 O, the knowledge that “energy transfer through phase change of H 2 O affects” is obtained. From there, it is an object to suppress heat loss by suppressing energy transfer through phase change.

When using moisture absorbing / releasing materials, it is not possible to properly adjust the humidity of the indoor space using the targeted moisture absorbing / releasing properties unless the moisture absorbing / releasing material can be properly selected based on the difference in moisture absorption characteristics. .
When the moisture absorbing / releasing material is accompanied by liquefaction, the function of moisture desorption changes. Specifically, the relationship between the relative humidity when absorbing moisture and the equilibrium moisture content and the relationship between the relative humidity when releasing moisture and the equilibrium moisture content should be essentially the same. However, when the phenomenon of liquefaction / vaporization is accompanied, the situation changes. In other words, since moisture transfer, which is a concept unrelated to energy transfer, is linked and linked to energy transfer associated with the phase change of H2O, it is necessary to correctly grasp the phenomenon of moisture absorption / release without the concept of energy transfer. Can no longer do. In addition, if the difference between the equilibrium moisture content at the time of moisture absorption and the equilibrium moisture content at the time of moisture release, which increases as the relationship with energy transfer becomes stronger, humidity control using moisture absorption / release characteristics is required. Cannot be suitably performed. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to minimize (decrease) the divergence between the equilibrium moisture content at the time of moisture absorption and the equilibrium moisture content at the time of moisture release under the conditions of the same relative humidity and the same temperature. Furthermore, the problem is to increase the deviation. If it demonstrates in detail, it makes it a subject to be able to select the moisture absorption / release material with the small difference of the daily fluctuation difference of moisture absorption / release, and an annual fluctuation difference. Furthermore, it is an object to ensure a water-containing pressure difference in the moisture absorbing / releasing material. See paragraph 0082 for details on daily and annual fluctuations and water pressure differences.
Relative indoor space generated within 24 hours a day by selecting moisture absorbing / releasing materials with a small difference between daily and yearly fluctuations in moisture absorption / release as interior materials and moisture absorbing / releasing materials with a small water pressure difference Responsibly reacts to changes in humidity, efficiently absorbs and releases moisture, and also ensures a difference in moisture content due to high and low moisture permeability in addition to ensuring a difference in diurnal variation. The moisture absorption ability (beyond fluctuations in relative humidity) can be restored by the moisture, and the humidity adjustment using the moisture absorption / release characteristics (based on the daily fluctuation difference and water content pressure difference) of the moisture absorption / release material is preferably carried out. The challenge is to create a comfortable living space on a daily basis.
Now, even if it is a moisture absorption / release material with a low ratio of moisture absorption / release and the phase change of H2O, a difference is observed between the daily fluctuation difference and the annual fluctuation difference. It is an object to reduce the divergence through absorption of solar thermal energy, that is, energy transfer.
Furthermore, the moisture content of the moisture absorbing / releasing material is reduced and the moisture absorbing capacity of the interior material is restored, exceeding the range of changes in the relative humidity of the indoor space within a day and the equilibrium moisture content of the moisture absorbing / releasing material. Let it be an issue. In other words, it promotes a reduction in moisture content that exceeds the daily fluctuation of interior materials through moisture movement due to the complementary relationship between moisture absorption / release materials and vaporization / moisture release due to the influence of radiant heat from solar heat. The challenge is to expand the pressure difference, realize the recovery of moisture absorption capacity, and realize the enhancement of humidity control capacity and humidity control effect.
It is an object to be able to maintain a humidity control capacity that is beyond the range of change in relative humidity within 24 hours a day and to maintain a comfortable room throughout the summer and to realize a comfortable room throughout the summer.
Those problems are technical level (even if it sees in a long time interval, within the range of change of relative humidity, it absorbs and releases moisture based on the corresponding equilibrium moisture content, and the moisture content of the moisture absorbent material increases and decreases.) Therefore, it is not obvious and cannot be easily conceived. (Novel issue)
Based on the above-mentioned new issues, by using a moisture absorbing / releasing material that has a low ratio of coordination between moisture absorption and liquefaction, it is possible to suitably adjust the humidity of the indoor space using the targeted moisture absorbing / releasing property. Specifically, it is an object to be able to secure a humidity of 70% or less even in summer. Another object of the present invention is to maintain this high humidity control ability throughout the summer season with a simple device.
Furthermore, based on the above-mentioned new problem, while limiting the operation of the dehumidifier only to the night when midnight power can be used, the relative humidity of the indoor space is kept around 60% during the daytime in summer when the dehumidifier is not operated. This is the issue.

While using a heat-insulating material with moisture absorption / release properties in the airtight heat insulating layer on the north side where solar heat cannot be obtained by solar radiation, it is possible to implement moisture content management suitably, and in addition, heat transfer properties that are contrary to heat insulation for moisture absorption / cooling from the inside It is an object of the present invention to obtain an effect of heat shielding by connecting to the latent heat of sensible heat such as solar thermal energy obtained from the outside by creating a room, and to obtain an indoor dehumidifying effect.
The task is to improve efficiency in terms of moisture content management, and to improve the heat shielding efficiency by receiving cold and moisture supply not only indoors but also outdoors.
In response to the increase in cold energy supply from indoors, by suppressing moisture absorption / cooling from the outside at night, the efficiency of moisture absorption / cooling from indoors and the movement of H2O from indoors to the outdoors is improved. The challenge is to increase the dehumidifying effect indoors.
In summer, the dehumidifying effect and heat shielding effect are improved, and in addition, the heat loss due to the movement of cold air from the outside to the indoor through the airtight insulation layer, which is assumed as a risk in winter, is suppressed. Controls the movement of liquefied H2O by cooling from outside, and vaporizes and dehumidifies by obtaining solar heat energy in the daytime, and has a heat insulation performance that exceeds the value of the heat reflux rate that specifically represents the performance of the heat insulating material. Realize and realize the effect of underfloor radiant heating.
While implementing water content management appropriately, in the summer, in response to the increase in the supply of cold energy from the indoor, improve the efficiency of cooling and moisture absorption from the indoor, and improve the efficiency of H2O movement from indoor to outdoor It is an object of the present invention to further improve the indoor dehumidifying effect and heat shielding effect by improving the efficiency of vaporization and moisture release to the outdoors in the daytime.

While taking into account the regional climate characteristics of the season, the natural air conditioning system that incorporates the features of the climate and is part of the air conditioning system, radiation cooling and symbiosis with the environment while using equipment efficiently It is an object of the present invention to provide a highly airtight and highly insulated house with a ventilation function in which various air conditioning systems can be selected according to the preference of residents, up to an air conditioning system capable of realizing the effect of radiant heating.
If the subject of the component of each claim is described.
1. Both water content management in summer and prevention of condensation and heat loss in winter.
2 Use solar thermal energy acquired by solar radiation for moisture content management.
3 Improved heat insulation function in summer and heat insulation performance in winter. Specifically, it achieves a heat insulation performance that is equal to or higher than the numerical value of the heat permeability, which is an attribute of the heat insulating material.
4 Reduces heat loss in winter through an airtight insulation layer.
5. Both moisture content management and efficiency improvement of cooling energy absorption from indoors.
6 Both moisture content management, indoor dehumidification and H2O transfer efficiency improvement.
7 Uses midnight power as a cooling energy source necessary for daytime heat insulation and nighttime dehumidification, reducing running costs and saving energy.
8. Achieves both water content management and stable supply of inexpensive energy, and further achieves a radiant cooling effect in summer and a radiant heating effect in winter with improved energy consumption efficiency.

Even if the moisture absorbing / releasing material absorbs moisture, it is held in a moisture state and released as moisture, no energy transfer occurs. In order for energy transfer to occur, it is necessary to undergo a phase change of liquefaction. Therefore, there arises a problem of processing of heat of condensation generated during liquefaction.
The moisture absorbing / releasing material that mediates the phase change of H2O generates liquid water and heat of condensation by liquefaction, but as an alternative to direct supply / absorption of liquid H2O to the wall, Absorption and absorption of cooling energy are performed in cooperation, and latent heat storage, which is a phase change that leads to condensation heat absorption and water generation in the wall, is important. In addition, the promotion of liquefaction in the heat insulating material depends on the promotion of absorption of cooling energy capable of treating the heat of condensation generated with the liquefaction. However, the liquefaction is slow because the conduction of cooling energy is slow, and it is difficult to promote cooling. Therefore, it is a challenge to achieve efficient latent heat storage. Similarly, interior materials using moisture absorbing / releasing materials perform latent heat cold storage by radiant cooling at night.
In addition, the effect of heat insulation using latent heat can be obtained within the range of the total amount of cooling energy (radiation cooling / geothermal) that has been invested to absorb the heat of condensation generated during liquefaction through phase change.
Providing a means to shield solar thermal energy by stopping the contradictory performance of heat insulation and heat transfer by utilizing the linkage between moisture absorption and release function and energy transfer accompanying H2O phase change (liquefaction / vaporization). This is the issue. It is another object of the present invention to increase the amount of energy transfer that can be used for heat insulation while suppressing an increase in moisture content accompanying moisture absorption.
In contrast to the technical level of absorbing or releasing moisture depending on the difference between the equilibrium moisture content corresponding to the relative humidity and the moisture content of the moisture-absorbing / releasing material, when the moisture absorption is based on latent heat storage accompanied by liquefaction, the relative humidity increases or decreases. It does not have a nature of releasing moisture. When absorbing cool air latently, moisture can be absorbed even when the relative humidity is low, and the cool air absorbs and cools and stores heat latently, but in relation to the technical level, it exceeds the range of relative humidity fluctuations. Can absorb moisture and cool. In other words, it is a challenge to promote efficient latent heat cold storage based on the idea of promoting moisture absorption utilizing cooling energy and “accelerating liquefaction”.
Furthermore, it is important to point out the deterioration of the heat insulating performance when the heat insulating material having moisture absorption / release properties absorbs moisture. That is, moisture absorption to the heat insulating material having moisture absorption / release properties should be avoided from the viewpoint of preventing deterioration of the heat insulating performance.
From there, the challenge is to reduce heat loss through the airtight heat insulation layer, and to improve both the heat insulation function in summer and the heat insulation performance in winter. The objective is to achieve heat insulation performance that is greater than the numerical value.
From there, it is important to maintain a high ratio of the moisture absorption / release and the phase change of H2O in order to maintain heat transfer properties that are contrary to heat insulation while avoiding an increase in moisture content as much as possible. In order to maintain a high ratio of cooperation, it is important to suppress moisture absorption without phase change, one of the issues. One is to efficiently supply and absorb cooling energy during moisture absorption. Promotes liquefaction. Therefore, a heat insulating material (a moisture absorbing / releasing material) that can absorb liquid H 2 O and does not cause condensation is used. That is, it grasps | ascertains the characteristic of the moisture absorption / release material used for a heat insulating material or an interior material, selects and uses it. The standard of the selection is whether the ratio with liquefaction at the time of moisture absorption is high or low. Therefore, it is possible to achieve both moisture content management and efficiency improvement of cooling energy absorption, and while performing moisture content management appropriately, in the summer, increase the efficiency of cooling and moisture absorption in response to the increase in the supply of cold energy. It is an object of the present invention to improve and further enhance the heat shielding effect by utilizing latent heat storage means for cooling energy transfer.
Now, the previous liquefaction means so-called condensation. Condensation has long been avoided as it causes damage to buildings. For that reason, the use of dew condensation as a function requires mental struggle and leap. Samurai, mental struggles / leaps are not enough. Specifically, an increase in the moisture content of the frame including the heat insulating material is inevitable, and it is necessary to pay attention to the harmful effects associated with the increase in the moisture content.
By the way, an increase in the moisture content of the body tends to foster an environment in which mold and decaying fungi can easily grow. In that sense, an increase in moisture content is not always desirable. However, in order to operate and operate the heat shield mechanism efficiently, the moisture content must be maintained at a high level. In other words, it has a contradictory nature. Therefore, while suppressing the increase in the moisture content of the enclosure, that is, while appropriately controlling the moisture content of the enclosure, it is effective to improve the efficiency of moisture absorption / cooling and the efficiency of moisture release / heat absorption, thereby improving the efficiency of the mechanism. Operation and operation is a major issue.
只 Condensation is strongly recognized as something that should be avoided. Therefore, conversely, it is difficult to conceive of a new problem that is newly generated unless the idea is to use condensation = liquefaction as an action. Furthermore, it is difficult to come up with means for solving the problem.
However, by utilizing the liquefaction mediated by the moisture absorbing and releasing material as an action, the cooling energy provided by the air conditioner using radiation cooling, geothermal heat, and midnight power is latently transferred to the latent heat while the moisture content of the enclosure containing the anti-twisting property is suitably controlled In the range of the total amount of cooling energy that is invested to absorb the heat of condensation and to absorb the heat of condensation that occurs when liquefied via phase change. By using the cold storage means to transfer cooling energy, it absorbs solar thermal energy acquired by solar radiation in the daytime, and improves the efficiency of moisture release and heat absorption in the form of latent heat called moisture, and the efficient operation of the heat shield mechanism It is a big issue to plan the operation.

In the airtight heat insulation layer of the high airtightness and high heat insulation house, solar heat energy acquired and stored on the roof and walls is absorbed by the phase change of liquefaction and vaporization of H2O using geothermal and radiative cooling as the energy source. In the form of latent heat, the heat is exhausted to the outside, and the indoor moisture is discharged to the outside by using the difference between the relative humidity inside and outside caused by solar thermal energy and the difference between the equilibrium moisture content and moisture content of the hermetic insulation layer. It is an object to improve indoor air environment by controlling “promoting / suppressing” the exchange of moisture and cold air with the airtight heat insulating layer.
Furthermore, through architectural ingenuity, the moisture transfer efficiency that exceeds the moisture conductivity, which is an attribute of heat insulation, is improved, and in response to the improvement of the efficiency of moisture absorption and cooling on the indoor side, dehumidification and It is an object to improve the efficiency of heat shielding.

The direction of moisture absorption and desorption that absorbs moisture indoors and releases moisture while implementing appropriate management of moisture content when using a heat-insulating material with moisture absorption and desorption properties on the airtight heat insulation layer on the north side where solar thermal energy cannot be obtained by solar radiation It is an object to be able to control the reverse flow of moisture absorption and release from the outside to the inside.
Furthermore, the indoor relative humidity can be kept low compared to the outdoor relative humidity, and with a simple device, moisture can be absorbed from indoors under the conditions of the low relative humidity, and the direction of moisture release to the outdoors can be achieved. The problem is that it can be maintained.

Heat control / dehumidification effect and air conditioner while using cold energy supplied by air conditioner with high COP to control / promote the exchange of moisture / cold air as described in the previous section, and controlling electricity usage in the daytime mainly by midnight power In addition to the effect of reducing the heat of condensation generated by the heat island, the effect of suppressing the formation of heat islands is raised, and then the effect of sensible heat storage is linked to energy conversion to achieve a radiant cooling effect. Further, it is an object to stably realize a radiant cooling effect for 24 hours while reducing running costs by limiting to midnight power.
By using the cooling energy that accompanies the generation of thermal energy that can be used for 24 hour hot water supply for the supply of cold air indoors, the thermal energy generated and discarded during indoor cooling and dehumidification is reduced, It is an object of the present invention to help prevent the heat island and to improve the energy saving performance of the hot water supply system while avoiding the decrease in the energy consumption efficiency of the HP water heater. At the same time, the issue is to achieve both effective use of late-night power.

  A suitable implementation of the roof thermal insulation system (utilization of latent heat) requires sufficient cooling energy that can be absorbed by sufficient thermal insulation and heat transfer. Moreover, in order to realize the effect, as shown in FIG. 2 or 3, it becomes a cost increase factor in terms of structure and energy use. Although the construction cost can be reduced by adopting a structurally simple means as shown in FIG. 1, the solar thermal energy leaking from the heat shielding system and passing through the heat insulating material increases, and the indoor cooling load also increases. Under such circumstances, by devising a combination of a heat shield system and a ventilation system, the solar heat energy that has passed through is efficiently discharged outside the building in the form of sensible heat while carrying out latent heat exhaust heat, It is an object to suppress an increase in daytime cooling load.只 The main purpose of ventilation is to take in fresh air and maintain the oxygen concentration in the room. This purpose is achieved efficiently, and in addition, cooperation with the heat storage system and cooperation with the heat insulation and dehumidification system of the wall are suitably implemented, and in addition to natural energy of geothermal and radiative cooling, midnight power is used. Improve indoor air environment (temperature, humidity, oxygen concentration, etc.) at low cost throughout the winter and summer, and reduce the condensation heat generated during indoor dehumidification to help reduce heat islands. Let it be an issue.

  In realizing a high-efficiency radiant cooling system that utilizes the dehumidifying and heat-insulating functions of the airtight heat insulating layer in summer, the challenge is to balance risk management with an eye toward efficient realization of the radiant heating effect expected in winter To do.

Energy-saving performance of air-conditioning equipment such as air conditioners is increasing, and accordingly, high energy-saving performance is required for houses. Highly airtight and highly insulated houses follow that trend.空調 If air conditioning equipment is used complementarily while effectively utilizing natural energy such as geothermal, radiant cooling, solar heat, etc., it does not necessarily lead to energy saving, and the cooling load and dehumidification load may increase. This leads to an increase in the generation of condensation heat, which leads to the promotion of heat island formation. Therefore, while effectively utilizing natural energy, it does not increase the cooling load or dehumidification load, does not lead to an increase in the generation of condensation heat, and can make use of air conditioning equipment such as air conditioners by pursuing architectural ingenuity to the maximum. Raise new challenges that can be pursued and implemented. Furthermore, it aims at the utilization of late-night power.
In order to solve the problem, we propose a new problem. It is an object to absorb moisture from a side with a low relative humidity, move (conduct) moisture to a side with a high relative humidity via a moisture absorbing / releasing material, and release the moisture. The reverse is also true, and it is an object to prevent reverse flow (intrusion) of moisture from the outdoor side having a high relative humidity to the indoor side having a low relative humidity.
The problem is to suppress the occurrence of condensation in the underfloor space where the relative humidity remains high due to the influence of geothermal heat and there is a high risk of condensation.
In order to achieve the task, it is an object to form a moisture discharge path by ventilation, a moisture discharge path using moisture absorption and release, and a discharge path using the dehumidification function of the air conditioner.

As means for solving the above problems, the present invention has the following configuration.
First, a moisture absorbing / releasing panel comprising a moisture absorbing / releasing material, a moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet, and a moisture absorbing / releasing material.

In the second configuration, the moisture recirculation rate (moisture permeability) of at least one of the moisture absorbing / releasing material (B surface) is less than 1 g / m 2 · h · mmHg, and has a daily fluctuation difference. The moisture absorption / release panel according to claim 1.

3rd composition uses the moisture absorption / release material of the said moisture absorption / release material as a moisture absorption / release material with a high ratio of cooperation with moisture absorption / release and a phase change of H2O. panel.

The fourth configuration is characterized in that one of the moisture absorbing / releasing materials (B surface) uses a moisture absorbing / releasing material having a low ratio of coordination between moisture absorbing / releasing and H2O phase change. Or the moisture absorption / release panel of 3.

The fifth configuration is a roof body / wall body provided with structural members such as foundations, foundations, columns, girders, and beams that structurally support the building shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 or FIG. 3 or FIG. The interior space is composed of the ceiling, inner wall, and floor, the outside air is introduced from the outside of the building, and it is equipped with ventilation means including ventilation that exhausts the air circulated inside the building to the outside of the building. A building that is exposed to solar radiation of energy, summer warm air, and solar thermal energy, wherein the moisture absorbing / releasing panel according to claim 1 is disposed on at least a part of the roof body and / or wall body, and the A side is on the outdoor side. The B side is used indoors, and the moisture absorption and desorption panel absorbs and cools moisture from outside and inside by the moisture absorption and desorption function of the moisture absorption and desorption panel that mediates the phase change (liquefaction / vaporization) of H2O. Vaporizes and evaporates, discharges to the outdoors, and the moisture absorption / release panel excluding the north side Eco housing, characterized in that absorbs solar energy solar radiation acquired, trapped in the form of latent heat of moisture discharged to the outside.

The ecological house according to claim 5, wherein the sixth configuration uses the moisture absorption / release panel according to claim 2 for at least a part of the roof and / or the wall.

The ecological house according to claim 5, wherein the seventh configuration uses the moisture absorption / release panel according to claim 3 for at least a part of the roof and / or the wall.

The ecological house according to claim 5, wherein the eighth configuration uses the moisture absorption / release panel according to claim 4 for at least a part of the roof and / or the wall.

The ecological house according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein the moisture absorption / release panel is used for a roof body and / or a wall body excluding the north side.

In the tenth configuration, the moisture absorbing / releasing panel is used for at least a part of the heat insulating layer of the roof and / or the wall, and at least a part of the heat insulating layer on the outdoor side of the roof vent layer and / or the outside communicates with the outside air. The eco-housing according to claim 5, wherein a ventilation layer is provided.

The structure of the first pick-up consists of structural members of foundations, foundations, pillars, girders and beams that structurally support the building shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 or FIG. 3 or FIG. The interior space is composed of a ceiling, an inner wall and a floor, and a roof ventilation layer and / or an outer ventilation layer that communicates with the outside air is provided on at least a part of the roof body and / or wall body on the east / west / south surface. The building is equipped with a means to ventilate, including ventilation, which introduces outside air and exhausts the air circulated through the room to the outside of the building, and is exposed to geothermal / radiant cooling energy, summer warm air, solar heat energy, At least a part of the heat insulation layer of the roof body and / or wall body on the east / west / south surface has a moisture recirculation rate (moisture permeability) of less than 1 g / m 2 · h · mmHg and has a daily fluctuation difference. The moisture absorption and desorption material is H2O phase change (liquid・ The moisture absorption and desorption function of the moisture absorption and desorption material that mediates vaporization) absorbs and cools moisture from inside and outside, vaporizes and evaporates at room temperature in the daytime in summer, discharges to the outside, and then absorbs and releases except the north side Wet materials absorb solar heat energy acquired by solar radiation, confine them in the form of latent heat called moisture and discharge it outdoors to restore the moisture absorption capacity required for indoor humidity control.

The structure of the first pick-up consists of structural members of foundations, foundations, pillars, girders and beams that structurally support the building shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 or FIG. 3 or FIG. The interior space is composed of the body, the ceiling, the inner wall, and the floor. The ceiling space and / or the inner ventilation layer is opened to the outside air by the openable vents, and the outside air is introduced from outside the building and circulated in the room. The building is equipped with ventilation means including ventilation to discharge air out of the building, and is exposed to geothermal / radiant cooling energy, summer warm air, solar heat solar radiation, and the interior of the roof and / or wall At least a part of the material has a moisture recirculation rate (moisture permeability) of less than 1 g / m 2 · h · mmHg, and uses a moisture absorbing / releasing material having a daily fluctuation difference, and the moisture absorbing / releasing material has a phase change of H 2 O ( Whether it is indoors or outdoors due to the moisture absorbing / releasing function of moisture absorbing / releasing material that mediates liquefaction / vaporization) Absorbs and cools, evaporates and evaporates at room temperature in the daytime in summer, discharges it outdoors, and the moisture-absorbing / releasing material excluding the north side absorbs solar heat energy acquired by solar radiation and forms a form of latent heat called moisture. An eco house characterized by being confined in a room and discharged to the outside, recovering the moisture absorption capacity necessary for indoor humidity control, and ventilating and ventilating.

The structure of the first referral consists of structural members such as foundations, foundations, columns, girders and beams that structurally support the building shown in FIG. 1 or 2 or 3 or 15 or 16, and a roof body or wall provided with a heat insulating layer. The interior space is composed of the body, the ceiling, the inner wall and the floor, has structural strength, the interior and the exterior are separated from each other by the foundation / insulation layer, the outside air is introduced from outside the building, and the air circulated through the interior The building is equipped with ventilation means including ventilation to be discharged outside the building, is exposed to geothermal / radiant cooling energy, summer warm air and solar heat solar radiation, and has humidity control means inside the building. On the indoor side, the ceiling back space and / or the inner ventilation layer and the indoor space are partitioned by at least a part of the interior material on the east / west / south surfaces of the ceiling / inner wall, and the humidity control means includes the ceiling back space and / or the inner side. Touching the air in the ventilation layer and the air in the indoor space, The reflux rate (moisture permeability) is less than 1 g / m 2 · h · mmHg, has a daily fluctuation difference, and is separated from the interior space by an interior material having moisture absorption / release properties and an interior material having moisture absorption / release properties. Complementary cooperation is formed with the moisture absorbing / releasing material other than the interior material in contact with the air in the ceiling space and / or the inner ventilation layer, and at least a part of the interior material uses the moisture absorbing / releasing material, and H2O Moisture absorption and desorption is performed by the moisture absorption and desorption function of the moisture absorption and desorption material that mediates phase change (liquefaction and vaporization). An eco house characterized by being able to expand, promote a reduction in moisture content that exceeds the daily fluctuation, and restore moisture absorption capacity.

The structure of No. IV is the roof / wall with structural members of foundation, foundation, pillar, girder, and beam that structurally support the building shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 or FIG. 3 or FIG. The interior space is composed of the body, the ceiling, the inner wall and the floor, has structural strength, the interior and the exterior are separated from each other by the foundation / insulation layer, the outside air is introduced from outside the building, and the air circulated through the interior The building is equipped with ventilation means including ventilation to be discharged outside the building, is exposed to geothermal / radiant cooling energy, summer warm air and solar heat solar radiation, and has humidity control means inside the building. On the indoor side, at least a part of the ceiling / inner wall is partitioned into at least a part of the ceiling space and / or the inner ventilation layer and the indoor space by an interior material, and the humidity control means includes the air in the ceiling and / or the inner ventilation layer and the indoor space. The moisture reflux rate (moisture permeability) is 1 / M2 · h · mmHg, has a daily fluctuation difference, and is separated from the indoor space by an interior material having moisture absorption / release properties and an interior material having moisture absorption / release properties. The moisture absorbing / releasing material is formed in a complementary relationship with the moisture absorbing / releasing material other than the interior material in contact with the air of the layer, and at least a part of the interior material has a low ratio of the moisture absorbing / releasing and the phase change of H2O. To absorb and cool moisture by the moisture absorbing and releasing function of the moisture absorbing and releasing material that mediates the phase change (liquefaction and vaporization) of H2O, and through the vaporization and moisture release by radiant heat and the movement of moisture by the complementary cooperation, the interior material An eco house characterized by expanding the moisture pressure difference of water, promoting a decrease in moisture content that exceeds the daily fluctuation difference, and restoring moisture absorption capacity.

The configuration of No. 5 is provided with a building ventilation port, a roof ventilation layer and / or an outer ventilation layer, and is opened to the outside air by the building ventilation port or a building ventilation port with a blower fan. , A heat-insulating material having at least moisture-absorbing / releasing properties, and is used for at least a part of the heat-insulating layer constituting the roof body and / or the wall body, and the heat-insulating layer having moisture-absorbing / releasing properties is a phase change of H2O (liquefaction It absorbs and cools moisture from inside and outside by the moisture absorption / release function of the heat insulating material that mediates (vaporization), vaporizes and evaporates at room temperature in the daytime in summer, discharges it to the outside, and the heat insulation layer excluding the north side is also exposed to solar radiation The eco-house according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the solar heat energy acquired is absorbed, confined in a form of latent heat called moisture, and discharged outdoors.

In the sixth aspect, the underfloor space partitioned from the indoor space by the floor, the inner ventilation layer and the ceiling back space communicate with each other, and either the inner ventilation layer or the ceiling back space communicates with the indoor space through a communication port. The outside of the building and the indoor space are connected by an exhaust communication pipe, the outside of the building and the underfloor space are connected by an air supply communication pipe, and the exhaust communication pipe and the air supply communication pipe have an air blowing function. Communicating with a total heat exchange ventilation fan, connecting one end of the exhaust communication pipe to each room including a toilet, a bathroom, and a closet to exhaust outside the building, and taking in outside air through the air supply communication pipe The eco-housing according to claim 10, 11, or 15.

In the seventh aspect, the roof ventilation layer and / or the outer ventilation layer installed on the outdoor side of the heat insulation layer communicate with the back space and / or the inner ventilation layer, and the collected solar thermal energy is transferred to the north ceiling. The eco-house according to any one of claims 12 to 15, wherein the eco-house is circulated and radiated to the under-floor space together with air descending through the back space and the inner ventilation layer, and heat is stored in the soil concrete.

The structure of No. 8 is that the space behind the ceiling and / or the inner ventilation layer is partitioned from the indoor space by the inner wall / ceiling, and the roof ventilation layer and / or the outer ventilation layer installed on the outdoor side of the heat insulation layer are the ceiling space and The solar thermal energy collected and / or communicated with the inner ventilation layer is circulated and radiated to the underfloor space together with the air descending through the ceiling space on the north side and the inner ventilation layer, and stored in the soil concrete. Item 12. The eco-housing according to item 10 or 11.

The eco house according to claim 11, 12 or 13, wherein the moisture absorbing / releasing material is used for a roof body and / or a wall body excluding the north side.

The eco-housing according to claim 11 or 12, wherein in the configuration of picking up the first pot, the moisture-absorbing / releasing material is a moisture-absorbing / releasing material having a high ratio of cooperation between moisture-absorbing / releasing and H2O phase change.

The moisture absorbing / releasing means can be obtained by using a solid material / gathered material having moisture absorbing / releasing properties for a structural material such as a pillar, foundation, beam, girder, and stud. Moreover, it is obtained by the structure using the heat insulating material which comprises moisture absorption / release property to a heat insulation layer. It can also be obtained by using an interior material having moisture absorption / release properties on the ceiling, inner wall and floor. Further, it can be obtained by using a hygroscopic substance such as silica gel or charcoal in any of the flow paths of the ceiling back space, the inner ventilation layer, and the underfloor space. Alternatively, the moisture absorbing means can be obtained by a configuration using a dehumidifying device.
The moisture absorbing / releasing means is obtained by a configuration that controls the direction of moisture absorption / moisture release and holds H 2 O. Furthermore, the structure which controls the movement of energy and the movement of H2O can be obtained by the structure which controls (promotes / suppresses) the creation of heat transfer that is contrary to the heat insulation.
A heat storage means is obtained by the structure which heat-stores in a housing | casing, and thermally radiates from a housing | casing, and becomes a sensible heat storage means with the energy conversion to the generation | occurrence | production means of a radiant heat. Heat storage in the frame depends on structural materials, interior materials, heat insulating materials, foundation soil concrete, etc. Moreover, it becomes a latent heat storage (cold) means by the cooperation between moisture absorption during the heat storage (cold) and phase change of liquefaction. Further, it can be obtained by a structure that stores and dissipates heat by phase change of solidification / melting.
As a heat storage material that constitutes a heat storage body and causes phase change, calcium chloride hexahydrate, sodium sulfate 10 hydrate, and the like are known. Since the heat storage material becomes a liquid at a temperature equal to or higher than the melting temperature, the heat storage material is sealed in a heat-conductive airtight container to constitute a heat storage body.
Since the heat storage body is supplied with energy from the convective energy released from the air conditioner, it is desirable to install it in the underfloor space or the ceiling space where the air conditioner is installed. In addition, a clearance is secured above and below the heat storage body during installation. However, when using soil concrete or underground as a heat storage layer, lay it on the soil concrete.
Midnight hours vary depending on the contract with each power company. The popular time zone is a content that can be used from 22:00 at night to 8:00 the next morning. In addition, the charges for the daytime hours in summer are set high. Compared to late-night charges, it is almost five times higher.
In addition, since the heat storage heater serves as both energy supply means and heat storage means, a heating system using midnight power can be simply implemented. Although it is a common usage to install indoors, there is a way to obtain an underfloor radiant heating effect by installing the apparatus in an underfloor space. The key to whether or not the effect can be realized is high heat insulation and airtightness, stable distribution and supply of energy through the wall, and heat storage in the housing.
Now, geothermal, radiant cooling, solar heat, and warm air that intervene in heat storage and heat dissipation wait for a configuration that acts to induce phase change. Specifically, the heat-insulating layer that absorbs and releases moisture absorbs and absorbs moisture from inside and outside by the moisture absorbing and releasing function of the heat insulating material that mediates the phase change (liquefaction / vaporization) of H2O. Vaporizes and evaporates and discharges to the outside, and the heat insulation layer except for the north side absorbs solar thermal energy acquired by solar radiation, traps it in the form of latent heat called moisture, and discharges it to the outside.

The wall base material is composed of pillars, foundations, girders, and studs (solid or laminated materials). The cedar board, siding board, or plaster board base that is provided has a diatomaceous earth finish. Although it is not necessary to construct all inner walls with moisture absorbing / releasing material, it is constructed over as much area as possible so that moisture can be exchanged between the room and the ceiling space and / or the inner ventilation layer. To do. It is also possible to use a steel frame material when the structure material does not require moisture absorption and desorption.
Cedar board as a moisture absorbing / releasing material has high moisture absorption and water retention capacity.只, the ability to penetrate moisture is not high. However, solid wood has a moisture permeation capacity of 10% or more compared to the grid surface. Therefore, a groove is cut into the surface of the plate material. By engraving, it is possible to increase the hygroscopic capacity of the whole cedar board by utilizing the high hygroscopic capacity from the end of the cedar, and to improve the speed of moisture permeation.
In addition, it is not certain whether plasterboards will enter the category of moisture absorption / release with a low ratio of moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change. Is carried out smoothly and can be used as a moisture absorbing / releasing material having a low ratio of coexistence between moisture absorbing / releasing and H2O phase change.

