JP2007332533A - Ecologically friendly residence - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To realize energy saving as an environmental measure, to suppress influence on a heat island phenomenon through producing heat of condensation accompanied with dehumidification and exhaust of sensible heat while enhancing a dehumidifying/heat shielding function in summer, and furthermore to improve a heating effect in winter. <P>SOLUTION: A means giving high airtight heat insulating performance of a house in winter, and exhausting air by a ventilating layer in summer is provided. By using interior material with moisture absorbing/discharging properties, cooperation between moisture absorbing/discharging and the phase change of H<SB>2</SB>O is controlled (promoted/suppressed) by combination/superposition of different moisture absorbing/discharging materials. Natural energy such as ground temperature/radiation cooling/solar heat and midnight power are efficiently used for adjusting humidity/moving energy. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  In order to disseminate high-performance houses in high-temperature / humid areas, this invention uses midnight power as natural energy, such as geothermal and radiative cooling, in order to stop the contradictory of energy saving, comfortable indoor environment, and environmental load. As a source, it absorbs solar heat poured by solar radiation in summer, a: energy transfer or control associated with the linkage between moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change, or b: phase change of moisture absorption / release and H2O Insulation panel that controls energy transfer associated with cooperation, or air conditioning method that uses b: i or b, or d: building that uses b, i, b, or c, or i: b, b, c, or d Regarding air conditioning load, dehumidification load management, moisture content management, and environmental load.

About social background.
After the Industrial Revolution, a social structure that relied on fossil energy has become established, which has allowed us to live a rich life. However, while activities are becoming more active at the social level today, the negative impact on the global environment is strongly conscious and the countermeasures have been widely discussed. The direction is expressed in the Kyoto Protocol.
By the way, at the individual level, the energy consumed in houses accounts for a large proportion. Recently, indoor air conditioning by air conditioning in summer and winter is a natural era. Therefore, a device that can lead a comfortable life while practicing energy conservation was required, and social consensus was reached. As for the practice of energy saving, on the one hand, it is energy saving represented by the next generation type energy saving house, and on the other hand, the pursuit of energy saving by improving the energy consumption efficiency of devices such as air conditioners.
Under such circumstances, we have pioneered a third way to practice energy conservation through the use of natural energy or surplus midnight power and the spread of high-performance housing while meeting the growing needs of consumers. It helps to address environmental issues such as climate change and global warming.

In cold regions, the amount of energy consumed for heating is generally large, which is a heavy burden on the household. Highly airtight and highly heat-insulated houses are becoming more popular in the developed cold regions because they have a remarkable energy saving effect that is required in winter and can provide a comfortable living environment.
However, in warm regions, the cost-effectiveness of energy saving is small, and it is rare that the outside temperature falls below freezing even in winter, and it is difficult to recognize the improvement effect as compared with the cold region in terms of the living environment. Furthermore, the decisive point is that summer heat insulation measures are still insufficient.

Generally, a synthetic resin-based heat insulating material with a small heat loss is used in a highly airtight and highly heat insulating house. In winter, it has a high thermal insulation performance, so it is an optimal material for thermal insulation in cold regions. Further, in order to prevent the occurrence of condensation, high airtightness is required in addition to heat insulation. In that respect as well, board-shaped synthetic resin insulation is the optimal material.
However, the situation is reversed in summer, and heat insulation materials used for walls and ceilings are exposed to heating for a long time due to solar radiation. The heat insulating material absorbs and stores heat to become high temperature, and radiant heat generated by the heat storage effect impedes maintaining a suitable room temperature.
Furthermore, although the amount of heat stored by the daytime heat insulation effect is radiated and cooled at night through the outer ventilation layer, the heat insulating material becomes a heat storage body due to its heat capacity, so it takes time to cool. Until cooling progresses, it becomes radiant heat into the room, which increases the cooling load in the room.
In view of the above circumstances, heat shield measures in summer become indispensable in warmer regions, and what has been implemented, though insufficient, has been examined.

In Japanese Patent No. 3251000 (Patent Document 1) and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-328464 (Patent Document 2), solar thermal energy acquired by solar radiation is converted to radiant heat by the heat storage effect in the heat insulating material, thereby increasing the indoor cooling load. It provides a means to prevent heat storage in the heat insulating material by shielding sunlight.
To put it simply, “The reflection of solar heat from the heat-reflecting foil on the surface of the heat insulating material can greatly reduce the heat conduction to the surface of the heat insulating material, and the heating and heat storage on the heat insulating material itself are reduced. The amount of heat that flows through the ceiling, walls, and other perimeters is reduced, resulting in a reduction in the amount of energy required to cool the room. "
The above means is effective in suppressing an increase in indoor temperature in the summer and suppressing an increase in cooling load. However, this heat shielding means has not yet been provided with an indoor humidity control and air purification function by architectural ingenuity. Further, the shielded solar thermal energy is exhausted only in the form of sensible heat. Further, the heat reflecting foil reflects solar heat regardless of the season. So, in winter when solar thermal energy use is high, the use of solar thermal energy is hindered by heat reflection and suffers a changed heat loss.
Furthermore, when aiming at the radiant heating effect obtained as a result of energy conversion using wall ventilation in the winter season, suppressing the acquisition of solar thermal energy by daytime solar radiation with a heat reflecting foil may result in heat loss affecting the effect. Absent. Therefore, the heat shielding method using the heat reflecting foil is not necessarily optimal.

In Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-54518 (Patent Document 3), “two ventilation layers of an outer ventilation layer and an inner ventilation layer are formed with a heat insulation layer as a boundary, and communicate with the outside air independently of each other. "Means having performances that conflict with each other in summer and winter by opening and closing the communication passage and means for suppressing the occurrence of condensation in the inner ventilation layer and the underfloor space in the summer wall" have been disclosed. However, in the opinion, it is expressed as “It is possible to prevent the occurrence of condensation in the space under the floor”.
In winter, the communication path at the upper end of the inner ventilation layer and the foundation fabric damper at the lower end are closed to improve airtightness and heat insulation, and in summer, the communication path and damper are opened to improve air permeability. It is intended to have the performance to do.
Therefore, in the summer season only, the inner ventilation layer ensures air permeability, hot air and moisture do not flow excessively indoors, and part of the hot air from solar radiation is discharged outside in the form of sensible heat through the outer ventilation layer. It is planned to be. However, the method of exhaust heat by sensible heat generally does not sufficiently exhibit its effect, contrary to its intention. This is because, while exhausting heat, heat storage in the housing is inevitable. Furthermore, excessive swell of moisture can be avoided and the occurrence of condensation in the inner ventilation layer can be prevented, but the humidity inside and outside does not change, and it does not have a function of adjusting indoor humidity to be lower than outdoors. In addition, since hot air and humidity are constantly supplied from the outside, the load for dehumidifying and cooling the room increases. On the other hand, although the heat of summer heat, which is a drawback of high-air-tightness and high-insulation houses, is somewhat improved and has the effect of slightly suppressing the rise in discomfort index, it has a comfortable indoor environment without artificial dehumidification and cooling. Efficacy to realize is not revealed.
Now, the outdoor temperature in summer is high, and the day around 35 degrees continues during the day. The room in which people live is usually kept lower. If it cannot be kept lower than the outdoors in a natural state, the indoor temperature is kept at approximately 28 degrees or less for comfortable living by using artificial means such as an air conditioner. In that case, the air in the inner ventilation layer is cooled through the interior material separating the room and the inner ventilation layer. As a result, the air in the inner ventilation layer becomes heavier than outdoors, and the relative humidity increases. Furthermore, since moisture moves from a warm place to a cold place, it becomes a factor for increasing the relative humidity. In addition, the heavier air acts in the direction of descending the wall space and is discharged to the outside through a vent under the floor. The inside ventilation layer on the north side where solar heat cannot be obtained by solar radiation cannot be obtained radiant heat energy that passes through the heat insulation layer, and appears prominently. (Or stagnant in the inner ventilation layer.)
By the way, although the ventilation fan in the communication passage allows ventilation in the inner ventilation layer, the supply of moisture continues through the damper, and the relative humidity in the inner ventilation layer and the underfloor space remains high. As a result, moisture tends to stay in the underfloor space due to the influence of the geothermal cool air, but it causes condensation in the underfloor space where the ventilation effect is weakened, and adheres to the structural material. This is contrary to the purpose of suppressing the occurrence of condensation, which is the initial purpose, but it is not possible to prevent condensation in the underfloor space only by the effect of ventilation. Eventually, a more comfortable indoor environment is realized, and when the room is cooled by an air conditioner, condensation is further induced in the underfloor space.
Although not described in the claims, when a blower fan is mounted in the communication path, warm and humid air is constantly supplied from the outside, and thus the cooling load increases. In addition, there is no particular effect that the dehumidifying load can be reduced. Moreover, the ventilation in the inner ventilation layer alone does not suppress the occurrence of condensation in the under-floor space where the mechanical ventilation effect is thin and easily squeezed.
There is no particular description of interior materials.只 If you want to improve the ventilation effect of the room by using the blower fan to promote the ventilation of the inner ventilation layer, or if you cool the room with an air conditioner, the moisture inside the inner ventilation layer and under the floor space Inflow is encouraged. As a method for preventing the occurrence of condensation in an underfloor space where moisture tends to stay, a method of absorbing moisture by using a moisture absorbing / releasing material as an interior material is effective. However, if a moisture absorbing / releasing material is used for the interior material, the permeation / inflow of moisture into the room through the moisture absorbing / releasing material is inevitable depending on the conditions. In addition, when dehumidification is performed artificially using a dehumidifier to reduce the humidity in the room, there is a significant difference in humidity between the interior and exterior of the interior material. Permeation and inflow continue. Eventually, the moisture supply (back flow) from the outside increases, and the load of dehumidification in the room increases. This leads to not only an increase in cooling load but also an increase in the generation of condensation heat due to the operation of the dehumidifying device, which causes a further heat island.