(1) Regarding the construction of a single layer of heat insulating material in the outer heat insulating method.
A plate-like heat insulating material is laminated on the outside of the shaft assembly, and the joints between the plate-like heat insulating materials are in close contact with each other with an airtight tape to ensure airtightness. The outer wall ventilation layer is completed when the outer wall is constructed by hitting the trunk edge at the position of the pillar / intermediate column. Further, a moisture-proof sheet having a high moisture permeability resistance is laminated on the indoor side of the plate-like heat insulating material, or a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet having a low moisture permeability resistance is laminated on the outdoor side. In addition, if the joint part of a heat insulating material and a heat insulating material is pasted together, what airtightness can be improved easily.
The heat insulating layer of the roof body can be formed and constructed by the same procedure as that of the heat insulating layer of the wall body in the case of a single layer structure of plate-like heat insulating materials.
(2) When installing in a two-layer structure with external insulation.
When the heat insulating material of the heat insulating layer is two layers, the heat insulating material of the first layer is arranged between the pillars and the pillars, and an airtight tape is used to ensure airtightness between the heat insulating material and the pillars, foundations and girders. In addition, the whole is surrounded by a moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet to improve airtightness. Finally, a second layer of heat insulating material is arranged outside the pillar to form a three-layer laminated structure. Further, the joint between the second layers of heat insulating materials is sealed with an airtight tape. The second-layer insulation serves to protect the first-layer airtight sheet from the heat and cold from the outside, and contributes to maintaining long-term performance by increasing durability. Note that a first-layer heat insulating material may be disposed outside the pillar, and a second-layer heat insulating material may be laminated on the outside thereof. In that case, care should be taken so that the first layer joint and the second layer joint (joint) do not overlap.
Two layers are also used when a solid material such as cedar board or a laminated material is used on the inside, and a heat insulating material with moisture absorption / release properties such as calcium silicate material or a heat insulation material without moisture absorption / release properties (synthetic resin system) is used on the outside. Or it is set as the laminated structure of three layers which added the moisture-permeable windproof waterproof sheet. The inner solid material is stretched between the columns or outside the columns. When the so-called Itakura structure is made, it is constructed by a known method, and the outer heat insulating material can be stretched between the columns. Further, a plywood may be used instead of the solid material inside. Furthermore, a plywood can be used on the outer side to form a structural panel having structural strength. The inner plywood can have a decorative finish, or the cedar board can also serve as an interior material and can be used as a manifestation.
The outer wall is often sprayed or tiled on a mortar base, or plate-finished or siding-finished on a body edge.
The outer wall base material is composed of a rim body, and constitutes an outer ventilation layer depending on the kind of the heat insulating layer and the outer wall.
As for the heat insulation layer that separates the ceiling space from the roof ventilation layer or the attic space, if the heat insulation material is made into two layers, a laminated structure of three layers with a moisture-permeable windproof waterproof sheet sandwiched between them and the same procedure as the wall body It can implement suitably if comprised.
Now, in the wooden frame construction method, dimensioning has been carried out by the penetrating method for a long time. Accordingly, boards for interior materials, boards for exterior materials, heat insulating materials, etc. are processed and cut in units of 910 mm at the time of shipment from the factory. And by adopting the dimensioning, it is possible to minimize labor and material loss during construction at individual construction sites.
By the way, as shown in FIG. 9, the two-layer heat insulating material of the wall body has different dimensions at the time of construction. Therefore, even if a meter module is adopted for the dimension between the pillars or a 910 mm module of the shank method is adopted, it cannot be used at the time of construction unless it is cut and processed on site.
When cutting and processing, synthetic resin board-like heat insulating material can be made relatively easy on site. On the other hand, calcium silicate-based board-like insulation is relatively difficult to handle at the time of cutting and processing on site. Along with this, material loss and labor loss also increase. It becomes an obstacle in pursuing construction efficiency.
Now, the dimension between adjacent pillars shown in FIG. Then, if the corner of the pillar is cut out by 15 mm, and both edges of the heat insulating material are fitted and pasted into the notched portion between the pillars, the dimension becomes 910 mm, and the factory is shipped by the 910 mm module of the shank method The used materials can be used and constructed as they are without being processed on site. And the heat insulating material stuck on the outer side of a pillar can be used as it is, without processing the material shipped to the factory by the meter module on the spot. Accordingly, the number of work processes is reduced on site, and the efficiency of construction is improved. By the way, there are two types of board sizes, 1000 × 2000 and 910 × 1820.

In the heat insulating layer of the roof body, when the heat insulating panel according to claim 4 is constructed, a plate material such as a cedar board is attached to the rafter. A plate-like heat insulating material is constructed on the outdoor side in the same procedure as the wall body. In addition, when a roof material is constructed using a ventilation rafter instead of the trunk edge, a roof ventilation layer is formed. Moreover, board materials, such as a cedar board, can serve as a rafter. Moreover, a moisture-permeable windproof waterproof sheet may be sandwiched between a plate material such as a cedar board and a plate-like heat insulating material to form a three-layer laminated structure. If this cedar board is also used as a ceiling interior material, the ceiling and ceiling base material can be omitted, and the construction process can be simplified.
(3) Concerning construction by in-situ foaming of insulation.
The outer wall material is laminated with a weak heat conductive member interposed between the pillars. A continuous resin-based heat insulation layer is formed and constructed on the back surface of the outer wall material by spraying on-site from the indoor side. If the outer wall material to be sprayed directly is replaced with plywood, a structural bearing wall can be realized at the same time, bracing is omitted, and the construction process can be simplified. Further, if a body edge / outer wall material is used on the outer side, an outer ventilation layer can be formed.
The heat insulation layer of the roof body is first attached to the base support material inside the roof base material by affixing a single net away from the roof base material, and performing on-site resin foaming on the net, and air between the roof base material. Layers can be formed simultaneously. Alternatively, a resin-based heat insulation layer is formed and applied to the roof base material from the indoor side by on-site spray foaming. In addition, a continuous resin-based heat insulating layer can be formed by interposing a weak heat conductive member in the same manner as the heat insulating layer of the wall.

When using a cellulose fiber having moisture absorption / release properties as a heat insulating material for forming a heat insulating layer, it is generally suitable for construction of internal heat insulation. As a wall body construction method, a moisture-permeable windproof waterproof sheet is stretched on the outside of a pillar, and a heat insulating board (plywood can also have strength) is laminated on the outside. A special moisture-permeable sheet is stretched on the inside, and cellulose fibers are blown to fill the gaps between them. The interior material is laminated and stretched on the indoor side. In addition, the heat insulation board plays not only a role as a heat insulating material but also a role of a structural bearing wall. Therefore, when a heat insulating board is not used, a structural bearing wall is formed using braces. Further, if a heat insulating board that does not have moisture absorption / release properties is used instead of the heat insulating board having moisture absorption / release properties, it corresponds to the heat insulation laminate B described in Paragraph 0072. Alternatively, since the heat insulation performance of the plaster board is added when calculating the heat reflux rate of the wall, when using the plaster board as an interior material, the heat insulating material with moisture absorption and desorption, the moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet and the moisture absorption and desorption property are provided. This is an example of a three-layer laminated structure with the heat insulating material provided.
The ceiling part can be easily constructed by blowing cellulose fiber instead of the ceiling material as a base, and a heat insulating layer laminated on the interior material can be easily constructed. In addition, when forming a heat insulation layer along a roof gradient, it constructs according to the heat insulation layer of a wall body using the moisture-permeable sheet | seat used for the wall.
In addition, in the case of the inner heat insulation and the present construction method, the ventilation layer cannot be secured. Therefore, it is also possible to provide a gap between the ceiling material or the inner wall material and the heat insulating layer and to serve as a ventilation layer.

The ceiling base material is composed of structural materials such as girders and rafters. In the case of the ceiling interior material, the heat insulating layer of the roof body is also used. The ceiling that forms the space behind the ceiling or the heat insulation layer laminated on the heat insulation layer is an interior material using natural materials such as paulownia board that has moisture absorption / release properties on both sides, or materials that have similar moisture absorption / release properties And Although it is not necessary to construct all the ceiling surfaces with moisture absorbing / releasing material, it will be constructed over as much area as possible so that moisture can be exchanged between the indoor space and the heat insulation layer.
When suitable management of the dehumidifying load depends on the function of the heat insulating layer composed of the heat insulating panel, the interior material used for the inner wall and ceiling has moisture absorption and desorption. Ratio of cooperation between moisture absorption and desorption and H2O phase change Low interior materials may be used. It should be noted that the interior material with a low ratio between the moisture absorption and release and the phase change of H2O has the conventional relative humidity, moisture content, and equilibrium moisture content for controlling the direction of moisture absorption and release and the direction of moisture conduction. Can be implemented by technology.
As the flooring material, a flooring material having a low cooperation ratio between moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change is used. Specifically, solid board materials such as cedar thick board material and cocoon material, or laminates of moisture-permeable plywood, etc., and securing a thickness of 25 to 30 mm is advantageous in terms of resistance to heavy objects. Note that a moisture-permeable plywood may be used as the base material, and woven carpets may be laminated.

The heat loss coefficient (Q value) that combines the performance of these building materials exceeds the standards for next-generation energy-saving houses. Furthermore, the gap equivalent area (C value) is less than 1.0.
Opening windows that bring brightness into the building provides a means of ventilation and ventilation. Depending on the climatic conditions of the area, the outside air (cold air) whose temperature has decreased due to radiative cooling at night in summer can be taken into the building by ventilation. In a highly airtight building, a 24-hour ventilation system is a necessity, but cold air can be taken in through the ventilation system.
A simple method of the ventilation system is that if the air in the indoor space is forcibly exhausted, fresh outside air can flow into the indoor space that has become a negative pressure, so that the air can be naturally ventilated. The same effect can be obtained by using a kitchen ventilation fan. Furthermore, if the air supply / exhaust is forcibly performed, the efficiency of ventilation increases.

Specific materials, configurations, and the like representing the functions and characteristics of the heat insulating material used for the heat insulating panel and the heat insulating layer / hermetic heat insulating layer are shown below.
A: Heat insulating material having moisture absorption / release function -1 Single-layer or double-layer structure of calcium silicate main component (such as Humilite) -2 Insulation board + single-layer or double-layer structure of moisture-permeable heat insulating board -3 Cellulose fiber + One-layer or two-layer structure B of moisture-permeable heat insulating board B: heat insulating material not having a moisture absorbing / releasing function + heat insulating material having a moisture absorbing / releasing function -1 two-layer structure of plastic heat insulating material + insulation board C: absorption / release Insulation without moisture function (insulation with high moisture resistance)
-1 Single-layer structure or two-layer structure of plastic (synthetic resin) heat insulating material As long as equivalent performance is provided, it is not limited to the above materials.

Next, examples of suitable combinations of heat insulating materials by region, regional climatic characteristics, and purpose will be described.
Wall (north side) Wall (others) Ceiling / Roof (I) C CA
(B) C B A
(C) C A A
(2) A A A
(E) B A A
(F) B B A
(G) CAB
(H) CAC
(L) A A B
(Nu) A A C
(Le) B A C
(Wo) B A B
(W) C C B
(F) C B B
(Yo) B B B
(Ta) C B C
(Le) B B C
(So) C CC

A: Among the heat insulating materials having moisture absorption / release functions, they are classified into two types according to the difference in function.
X: heat insulating material capable of absorbing both gaseous H2O and liquid H2O
Representative examples: Main component of calcium silicate (humilite, etc.), earth wall material Y: heat insulating material that can absorb only gaseous H2O
Representative example Cedar solid board As a moisture-permeable windproof waterproof sheet, tyvek (trade name) made of ultra-fine polyethylene fiber having a different function is widely used, such as being permeable to moisture but having waterproof properties. Moreover, a moisture-permeable windproof waterproof sheet (trade name, Tyvek / House Wrap) having a heat-shielding function that reflects sensible heat is also sold and used. If this is used, the penetration of thermal energy at the sheet will be blocked, and the supply of kinetic energy necessary for vaporization will be affected (decreased). Therefore, if the heat shielding property is utilized, vaporization / moisture release can be controlled, and the direction of moisture movement can be controlled therefrom. This represents an effect in efficiently managing the dehumidifying load. On the other hand, when using a moisture-permeable windproof waterproof sheet with low heat-shielding performance for a heat-insulating panel with a three-layer structure consisting of a moisture-absorbing and releasing material with a high ratio of co-absorption between moisture absorption and release and H2O phase change, It is possible to promote the creation of heat conductivity contrary to the above, and to obtain a function that can lead to suitable management of the dehumidifying load.
Among the above combinations, when the heat insulating layer is formed into a three-layer laminated heat insulating panel by using a moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet, the heat insulating material A can be selected from three types of superpositions of X + X, X + Y, and Y + Y. Moreover, six types of laminated structures are possible depending on whether or not a heat-insulating function is required for the moisture-permeable and wind-proof waterproof sheet. ８ Eight types of laminated structures are possible, taking into account indoors and outdoors. In addition, it is not limited to said representative example, If it has the equivalent performance, various heat insulating materials and a moisture-permeable windproof waterproof sheet can be used.
It is important to consider local climatic conditions when choosing. The superposition of X + X can increase the efficiency of moisture absorption / cooling from the inside and outside depending on the attribute of the heat insulating material, and thus contributes to increasing the efficiency of heat insulation / dehumidification in summer.只 Under the climatic conditions below the freezing point in winter, if X is used, there is a possibility of passing through condensation and freezing. On the downside, there is concern about the effect of H2O expansion during freezing. Durability may be hindered during repeated freezing and thawing. Therefore, if the superposition of X on the indoor side and Y on the outdoor side is adopted, the mutual advantages can be utilized and the disadvantages can be reduced.
The cellulose fiber described in A-3 is generally known as a heat insulating material that hardly causes liquefaction in a moisture-absorbed state. Therefore, in a normal use example, it is included in a heat insulating material having Y characteristics. It is unclear whether it has X or Y characteristics because it has hydrophilic properties. Note that earthen walls that have been used in buildings for a long time can be handled as materials having X characteristics. However, although it is difficult to use alone, it is difficult to improve the heat insulation performance by taking advantage of it, and the latent heat type heat storage performance can be utilized.

Insulation performance expressed in terms of heat transmissibility relates to the transfer of thermal energy from a warm space to a cold space, and is important for building countermeasures against the cold in winter, and is useful for expressing the insulation performance numerically. It is.
When the moisture absorbing / releasing material is used as a heat insulating material, a phenomenon in which the heat insulating performance is reduced with the absorption of H 2 O is observed. The more H2O is contained, the lower the heat reflux rate of the heat insulating material. Therefore, the necessity to prevent the moisture content of the heat insulating material from increasing belongs to common technical knowledge. (Refer to the latter part of the opinion paragraph 0008 of Patent Document 4)
Contrary to technical common sense, even if moisture absorption to the heat insulating material is promoted and the moisture content rises, a simple device is added to suppress the creation of heat transfer that is contrary to heat insulation, and as necessary. It is possible to promote the creation of heat transfer that is contrary to heat insulation. That is, a decrease in the heat reflux rate of the heat insulating material is prevented, and further, the heat reflux rate is improved. And it leads to the improvement of a dehumidification load and suitable water content management in addition to a heating load, promoting or suppressing the movement of H2O.
Based on the common general technical knowledge that prevents the moisture content of the heat-insulating material having the moisture absorption / release properties described above from increasing, it has a great influence on the idea of the means including the idea and action of the problem as well as the aversion to liquefaction. .
Now, in terms of constructing countermeasures for summer heat, it is not uniform compared to the contribution of winter. It comes from the amount of solar thermal energy that is acquired during the summer. Specifically, even if the heat insulation performance expressed by the heat transmissivity is high, part of the heat insulation performance is not reflected, no heat transfer is performed, and stays in the heat insulating material. The amount of solar thermal energy acquired by solar radiation in the summer is enormous, and even if some of it stays in the heat insulating material, the effect is great. Specifically, the heat energy accumulated and accumulated in the heat insulating material affects the indoor thermal environment in the form of radiant heat energy. The effect of so-called radiant heat is different compared to convective heat energy. The effect of radiant heat from heat insulation continues even after sunset of the sun, which is the heat source.Furthermore, even if cooling energy is supplied in the form of convection heat energy by an air conditioner, heat insulation that is difficult to transfer is targeted, so the cooling effect It takes time to get out. In other words, even if the heat insulation performance is high, the generation of radiant heat energy cannot be prevented, so that the influence on the indoor thermal environment continues even after sunset.
After all, in the construction of summer heat countermeasures, even if it depends only on the heat insulation performance represented by the heat return rate, it can not secure the performance required in summer, so it has means to absorb or reflect solar thermal energy There is a need. In other words, it is a method of heat insulation by absorbing and reflecting solar thermal energy to suppress the generation and influence of radiant thermal energy. Hereinafter, this method is referred to as heat insulation.

In the conventional technology, whether the heat insulating material having moisture absorption / release properties is used for the heat insulating layer or the heat insulating material not having moisture absorption / release properties is used, how efficiently the solar thermal energy acquired by solar radiation is efficiently exhausted. It is an issue. It is also exhaust heat in the form of sensible heat.
In contrast, the exhaust heat in the form of sensible heat is not denied, but conversely, solar thermal energy is utilized as part of the action. Similarly, with respect to the dew condensation that occurs on the wall or the like, it has conventionally been regarded as a major problem to be prevented. Here, conversely, condensation is utilized as part of the action. Moreover, while this condensation and latent heat exhaust heat are independent of each other, the complementary cooperation between the two spaces separated by the heat insulating layer, and the phase of moisture absorption and desorption and H2O under normal temperature and normal pressure. The idea of the present invention is unique in that it finds an opportunity to link the change and the intersection of these two linkages, and to find an opportunity to reverse the contradictory properties of heat insulation and heat transfer. Furthermore, the energy transfer by the conventional phase change has attracted attention for the change from liquid H2O to gaseous H2O at room temperature and the use of heat of vaporization. Here, we can go further, acquire kinetic energy from solar thermal energy as radiant thermal energy, use it as phase change (vaporization) energy, and confine solar thermal energy in the form of latent heat called moisture. It is epoch-making in that it can be controlled (promoted) depending on the possibility, and can be connected to indoor humidity control through liquefaction on the indoor side.
Now, in order to supply and use the cooling energy that absorbs solar heat energy acquired by solar radiation from the inside through the heat insulation layer, it is necessary to ensure heat conductivity in the heat insulating material.只 The heat conductivity is contrary to and inconsistent with the thermal insulation required in winter. This invention blocks solar thermal energy by heat insulation performance required in winter, absorbs solar thermal energy by heat transfer performance, lifts the contradictory functions of heat insulation and heat transfer, and enhances the heat shield function. . In addition, an indoor dehumidifying effect can be obtained. Furthermore, in winter, the influence of the cold air at night is mitigated by obtaining solar heat energy during the daytime to enhance the heat insulation function.
Complementary cooperation between the two spaces separated by the heat insulation layer is indispensable for utilizing solar thermal energy as part of the action. Furthermore, if the direction of moisture transfer and the direction of energy transfer that occur in the heat insulating layer cannot be controlled, a suitable temperature and humidity cannot be realized, and if they are reversed, energy loss is caused. Specifically, even if indoor humidity is removed, moisture intrudes from the outside through a heat insulating layer, which hinders significant improvement in indoor humidity. Moreover, the dehumidifying load increases. In winter, the indoor air is heated while the outdoor air is attracted, resulting in energy loss.
Summarizing the control (promotion and suppression) of complementary cooperation on moisture transfer,
“Complementary cooperation that promotes moisture absorption and release that mediates phase change in the intended direction” is provided with cooling energy on the indoor side, promotes moisture absorption by increasing relative humidity and promoting phase change (liquefaction), and on the outdoor side. Solar thermal energy acquired by solar radiation and fan operation, moisture release (relative to equilibrium moisture content, supply of kinetic energy) and relative humidity reduction, phase change (vaporization) promotion, and moisture release by suppressing atmospheric pressure rise or inducing atmospheric pressure drop ( The relationship between the atmospheric pressure and the boiling point is promoted, and the pressure of H2O movement in the hermetic heat insulating layer is directed and maintained. It is to be noted that the heat absorption and release function and the phase change of H2O produce heat transfer that is contrary to heat insulation, so that solar thermal energy can be absorbed in the form of latent heat called moisture and discharged outside the building.
The “complementary cooperation that suppresses the direction not intended to absorb and release moisture that mediates phase change” is maintained by supplying cooling energy on the indoor side and stopping the fan on the outdoor side.
Now, the energy used for cooling is called cold energy, and the words cold storage, cooling, and cold are used. The energy used for heating is called warm energy, and the terms heat storage, warming and warming are used. Note that heat storage means both heat storage and cold storage, and heat dissipation means both warming and cooling.

Now, cooling energy is supplied from the indoor side to the airtight heat insulating layer through the flow path of the inner ventilation layer / ceiling space. The cooling energy is utilized for the control of liquefaction and moisture absorption of H2O on the indoor side, and the solar thermal energy is utilized for the control of vaporization and moisture release of H2O on the outdoor side. And the heat transfer property in an airtight heat insulation layer is ensured by cooperation with moisture absorption / release and energy transfer accompanying the phase change of H2O. Due to its thermal conductivity, the cooling energy supplied indoors can be transferred through the airtight insulation layer, and then used to absorb solar thermal energy on the outdoor side. Furthermore, the problem of efficient exhaust heat of solar thermal energy is addressed by a novel means for exhausting heat in the form of latent heat of moisture.
By the way, as can be seen from the above, the direction of energy heat transfer and the direction of moisture absorption / release due to the indoor supply of cooling energy are promoted in the same direction together with the solar radiation acquisition of solar heat outdoors. Therefore, the cooperation between the energy transfer associated with the phase change of H 2 O and the moisture absorption / release function is suitably maintained, and the energy transfer in the airtight heat insulating layer utilizing the moisture absorption / release becomes possible.

The heat insulating material having moisture absorption / release properties can be divided into two according to the characteristics of moisture absorption. One absorbs in the H2O liquid state and can also be absorbed in the moisture state. One is not able to absorb in the H2O liquid state, but can be absorbed in the H2O vaporized state. The former example is a heat insulating material mainly composed of calcium silicate. An example of the latter is cedar board, which is a typical natural material.
When referring to the relationship with latent heat storage that is energy transfer, the former example can absorb in the H2O liquid state, so if the efficiency of absorption of cold air is increased immediately before moisture absorption and saturation is reached, liquefaction is promoted, Absorbed in a liquid state. It is an example of latent heat cold storage. In addition, the relationship between the relative humidity in the air and the moisture content of the material affects the moisture absorption / release in the moisture state. That is, if the temperature in the air is lowered, the relative humidity increases and a deviation from the equilibrium moisture content occurs, and moisture absorption is promoted accordingly. On the other hand, if the temperature in the air rises, the relative humidity decreases, causing a deviation from the equilibrium moisture content, and moisture release is promoted accordingly. When a phase change called liquefaction occurs during this moisture absorption / release process, heat of condensation is also generated. By absorbing this heat of condensation, latent heat can be stored. In latent heat storage, cooling energy is input to liquefy moisture, and phase change is accompanied.
As shown in the former example, the use of a heat insulating material made of a material that can be absorbed even in a liquid state of H2O is suitable for using the two types of latent heat storage means for cooling energy transfer.
Now, in general, the boiling point of H2O is 100 ° C. under 1 atm. If the efficiency of kinetic energy absorption is increased by the inclusion of a porous substance, vaporization, which is a phase change from a liquid to a gas, occurs at a room temperature of about 30 ° C. under 1 atm. Specifically, when 1 liter of 30 ° C. water vaporizes, it takes 588 kilocalories from the surroundings. This is the cooling energy of the heat of vaporization.
Expressing this from the perspective of moisture absorption and desorption, it is moisture desorption with phase change. The heat insulating material having moisture absorption / release properties that mediates the phase change of H2O, combined with the two types of latent heat storage means, generates liquid water and condensation heat by liquefaction and generates water vapor ( Moisture) and heat of vaporization. However, when the moisture absorption / release rate is accompanied by a phase change, the moisture release rate is inferior to moisture absorption. Therefore, the moisture content stays high without solar radiation acquisition. So solar heat is indispensable for moisture content management.
In the case of moisture release without phase change, the moisture state is maintained and released as it is. Usually, this is part of the moisture release due to changes in relative humidity. Even when the phase changes, if the required amount of kinetic energy is supplied inside the heat insulating material to cause vaporization, the surface of the moisture absorbing / releasing material can be dehumidified according to the change in relative humidity.
Note that, as described above, even when solar radiation cannot be obtained at 1 atm and 30 ° C., the cooling energy can be used by the phase change (vaporization) of H 2 O through the moisture absorbing / releasing material. In the meantime, a cooling effect appears around under the influence of the heat of vaporization, and if the temperature drops, the phase change will not continue as it is. On the other hand, if solar heat energy can be obtained by solar radiation, kinetic energy can be directly and continuously supplied to the airtight heat insulating layer due to the effect of radiant heat energy. So the phase change persists. Considering the presence or absence of such effects, the specifications for the airtight heat insulation layer on the north side will be changed.

While being insulated, it ensures “heat transfer means through the combination of moisture absorption and desorption and phase change of H2O”, and absorbs and exhausts solar thermal energy in areas isolated by cooling energy supply indoors. Can be controlled.
By the way, when two types of moisture absorption are promoted, the moisture content in the heat insulating material increases. Further, in order to maintain the pressure for moving the hermetic heat insulating layer, the moisture content on the indoor side has to remain high.只 If the moisture content is too high, it may cause harmful effects. Therefore, in order to maintain the heat transfer property contrary to the heat insulating property while avoiding an increase in the moisture content as much as possible, it is important to maintain a high ratio of the moisture absorption / release and the phase change of H2O. In order to maintain the “cooperation ratio” at a high level, it is important to suppress moisture absorption without phase change, and this is an issue. First, cooling energy is efficiently supplied and absorbed during moisture absorption. And promote liquefaction. Therefore, a heat insulating material that can absorb liquid H 2 O and does not cause condensation is used. Furthermore, if liquefaction is achieved by absorbing cooling energy after absorbing moisture, the ratio of cooperation increases.
Now, if the airtightness is enhanced among the airtightness and heat insulating properties constituting the isolation, it is possible to prevent the intrusion of moisture into the room. It leads to a reduction in the amount of moisture to be absorbed, and represents an effect of increasing the “cooperation ratio” between moisture absorption / release and H 2 O phase change with respect to the cooling energy supply. Therefore, the latent heat cold storage means can be effectively used while considering the suppression of the moisture content increase. In calculating the moisture content, the ratio of gaseous / liquid H2O retained by the moisture-absorbing / releasing material is not taken into account, and is calculated by the weight ratio of retained H2O.

Now, even if moisture absorption is promoted by the difference between the relative humidity and the equilibrium moisture content and the moisture content is increased, this does not immediately lead to the promotion of phase change (liquefaction) in the heat insulating material. The promotion of liquefaction depends on the promotion of absorption of cooling energy capable of treating the heat of condensation generated with liquefaction. However, the heat insulating material has a low ability to conduct cooling energy inside due to its heat insulating property. That is, liquefaction is slow as the conduction of cooling energy is slow. Even if latent heat storage is attempted, the efficiency is not good. Then, even if the supply of cooling energy is increased, it is difficult to promote cooling. Therefore, it is a challenge to achieve efficient latent heat storage.
If we understand the above in relation to the process of latent heat cold storage, using a heat insulating material with the characteristic of absorbing H2O liquefied on the surface of the airtight heat insulating layer will absorb the heat of condensation when absorbing moisture in the air. -It contributes to maintaining a high "cooperation ratio" between moisture absorption / release and H2O phase by promoting liquefaction and sucking / absorbing liquid H2O. Therefore, even when the moisture content in the daytime is reduced, the cooling energy can be absorbed and retained, the efficient energy transfer can be continued, and the heat shielding and dehumidifying effect can be maintained. It should be noted that the reason why latent heat storage does not cause a decrease in ambient temperature compared to sensible heat storage is that cooling energy is used to absorb condensation heat.
Now, the heat insulating material capable of absorbing and sucking liquid H2O retains a porous character on the surface. Moreover, there are many continuous voids in relation to moisture conductivity. Therefore, the energy can be transferred along with the smooth movement of H2O. However, when the continuity of the voids in the heat insulating material increases, a problem arises in airtightness. Specifically, comparing the summer season when the amount of water containing water H2O is high and the winter time when the amount of water containing liquid H2O is low, there is a difference in the airtight performance as well as the energy conductivity. . The source of the difference is in the voids in the insulation. In addition, the moisture conductivity is higher as the heat insulating material that maintains the continuity of the voids. If the moisture conductivity is high, it is difficult to maintain airtightness, and it becomes difficult to control the infiltration of moisture. In that sense, the movement of moisture depends on the moisture conductivity, which is an attribute of the heat insulating material, and there is a limit to the attempt to improve its efficiency.
Therefore, it is required to improve the efficiency of moisture transfer in the combination of materials and elements other than materials. Alternatively, the problem is solved by combining heat insulating materials having different moisture conductivity.

If the power of a blower fan is borrowed there, the water content will be significantly reduced on the outdoor side of the daytime insulation. It becomes the pressure of the movement of H2O, which further promotes the penetration of the previous voids, and at the same time promotes further vaporization of H2O through a decrease in the atmospheric pressure in the voids. That is, the pressure of H2O movement accompanied by solar thermal energy absorption can be created and maintained by a synergistic effect with moisture penetration, which is the result of the increase in atmospheric pressure caused by the phase change of H2O. By utilizing the pressure of this H 2 O movement, the efficiency of energy transfer and solar thermal energy absorption (heat insulation) can be improved. Further, the vaporization of H 2 O can be further promoted in the voids as the pressure of the pressure inside the heat insulating material is urged by the movement of moisture.
Specifically, it uses the function of a blower fan that promotes exhaust heat and moisture exhaust through the communicating outer ventilation layer and roof ventilation layer. In other words, if the blower fan is operated even after sunset, it will encourage moisture absorption and cooling from the outside. To stop it, it stops after sunset. By stopping the absorption of moisture from the outside, the pressure of H2O movement created and maintained can be maintained even after sunset. In addition, it promotes other types of action in conjunction with the supply of a large amount of cooling energy through the air conditioner in the inner ventilation layer and ceiling space. In other words, if liquid H2O can be absorbed by the heat insulating material, the absorption of moisture is accompanied by the absorption of moisture during liquefaction. Since the ratio of the relationship between moisture absorption and H2O phase change is high, the improvement in the efficiency of H2O movement in the heat insulating material directly leads to the improvement of the moisture absorption / cooling efficiency from the inside, and the dehumidification efficiency regardless of the moisture content. To increase.
After all, by using the blower fan, in terms of moisture content management, the cooperation between moisture absorption and H2O phase change is enhanced, solar radiation acquisition of solar heat energy is used, etc. It efficiently absorbs the cooling energy supplied in large quantities from indoors and leads to efficient energy transfer while enhancing the effect of heat insulation and dehumidification to solve the problem. Taking advantage of the cooling energy generation and supply capacity of the air conditioner, it can be said that the combination of the constituent elements is remarkable in order to leap the heat transfer performance of the insulation. By this combination, outstanding effects and extraordinary effects can be achieved.