In addition, the content of patent number 2998083 patent gazette (patent document 4) is the flow of the air in the flow path exhausted outdoors from a basic ventilation port through an inner ventilation layer and a building ventilation port using a shape memory alloy. Is controlled in summer and winter, and the basic function of controlling the flow of air through opening and closing of a ventilation port or the like is not different from the content of Patent Document 3. It is intended to maintain a good indoor environment without using human means. Specifically, “In the internal ventilation layer, air flows from below to above. It is released to the outside from the ventilation device in the back of the hut .... The room by allowing air to breathe on the wall surface. The humidity and ventilation of the inside of the structure, the humidity of the timber of the structure, and the ventilation can be adjusted very effectively, and the living environment can be brought into a very favorable condition. ”(0011 to 0012) By letting the air flow through the layer and the internal ventilation layer, it is possible to keep the house cool by the flow of air, and even in the midsummer, especially in the sultry summer ... It becomes possible to maintain and manage the entire house in good condition.Such air flow is very effective in promoting the breathing action by the wall surface and exhausting the humidity in the room. "(0025)
Shinshu, where the technology was originally developed, is famous for summer resorts. It is relatively cool even in the hot and humid midsummer, and there is a great climatic difference from warm and humid areas. Therefore, there is a limit to the indoor environment that can be realized without using artificial means in a warm and humid area, and it is necessary to endure the people who live.
Therefore, when a more comfortable environment is demanded by using an air conditioner, the same problem as the problem of the technology appears. Specifically, the moisture absorbing / releasing material is positively used for the interior material of the inner wall, such as “providing the inner wall material so that moisture can be absorbed and exhausted” (Claim 1), and “ As the moisture permeation between the indoor space and the inner ventilation layer is achieved by the action of “discharging the water”, depending on the selection of the moisture absorbing / releasing material to be used, the previous problem (when the air conditioner is operating, The moisture penetrates the inner wall material from the high inner ventilation layer into the room, and the dehumidification load in the room increases). In addition, as long as the moisture absorbing / releasing material that separates the inside and outside of the inner wall defines the direction of moisture permeation due to the difference in relative humidity, it will not be escaped from the previous problem, and it is the target `` effect of exhausting indoor humidity. I can't expect. However, this problem at the time of air conditioner operation is not conceived. In addition, the selection of the moisture absorbing / releasing material to be used can solve the previous problem, but since the location of the problem has not been conceived in the first place, the description of the characteristics of the moisture absorbing / releasing material to be used and the moisture absorbing / releasing material There is no mention of the impact of selection based on differences in characteristics, and it has not been conceived or raised as a problem. (Technical level)
Further, if the air conditioner is used for cooling, the cold air is transmitted from the room through the inner wall material to the inner ventilation layer. As a result, the temperature of the air in the inner ventilation layer decreases and the relative humidity increases. Furthermore, the air becomes heavier, the ascending force of the air is lost, and the air stays and descends. However, there is no means to eliminate the stay / descent. Air conditioning is unavoidable in order to spend comfortably in warm and humid places, unlike Shinshu, which is relatively cool in summer. Therefore, it is necessary to come up with a problem (condensation) derived from the use of the air conditioner and to provide a measure (such as a blower fan) for suitably implementing the system.
By the way, according to the description of “0025, such a flow of air (raising the inner ventilation layer) is very effective as an action of promoting the breathing action by the wall surface and exhausting the humidity in the room” (0025) When dehumidifying indoors, the direction of moisture absorption and desorption is known from the relationship of relative humidity, moisture content, and equilibrium moisture content.
There is no particular description of the flooring that separates the underfloor space from the room. While utilizing the moisture absorption and desorption characteristics of the inner wall material, the moisture absorption and desorption characteristics of the solid board or plywood usually used as flooring are not considered. The inner wall is discharged from the room to the inner ventilation layer by the “effect of discharging room humidity”. If considered similarly to the case of the inner wall material, moisture permeates from the room into the space under the floor and is discharged. And it rises through the underfloor space and the inner ventilation layer. However, in reality, sufficient ventilation is not ensured in a part of the underfloor space, which causes a humidity increase in the underfloor space. If the humidity rises, it is necessary to examine the possibility of backflow into the room. Moreover, since the underfloor space is not able to obtain solar radiation and is cooled by the influence of geothermal heat, the relative humidity remains high due to the continuous inflow of moisture from outside the building through the underfloor vent. The possibility of backflow is further increased. Also, a portion of the underfloor space is prone to moisture retention, the conditions for condensation are satisfied, the risk of condensation is much higher than in the inner ventilation layer, and if there is no appropriate means for draining moisture, condensation occurs. The occurrence of is inevitable. In the end, the need for a technology to fix contradictions is not conceived as a problem, and no means for solving it is conceived. (Technical level)
As a method for solving the above problems, the communication path / ventilation port is closed to cut off the communication between the inner ventilation layer and the outside, and the house is made airtight in summer. In that case, the energy of radiation cooling and geothermal energy cannot be used, and the possibility of realizing the humidity control function by exhausting moisture through the inner ventilation layer, the communication path, and the ventilation port, which is one of the purposes, disappears. In addition, since the airtight performance is enhanced, the necessity of operating the ventilation system for 24 hours arises. Further, the loss of the humidity control function increases the dehumidifying load of the dehumidifying device and increases the energy consumption. Furthermore, the amount of condensed heat generated increases due to the function of the dehumidifying function of the air conditioner, which promotes the formation of a heat island.
Therefore, under the different climatic characteristics from the cool Shinshu area to the warm and humid area, in the winter season, we take advantage of the air-tightness of the airtight house to improve the heating effect and save energy, while in the summer we make use of the openness of the ventilated house. While pursuing the maximum architectural ingenuity, the effective use of natural energy such as geothermal and radiative cooling to conserve energy artificially while increasing the cooling load, increasing the dehumidifying load, and creating a heat island The construction of a system that can avoid the promotion and suppress the occurrence of condensation in the underfloor space.

Mud-walled buildings that have been handed down as a traditional construction method in Japan have been taking advantage of the moisture absorption and desorption function of the soil, and the moisture release with phase change due to the relationship between the moisture content of the soil and the relative humidity and the supply of kinetic energy. The heat of vapor generated at the time of heating suppresses the radiant heat generated as a result of accumulating heat on the roof / wall of the building by solar heat. If it is limited to the summer, the heat shielding effect can be obtained although it is limited to the range where the radiant cooling energy can be obtained.
土, the soil wall has high thermal conductivity, and it is difficult to ensure heat insulation due to the energy loss caused by the reversal of energy transfer in summer and winter. In addition, cracks progress as the film dries, making it more difficult to ensure airtightness. Therefore, there are significant problems in securing airtightness and heat insulation performance, which are important as basic performance of buildings.
When the airtight performance is low, the infiltration of air containing a large amount of moisture cannot be prevented, and the humidity adjustment effect brought about by the moisture absorption function of the soil wall cannot be suitably maintained. Furthermore, it is difficult to secure a flow path for air circulation in the building and control the flow in the flow path. Therefore, it is not possible to suitably control the moisture supply and moisture absorption promotion and the cooling energy supply and absorption promotion. Eventually, cooling energy cannot be used due to the supply of geothermal heat, and moisture absorption cannot be promoted by changes in relative humidity and H2O phase changes. The ratio of cooperation between moisture absorption and liquefaction, and the relationship between moisture absorption and H2O phase change, as well as the direction of moisture absorption and release, all end up being left by natural ventilation, which is the limit of indoor environment improvement. is there.
On the other hand, the effect of suppressing the temperature rise by the cooperation between the moisture absorption / release and the phase change of H2O in the summer is exhibited, and in the winter, the heat loss may be caused by the combination of the moisture absorption / release and the phase change of the H2O. In order to prevent the heat loss, it is necessary to secure the air circulation channel in the building and control the circulation in the channel. However, it cannot be controlled favorably and heat loss is inevitable. Or, as a result of promoting the creation of heat transfer that contradicts heat insulation, it is necessary to have a means to prevent reversal of the heat transfer that occurs between summer and winter in the heat insulation layer, but it can be prevented with simple measures. In other words, no means has been provided so far to suppress the creation of heat transfer that is contrary to heat insulation. No, it should not be conceived about creation of heat conductivity contrary to heat insulation, and further, it should not be conceived about control of promotion and suppression. (Technical level)

By the way, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-3000386 (Patent Document 5), “the use of the heat of vaporization that occurs when water evaporates, suppresses the rise in temperature in the back of the house due to solar heat radiation, The aim is to increase the cooling effect of the air conditioner, leading to the suppression of the rise in room temperature.
The invention described above, “Moisture absorption and release material that absorbs and releases moisture is housed in the back of the hut, and the back of the hut is forcibly ventilated by a fan at night, so that moisture contained in the outside air is absorbed by the absorption and release material. In the daytime, the roof is forcibly ventilated by a fan to vaporize the moisture absorbed by the moisture absorbing / releasing material, and the cabin is cooled by the latent heat of vaporization of moisture.
“In short, because a large amount of heat is required for vaporization of moisture, the cooling capacity of the hut is very high due to the latent heat of vaporization, and even in summer, the temperature rise of the hut can be sufficiently suppressed due to solar radiation. The indoor temperature rise can be sufficiently suppressed. "
As a result, the energy saving effect associated with the use of the air conditioner in the room, which is the initial purpose, can be improved. In general, the energy consumption is reduced by about 10%.只 Whether or not the cooling capacity can be obtained by the effect of the latent heat of vaporization, depending on whether the moisture release from the moisture absorbing / releasing material is due to the phase change of liquid H2O or the release of gaseous H2O. It will be decided. It is also a difficult point that the neighborhood is not clear.
However, under the cooperation between moisture absorption and release and H2O phase change, the indoor moisture is absorbed by liquefaction, and the cooling energy supplied indoors is transferred (heat transfer), and the solar heat energy is converted by the heat of vaporization. It absorbs and exhausts heat in the form of moisture. As a result, it has not been provided with the function of exhausting indoor moisture to the outside to dehumidify and shield it from heat.

Not only in highly airtight and highly insulated houses, but also in hot and humid areas in summer, the discomfort index is high, making it difficult to spend. Therefore, not only temperature control but generally the dehumidifying function of a dehumidifier / air conditioner is used to remove moisture from the indoor space in a form that consumes electric energy. In addition, when dehumidifying depending on the air conditioner, electric energy is consumed more than cooling. Furthermore, with dehumidification, water and heat of condensation are generated. This heat of condensation is also a factor in the urban heat island phenomenon.
Now, when adjusting the indoor temperature using an air conditioner, cool air is introduced into the room and the indoor hot air is discharged to the outside. In this case, the cold air introduced into the room is eventually discharged outdoors, and is fused with the previously discharged hot air. Therefore, the influence of discharged hot air on the environment is neutral.只 The effect of energy consumed for air conditioner operation remains.
When a dehumidifying device such as an air conditioner is used for humidity adjustment, condensation heat is generated when the moisture in the air is liquefied. That is, when adjusting the humidity in the room, not only electric energy is consumed for the operation of an air conditioner or the like, but also water and condensation heat are generated and discharged outdoors. So it affects the surrounding environment. It is a factor that promotes the heat island phenomenon that has become a social problem. After all, when using an air conditioner, humidity control has a greater influence on the environment than temperature control. Therefore, environmental humidity can be reduced if indoor humidity control can be partially replaced by the function of an air conditioner.
Even if you use the air circulation system in the wall, if you look at the span of spring, summer, autumn and winter, the humidity inside and outside is high during the summer, and the moisture absorbing and releasing materials for wood and earth used for structural materials and finishing materials are It only absorbs moisture. Moreover, the difference between the moisture content and the equilibrium moisture content will eventually disappear, and there will be no moisture absorption capacity. During winter, the indoor and outdoor environments are dry, and the moisture-absorbing and releasing materials release moisture. Thus, some of the indoor humidity accumulated during the summer season is released outside the building by the wall air circulation system.
In order to dehumidify indoors, some of them are released outside the building by using seasonal fluctuations in the moisture absorption and desorption of wood and earth used for structural materials and finishing materials, but most of them are used for dehumidifiers and air conditioners. Dehumidification function is performed by consuming electric energy. At that time, the generated heat of condensation is inevitably discharged. Moreover, most dehumidifiers are operated during the daytime in summer. Therefore, the demand for electricity in the daytime in summer is extremely large, overlapping with a period of high demand for cooling. If operation of the dehumidifier during the daytime can be avoided, it will contribute to the leveling of power demand.