Focus on the problem (pointing out the problem)
Using a dehumidifier, the moisture absorption capacity of the moisture absorbent material is forcibly recovered, and the humidity of the indoor space is determined in a manner that depends on the moisture absorption capacity of the moisture absorbent material during the daytime when the dehumidifier is not operating. Whether or not the attempt to fall within the range is successful must correctly recognize the characteristics of each moisture absorbing / releasing material, and then appropriately cope with the liquefaction phenomenon that can occur in the moisture absorbing / releasing material.
However, in reality, as pointed out in the background section (0006), the liquefaction phenomenon that occurs in the moisture absorption / release material is not correctly recognized, and the moisture absorption / release material that easily causes the liquefaction phenomenon can be selected without selection. An example to use is shown. I would like to exemplify what kind of result it will cause, that is, what kind of situation can occur when using a moisture absorbing / releasing material that easily causes liquefaction.
It is well known that the technical level of moisture absorption is accompanied by liquefaction. As one example, when the humidity of an indoor space is adjusted by paying attention to the moisture absorbing / releasing function of the moisture absorbing / releasing material, the room temperature tends to be ignored. This leads to a posture in which only the moisture absorption and desorption phenomenon is taken out, the liquefaction phenomenon that can occur there is ignored, and the generation of condensation heat is also ignored.
The phenomenon described in the case is not fully recognized, and no measures have been taken to deal with it. For example,
1: Select and use a material having a low (weak) ratio of moisture absorption to H2O phase change. In addition, the necessary amount of moisture absorption and release is secured.
2: Prepare an environment that can be realized in the range where the moisture absorbing / releasing material requires its function.
B: Suppresses the supply of cold air.
B: Leading to energy transfer by vaporization and moisture release using solar thermal energy,
There has been no contrivance such as adding ingenuity to restore the original moisture absorption capacity.
Specifically, the relationship between the relative humidity of wood and the equilibrium moisture content is approximately 11% for 60% relative humidity and approximately 15% for 75%. Therefore, if liquefaction does not proceed in the moisture absorbing / releasing material, the moisture content of the moisture absorbing / releasing material having a moisture content of 15% is reduced to around 11% in an environment having a relative humidity of 60%. However, as liquefaction progresses and the ratio of moisture absorption to H2O phase change increases, the equilibrium moisture content with respect to 60% relative humidity rises to around 15%, and the moisture content under an environment with a relative humidity of 60% It will not drop from 15%. That is, the moisture absorption capacity of the moisture absorbing / releasing material cannot be recovered due to the influence of the progress of liquefaction. As a result, the moisture absorbing / releasing material having a moisture content of 15% can absorb moisture only in an environment having a relative humidity of approximately 85% or more.
In other words, considering the above example, moisture can be released from the moisture absorbing / releasing material under an environment where the relative humidity is less than 60%, and the moisture absorbing / releasing material can be absorbed under an environment where the relative humidity is 85% or more. Eventually, under the environment where the relative humidity is in the range of 60% to 85%, the function of the moisture absorbing / releasing material cannot obtain the function and effect on the moisture absorbing surface. The above example is based on the assumption that latent heat storage can proceed. In reality, when wood is selected as the moisture absorbing / releasing material, the absorption of cold air does not proceed efficiently, and it is difficult to increase the ratio of cooperation between moisture absorption and liquefaction. So it is a numerical example to clarify the problem.
The daily difference between the moisture content at the start of moisture absorption and the moisture content at the start of moisture release is called the daily fluctuation difference. Throughout the year between the moisture content at the start of moisture absorption and the moisture content at the start of moisture release. This difference is called annual variation. In the above example, the yearly difference in moisture content corresponding to 60% and 75% relative humidity is 4 points, but the daily difference is zero. That is, repeated moisture absorption and release according to changes in relative humidity within a day is not born. However, the annual fluctuation difference does not indicate the difference in moisture content corresponding to the highest and lowest relative humidity throughout the year. It corresponds to the difference in daily relative humidity. In other words, even if it can not be reflected in the difference in water content in one day, it depends on the purpose and the cycle throughout the year that can be reflected if it takes a long time.
If there is a daily fluctuation difference, the probability of amplification is great regardless of the magnitude of the daily fluctuation difference. If there are no daily fluctuations, there is little chance of amplification. Further, the fact that the daily fluctuation difference is not large includes a case where it is small and a case where it is zero. The magnitude of the daily fluctuation difference is not determined by the moisture absorbent material, but varies depending on the climatic characteristics of the region where the moisture absorbent material is used or the environment. In addition, the level of the cooperation ratio between moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change is reflected in the presence / absence / magnitude of the daily fluctuation difference. Although the radiant heat passing through the heat insulation layer is decreasing, it acts on the moisture absorbing / releasing material that has a low ratio of moisture absorption / release and the phase change of H2O, reducing the moisture content and recovering the moisture absorbing capacity due to vaporization / moisture release. Can contribute.
The humidity control capacity that exceeds the daily fluctuation difference is the difference between the annual fluctuation difference and the daily fluctuation difference, and the hygroscopic material generally has a relative humidity of the surrounding environment according to the moisture absorption and desorption cycle throughout the year. The ability to absorb moisture can be demonstrated beyond the range of fluctuation.只 The period during which moisture absorption ability can be demonstrated beyond the range of fluctuations in the relative humidity of the surrounding environment is extremely short.
Specifically, the cedar board material is 12 mm thick, and the daily moisture absorption effect is 2 mm. Even if the moisture content changes in the vicinity of the surface of the cedar board material according to the fluctuation of the relative humidity of the surrounding environment, Since moisture does not move through the cedar board, there is a divergence between the moisture content near the back surface. By the divergence, the moisture absorbing / releasing material can move moisture from the front surface to the back surface. This is the reason why the moisture content is urged to decrease beyond the daily fluctuation. In other words, moisture moves from the indoor surface to the back surface due to the difference in moisture pressure caused by the difference in moisture content between the front and back surfaces, and it is possible to induce a decrease in moisture content on the surface beyond the range of fluctuations in relative humidity. You can recover.
Now, the water pressure difference existing between the front and back is affected by the level of moisture permeability. If the moisture permeability is high, moisture only permeates and no water pressure difference is produced. Permeability used for interior materials in anticipation of the action and effect (recovery of moisture absorption capacity exceeding the range of fluctuations in relative humidity) that expands the daily fluctuation difference due to the difference in relative humidity of the space separated by the moisture absorption / release material. The moisture rate is preferably less than 1 g / m 2 · h · mmHg.
In other words, the period in which the hygroscopic ability can be exerted beyond the range of fluctuation of the relative humidity of the surrounding environment is short, and in the above example, it ends in 6 days. However, in reality, as the annual cycle of relative humidity increases, the equilibrium moisture content itself also increases, so that the period in which moisture absorption capability can be exerted immediately beyond the range of relative humidity fluctuations in the surrounding environment does not end.
However, if the increase in the relative humidity annual cycle reaches the end point, the end is near. As a result, the indoor humidity control capacity utilizing the annual cycle of the moisture absorbing / releasing material cannot be exhibited.
Here, referring to the complementary relationship between the moisture absorbing / releasing materials, it refers to a relationship in which the phenomenon occurring between the front and back surfaces of the cedar board material can be caused between different moisture absorbing / releasing materials. In other words, by moving moisture between the moisture absorption and desorption materials, the above-mentioned “period in which moisture absorption capacity can be exhibited beyond the range of relative humidity fluctuations in the surrounding environment” is expanded, and indoor humidity control capacity is increased. This is a relationship that can maintain the above.
In order for the complementary relationship to be successfully implemented, an environment that does not allow moisture intrusion is required. Therefore, the moisture absorbing / releasing material may be laminated, or the ceiling back space / inner ventilation layer in contact with the moisture absorbing / releasing material may be a closed space. Note that when the ventilation / circulation system is employed, moisture is constantly supplied to the enclosed space along with fresh air, so that moisture absorption / exhaust capacity corresponding to the humidity supply amount is required. Therefore, if the heat insulation layer has a high moisture absorption / exhaust capability, the condition can be exceeded. Conversely, it can be said that a heat insulation layer having high moisture absorption / exhaust capacity is indispensable for the ventilation / circulation system.

In the previous technical level, the problem is not to use a dehumidifier using the function of the moisture absorbent material while reducing the difference between the equilibrium moisture content at the time of moisture absorption and the equilibrium moisture content at the time of moisture release. Below, it is unthinkable to adjust the humidity in the room to 70%, which is a standard for comfort. So I can't imagine presenting it as an issue.
In this case, in order to be able to adjust the humidity to 70%, it is necessary to use a moisture absorbing / releasing material that has a low ratio of cooperation between the moisture absorption and the phase change of H2O, and further suppress the supply of cold air that absorbs the condensation heat generated by liquefaction. There is. In other words, it is necessary to suppress the action of latent heat storage.
The phenomenon caused by supplying cold air containing cold energy necessary to absorb the heat of condensation generated along with the liquefaction generated inside the moisture absorbing / releasing material is a form of latent heat storage in terms of operation.
In summer, a comfortable thermal environment cannot be maintained just by dehumidifying the room. Air conditioning is also required. If the supply of cold energy is increased by cooling, not only will the rate of moisture absorption accompanying liquefaction increase, but the amount of latent heat cold storage will also increase. In terms of moisture release, this means that moisture release without phase change is reduced. Therefore, unless the thermal energy is acquired by solar radiation, vaporization / moisture does not function sufficiently and the moisture content does not decrease. That is, if liquefaction proceeds by moisture absorption / cooling, moisture release is prevented and the water content remains high. The moisture absorbing / releasing material retains liquid H 2 O generated by liquefaction beyond the range of fluctuations in relative humidity.
Eventually, the equilibrium moisture content itself as a characteristic of the object is greatly influenced by the ratio of the previous cooperation or the environment used, and goes up and down. Therefore, even if the humidity in the room is sufficiently reduced by improving the function of the dehumidifier, moisture cannot be released from the moisture absorbing / releasing material, and the moisture content does not fall to the required level. Therefore, it is not possible to release moisture at night until it is sufficient to restore the daytime moisture absorption capacity.
For the above reasons, the dehumidifying device must be operated during the daytime to secure 70%, which is considered to be comfortable. However, if the airtight performance is improved and the moisture absorbing / releasing material is replaced with an appropriate material, it is possible to maintain the daytime humidity at 70% or less without dehumidifying only during nighttime dehumidification.
By the way, whether or not moisture absorption and desorption is accompanied by liquefaction / vaporization or how to utilize liquefaction / vaporization is important, but is not the core of the problem here. In essence, the idea of controlling in the form of promoting / suppressing liquefaction / vaporization and how to control it can be applied to achieve results. Specifically, it is preferable to control moisture content, to control humidity, and to control energy transfer (in the form of stopping heat insulation and heat transfer contrary to each other and amplifying or suppressing the created heat transfer function. Control) and control of H2O movement without energy transfer and control of the direction of moisture absorption and release that do not depend on the difference in relative humidity between indoor and outdoor. That is the core of the novelty of the issue.

In cold regions, the drop in the outside air temperature during the summer is remarkable, and the days around 20 ° C continue. The temperature difference between day and night exceeds 10 degrees, and the use of radiant cooling energy at night can be expected.
On the other hand, in warm regions, the decrease in outside temperature during the summertime is slow, and tropical nights exceeding 25 ° C continue every day. In that case, the use of radiant cooling at night cannot be expected. On the contrary, if the pressure increase in the outer ventilation layer and the roof ventilation layer can be controlled even at night, it is possible to continue the evaporation and moisture release to the outdoors.
Moisture absorption / release materials (including heat insulating materials) with a low ratio of moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change are not purely moisture absorption / release without liquefaction / vaporization.・ It is accompanied by vaporization.只 It has not led to a high water content. As an example, cedar is widely used as a structural material. Although it is also used for the position facing the north side, just because solar heat energy cannot be obtained by solar radiation does not mean that the moisture content of structural materials such as cedar is immediately high.
As mentioned earlier, tropical nights continue in warm regions, and vaporization and moisture release from the airtight heat insulating layer continues regardless of day or night. Therefore, in the airtight thermal insulation layer on the north side where solar thermal energy cannot be obtained by solar radiation, even if moisture absorption / cooling is continued from the inside as long as it is within the range of its vaporization / moisture release capacity, it is a cause of high moisture content. It will not be.
Compared to operating the air conditioner in the flow path of the space behind the ceiling and under the floor, there is also a balance with the comfortable temperature for living, and when the air conditioner is installed indoors, the room temperature cannot be lowered greatly.
In warm regions, if moisture absorption / release material with a low ratio of moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change is used inside the airtight heat insulation layer on the north side, and cooling energy is supplied from the air conditioner in the indoor space, the temperature of the indoor space Falls and becomes lower than the outside temperature. In this case, the relative humidity is higher on the indoor side than on the outdoor side, and the direction of moisture absorption and desorption that absorbs moisture from the indoor side and releases moisture to the outdoor side is maintained.
Furthermore, if liquefaction progresses by moisture absorption / cooling on the indoor side, a difference occurs between the equilibrium moisture content at the time of moisture absorption and the equilibrium moisture content at the time of moisture release, and moisture release to the indoor side is prevented accordingly. The direction of moisture absorption and desorption that absorbs moisture from the indoor side and releases to the outdoor side is further maintained.
In other words, solar energy solar radiation is not necessarily required for the movement of H2O, so if the conditions are correct in warm climates, it will absorb moisture from the indoor side and release it to the outdoor side, regardless of whether it is east, west, north or south. The direction of moisture absorption and desorption can be maintained.
By the way, in order to prevent the heat insulation performance in winter and the generation of energy loss due to the movement of H2O, the heat insulating material having moisture absorption / release properties is divided into two layers, and a moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet is stretched between them, and airtight insulation It is desirable to configure the layers in a three-layer structure. However, the breathable windproof tarpaulin may work in the opposite direction to the winter in the summer. This is due to the following circumstances.
The northern air-tight insulation layer cannot acquire solar heat. Therefore, the ability to vaporize and release moisture from the airtight insulation layer on the north side is affected by the outdoor pressure and temperature. In general, the outdoor temperature in the daytime in summer exceeds 30 ° C regardless of whether it is warm or cold, and vaporization and moisture release through the airtight heat insulation layer on the north side can occur. However, as described above, the movement of the liquefied H2O from the indoor side to the outdoor side is prevented by the interposition of the moisture-permeable windproof waterproof sheet. Therefore, vaporization and moisture release on the outdoor side do not continue, and the function of reducing the moisture content in the airtight heat insulating layer does not work in this aspect.
Now, even if it is difficult to move liquefied H 2 O, gaseous H 2 O (humidity) moves. Therefore, if a heat insulating material having a low ratio of moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change is used on the indoor side of the hermetic heat insulating layer, moisture is absorbed from the indoor side and released to the outdoor side while performing appropriate moisture content control. This contributes to preventing the reversal phenomenon of moisture absorption / release from the outdoor side to the indoor side while maintaining the direction of moisture absorption / release.
Cedar wood and the like used for the structural material has moisture absorption / release properties, but there is no problem in water content management even when used in a warm and humid area. Therefore, an indication of a low level of the ratio of the relationship between moisture absorption and release and H2O phase change is expressed in cedar wood and the like.

Now, when generating and supplying cooling energy using an air conditioner, the effects of indoor dehumidification and daytime solar thermal insulation are manifested as follows.
When a heat insulating material having a low cooperation ratio between moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change is used on the indoor side of the north airtight heat insulating layer, liquefaction does not occur even with a material having a low cooperation ratio. Therefore, a difference occurs between the equilibrium moisture content at the time of moisture absorption and the equilibrium moisture content at the time of moisture release by the amount of liquefaction. That is the factor that can maintain the direction of moisture absorption and release. Furthermore, as described above, when the air-tight heat insulating layer has a three-layer structure using a moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet, even if it absorbs H2O liquefied by moisture absorption and cooling on the indoor side, movement to the outdoor side is prevented. It is not vaporized or released from the outdoor side. In addition, since gaseous H2O can be dehumidified to the outdoor side, if the moisture content increases, it is dehumidified to the outdoors in relation to the outdoor relative humidity. This is the reason why the water content is managed appropriately.
The ratio of gaseous H2O tends to be low and the ratio of liquid H2O tends to be high on the indoor side with the moisture-permeable windproof waterproof sheet in the airtight heat insulating layer as a boundary. Thus, the divergence between the equilibrium moisture content at the time of moisture absorption from the indoor side and the equilibrium moisture content at the time of moisture release further increases. Therefore, the airtight heat insulation layer on the east, west, and south surfaces excluding the north surface is a decrease in moisture content due to solar solar radiation during the daytime. Then, due to the expansion of the previous deviation, moisture release to the indoor side is suppressed, and backflow of moisture from the outdoor side to the indoor side is prevented. As a result, indoor humidity can be suitably maintained. In addition to the above factors, the following factors are also added in warm regions.
The moisture absorption and desorption of the moisture absorbent material is mainly defined by the relationship with the surrounding relative humidity. Now, in the warmer regions, the nighttime outside air temperature continues to be tropical nights exceeding 25 ° C. So we have to rely on the cooling function of the air conditioner. If the cooling energy is generated and supplied, the indoor air temperature decreases, and the indoor relative humidity increases according to the temperature decrease. As a result, the direction of moisture absorption and desorption that absorbs moisture from the indoor side and releases it to the outdoor side through the airtight heat insulating layer is maintained.
The merit of absorbing the cooling energy generated and supplied by the air conditioner in the airtight heat insulating layer is the indoor dehumidification effect seen above, that is, dehumidification obtained by storing the heat latently using midnight power at night. It is a daytime heat insulation effect obtained through an airtight heat insulation layer other than the north side, as represented by the effect. In extreme terms, cooling energy can be generated and supplied in the process of storing hot water energy at night, and the indoor dehumidification and heat shielding effect can be obtained by using the cooling energy.
By the way, among the heat insulating materials having moisture absorption / release properties, heat insulating materials made of wool or cellulose fiber as a raw material are sold with a complaint that they do not liquefy even when moisture is absorbed.只 Depending on the method of use, liquefaction will not occur after absorbing moisture, but liquefaction is less likely to occur under normal usage. Therefore, a divergence hardly occurs between the equilibrium moisture content at the time of moisture absorption and the equilibrium moisture content at the time of moisture release, and it is necessary to devise to control the direction of moisture absorption / release indoors and outdoors using this divergence. In addition, it is necessary to devise in order to ensure the airtight performance.

Appropriate selection of moisture absorption / release materials with a small difference between daily and annual fluctuations in required moisture absorption / release by using moisture absorption / release materials with a low ratio of moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change it can. Furthermore, a water-containing pressure difference can be ensured in the moisture absorbing / releasing material by appropriately selecting a material having a low moisture permeability. See paragraph 0082 for details on daily and annual fluctuations and water pressure differences.
Relative indoor space generated within 24 hours a day by selecting moisture absorbing / releasing materials with a small difference between daily and yearly fluctuations in moisture absorption / release as interior materials and moisture absorbing / releasing materials with a small water pressure difference Responsibly reacts to changes in humidity, efficiently absorbs and releases moisture, and also ensures a difference in moisture content due to high and low moisture permeability in addition to ensuring a difference in diurnal variation. The moisture absorption ability (beyond fluctuations in relative humidity) can be restored by the moisture, and the humidity adjustment using the moisture absorption / release characteristics (based on the daily fluctuation difference and water content pressure difference) of the moisture absorption / release material is preferably carried out. A comfortable living space can be realized every day.
Now, even if it is a moisture absorption / release material with a low ratio of moisture absorption / release and the phase change of H2O, a difference is observed between the daily fluctuation difference and the annual fluctuation difference. The divergence can be reduced through absorption of solar thermal energy, that is, energy transfer.
Furthermore, the moisture content of the moisture absorbing / releasing material is reduced and the moisture absorbing capacity of the interior material is restored, exceeding the range of changes in the relative humidity of the indoor space within a day and the equilibrium moisture content of the moisture absorbing / releasing material. Let it be an issue. In other words, it promotes a reduction in moisture content that exceeds the daily fluctuation of interior materials through moisture movement due to the complementary relationship between moisture absorption / release materials and vaporization / moisture release due to the influence of radiant heat from solar heat. The pressure difference can be expanded, the moisture absorption capacity can be recovered, and the humidity control capacity and humidity control effect can be amplified.
A humidity control capacity that is beyond the range of changes in relative humidity within 24 hours a day can be maintained throughout the summer, and a comfortable room can be realized throughout the summer.
The effect is from the technical level (even when viewed at long time intervals, moisture is absorbed and released based on the corresponding equilibrium moisture content within the range of change in relative humidity, and the moisture content of the moisture absorbent material increases and decreases). It is remarkable beyond the expected range.
Also, without depending on a dehumidifier, the indoor humidity can be suppressed to less than 70% even during the rainy season and summer when the outdoor humidity exceeds 80%. In addition, by adding simple measures such as securing the moisture absorption capacity of the moisture absorption and desorption material according to the local climate characteristics, this high humidity control capability can be maintained throughout the summer season, not only in Shinshu. Condensation heat during operation is not generated, and it helps to prevent heat island formation.
By dehumidifying with a dehumidifier using midnight power at night and efficiently lowering the relative humidity in the room, moisture is released from the moisture absorbent material without temperature change, and the moisture content of the moisture absorbent material is efficiently reduced. I can do it. Accordingly, it is possible to efficiently recover the moisture absorption capacity of the moisture absorbing / releasing material. In the daytime, it is possible to prevent moisture from entering through the gaps between buildings without operating the dehumidifier, and the moisture absorption and desorption material can be used to efficiently remove indoor moisture without increasing the temperature (energy transfer) due to condensation heat generation. Can be absorbed and the humidity in the room can be maintained around 60%, and the effect is unpredictable from the technical level.
The humidity control means formed by complementary cooperation can prevent the movement of liquefied H 2 O through a space in between. Therefore, the liquefied H 2 O that absorbs cold air from the outside at night in winter is not absorbed by the interior material across the inner ventilation layer / ceiling space. That is, since the heat energy supplied with heating from the inside is not large, there is no increase in heat loss due to the creation of heat transfer that is contrary to heat insulation. On the other hand, the cold absorption (latent heat storage) from the outside at night is vaporized and dehumidified by acquiring solar heat energy in the daytime, which leads to improvement of the heat insulation performance. The air staying in the space functions as a heat insulating layer. It has remarkable effects that cannot be predicted from the technical level.
We have to rely on air conditioning during the heat of summer, but if the moisture absorption function of the moisture absorbent material does not work during the day due to the effect of latent heat storage by nighttime cooling, we will acquire solar radiation. By implementing a heat shielding means using solar thermal energy, a method of discharging indoor moisture to the outdoors can be added, and the indoor dehumidifying effect and the heat shielding effect can be raised.
Even when a copper tube is arranged as energy (cold air) supply means and heat is exchanged in the tube using a liquid refrigerant, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of condensation that was a problem. If an air conditioner using convection heat is used as the energy supply means, the COP 6 and a device with very high energy consumption efficiency can be utilized to the maximum extent. Moreover, the effect of radiant cooling can be easily obtained by combination with the sensible heat storage means.
Furthermore, even if it is used only during midnight power hours, the heat storage body, soil concrete, and underground can be used as a heat storage layer, so the amount of energy required for daytime cooling and heating must be sufficiently stored and stored. I can do it.
Throughout the year, geothermal with stable temperature can be used throughout the year 2M below the surface. In the summer, it can be utilized as an auxiliary means of energy supply for cooling through heat conduction to the foundation soil concrete and the heat storage body at an underground temperature of around 18 ° C. The effect of reducing midnight power consumption can be obtained.
In the winter, heat loss due to heat radiation through the ground at a temperature of about 16 ° C. is small, and the ground can be used as an efficient heat storage layer.
The heat storage element not only functions as a huge heat storage / cold storage layer in the ground, but also uses the energy transfer accompanying the phase change of the heat storage material in the heat storage body to efficiently release the heat according to the temperature change in the underfloor space. Heating / cooling is possible, and it is possible to provide a stable supply for 24 hours as energy for heating and cooling, both qualitatively and quantitatively.

While taking into account the suppression of the increase in moisture content of the north side insulation that cannot vaporize and release by solar radiation, solar insulation absorbs indoor moisture and increases the dehumidification effect by discharging it outdoors. Heat absorption effect can be improved by absorbing and cooling moisture at the outdoor side in the night due to absorption of radiative cooling, and by vaporizing and releasing moisture at room temperature in the daytime, and by absorbing solar thermal energy acquired by solar radiation. .
Vaporization and moisture release are promoted regardless of solar radiation acquisition of solar thermal energy, and moisture absorption and release materials enhance the dehumidification effect by absorbing moisture in the room while keeping in mind the suppression of the moisture content increase of all insulation materials. Increase the heat-shielding effect by absorbing the solar heat energy acquired by solar radiation by improving the efficiency of moisture absorption / cooling at the outside during nighttime with absorption promotion of radiation cooling at the outside, and evaporating and dehumidifying at room temperature in the daytime. I can do it.
Energy can be supplied in response to temperature changes in the underfloor space by utilizing the energy transfer function accompanying the phase change of the heat storage body from a huge heat storage layer composed of underground, soil concrete and heat storage body, Stable energy supply can be continued indoors through the circulation means for 24 hours.
In winter, it is possible to effectively use natural energy by using warm energy from geothermal, solar, and midnight air conditioners as a source of energy supply.
By sandwiching a moisture-permeable windproof tarpaulin and forming a heat insulation layer in three layers, the dehumidification and heat insulation effect can be improved in summer, and in winter the cold absorption due to latent heat storage from the outside is called vaporization and release to the indoor Heat loss caused by the shape can be prevented. By adding simple ideas, it is possible to realize a comfortable thermal environment at low cost not only in summer but also in winter.
In summer, it is possible to make the best use of natural energy by effectively using the cold energy generated by air conditioners that use geothermal, radiative cooling, and midnight power as a source of energy supply.
By continuously supplying cool air from the indoor side and efficiently absorbing and absorbing moisture, it is possible to efficiently store latent heat in the airtight thermal insulation layer at night, and the humidity control effect at night and heat insulation during the day An effect can be obtained. Since cold air can be continuously supplied indoors during the daytime, vaporization and dehumidification into the room can be avoided, and the release of moisture from the indoor direction to the outdoor direction can be induced and maintained, and an indoor humidity adjustment effect can be obtained. Moreover, it can be obtained while taking into consideration the appropriate moisture content management of the chassis. It is possible to obtain a heat island suppression effect by releasing moisture from the indoors to the outdoors and reducing the dehumidification burden by the air conditioner. Furthermore, a comfortable humidity and temperature environment can be obtained at low cost.
In addition, by effectively using the cool air discarded from the hot water supply system for supplying cold air, it is possible to effectively use the heat of condensation generated during dehumidification, and to improve the energy saving performance of the hot water supply system. Furthermore, it is possible to improve the energy saving performance of the hot water supply system while avoiding a decrease in the energy consumption efficiency of the HP water heater. In addition, it is possible to achieve coexistence with effective use of late-night power.

1A: Although it does not have the function of lowering the moisture content by solar radiation acquisition of solar heat energy, by removing in advance the harmful effects caused by the increased moisture content of the north wall insulation, it opens the way to utilize liquefaction = dew condensation as an action It can lead to the suitable management of the moisture content of the other heat insulating material required above.
B: It leads to prevention of dew condensation caused by cold in winter. Prevents deterioration of thermal insulation performance and increase of heat loss in winter.
C: A synergistic effect of reducing the heat loss in winter caused by the circulation of warm air in the circulation channel by changing the channel in summer and winter can be obtained.
2A: By combining with the means for achieving the effect 1 described above, vaporization / release of H2O from the heat insulating material is promoted by solar radiation acquisition in the daytime, and excessively due to the pressure difference generated in the heat insulating material throughout the daytime and nighttime. Without requiring an increase in the moisture content, an appropriate pressure for the movement of the H2O from the indoor side to the outdoor side is generated, and the moisture absorption / cooling absorption from the indoor side can be promoted by utilizing the deviation of the moisture content generated there.
B: The rate of cooperation between moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change can be increased, leading to efficient cold storage and efficient energy transfer.
3A: In the winter, the nighttime heat insulation performance surface of the heat insulating material used for the airtight heat insulation layer realizes a heat insulation performance equal to or greater than the value represented by the thermal conductivity.
B: In a cold region, it is possible to avoid heat loss (due to reverse transfer of cooling energy from the outside to the inside using the phase change of H 2 O) through circulation in the warm air flow path, which is a concern in winter. In addition, the dehumidification / heat shielding system can be used from warm to cold regions without increasing heat loss.
C: In cold districts, use the temperature difference between the daytime and nighttime in summer to store the nighttime radiant cooling energy in the heat insulating material by phase change and use it as an energy source for cooling during the daytime. The effect can be obtained.
4: In summer, a circulation channel suitable for supply of cold air and moisture is secured, and in winter the heat loss is reduced by changing the channel.
Humidity control and radiant cooling by dehumidification and heat shielding functions in summer, and radiant heating by sensible heat storage in winter.
The outer ventilation layer in winter is used as a heat insulation air layer to improve the heat insulation performance of the entire wall and reduce heat loss from the airtight heat insulation layer. Contributes to the realization of radiant heating.
5A: It is possible to promote latent heat storage, that is, absorption of heat, which is an energy source for heat insulation, without increasing the moisture content of the heat insulating material constituting the airtight heat insulating layer. The liquefied H 2 O becomes a wall for moisture permeation in the gap, and contributes to improving the efficiency of H 2 O movement due to an increase in atmospheric pressure during vaporization and maintaining the direction from indoor to outdoor.
B: In addition, it is possible to suitably perform water content management that suppresses the water content of other parts of the casing excluding the heat insulating material.
6A: In the daytime, the air blower fan is operated to promote moisture release to the outside in the airtight heat insulating layer, and from the indoor side to the outdoor side in the heat insulating material due to a synergistic effect with the pressure generated by the vaporization and expansion of liquid H2O The H2O transfer pressure increases, and the efficiency of dehumidification indoors can be improved in combination with the high efficiency of moisture absorption and cooling of the heat insulating material.
At night, the fan is stopped to prevent moisture absorption and cooling from the outside. The amount that can be suppressed is replenished by moisture absorption and cooling from the inside, and the effect of dehumidification from the inside increases accordingly.
In both daytime and nighttime, it creates and maintains the pressure of H2O movement from the indoor side to the outdoor side, exceeding the moisture conductivity of the material (heat insulating material), promoting moisture absorption through the inner ventilation layer and ceiling space By promoting the recovery of moisture content, the efficiency of moisture absorption and cooling on the indoor side can be improved while suppressing the increase in moisture content, and the efficiency of dehumidification indoors can be improved.
B: Not limited to the summer season, it is possible to remove the volatile chemical substances floating in the indoor air by promoting the absorption of indoor moisture and utilizing the function of the mechanism for discharging to the outdoors. Since the efficiency of moisture transfer can be maintained even at a low moisture content, it is not always necessary to maintain the indoor relative humidity high. Therefore, the function of indoor air purification can be used during periods of low humidity other than summer.

Provides the means to shield solar thermal energy by stopping the contradictory performance of heat insulation and heat transfer by utilizing the function of moisture absorption and release and energy transfer associated with H2O phase change (liquefaction / vaporization). be able to. Furthermore, the amount of energy transfer that can be used for heat insulation can be increased while suppressing an increase in the moisture content accompanying moisture absorption. That is, efficient latent heat cold storage can be achieved.
Therefore, the characteristics of the moisture absorbing / releasing material used for the heat insulating material or the interior material are grasped, selected and used. The standard of the selection is whether the ratio with liquefaction at the time of moisture absorption is high or low. Therefore, it is possible to achieve both the moisture content management and the efficiency improvement of cooling energy absorption from the inside, and in response to the increase in the supply of cold energy from the inside and outside in the summer while suitably implementing the moisture content management, The efficiency of cooling and moisture absorption from the inside and outside can be improved and the heat shielding effect can be further enhanced.
By using the liquefaction mediated by the moisture absorption / release material as an action, the moisture content of the airframe that uses radiant cooling, geothermal heat, and midnight power is stored and moisture is absorbed while the moisture content of the enclosure containing the anti-twisting property is controlled appropriately. -Absorbs solar heat energy acquired by solar radiation in the daytime within the range of the total amount of cooling energy invested to promote cooling and absorb the heat of condensation that occurs when it liquefies via phase change, and sensible heat is called moisture This improves the efficiency of moisture release and heat absorption in the form of latent heat, and allows efficient operation and operation of the heat shield mechanism.
By maintaining a high ratio of moisture absorption and H2O liquefaction, the moisture content management and latent heat storage of the opposite body are suitably performed, and the efficient cooling capacity suitable for improving the cooling energy supply capacity and The ability of efficient energy transfer can be obtained, and a further heat shielding effect and a heat island suppression effect can be obtained by their synergistic effects.

8A: Cooling energy storage means using midnight power can be dispersed in the heat storage layer composed of the frame and the heat storage body / foundation concrete / underground, and absorbs moisture from the frame (woody structural material, heat insulating material, etc.)・ Reduces adverse effects associated with the burden of cooling (propagation of molds, decaying fungi, etc., reduced insulation performance). In addition, the use of inexpensive fibrous insulation is widened.
B: Even if only midnight power is used in combination of an air conditioner and a heat storage body with high energy consumption efficiency, stable and inexpensive cooling energy can be directly supplied to the circulation flow path in the form of convection heat for 24 hours. Similarly, heating energy can be continuously supplied throughout the day and supplied to the circulation channel directly in the form of convection heat at a low cost. Furthermore, an energy saving effect can be obtained.
C: While only midnight power is used as a cooling energy source, the direction of moisture absorption during the day can be controlled through continuous supply of cold air for 24 hours, and the indoor dehumidification effect can be enhanced for 24 hours at low cost.
D: Through continuous supply of cold air, it is possible to suitably ensure the transfer of cooling energy using the phase change of H 2 O even in the case of a low water content. Furthermore, it is possible to improve the efficiency of movement of H2O, which is in contradiction with the ratio of cooperation, and enhance the indoor dehumidifying effect.
E: When storing heat in a heat storage body, it is possible to use nighttime outside air whose temperature has dropped due to radiative cooling in the cold region, and air conditioning that provides cooling energy necessary for day / night cooling, dehumidification, and heat insulation with less energy consumption exceeding the COP value. Can be supplied to the circulation flow path, and as a result, further energy saving effects can be obtained from both the performance of the equipment and the environment in which it is used. Further, cooling energy is constantly supplied from the ground through the heat storage layer, and furthermore, heat is radiated and supplied at a suitable temperature by utilizing the characteristics of the heat storage material. In that respect, the energy saving effect is great.
F: With the convective heat energy available at the time of melting the heat storage material, the cold air at 23 ° C. is too low to directly touch the human skin, especially at night. In the process of circulating through the circulation channel, it is cooled and stored in the housing and supplies air conditioning energy that is friendly to human skin as an energy source for radiation cooling.
The release of energy using the phase change in the temperature range limited to 21 ° C to 23 ° C is absorbed by sensible heat transfer with the enclosure in the circulation flow path, radiant heating in winter and radiant cooling in summer Are realized stably and preferably for 24 hours using inexpensive energy while achieving both heat insulation / dehumidification effect in summer and energy loss mitigation effect in winter. In addition, through further effective utilization of the fusion of geothermal, radiant cooling, and midnight power, it is possible to achieve further energy saving effect, lower energy cost, and further heat island suppression effect under suitable water content management.
9: Solar heat energy that permeates the heat insulation layer of the roof is effectively discharged latently and sensiblely outside the building by devising a combination of a heat shield system and a ventilation system, thereby suppressing an increase in daytime cooling load. I can do it. Moreover, while efficiently fulfilling the purpose of ventilation, in addition to geothermal and radiative cooling, it is possible to use midnight power more efficiently, reducing the indoor environment (temperature, humidity, oxygen concentration, etc.) throughout the year at low cost ( Building cost and running cost).
In the airtight heat insulation layer on the east and west side, solar radiation acquisition of solar thermal energy is converted to moisture absorption from the indoor side, and the direction of moisture absorption and release to vaporize and release to the outdoor side is ensured. Without relying on vaporization and moisture release, it is possible to maintain the direction of moisture absorption and release by absorbing moisture from the indoor side and releasing it to the outdoor side. As a result, a dehumidifying effect can be realized.
In winter, geothermal and radiant cooling are performed while maximizing architectural ingenuity to discharge moisture while pursuing energy saving by enhancing the heating effect by utilizing the closeness and high heat insulation performance of airtight houses. It is possible to construct a system capable of avoiding the increase of cooling load, increase of dehumidification load, and promotion of heat island while effectively utilizing natural energy such as energy savings of artificial energy.
Moisture is absorbed from the low relative humidity side, and moisture can be transferred (conducted) to the high relative humidity side through the moisture absorbing / releasing material to release moisture. The reverse is also true, and the reverse flow (intrusion) of moisture from the outdoor side with high relative humidity to the indoor side with low relative humidity can be prevented.
By forming two discharge paths as moisture discharge paths outside the building in the underfloor space and improving the discharge efficiency, the occurrence of condensation in the underfloor space can be suppressed.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1, 2, and 3 are schematic cross-sectional views showing an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a detailed oblique sectional view of the wall of the building shown in FIGS. FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a roof body / wall body. FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the roof body. FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the roof body. FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the roof body. FIG. 9 is a schematic plan sectional view showing a heat insulating panel of a wall body. FIG. 10 is a schematic plan sectional view showing the appearance of the wall. FIG. 11 is a schematic plan sectional view showing the internal heat insulation of the wall. FIG. 12 is a schematic plan sectional view of the wall body. FIG. 13: is a plane schematic sectional drawing which shows a wall body heat insulation panel.
FIG. 14 is a schematic plan sectional view of the wall body. 15 and 16 are schematic sectional views showing examples of the present invention.
In these figures, 1 is a ridge ventilation opening, 2 is a roof, 3 is a roof ventilation layer, 4 is a base plate, 5 is a rafter, 6 is a rafter receptacle, 7 is a heat insulating material A, 8 is an airtight heat insulating layer, and 9 is an outside. Ventilation layer, 10 is an airtight material, 11 is a foundation, 12 is a girder, 13 is a pillar, 14 is a base, 15 is an inner wall, 16 is a cedar plank, 17 is a fruit, 18 is a heat insulating material B, 19 is a torso 20 is a communication pipe 21 is a trunk edge, 22 is an outer wall, 23 is a base ceiling, 24 is a joint hardware, 25 is a joint hardware, 26 is an air inlet, 27 is a heat exchange type ventilation fan, 28 is a moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet, 29 is an inner ventilation layer, 30 is a floor, 31 is an underfloor space, 32 is 1000MM, 33 is 15MM, 34 is 910MM, 35 is a notch, 36 is underground, 37 is a ceiling space, 38 is a ventilator under the ridge 39 is a space under the roof ridge, 40 is a communication port under the ridge, 41 is a sending fan, 42 is a communication pipe for air supply, and 43 is the first Under-building communication pipe, 44 is under-floor ventilation port, 45 is a heat storage body, 46 is the second building lower-side communication port, 47 is a second blower fan, 48 is an air conditioner, 49 is an indoor space, 50 is a ceiling, 51 is an exhaust communication The pipe, 52 is the foundation soil concrete, and 53 is the Koyaura space.

Cooling and dehumidification are indispensable under the warm and humid climate of summer, especially in an era of warming.只 As described in the background art, when cooling and dehumidification are compared, the burden on dehumidification is greater than that on cooling in terms of both energy consumption and environmental impact. From there, it becomes socially meaningful and useful to reduce the burden of dehumidification.
The novel part of this invention exists in the place which grasps | ascertains the characteristic of the moisture absorption / release material used for a heat insulating material or an interior material, selects and uses it. The standard of the selection is whether the ratio with liquefaction is high or low at the time of moisture absorption. Therefore, a moisture absorbing / releasing material having a low ratio of cooperation between moisture absorbing / releasing and H2O phase change is used first. A typical example is a cedar board. The moisture absorbing / releasing material referred to here can retain moisture absorbed H2O, ensure a certain moisture content, release moisture according to the surrounding environmental conditions, and reduce the moisture content itself. In addition, it refers to those that can repeat the function of absorbing moisture according to changes in ambient environmental conditions. Specifically, a moisture absorbing / releasing material that can utilize a 24-hour moisture absorbing / releasing cycle is selected. / See paragraph 0012. Of the heat insulation layers shown in FIG. 10 or 11, cedar boards, paulownia boards, etc. are used on the indoor side of the heat insulation layers of the roof and / or wall. On the outside, use a heat insulating material that does not have moisture absorption / release characteristics such as synthetic resin or a heat insulating material with a high coordination ratio between moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change. Insert the sheet. With only a few contrivances, the difference between the equilibrium moisture content at the time of moisture absorption and the equilibrium moisture content at the time of moisture release can be kept small, and the indoor humidity can be adjusted by the moisture absorption / release moisture of the moisture absorbent / release material. In addition, it is related with the presence or absence of a latent heat insulation function by the characteristic of the heat insulating material arrange | positioned on the outer side of the heat insulation layer which consists of two layers, and is concerned with the presence or absence of the dehumidification function linked with a heat insulation function.
Plasterboards that can be used both as interior materials and heat-insulating materials belong to moisture-absorbing / releasing materials that have a high ratio of coordination between moisture-releasing and H2O phase change. However, if it is used only in places that are susceptible to the radiant heat of solar heat (roofs and walls facing the east, west, and south), the ratio of moisture absorption and H2O phase change should not be low. The negative side can be compensated. Therefore, as long as it is limited to roofs and walls facing the east, west, and south, plasterboards with a high ratio of coordination between moisture absorption and desorption and H2O phase change are the difference between moisture absorption and desorption and H2O phase change. It can be used for interior materials and heat insulating materials as moisture absorption / release materials with a low ratio of cooperation. / Paragraph 0128
Now, as an issue regarding claim 1 which is an independent claim,
(Ii) Create heat transfer properties that are contrary to heat insulation in the heat insulation layer, and obtain effects of dehumidification and heat insulation,
(B) By limiting the moisture absorption / release material in terms of moisture permeability, in the winter season, heat loss can be prevented and heat insulation performance can be improved.
(H) Despite the fact that the outdoor humidity is higher than the indoor humidity, the reverse flow of moisture is prevented, and the water pressure difference due to solar radiation acquisition of solar energy is increased, and the range of fluctuations in indoor relative humidity is increased. (0034) In order to improve the moisture absorption capacity beyond the above level,
The moisture absorbing / releasing material used for the interior material generates condensation heat and liquid H2O due to moisture saturation on the surface of the porous material, absorbs cold air in the treatment of condensation heat, can absorb liquefied H2O, and absorbs moisture. A moisture absorbing / releasing material having a high ratio of coordination between moisture release and H2O phase change is used. In other words, a moisture absorbing / releasing material that “can promote condensation heat treatment and absorb liquefied H 2 O” is used. (Claim 1)
More specifically, the moisture absorbing / releasing material capable of absorbing and sucking liquid H2O has a porous character on the surface. Using a moisture absorbing / releasing material that has the ability to absorb H2O liquefied on the surface absorbs heat of condensation when absorbing moisture in the air, promotes liquefaction, and sucks / absorbs liquid H2O. This contributes to maintaining a high ratio of “cooperation between moisture absorption / release and H 2 O phase change”. (Paragraph 0080) Since the calcium silicate-based moisture absorbing / releasing material can be absorbed in the H2O liquid state, if the efficiency of absorbing cold air is increased immediately before moisture absorption to reach a saturated state, it promotes liquefaction and remains in the liquid state Absorbed. (Paragraph 0078)
By the way, calcium silicate material has a high liquefaction ratio, and the direction of moisture absorption / release is not sensitive to changes in daily relative humidity, especially in terms of recovery of daily moisture absorption capacity by moisture release. It is not excellent. (See paragraph 0010)
A 24-hour moisture absorption / release cycle can be used, and (paragraph 0012) energy such as radiant heat from solar heat is indispensable to efficiently promote moisture release according to changes in relative humidity and efficiently restore moisture absorption capacity. is there. (See paragraph 0010)
Of the interior materials used for the inner walls and ceilings, the moisture absorbing / releasing material, which has a high ratio of moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change, faces the heat insulating layer where solar heat energy can be acquired by solar radiation, and obtains radiant heat from it. Limited to the ceiling and the inner wall on the east-west side. (Paragraph 0139)
First, it is composed of a structural member of a foundation, a foundation, a pillar, a girder, and a beam that structurally supports a building and a roof body / wall body having a roof, an outer wall, a heat insulating layer, and a ceiling and an inner wall. An interior space is constructed by the floor, and a frame with structural strength is built.
Buildings built in the country are exposed to geothermal / radiant cooling energy, summer warm air, and solar radiation. (Claim 1)
The moisture permeability is less than 1 g / m 2 · h · mmHg in at least a part of the roof and / or wall of the east-west south surface excluding the north side according to claim 1, and has a daily fluctuation difference, The moisture absorbing / releasing material used as a moisture absorbing / releasing material that can absorb H2O liquefied due to moisture saturation on the surface of the porous material and has a high ratio of coordination between moisture absorbing / releasing and H2O phase change.
(A-2) Moisture-absorbing / releasing material having a high ratio of co-operation between moisture-releasing and H2O phase change (claims)
(Ii) Plate materials mainly composed of calcium silicate (Thailite Wood, etc.)
(B) Plasterboard (gypsum board) used as the base material, and diatomite finish and paper cloth finish. (Paragraphs 0128 and 0139)
As described above, the moisture permeability is less than 1 g / m 2 · h · mmHg.
(Ha) Earth wall material (0128)
The soil wall material cracks as it dries, and it is difficult to ensure airtightness. (Paragraph 0015) Can be used in combination with a moisture permeable windproof tarpaulin. (Paragraph 0128)
Note that the material is not limited to the above material as long as it has equivalent performance.
The influence of radiant heat through the heat insulation layer on the north side where solar heat cannot be obtained is scarce, and vaporization and moisture release using radiant heat cannot be expected. Therefore, it is better to use the interior material used on the north side that does not have moisture absorption and desorption. The vinyl cloth on the plaster board base is convenient because it does not provide moisture absorption / release on the indoor side and does absorb moisture / release on the inner ventilation layer side. The same applies to the partition wall between the rooms. (Paragraph 0140)
In terms of suitable management of the moisture content, it is an appropriate choice to use a moisture absorbing / releasing material that has a low ratio of coordination between moisture absorbing / releasing and H2O phase change. (Paragraph 0012)
The breathable layer that leads to the outside air on the outdoor side of the moisture absorbent material
The roof ventilation layer and / or the outer ventilation layer (refer to paragraph 0138 for the construction procedure of the ventilation layer. For the function of the ventilation layer, refer to 0109/0110), the moisture absorbing / releasing material is used as a heat insulating material (see 0138), A roof and / or an outer wall is provided on the outdoor side of the roof ventilation layer and / or the outer ventilation layer.
It plays the role of the space behind the ceiling and / or the inner ventilation layer (see paragraph 0141 for the function of the ventilation layer). The moisture absorbing / releasing material is used as an interior material (see 0139).
In addition, when the ceiling space and / or the inner ventilation layer are not opened to the outside air in a sealed state, the interior material can form complementary cooperation with moisture absorption / release means other than the interior material, and can recover the moisture absorption capacity.
“Cooling means for supplying cool air to the indoor space” uses a 24-hour ventilation system, which is a normal ventilation means, and is based on “means for ventilation including ventilation for exhausting air circulated through the room outside the building”. Cold air can be taken in. (Paragraph 0071) Or, when the cold air generating function of the HP air conditioner is used in combination, more cold air can be obtained. Regarding paragraph 4, which is a dependent claim in paragraph 0097.
The moisture absorbing / releasing material used to form a laminated structure of moisture absorbing / releasing material and synthetic resin-based heat insulating material is liquefied by moisture saturation on the surface of the porous material, instead of cedar and paulownia plates used indoors A moisture-absorbing / releasing material that can absorb H2O and has a high ratio of moisture-releasing and H2O phase change is used. Specifically, “Laminated structure of synthetic resin insulation and plaster board,
Alternatively, a synthetic resin heat insulating material and a plate material and a laminated structure mainly composed of calcium silicate material are also used.
For interior finish, paper cloth finish or diatomite finish is widely used for the plasterboard base. (0128)
Note that the synthetic resin-based heat insulating material has a high moisture permeability resistance and can serve as a moisture-proof layer. (0024) Instead of laminating the synthetic resin heat insulating material, a moisture proof sheet may be attached to the outdoor side of the moisture absorbing / releasing material. (0139)
Note that the material is not limited to the above material as long as it has equivalent performance.
Regarding claim 6, which is a dependent claim.
“Moisture-absorbing / releasing material laminated on the outdoor side of moisture-absorbing / releasing material”
(A-1) Moisture absorbing / releasing material with a low ratio of moisture absorption / release and phase change of H2O (ii) Solid materials such as cedar board, sardine board, paulownia board material, or laminated wood (ro) Plywood, Solid wood or laminated wood with moisture absorption and desorption for structural members (columns, foundations, beams, bearing walls, etc.). Structural plywood and cedar planks as bearing walls (paragraph 0128)
(A-2) Moisture absorbing / releasing material with a high ratio of moisture absorption / release and phase change of H2O (ii) Plate material mainly composed of calcium silicate (tylite wood, etc.)
(B) Plasterboard (gypsum board) used as the base material, and diatomite finish and paper cloth finish. (Paragraphs 0128 and 0139)
As described above, the moisture permeability is less than 1 g / m 2 · h · mmHg.
(Ha) Earth wall material (0128)
The soil wall material cracks as it dries, and it is difficult to ensure airtightness. (Paragraph 0015) Can be used in combination with a moisture permeable windproof tarpaulin. (Paragraph 0128)
(A-3) Insulation board material (paragraph 0072), cellulose fiber material, (0069 · 0072), wool (0085) or the like is widely used.
The moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet used in claim 7 which is a dependent claim uses a tiebeck made of ultrafine polyethylene fiber which is widely used. (Paragraph 0074)
The construction procedure is as described in paragraph 0069.
Regarding claim 11 and later.
Moisture permeability is less than 1 g / m 2 · h · mmHg on at least a part of the roof and / or wall on the east-west south surface excluding the north side, has a daily fluctuation difference, and moisture on the surface of the porous material The moisture absorbing / releasing material used as a moisture absorbing / releasing material that can absorb H2O liquefied due to the saturation of the gas and has a high ratio of cooperation between the moisture absorbing / releasing and H2O phase change,
(A-2) Moisture absorbing / releasing material with a high ratio of moisture absorption / release and phase change of H2O (ii) Plate material mainly composed of calcium silicate (tylite wood, etc.)
(B) As a finishing material for plasterboard used as a base material, a diatomaceous earth finish and a paper cloth finish are used. (Paragraphs 0128 and 0139)
As described above, the moisture permeability is less than 1 g / m 2 · h · mmHg.
(Ha) Earth wall material (0128)
The soil wall material cracks as it dries, and it is difficult to ensure airtightness. (Paragraph 0015) Can be used in combination with a moisture permeable windproof tarpaulin. (Paragraph 0128)
Note that the material is not limited to the above material as long as it has equivalent performance.
The “cold air sourced from geothermal heat” according to claim 14 is: “A stable geothermal heat can be used throughout the year for 2 m below the land price throughout the year. In summer, the underground temperature is around 18 degrees. It can be used as an auxiliary means of energy supply for cooling through heat conduction to the foundation soil concrete and the heat storage body "(paragraph 0086).
See paragraphs 0139 to 0146 for details of actions and effects using cold air and / or geothermal air that is the source of nighttime radiative cooling.
Cooling means for supplying cold air through the outdoor ventilation layer of the moisture absorbing / releasing material according to claim 19,
The roof ventilation layer and / or the outer ventilation layer that leads to the outside air (see paragraph 0138 for the construction procedure of the ventilation layer. For the function of the ventilation layer, see 0109.0110), and the moisture absorbing and releasing material is a heat insulating material (see 0138). The roof and / or outer wall is provided on the outdoor side of the roof ventilation layer and / or the outer ventilation layer.
In order to alleviate the increase in the moisture content of the moisture absorbing / releasing material, first, select a moisture absorbing / releasing material that does not have a high moisture permeability. Second, a moisture absorbing / releasing material that can utilize a 24-hour moisture absorbing / releasing cycle is selected. As the paragraph (paragraph 0012) interior material, a moisture absorbing / releasing material that does not have an excellent moisture permeability and can use a 24-hour moisture absorbing / releasing cycle is selected. Therefore, a moisture absorbing / releasing material having a low ratio of cooperation between moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change and a moisture absorbing / releasing material having a high ratio of coordination between moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change are appropriately distinguished. Select. (Paragraph 0092)

The moisture absorption / release function of structural materials, finishing materials, and heat insulating materials is based on short-term cycles that are affected by changes in temperature and relative humidity within the day, and only in summer when the humidity is high. Even long-term cycles of moisture content increase / decrease throughout the four seasons, which absorb moisture and dehumidify only during low humidity periods in winter.
Looking at the day in the summer, the moisture absorption and desorption material works hard on the indoor side at night, and the moisture content of the moisture absorption and desorption material increases. In the daytime, the relative humidity decreases as the room temperature increases, so the moisture is released from the moisture absorbing / releasing material.只 If we compare the amount of moisture absorption and the amount of moisture release, the amount of moisture absorption is large. This is supported by long-term fluctuations throughout the seasons.
Depending on the regional climatic characteristics, this phenomenon appears clearly. Specifically, in Shinshu, the relative humidity in the daytime in summer is lower than in warm and humid areas.外 Outside temperature shows a significant drop at night due to radiation cooling. Therefore, the relative humidity increases rapidly.
The increase in relative humidity is combined with the supply of cold air by radiative cooling, and leads to the preparation of conditions for carrying out latent heat cold storage. In other words, the environment in which liquefaction occurs is in place due to the intervention of what mediates phase change. Conversely, the influence of the difference in the level of the cooperation between the moisture absorption / release and the phase change of H 2 O appears clearly.
Moreover, the moisture absorption / release material is controlled by the environment through the seasons. Specifically, in the winter when the relative humidity is low, moisture content is released from the moisture absorbing / releasing material, and the moisture content decreases. The moisture absorbing / releasing material having a reduced moisture content absorbs moisture from an environment with a high relative humidity toward summer. In other words, it works in the direction of moisture absorption until the equilibrium moisture content corresponding to the relative humidity in summer is reached.
The influence of the environment on the direction of moisture absorption / release is not limited to that through the four seasons. Even during the day and night of the day, the environmental impact is strong. In particular, if there is a large difference in the outside air temperature between day and night, it will lead to the magnitude of changes in relative humidity within the day, and the direction of moisture absorption and discharge within the day will be affected and controlled by the environment. It becomes.
Therefore, the moisture absorption capacity of the humidity control material is restored by the intention and configuration that complements the 24-hour moisture absorption / release cycle of the humidity control material using the moisture absorption / release cycle throughout the year. / Paragraph 0010
Therefore, it is important to fully understand the purpose of using the moisture absorbing / releasing material for what purpose, and to select the moisture absorbing / releasing material having the matching performance in fulfilling the purpose. Select from the aspects of moisture conductivity, thermal conductivity, H2O retention, liquefaction ratio, etc. It should be noted that the moisture absorbing / releasing material having H 2 O holding power has a moisture reflux rate (moisture permeability) of less than 1 g / m 2 · h · mmHg. Incidentally, the numerical value of the moisture reflux rate of the 9.5 mm thick plaster board is 0.95.

When moisture absorbing / releasing material is used as a moisture absorbing / releasing material in which the direction of moisture absorption / desorption is determined by the relationship between relative humidity, moisture content, and equilibrium moisture content, it responds to changes in ambient temperature and relative humidity within a day. Thus, the direction of moisture absorption / release (moisture absorption / moisture release) is determined, and the moisture content also increases and decreases. Specifically, in the case of having the climatic characteristics of Shinshu, the temperature decreases at night due to radiative cooling, and the relative humidity increases accordingly. Therefore, in order to spend comfortably indoors, some dehumidification is performed. Here, moisture is conditioned by absorbing moisture from the room with high relative humidity at night. During the daytime, the relative humidity inside and outside decreases due to temperature rise. Therefore, moisture is released from the moisture absorbing / releasing material whose moisture content has been increased by moisture absorption during the daytime to condition the room. The moisture content of the moisture-absorbing / releasing material is reduced by moisture desorption, and the moisture-absorbing ability can be recovered to prepare for the next moisture absorption. In other words, by repeating this during the summer, you can spend a relatively comfortable day and night.
However, when examined in detail, the amount of moisture absorption is greater than the amount of moisture released from the rainy season to the summer, and the accumulation of H2O on the wall and roof increases. This is because the equilibrium moisture content of the wall and the like increases as the relative humidity increases. In addition, the equilibrium moisture content of the wall and the like also rises and falls according to the change of the relative humidity within the day. If the equilibrium moisture content increases, the difference from the moisture content increases, and the pressure for absorbing moisture increases accordingly.
In addition, by maintaining the airtight performance of the building, the indoor humidity control function using seasonal fluctuations in the moisture absorbing and releasing material is improved, and even when the dehumidifier is not used, the humidity is generally around 70%, which is generally regarded as a comfortable humidity. Humidity can be maintained.
Now, when the indoor space and the ceiling back space are partitioned by the ceiling, in order to connect the effect of the humidity adjustment of the indoor space to the preferred implementation of the humidity control of the ceiling back space, the ceiling material to be used is ensured of moisture conductivity and H 2 O. It is required to be able to control the direction of moisture absorption and release while holding. That is, if the moisture recirculation rate is high, the moisture conductivity / permeability increases, but the direction of moisture absorption / release cannot be suitably implemented, such as moisture absorption / desorption according to environmental changes such as humidity / temperature. Therefore, a moisture absorbing / releasing material that does not have a high moisture recirculation rate and has a low cooperation ratio between moisture absorbing / releasing and H2O phase change is used for the ceiling material.
To explain with the previous example, at night, the temperature decreases due to the effect of radiative cooling, and the relative humidity increases accordingly. Moisture is absorbed from indoor air with increased humidity to the ceiling material, and the room is conditioned. Further, when the cool air is supplied to the back of the ceiling, the relative humidity in the back of the ceiling similarly increases. Also in this case, moisture is absorbed from the air in the ceiling space with high humidity to the moisture absorbing / releasing material in contact with the ceiling space, and the ceiling space is conditioned. During the day, as the outside air temperature rises, the indoor relative humidity decreases. Therefore, the moisture is released from the moisture absorbing / releasing material having an increased moisture content into the room at night.で In the process of repeating this moisture absorption and desorption, the moisture content of the moisture absorption and desorption material on the ceiling increases, and the moisture absorption capacity that can maintain an appropriate humidity is lost. In addition, it is usually impossible to reduce the moisture content of the ceiling material and restore the moisture absorption capacity beyond the range of changes in the relative humidity of the indoor space day and night.
However, the moisture absorption capability can be recovered by utilizing the H2O retention capability of other moisture absorption / release materials facing the ceiling space. It absorbs the amount of moisture that could not be released indoors from the moisture absorbent material on the ceiling in the process of daily moisture absorption and desorption to other moisture absorbent materials facing the ceiling space, This can be realized by moving moisture. That is, the moisture content of the ceiling material is reduced by the amount that moisture can be transferred.天井 As the moisture absorbing / releasing material on the ceiling is not high, the moisture transfer rate from the indoor space to the ceiling space is slow. Then, the relative humidity rise in the ceiling space becomes slow, and the moisture absorption of other moisture absorbing / releasing materials facing the ceiling space becomes slow. This is the point. In other words, the other moisture absorbing / releasing material facing the ceiling space does not indirectly absorb the moisture in the indoor space at once, but absorbs moisture in a form that complements the ceiling material. “Amplify the water pressure difference between the front and back” of the material, “Can create moisture absorption capacity”, and the created moisture absorption capacity can be sustained for a relatively long time while repeating daily moisture absorption and desorption. Due to the complementary cooperation between the moisture absorption / release means, the humidity control capacity in the room can be maintained at a high level every day and can be maintained for a long period of time. The ceiling material is vaporized and dehumidified by the influence of radiant heat caused by solar heat. This function promotes a reduction in the moisture content of the ceiling material and a recovery of the moisture absorption capacity of the ceiling material.
Examples of the moisture absorbing / releasing material facing the space behind the ceiling include structural materials such as columns, beams, and studs, heat insulating materials that form a heat insulating layer, silica gel, and charcoal. A large amount of H2O can be maintained in the building by combining this moisture absorption and desorption means, and the necessary moisture absorption and desorption means and ability can be selected according to the regional climate characteristics from easy to spend areas such as Shinshu to warm and humid areas. . In addition, the heat transfer property contrary to the heat insulating property is created by the interposition of the heat insulating material having moisture absorbing / releasing properties, and the solar heat insulating effect and the indoor dehumidifying effect can be obtained by one function. Further, the moisture dehumidified from the room can be discharged out of the building by the exhaust means such as the building vent and the ventilation means via the flow path such as the ceiling space. Any of them is one of the indoor humidity control means.
When the structural material is used as a moisture absorbing / releasing material, water content management is important. If the state of high moisture content continues, it will create an environment for the growth of decaying fungi, increasing the possibility of damage to the building. Therefore, it is desirable to use moisture absorbing / releasing materials other than the structural material at the same time. For example, a heat insulating material that forms a heat insulating layer, silica gel, charcoal, or the like can be used. Moisture-absorbing and releasing materials such as silica gel and charcoal can be installed anywhere in the space behind the ceiling, the inner ventilation layer, and the underfloor space, so that the appropriate amount can be adjusted in consideration of the local climate characteristics. Note that the relative humidity of the outside air greatly decreases toward the winter due to changes in the four seasons, and the moisture content of the moisture absorption / release material that comes into contact with the ceiling space, inner ventilation layer, and underfloor space through the interior space and interior materials. This leads to a decrease in the rate, leading to a suitable moisture content management.
In addition, when the indoor space and the inner ventilation layer are partitioned by using a moisture absorbing / releasing material as the interior material of the inner wall material, the indoor humidity control capability is secured and maintained by the same device. The effect can be obtained both when the ceiling space and the inner ventilation layer communicate with each other or when they do not communicate.

Now, in the space behind the ceiling, the supply of cold air through the energy supply means absorbs moisture from high-humidity air in the vicinity of the open-air and suppresses the occurrence of condensation. Moisture absorbed from the ceiling space is released to the indoor space through the moisture absorbing / releasing material, released to the outside through the heat insulating layer, or the structural material / heat insulating layer, etc. It is held by moisture absorbing / releasing material. In addition, since the space behind the ceiling is a closed space, it is not necessary to absorb moisture frequently once it is absorbed, and the moisture absorption of the moisture absorbing / releasing material is small.
As an energy supply means, a liquid such as H 2 O is poured into a heat medium into a copper pipe piped on the back of the ceiling. The ceiling material is cooled by heat exchange in the process where the heat medium flows through the copper tube, and sensible heat storage is achieved. As a result of sensible heat storage, radiation cooling can be realized. In addition, generation | occurrence | production of dew condensation can be suppressed by the effect of dehumidification of the ceiling space.

Going further, we will adjust the humidity in the room using socially surplus midnight power. I mentioned earlier that the technology is already provided as an idea.只 In order to maintain the indoor humidity at 70%, which is considered to be comfortable, the dehumidifier must be operated frequently during the daytime. It is a stage.
Now, in order to maintain a comfortable humidity of 60%, the dehumidifier is operated only during the time when midnight power can be used. If the set humidity is secured at 50%, the indoor relative humidity naturally decreases. Along with this, moisture is released from the moisture absorbing / releasing material, but moisture is released to the vicinity of an equilibrium moisture content of 9% relative to the relative humidity. In the day, it is about 2 to 3 mm from the surface that moves due to moisture absorption and desorption.
The moisture absorbing / releasing material having a reduced moisture content during the night can turn around during the day to absorb moisture in the air in the indoor space. Therefore, the humidity of the indoor space can be maintained at 60% without operating the dehumidifier during the day.
In order to improve the humidity control efficiency of the indoor space, it is essential to improve the airtight performance. If the airtight performance is improved, moisture leakage is reduced, and humidity control using a dehumidifying device or a moisture absorbing / releasing material is more effective. As a result, even if the dehumidifying device is not operated during the daytime, it is possible to maintain a surprising humidity of around 60%.
If a dehumidifier is installed in the indoor space and the room is dehumidified using midnight power at a setting of 50%, it absorbs the indoor moisture and the moisture in the back space of the ceiling and absorbs the moisture used for the ceiling with high moisture content. Releases moisture from the moisture release material. In the daytime, even if the dehumidifier is not operated, the moisture absorbing / releasing material used for the ceiling absorbs moisture from the indoor air and can adjust the humidity to 60% or less. Furthermore, it not only regulates the humidity in the room, but also induces a reduction in the moisture content of the ceiling material. As a result, the ceiling material absorbs moisture from the ceiling space throughout the day and night, and is effective in suppressing the occurrence of condensation on the ceiling. The inner wall can be implemented similarly to the ceiling.