  Recent high airtight and highly insulated houses require a 24-hour ventilation system. And the total heat exchange type exhaust fan provided with the function to remove moisture at the time of ventilation is used. It performs heat exchange when taking in outside air and at the same time removes moisture.エ ネ ル ギ ー Energy consumption increases compared to simple ventilation with exhaust and air supply. Moreover, the total heat exchange type exhaust fan does not have a performance sufficient to create a suitable indoor environment with respect to temperature and humidity in a warm and humid place. And it does not mean that the system has been improved to such an extent that the effect of promoting the humidity control function appears in the indispensable ventilation function.

  A double ventilation system in the wall has been developed, and various methods using the system have been developed and proposed. In one direction, the inner ventilation layer (inner circuit) is not only used as an air ventilation means, but also (a) constitutes a part of the ventilation system, and (b) ensures the flow path and distribution of energy supply, (C) Used as part of energy transfer and energy conversion mechanisms. It is a typical example that enhances the work of a building by relying on architectural ingenuity.

As disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 2905417 (Patent Document 6), a method of operating indoor and outdoor ventilation means while being integrated with a winter heating system has been provided. Specifically, “the air circulation building uses the entire underfloor as a common air circulation space in the entire building, and air is circulated inside the walls and in the respective rooms so as to raise air from the underfloor space.” “The opening provided in the inner wall is for allowing air to flow into the room”.
By the way, as described above, the space behind the ceiling does not constitute an air flow path. This is due to the following circumstances. Due to the influence of the radiant heat generated as a result of heat storage in the thermal insulation of the ceiling behind the thermal energy acquired by solar radiation in the summer, the cold air circulating from the underfloor space is maintained and distributed to the ceiling space. This is because it is difficult. Or, normally, when only the ventilation function is expected, the circulating air is warmed by the influence of the radiant heat in the process of passing through the ceiling space, which flows into the room and deteriorates the indoor thermal environment. Because it invites. Furthermore, because of the climatic characteristics of the developed area, the effect required in winter was more important than the effect required in summer.
After all, the air circulation building aims to improve the effect of the ventilation means in cooperation with the energy transfer / energy transfer during the heating in the winter, and efficiently transfer the energy during the cooling in the summer. It is because it does not aim to improve the effect. However, summer countermeasures are not completely unnecessary. Originally, an air circulation system using a wall is used as an air flow path including the space behind the ceiling. However, in the conventional method, it is important to reduce the influence of solar thermal energy in the ceiling space in consideration of summer efficiency. Therefore, although it is a product of compromise to reduce, as a means to exclude the ceiling space from the distribution space, the installation location of the opening for air to flow into the indoor space is excluded from the ceiling and the inner wall is selected It was done. Therefore, an air flow path from the underfloor space to the inner ventilation layer of the wall body and the indoor space is formed to reduce heat loss as compared with the case of passing through the ceiling space.
To support the above, in FIG. 1 of the document, the inner ventilation layer and the ceiling space are not in communication. Although there is no specific description in the claims and the detailed description of the invention, the notation of FIG. 1 is provided with a wall separating the inner ventilation layer and the ceiling space. This wall prevents air from flowing between the inner ventilation layer and the ceiling space.
However, the description of the opening (communication port) flowing into the room is not seen in the claims, whether the means is technically established. Therefore, it is permitted to provide an opening in the ceiling. In this case, as discussed above, the temperature rise of the air flowing into the room is more unavoidable due to the heat storage effect of solar heat.

By the way, in the conventional air circulation method, no matter what kind of flow path is selected in the summer, heat loss caused by radiant heat, which is a result of heat storage of solar thermal energy, cannot be avoided. The same is true even if distribution to the ceiling space is avoided to reduce heat loss, and heat loss through the walls on the east, west, and south sides is unavoidable. Moreover, compared with the developed Shinshu area, heat loss in the summer is even greater in the warmer regions, and the air circulation method is unsuitable from the viewpoint of the means of energy transfer in the summer. Furthermore, whether air at normal temperature or cold air is sent, it is unsuitable for maintaining a good indoor thermal environment.
Regarding humidity control, the dehumidification effect is aimed at by the cooperation between the double ventilation system in the wall and the total heat exchange type ventilation fan. As described above, the total heat exchange type exhaust fan does not have the ability to realize a favorable environment for temperature and humidity control. And the said air circulation building has not led to the performance more than the performance with which a total heat exchange type exhaust fan is equipped regarding temperature / humidity adjustment.
Specifically, it is a flow of the technology disclosed in Utility Model Publication No. 5-38168 and the technology of the air cycle. The wall body has a double ventilation layer, and the inner ventilation layer circulates air. Yes.只 Although the inner ventilation layer is used for the air flow path for ventilation, it is important to devise an idea to cut the connection between the inner ventilation layer and the outer ventilation layer isolated by the hermetic insulation layer. No idea or ingenuity has been found for creating or utilizing complementary cooperation between the two ventilation layers.
After all, in the warm and humid areas, unless it depends on the function of dehumidification and cooling of the air conditioner, it is not possible to realize a suitable indoor environment in summer, day or night.

In Japanese Patent No. 2935942 (Patent Document 7), as in the case of the air circulation building, the underfloor space, the space in the wall, and the space behind the ceiling communicate with each other, and the indoor and outdoor ventilation is performed through the heat exchange type ventilation fan. A method of performing and providing energy supply during heating has been disclosed. Although there is no specific description regarding the heat shielding measures in the disclosed technology, a vent (communication port) through the space in the wall and the living space (indoor space) is installed in the lower part of the window. Therefore, the air flow path is composed of an underfloor space, a wall space under the window, and a living space. Therefore, the wall space above the window is excluded from the flow path flowing into the living space. Furthermore, in addition to the living space, air in the ceiling space is exhausted to the outside through the heat exchange type ventilation fan. This is an ingenuity not found in the above-mentioned air circulation building, forcibly discharging the hot air accumulated in the space behind the ceiling together with fresh air to reduce heat loss from the roof, and solar thermal energy This will reduce the impact on the living space. By these two means, it is intended to reduce the influence of radiant heat generated by the accumulation of solar thermal energy in the roof and walls in summer.
で は In this technology, fresh air with high oxygen concentration taken from outside is released to the outside for the purpose of exhaust heat without passing through the living space, so it is not suitable in terms of efficiency from the original purpose of ventilation. Therefore, the running cost required for ventilation increases. It is also unsuitable for realizing a radiation cooling effect. In addition, since the outer ventilation layer is not formed, there is no room for progress to a dehumidification / heat shielding mechanism by complementary cooperation between the inner ventilation layer and the outer ventilation layer. In other words, it creates heat transfer that is contrary to heat insulation, absorbs solar heat energy that is absorbed and absorbed indoors, and receives solar radiation, and forms latent heat outdoors through the outer ventilation layer and roof ventilation layer (or the space behind the hut). The heat is exhausted and the effects of dehumidification and heat insulation are not realized.
As a fundamental circumstance, no double ventilation layer is formed on the wall. Therefore, there is no way to exhaust heat through the outer ventilation layer and the attic space. If there is no means for exhaust heat, the influence of radiant heat, which is an effect of accumulating solar solar energy that is radiated, is great. Therefore, in order to reduce the influence of the living space on the thermal environment, heat must be exhausted from the ceiling space using forced means. Although it seems to be an effective means of exhaust heat by linking ventilation and ventilation, it is better to install a blower with less energy consumption and use it for exhaust and exhaust heat from the outer ventilation layer / back space of the hut for better heat insulation This leads to a method of use that promotes the creation of contradictory heat transfer, and is efficient.
In addition, in the above two technical notations, there is no description in the claims that air flows into the room from the wall through the communication port and the communication port which are means for communicating the room and the wall. In particular, in the latter case, not only the communication port for flowing into the room, but also the intake port and the discharge channel necessary for forming the channel for discharging to the outside and the supply channel for supplying air to the underfloor space from the outside as the constituent elements Also not seen.

By the way, for the purpose of realizing a radiant cooling effect in summer, even if an air conditioner is installed in the space behind the ceiling and the cooling energy is released therefrom, the cooling energy cannot be smoothly circulated. In addition to the heat loss caused by the solar thermal energy described above, the air pressure difference in the air circulation channel is an obstacle.
Therefore, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-120957 (Patent Document 8), by keeping the air pressure in the underfloor space at a negative pressure, the cold air discharged from the air conditioner installed on the second floor ceiling is in the wall space. Is lowered so that the entire building can be circulated. According to this technique, the circulation of air in the building can be suitably secured during cooling, so that if sufficient cooling energy can be supplied, radiation cooling that is gentle on the body can be used in cold regions.
This is significant from the viewpoint that air can be smoothly circulated during cooling, but that alone does not immediately increase the cooling effect. In order to increase the cooling effect in temperate areas, it is necessary to cool the heat insulating material to suppress the radiant heat that results from the accumulation of solar heat. However, a large amount of cooling energy must be supplied. Also, the drive energy of the blower fan is consumed to create a pressure difference between the underfloor space and the ceiling space. Eventually, in temperate and humid areas, the radiant heat generated in the heat insulating material as a result of heat storage of solar thermal energy is suppressed, realizing energy saving or reducing the amount of power used in the daytime, while effectively obtaining the cooling effect. It has not reached.
Furthermore, since it does not have a function of ventilation that is indispensable for a highly airtight and highly insulated house, it is necessary to provide a means of ventilation by some method even if it is a separate system. Further retroactively, a large amount of energy cannot be supplied smoothly unless a pressure difference is created using a blower fan. In addition, using an air conditioner to supply a large amount of energy consumes electrical energy for cooling by the refrigerant, and exhaust heat through the outdoor unit is concentrated in the daytime, which helps to create a heat island that is becoming a social problem. To be.
In addition, since dehumidification depends entirely on the function of the air conditioner, the release and transfer of energy due to the discharge of condensed heat generated as a result of dehumidification to the outside is inevitable. It promotes further heat island formation.

In any case, in terms of geographical conditions in Japan, the invention is an invention in a region belonging to a cold region, and is effective under a climate unique to that region. Due to the climatic characteristics, adiabatic and airtightness has been an important means of temperature management with an emphasis on cold countermeasures.
If it is limited to the winter season, it is the best choice not only in cold regions but also in warm regions. However, if it is limited to the summer season, it is not enough to manage the temperature alone. Especially in a warm area, the roof is directly irradiated with the strong sunlight of the summer. The radiant heat generated in the wall body etc., which reaches ˜70 ° C. and uses the hot air as an energy source, has greatly affected the indoor thermal environment.
In any case, the high thermal insulation performance required in winter (low thermal conductivity), on the contrary, produces a heat storage effect in the thermal insulation in the summer, creating a troublesome existence of radiant heat. Therefore, countermeasures against radiant heat in the summer are important, but none of the above inventions take countermeasures against radiant heat. In addition, it does not have suitable humidity control and air purification functions.
As described above, in the so-called high-temperature and high-humidity regions of the IV and V regions, measures against moisture and extreme heat in summer are particularly important. It is so important that it cannot be compared with Shinshu, Hokkaido, which is relatively easy to spend in summer.
By the way, in References 6 and 7, it is described that solar thermal energy collected through the roof surface is used for winter heating through the ventilation system.只 In most areas of the cold region, it is difficult to obtain solar heat on the roof surface constantly due to snow during the winter, and the area where solar heat energy can be stably used is limited. Therefore, the winter energy saving method using the ventilation system shown above cannot be effective if solar heat cannot be obtained.
By the way, compared with those for temperate regions, it is necessary and required to enhance the heat insulation performance as a cold region specification. Generally, this is dealt with by increasing the thickness of the heat insulating material. In that case, it is not possible to expect a performance higher than that indicated by the numerical value of the heat reflux rate of the heat insulating material. Moreover, if the heat insulating material is thickened, it will hinder the energy transfer required in summer. Therefore, in the cold regions of I, II, and III regions, it is necessary to devise a device that contributes to the improvement of thermal insulation performance that is suitable for snowfall.

In the previous two inventions, the wall body has a function of ventilation and ventilation, is responsible for the flow and distribution of energy, and is further responsible for the mechanism of energy transfer and conversion.
However, as disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 7-1367, “The use of a heat insulating material was used to ensure the isolation between two air-permeable layers intended for airtightness and heat insulation. In order to prevent the dew condensation characteristic of winter, it is devised with a view to consciousness that "the intrusion of moisture, which is the source, is prevented."
Since then, highly airtight and highly insulated houses that have adopted a double ventilation system in the wall have reached the present day without escaping from the idea of preventing condensation. Therefore, a synthetic resin board-like heat insulating material having no moisture absorption / release property, high moisture permeation resistance and high airtight heat insulating performance has been widely used implicitly.
However, when a ventilation layer is formed by using a synthetic resin-based heat insulating material and serves as a ventilation and ventilation function and plays a role of an energy transfer channel, another problem arises at night in summer. Outside air with high relative humidity taken into the underfloor space is cooled by the influence of geothermal heat, reaches the dew point, and tends to cause condensation under the floor. Moreover, when a large amount of cold air is generated / supplied by installing an air conditioner in the flow channel aiming at radiant cooling, condensation is more likely to occur in the underfloor / wall ventilation layer.
As a solution to this problem, silica gel or the like having high moisture absorption capacity is installed in the flow path to perform dehumidification in the underfloor space.只 The effect is that it does not continue. In the end, we have to rely on the dehumidifying function of the air conditioner to dehumidify. It cannot contribute to reducing the dehumidifying load and does not help to suppress the heat island.

By the way, in cold regions where highly airtight and highly insulated houses have been developed, there are also climatic characteristics in areas where priority is given to measures against the cold caused by high insulation performance. In fact, the need for using a heat insulating material with moisture absorption and desorption is scarce.
Nevertheless, one of the factors that brings about the advantage of adopting a heat insulating material that absorbs and absorbs moisture by suppressing the risk is to `` forced latent heat exhaust heat '' and absorb moisture due to moisture retention indoors. There is a possibility of suppressing the increase in moisture content of the moisture release material. The possibility is that the cooling energy required for liquefaction is supplied indoors to H2O, and when it passes through a heat insulating material that mediates phase change, solar heat energy acquired by solar radiation is absorbed by the evaporation of H2O, and in that case, the latent heat of moisture It can be trapped in a shape and discharged outside. In the end, it is possible to provide a means for exhausting indoor moisture to the outside while confining solar heat from sensible heat to latent heat. (Hereinafter, the inside isolated by the airtight insulation layer is called indoor, and the outside is called outdoor.)
只, the possibility opens to the place of utilizing “condensation” that has been eating away Japanese houses since long ago. This is not only a problem of the performance and durability of real houses, but also provides issues that should be overcome with human consciousness.

By the way, although it is not a highly airtight and highly heat-insulated house, Patent No. 2585458 (patent No. 2585458) is a means for discharging moisture and hot air staying indoors to prevent condensation by using a moisture absorbing / releasing material for the heat insulating material. Reference 9).
According to claim 1, “a moisture permeable heat insulating layer composed of a combination of a heat insulating layer and a moisture permeable waterproof / windproof layer that allows moisture in the wall to pass through the wall of the building is provided. As it is described in `` ... and letting out exhaust from the back ventilation vent ... The effect can be expected for discharging hot air that tends to stay indoors. However, moisture is constantly supplied from the outside through the underfloor vents, and the airtightness is not high, so moisture enters from anywhere. Therefore, although the effect of exhausting moisture that tends to stay indoors to the outside through the moisture-permeable heat insulating layer by the flow of wind can be expected, it does not show the effect of improving the indoor environment with respect to humidity. Moreover, as mentioned above, there is also the effect of radiative cooling at night in the summer, and the air with high relative humidity and heaviness descends from the back of the hut through the wall and under-floor vents, and as a result, the backflow of moisture For those who want a comfortable indoor temperature and humidity environment, humidity is not enough, and they must rely on the dehumidifying function of air conditioners and other equipment. At that time, in addition to the part where airtightness is not ensured, moisture intrusion (back flow) from the outside through the moisture-permeable heat insulating layer further increases, resulting in energy loss and condensing due to dehumidification. It leads to increase of heat generation and promotes heat island formation. Therefore, the advantage of providing a moisture-permeable heat insulating layer cannot be found. Alternatively, if it is assumed that it does not rely on equipment such as an air conditioner, the temperature and humidity environment in which it can be realized must be forced to endure greatly even for nature-oriented people.
Moreover, when the heat insulating material having moisture absorption / release properties is used, the influence of the walls of east, west, north, south, and north varies greatly depending on whether solar thermal energy can be directly acquired by solar radiation. If solar radiation can be obtained, moisture release can be promoted, and the heat insulating material can lower the moisture content. If solar radiation cannot be obtained, moisture absorption will be promoted by attracting moisture, and the moisture content will remain high. In the end, it is not possible to properly manage the moisture content and achieve both a high level of health and a comfortable living environment at a high level.
Furthermore, in discharging hot air, no phase change is mediated by the moisture-permeable heat insulating layer, and no function of confining in the form of latent heat of moisture is seen. That is, the hot air is only discharged through the ventilation layer in the form of sensible heat. This leads to the fact that the cooling energy supply means necessary for achieving latent heat is not recognized as a component.
In addition, the discharge of moisture staying in the wall through the hygroscopic heat insulating material is important because it answers the problem of preventing the occurrence of condensation in the wall. However, moisture is a target that should be removed to prevent dew condensation, but the energy contained in the moisture is used to realize energy transfer from the interior in cooperation with the phase change of H2O mediated by the heat insulating material. However, it is not assumed that the solar heat energy is made latent heat or the humidity flow direction is controlled.

Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 63-58103 (Patent Document 10) provided an indoor dehumidification method.
“Because the interior material provided on at least one of the ceiling and wall of the building is made air permeable and moisture absorbing / releasing material is provided on the exterior surface of this interior material, air containing moisture in the room passes through the interior material. Moisture is absorbed by the moisture absorption / release material, and a ventilation path forming material is provided that forms a ventilation path that allows wind to come into contact with the moisture absorption / release material, so that moisture in the moisture absorption / release material evaporates in the ventilation path. In this way, moisture contained in the air in the room can be taken out of the room, so that the room can always be kept in a low humidity state, and condensation occurs on the interior surface of the interior material. Can also be prevented. "
The main point is that moisture in the indoor space is absorbed by the moisture absorption / release material, released to the ventilation path outside the room, moisture inside the room is removed, and the humidity is kept low while preventing condensation. It is. This is the same problem / effect as the content of the literature in the previous section. Furthermore, with regard to the use of energy transfer, the energy contained in the moisture is used to realize energy transfer in cooperation with the phase change of H2O mediated by the heat insulating material, and to achieve the latent heat of solar thermal energy It is not assumed. In other words, moisture in the air permeates through the moisture absorption / release material as moisture, and is only released as moisture, and uses heat transfer during phase change to create heat transfer that is contrary to heat insulation, from indoors. It is not possible to achieve the effects of dehumidification and heat insulation by connecting the cooling energy supply to solar energy absorption. By the way, both of the former are unaware and easy to absorb cold air, and the rate of moisture absorption and desorption is superior to moisture desorption. Therefore, the ratio of the relationship between moisture absorption and desorption and H2O phase change is considered. Absent. Therefore, “the moisture content of the insulation on the north surface remains high”, where solar heat cannot be obtained by direct irradiation. Further, when the humidity in the living room is lowered by using the dehumidifying function of the air conditioner, the normal moisture passes through the moisture absorbing / releasing material from the outside of the living room and flows back into the living room. However, no breakthroughs have been proposed for either. In other words, it is not conceived as an issue and has not been raised. Furthermore, “condensation” is strongly recognized as something that should be avoided, as it is a problem to remove moisture and prevent condensation by utilizing the moisture absorption / release properties of the moisture absorption / release material.
Now, it is important to ensure ventilation through the interior side of the interior material so that moisture can be absorbed from the room, permeated through the interior material and exhausted to the outdoor side.現 実 Actual buildings consist of many elements, and as a result of the increase in relative humidity in the underfloor space due to various factors, there is a problem of dew condensation in the underfloor space due to air retention or backflow of moisture from under the floor to the room. Come out. To come up with the challenge of controlling the direction of moisture conduction and the formation of a heterogeneous moisture discharge path that can utilize solar thermal energy to comprehensively solve new problems arising from natural energy such as geothermal and radiative cooling Not reached. In the end, it is difficult to come up with a new problem that arises unless the idea is to use condensation = liquefaction as an action.

The above-described method for exhausting heat from the hut is based on an unprecedented idea of absorbing solar heat energy and making it latent heat by changing the phase of H2O, and includes various possibilities.
只 According to the idea of the invention, `` the consciousness of indoor humidity control was sparse '' and `` the past spell that heat insulation is isolated in terms of air tightness and heat insulation '', indoor moisture is moved out of the building It has not been possible to provide a function that can exhaust and cool the air supplied indoors to simultaneously achieve the indoor dehumidifying effect and the heat shielding effect.
In addition, it comes from the difference in “recognition” about energy transfer accompanying the phase change of H2O. That is, heat transfer is accompanied by the phase change of H2O, and moisture absorption / release without phase change is not accompanied by thermal energy transfer. In addition, it is also important to recognize whether the heat insulating material having moisture absorption / release properties maintains the moisture state or the liquefied water state after absorbing the moisture. Even if the heat insulating material is held in a moisture state and released from the heat insulating material as moisture, energy transfer does not occur. In that case, the cooling effect does not appear.
In order to generate energy transfer that exhibits a cooling effect, it is necessary to undergo a phase change of liquefaction. Therefore, the problem of the treatment of the heat of condensation generated during liquefaction also appears in promoting phase change.