Outside the wall / roof body, the outer wall reaches a temperature of 60 ° C. to 70 ° C. due to solar radiation in the daytime in summer. Therefore, the relative humidity in the outer ventilation layer and the roof ventilation layer falls extremely. Correspondingly, the pressure for releasing moisture is increased. And the wall body and / or roof body which are comprised from a porous building material receive supply of the kinetic energy required for the evaporation of H2O by the solar radiation acquisition of the daytime. As a result, the H2O stored at night easily evaporates and dehumidifies from the porous building material and evaporates. If the moisture absorbing / releasing material is added to the outer wall material, this cooling effect is increased and the heat storage to the heat insulating layer is prevented. In any case, the energy stored in the latent heat at night can be used for heat insulation by absorbing solar thermal energy in the daytime, and contributes to reducing the increase in cooling load. (0134)
If the heat insulation layer on the south side of the roof is composed only of heat-insulating materials with moisture absorption and desorption, and if a roof ventilation layer is provided on the roof, the energy stored by solar radiation acquisition during the daytime in the summer will be transferred outdoors. It becomes a means for discharging, and a means for absorbing radiant cooling from the outdoors at night. Moreover, if liquefaction occurs due to the absorption of cold air from the inside and the absorption of cold air from the outside, it leads to exhaust heat that changes the sensible heat through solar radiation acquisition of solar heat energy in the daytime into the form of latent heat called moisture. It not only produces a heat shielding effect due to the latent heat of sensible heat, but also allows humidity adjustment in the indoor space by performing dehumidification indoors through moisture absorption from indoors. In other words, even if the indoor space is cooled at night, the effect of liquefaction due to the supply of cold air (divergence between the equilibrium moisture content during moisture absorption and the equilibrium moisture content during moisture release) can be vaporized and released through absorption of solar thermal energy during the day. It leads to suppression by moisture (due to latent heat of sensible heat). In addition, the popular HP air conditioner also functions as a cooling function when the dehumidifying function is operated, and generates and supplies cold air.
* About two aspects of latent heat insulation that brings about a heat insulation effect due to the latent heat of sensible heat.
The vaporization / moisture release from the porous building material is specifically vaporized and dehumidified by obtaining thermal energy in the form of convection heat / radiant heat originating from solar thermal energy. That is, kinetic energy is obtained from radiant heat and convection heat, and vaporizes and expands. (0144)
Conventionally, energy transfer by phase change has attracted attention regarding the change from liquid H2O to gaseous H2O at room temperature and the use of heat of vaporization. (0076)
Specifically, even when solar radiation acquisition of solar heat energy cannot be obtained at 1 atm and 30 ° C., the cooling energy can be used by the phase change (vaporization) of H 2 O through the moisture absorbing / releasing material. (0078)
For example, in the case of moisture release from the interior material, the inside ventilation layer has excellent breathability due to the generation of upward airflow due to the influence of solar heat, so vaporization and moisture release are promoted, and the released moisture is promptly Released outside the building. (0142) In addition, in the case of moisture release from the heat insulating material, “The moisture absorption and release material promotes vaporization and moisture release regardless of the solar radiation acquisition of solar heat energy, while considering the suppression of the moisture content increase of all heat insulating materials. , Evaporate and dehumidify at room temperature in the daytime. ”(0087)
In the meantime, a cooling effect appears around under the influence of the heat of vaporization, and if the temperature drops, the phase change will not continue as it is. (0078) It indicates the limit of vaporization and moisture release by aeration. On the other hand, if solar heat energy can be acquired by solar radiation, kinetic energy can be directly and continuously supplied by the effect of radiant heat energy. So the phase change persists. (0078)
Moreover, the moisture content will remain high without solar radiation acquisition. So solar heat is indispensable for moisture content management. (0078)
Here, it is epoch-making in that kinetic energy is acquired from solar thermal energy as radiant thermal energy and used as phase change (vaporization) energy, and solar thermal energy is confined in the form of latent heat of moisture. (0076)
In addition, the interior material used for the inner wall and ceiling faces the heat insulation layer that can acquire solar heat energy from the heat in order to stably supply the kinetic energy necessary for vaporization and moisture release by means other than ventilation. It is limited to the ceiling from which radiant heat can be obtained and the inner wall on the east / west / west side. (0139)
The following is a specific example of the heat shielding effect due to the latent heat of sensible heat when a moisture absorbing / releasing material is used for the heat insulating layer.
During the daytime, it is converted to kinetic energy necessary for vaporization in relation to the relative humidity, releases moisture from the moisture-absorbing / releasing material, and works to cool the housing by vaporization heat. Moisture absorbed by the heat insulating material passes through the H2O phase change and is discharged outside the building through the outer ventilation layer and the roof ventilation layer. Moreover, part of the sensible heat is discharged outside the building in the form of latent heat called moisture. (0117)
* Regarding the relationship between latent heat insulation and latent heat storage.
In addition, latent heat type exhaust heat cannot be performed infinitely. The amount of absorption of solar thermal energy by the heat of vaporization is limited according to the amount of absorption of the heat of condensation generated by liquefaction, which is one aspect of the phase change of H 2 O, by the cold air generated by the air conditioner. [0117] Also, latent heat type cold storage, which is a phase change that leads to condensation heat and water generation in the wall body, is performed in cooperation with moisture absorption and cooling energy absorption. In addition, the effect of heat insulation using latent heat can be obtained within the range of the total amount of cooling energy (radiation cooling / geothermal) that has been invested in order to absorb the heat of condensation generated when liquefied through phase change. (0104)
Furthermore, it is possible to evaporate and dehumidify the cold absorption (latent heat storage) from outside at night by acquiring solar heat energy during the daytime, leading to improved heat insulation performance. (0086)
* Cooling means that can supply cool air to moisture absorbing / releasing material.
Conventionally, when discharging hot air, the cooling energy supply means necessary for confining in the form of latent heat of moisture and achieving latent heat has not been recognized as a component requirement. (See 0024)
In addition, the ratio of the cooperation between moisture absorption / release and the phase change of H 2 O is limited depending on the characteristics of the moisture absorption / release material or whether or not an environment / means capable of supplying cold air to the moisture absorption / release material is provided. (Paragraph 0005)
The specific effect is that most of the nighttime geothermal and radiant cooling energy is consumed to absorb the condensed heat due to moisture absorption and cooling of the interior materials (paragraph 0141), or midnight air is used to cool the air from the air conditioner. Release and cool the moisture absorbing and releasing materials that make up the building. By being cooled, the heat of condensation generated by the phase change (liquefaction) is absorbed. (Paragraph 0117) Therefore, the phenomenon caused by supplying cold air containing the cooling energy necessary to absorb the heat of condensation generated along with the liquefaction that occurs inside the moisture absorbing / releasing material, It is one form. (Paragraph 0083)
Hereinafter, a specific example of means for supplying cold air to the moisture absorbing / releasing material will be described.
1. As a source of cold air,
(A) Natural energy brought about by radiant cooling at night (see 0037 for challenges)
(B) Geothermal natural energy (see 0037 for challenges)
(C) Convection cold air generated by an HP air conditioner or hot water supply air conditioner (see 0039 for challenges)
2. Due to the difference in the method and route for supplying cold air, (A-1) radiant cooling at night is supplied from the indoor space to the interior material having moisture absorption and desorption properties through the ventilation system. (See paragraph 0071 for details)
(A-2) The nighttime radiant cooling is supplied to the interior material provided with moisture absorption / release and / or the heat insulation provided with moisture absorption / release through the ceiling space and / or the inner ventilation layer through the wall ventilation system. (For details, see paragraphs 0113 and 0114 and FIGS. 1 and 2 and 3. The problem is 0034)
(A-3) Radiant cooling at night is supplied to the interior material having moisture absorption / release properties and / or the heat insulation material having moisture absorption / release properties by the back space of the ceiling and / or the inner ventilation layer through the open / close vent. (For details, see paragraphs 0139 to 0145 and FIG. 15)
(A-4) Radiant cooling at night is supplied to a heat insulating material having moisture absorption / release properties and / or an exterior material having moisture absorption / release properties by a roof ventilation layer and / or an outer ventilation layer that is open to the outside air. (For details, see paragraph 0106, FIG. 16)
(B-1) The natural energy of geothermal heat is an interior material having moisture absorption / release properties and / or heat insulation having moisture absorption / release properties by at least the inner ventilation layer of the ceiling space and / or the inner ventilation layer through the wall ventilation system. Supplied to the material. (For details, see paragraphs 00099, 0107, 0113, and 0114 and FIGS. 1, 2, and 3)
(B-2) The natural energy of geothermal heat is an interior material and / or an absorption / release material that has moisture absorption / release properties through at least the inner ventilation layer of the ceiling back space and / or the inner ventilation layer through the openable / closable underfloor vent and the underfloor space. Supplied to wet insulation. (For details, see paragraphs 0139 to 0145 and FIG. 15)
(C-1) Convection cold air generated by an HP type (hot water supply) air conditioner is supplied to an interior material having moisture absorption and desorption properties through an air conditioner installed in the indoor space. (For details, see paragraphs 0119 and 0144, FIG. 1)
(C-2) Convection cool air generated by the HP type (hot water supply) air conditioner has moisture absorption and desorption properties by the ceiling back space and / or the inner ventilation layer via the air conditioner installed in the back space and / or the under floor space. And / or supplied to a heat insulating material having moisture absorption / release properties. (For details, see paragraphs 0117 and 0134 and FIGS. 2 and 3)
* About the relationship between latent heat storage brought to the moisture absorbing / releasing material of the cooling means and the cooling means.
The phenomenon caused by supplying cold air containing cold energy necessary to absorb the heat of condensation generated along with the liquefaction generated inside the moisture absorbing / releasing material is a form of latent heat storage in terms of operation. [0083] Unless the recognition of the heat of condensation is sufficient, the idea of promoting moisture absorption and liquefaction utilizing cooling energy will not come up. (0027)
Condensation heat is generated in the process in which the heat insulating material absorbs moisture and liquefies by phase change. At night, the outside air is cooled by radiation cooling. Furthermore, due to a synergistic effect with the low-temperature geothermal heat, the moisture absorption / release material of the moisture absorbing / releasing material such as a heat insulating material / finishing material changes and absorbs the condensation heat generated with liquefaction. (0114)
Specifically, cold air is discharged from the air conditioner using nighttime and late-night power, and the moisture absorbing / releasing material constituting the building is cooled. Cooling promotes moisture absorption and absorbs condensation heat generated by phase change (liquefaction). (0117)
By absorbing and cooling the interior material, most of the energy of nighttime geothermal and radiative cooling is consumed to absorb the condensed heat. (0141)
* About two aspects of latent heat storage.
The heat insulating material has a low ability to conduct cooling energy inside due to its heat insulating property. That is, liquefaction is slow as the conduction of cooling energy is slow. Even if latent heat storage is attempted, the efficiency is not good. Even if the supply of cooling energy is increased, it is difficult to promote cooling. (0080) Even if the cooling energy is supplied in the form of convection heat by the air conditioner, it is difficult to transfer heat, so it takes time to produce the cooling effect. (0075)
However, the calcium silicate main plate, which is a moisture absorbing / releasing material, can be absorbed in the H2O liquid state. If the efficiency of absorbing cold air is increased immediately before moisture absorption and reaches a saturated state, liquefaction is promoted and the liquid state is increased. It is absorbed as it is. It is an example of latent heat cold storage. When a phase change called liquefaction occurs in the process of moisture absorption and desorption, heat of condensation is also generated. (0078)
So, when absorbing moisture in the air, it absorbs the heat of condensation, promotes liquefaction, and sucks and absorbs liquid H2O, so that the ratio between the moisture absorption and release and the phase change of H2O Contributes to keeping high. (0080) That is, the wall composed of porous building materials is absorbed and cooled from the inside and outside by using radiant cooling at night, and is stored in the latent heat. (0137)
The use of a material that can be absorbed in a liquid state of H2O is suitable for using two types of latent heat storage means for transferring cooling energy. (0078)
* As a means to promote moisture absorption as a means of latent heat storage, use the cooling energy of geothermal and radiative cooling to increase the efficiency of moisture absorption and increase the efficiency of latent heat storage by using an air conditioner. Supply. Utilizes energy transfer associated with moisture absorption and release and H2O phase change, and plays the role of a cold storage device using a housing by means of architectural construction of the building. (0116)
The heat storage in the frame depends on structural materials, interior materials, and heat insulating materials. It becomes a latent heat cold storage means by the cooperation between moisture absorption during cold storage and phase change of liquefaction. (0065)
For example, it stores the cooling energy provided by air conditioners that use radiant cooling, geothermal heat, or midnight power, and promotes moisture absorption and cooling. [0106] An air conditioner that can supply energy in the form of convection heat supplies (convection chilled air) to the air flow path in the form of convection heat energy, and stores the heat in the latent heat as it is in the heat storage body / frame. [0120] In addition, the use of a material that can be absorbed in the H2O liquid state is preferable in using the latent heat regenerator for cooling energy transfer. (0078) That is, if a moisture absorbing / releasing material having a high coordinating ratio between the moisture absorbing / releasing material and the phase change of H 2 O is used, the latent heat cold storage proceeds by cold air, and the moisture content remains high. (0012)
* Comparison with the technical level Where the moisture absorption is due to latent heat storage accompanied by liquefaction, the relative humidity is compared to the technical level where moisture is absorbed or released by the difference between the equilibrium moisture content corresponding to the relative humidity and the moisture content of the moisture absorbing / releasing material. It does not absorb or release moisture depending on the height of the. When absorbing cool air latently, moisture can be absorbed even when the relative humidity is low, and the cool air absorbs and cools and stores heat latently, but in relation to the technical level, it exceeds the range of relative humidity fluctuations. Can absorb moisture and cool. In other words, it is possible to achieve efficient latent heat cold storage based on the idea of promoting absorption of moisture using cooling energy and “promoting liquefaction”. In addition, the use of a material that can be absorbed in the H2O liquid state is preferable in using the latent heat regenerator for cooling energy transfer. (0078) That is, if a moisture absorbing / releasing material having a high coordinating ratio between the moisture absorbing / releasing material and the phase change of H 2 O is used, the latent heat cold storage proceeds by cold air, and the moisture content remains high. (0012)
* Decreasing and preventing thermal insulation performance of moisture absorbing / releasing material and improving thermal insulation performance.
It promotes the creation of heat transfer that contradicts heat insulation and leads to a heat shielding effect that absorbs solar heat, or suppresses the creation of heat transfer that contradicts heat insulation and leads to improvement of heat insulation performance that absorbs solar heat. The problem of control becomes a new problem in utilizing the moisture absorbing / releasing material. (0033)
Specifically, taking into account the action of the heat of condensation, the actual heat insulation performance of the heat insulating material has a performance equal to or higher than the value represented by the numerical value called the heat reflux rate. Furthermore, H2O liquefied by outdoor cold does not permeate the moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet. So it does not amplify heat loss. Furthermore, it is possible to evaporate and dehumidify the cold absorption (latent heat storage) from the outdoors at night by acquiring solar heat energy in the daytime, which leads to improvement of heat insulation performance. (0086)
* Means to supply radiant cooling and / or geothermal heat to the moisture absorbing / releasing material from the outdoor side of the moisture absorbing / releasing material.
(A-2) Radiant cooling at night is supplied to the interior material having moisture absorption and desorption properties through the ceiling space and / or the inner ventilation layer via the wall ventilation system. (For details, see paragraphs 0113 and 0114)
(A-3) The nighttime radiant cooling is supplied to the interior material having moisture absorption and desorption properties by the ceiling space and / or the inner ventilation layer through the open / close vent. (For details, see paragraph 0139 and below)
(A-4) Radiant cooling at night is supplied to a heat insulating material having moisture absorption and desorption properties by a roof ventilation layer and / or an outer ventilation layer that is open to the outside air. (See paragraph 0106 for details)
(B-1) The natural energy of geothermal heat is supplied to the interior material having moisture absorption / release properties through at least the inner ventilation layer of the ceiling back space and / or the inner ventilation layer through the wall ventilation system. (For details, see paragraphs 00099, 0107, 0113, and 0114)
(B-2) The natural energy of geothermal heat is supplied to the interior material having moisture absorption and desorption properties through at least the inner ventilation layer of the ceiling back space and / or the inner ventilation layer through the openable underfloor vent and the underfloor space. (For details, see paragraph 0139 and below)
* Used in at least a portion of the east, west, south face of the roof body excluding the north of claim 1 and / or wall, and a water content have a daily variation difference, and the phase change of Moisture and H2O As a moisture absorbent material with a high ratio of cooperation,
(1) Plate material based on calcium silicate material / Humilite (0074) / Tyrite Wood (0139)
(2) Earth wall material (0074/0128)
(3) Plaster board (0069 ・ 0128 ・ 0139)
The finishing material is a diatomaceous earth finish on the plasterboard base and a paper cloth on the plasterboard base. (0068)
Among the moisture absorbing / releasing materials, earth wall materials, plaster boards, and plate materials mainly composed of calcium silicate materials are used for any of interior (base) materials and heat insulating materials. The earth wall material is mainly used as a heat insulating material.
Note that the material is not limited to the above material as long as it has equivalent performance.

Hereinafter, in addition to the actions and effects of the preceding paragraph, explanations of specific actions and effects in the case of having a dehumidifying function linked to the heat shielding function and actions and effects for improving heat insulation performance will be added.
The heat insulating material has a heat insulating performance specific to the substance, which is expressed by a numerical value called a heat reflux rate. By simple contrivance, the heat insulation performance of the heat insulating material can be improved, and the numerical value of the heat reflux rate inherently can be improved. The simple idea is based on the method of superposing the same type or different types of heat insulating materials.
Heat-insulating materials with moisture absorption and desorption properties are highly useful because they have the property of absorbing and releasing moisture, but the experimentally detected values of the heat reflux rate are generally low and the manufacturing cost may be high. In terms of cost effectiveness, there is a strong sense of value. If the heat reflux rate can be improved with a simple device, the cost-effectiveness of utilizing the characteristics will be improved, the price obstacle will be reduced, and the road will be opened.
Specifically, a moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet is stacked so as to be sandwiched between two heat insulating boards to form a three-layer structure. It ’s just that. The heat insulating panel according to claim 5 (a three-layer laminated structure of a heat insulating material having moisture absorption / release properties, a moisture-permeable windproof waterproof sheet, and a heat insulating material having moisture absorption / release properties) Insulating material with low ratio of cooperation between moisture and H2O phase change, moisture-permeable windproof waterproof sheet, heat insulating material with high ratio of cooperation between moisture absorption and release and H2O phase change (insulation panel 1), moisture absorption and desorption and H2O Insulation material with high ratio of cooperation with phase change of heat, moisture-permeable windproof waterproof sheet, thermal insulation material with high ratio of cooperation between moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change (heat insulation panel 2), phase change of moisture absorption / release and H2O There are three types of laminated structures: a heat insulating material with a low cooperation ratio, a moisture-permeable windproof waterproof sheet, and a heat insulating material with a low cooperation ratio between moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change. Although gaseous H2O permeates the moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet, liquid H2O does not permeate. Depending on whether or not the liquid H2O permeates, there is a difference in the mode of energy conduction. Also, the difference in the liquefaction ratio defines the intensity and intensity of the response to changes in relative humidity, which leads to moisture absorption and release control without energy transfer. Moreover, by setting the moisture permeability to less than 1 g / m 2 · h · mmHg, it is possible to maintain a water-containing pressure difference in addition to the daily fluctuation difference, and in addition, through complementary cooperation with the laminated moisture absorption / release material The water pressure difference can be amplified. Therefore, the moisture absorbing / releasing material can obtain the ability to adjust the humidity inside the room beyond its own humidity adjustment ability and the humidity adjustment effect. In addition, the heat insulation panel according to the twelfth aspect is further provided with the function and effect of the humidity control means, and can directly adjust the humidity of the indoor space by directly contacting the indoor space according to the present shape.
The heat insulation performance expressed by the heat reflux rate relates to the transfer of thermal energy from a warm space to a cold space.
Now, it is assumed that the A surface is in contact with a cold space and the B surface is in contact with a warm space. Since it has moisture absorption / release properties, if cooling and moisture absorption occur simultaneously on the A surface, condensation heat and liquid H2O are generated by liquefaction. If vaporization occurs due to the thermal energy absorbed on the B surface, the heat of vaporization cancels out the previous heat of condensation, and the heat insulation performance remains the same as the original value.只 If the supply of thermal energy is continued on side B, vaporization and moisture release will be further promoted, which not only leads to a decrease in the heat reflux rate, but also increases the actual heat loss, and in particular aims to realize a radiant heating effect. The case is likely to be affected. This is an example in the case where the creation of heat transfer that contradicts heat insulation cannot be suppressed.
Now, liquid H2O does not permeate | transmit a moisture-permeable windproof waterproof sheet. Therefore, there is a difference in the transfer of thermal energy with the moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet as a boundary. When solar radiation acquisition of solar thermal energy can be obtained from the A surface, the liquid H2O on the B surface side is affected as radiant energy and vaporization occurs. This represents a mode of creation of heat transfer that is contrary to the heat insulation in summer. By the way, in the actual environment where heat energy is supplied to the heat insulating material, in the winter season, solar heat energy is acquired by solar radiation on the A side on the outdoor side or the thermal energy of heating is absorbed on the B side on the indoor side. It is either. In the former, the solar heat energy is absorbed on the same side of the A side as the side that holds the liquefied H2O by absorbing the cold and vaporizes and dehumidifies, so the function of the moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet is also added. Does not conduct. In the latter, since the heating temperature is about 20 degrees, if the liquid H2O moves to the B side, it is vaporized and dehumidified. However, the liquid H2O on the A side is prevented from moving to the B side with the moisture-permeable windproof waterproof sheet as a boundary. At least the B side has heat insulating performance, so it is considered extremely rare to conduct warm air to the boundary to vaporize and dehumidify. Therefore, the expansion of heat loss can be prevented. This is an example of suppressing the creation of heat transfer that is contrary to heat insulation. When used in an actual house, the former and the latter are combined. That is, the amount of cool air that is absorbed by the A-side at night can be offset by solar thermal energy acquired by solar radiation on the A-side in the daytime, so that the cool air does not reach the B-side and the heat reflux rate is improved.
In the winter season, the moisture absorption / release material used has an improvement in its heat reflux rate depending on whether the attribute of the B surface placed on the indoor side is high or low in the ratio of coordination between moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change. There is no difference in degree. However, if the indoor and outdoor arrangements are reversed and the B-side is arranged on the outdoor side, the heat insulation panel 1 has a low rate of coordination between moisture absorption and release and H2O phase change, and most of the cold air absorbed at night is sensible heat. And penetrates indoors. In addition, the amount of solar thermal energy obtained by solar radiation in the roof ventilation layer and outer ventilation layer during the daytime is less than the absorption in the form of latent heat, and the emission amount in the form of sensible heat. There are many. Therefore, the effect of improving the heat reflux rate utilizing solar thermal energy is not great. In other words, the difference is large.
By the way, the difference appears in summer. In summer, energy transfer occurs due to the creation of heat transfer that is contrary to heat insulation even if cold air is supplied from the inside on the B side. In reality, the radiation cooling energy is absorbed on the A surface at night, and solar thermal energy is acquired by the solar radiation in the daytime to be vaporized and released. Therefore, solar energy can be absorbed during the day according to the amount of latent heat stored at night. In other words, it affects the size of the heat insulation capability during the daytime and the size of the indoor dehumidifying effect at night. Therefore, both the heat insulation panels 1 and 2 have a large heat shielding capability.
The heat insulation panel 1 has a low latent heat storage capacity from the B surface, and the dehumidification capacity linked to the heat insulation is not high. There is little need to transmit solar heat energy from the A side beyond the moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet, and if a moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet with high heat insulation performance is selected, the sensible heat is reflected on the sheet surface and the sensible heat on the B surface Transmission is further reduced. It can contribute to increasing the efficiency of blocking sensible heat and making sensible heat latent. On the other hand, the heat insulation panel 2 has a high latent heat storage capacity from the B surface, and accordingly has a high dehumidification capacity in conjunction with heat insulation. The ability of dehumidification and heat insulation is high, so it is optimal when a large amount of cold air can be generated and supplied using an air conditioner. In order to promote the creation of heat transfer that is contrary to heat insulation, it is highly necessary to transmit solar thermal energy from the A side beyond the moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet, and it is obvious when a moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet with low heat shielding performance is selected. Heat permeates the sheet surface and contributes to vaporization of liquid H 2 O. In addition, various elements are entangled in which direction vaporized H2O permeates. It is important to improve the efficiency of conduction beyond the inherent moisture conductivity of the substance. Retrospectively, the idea affects the environmental maintenance in which vaporization occurs due to a decrease in atmospheric pressure.
In the Example of the heat insulation panel 2, it is an example of the latent heat cold storage which absorbs moisture and cools indoors. If solar thermal energy is acquired by solar radiation from the outside, it is vaporized and dehumidified from the outdoor side of the seat. If this phase change progresses, it directly acts on H2O on the indoor side of the sheet in the form of radiant heat to promote vaporization. At that time, most of the H 2 O is dehumidified to the outdoor side due to the pressure due to vaporization expansion and the pressure drop in the outer ventilation layer due to the action of the blower fan. In addition, if the supply of cool air from the indoor is continued during this period, the direction of moisture movement is maintained as it is. The supply of cool air depends on the cool air generated by geothermal, radiant cooling and air conditioning.
When the cool air generated by using the air conditioner is not used as heat shielding energy, the heat insulation panel 1 is implemented. However, since the indoor dehumidifying load cannot be reduced, it must depend on the dehumidifying capacity of the air conditioner. As a result, the amount of heat generated and released increases. However, as described in paragraphs 0082-0083 and 0096, the dehumidification system using midnight power can be suitably implemented.
The effect of nighttime radiation cooling is added to promote moisture absorption and cooling on the outdoor side, and the heat insulating layer can hold liquefied H2O. The liquefied H2O functions to block moisture conduction, and the sheet blocks liquefied H2O conduction. Therefore, while the liquefied H 2 O is held, the backflow of moisture can be prevented regardless of the relative humidity level inside and outside the heat insulating layer. In other words, the moisture absorbed from the outdoor side changes to a substance that cannot permeate the moisture permeable waterproof sheet by liquefying itself, and further, permeate into the indoor side of H2O that is absorbed as moisture and retained as moisture (backflow) ).
In order to promote the use of cool air by ventilation, an outer ventilation layer and a roof ventilation layer are provided, and moisture absorption / cooling is promoted to the heat insulation layer that has a high ratio of coordination between moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change. Plan. In summer, the energy stored in the latent heat at night can be used as heat insulation energy during the daytime.
By using the blower fan, the air flow rate in the outer ventilation layer and the roof ventilation layer can be increased. It encourages the supply of cold and moisture from radiant cooling at night. Since the efficiency of latent heat cold storage can be increased, the energy source for heat insulation that can be used in the daytime is also increased. Since the effect can be aimed at, the blower fan operates day and night. However, if a large amount of cold air can be generated and supplied indoors using an air conditioner, and heat generation is promoted and vaporization and moisture release are promoted, the blower fan is turned off at night and liquefied from indoors. It is also effective to increase the efficiency of movement of H2O. In that case, the indoor dehumidifying effect is enhanced. See paragraphs 0080-0081.
In the embodiment of the thermal insulation panel 1, the energy of the radiant cooling at night is promoted in the form of latent heat storage for use on the outdoor side, but not on the indoor side. This is noticeable when the air conditioner is used indoors. That is, latent heat storage using the cooling energy generated by the air conditioner is not promoted, and as a result, energy transfer is not promoted, and moisture transfer can be separated from energy transfer.
When solid board such as cedar board is used for inner wall material as moisture absorption / release material with a low ratio of moisture absorption / release and phase change of H2O, it is possible to increase the humidity by increasing the moisture absorption / release capacity of ceiling and inner wall material. The humidity capacity can be obtained, and the humidity in the room can be kept below 70% throughout the summer without using a dehumidifier. Furthermore, the humidity adjustment using both the moisture absorbing / releasing function of the ceiling and the inner wall and the air conditioner can be suitably performed. Specifically, when operating an air conditioner using midnight power to cool or dehumidify a room, not only can it be efficiently dehumidified while preventing the reverse flow of moisture, but it can also be used without being dehumidified by an air conditioner in the daytime. The material can absorb moisture and dehumidify from the room, and the relative humidity in the room can be kept at 60% or less. In other words, daytime humidity control using midnight power can be implemented as a system.
In carrying out the heat shielding function, it is possible to expect a dehumidifying effect that absorbs moisture from the inside and exhausts it to the outside through the heat insulating layer.
See the previous section for information on moisture backflow.
After all, as a function, the function and effect of absorbing moisture from the B surface and releasing it to the B surface (function of amplifying the water pressure difference that promotes a decrease in water content beyond the relationship of relative humidity, parallel water content, and water content) Including). Action and effect of absorbing moisture from side B and releasing moisture from side A after conduction of moisture (creation of heat conductivity contrary to heat insulation). Action and effect of absorbing moisture from surface A and releasing moisture from surface A (improvement of heat insulation performance in winter by suppressing energy transfer using a waterproof sheet). The above three actions and effects can be realized, and further, the action of absorbing moisture from the A surface and releasing moisture from the B surface after the conduction of moisture can be suppressed.
It should be noted that both the A side and B side promote and suppress the creation of heat transfer that is contrary to the heat insulating property even when the heat insulating panel is configured by a heat insulating material with a low ratio of moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change. It is possible to suppress the reverse flow of moisture and the increase in the dehumidifying load, and it is also possible to improve the heat reflux rate that expresses the heat insulation performance by the numerical value.

The means for ventilation ventilation according to claim 9 and 20.
Fresh air taken into the underfloor space through the air supply communication pipe can be supplied with warm air or cold air by means of heat storage / heat radiation in the underfloor space. Therefore, the underfloor space is kept at a positive pressure. On the other hand, since the indoor space is maintained at a negative pressure, air passing through the inner ventilation layer from the underfloor space can flow into the indoor space communicating through the communication port. At that time, the warm energy or cold energy supplied in the underfloor space travels as a convective energy on the air flow in the ventilation layer. When moving through the ventilation layer, energy transfer to the wall as the casing occurs, and the wall body is heated or cooled. It becomes an element of radiant heating or cooling. Together with the radiant energy from the floor, it can lead to the formation of a radiant heating or radiant cooling system.
By the way, in order to carry out radiation heating and cooling appropriately, heat loss must be minimized. The heat loss through the wall is affected by the heat insulation performance at the design stage on the airtight performance during construction. In cold regions, it is also necessary to improve the heat insulation performance by the method of additional heat insulation.
In the case of simplifying the structure of the roof body, compared with the solar thermal energy, even if the means for heat shielding function, the energy is transmitted. Therefore, we will implement efficient energy discharge in addition to heat insulation. In that case, it is important to link ventilation and indoor air circulation to efficient energy discharge.
In summer, open the air intake at the top of the indoor. Solar heat that has passed through the heat insulation layer of the roof warms the indoor air, but the warmed air is light and rises and concentrates on the top of the room. Therefore, warm air is efficiently discharged outside the building from the intake port through the exhaust communication pipe. In other words, warm air is efficiently collected and discharged using the structure of the roof body and the nature of warm air.
In winter, the air intake installed at the top of the indoors is closed to make exhausting impossible. Therefore, the air is exhausted only from the air intake installed near the floor or in the middle, and the heated and raised air circulates in the room and is then discharged from the air intake through the exhaust communication pipe. As a result, it is possible to ventilate while serving as an energy supply to the room and a supply of fresh air rich in oxygen.
A normal ventilation system will be equipped with ventilation fans for the first and second floors. On the other hand, when the wall space is incorporated in the ventilation system as a ventilation layer, a single ventilation fan can be provided. In that case, fresh air can flow into the room, circulate through the room, and then be discharged outside the building if the airtightness can be secured. It is not easy to separate and exhaust the cool air.
In the living space of the building, in the living room or living / dining room, which is an important element both in terms of position and area, an atrium is provided from the first floor to the second floor and the back of the hut.
Warm and light air rises and cold and heavy air descends. Therefore, the air that has been warmed and lightened through the vents is likely to rise, and by using the ventilation system, the air can be exhausted outside the building through the air inlet provided at the top of the vents, so the pressure at that part is descend. Therefore, the warmed and lighter air is more likely to rise and separate from cold air.
The ventilation system is provided with an exhaust communication pipe for exhausting outside the building. An intake port connected to the exhaust communication pipe is provided at the uppermost portion of the blowout portion. Therefore, it can be exhausted outside the building through the air inlet from the top. On the other hand, the outside of the building and the underfloor space communicate with each other through an air supply communication pipe, communicate with the inner ventilation layer in the wall body to form a flow path, and communicate with the indoor space through the communication port of the wall portion. Therefore, fresh air taken from outside the building is chilled in summer in the process of passing through the underfloor space, and is still cold and heavy when flowing through the flow path and entering the indoor space. As a whole, fresh and chilled air circulates in places in the indoor space that touch the human body. In addition, what can flow into the indoor space through the flow path from the underfloor space is due to a pressure difference generated between the underfloor space and the indoor space. Without this pressure difference, the cooled air will not rise up the inner ventilation layer and flow into the indoor space.
The inner wall is cooled from the underfloor space through the inner ventilation layer. It exhibits a radiant cooling effect. On the other hand, the air in the indoor space near the inner wall is colder than the central part. The chilled air consumes oxygen and cold air as it flows through the indoor space as convection cold air. On the other hand, it is warmed and lightened. The warmed and light air rises together with the negative pressure factor in the blow-off area, and is thus discharged outside the building through the top inlet. Eventually, even if convection-type cold air and warm air are mixed in the ascending process, the cooling effect is sustained by the radiation cooling effect.
By the above simple device, it is possible to separate warm air and cold air while obtaining a radiation cooling effect, and to preferentially exhaust warm and oxygen-consuming air.

Regarding the humidity control, when using a heat insulating material with moisture absorption / release properties for the heat insulating layer of the wall, after cooling energy is supplied from the radiant cooling / geothermal / air conditioner in the underfloor space, it is cooled in the process of circulating in the flow path. Energy loses moisture in the form of being absorbed and absorbed by a heat insulating material that absorbs and releases moisture. As a result, air with a reduced relative humidity flows into the room from the flow path, improving the indoor temperature and humidity environment.
The heat-insulating layer with moisture absorption and desorption absorbs and absorbs the cooling energy of radiant cooling on the outdoor side, while contributing to the absorption and latent heat absorption of solar thermal energy acquired by daytime solar radiation combined with H2O absorbed and liquefied indoors. . That is, heat insulation.
The effect of heat insulation does not stop only to suppress indoor temperature rise. Absorbs moisture from the indoor side where the relative humidity is low and moves to the outdoor side, regardless of the outdoor relative humidity level, because the moisture in the heat insulation layer can be stably vaporized and released outside by absorbing solar heat. It is possible to prevent the backflow of moisture from the outside to the inside.
By the way, the flooring is determined by the relationship between the relative humidity, the moisture content, and the equilibrium moisture content, depending on the nature and environment of use. Then, the air in the underfloor space is cooled by geothermal / radiative cooling or cold air generated / supplied by the air conditioner, and the relative humidity increases. Therefore, moisture can be absorbed from the underfloor space where the relative humidity is increased, and can pass through the flooring and be released into the indoor space where the relative humidity is low. The problem is solved both from the management of the moisture content of the flooring material and from the reduction of the risk of condensation in the underfloor space. Furthermore, the indoor humidity waits for solar thermal energy, passes through the heat insulating layer in contact with the room, and is discharged outdoors. Eventually, the problem can be solved even in suitably managing the dehumidifying load.
When outside air is introduced under the floor by operating the ventilation system, a large amount of moisture contained in the air with high relative humidity in summer passes through the inner ventilation layer communicating with the under-floor space and passes through the heat insulation layer of the wall to the outside. Discharged. Therefore, two different discharge paths are formed together with the discharge path that passes through the floor material in contact with the underfloor space and is released into the room.
The roles of the two dissimilar discharge channels are complementary. One is to move moisture by ventilation, that is, in a manner similar to energy transfer by convection heat. The disadvantage of this method is that it is difficult to maintain a favorable ventilation throughout the underfloor space. Moreover, it is difficult to specially use means such as stirring that causes air pollution. Under such circumstances, the moisture that is concentrated in a part of the floor is absorbed by the moisture absorbent material, preventing the relative humidity from staying high and eliminating the risk of condensation. . In other words, the discharge path due to moisture absorption / release is formed as long as it prevents the high relative humidity from stopping in summer and eliminates the risk of condensation, that is, it is formed when necessary. There is no discharge channel when the relative humidity of the outside air is low as in winter.
When operating an air conditioner installed in an underfloor space or indoors, moisture is discharged directly to the outdoors. When this third discharge path is formed and acts and effects in reality, the previous two discharge paths operate favorably without increasing the dehumidification load of the air conditioner, and discharge moisture to the outdoors. To contribute. In other words, as long as the three discharge paths are suitably implemented within the range of their functions, they can contribute to the realization of an indoor dehumidifying effect and can realize a comfortable indoor environment.
Ultimately, by utilizing solar thermal energy, moisture can be suitably discharged outdoors, and the water content of each member (finishing material for floors, walls, ceilings, structural materials such as foundations, columns, beams, etc.) Rate management can be suitably implemented.

Natural energy such as geothermal, radiant cooling and solar heat is not always available. There may be restrictions on the time zone that can be used directly at night or only in the daytime. Even in that case, if the surplus energy is used for heat storage and can be used effectively in a time zone that cannot be used originally, the heat storage system is valuable.
Now, in order to effectively use natural energy, it is important to prepare energy that can be used complementarily. In addition, it is desirable from the viewpoint of cost reduction that the same heat storage system can be used. Then, even if it says from the high energy consumption efficiency, the first candidate is the energy supply by an air conditioner. In addition, if socially surplus midnight power can be used effectively, it will be beneficial both in terms of initial cost and running cost. In consideration of the efficiency of energy supply by convection heat to the air circulation means and the heat storage means, the air conditioner is preferably installed in the underfloor space.
When the energy supply means intends to supply energy by convection heat, the heat storage method is limited from the viewpoint of the efficiency of heat storage and heat dissipation. The direct heat storage on the foundation soil concrete cannot obtain the effect sufficiently, and the necessary amount of heat storage cannot be secured.只 The heat storage capacity becomes enormous when combined with the heat storage in the ground, and a sufficient capacity can be secured.
In terms of efficiency, heat storage and heat dissipation using energy transfer accompanying the phase change of solidification / melting are excellent. However, since the heat storage capacity of the heat storage material is not large, if the necessary amount of air conditioning for the entire building is secured, there will be restrictions in terms of construction and initial cost.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1, the heat storage body composed of the heat storage material, the foundation soil concrete, and the ground are considered as one heat storage layer. Since the heat storage body and the foundation soil concrete are in direct contact with each other, heat can be transferred by the heat transfer method, and heat can also be transferred from the foundation soil concrete to the ground by the heat transfer method. The movement is efficient. In addition, since it is a direct energy transfer in a building with high airtight insulation performance, no energy loss occurs, and it can be said that this is an extremely efficient heat storage means.
The underground is about 5M below the surface, and the temperature is stable throughout the year.只 In order to stably supply a large amount of energy from there, facilities and equipment become large, which is disadvantageous in terms of initial cost. Therefore, the 2M environment below the earth's surface is used for heat storage. As one of the contrivances, heat insulation is laid on the lower surface of the foundation soil concrete for the 2M to 3M portion from the fabric foundation around the building. With just that ingenuity, it is possible to reduce the effects of temperature changes on the surface of the earth, and in areas where heat insulation is not laid down, it is possible to realize an environment of 2 to 3M below the surface of the earth, which also serves as an energy supply means that effectively uses that environment. As a heat storage layer, heat loss can be prevented accordingly. In addition, by attaching a moisture-proof sheet to the lower surface of the concrete between the foundation soil, it is possible to prevent moisture from entering the ground, and at the same time, it is effective in preventing heat loss. In addition, since the piping facilities indispensable for the use of the building are concentrated near the foundation around the building, even if water leaks, the influence on the heat storage layer is small. In addition, there is an advantage that management and repair can be easily performed.
Not only the efficiency of heat storage, but also the efficiency of heat dissipation is high. Taking an example during cooling, the heat storage body radiates heat (cools) while melting in a form corresponding to the temperature change in the underfloor space. Moreover, since the energy stored in the concrete directly in contact with the foundation soil is replenished to the heat storage body by a heat transfer method, the energy supply to the underfloor space can be continued even if the heat storage capacity of the heat storage body is exceeded.
The energy supply to the underfloor space and the heat storage layer is supplied directly to the underfloor space in the form of convection heat when seeking an energy source from the solar heat / air conditioner, on the other hand, via the air circulation means from the underfloor space to the indoor space. The energy can be stored in the indoor space, and on the other hand, energy can be stored in the heat storage layer composed of the heat storage body, the concrete between the foundation soil and the ground from the underfloor space via the heat storage body. Furthermore, although geothermal heat is directly supplied from the ground to the heat storage layer by heat transfer, it is particularly efficient in increasing the utilization efficiency of cold air as an energy source for cooling. By adding heat dissipation through the heat storage body, it becomes easier to use as cold air, and the supply of cold air via the air circulation means between the underfloor space and the indoor space can also control the supply time zone I can do it. Further, by changing the direction of the blower fan provided in the communication pipe, it is possible to easily change the cooling and heating circulation paths. Note that solar heat collection is performed through the roof vent layer, and supply to the underfloor space uses a known means using a communication pipe.

The previous “liquefaction” means so-called condensation. Condensation has long been avoided as it causes damage to buildings. For that reason, the use of dew condensation as an “action” requires spiritual conflict and leap. Samurai, mental struggles / leaps are not enough. Specifically, an increase in the moisture content of the frame including the heat insulating material is inevitable, and it is necessary to pay attention to the harmful effects associated with the increase in the moisture content.
By the way, an increase in the moisture content of the skeleton tends to foster an environment that is prone to the growth of mold and decaying fungi. In that sense, an increase in moisture content is not always desirable. However, the water content must be maintained at a high level for efficient operation and operation of the heat shield and dehumidification mechanism. In other words, it has a contradictory nature. Therefore, while suppressing the increase in the moisture content of the housing, that is, while appropriately controlling the moisture content of the housing, it cooperates with improving the efficiency of moisture absorption / cooling and improving the efficiency of moisture release / heat absorption, thereby providing a heat shielding / dehumidification mechanism. Efficient operation and operation of the system has become a major issue.

By the way, the relative humidity when moisture is absorbed by the wall at night increases due to a decrease in ambient temperature, and the pressure of moisture absorption increases. At that time, if liquefaction occurs due to the phase change of H2O, the temperature rises due to condensation heat generated at the same time. It will be a factor. After all, if the supply of cooling energy sufficient to cause liquefaction does not continue, the phase change will not continue.
When H 2 O changes phase and evaporates, heat of vaporization is taken away from the surroundings. If the generation of this heat of vaporization continues, the temperature rise of the wall body due to solar radiation acquisition is suppressed by the accumulation of the heat of vaporization.
By the way, if liquid "water" is directly supplied to and absorbed by the wall, it will take away heat of vaporization when it vaporizes and evaporates, so it continuously absorbs daytime solar heat and vaporizes and evaporates. Is possible.只 Since the method of directly absorbing water is not adopted, the conventional method does not continuously take away the heat of vaporization from the surroundings.
Therefore, as an alternative to the supply and absorption of “water”, the absorption of moisture and the absorption of cooling energy are performed in cooperation, and latent heat-type cold storage, which is a phase change that leads to condensation heat and water generation in the wall, is important. Become. In addition, the effect of heat insulation using latent heat can be obtained within the range of the total amount of cooling energy (radiation cooling / geothermal) that has been invested in order to absorb the heat of condensation generated when liquefied through phase change.

Even when the supply of moisture to the wall body and the supply of cooling energy cannot be controlled, the cooperation between moisture absorption / release and the phase change of H 2 O can be seen.
In concrete terms, the old houses built from earthen walls are designed to be ventilated and have a true wall structure. Therefore, moisture and radiant cooling energy are supplied by ventilation. And the night latent heat type cold storage is possible by cooperation of moisture absorption to the earth wall and radiation cooling absorption. The difference between absorbing moisture and absorbing liquid H 2 O has been processed without being vaguely distinguished in terms of means and effects. That is the state of the art.
And, in the daytime solar radiation acquisition, generation of vaporization heat due to moisture release and phase change occurs. This is the primordial mechanism for heat insulation in the linkage between moisture absorption / release and radiation cooling absorption / release. However, since the direction of moisture absorption and the direction of moisture release are not controlled, the effect of humidity adjustment in the daytime is small. In addition, reviewing from energy transfer as a function of condensation (liquefaction), taking it as a part of heat transfer energy transfer, and enhancing the effect of dehumidification and heat insulation while using solar water solar radiation acquisition for moisture content management There was also no. Eventually, it does not lead to the development of an advanced heat shielding / dehumidifying mechanism that can control the cooperation between moisture absorption / release and the phase change of H 2 O with respect to its direction and the like. Furthermore, since it is impossible to control the creation of heat transfer, there is no means for suppressing the generation of energy loss in winter.

In contrast, the new technology stores the cooling energy provided by air conditioners using radiant cooling, geothermal heat, and midnight power, while at the same time supplying it to the indoor space to promote moisture absorption and cooling in the thermal insulation layer, thereby adjusting indoor humidity. In addition, the heat insulation function during the daytime can be suitably implemented while leading to the discharge in the form of latent heat of moisture utilizing solar solar radiation acquisition.
The water content management is preferably carried out by utilizing the difference in the latent heat storage mode of the heat insulating material having moisture absorption / release properties. Specifically, the heat insulating layer on the north side from which solar heat solar radiation acquisition cannot be obtained is formed using a heat insulating material having a low ratio of cooperation between moisture absorption and liquefaction, or using a heat insulating material that does not have moisture absorption / release properties. With this simple device, the increase in moisture content of the heat insulation layer is suppressed, and the latent heat storage with liquefaction is promoted. On the other hand, the humidity control effect in the room is improved, while the heat insulation effect is increased in the daytime. Can do.
In detail, if the heat insulating layer is made of a heat insulating material with a low ratio of moisture absorption and liquefaction, most of the absorbed moisture is retained as moisture and discharged to the outside through the outer ventilation layer and roof ventilation layer. The Since it does not contain much latent heat energy, it is not necessary to acquire solar heat solar radiation, and can be supplied with kinetic energy necessary for vaporization from a room temperature gas in the daytime. Therefore, even if the heat insulation layer on the north side where the sun does not radiate is constructed using a heat insulating material with a low ratio of moisture absorption and liquefaction, the required moisture can be released, resulting in a high water content. Can be avoided.
However, in the above-mentioned means, the limit of humidity control in the room comes early, and it is not possible to suitably perform the humidity control that is comfortable. In order to realize comfortable humidity control, it is necessary to devise a simple method. It has a three-layer structure in which a heat insulating material having moisture absorption / release properties is divided into two layers, and a moisture-permeable windproof waterproof sheet is sandwiched between them. The simple environment can make the humidity environment more comfortable. The effect appears remarkably when dehumidifying indoors using a dehumidifier in a warm region, or when cooling energy is supplied and dehumidified using an air conditioner. (See paragraphs 0084-0085 for details.)
In the daytime, the fan that leads to the ventilation hole under the roof ridge is driven, and the air in the roof ventilation layer and the space under the roof ridge is forcibly discharged outside the building. Then, the flow rate of the outside air through the outer ventilation layer communicating with the roof ventilation layer increases due to the atmospheric pressure. When the air flow is activated, the increase in relative humidity and the increase in atmospheric pressure are prevented, but rather the moisture release from the heat insulating material is continuously promoted by the decrease in relative humidity and the decrease in boiling point resulting from the decrease in atmospheric pressure. That is, the efficiency of moisture release is improved. And in order to control the inflow of outside air and to prevent the backflow from the building ventilation opening, the openable building ventilation opening is closed.
If the moisture release from the heat insulating material of the heat insulating layer is continued and strengthened, the moisture content of the heat insulating material decreases more rapidly as the surface becomes, resulting in a water content pressure difference. Therefore, it is necessary to replenish H2O.
When the blower fan is driven at night, replenishment of the moisture content of the heat insulating material due to daytime moisture release is positively performed from the moisture contained in the outside air taken in through the outer ventilation layer. In this case, even with respect to the heat of condensation caused by moisture absorption and phase change, the outside air taken in from the lower end of the outer ventilation layer is cooled due to the temperature drop due to radiative cooling, and the condensation energy takes the effect of the cooling energy. Heat is processed. Since heat is not applied to the heat insulating material, moisture absorption is continued and maintained efficiently.
The energy stored by liquefaction at night absorbs solar thermal energy acquired by solar radiation in the daytime, and changes sensible heat into an energy source for vaporization and moisture release in the form of latent heat called moisture. This leads to a daytime heat insulation effect.
When the blower fan is not operated at night, acquisition of radiant cooling through the outer ventilation layer and the roof ventilation layer is suppressed, and as a result, moisture absorption from the outside is also suppressed. Accordingly, moisture absorption from the indoor due to a decrease in the moisture content in the daytime in the heat insulating layer is promoted, and the indoor dehumidifying effect can be enhanced.

In the new technology, the cooling energy provided by radiant cooling and geothermal heat is supplied as air flows through the secured channel. At the same time, the supply of moisture and moisture absorption activity can be controlled and promoted by securing the flow path. In addition, when the moisture absorption is accompanied by a liquefaction phase change, the temperature of the air after transferring the cooling energy to the heat insulating layer rises. Therefore, it is possible to distribute the air having a decreased relative humidity and the air having an increased temperature after the moisture is absorbed and to flow into the room. At the same time, it is necessary and possible to continuously distribute and supply new cooling energy. Therefore, it is possible to control the ratio of cooperation between moisture absorption and liquefaction, maintain heat conductivity contrary to heat insulation, and lead to control of the amount of energy transfer. This is made possible by a 24-hour ventilation system in conjunction with a double wall ventilation system and a ventilation system in the building.
Furthermore, it is possible to promote the release of moisture from the wall body and the moisture exhausting activity through the ventilation layer regardless of the presence or absence of a phase change. Moreover, although it is restricted by the amount of kinetic energy acquired from the outdoors, it enables energy transfer from the inside. Indoor humidity control effect through control (promotion / suppression) through complementary cooperation through complementary cooperation between the exhaust heat system in the form of moisture and the humidification / cooling system provided in the previous 24-hour ventilation system It can be developed into an advanced heat shielding and dehumidifying mechanism that can connect the effect of suppressing the temperature rise.

In order to lead the function of the mechanism that links the indoor moisture absorption / release function and the phase change of H2O in the intended direction, and to bring about a more comfortable indoor environment, the functions that play the respective roles must further increase the efficiency. Don't be.
In order to link the indoor moisture absorption / release function and the phase change of H2O, the outer ventilation layer and the inner ventilation layer and the roof ventilation layer and the ceiling space separated from each other by the heat insulating material are intended to complement each other, In pursuit of the efficiency of each function, it is necessary to quickly realize the energy transfer accompanying the “phase change of H 2 O” that occurs on the surface of the heat insulating material having moisture absorption and desorption properties and inside.

The roof ventilation layer communicates with the outside ventilation layer. Normally, when outside air is introduced from the lower end and heated by solar heat through the outer wall and expands, it naturally rises and goes out of the building through the communicating space under the roof building and the building ventilation opening. Released. The relative humidity of the air that has absorbed heat decreases, and the equilibrium moisture content of the heat insulating material also decreases. The divergence from the moisture content before compliance increases, and the pressure of moisture release increases. Moreover, the heat insulation itself accumulates heat by solar radiation acquisition, and the transfer of kinetic energy in the heat insulation becomes easy, the pressure in the void rises due to expansion due to vaporization, and the conduction of moisture accompanying the phase change (vaporization) of H2O and The pressure of moisture release is further increased. Therefore, the introduced outside air contains a large amount of moisture released from the heat insulating material (humidity accompanied by phase change / humidity not accompanied by phase change) and plays a role of carrying out moisture.
In exhausting solar thermal energy acquired by solar radiation, conventional wall double ventilation systems and systems using heat-absorbing and heat-insulating materials discharge energy together with air in the form of sensible heat. On the other hand, in the new technology, the heat is confined in the form of latent heat called moisture, and the energy is discharged outside the building through the outdoor outer ventilation layer, the attic space, and the space under the building along with the air and the remaining sensible heat.
Now, after closing the openable and closable roof building ventilation port that connects the building ventilation port and the space under the roof building, the communication pipe and the blower fan that communicates with the outside air from the building space are driven to force the air in the shed space To the outside of the building. Then, the flow rate of the outside air through the outer ventilation layer communicating with the roof ventilation layer increases due to the atmospheric pressure. When the air flow is activated, the increase in relative humidity and the increase in atmospheric pressure are prevented, but rather the moisture release from the heat insulating material is continuously promoted by the decrease in relative humidity and the decrease in boiling point resulting from the decrease in atmospheric pressure. That is, the efficiency of moisture release is improved.
If moisture release from the heat insulating material of the heat insulating layer is continued and strengthened, the moisture content of the heat insulating material decreases more rapidly as the surface. Therefore, it is necessary to replenish H2O.
When the blower fan is driven at night, replenishment of the moisture content of the heat insulating material due to daytime moisture release is positively performed from the moisture contained in the outside air taken in through the outer ventilation layer. In this case, even with respect to the heat of condensation caused by moisture absorption and phase change, the outside air taken in from the lower end of the outer ventilation layer is cooled due to the temperature drop due to radiative cooling, and the condensation energy takes the effect of the cooling energy. Heat is processed. Since heat is not applied to the heat insulating material, moisture absorption is continued and maintained efficiently.

In the present invention, the driving of the blower fan is limited to daytime and is used as a measure for improving the efficiency of moisture release. At night, the air blowing fan is not driven, the air flow in the flow path is suppressed, and the moisture supply from the outside to the heat insulating layer through the outer ventilation layer and the roof ventilation layer is suppressed.
This will be described in more detail. In the daytime, when the blower fan is driven to lower the relative humidity and the atmospheric pressure, the equilibrium moisture content in the heat insulating material and the boiling point of H 2 O are lowered and moisture is released. As a result, the moisture content of the heat insulating material is lower than before.
When the outside air temperature decreases at night, the relative humidity increases, the equilibrium moisture content in the heat insulating material increases, and a deviation from the water content in the heat insulating material occurs, resulting in a recovery capacity of the water content.
Usually, the moisture content is restored by replenishment from the inside of the heat insulating material and moisture absorption through the outer ventilation layer and the attic space. In the daytime, the width of the “deviation” is increased by using the blower fan, and the dependency on the replenishment from the inside of the heat insulating material is as long as the increased width of the “deviation” is filled by using the night blower fan. growing. This results in a pressure of H 2 O movement from the inside to the outside in the insulation. Therefore, when the night blower fan is stopped and not used, moisture absorption from the outside is suppressed, so that the pressure of H2O movement from the indoor side to the outdoor side increases.
Now, if moisture conductivity is increased depending only on the properties of the material, such as providing a large number of continuous voids, it will hinder the maintenance of airtightness and heat insulation required in winter. Therefore, the performance is improved by combining the performance of the material and other factors than the performance of the material.
In the daytime, air blower fans are operated to promote the moisture release to the outside in the heat insulation layer, and from the indoor side in the heat insulating material to the outdoor side due to the synergistic effect with the pressure of moisture conduction caused by the vaporization and expansion of liquid H2O The H2O transfer pressure increases, and the efficiency of dehumidification indoors can be improved in combination with the high efficiency of moisture absorption and cooling of the heat insulating material.
At night, the fan is stopped to prevent moisture absorption and cooling from the outside. The amount that can be suppressed is replenished by moisture absorption and cooling from the inside, and the effect of dehumidification from the inside is improved accordingly.
In both daytime and nighttime, create and maintain the pressure of H2O movement from the indoor side to the outdoor side exceeding the moisture conductivity of the material, promote moisture absorption through the inner ventilation layer and ceiling space, and restore moisture content Through the promotion, it is possible to improve the efficiency of moisture absorption / cooling on the indoor side while suppressing an increase in the moisture content, and to improve the efficiency of indoor dehumidification. This action / effect is secured by solar solar radiation acquisition.

How to achieve high efficiency of moisture supply and moisture absorption, focusing on the work of the inner ventilation layer and the ceiling space that is the moisture supply side.
On the other hand, a decrease in the moisture content in the heat insulation layer due to the release of H2O by solar radiation acquisition during the daytime creates a recovery of the moisture absorption capacity at night. As a result, it leads to a humidity control function of the indoor space due to moisture absorption in the indoor space. As described above, if the blower fan is operated even at night, the supply of moisture and cold from outside is urged, and the absorption and movement of moisture from the inside is reduced accordingly.
Under a climate close to a very cold region compared to a warm region, as a result of heating, the temperature difference between indoors and outdoors is severe in winter. Therefore, it is important to deal with the movement in the opposite direction to that of summer as a risk with respect to the movement of heat through the heat insulation layer and the transfer of heat energy accompanying the phase change of H2O. The air circulation path is changed between winter and summer by means of opening and closing the communication port. Thereby, it is possible to suitably control the cooperation between the ceiling space isolated by the heat insulating layer and the cabin space.
About measures against heat loss in winter. In winter, air flow from the ceiling space to the room is eliminated by closing the communication port that connects the room and the ceiling space. Therefore, the flow path to the ceiling space is removed from the air circulation path, and the supply of air is not promoted. Therefore, the link between the two spaces separated by the heat insulation layer is broken. As a result, the entry and exit of moisture between the ceiling space and the roof ventilation layer through the heat insulating layer is not promoted, and heat loss due to that is avoided.
The air circulation is performed in such a manner that the inner ventilation layer communicates with the indoor space through a communication port provided in the inner wall, and the outside air introduced by the air supply communication pipe passes through the flow path through the underfloor space and the inner ventilation layer. Furthermore, when heat energy is supplied in the underfloor space, the heat energy is transferred and stored efficiently in the process of passing through the flow path through the underfloor space and the inner ventilation layer. Therefore, when heat energy is supplied to the underfloor space from the energy supply means such as an air conditioner and energy storage means described in the previous section, a sufficient amount of energy is stored as sensible heat in the enclosure via the circulation channel, and heating as radiant heat is performed. An effect can be suitably obtained.
In the summer, some of the communication openings on the inner wall are closed, the communication openings on the ceiling are opened, and the space behind the ceiling, the indoor space, the inner ventilation layer, and the indoor space are communicated. Ensure a flow path through the back space. Therefore, the outside air introduced by the air supply communication pipe passes through the flow path through the underfloor space, the inner ventilation layer, and the ceiling space. Therefore, cooperation between the ceiling space isolated by the heat insulation layer and the roof ventilation layer is secured and promoted. And the humidity which distribute | circulates a flow path is discharge | released to a roof ventilation layer through a heat insulation layer by the effect | action of the mechanism which accelerates | stimulates cooperation of two space which was isolated.

About the heat insulating material which promotes liquefaction and the heat insulating material which does not promote.
Even if moisture absorption is promoted by the difference between the relative humidity and the equilibrium moisture content and the moisture content is increased, it does not immediately lead to the promotion of phase change (liquefaction) in the heat insulating material. The promotion of liquefaction depends on the promotion of absorption of cooling energy capable of treating the heat of condensation generated with liquefaction. However, the heat insulating material has a low ability to conduct cooling energy inside due to its heat insulating property. That is, liquefaction is slow as the conduction of cooling energy is slow. Even if latent heat storage is attempted, the efficiency is not good. Then, even if the supply of cooling energy is increased, the cooling cannot be efficiently performed according to the increase. Therefore, it is a challenge to achieve efficient latent heat storage.
If we understand the above in relation to the process of latent heat cold storage, using a heat insulating material with the characteristic of absorbing H2O liquefied on the surface of the heat insulating layer will absorb condensation heat when absorbing moisture in the air. By accelerating liquefaction and sucking / absorbing liquid H2O, it contributes to maintaining a high "cooperation ratio" between moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change. Therefore, even when the moisture content in the daytime is reduced, the cooling energy can be absorbed and retained, the efficient energy transfer can be continued, and the heat shielding and dehumidifying effect can be maintained. It should be noted that the reason why latent heat storage does not cause a decrease in ambient temperature compared to sensible heat storage is that cooling energy is used to absorb condensation heat.
When the heat insulating material with a low cooperation ratio is used for the airtight heat insulating layer on the north side where solar thermal energy cannot be obtained by solar radiation, latent heat storage in other heat insulating layers can be promoted while suitably managing the moisture content.
In addition, if the heat insulating material which does not have moisture absorption / release property is used for the heat insulating material on the north side, the same effect can be realized in terms of water content management.

In Claims 3 and 14, the outside air is discharged directly into the underfloor space through the air supply communication pipe by the operation of the heat exchange type ventilation fan. The underfloor space communicates with the inner ventilation layer and the space behind the ceiling, and the outside air taken in creates a pressure that circulates in the flow path. Similarly, by operating the heat exchange type exhaust fan, air is exhausted from each room in the building to the outside of the building through the exhaust communication pipe. As a result, the air pressure in each room becomes negative and communicates with the inner ventilation layer / ceiling space through the communication port, allowing air to flow in without difficulty. In other words, the operation of the heat exchanging ventilation fan creates a negative pressure in the living room and a positive pressure in the underfloor space, resulting in a pressure difference indoors. The flow of the outside air taken in is smoothly performed by the difference in atmospheric pressure, using the inner ventilation layer and the ceiling space communicating with the living room and the underfloor space as a flow path. Moreover, it continues for 24 hours.
Taking summer as an example, the outside air taken into the space under the floor is rich in humidity and high humidity. By the way, in the underfloor space, it is possible to take in geothermal heat through a heat storage layer formed of underground / underground concrete / heat storage. In summer, the geothermal heat is below 20 ° C, so the outside air taken in can be cooled. As a result, the originally high relative humidity is further increased due to the temperature drop. It is put on the air circulation channel and supplied to the inner ventilation layer / ceiling space.
This will be described in more detail. The outside air introduced at night has high relative humidity due to summer seasonal factors and radiative cooling. Therefore, the equilibrium moisture content on the moisture-absorbing side is maintained high, and the deviation from the moisture content in the heat insulating material is large, so that a large amount of moisture absorption energy is secured.
As a result of the absorption of solar thermal energy in the daytime, the pressure of H2O movement increases in the heat insulating material other than the heat insulating layer of the north wall, and the moisture content in the heat insulating material close to the inner ventilation layer / ceiling space Is even lower.
Due to the above two factors, the divergence between the moisture content and the equilibrium moisture content in the nighttime heat insulating material further increases, and the energy of moisture absorption increases. This is where air with high relative humidity comes into contact. Naturally, moisture contained in the air passing through the inner ventilation layer / ceiling space is absorbed by the heat insulating material. In particular, the movement is further promoted at night, and the efficiency of moisture absorption is higher than in the daytime. The airtight heat insulating layer constituting the wall on the north side uses a moisture absorbing / releasing material with a low ratio of the relationship between moisture absorption and H2O phase change, so that moisture retention due to moisture absorption = liquefaction can be avoided. Therefore, the effect of dehumidification and heat insulation can be realized while controlling the moisture content.

Now, heat of condensation is generated in the process in which the heat insulating material absorbs moisture and liquefies by phase change. The hygroscopic function is reduced by the heat. In the daytime, the temperature increase of the outside air usually increases and the moisture absorption function decreases. At night, opposite to daytime, the outside air is cooled by radiation cooling. Furthermore, the outside air whose temperature has decreased passes through the flow path secured by the air circulation system that operates for 24 hours, and the moisture absorption and desorption material such as heat insulating material and finishing material is absorbed and absorbed by the synergistic effect with low temperature geothermal heat. The phase changes and absorbs the heat of condensation generated with liquefaction. Moisture absorption is further promoted by latent heat storage accompanied by transfer of cooling energy.
On the outdoor side, nighttime radiant cooling energy and moisture are simultaneously supplied through the outer ventilation layer and the roof ventilation layer. A heat-insulating material having moisture absorption / release properties is facilitated to absorb liquefaction by being provided with a property having a high cooperation ratio between moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change on the outdoor side. The energy stored latently from the outdoor side has no factor to move to the indoor side, and solar heat energy is acquired by the solar radiation in the next day to evaporate and release to the outdoor side to be converted into heat shielding energy.
冷却 The cooling energy that can be used at this stage is limited to that provided by radiant cooling and geothermal heat. Therefore, the energy transfer caused by heat transfer caused by the cooperation between the moisture absorption and the phase change of H 2 O is limited in quantity, and the ability to absorb solar heat energy and shield it is limited. That is also the limit of improving the indoor environment when nature-oriented.
Also in the winter season, geothermal heat obtained through the heat storage layer is not qualitatively sufficient as warm energy, and it is difficult to provide a comfortable indoor environment as heating energy unless combined with solar heat and other complementary energy supply means. . However, the size of the heat storage capacity of the heat storage layer and the high efficiency of the heat storage / radiation enable the combined use of natural energy such as geothermal / radiant cooling / solar heat and midnight power. Therefore, not only the effect of cooling, dehumidification and heat insulation in summer, but also the effect of radiation heating in winter will be realized.
Now, when the cooling energy is obtained in addition to the energy obtained from radiant cooling and geothermal heat, it is important that the same effect can be obtained at a higher level. In that respect, moisture absorption is further promoted and phase change of liquefaction is further promoted.In addition, the ratio of energy transfer associated with moisture absorption and liquefaction is increased, and the ratio of cooperation is reduced while suppressing the increase in moisture content. It is important to be able to achieve the rise. Therefore, when new cooling energy is supplied using an air conditioner, it is a problem whether the same effect can be obtained at a higher level without causing any energy loss.

Moisture absorption and desorption materials used for interior materials and heat insulation materials absorb moisture in the air and at the same time absorb volatile chemicals and pollutants in the air. Due to the water retention capacity of the moisture absorbing / releasing material, the chemical substance / pollutant dissolves and moves inside the moisture absorbing / releasing material as H2O moves. Therefore, finally, when H2O is discharged from the heat insulating material as water vapor, it is discharged together. It is important to understand that chemical substances and pollutants are not accumulated in the heat insulating material, which is an adsorbent, but a means for expelling out of the building as needed without going through the living room.
Eventually, volatile chemical substances and pollutants contained when the outside air is taken in are purified in the process of passing through the flow path of the air circulation system that operates for 24 hours, and the purified air flows into the room. In addition, it is possible to spend in an air environment with controlled humidity and temperature.

In the previous invention, as a means for suppressing heat of condensation generated when the heat insulating material absorbs moisture and undergoes a liquefaction phase change in the circulation flow path, and further increases relative humidity and promotes moisture absorption, The cooling energy of cooling was used.
As a natural-oriented air conditioning system, it is an optimum means, and the intended performance can be suitably realized. Now, personal preferences are diverse. Some people are not satisfied with the intended performance and operability of nature-oriented air conditioning systems. The following means provides an air conditioning system for such a person simply.
In order to increase the efficiency of moisture absorption from the previous system and increase the efficiency of the latent heat type cold storage, an air conditioner is used and cooling energy is supplied only during the time when midnight power can be used. It leads to the efficiency improvement of the air-conditioning system using the dehumidification by moisture absorption / release and the energy transfer accompanying the phase change of H2O.
This can be understood as a cold storage mechanism for the enclosure using midnight power. That is, instead of the conventional ice heat storage (cold) device, it plays the role of a cold storage device using a housing by means of architectural construction of the building.

Specifically, in the process of discharging cold air from an air conditioner using nighttime and late-night power and circulating it according to the air flow path, the relative humidity in the flow path is increased, and the moisture absorption and desorption material constituting the building Cooling. Cooling promotes moisture absorption and absorbs condensation heat generated by phase change (liquefaction). As a result, the air flowing into the room is adjusted in humidity to an appropriate temperature.
Conversely, during the daytime, the enclosure is warmed, including the insulation, by solar radiation. In relation to the relative humidity, or converted into kinetic energy necessary for vaporization, the material absorbs and releases moisture, and works to cool the enclosure with the heat of vaporization. Now, due to the complementary relationship between the two ventilation layers, a part of the moisture absorbed by the insulation material passes through and penetrates the insulation material, passes through the phase change of H2O, and is discharged outside the building through the outer ventilation layer and the roof ventilation layer. The Therefore, the humidity in the room does not increase, and the temperature rise due to heat transfer through the housing is suppressed, and a comfortable environment is formed. Moreover, not all the solar heat acquired by solar radiation is discharged outside the building in the form of sensible heat, but a part is discharged outside the building in the form of latent heat of moisture. However, the infiltration of solar thermal energy through the windows and the heat loss during ventilation are inevitable, so that the temperature rise due to the influence is suppressed and cooling energy is supplied from the daytime air conditioner to realize a comfortable indoor thermal environment. Furthermore, in order to realize the effect of radiation cooling during the day, cooling energy is supplied from the air conditioner into the daytime air circulation passage. None of them are used to suppress the radiant heat generated by accumulating heat in the heat insulating material, so that the amount of electricity used in the daytime does not increase significantly.
By the way, latent heat exhaust heat cannot be done infinitely. In other words, the amount of solar heat energy absorbed by the heat of vaporization is limited according to the amount of heat absorbed by the air conditioning cooling energy when the heat insulating material absorbs and releases moisture, and the amount of condensation heat generated by liquefaction, one aspect of H2O phase change. Is done. And although it is the limited range, the influence of a radiant heat can be reduced and it can contribute to suppression of the indoor temperature rise. (When not considering geothermal and radiative cooling)

Eventually, by operating the air conditioner using midnight power and supplying cooling energy, a part of the energy is latently stored in the finishing material, structural material, and insulation material, and released when it is warm in the daytime. Cooling can suppress the temperature rise indoors. Absorption of solar heat energy by heat of vaporization is the release and transfer of heat energy converted into the form of latent heat of moisture. In addition, a part of the cooling energy is stored sensible heat both at night and in the daytime, energy conversion is achieved and the effect of radiant cooling is achieved, contributing to the realization of a comfortable thermal environment while reducing the amount of electricity used in the daytime. To do.
Now, when the air conditioner is disposed in both the underfloor space and the ceiling back space in the flow path, the cooling energy suitably flows through the flow path. However, when it is arranged only in the underfloor space, it is necessary to devise the circulation in the flow path. Specifically, when the cooling energy is sent from the underfloor space to the ceiling back space through the blower fan / communication pipe, the circulation in the flow path and the supply to the members are preferably performed.
The cooling energy generated and supplied by air conditioners is overwhelmingly larger than the natural energy of geothermal and radiative cooling. Therefore, in order to make use of the large energy supply capacity, each function of moisture absorption / cooling from the inside in the heat insulation layer and energy transfer from the indoor to the outside in the heat insulation layer / H2O transfer and latent heat exhaust heat to the outside There is a need to improve efficiency. And the optimal dehumidification and heat insulation system can be obtained by their synergistic effect.
The heat insulating material used for the heat insulating layer is a heat insulating material that enhances the efficiency of absorption of cooling energy during moisture absorption to promote liquefaction, absorbs the liquid state, and does not cause condensation, except for the north wall. . In order to link the increase in the generation and supply of cooling energy by air conditioners to the effect of heat insulation and dehumidification, it is essential to improve the efficiency of moisture absorption and cooling by the properties of the heat insulating material in the heat insulating layer. Therefore, when the superposition of X + X and X + Y heat insulating materials is adopted due to the climatic characteristics, the necessary function (X) is provided on the indoor side for absorbing and cooling moisture.
As described in paragraph 0081, the pressure of moisture transfer accompanying the vaporization / expansion of H 2 O in the heat insulating material increases. On the other hand, moisture absorption / cooling from indoors is enhanced by improving the generation / supply capability of air-conditioner cooling energy and moisture absorption / cooling capability of heat insulating materials, and is held in a form that liquefies and fills voids as liquid H2O. . Accordingly, the airtight performance of the heat insulating material is improved. Therefore, when liquid H2O vaporizes and expands and conducts as moisture, the airtightness is enhanced to prevent moisture conduction as a wall. Therefore, the moisture conduction to the indoor side does not proceed, and the moisture conduction to the outdoor side through the air gap progresses. And the efficiency of moisture conduction to the outdoors is enhanced by a synergistic effect with the function of the fan outdoors.
By the way, the cooling energy is supplied to the gaseous H2O in the voids through the heat transfer of the liquid H2O to promote liquefaction, or the improvement in the efficiency of moisture conduction leads to the lowering of the atmospheric pressure in the voids where the atmospheric pressure has increased, New kinetic energy can be obtained by solar radiation solar radiation acquisition, and the vaporization of liquid H2O supplied from indoors can be repeated. In other words, the heat transfer property of liquid H2O and the phase change of H2O are utilized to create heat transfer property that is contrary to heat insulation, and enables energy transfer from indoor to outdoor. Moreover, the efficiency of the cooling energy transfer is improved in accordance with the improvement of the efficiency of the H2O transfer. In the end, the efficiency of various functions can be increased without requiring an increase in the moisture content, and the effect of dehumidification and heat insulation can be further enhanced by the synergistic effect of these functions.