Specifically, even though moisture absorption from the cabin space is efficiently performed by forced ventilation by the fan, it does not lead to an increase in the efficiency of moisture absorption through the heat insulating material from the ceiling space. Moreover, the latent heat storage that absorbs moisture when supplying moisture through the supply of cooling energy from the interior does not lead to the creation of heat transfer that is contrary to heat insulation by utilizing the conductivity of moisture. This is because of the past spell that heat insulating material cuts between the air-permeable layers separated by the airtight heat insulating performance.
Furthermore, no countermeasure is taken into account for the heat of condensation that is generated when the phase changes due to moisture absorption.
In order to ensure and function the complementary relationship between the two ventilation layers, the balance between the moisture content of the moisture absorbing / releasing material as a factor that promotes moisture absorption and the relative humidity in the ventilation layer coming from there Must be fully understood within the framework of energy transfer by H2O phase change "liquefaction / vaporization".
However, the heat of condensation that occurs when moisture is absorbed and undergoes a phase change without knowing that is insufficiently absorbed as a result, is cooled by the outside air that has fallen in temperature due to radiative cooling, and combined with the increase in relative humidity, absorbs moisture. Surplus power is generated. Therefore, the replenishment of water necessary to suppress the radiant heat generated by the solar heat in the daytime is performed, and the rise in room temperature is suppressed by the heat of vaporization that is lost when the phase changes to water vapor, which is insufficient, but the initial purpose・ Effects can be obtained.
As evidenced by the above, there is no text referring to the heat of condensation that occurs when the moisture-absorbing / releasing material absorbs moisture and undergoes a phase change, as well as countermeasures. If the heat of condensation is not sufficiently recognized, the idea of promoting moisture absorption and “accelerating liquefaction” using cooling energy will not come out. Furthermore, the cooling energy supplied / absorbed from the inside is lifted by the opposite heat transfer and heat insulation properties, and the solar heat energy acquired by the sun is absorbed from the outside to be used for exhaust heat in the form of moisture to the outside. Will not come out. Further, the idea of promoting moisture absorption and “suppressing liquefaction” while avoiding the influence of cooling energy does not appear.
只 Liquefaction is synonymous with so-called dew condensation, and it is natural that the use of liquefaction as an action has been avoided unconsciously from the viewpoint of aversion and aversion to dew condensation due to the characteristics of Japanese climate.
Further, when moisture absorption / release is combined with liquefaction / vaporization, moisture absorption / release and liquefaction / vaporization are easily identified. That is, there is a strong tendency to grasp moisture absorption / release and energy transfer under unseparated conditions. Although it is also exposed in the above description, gaseous H2O and liquid H2O are confused and used in the term “water”. Not limited to this, most of the conventional techniques are confused or discussed without being clearly distinguished. The liquid H 2 O generated and supplied from somewhere is connected to the use of the heat of vaporization taken away from the surroundings when evaporating. In any case, at the stage where the distinction between gaseous H2O and liquid H2O cannot be made clear, it accompanies the phase change of H2O through liquefaction through cold air supply from the inside and vaporization through kinetic energy acquisition from the outside. There is no idea to use energy transfer for energy transfer that has a contradictory effect on heat insulation and heat transfer. If it mentions further, it will not lead to the idea of controlling in the form which controls or promotes the creation of heat conductivity contrary to heat insulation.

  Conventionally, it has been devised to keep the indoor air environment good by absorbing moisture and adsorbing moisture, chemical substances, etc., by utilizing the function of finishing materials such as walls of diatomaceous earth. It is not something that can be absorbed indefinitely, and some of the material absorbed by the wall and the like is released again into the living room, and the indoor air is contaminated, so it does not necessarily lead to air purification.

About the current state of power supply and demand in Japan. In terms of power generation, the proportion of energy that depends on nuclear power is increasing. The merit of relying on the energy of power generation for nuclear power is that it leads to suppression of carbon dioxide generated when burning fossil energy. So in some areas, the percentage is over 50%.
In terms of supply and demand, there is a bias in daily consumption in general private demand. Also, due to seasonal factors, the bias of power consumption within a day becomes even larger. Specifically, consumption will increase during the summer when cooling and dehumidification are needed.
Due to the circumstances as described above, the energy required for power generation is surplus during the night time compared to the daytime. Therefore, as a device to promote the use of surplus energy, a pumped-storage power plant that requires a large amount of money has been installed, and the reuse of electric power has been attempted. After all, encouraging the use of midnight power with low consumption not only leads to leveling of power consumption, but also to the efficient use of surplus energy from a social level.

The use of late-night power in air conditioning systems in buildings has been put to practical use because it provides various means for heating in winter. However, no special means are provided for cooling and dehumidification in summer other than the ice storage system.
Ice cold storage systems are not widely used in houses. This is not practical in terms of cost-effectiveness, and the fact that a dehumidifying means is additionally required overlaps. Furthermore, it is difficult to apply the ice cold storage system to the winter heating system, and there is a problem that separate air conditioning facilities are required in summer and winter.
By the way, due to the widespread use of seasonal contracts by time of day, the late-night power usage fee is set to be extremely high for daytime use in the summer, and reaches five times as much as compared to midnight. Therefore, if it is possible to adjust the temperature and humidity in summer mainly by using late-night power according to the present invention, it will greatly contribute to the household budget.

Regarding humidity control, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-193744 (Patent Document 11) provided a method for adjusting humidity in a room using midnight power.
It operates the dehumidifier at a set humidity of 50% during the time when midnight power can be used. In the economic mode, the dehumidifier restarts when the set humidity reaches 90% in the daytime, and in the comfortable mode, the set humidity is set in the daytime. When the humidity in the room reaches 70%, the dehumidifier is restarted.
In the above method, in the economic mode, the use of electricity in the daytime is avoided, and the original purpose of using midnight power is achieved. However, it is difficult to spend at 90% humidity. On the other hand, in the comfortable mode, it is easy to spend because the humidity is maintained at 70%, but the dehumidifier is operated frequently in the daytime, and economically comfortable indoor humidity cannot be achieved by using midnight power. .
The cause is that there is no proper understanding of the characteristics of the moisture absorbing / releasing material and the relationship between moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change and the concept of the ratio, and the difference in the effects of the ratio difference, This is because appropriate means based on the understanding cannot be implemented. Specifically, the ratio of the linkage between moisture absorption / release and the phase change of H2O is limited by the characteristics of the moisture absorption / release material or whether or not it has an environment / means that can supply cold air to the moisture absorption / release material. The And it leads to the difference of the range (projected on relative humidity) which can recover the moisture absorption capacity of a moisture absorption / release material.
In the above document, the humidity control plate is “a hydraulic composition mixed with a hygroscopic filler such as zeolite into a plate shape, or an inorganic metal fiber added with an alkali metal salt compound and held in a plate. Examples thereof include those formed into a plate shape, or those formed into a plate shape by filling a hydrophilic synthetic material in the pores of a hydrophobic synthetic resin.
Examples of the humidity control plate include those having a high ratio of cooperation with liquefaction during moisture absorption. However, the moisture absorption / release characteristics of the humidity control plate are described only from the viewpoint of moisture absorption / release, and no description of liquefaction / vaporization associated with moisture absorption / release is found. Eventually, whether moisture is absorbed or released depends on the surrounding environment (temperature and humidity), but its action varies depending on the characteristics of the moisture absorbing and releasing material. In addition, from the viewpoint of energy transfer, liquefaction and vaporization associated with moisture absorption and desorption are addressed in terms of the effects of liquefaction and vaporization on the mode of moisture absorption and release caused by energy transfer. Not.
If you want to maximize the effect of humidity adjustment due to moisture absorption and release without taking into account the phase change of liquefaction / vaporization, you must use a humidity control plate that does not retain liquefaction / vaporization as an operational characteristic. Don't be. Although it is a matter of technical level, it is not well understood.
Furthermore, if a new problem is pointed out, in general, when the inner wall material separating the inside and outside is used as a moisture absorbing / releasing material and a dehumidifying device is installed in the indoor space to adjust the humidity of the indoor space, the moisture absorbing / releasing humidity is related to the relative humidity. Therefore, the direction of moisture absorption / release is determined within the range of moisture content, equilibrium moisture content, and relative humidity, so the orientation cannot be controlled sufficiently. However, the reversal of moisture absorption and release, which means that the moisture is released indoors, causes the dehumidifier to operate excessively and not only consumes excess energy, but also leads to generation and discharge of unnecessary condensation heat. As a method for avoiding this, an airtight heat insulating layer is formed in a two-layer structure, a heat insulating material having moisture absorbing / releasing properties is used on the indoor side, and a heat insulating material having no moisture absorbing / releasing properties is used on the outdoor side. Therefore, the intrusion of moisture from outside due to moisture absorption / release is prevented, and an extra burden is not imposed on the dehumidifier. Moreover, depending on the device, it can evolve into an efficient dehumidification system that uses midnight power. In the past, as a technical level, the relationship between the relative humidity inside and outside, and the relationship between the relative humidity and the equilibrium moisture content, does not leave the area that captures the direction of moisture absorption and desorption. As long as that is the case, it is difficult to evolve into a system that can realize both a dehumidifying effect and a heat shielding effect while controlling the direction of moisture absorption and release. In other words, it is impossible to conceive as a problem to control the direction of energy transfer and to control the direction of moisture absorption / release while reducing (suppressing) the influence of the difference in relative humidity between indoor and outdoor. , I have not come up with a means to solve the problem. Reduction can be thought of as delaying the conduction of moisture or shifting the relationship between the moisture content of moisture absorption or moisture release within a certain limit. Suppression of moisture conductivity is contradictory to promotion, and it is necessary to be able to control what is contradictory in the heat insulation layer to be accelerated or suppressed depending on the situation.
More specifically, the direction of moisture absorption / release is determined by the moisture absorption / release material as a boundary depending on the relative humidity level inside and outside the room. That is, if the outdoor side relative humidity is higher than the indoor side relative humidity, the moisture absorbing / releasing material works in the direction of absorbing moisture from the outside and releasing it indoors in accordance with the equilibrium moisture content. Therefore, it is possible to absorb moisture from the indoor side where the relative humidity is low and permeate the moisture absorbing / releasing material to release moisture outdoors, or to stop the moisture flow from outdoors to indoors by stopping moisture release to the inside. I ca n’t think of it. This is the state of the art.限 り As long as we stay at this technical level, it is inevitable that moisture from the outdoor side will intrude into the indoor side where the relative humidity has been artificially reduced. And there is no end to wasted heat generation.
Therefore, in order to avoid loss, the direction of promoting (control) the direction of moisture absorption from the indoor side where the relative humidity is low to the moisture absorbing / releasing material and releasing the moisture to the outdoor side where the relative humidity is high, or from the outdoor side to the indoor side. It is important to consider the delay of moisture conduction as a new issue. It is necessary to devise and present a means for solving such a new problem and solving the problem.
The breakthrough can be found by utilizing energy transfer accompanied by phase change of liquefaction and vaporization, but liquefaction has been hated historically and culturally as dew condensation, and it is long thought to use dew condensation as an action. There is an obvious reason for not. In other words, common technical knowledge about the harmful effects of condensation has prevented the use of liquefaction = condensation as an action. (Inverse logic)

A latent heat type heat storage method using a phase change of solidification / melting has been put to practical use as an energy supply means for floor heating in consideration of heat conduction efficiency, suppression of heat loss, and the like. Specifically, it is provided in the contents described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-240958. It uses midnight power to store heat, dissipates heat during the daytime when it is not energized, and uses it for heating energy. There is a great merit for both socially and personally in that socially surplus energy can be effectively used at low cost.
只 The energy consumption efficiency is not good with the conventional methods of use. This is because, although the heat storage capacity is increased by adopting the latent heat method, it is not connected to the structure of the intention / means for improving the energy consumption efficiency as the air conditioning system.
Moreover, it is provided to the content of Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2002-195589 as what was utilized for the solar heat collection and thermal storage. Both are for heating only. If it cannot be used for cooling, it will not lead to efficient use of equipment and devices, and ultimately it will not be possible to reduce initial costs.
Furthermore, a system configuration of means for ensuring a stable supply of cooling energy necessary for cooling and dehumidification in summer from midnight power has not yet been provided. Further, when compared with the ice cold storage system, although the cooling effect can be obtained, it does not reach the heat island suppression effect in the dual sense by the dehumidifying effect and the heat shielding effect of the present invention. After all, neither air conditioners nor heat accumulators can produce outstanding effects or extraordinary effects by mere “replacement”.