The use of air conditioners with high energy consumption and good performance contributes to energy saving. Further, at night compared to daytime, the difference from the required cooling temperature is reduced due to a decrease in temperature, and the required cooling temperature is reached with less energy consumption. In the end, the energy saving effect can be improved from the two aspects of the performance of the device or the environment in which it is used.
By the way, the use of late-night power is also planned in the hot water supply system. Specifically, hot water is made using late-night electricity. Hot water stored at midnight is used as energy for hot water supply from daytime to nighttime. Therefore, if a part of the energy required to make this hot water can be covered by using the condensed heat discharged from the air conditioner that operates for cooling and dehumidification at night, the hot water supply system with higher energy consumption efficiency. Can be built.
Conversely, while storing the energy of hot water supply at night, the cooling energy that can be generated due to the heat pump system can be used through the air conditioner. If the description is omitted, while hot water is stored using midnight power, on the other hand, cold energy generated and separated is supplied to cool the room, and at the same time, a dehumidifying effect can be obtained. Furthermore, a heat shielding effect can be obtained in the daytime.

Air conditioners that can supply energy in the form of convection heat are supplied to the air flow path in the form of convection heat energy, and are stored as latent heat in the heat storage body and housing, and can be used as cooling energy. It can be said that it is a suitable apparatus which can avoid the heat loss accompanying heat exchange. In addition, it is preferable to dispose a heat storage body that dissipates and stores heat by solidification / melting in the circulation flow path in terms of energy transfer in the form of convective heat energy. Moreover, it cools the heat storage body at night and cools it while sensing the ambient temperature in the daytime, so it supplies and uses the necessary cooling energy stably for 24 hours while using only geothermal energy and midnight power as an energy source. I can do it.
The air conditioner is preferably disposed and used in each of the ceiling space and the underfloor space. Furthermore, it is suitable when used in combination with a heat storage body.
Normally, warm air is light and easy to rise, and cold air is heavy and easy to fall. Therefore, when the air conditioner and the heat storage body are arranged in the underfloor space, the cold air is likely to stay in the underfloor space, and the force to rise in the flow path is weak. Further, since the floor surface is made of cedar board or the like having high heat insulation performance, the underfloor space is equivalent to a state where the four sides are surrounded by a heat insulating material. Therefore, it is hard to be influenced by outdoor temperature change, and the cooling from the heat storage body can be continued for a long time, and cooling energy can be supplied stably. As a result, a radiation cooling effect through the floor surface can be obtained even if the room temperature rises somewhat.

If latent heat type cold storage means can be obtained separately from the housing, the amount of cold storage can be distributed to both the housing and the heat storage body (including the heat storage layer). Therefore, the burden of cold storage on the housing can be reduced. As a result, it is possible to suppress an increase in the moisture content of the casing due to latent heat type cold storage in the casing. This opens up the path to the use of inexpensive fibrous insulation (insulation boards, etc.).
Furthermore, the air conditioner equipment can be used as a heating equipment during the winter. Also, by using a heat storage body that refrains from the previous heat storage layer, heat energy supplied from the air conditioner is stored during the night, and it is used as heating energy throughout the day by dissipating heat while sensing the ambient temperature during the day. it can. That is, it is possible to realize a radiant heating system with high energy consumption efficiency that uses midnight power together with natural energy of geothermal heat.
Midnight power is surplus from a social point of view and can be used at a rate of about 25% compared to the daytime rate. There is room for choice, both in terms of the balance of social energy supply and demand, as well as in reducing the burden on individual households.

In the rainy season when the sun's solar radiation time is short and the rainy day continues, or depending on the combination of heat insulating materials, it is necessary to devise in order to keep indoor humidity in a comfortable state.
In the case where the realization of the humidity of 70% or less, which is highly natural and comfortable, is used as a guideline, the target indoor environment can be realized by the humidity adjustment function based on the seasonal cycle. Specifically, the indoor humidity is constantly kept at 40 to 50% during the winter. Corresponding to the humidity, the moisture-absorbing / releasing material has its moisture content lowered by moisture release. Therefore, when the rainy season is reached, there is a residual capacity for moisture absorption in relation to the required relative humidity. Therefore, the humidity in the room, which is considered to be comfortable, can be maintained at 70% or less by the moisture absorption / release function of the housing.
只 Consider using midnight power when humidity is around 60%. At night, when the dehumidifying function of the air conditioner is activated at a set humidity of 50%, the outside air introduced into the underfloor space via the ventilator is free of excess moisture contained in the interior finishing material and structural material in the process of circulating through the circulation channel. Humidity rises due to moisture release, and the humidity can be kept around 60% by moisture absorption and release to the airtight heat insulating layer in the course of distribution.
The dehumidifying function of the air conditioner is not activated during the daytime. Similarly, the outside air introduced from the outside is conditioned in the interior finishing material / structural material constituting the flow path in the course of flowing through the flow path, and is set to a comfortable humidity when flowing into the room from the flow path. % Can be maintained. Note that the relative humidity value does not change greatly despite the increase in absolute humidity due to the difference between the temperature when dehumidifying in the underfloor space and the temperature when flowing into the room.
In addition, the use of midnight power by utilizing the moisture-exhausting function from the indoors to the outdoors by the moisture-absorbing / releasing function of the heat-insulating layer and the moisture-absorbing / releasing function of the structural and finishing materials that make up the building. By operating the dehumidifying function only during a possible time zone, the humidity can be maintained around 60% for 24 hours.
In conclusion, if the dehumidifying function of the air conditioner is used when the humidity in the room cannot be maintained at 60% due to the humidity control effect due to the seasonal cycle of the enclosure, the target humidity control effect can be obtained with less energy consumption. Moreover, since the moisture absorption to a housing is not accelerated more than necessary, the bad influence by a moisture content rise can be prevented beforehand.

About air circulation channels when (I) is selected as the combination of insulation materials.
Under a climate close to a very cold region compared to a warm region, as a result of heating, the temperature difference between indoors and outdoors is severe in winter. Therefore, it is important to deal with the movement in the opposite direction to that of summer as a risk for the movement of moisture through the airtight heat insulating layer and the transfer of thermal energy accompanying the phase change of H2O. The air circulation path is changed between winter and summer by means of opening and closing the communication port. Thereby, the cooperation between the ceiling space isolated by the airtight heat insulating layer and the roof ventilation layer can be suitably controlled.
In winter, air flow from the ceiling space to the room is eliminated by closing the communication port that connects the room and the ceiling space. Therefore, the flow path to the ceiling space is removed from the air circulation path, and the supply of air is not promoted. Therefore, the cooperation between the two spaces separated by the airtight insulation layer is broken. As a result, the entry and exit of moisture between the ceiling space and the roof ventilation layer through the hermetic heat insulating layer is not promoted, and heat loss caused by that is avoided.
The air circulation is performed in such a manner that the inner ventilation layer communicates with the indoor space through a communication port provided in the inner wall, and the outside air introduced by the air supply communication pipe passes through the flow path through the underfloor space and the inner ventilation layer. Furthermore, when heat energy is supplied in the underfloor space, the heat energy is transferred and stored efficiently in the process of passing through the flow path through the underfloor space and the inner ventilation layer. Therefore, when heat energy is supplied from the air conditioner described in the previous section to the underfloor space, a sufficient amount of energy is stored, and a heating effect as radiant heat can be suitably obtained.
In the summer, some of the communication openings on the inner wall are closed, the communication openings on the ceiling are opened, and the space behind the ceiling, the indoor space, the inner ventilation layer, and the indoor space are communicated. Ensure a flow path through the back space. Therefore, the outside air introduced by the air supply communication pipe passes through the flow path through the underfloor space, the inner ventilation layer, and the ceiling space. Therefore, the cooperation between the ceiling space isolated by the airtight heat insulation layer and the roof ventilation layer is secured and promoted. And the humidity which distribute | circulates a flow path is discharge | released to a roof ventilation layer through an airtight heat insulation layer by the function of the mechanism which accelerates | stimulates cooperation of two space which was isolated.

Risk management when (b) is selected for the combination of insulation materials.
The air circulation is considered in the same way as in the previous section, and a selection is made according to the seasonal change of whether the ceiling space is incorporated into the flow path or removed from the flow path.
By the way, the wall body excluding the north side is made of two layers of heat insulating materials and is formed into a three-layer structure with a moisture-permeable windproof waterproof sheet, and the outside thereof is a heat insulating material having a moisture absorbing / releasing function. In this case, the outer heat insulating material is cooled by the cold air brought by the outside air in winter. It is possible to absorb this cold air by the phase change of H 2 O held by the heat insulating material. In other words, cold air is absorbed by utilizing the action of heat of condensation generated during the phase change of liquefaction. Therefore, the coldness of the outside air is alleviated.
During the daytime, the wall surface is warmed by solar radiation and the relative humidity in the outer ventilation layer decreases. Furthermore, the kinetic energy necessary for the phase change of vaporization is acquired even in the winter, and moisture release from the wall is promoted through vaporization / expansion and moisture conduction in the heat insulating material. This daytime work is positioned as a preparation to absorb the cool air at night.
Considering the action of this heat of condensation, the actual heat insulation performance of the heat insulating material has a performance equal to or higher than the value represented by the numerical value called the heat transmissivity. Therefore, heat loss through the outer wall due to cold air at night can be reduced. Furthermore, H2O liquefied by outdoor cold does not permeate the moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet. Therefore, even if warm air is supplied to the indoor circulation flow path, heat loss through the inner ventilation layer is not amplified. This is advantageous when realizing a radiant heating effect. However, this must be adopted with reference to the regional climatic characteristics.

When selecting the combination of the heat insulation materials (2) or (2), a natural-oriented housing selection is raised as one of the criteria. Therefore, we would like to explore the possibility of utilizing solar thermal energy as a source of thermal energy to obtain the radiant heating effect. Specifically, solar heating energy related to solar radiation acquisition obtained through windows secures heating energy required during the daytime, or solar thermal energy poured into the roof surface is collected by known simple means, such as underfloor space Is supplied to and stored in a heat storage body disposed in the flow path. And by the phase change of solidification and melting of the heat storage material constituting the heat storage body, heat is dissipated in accordance with the temperature change around the sunset, and the heating energy after sunset is supplied.
By the way, solar heat radiated on the roof surface collects heat in the space under the roof ridge through the roof ventilation layer. And it connects directly with a heat exchange type exhaust fan, and sends the air warmed to the underfloor space by the ventilation capability. And radiant heating is realizable by the sensible heat effect in the process which distribute | circulates a circulation flow path.
The advantage of this method is that it does not create a double burden, either on the device or on the drive energy, because the ventilation system of the ventilation system can be utilized. At this time, the heat exchange function of the ventilation fan is stopped. The warm air collected on the roof surface is appropriately filtered to remove dust, insects, etc., and then introduced into the underfloor space and flows into the room via the circulation channel.

A heat storage body that can utilize the phase change of solidification / melting for cold storage (warming) and cooling (warm) provides both storage and cooling and heat storage and heat dissipation means depending on the temperature setting of the phase change.
If the solidification / melting temperature can be set in the temperature range from 21 ° C to around 23 ° C, energy storage, cooling, and heat dissipation for the energy required for radiant cooling in summer and radiant heating in winter can be achieved in a combination of midnight power and air conditioner. Means can be suitably provided. The geothermal heat supplied through the heat storage layer can also be used effectively.
When heat energy is secured by solar radiation acquisition in the winter from the nature orientation, the temperature of solidification / melting is slightly larger, and if it is set at 19 ° C. to 23 ° C., solar heat can be stored and used appropriately. Specifically, after sunset, heat is radiated from the heat storage body according to the ambient temperature, and thermal energy is supplied to the underfloor space. And radiant heating is realizable by the sensible heat storage effect in the process which distribute | circulates a circulation flow path.

Now, in order to maintain the high energy consumption efficiency (COP) of the heat pump air conditioner during the winter season in a cold region, it is necessary to devise.
The numerical value of the COP of the air conditioner indicates the energy consumption efficiency under conditions of an indoor temperature of 20 ° C. and an outdoor temperature of 7 ° C. during heating. Thus, the energy consumption efficiency decreases under conditions where the outdoor temperature is below 7 ° C. In other words, the attractiveness of the heat pump air conditioner is reduced. Therefore, in order to make a heat pump air conditioner attractive even in cold regions, a device that can maintain high efficiency while avoiding a decrease in energy consumption efficiency is required. Specifically, the heat energy discharged together with the air discharged to the outside when the 24-hour ventilation system is driven is collected using an outdoor unit of an air conditioner. By adding the above devices, it is possible to mitigate a decrease in energy consumption efficiency that occurs when the heat pump air conditioner is used in a cold region.

The outer wall according to claim 1 generally uses siding, but may be spray-coated or tiled on the mortar base. None of the materials is used as a heat insulating material, but has a heat shielding function utilizing the cooperation between moisture absorption / release and the phase change of H 2 O.
In addition, the heat insulating material used for a heat insulation layer does not ask | require moisture absorption / release property. A synthetic resin-based heat insulating material that does not have moisture absorption / release properties can be used. Therefore, if natural materials are used as an interior material in combination with a synthetic resin-based heat insulating material, it becomes an example of a high-performance house in which natural materials are combined with an outer heat insulating method.
The heat insulation panel according to claims 2 and 5 to 7 may be a panel having structural strength.
In general, bracing is installed between columns and between pillars and girders to form a structural bearing wall. Is preferred.
As an example of the combined use with the structural load-bearing wall, it is possible to serve as a heat insulating material that has structural strength (seismic resistance) and has moisture absorption and desorption properties by making cedar plates. Similarly, it can also serve as a structural plywood.
A structural plywood may be used as the structural load-bearing panel. Plywood is attached only on the indoor side of the heat insulating material or on both the indoor and outdoor sides. (Refer to FIG. 10) Further, if it is attached to the outdoor side as additional heat insulation, the heat insulation performance is improved. Alternatively, when a heat insulating material is sandwiched between two plywoods and laminated in three layers, the plywood can function as a heat insulating material having moisture absorption / release properties, and constitutes a laminated structure with a synthetic resin heat insulating material To do. An airtight waterproof or moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet is stretched on the inside and / or outside of the structural plywood.
Furthermore, it is possible to improve the heat insulation / dehumidification performance in summer, as well as the heat insulation performance in winter by making it a three-layer structure in combination with itakura structure, moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet and earth wall.
The roof ventilation layer and the outer ventilation layer according to claims 2, 14, and 20 can be suitably implemented if they communicate with each other.
Concerning the building ventilation opening. The building ventilation port and the blower fan may be integrated. In that case, the space under the roof ridge, the blower fan, and the ventilation hole under the roof ridge need not be provided separately.
The ceiling back space and the inner ventilation layer according to claim 10 can communicate with each other to form an air circulation path combining the underfloor space. In that case, if air is forced to circulate in the circulation path, the cold air generated and supplied in the ceiling space circulates around the indoor space, sensible heat is stored in the enclosure, and a radiant cooling effect is produced from the entire enclosure. can get.
The space behind the ceiling is a closed space, and even if cold air is generated and supplied from the air conditioner, the increase in relative humidity is temporary, and if it is absorbed by structural materials and other moisture absorbing and releasing materials, the ceiling The relative humidity of the back space can be reduced. Therefore, there is no risk of condensation, and a ceiling radiation cooling effect can be obtained while obtaining a humidity control effect in the indoor space.
The content of claim 11 is the present construction method that combines the interior material and the heat insulating material if the moisture absorbing / releasing material in contact with the indoor space is regarded as the heat insulating material. It also shows an example of the humidity control means by the heat insulation method, or is an example of the outer heat insulation manifestation method in which heat insulating materials having moisture absorption / release properties are laminated. Specifically, it is an example in which a heat-insulating material having moisture absorption / release properties is laminated on a moisture permeable windproof sheet (internal insulation method using cellulose fiber) on the interior material, or a cedar thick plate material has moisture absorption / release properties This is an example of laminating the heat insulating material to be laminated (of the present outer heat insulating method).
In addition, the plaster board which can use both an interior material and a heat insulating material does not belong to the moisture absorption / release material having a low ratio of the relationship between moisture absorption / release and the phase change of H2O. However, if it is used only in places that are susceptible to the radiant heat of solar heat (roofs and walls facing the east, west, and south), the ratio of moisture absorption and H2O phase change should not be low. The negative side can be compensated. Therefore, as long as it is limited to roofs and walls facing the east, west, and south, plasterboard is an interior material and heat insulating material as a moisture absorption and desorption material with a low ratio of moisture absorption and desorption and phase change of H2O. Can be used for
The moisture-absorbing / releasing material according to claim 13 can be used alone as an interior material and a heat-insulating material, but a heat-insulating panel in which a synthetic resin-based heat-insulating material that does not have moisture-absorbing / releasing properties is laminated on a thick cedar board Furthermore, it is good also as a heat insulation panel which comprises structural strength. It is an example of a house construction method with high heat insulation performance in the appearance of cedar planks.
By the way, when a heat insulating panel is used as a base material and a structural material such as a pillar is made to be a so-called true wall, the paper cloth can be directly laminated and finished on the heat insulating panel or diatomaceous earth finish. Alternatively, when a plaster board is used, it can serve as a heat insulating material and an interior base material, and can be laminated and finished with paper cloth or diatomaceous earth finish.
Regarding claims 9 and 20. Since the heat insulation layer of the roof body excluding the wall body is not specified, a heat insulation panel in which a synthetic resin heat insulation material that does not have moisture absorption / release properties is laminated on the cedar board, or a moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet on the cedar thick board material A heat insulating panel in which a silicate calcium material having moisture absorption / release properties is laminated can be used. Furthermore, a synthetic resin-based heat insulating material that does not have moisture absorption / release properties can be used alone or in layers. The cedar plank can also serve as an interior material for the roof of the roof as a finishing material. (This corresponds to the layered moisture absorption and desorption means described in claim 11.) Furthermore, it can also serve as a rafter structure. (Refer FIG. 5) Similarly, a heat insulation panel can serve as the interior material of an inner wall about a wall part. (Refer to FIG. 10) It is a so-called “present” interior method for the roof portion and the wall portion.
By the way, when a heat insulating panel is used as a base material and a structural material such as a pillar is made to be a so-called true wall, the paper cloth can be directly laminated and finished on the heat insulating panel or diatomaceous earth finish. Alternatively, when a plaster board is used, it can serve as a heat insulating material and an interior base material, and can be laminated and finished with paper cloth or diatomaceous earth finish. (Claim 20)
The heat insulating layer facing the north side according to claim 23 is a combination of a heat insulating material with a low ratio of moisture absorption / release and a phase change of H2O, a moisture-permeable windproof waterproof sheet, a moisture absorption / release and a phase change of H2O. A three-layered structure with a low proportion of insulation can avoid an increase in the heating load in winter. Further, a laminated structure with a synthetic resin-based heat insulating material that does not have moisture absorption / release properties is also given as an example. In addition, even if it uses the synthetic resin type heat insulating material which does not have moisture absorption / release property independently or laminated | stacked, the objective in moisture content management can be achieved.
The heat storage body according to claim 24 plays a role as a heat exchange part of the heat storage layer including the basic concrete and the underground. In that case, in order to reduce heat loss from the ground to the outdoors, it is better to insulate the lower end around the foundation concrete.
The dehumidifying device according to claims 13 and 26 is efficient when the dehumidifying function of the HP air conditioner is used.
The air conditioner installed in the circulation flow path according to claims 4, 15, and 22 is efficient when an HP water heater is used. Note that a large amount of moisture is constantly supplied from the outside together with fresh air in the circulation channel by combining with the ventilation system. As a result, sufficient moisture for condensing heat generation is secured, and combined with the warm air generated during the generation of cold air, the situation of insufficient hot water storage is avoided. If the HP water heater has the functions of cooling, cooling and hot water supply, it can utilize the function of hot water supply in autumn, winter and spring other than summer. So heat pump circuits are available throughout the year, not limited to summer.
In the case where an HP water heater is used instead of the air conditioner according to claim 10, there is a possibility of shortage of hot water storage. To avoid this, hot water storage energy can be secured by combining the ventilation and circulation system with claim 1. In this case, it is not necessary to use the heat insulating material having moisture absorption / release properties according to claim 4, and a heat insulating material not having moisture absorption / release properties may be used. Alternatively, the shortage of hot water storage can be solved if the HP water heater has functions of cooling, cooling hot water, and hot water. Moreover, the hot water supply function can be used in autumn, winter, and spring other than summer.
In addition, a heating function may be added to the HP water heater, and it may be used as an HP water heater.只 One HP circuit cannot be used at the same time when operating the heating and hot water storage functions.
The HP water heater according to claim 27 normally uses late-night power with a low charge. Adoption of an air-conditioning method using radiant cooling contributes to achieving both a cooling effect and a sufficient amount of hot water storage. In addition, the HP water heater can solve the shortage of hot water storage if it has cooling, cooling and hot water supply functions.
If the communication port provided in the ceiling and the inner wall described in FIGS. 2 and 3 is an open / close type, the flow path can be changed, and air circulation can be suitably performed in summer and winter.
When the heat insulation layer on the back of the ceiling is placed on the girders and beams as shown in FIG. 3, the attic space and the roof ventilation layer may be separately arranged above the heat insulation layer. In that case, an air outlet that can be directly exhausted to the outside from the shed space is provided so as not to mix the air in the shed space and the air in the roof ventilation layer. Further, an exhaust fan can be connected to the exhaust port to increase the exhaust efficiency. The cabin space and the outer ventilation layer can communicate with each other to communicate with the outside air, or can independently communicate with the outside air. The term “roof body” includes the heat insulation layer, the attic space, the roof ventilation layer, and the roof.
In the building shown in FIG. 2, the heat insulating layer is disposed along the roof, but the ceiling may be hung under the beam or beam.

There is nothing better than radiant cooling or radiant heating in the comparison of comfort, health effects, resuscitation, etc. Therefore, while taking into account regional climate characteristics, combination of heat insulating materials, energy saving, heat island control, moisture content management, reduction of dehumidification load, etc., we realized the effective functions of radiation cooling and radiation heating in summer and winter. It is implemented in a suitable combination of solar thermal energy, midnight power, HP air conditioner, latent heat type heat storage body, concrete between foundation soil, underground energy supply means, and heat storage means.
Any combination of heat insulating materials can be selected. Regardless of regional climatic characteristics, the difference is absorbed by the operation method of the energy supply means. In order to avoid heat loss in the winter through the airtight heat insulating layer, the right embodiment can be suitably implemented from a cold region to a warm region by utilizing the outer ventilation layer as a heat insulating air layer described later.
The temperature range of phase change (solidification / melting) of the latent heat type heat accumulator is set around 21 ° C to 23 ° C.
In summer, the temperature at which cooling energy is discharged from the nighttime air conditioner into the flow path such as the underfloor space is 21 ° C. or less in consideration of the freezing point. During the daytime, a temperature equivalent to the melting point of 23 ° C. can be maintained in the underfloor space by transferring energy from the heat storage body. Further, since cooling energy is continuously supplied from the ground constituting the heat storage layer, the ratio depending on the energy supply source such as an air conditioner is small. That leads to energy saving. Moreover, geothermal energy not only brings about energy-saving effects, but also contributes to the prevention of heat islands by being used in a system that makes solar heat energy latent heat by applying heat transfer created by heat-insulating materials that absorb and release moisture. To do.
In winter, it is discharged from the air conditioner at night with a melting point of 23 ° C. or higher, and the same temperature is maintained in the space under the floor. During the daytime, a temperature of about 21 ° C. is maintained in the underfloor space due to energy transfer from the heat storage body.
The above-mentioned solidification / melting temperature is too low as a cooling temperature when the cooling / heating method depends solely on the realization of a thermal environment by convection heat energy, and is particularly unsuitable for nighttime cooling energy supply. However, the situation changes if convective heat energy is converted to radiant heat energy and depends on a radiant cooling and heating method.

In summer, the air kept between 22 ° C and 23 ° C in the flow path of the underfloor space, etc., flows through the air flow path from the inner ventilation layer to the ceiling space, and the structure of the inner wall finishing material, columns, etc. Cold storage in the frame of materials and insulation. The convective heat energy after the energy is transferred to the housing will change to a temperature that is gentle to human skin, realizing a suitable thermal environment that is neither too hot nor too cold.
In summer, the biggest factor that hinders the flow of cold air through the passages in buildings is radiant heat generated by the heat storage effect of daytime solar heat. Therefore, suppressing generation of radiant heat is a major issue. By the way, as a heat shield measure, heat insulating material with moisture absorption and desorption function is used, and structural materials and finishing materials are also equipped with moisture absorption and desorption function, so that kinetic energy is acquired from solar heat and H2O phase changes. When vaporizing, the generation of radiant heat is suppressed. Therefore, the air flow path can maintain a suitable state.
Cooling energy supplied through the energy supply means or heat storage means in the underfloor space / ceiling space cools the enclosure in the process of flowing through the air flow path, while the enclosure absorbs moisture in the air and changes phase. Condensation heat is generated during the liquefaction process. That is, the temperature change on the surface does not occur due to the latent heat type cold storage effect. Thus, temperature changes due to convective heat energy are minimized. Moreover, when performing latent heat cold storage on the housing, moisture in the circulation channel is absorbed on the other hand. Thus, when air flows from the circulation channel into the indoor space through the communication port, the relative humidity decreases.
Through architectural ingenuity, a channel that communicates with the underfloor space, inner ventilation layer, and ceiling space is secured, and cold storage (sensible heat) is stored in the housing during the flow through the channel to convert convective heat energy into radiant heat energy. Forming a mechanism. By converting a part of the convective heat energy into radiant heat energy, it contributes to the realization of a suitable environment in terms of room temperature. Further, convective heat energy is absorbed by latent heat type cold storage such as a heat insulating material having a moisture absorption / release function. Furthermore, energy transfer to the outside also occurs due to heat loss in the process of flowing through the flow path. Eventually, the air kept at 22 ° C to 23 ° C in the underfloor space transfers energy in various ways in the process of flowing through the previous flow path through the air circulation system, and forms room temperature in the form of convective heat energy. Realizes a suitable environment of 25 ° C. to 26 ° C.

The technology of radiant heating is a well-known technology, but it is in the process of spreading nationwide. The core of the technology is to ensure high airtightness with high construction skills. In terms of design, it is possible to achieve high airtightness performance and heat insulation performance according to regional characteristics by making the heat insulating material a two-layer structure. By adding design ingenuity to construction skills, high performance with a C value of 0.5 or less and a Q value of 1.8 or less can be realized. Furthermore, at the design stage, through architectural ingenuity and opening and closing of the communication port, a channel that communicates with the interior from the underfloor space and the inner ventilation layer is secured, and heat is stored in the housing during the course of the channel, and convection heat energy is saved. Forms a mechanism to efficiently convert to radiant heat energy. By converting a part of the convective heat energy into radiant heat energy, it contributes to the realization of a suitable environment in terms of room temperature.
Utilizing the thermal energy supplied from air conditioners with high energy consumption efficiency by daytime solar thermal energy or late-night power, a favorable environment is realized through 24 hours.
A part of the thermal energy secured by the above means is stored in a heat storage layer composed of a latent heat storage body, foundation concrete, and underground. Therefore, even if thermal energy is not continuously supplied, when the temperature of the underfloor space decreases, the heat is dissipated through the heat storage body, and a constant temperature is maintained. Here, the latent heat type heat accumulator with the solidification / melting temperature set between 21 ° C and 23 ° C repeats the heat storage and heat release in the underfloor space without the help of the temperature sensor, for the stable supply of heat energy. To contribute.

In winter, air kept between 21 ° C. and 23 ° C. in the underfloor space circulates in the winter passage by the air circulation system.
At night, when air kept at 23 ° C. in the underfloor space flows into the room from the communication port due to heat loss that is stored in the frame or transferred to the outside during the flow through the flow path, Hold around ℃.
During the daytime, the air kept at 21 ° C in the underfloor space is reduced in temperature when flowing into the room through the communication port due to heat loss in the process of circulating through the flow path due to heat storage in the frame or energy transfer to the outside. There is also solar solar radiation acquisition, and it does not drop to room temperature 20 ° C. Rather, attention should be paid to the rise in room temperature due to solar radiation.
With the above effects, the room temperature can be constantly secured at around 20 ° C. regardless of the temperature of the outside air. A room temperature of 20 ° C. is not necessarily warm if it is mainly composed of convective heat energy. However, the feature of radiant heating is that convective heat energy is converted into radiant heat energy, so that the radiant heat energy is transmitted directly to the interior (cell level) of the person living regardless of the room temperature. If conditions are in place, radiant heat energy can be received from the six sides of the floor, wall, and ceiling. It can be said that it is an advantage of the radiant heating method that a suitable environment warm at room temperature of 20 ° C. can be realized.
The combination of heat insulating materials may be selected from those described in 0069 in consideration of regional climatic characteristics.

When the system described in the claims is used in a cold region, it is possible to obtain a suitable living environment by reducing running costs by using the system considering its climatic characteristics.
In summer, even in cold regions, daytime temperatures are not as noticeable as in warm regions.れ ば If it is limited to the night, the decrease in the outside air temperature is remarkable compared to the warm area. Therefore, the cold air at night is used to absorb solar thermal energy that is acquired by solar radiation in the daytime.
Incorporate outside air whose temperature has dropped due to a ventilation system. The energy of radiation cooling is taken in, the cooling energy is supplied to the airtight heat insulating layer in the process of circulating through the circulation flow path, and the latent heat is stored. And the cooperation with the phase change of H2O and a moisture absorption / release function can be promoted by absorption of solar thermal energy obtained by solar radiation, and can be used for heat insulation and dehumidification in the daytime. The combination of geothermal heat and radiant cooling energy supplied on the outdoor side, due to the magnitude of the temperature drop at night, can provide sufficient heat insulation and dehumidification effects during the day.
In winter, it is possible to achieve the effect of radiant heating using midnight power. However, the energy consumption efficiency of air conditioners generally decreases in cold regions. So consider alternative means of supplying energy. For example, a boiler using kerosene or gas is used. In that case, a boiler is installed under the floor to use the circulation system. The air heated under the floor flows through a circulation channel for winter, supplies heat energy, and can use radiant heat after energy conversion.
When a heat insulating material having moisture absorption / release properties is used for the heat insulating layer of the roof body, the air circulation path in winter is configured by removing the ceiling back space from the communicating space unlike the summer. Therefore, it is possible to prevent an increase in heat loss through the hermetic heat insulating layer separating the ceiling space and the roof ventilation layer.
Any combination of the heat insulating materials described in paragraph 0073 can be adopted. In addition, the ventilation | gas_flowing from the lower end to an outer side ventilation layer supplies the cooling energy which causes a heat loss continuously. Therefore, if an on-off valve for preventing air inflow is provided in the outer ventilation layer as a means for preventing heat loss, the ventilation layer serves as a heat insulating air layer, which is effective in improving the heat insulating performance.
In addition, in the case of cold district specifications, a heat insulating material is laid on the entire lower surface of the foundation soil concrete. The effect is expressed when avoiding heat loss to the ground in winter and increasing the effect of underfloor radiant heating.只, geothermal use is impossible. Therefore, in summer, only radiant cooling energy is sufficient, which is suitable when geothermal use is not required.

Regarding ceiling radiation cooling.
When cold air is supplied to the ceiling space using the cold air supply means, the relative humidity of the air in the ceiling space, which is a closed space, increases. Therefore, the air easily reaches the saturation point, and a state in which condensation is likely to occur on the face material in the ceiling space is brought about. In addition, when a heat insulating layer having moisture absorption / release properties is used for the heat insulating layer of the roof body, the moisture content of the heat insulating material is significantly reduced due to vaporization and moisture release from the heat insulating layer due to the acquisition of solar radiation in the daytime. Under such a condition, if a moisture absorbing / releasing material is used as the heat insulating material, the action of absorbing and cooling moisture is easily generated. In addition, the moisture in the ceiling is dehumidified by the moisture absorption, and the relative humidity decreases. Therefore, the movement of the moisture from the indoor space to the ceiling back space becomes possible by the action of the ceiling material having a low ratio of cooperation between moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change. That is, by supplying cold air to the ceiling space, it is possible to obtain a humidity control effect not only in the ceiling space but also in the indoor space. This movement is caused by the relationship between equilibrium moisture content, moisture content, and relative humidity.
Now, moisture absorption and cooling to the heat insulating material is called latent heat storage, which absorbs condensation heat generated during liquefaction and does not cause a temperature drop in the ceiling space. In other words, as long as the heat insulating material can absorb heat latently, even if cold air is continuously supplied to the ceiling space, the temperature does not decrease and the indoor temperature is not directly affected. In addition, it influences in the form of radiation cooling to the room, and even if convection cold air is not poured directly into the room, the temperature in the room is moderately lowered. Further, as described above, moisture moves from the indoor space to the ceiling space, so that the humidity of the indoor space decreases. This reduction in humidity and the effect of radiation cooling combine to provide a comfortable environment in the room.
When performing indoor cooling using the heat exchanger for cooling of the HP hot water supply system, it is important to control the cooling in order to bring about a comfortable indoor environment. The need for control diminishes. That is, the circuit for storing hot water can be always operated while cooling without worrying about overcooling in the room. And the energy of hot water storage is not restricted to the waste heat at the time of air_conditioning | cooling, The condensation heat produced | generated at the time of dehumidification can be utilized together. As a result, the hot water supply system can improve its energy saving performance.
Since the HP hot water supply system operates at night by using late-night power, it is necessary to pay attention to excessive cooling when the room is always cooled at night. However, the latent heat storage does not cause a significant temperature drop in the ceiling space, and can provide a comfortable environment in the room. In addition, a reduction in energy consumption efficiency of the HP water heater can be avoided while effectively using midnight power.
Energy stored in the latent heat at night can be used for heat insulation in the form of absorbing solar thermal energy in the daytime, and contributes to reducing the increase in cooling load.

The mechanism of the HP water heater is a known technique, but a brief description is as follows.
In the circuit of the hot water supply heat pump device, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant compressed by the compressor is sent to the hot water heat exchange device, where it is heat-exchanged with the water sent from the hot water tank, and the water is deprived of heat. Condensates and becomes liquid refrigerant. The heat taken away by the heat exchange is stored in a hot water tank in the form of hot water and is used for hot water supply as needed. On the other hand, this liquid refrigerant is sent to the throttle mechanism and depressurized, and when it is sent to the evaporator, it takes heat from the outside air, evaporates, and changes to a gas refrigerant. The cold air generated when heat is taken from the outside air by this heat exchange is discarded from the cold air outlet to the outside of the heat pump device by the action of the fan.
If this heat exchange device is installed indoors, heat is taken from the indoor warm air, and cold air is supplied indoors, the cool air discarded from the HP water heater can be used for cooling.で は In this state, the cooling air is continuously supplied during hot water storage, and cannot be controlled, resulting in an adverse effect of being too cold. In addition, the HP water heater is recognized for its cost effectiveness because it can effectively use midnight power. Therefore, a heat exchange device is connected to the circuit separately from the cooling heat exchange device, and when there is no need for cooling, the circuit is configured so that hot water can be stored while discarding the cold air. In addition, when the cool air is discarded outdoors and the heat is recovered from the outdoors, there is little possibility of causing a reduction in energy consumption efficiency. However, the less cool air that is discarded outdoors, the more energy is used.
The HP circuit can be used exclusively for hot water storage by operating the four-way valve while snake feet.
From the viewpoint of energy consumption efficiency, the thermal environment used is important. The thermal environment affects the increase and decrease in the amount of heat energy that can be recovered during heat exchange, and affects the level of energy consumption efficiency. In other words, the higher the temperature, the higher the efficiency. From that point of view, a closed space called a ceiling space has to be less efficient in recovering thermal energy. In order to improve the energy saving performance of the hot water supply system while avoiding a decrease in the energy consumption efficiency of the HP water heater while holding the conditions, it is necessary to devise.

First, a system that can always use the cool air to be discarded in a closed space is required. Architectural innovation is an important key to this system. Specifically, a means for supplying cool air to the ceiling space and a means for storing latent heat in a heat insulating material having moisture absorption / release characteristics and a means for vaporizing and releasing moisture when absorbing solar heat in the daytime are incorporated. Thereby, the condensation heat generated when removing moisture in the ceiling space and the indoor space can be used for the energy of the hot water storage together with the waste heat of the cooling. In other words, the heat generated when separating the cool air from the indoor and outdoor warm air is not limited to a device that can utilize the heat generated by the heat insulation material that absorbs moisture and performs latent heat storage through architectural devices. Can be used. Thus, the energy saving performance can be improved while avoiding a decrease in the energy consumption efficiency of the HP water heater of the hot water supply system. Liquid H2O generated during liquefaction is absorbed by the heat insulating material and utilized for absorption and latent heat of solar heat by vaporization and moisture release during the daytime. In addition, it is not necessary to operate a dehumidifier for conditioning the indoor space, and the generation and discharge of condensation heat associated with dehumidification is eliminated, which contributes to the suppression of heat island formation as well as the latent heat of solar heat. In order to increase the efficiency of latent heat cold storage and enhance the dehumidifying effect, as the heat insulating material having moisture absorption / release properties, a heat insulating material having a high ratio of cooperation between moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change is selected.
The space behind the ceiling is connected to and communicated with the entire building through a flow path configured with the inner ventilation layer and the underfloor space. Therefore, by utilizing the circulation of air in the flow path, it is possible to distribute and supply cold air to the entire building, and to obtain the humidity control effect of the entire building through cold storage in the heat insulating material accompanied by liquefaction. In other words, the efficiency of utilization of the heat of condensation generated when liquefying in the heat insulating material of the heat insulating layer of the wall can be increased. That is, it is possible to further improve the energy saving performance of the hot water supply system while avoiding a decrease in energy consumption efficiency of the HP water heater. In addition, a six-sided radiation cooling effect through the floor, wall, and ceiling can be realized, and a comfortable indoor environment can be obtained.
If a ventilation system is combined with the flow path, fresh and moisture-rich warm air can always be supplied to the flow path, and a reduction in energy consumption efficiency during heat exchange of the HP water heater can be avoided.

  A moisture absorption / release panel is used for the wall. Outside the wall, the outer wall reaches a temperature of 60 ° C. to 70 ° C. due to the solar radiation acquisition in the daytime in summer. And the wall body comprised from a porous building material (outer wall) receives supply of the kinetic energy required for evaporation of H2O by the solar radiation acquisition of the daytime. In such a form, the A surface of the laminated moisture absorbing / releasing material can also have a function as an outer wall. On the other hand, using night radiant cooling as a source, the wall body can absorb moisture from the inside and outside and cool it in the latent heat. The liquefied H2O does not permeate the moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet in the liquid state. If it reaches the daytime in that state, it receives a large amount of kinetic energy by solar radiation acquisition of solar thermal energy, absorbs the thermal energy by liquid H2O stopped in the wall, and vaporizes and dehumidifies. As a result, it is possible not only to easily vaporize and release moisture from the porous building material opened to the outside air, but also to absorb the moisture in the room and obtain the effects of dehumidification and heat insulation.

  The moisture absorbing / releasing panel is used as a heat insulating layer for the roof and / or wall. A ventilation rafter and / or a ventilation trunk edge are pasted outside the heat insulation layer, and a roof ventilation layer and / or an outer ventilation layer are provided between the roof and / or the outer wall. The roof material and / or the outer wall material is not limited to the moisture absorbing / releasing material, and may be any material provided with fireproof performance such as metal.

About the double ventilation method in the wall.
The heat insulating material used for the heat insulating layer can be selected from synthetic resin-based (polystyrene, polyurethane, etc.), fiber-based (glass wool / rock wool), and mineral-based (silicate calcium silicate) board-like heat insulating materials. In addition, the presence or absence of moisture absorption / release is not questioned. The heat insulating material is composed of one layer or two layers, and a heat insulating layer is formed by appropriately using a moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet and a moistureproof sheet. Or it comprises using the heat insulation panel of Claim 1 * 2.
As the interior material used for the inner wall / ceiling, a material having a high ratio of coexistence between moisture absorption and release and H2O phase change is used. Specifically, a plate material (such as tylite wood) mainly composed of calcium silicate is suitable. . Alternatively, a paper cloth stretch or diatomaceous earth-coated finish that has moisture absorption / release properties on the plaster board substrate can be used. In any case, a thickness of about 9 mm to 12 mm is preferable from the viewpoint of cost effectiveness. The moisture absorbing / releasing material having moisture permeability and holding power of H2O has a moisture reflux rate (moisture permeability) of less than 1 g / m 2 · h · mmHg. Incidentally, the numerical value of the moisture reflux rate of the 9.5 mm thick plaster board is 0.95.
As the interior material used for the floor, a material having a low ratio of cooperation between moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change is used. Specifically, solid board materials such as cedar and straw are suitable. Alternatively, plywood that can transmit moisture may be used. In order to withstand heavy objects, it is preferable from the standpoint of cost effectiveness to double-ply about 30 mm for solid plate materials and 12 mm thick plate materials for plywood. The numerical value of moisture reflux rate (moisture permeability) is not limited to less than 1 g / m 2 · h · mmHg.
Compared to the floor area, the ceiling area is about 1.4 times, the area of the inner wall facing the heat insulation layer / inner ventilation layer on the outdoor side is about 1.6 times, and the total is about 3 times. This is the area of the inner wall / ceiling facing the heat insulation layer. Therefore, if the moisture absorption from the room is simply considered, it reaches three times the moisture absorption from under the floor. This is the reason why an indoor dehumidifying effect can be obtained as a result even if a moisture absorbing / releasing material with low moisture conduction efficiency is used.
Of the interior materials used for inner walls and ceilings, moisture absorbent materials that have a high ratio of moisture absorption and release and H2O phase change can be used for all interior walls and ceiling interior materials in terms of dehumidification load management. Without any problem, the efficiency of moisture discharge from the room is increased. However, considering the aspect of moisture content management, in order to stably supply the kinetic energy necessary for vaporization and moisture release by means other than ventilation, facing the heat insulation layer that can acquire solar heat energy by solar radiation, It is limited to the ceiling from which radiant heat can be obtained and the inner wall on the east-west side. These are the upper limits of the area and range to be used. That is, if priority is given to moisture content management, the inner wall including the partition wall other than the inner wall on the east / west / south side where radiant heat can be obtained uses an interior material that does not have moisture absorption / release properties. If moisture absorbing / releasing material with a low ratio of moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change is used instead of interior material that does not have moisture absorbing / releasing properties, it does not contribute to the formation of the moisture discharge path, and dehumidification load management Represents counter-effect from above.

In turn, in forming the moisture discharge path according to claim 21, a moisture absorbing / releasing material having a low ratio of moisture absorption / release and phase change of H2O is used for the flooring material, and the interior material of the inner wall / ceiling is used. If a moisture absorbing / releasing material having a high ratio of cooperation between moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change is used, the purpose can be achieved. Moreover, even if interior materials that do not absorb moisture are used for the interior materials of the inner walls and ceilings, moisture absorption and desorption with a high ratio of the relationship between moisture absorption and release and phase change of H2O is applied to some of the interior materials of the inner walls and ceilings. The purpose can be fulfilled by using wood.只 In order to increase the efficiency of moisture discharge to the outdoors and respond to the problem of dehumidification load management, the inner wall is more than the area of the moisture absorbing / releasing material with a low ratio of moisture absorption / desorption to the floor and the phase change of H2O. -Ensure a wide construction area for the moisture absorbing / releasing material that has a high ratio of cooperation between the moisture absorbing / releasing material used for ceiling interior materials and the phase change of H2O.
Now, the influence of radiant heat through the heat insulation layer on the north side where solar heat cannot be acquired by solar radiation is scarce, and vaporization and moisture release using radiant heat cannot be expected. In addition, warm air can be used regardless of whether it is east, west, south, or north, but it is a weak source of kinetic energy because it receives cold air from geothermal heat beneath the floor during ventilation. Therefore, it is better to use the interior material used on the north side that does not have moisture absorption and desorption. Vinyl cloth on the base of the plaster board does not have moisture absorption / release properties on the indoor side, and has moisture absorption / release properties on the inner ventilation layer side. is there. The same applies to the partition wall between the rooms, and it does not face the heat insulating layer, and the influence of radiant heat cannot be expected. Therefore, from the viewpoint of dehumidifying load management and moisture content management, interior materials that do not have moisture absorption / release properties are used.
The ceiling shown in FIG. 15 is constructed along the roof slope, but as shown in FIG.

In summer, the underfloor vent and the second vent vent will be opened to allow air to flow in the flow path formed by the communicating underfloor space, inner ventilation layer, ceiling back space, and underbuilding space. The interior material used for the inner wall and ceiling has a high ratio of the relationship between moisture absorption and release and H2O phase change, and therefore can absorb cold energy and moisture from the outside air cooled by radiation cooling. The air that released moisture along with the cold energy becomes lighter, rises, and is discharged to the outside through the ventilation holes under the second building. The liquefied and absorbed H 2 O is vaporized and dehumidified in the inner ventilation layer the next day without moving to the indoor side. The energy of this vaporization and moisture release into the inner ventilation layer is the energy of air having a temperature of 30 degrees, and is the radiant heat that reaches the interior material from solar thermal energy acquired by solar radiation in the heat insulation layer.
When the blower fan is operated, the ventilation opening under the second building is closed, and it is first operated both day and night. At night, the rising force of air is weak due to the effect of radiative cooling. If it is cooled by the effect of geothermal heat through the underfloor space, the air becomes heavier and has no ascending power. Therefore, if the lifting force is obtained with the help of the blower fan, the air is lightened by moisture absorption and cooling to the interior material in the process of rising inside the inner ventilation layer, and is easily discharged to the outside from the communication port. In cold regions such as Shinshu, the outside temperature during summertime is drastically reduced, and a cooling effect can be obtained without using an air conditioner. On the other hand, in the warm and humid area, the temperature drop at night is too slow and it is difficult to spend comfortably. In any case, most of the energy of nighttime geothermal and radiative cooling is consumed for the absorption of condensation heat, and it is difficult to expect an indoor cooling effect. On the other hand, in the daytime, it can be expected to have a heat shielding effect due to vaporization and moisture release, and it can be expected to be somewhat effective in suppressing the rise in indoor temperature.

If the daily fluctuation of the interior materials used is not large, the function of restoring the moisture absorption capacity by releasing moisture into the room does not work sufficiently. In other words, even if the relative humidity in the room decreases, the function of releasing moisture into the room does not work sufficiently. In other words, even if the dehumidifying device is used to dehumidify, the moisture release from the interior material is small, and the dehumidifying load is not greatly increased.
Now, in the daytime, heat is stored in the heat insulating layer by solar solar radiation acquisition, and radiant heat is generated therefrom, so that heat energy can be supplied to the interior material. Interior materials that use moisture-absorbing / releasing materials with a high liquefaction ratio absorb moisture and cool by radiation cooling at night, and perform latent heat storage on the outdoor side of the interior materials. The interior material used is not originally highly moisture permeable, so the increase in moisture content that occurs on the exterior side of the interior material moves to the indoor surface during the night and does not affect the interior side of the interior material. . That is, the increase in the moisture content generated on the outdoor side does not affect the moisture release pressure from the indoor side surface.
Now, the interior material can absorb moisture from the room under an environment where the temperature is lowered and the humidity is increased by radiation cooling at night. It is the result of latent heat storage of moisture absorption and cooling using radiative cooling and an increase in relative humidity. That is, since the daily variation difference of the interior material is not large, it does not have a moisture absorption capacity beyond the change of the relative humidity. However, it is possible to evaporate and dehumidify under the influence of radiant heat in the daytime and cause a decrease in moisture content. Moreover, since the inside ventilation layer has excellent air permeability due to the generation of upward airflow due to the influence of solar heat, vaporization / moisture release is promoted, and the released moisture is quickly released outside the building. Accordingly, the moisture content of the interior material is significantly reduced, and the moisture absorption capacity can be recovered beyond the diurnal variation inherent in the interior material.
As described above, it absorbs moisture from the room and absorbs it from the room at night, which leads to so-called humidity adjustment. Moreover, even if the relative humidity on the outdoor side of the interior material is higher than that on the indoor side, a situation such as moisture release into the room due to the backflow of moisture can be avoided. Moreover, moisture absorption from the room is due to latent heat storage accompanied by liquefaction, and is not of a nature of moisture absorption / release due to the relative humidity level. As a result of the combined action, even if the room is conditioned using a dehumidifier, an increase in the dehumidification load in the room can be avoided.

Two exhaust channels can be secured for exhausting moisture from the communicating underfloor space and inner ventilation layer to the outside of the building through the ventilation openings. The first is that the floor material permeates through the floor floor and flows into the room, the interior wall and ceiling interior material from the room flows into the inner ventilation layer, and the building from the ceiling back space and the second building vent This is a discharge path that is discharged outside. Although the amount is small, the floor material used has a low ratio of moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change, and the direction of moisture absorption / release due to the relationship between moisture content, equilibrium moisture content, and relative humidity. Is determined. The second is a discharge channel that discharges from the underfloor space through the inner ventilation layer to the outside of the building from the ceiling back space and the second building's ventilation opening. The work of these two discharge channels is great. Moisture that tends to stay in the underfloor space is discharged by the relationship of relative humidity, moisture content, and equilibrium moisture content in addition to ventilation, and the occurrence of condensation in the underfloor space can be suppressed. Moreover, if moisture absorbing / releasing material (floor material) with low moisture conductivity is used, more moisture than the amount of moisture that permeates into the room through the floor passes through the inner wall / ceiling interior material to the inner ventilation layer / ceiling space / building. It is discharged from the lower vent to the outside of the building and does not increase the indoor dehumidification load. The two discharge paths can be formed by utilizing condensation = liquefaction as an action. Not only the reverse logic but also the difficulty of configuring the invention specific matters. In addition, when dehumidifying a room using an air conditioner, the moisture discharge path from the underfloor space increases.
When operating the second blower fan, close the second building lower ventilation opening. Therefore, the discharge path is replaced from the second building lower ventilation port to the second building lower communication port.
The thickness of the cedar board used for the flooring reaches 30 mm. Usually, the range in which moisture can be absorbed or released within one day is about 2 mm in depth. Therefore, it takes 15 days to penetrate even if moisture always flows in one side. Compared to the mode of penetration seen in the interior materials of the inner walls and ceiling, it is remarkably slow. It can be said that the influence on the humidity control in the room is small. Nevertheless, the effect of absorbing moisture from the underfloor space is great from the viewpoint of preventing condensation.

When the air conditioner is operated indoors for dehumidification and cooling, the indoor relative humidity is lower than the relative humidity in the inner ventilation layer. In that case, if a low ratio of moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change is used as the interior material, moisture cannot be absorbed from the room to the interior material. Further, a backflow of moisture is generated from the inner ventilation layer into the room. In order to prevent moisture permeation into the backflow chamber, a material that promotes liquefaction at the time of moisture absorption and has a high cooperation ratio between moisture absorption and release that can be absorbed in a liquid state and phase change of H 2 O is used. Unlike gaseous H2O, liquid H2O is not limited in the direction of movement by the relationship between relative humidity, moisture content, and equilibrium moisture content, and is affected by the acquisition of thermal energy that induces vaporization. Specifically, thermal energy is obtained in the form of convection heat and radiant heat originating from daytime solar thermal energy, and vaporized and dehumidified in the inner ventilation layer. By finally releasing moisture outside the building, the backflow of moisture into the room is prevented.
After all, when dehumidifying using an air conditioner, it not only dehumidifies in terms of function, but also generates and supplies cold air. The moisture absorbing / releasing material can absorb moisture from the room having a low relative humidity when the cold air is absorbed latently. Therefore, the dehumidifying load of the air conditioner does not increase and is reduced. That is, without increasing the dehumidifying load of the air conditioner, three different moisture discharge paths are secured and dehumidification of the underfloor space can be achieved.
By the way, another point of view is added as to whether or not the liquefied and absorbed H2O is conducted and released to the inner ventilation layer. That is, it is a problem related to the problem of moisture conduction efficiency. As a factor for promoting conduction, there is a large force for vaporizing and expanding by obtaining kinetic energy from radiant heat and convective heat derived from solar heat. However, not only that, the role of the blower fan is great.
The blower fan can be operated day and night. However, when the fan is operated only during the day and not at night, the moisture conduction efficiency (from the room to the inner ventilation layer) can be increased. So, through liquefaction, it absorbs moisture from the room where the relative humidity is low day and night, absorbs the heat energy during the day and improves the rate of vaporization and dehumidification to the inner ventilation layer where the relative humidity is high. The moisture conductivity can be improved. See paragraph 0081. This leads to an improvement in the efficiency of moisture absorption (dehumidification) from the room, reduces the dehumidification load of the air conditioner, and as a result, reduces the generation of condensed heat and suppresses the heat island.

When solid boards such as cedar boards are used for interior and ceiling interior materials as a moisture absorbent material with a low ratio of moisture absorption and release and H2O phase change, moisture absorption and release and phase change of H2O are used as the base material. Use moisture absorbing / releasing plate materials with a high ratio of cooperation, and lay it on the indoor side of the structural base material of columns and studs. The base plate is preferably a plate material composed mainly of silicate calcium. If you don't have a budget, you can replace it with a plasterboard. As a result, the air conditioner is used to cool and dehumidify the room, and even if the relative humidity in the room is lower than the relative humidity in the inner ventilation layer, the interior of the inner ventilation layer through the interior material of the inner wall and ceiling can be used to enter the room It can contribute to the prevention of moisture penetration (backflow).
Eventually, the function is the action and effect of absorbing moisture from the B surface and releasing it to the B surface (the difference between the moisture content and the equilibrium moisture content). Action and effect of absorbing moisture from side B and releasing moisture from side A after conduction of moisture (creation of heat conductivity contrary to heat insulation). Action and effect of absorbing moisture from surface A and releasing moisture from surface A (improvement of heat insulation performance in winter by suppressing energy transfer using a waterproof sheet). The above three actions and effects can be realized, and further, the action of absorbing moisture from the A surface and releasing moisture from the B surface after the conduction of moisture can be suppressed.
Further, when the air conditioner is operated using midnight power to cool and dehumidify the room, the room can be efficiently dehumidified while preventing the reverse flow of moisture. Therefore, the relative humidity in the room is lowered enough to release moisture from the moisture absorbing / releasing material stretched on the surface. As a result, the moisture content of the moisture absorbing / releasing material stretched on the surface decreases. Therefore, without dehumidifying with an air conditioner during the day, the interior material can absorb moisture and dehumidify from the room, and the relative humidity in the room can be kept at 70% or less. This effect can be realized more effectively when a moisture-permeable windproof waterproof sheet is sandwiched between two types of moisture-absorbing / releasing materials. In other words, daytime humidity control using midnight power can be implemented as a system. In addition, a heat shielding effect utilizing radiant cooling can be obtained at the same time.
During the winter, the ventilation holes under the second building and the underfloor ventilation will be closed and utilized as an airtight house to increase heating efficiency. A comfortable indoor environment can be realized while practicing energy conservation not only in summer but also in winter.

On the wall or roof facing the south, the air warmed and lightened by solar radiation produces rising pressure. On the other hand, on the wall or roof that faces the north and cannot receive solar radiation, the air that has been cooled by the outside air is lowered. If the air descends in the inner ventilation layer, the warm air in the outer ventilation layer or the roof ventilation layer descends in the inner ventilation layer on the north side and the ceiling space, and reaches the underfloor space. . A part of the warm air in the underfloor space transfers and stores heat to dirt concrete.
The energy stored in the soil concrete during the daytime is dissipated into the air in the underfloor space at night, and the warmed and lightened air rises in the inner ventilation layer excluding the north side. The energy also circulates in the form of circulating in the flow path in the underfloor space, the inner vent layer, and the ceiling space in conjunction with the descending air in the north inner vent layer. In the process of circulating in the flow path, sensible heat transfer / accumulation to the frame occurs, which becomes part of the radiant heat generated through the inner wall / ceiling. Radiant heat makes the living comfort in the winter room comfortable.
The above is an example of the air circulation in the wall in the winter. In the summer, when the moisture absorbing / releasing material is used, the influence of the wall in the east, west, south, and north varies greatly depending on whether solar heat energy can be acquired by solar radiation. If solar radiation can be acquired, moisture release can be promoted and the moisture content can be lowered. If solar radiation cannot be obtained, the moisture content will remain high in the form of drawing moisture.
Now, in the case of “closing an open / close vent and making it an airtight house in the summer” described in paragraph 0015, the relationship between the interior material and the moisture absorbing / releasing means other than the interior material is the same as the relationship described in paragraph 0092. Can be implemented. Moreover, the ventilation means is also provided in the same manner, and the cold air at night can be taken into the indoor space by the ventilation means. The interior material with diatomaceous earth coated on the plaster board base has moisture absorption / release properties on the indoor side, but the interior material of vinyl cloth on the plaster board base is different in that it does not have moisture absorption / release properties on the indoor side. The interior material of the vinyl cloth on the plaster board base can be used for the entire interior material.
Now, the air flow in the channel formed by the underfloor space, the inner ventilation layer, and the ceiling space that communicates in summer is also planned. Regardless of the season, upward airflow occurs due to solar heat in the inner ventilation layer. In summer, on the wall or roof facing the south, the air warmed and lightened by solar sunshine produces a rising pressure. Moreover, since the radiant heat from the solar sunshine influences even after sunset, the upward air flow caused by the solar heat causes the air in the channel to flow even after sunset.
On the other hand, the wall or roof that faces the north and cannot receive solar radiation is cooled by the outside air after sunset, and the heavy air descends. It is cooled by the effect of geothermal heat through the underfloor space, and receives cold air from the underfloor during ventilation. In conjunction with the descending air in the north side inner ventilation layer, energy also circulates in the form of circulation in the flow path in the underfloor space, inside ventilation layer, and ceiling space.
By the way, H2O liquefied and absorbed by the interior material is vaporized and dehumidified in the inner ventilation layer in the next daytime. The energy of vaporization of the interior material and the moisture release into the inner ventilation layer is the energy of air having an air temperature of 30 degrees, and is the radiant heat that reaches the interior material from solar thermal energy obtained by solar radiation in the heat insulation layer. The interior material that has been vaporized and dehumidified in the inner ventilation layer during the daytime and has a reduced moisture content absorbs and absorbs moisture at night, and performs latent heat storage on the outdoor side of the interior material. Air is lightened by moisture absorption and cooling to the interior material, that is, air that has released moisture along with the cold energy is lightened and rises in the inner ventilation layer. Moreover, cold air is received from under the floor during ventilation. And most of the energy of geothermal energy at night is consumed for absorption of condensation heat at the time of latent heat storage of moisture absorption and cooling, and heat insulation effect can be expected during the day by vaporization and moisture release.
As the interior material used for the inner wall and ceiling, the interior material facing the east, west, and south where radiant heat can be obtained uses a material with a high ratio of moisture absorption and release and H2O phase change. Is preferably a plate material mainly composed of silicate calcium (such as tielite wood). Or it can be set as the paper cloth tension or diatomaceous earth coating finish which has moisture absorption-and-release property to a plaster board (gypsum board) base. In addition, when using an interior material that does not have moisture absorption / release properties, the vinyl cloth on the plaster board base does not have moisture absorption / release properties on the indoor side, and has moisture absorption / release properties on the inner ventilation layer side. There is no moisture release.
Now, if an openable / closable underfloor vent that is open to the outside air and an open / close vent that communicates with the space behind the ceiling are separately installed, the same structure as the double ventilating method in the wall described in paragraphs 0139 to 0145 is obtained. In addition to geothermal heat, it can absorb cold energy and moisture from outside air cooled by radiant cooling.
Regarding claims 21 and 22.
Specifically, when an air conditioner is used, the air in the inner ventilation layer is cooled through the interior material that separates the room from the inner ventilation layer. Cold absorption is likely to occur, and moisture moves from warm to cold. Therefore, moisture absorption is encouraged in a form that draws moisture, and the moisture content remains high. Furthermore, if moisture absorption / cooling is achieved by radiative cooling at night and solar radiation is not acquired, the moisture content will remain high. So solar heat is indispensable for moisture content management.
Therefore, it is necessary to come up with a problem (condensation) derived from the use of an air conditioner and to provide a measure for suitably implementing the system.
“The vinyl cloth on the PB base does not have moisture absorption / release properties on the indoor side and moisture absorption / release properties on the inner ventilation layer side”, and therefore does not release moisture to the indoor side. Moreover, since the moisture permeability of the interior material used is not high, the increase in the moisture content generated on the outdoor side of the interior material moves to the indoor surface during the night and does not affect the indoor side of the interior material. . Therefore, it is used for at least part of the interior material on at least the north side of east, west, south, and north.
“Cooling means for supplying cold air from the interior side of interior materials” is based on the cold air generation function of the HP air conditioner or HP water heater installed in the indoor space, or introduces outside air from outside the building and circulates in the room By means of ventilation, including ventilation to discharge the air outside the building. If the ventilation system forcibly exhausts the air in the indoor space, fresh outside air can flow into the negatively-spaced indoor space. Further, if the air supply / exhaust is forced, the ventilation efficiency increases.
“Means of cooling the ceiling space and / or the inner ventilation layer” means “the ceiling space and / or the inner ventilation layer is opened to the outside air by an openable vent, and the outside air is introduced from outside the building, A ventilating means that opens and closes, an openable and closable ventilation opening under the floor, or a blower fan that is open to the outside air is used. Cool energy and humidity are supplied from outside air cooled by radiant cooling. (Claim 3 or 4) Therefore, the interior material using the moisture absorbing / releasing material having a high liquefaction ratio absorbs and absorbs moisture by radiative cooling at night, and performs latent heat storage on the outdoor side of the interior material. Furthermore, it is vaporized and dehumidified due to the influence of radiant heat in the daytime, causing a decrease in water content. In addition, since the inside ventilation layer has excellent air permeability due to the generation of ascending air current due to the influence of solar heat, vaporization / moisture release is promoted, and the released moisture is quickly released outside the building. Accordingly, the water content is drastically reduced.
Alternatively, when it does not depend on the cold air generated by the open / close vent, the “means for cooling the ceiling back space and / or the inner ventilation layer” is the “ceiling space and / or the inner ventilation layer” according to claim 6. It is possible to use an air conditioner with an installed dehumidifying function (HP air conditioner or HP water heater). When using geothermal heat in the underfloor space (Claim 2), refer to the content described in paragraph 0147 for the mechanism.
As the interior material used for the inner wall and ceiling, the interior material facing the east, west, and south where radiant heat can be obtained uses a material with a high ratio of moisture absorption and release and H2O phase change. Is preferably a plate material mainly composed of silicate calcium (such as tielite wood). Or it can be set as the paper cloth tension or diatomaceous earth coating finish which has moisture absorption-and-release property to a plaster board (gypsum board) base. In addition, when using an interior material that does not have moisture absorption / release properties, the vinyl cloth on the plaster board base does not have moisture absorption / release properties on the indoor side, and has moisture absorption / release properties on the inner ventilation layer side. There is no moisture release.

It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the Example of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the Example of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the Example of this invention. FIG. 4 is a detailed oblique sectional view of a wall of the building shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3. It is a schematic sectional drawing of a roof body and a wall body. It is a schematic sectional drawing of a roof body. It is a schematic sectional drawing of a roof body. It is a schematic sectional drawing of a roof body. It is a plane schematic sectional drawing which shows the heat insulation panel of a wall body. It is a plane schematic sectional drawing which shows the appearance of a wall body. It is a plane schematic sectional drawing which shows the internal heat insulation of a wall body. It is a plane schematic sectional drawing of a wall body. It is a plane schematic sectional drawing which shows a wall body heat insulation panel. It is a plane schematic sectional drawing of a wall body. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the Example of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the Example of this invention.

1. Ventilation vent 1. Roof 3. 3. Roof ventilation layer Field plate 5. Rafter 6. Rafter receiver 7. Heat insulation material A 8. 8. Airtight insulation layer Outer ventilation layer 10. Airtight material 11. Basics 12. Digit 13. Pillar 14 Foundation 15. Inner wall 16. Cedar board material 17. Real 18. Insulation B
19. Trunk edge receiver 20. Communication port 21. Trunk edge 22. Outer wall 23. Basic top 24. Bond hardware 25. Bonding hardware 26. Inlet 27. Heat exchange type ventilation fan 28. Breathable windproof tarpaulin 29. Inner ventilation layer 30. Floor 31. Underfloor space 32.1000MM 33.15MM
34.910MM 35. Notch 36. Underground 37. Ceiling space 38. Ventilation opening under the ridge 39. Space under roof ridge 40. Sub-building communication port 41. Blower fan 42. Air supply communication pipe 43. Ventilation opening under second building 44. Underfloor ventilation 45. Heat storage body 46. Second building lower entrance 47. Second blower fan 48. Air conditioner 49. Indoor space 50. Ceiling 51. Exhaust communication pipe 52. Foundation soil concrete 53. Hut space

Claims (3)

It is composed of structural members such as foundations, foundations, pillars, girders, and beams that structurally support buildings, and roofs and walls that have roofs, outer walls, and heat insulation layers.
Using at least a part of the roof body and / or the wall body using a moisture absorbing / releasing panel composed of a moisture absorbing / releasing material, a moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet and a moisture absorbing / releasing material ,
From the solar thermal energy acquired by solar radiation to the roof and / or wall, radiant heat from the outdoor side to the moisture absorbing / releasing material is generated,
Comprising a cooling means for supplying cold air to the moisture absorbing / releasing material,
Liquefying the vaporized function of the Hygroscopic material to mediate a phase change H2O of the condensation heat and liquid H2O produced during the liquefaction process the condensation heat by cold air, holds the liquid H2O An eco house characterized by latent heat storage . The latent heat storage is used for moisture absorption / absorption of a moisture absorption / release material with a high ratio of moisture absorption / release and phase change of H2O, which is used for at least a part of the roof and / or wall of the east-west south surface except the north side. Eco housing according to claim 1 brought about by cold, wherein Rukoto. The ecological moisture-absorbing / releasing material absorbs radiant heat originating from solar thermal energy by vaporizing and evaporating from the liquid H2O, and traps it in a form of latent heat called moisture. Housing.

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