Improvements are seen in terms of energy storage and storage and securing of heat storage capacity. According to the description of Japanese Patent No. 3049536 (Patent Document 12), “a floor heating structure that warms a room by radiant heat from the floor surface, a sand layer is formed between the slab floor and the ground surface, and the sand layer is electrically Resistive heating panels are laid directly on or near the ground surface and laid a predetermined number of times, and without forming a positive heat insulation layer between the electrical resistance heating panel and the ground surface, It is possible to form a heat storage layer in the geological formation.
The advantage of this means is that a large-capacity heat storage layer including the underground can be used as a means of heat storage and heat dissipation for heating in winter.
The problem of this means is that it is filled with a sand layer without providing a space between the heat storage layer and the slab floor surface, so that there remains a problem in building management.
For one thing, underfloor inspection is not easy, so the state of the sand layer contained in the building foundation cannot be determined. It will lead to delays in the discovery of the occurrence of pests under the floor, making it difficult to prevent damage. In this respect, it is difficult to eliminate consumer anxiety. One problem is the maintenance and inspection of water and sewer piping. Even if water leaks, it cannot be detected easily. Moreover, when water leaks, it not only affects the action and effect of the heat storage layer, but also affects the durability of the heating element.
Even more serious, the energy consumption efficiency associated with the use of electricity during heating is extremely poor. In today's pursuit of energy conservation, it is not a suitable means. In addition, the means of energy transfer from the slab floor surface to the indoor space is by heating / cooling using heat transfer. This causes the difficulty of control due to the problem and becomes a big problem.
The above means can only be grasped as a heating means, and has little possibility as a cooling energy supply / storage means. Originally, the underground cool air can be used, but there is no means for suitably using it for indoor cooling. Furthermore, the means for supplying cooling energy to the heat storage layer is limited to geothermal heat, and it is difficult to evolve into a system using midnight power. It is a problem before the improvement of energy consumption efficiency.

Japanese Patent No. 3251000 JP 2003-328464 A JP 2000-54518 A Japanese Patent No. 2998083 JP-A-6-3000386 Japanese Patent No. 2905417 Japanese Patent No. 2935942 JP 2003-120957 A Japanese Patent No. 2585458 Utility Model Application Publication No. Sho 63-58103 JP-A-8-193744 Japanese Patent No. 3049536

When using moisture absorbing / releasing materials, it is not possible to properly adjust the humidity of the indoor space using the targeted moisture absorbing / releasing properties unless the moisture absorbing / releasing material can be properly selected based on the difference in moisture absorption characteristics. .
When the moisture absorbing / releasing material is accompanied by liquefaction, the function of moisture desorption changes. Specifically, the relationship between the relative humidity when absorbing moisture and the equilibrium moisture content and the relationship between the relative humidity when releasing moisture and the equilibrium moisture content should be essentially the same. However, when the phenomenon of liquefaction / vaporization is accompanied, the situation changes. In other words, since moisture transfer, which is a concept unrelated to energy transfer, is linked and linked to energy transfer associated with the phase change of H2O, it is necessary to correctly grasp the phenomenon of moisture absorption / release without the concept of energy transfer. Can no longer do. In addition, if the difference between the equilibrium moisture content at the time of moisture absorption and the equilibrium moisture content at the time of moisture release, which increases as the relationship with energy transfer becomes stronger, humidity control using moisture absorption / release characteristics is required. Cannot be suitably performed. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to minimize (decrease) the divergence between the equilibrium moisture content at the time of moisture absorption and the equilibrium moisture content at the time of moisture release under the conditions of the same relative humidity and the same temperature. Furthermore, the problem is to increase the deviation.
The problem is that the divergence between the equilibrium moisture content at the time of moisture absorption and the equilibrium moisture content at the time of moisture release can be made as small as possible, and the humidity adjustment using the moisture absorption / release characteristics of the moisture absorption / release material can be suitably performed. And Specifically,
Based on the above-mentioned new issues, by using a moisture absorbing / releasing material that has a low ratio of coordination between moisture absorption and liquefaction, it is possible to suitably adjust the humidity of the indoor space using the targeted moisture absorbing / releasing property. Specifically, it is an issue that a humidity of 70% can be secured even in summer.
Furthermore, based on the above-mentioned new problem, while limiting the operation of the dehumidifier only to the night when midnight power can be used, the relative humidity of the indoor space is kept around 60% during the daytime in summer when the dehumidifier is not operated. This is the issue.

While using a heat-insulating material with moisture absorption / release properties in the airtight heat insulation layer on the north side where solar heat cannot be acquired by solar radiation, the moisture content can be controlled appropriately, and in addition, moisture absorption / cooling from the inside is contrary to heat insulation It is an object of the present invention to obtain the effect of heat shielding by connecting to the latent heat of sensible heat such as solar thermal energy obtained from the outdoors, and to obtain the indoor dehumidifying effect.
The task is to improve efficiency in terms of moisture content management, and to improve the heat shielding efficiency by receiving cold and moisture supply not only indoors but also outdoors.
In response to the increase in cold energy supply from indoors, by suppressing moisture absorption / cooling from the outside at night, the efficiency of moisture absorption / cooling from indoors and the movement of H2O from indoors to the outdoors is improved. The challenge is to increase the dehumidifying effect indoors.
In summer, the prescribed dehumidifying effect and heat-shielding effect can be improved. Control the movement of liquefied H2O by cooling from outside, and vaporize and dehumidify by obtaining solar heat energy in the daytime. Realize and realize the effect of underfloor radiant heating.
While implementing water content management appropriately, in the summer, in response to the increase in the supply of cold energy from the indoor, improve the efficiency of cooling and moisture absorption from the indoor, and improve the efficiency of H2O movement from indoor to outdoor It is an object of the present invention to further improve the indoor dehumidifying effect and heat shielding effect by improving the efficiency of vaporization and moisture release to the outdoors in the daytime.

About the subject after Claim 12. While taking into account the regional climate characteristics of the season, the natural air conditioning system that incorporates the features of the climate and is part of the air conditioning system, radiation cooling and symbiosis with the environment while using equipment efficiently It is an object of the present invention to provide a highly airtight and highly insulated house with a ventilation function in which various air conditioning systems can be selected according to the preference of residents, up to an air conditioning system capable of realizing the effect of radiant heating.
If the subject of the component of each claim is described.
1. Both water content management in summer and prevention of condensation and heat loss in winter.
2 Use solar thermal energy acquired by solar radiation for moisture content management.
3 Improved heat insulation function in summer and heat insulation performance in winter. Specifically, it achieves heat insulation performance that is equal to or higher than the value of the heat transmissivity that is an attribute of the heat insulating material.
4 Reduces heat loss in winter through an airtight insulation layer.
5. Both moisture content management and efficiency improvement of cooling energy absorption from indoors.
6 Both moisture content management, indoor dehumidification and H2O transfer efficiency improvement.
7 Uses midnight power as a cooling energy source necessary for daytime heat insulation and nighttime dehumidification, reducing running costs and saving energy.
8. Achieves both water content management and stable supply of inexpensive energy, and further achieves a radiant cooling effect in summer and a radiant heating effect in winter with improved energy consumption efficiency.

  It is an object to smoothly perform necessary energy transfer while maintaining heat insulation between two spaces separated by an airtight heat insulating layer. Specifically, the reverse performance of heat insulation and heat transfer is stopped by utilizing the function of moisture absorption and release and energy transfer associated with the phase change “liquefaction / vaporization” of H2O to shield solar heat energy. It is an object to provide a means to do this. It is another object of the present invention to increase the amount of energy transfer that can be used for heat insulation while suppressing an increase in moisture content accompanying moisture absorption.

In the airtight heat insulation layer of the high airtightness and high heat insulation house, solar heat energy acquired and stored on the roof and walls is absorbed by the phase change of liquefaction and vaporization of H2O using geothermal and radiative cooling as the energy source. In the form of latent heat, the heat is exhausted to the outside, and the indoor moisture is discharged to the outside by using the difference between the relative humidity inside and outside caused by solar thermal energy and the difference between the equilibrium moisture content and moisture content of the hermetic insulation layer. It is an object to improve indoor air environment by controlling “promoting / suppressing” the exchange of moisture and cold air with the airtight heat insulating layer.
Furthermore, through architectural ingenuity, the moisture transfer efficiency that exceeds the moisture conductivity, which is an attribute of heat insulation, is improved, and in response to the improvement of the efficiency of moisture absorption and cooling on the indoor side, dehumidification and It is an object to improve the efficiency of heat shielding.

  Even in cold regions, it is difficult to obtain solar heat on the roof surface due to snow in winter depending on the region. In addition, since the outside air temperature falls below the freezing point, there is a risk of icing when the moisture absorbing / releasing material absorbs moisture. When frozen, the structure of the heat insulating material may be destroyed as a previous problem as to whether or not the heat insulating performance can be achieved. While solving the above problems, we aim to improve heat insulation performance by ingenuity suitable for cold regions, and not to reduce the function of the dehumidification / heat insulation mechanism in summer.

The direction of moisture absorption and desorption that absorbs moisture indoors and releases moisture outdoors while implementing appropriate management of moisture content when using a heat-insulating material with moisture absorption and desorption properties on the airtight thermal insulation layer on the north side where solar thermal energy cannot be obtained. It is an object to be able to control the reverse flow of moisture absorption and release from the outside to the inside.
Furthermore, the indoor relative humidity can be kept low compared to the outdoor relative humidity. The problem is that it can be maintained.

Heat control / dehumidification effect and air conditioner while using cold energy supplied by air conditioner with high COP to control / promote the exchange of moisture / cold air as described in the previous section, and controlling electricity usage in the daytime mainly by midnight power In addition to the effect of reducing the heat of condensation generated by the heat island, the effect of suppressing the formation of heat islands is raised, and then the effect of sensible heat storage is linked to energy conversion to achieve a radiant cooling effect. Further, it is an object to stably realize a radiant cooling effect for 24 hours while reducing running costs by limiting to midnight power.
By using the cooling energy that accompanies the generation of thermal energy that can be used for 24 hour hot water supply for the supply of cold air indoors, the thermal energy generated and discarded during indoor cooling and dehumidification is reduced, It is an object to help to prevent the heat island.

  A suitable implementation of a roof insulation system (utilization of latent heat) requires sufficient cooling energy that can be absorbed by sufficient insulation and heat transfer. Moreover, in order to realize the effect, as shown in FIG. 2, it becomes a cost increase factor in terms of structure and energy use. Although the construction cost can be reduced by adopting a structurally simple means as shown in FIG. 1, the solar thermal energy leaking from the heat shielding system and passing through the heat insulating material increases, and the indoor cooling load also increases. Under such circumstances, by devising a combination of a heat shield system and a ventilation system, the solar heat energy that has passed through is efficiently discharged outside the building in the form of sensible heat while carrying out latent heat exhaust heat, It is an object to suppress an increase in daytime cooling load.只 The main purpose of ventilation is to take in fresh air and maintain the oxygen concentration in the room. This purpose is achieved efficiently, and in addition, cooperation with the heat storage system and cooperation with the heat insulation and dehumidification system of the wall are suitably implemented, and in addition to natural energy of geothermal and radiative cooling, midnight power is used. The indoor air environment (temperature, humidity, oxygen concentration, etc.) can be improved at low cost throughout winter and summer, and the heat of condensation generated during indoor dehumidification can be reduced to help reduce heat islands. Let it be an issue.

  In realizing a high-efficiency radiant cooling system that utilizes the dehumidifying and heat-insulating functions of the airtight heat insulating layer in summer, the challenge is to balance risk management with an eye toward efficient realization of the radiant heating effect expected in winter To do.

Energy-saving performance of air-conditioning equipment such as air conditioners is increasing, and accordingly, high energy-saving performance is required for houses. Highly airtight and highly insulated houses follow that trend.空調 If air conditioning equipment is used complementarily while effectively utilizing natural energy such as geothermal, radiant cooling, solar heat, etc., it does not necessarily lead to energy saving, and the cooling load and dehumidification load may increase. This leads to an increase in the generation of condensation heat, which leads to the promotion of heat island formation. Therefore, while effectively utilizing natural energy, it does not increase the cooling load or dehumidification load, does not lead to an increase in the generation of condensation heat, and can make use of air conditioning equipment such as air conditioners by pursuing architectural ingenuity to the maximum. Raise new challenges that can be pursued and practiced. Furthermore, it aims at the utilization of late-night power.
In order to solve the problem, we propose a new problem. It is an object to absorb moisture from a side with a low relative humidity, move (conduct) moisture to a side with a high relative humidity via a moisture absorbing / releasing material, and release the moisture. The reverse is also true, and it is an object to prevent reverse flow (intrusion) of moisture from the outdoor side having a high relative humidity to the indoor side having a low relative humidity.
The problem is to suppress the occurrence of condensation in the underfloor space where the relative humidity remains high due to the influence of geothermal heat and there is a high risk of condensation.
In order to achieve the task, it is an object to form a moisture discharge path by ventilation, a moisture discharge path using moisture absorption and release, and a discharge path using the dehumidification function of the air conditioner.

As means for solving the above problems, the present invention has the following configuration.
First, it is a heat insulating panel that is composed of a heat insulating material having moisture absorption and desorption properties, has structural strength, and constitutes a roof body shown in FIGS. 5 to 8 or a wall body shown in FIGS. , A three-layer structure in which a heat insulating material with a low ratio of moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change, a moisture-permeable windproof waterproof sheet, and a heat insulating material with a high ratio of moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change Insulation panel characterized by.

In the second configuration, a heat insulating material having a high ratio of moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change, a moisture-permeable windproof waterproof sheet, and a heat insulating material having a high ratio of moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change are stacked. The heat insulation panel according to claim 1, characterized by a combined three-layer structure.

The third configuration consists of the structural members of the foundation, foundation, columns, girders, and beams that structurally support the building shown in FIG. 1 and the roof body / wall body with the roof, outer wall, and heat insulation layer. -The heat insulation layer that constitutes the indoor space with the ceiling, has structural strength, and constitutes the wall body is a heat insulation layer made of a heat insulation material having moisture absorption / release properties or a heat insulation layer made of heat insulation material not having moisture absorption / release properties, or an absorption layer. A heat insulating layer that is composed of one type of heat insulating layer or a combination of a plurality of types of heat insulating layers in which a heat insulating material having moisture releasing properties and a heat insulating material not having moisture absorbing / releasing properties are superimposed, and constitutes a roof body. Is composed of heat-insulating material with moisture absorption and desorption, and has a building ventilation opening, roof ventilation layer, roof ventilation layer and outside ventilation layer, introduces outside air from outside the building, and discharges air circulated inside the building outside the building Provide ventilation means including ventilation The building has a waterproof property, is exposed to geothermal / radiant cooling energy, summer warm air, winter cold air, solar thermal energy solar radiation, and a moisture-permeable heat insulating layer is formed from the heat insulating panel according to claim 1. Constructed, using a heat insulating material having a low ratio of moisture absorption / release and phase change of H2O on the indoor side, and having moisture absorption / release properties on the outdoor side of the heat insulation layer, the relationship between moisture absorption / release and H2O The heat insulating layer composed of a heat insulating material having a high ratio has a three-layer structure of a heat insulating material having moisture absorption / release properties or a heat insulating material not having moisture absorption / release properties, a moisture-permeable windproof waterproof sheet, and a heat insulating material having moisture absorption / release properties. In the winter, the heat of condensation generated during liquefaction absorbs cold air from the outside at night, and among the heat insulation layer, the heat insulation layer with moisture absorption and desorption is heat insulation that mediates the phase change (liquefaction / vaporization) of H2O. Moisture absorption and cooling by the moisture absorption and release function of the material, vaporization and steaming at room temperature in the daytime in summer In addition, the heat insulation layer excluding the north side absorbs solar heat energy acquired by solar radiation, traps it in the form of latent heat called moisture, discharges it outdoors, and absorbs and releases moisture and H2O on the flooring. Using moisture absorption / release material that has a low ratio of coordination with phase change, absorbs moisture from the underfloor space, permeates the floor material, releases moisture to the indoor space, and releases moisture from the indoor space to the outside via the heat insulating layer. An eco house characterized by forming a discharge channel.

The ecological house according to claim 3, wherein the fourth configuration is that the moisture-permeable heat insulating layer is formed of the heat insulating panel according to claim 2.

The fifth configuration is
The eco-housing according to claim 3, wherein the moisture-permeable heat insulating layer is constituted by the heat insulating panel according to claim 1.

In the sixth configuration, the heat insulating layer facing the north side where solar thermal energy cannot be obtained by solar radiation is composed of a heat insulating material having a low ratio of coexistence between moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change, or a heat insulating material not having moisture absorption / release properties. The eco-housing according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein

The ecological house according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein in the seventh configuration, the heat insulating layer has an airtight performance.

The eighth configuration provides a blower fan and a communication port in the space, and is open to the outside air.
The eco-housing according to any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein the blower fan operates day and night.

In the ninth configuration shown in FIG. 1, the underfloor space and the inner ventilation layer communicate with each other to form an air flow path, and the inner ventilation layer and each living room communicate with each other via a communication port on the inner wall. And the living room are connected to each other by an exhaust communication pipe connected to an openable / closable intake port, and the outside of the building and the underfloor space are connected to each other by an air supply communication pipe. The exhaust communication pipe and the air supply communication pipe are It communicates with a heat exchange type ventilation fan equipped with an air blowing function, takes outside air into the underfloor space through the air supply communication pipe, and flows the air flowing into each room through the inner ventilation layer and the communication port in winter and summer. 9. Ventilation ventilation means for changing the air circulation in the room and exhausting the air outside the building through an exhaust communication pipe that connects warm air to the uppermost air inlet of the indoor atrium in the summer. The eco-housing according to any one of the items.

The tenth configuration is characterized in that when the outside air is taken in through the air supply communication pipe, the heat energy collected through the roof ventilation layer or the space under the roof ridge is also taken into the underfloor space. Eco-housing according to any of the items.

The eco-housing according to any one of claims 3 to 10, wherein the structure of the first pick-up is that an air conditioner with a dehumidifying function (HP air conditioner) is installed in the under-floor space and the indoor space.

The structure of the first picker is that the underfloor space of the building, the inner ventilation layer, and the ceiling space are communicated with each other inside and outside the building, with the airtight heat insulating layer surrounding the building shown in FIG. Either the ventilation layer or the space behind the ceiling and the indoor space are communicated by a communication port, the communication port can be opened and closed in summer and winter, from the indoor side of the building, the inner wall, the inner ventilation layer, the wall base material, the airtight insulation layer, It consists of an outer wall base material, an outer ventilation layer, and an outer wall, and communicates the space under the roof of the building with the roof ventilation layer and the outer ventilation layer, and the upper end of the space under the roof is always open to the outside air through the building ventilation port. The lower end of the ventilation layer is always open to the outside air, and is composed of the ceiling, the ceiling space, the ceiling foundation material, the airtight insulation layer, the roof foundation material, the space under the roof ridge, the roof ventilation layer, and the roof material from the indoor side of the building. The wall body has structural strength, and the airtight heat insulation layer that constitutes the wall body absorbs and releases moisture. One of a heat insulating layer comprising a heat insulating material comprising a heat insulating material comprising a heat insulating material comprising no heat absorbing / releasing properties or a heat insulating layer comprising a heat insulating material comprising moisture absorbing / releasing properties and a heat insulating material not comprising moisture absorbing / releasing properties. The airtight heat insulating layer, which is composed of a kind of heat insulating layer or a combination of a plurality of types of heat insulating layers and constitutes a roof body, is made of a heat insulating material having moisture absorption / release properties, and communicates the outside of the building and the indoor space for exhaust. Communicating with the outside of the building and the underfloor space with a communication pipe for air supply, the communication pipe for exhaust and the communication pipe for air supply communicate with a total heat exchange type exhaust fan having a blowing function, One end of the communication pipe is connected to each room including toilets, bathrooms and closets, exhausted outside the building, outside air is taken in through the air supply pipe, geothermal / radiant cooling energy, warm air in summer, cold air in winter , Solar thermal energy A building exposed to solar radiation, wherein the moisture-permeable airtight heat insulating layer is formed of the heat insulating panel according to claim 1 and has a low ratio of moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change on the indoor side. Among the airtight heat insulating layers, the heat insulating layer having moisture absorption / release properties on the outdoor side and composed of a heat insulating material having a high ratio of cooperation between moisture absorption / release and H2O is a heat insulation material or moisture absorption property having moisture absorption / release properties. It has a three-layer structure of a heat insulating material that does not have moisture release, a moisture-permeable windproof waterproof sheet, and a heat insulating material that has moisture absorption / release properties, and absorbs cold air from the outside due to condensation heat generated during liquefaction in winter, Among the airtight heat insulating layers, the airtight heat insulating layer of the north wall which cannot acquire solar thermal energy is a heat insulating material with a low ratio of moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change, or heat insulation without moisture absorption / release properties. Airtight heat insulating layer having moisture absorption / release properties among the above airtight heat insulating layers Absorbs and cools by the moisture absorbing and releasing function of the heat-insulating material that mediates the phase change (liquefaction / vaporization) of H2O, vaporizes and evaporates at room temperature during the daytime in summer, and discharges it to the outside. The airtight insulation layer excluding the body absorbs solar thermal energy acquired by solar radiation, confines it in the form of latent heat called moisture, discharges it outdoors, and also incorporates cold air whose temperature has been lowered by radiative cooling at night in the summer. Of the interior materials on the inner walls and ceilings, the moisture absorption and desorption material, which has a low ratio between the moisture absorption and release used and the phase change of H2O, absorbs moisture from the underfloor space, permeates the floor material, and releases it to the indoor space. An eco house characterized by dampening and forming a moisture discharge path that can be discharged from the interior space to the outside through the interior material, the ceiling space, the inner ventilation layer and the heat insulation layer.

The eco house according to claim 12, wherein the structure of the first introduction is such that the moisture-permeable airtight heat insulating layer is formed of the heat insulating panel according to claim 2.

The fourth structure is characterized in that the upper end of the roof ventilation layer is opened to the outside air through the space under the roof ridge connected to the blower facility composed of the blower fan and the communication pipe, and the ventilation hole under the roof ridge is closed. The eco house according to any one of claims 12 to 13.

15. The eco house according to claim 14, wherein the fifth fan is configured such that the blower fan operates only during summer daytime and does not operate after sunset.

The configuration of No. 6 is that an air conditioner with a dehumidifying function (HP type air conditioner) is used in a flow path constituted by the underfloor space, the inner ventilation layer, and the ceiling back space. 15. Eco house according to 15.

The structure of No. 7 is composed of the structural members of the foundation, foundation, pillars, girders and beams that structurally support the building shown in FIG. 3 and the roof / wall body with the roof / outer wall / insulation layer. The interior space is composed of floors and ceilings, structural strength is provided, building vents and roof ventilation layers and outer ventilation layers are provided, and inner ventilation layers are provided between interior materials and heat insulation layers of inner walls and ceilings.
The inner ventilation layer is formed as a ventilation layer independent of the roof ventilation layer and the outer ventilation layer through the heat insulation layer, and is opened to the outside air through the building ventilation opening and the second building ventilation opening (opening and closing type). It is open to the open air through a ventilation opening (opening and closing type), introduces the outside air from outside the building, and has ventilation means including ventilation that exhausts the air circulating inside the building to the outside of the building. For buildings exposed to warm air, cold in winter, and solar heat solar radiation, the moisture absorption and desorption materials used in the interior wall and ceiling interior materials that can receive radiant heat from the heat insulation layer are moisture absorption and desorption and H2O. Using a plate material with a high ratio of cooperation with phase change, and constructing wider than floor interior materials in terms of area, the floor interior material uses a plate material with a low ratio of cooperation between moisture absorption and release and H2O phase change, Internal ventilation from the underfloor space as a drain for moisture out of the building -Form a two-way exhaust path, the exhaust passage through the ceiling back space, the second building under the ventilation opening, and the inner ventilation layer from the under floor space through the indoor space, the ceiling back space, the exhaust passage through the second building under the ventilation opening. An eco house characterized by

The configuration of No. 8 is characterized in that the inner ventilation layer is directly opened to the outside air by the second ventilation fan and the second communication port in the vicinity of the second building lower ventilation port, and the second building lower ventilation port is closed. The eco-housing according to claim 17.

The eco house according to any one of claims 17 to 18, wherein the heat insulation layer has an airtight performance.

The construction of the No. 1 pick-up is that the interior material used for the inner wall and ceiling is a plate material with a low ratio of moisture absorption / release and phase change of H2O on the indoor side, and the relationship between moisture absorption / release and phase change of H2O as the interior base material. The eco-house according to any one of claims 17 to 19, characterized by using a plate material having a high ratio and stretching it.

21. The eco house according to any one of claims 17 to 20, wherein the second fan is configured such that the second blower fan operates in the daytime in summer and stops in the nighttime.

The configuration of the No. 1 picking up is an air conditioner with a dehumidifying function (HP type air conditioner) installed indoors, as a discharge path for moisture staying in the underfloor space, exhausted from the underfloor space through the indoor space by the air conditioner to the outside of the building The eco-house according to any one of claims 17 to 21, wherein a road is added to form three discharge paths.

23. The eco house according to claim 22, wherein the operation of the air conditioner with a dehumidifying function (HP air conditioner) is performed in a time zone in which midnight power can be used.

The wall base material is composed of structural materials such as pillars, foundations, girders, and studs. For the wall finishing material, use cedar board, siding board or plasterboard base with diatomaceous earth finish on both sides, and paper cloth etc. on the plasterboard base. Although it is not necessary to construct all the inner wall surfaces with moisture absorbing / releasing material, it is constructed over as much area as possible so that moisture can be exchanged between the room and the inner ventilation layer.
An airtight heat insulation layer arrange | positions a part of heat insulating material between pillars, and arrange | positions the remaining part on the outer side of a pillar, and uses the airtight tape for the joint of heat insulating materials to ensure airtightness. Distributing the heat insulating material to the positions inside and outside the column is suitable for supporting the load on the outer wall. Alternatively, it can be arranged only on the outside of the column as long as the heat insulating performance and the support of the weight of the outer wall can be achieved at the same time.
When the heat insulating material of the airtight heat insulating layer is made into two layers, the first heat insulating material is arranged between the pillars and the pillars, and the airtight tape is used to secure the airtightness between the heat insulating material and the pillars, foundations and girders. . In addition, the whole is surrounded by a moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet to improve airtightness. Finally, the second layer of insulation is placed outside the column. Further, the joint between the second layers of heat insulating materials is sealed with an airtight tape. The second-layer insulation serves to protect the first-layer airtight sheet from the heat and cold from the outside, and contributes to maintaining long-term performance by increasing durability.
Now, in the wooden frame construction method, dimensioning has been carried out by the penetrating method for a long time. Accordingly, boards for interior materials, boards for exterior materials, heat insulating materials, etc. are processed and cut in units of 910 mm at the time of factory shipment. And by adopting the dimensioning, it is possible to minimize labor and material loss during construction at individual construction sites.
By the way, as shown in FIG. 9, the two-layer heat insulating material of the wall body has different dimensions at the time of construction. Therefore, even if a meter module is adopted for the dimension between the pillars or a 910 mm module of the shank method is adopted, it cannot be used during construction unless it is cut and processed on site.
When cutting and processing, synthetic resin board-like heat insulating material can be made relatively easy on site. On the other hand, calcium silicate-based board-like insulation is relatively difficult to handle at the time of cutting and processing on site. Along with this, material loss and labor loss also increase. It becomes an obstacle in pursuing construction efficiency.
Now, the dimension between adjacent pillars shown in FIG. Then, if the corner of the pillar is cut out by 15 mm, and both edges of the heat insulating material are fitted and pasted into the notched portion between the pillars, the dimension will be 910 mm, and the factory will be shipped by the 910 mm module of the shank method The used materials can be used and constructed as they are without being processed on site. And the heat insulating material stuck on the outer side of a pillar can be used as it is, without processing the material shipped to the factory by the meter module on the spot. Accordingly, the number of work processes is reduced on site, and the construction efficiency is improved. By the way, there are two types of board sizes, 1000 × 2000 and 910 × 1820.
The airtight heat insulating layer separating the ceiling back space and the roof ventilation layer or the shed space can be suitably implemented by forming a three-layer structure with a moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet sandwiched between the two layers of the heat insulating material.
The outer wall base material is composed of a rim body edge, and an outer ventilation layer is constituted by an airtight heat insulating layer and an outer wall.

The ceiling base material is composed of structural materials such as girders and rafters, and the ceiling back space is constituted by the ceiling material and the airtight heat insulating layer. The ceiling material according to claims 12 to 16 uses a natural material such as a paulownia board having moisture absorption / release properties on both sides or a material having similar moisture absorption / release properties. Although it is not necessary to construct all ceiling surfaces with moisture absorbing / releasing material, it will be constructed over as much area as possible so that moisture can be exchanged between the room and the ceiling space.
When suitable management of the dehumidifying load depends on the function of the heat insulating layer constituted by the heat insulating panel, the interior material used for the inner wall and ceiling is not restricted as described in the paragraph 0126. Specifically, from the viewpoint of moisture content management and dehumidification load management, the part that uses the interior material that does not have moisture absorption / release characteristics in Item 0126 has moisture absorption / release characteristics, and the phase change of moisture absorption / release and H2O. Interior materials with a low ratio of cooperation may be used. It should be noted that the interior material with a low ratio between the moisture absorption / release and the phase change of H2O has the conventional relative humidity, moisture content, and equilibrium moisture content for controlling the direction of moisture absorption / release and the direction of moisture conduction. Can be implemented by technology.
As the flooring material, a flooring material having a low ratio of cooperation between moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change is used. Specifically, it is a solid plate material such as cedar thick plate material / wooden material, or a laminated material such as plywood, and it is advantageous from the standpoint of resistance to heavy objects that a thickness of 25 to 30 mm is secured.

  The heat loss coefficient (Q value) that combines the performance of these building materials exceeds the standards for next-generation energy-saving houses. Furthermore, the gap equivalent area (C value) is less than 1.0.

Specific materials, configurations, and the like representing the functions and characteristics of the heat insulating material used for the heat insulating panel according to claims 1 to 2 and the heat insulating layer / airtight heat insulating layer according to claims 3 to 16 are shown below.
A: Heat insulation material with moisture absorption / release function -1 Single or double layer structure of calcium silicate main component (Humilite etc.)-2 Double layer structure of insulation board + moisture-permeable airtight heat insulation board-3 Cellulose fiber + Permeability Two-layer structure B of wet airtight heat insulation board: heat insulation material without moisture absorption / release function + heat insulation material with moisture absorption / release function -1 plastic heat insulation material + two-layer structure of insulation board C: moisture absorption / release function Insulating material that does not include -1 Plastic-based heat insulating material + Two-layer structure of plastic-based heat insulating material As long as they have equivalent performance, they are not limited to the above materials.

Next, examples of suitable combinations of heat insulating materials by region, regional climatic characteristics, and purpose will be described.
Wall (north side) Wall (others) Ceiling (I) C CA
(B) C B A
(C) C A A
(2) A A A

A: Among the heat insulating materials having moisture absorption / release functions, they are classified into two types according to the difference in function.
X: heat insulating material capable of absorbing both gaseous H2O and liquid H2O
Representative examples: Main component of calcium silicate (humilite, etc.), earth wall material Y: heat insulating material that can absorb only gaseous H2O
Representative example Cedar solid board As a moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet, tyvek (trade name) made of ultrafine polyethylene fiber having a different function is widely used, although moisture is permeated but waterproof. Moreover, a moisture-permeable windproof waterproof sheet (trade name, Tyvek / House Wrap) having a heat-shielding function that reflects sensible heat is also sold and used. If this is used, the penetration of thermal energy at the sheet will be blocked, and the supply of kinetic energy necessary for vaporization will be affected (decreased). Therefore, if the heat shielding property is utilized, vaporization / moisture release can be controlled, and the direction of moisture movement can be controlled therefrom. This represents an effect in efficiently managing the dehumidifying load. On the other hand, when using a moisture-permeable windproof waterproof sheet with low heat-shielding performance for a three-layer insulation panel with a moisture-absorbing / releasing material that has a high ratio of moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change, It is possible to promote the creation of heat conductivity contrary to the above, and to obtain a function that can lead to suitable management of the dehumidifying load.
Among the above combinations, when the airtight heat insulating layer is formed into a laminated three-layer structure by using a moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet, the heat insulating material A is selected from three types of superpositions of X + X, X + Y, and Y + Y. Moreover, six types of laminated structures are possible depending on whether or not a heat-insulating function is required for the moisture-permeable and wind-proof waterproof sheet. ８ Eight types of laminated structures are possible, taking into account indoors and outdoors. In addition, it is not limited to said representative example, If it has the equivalent performance, various heat insulating materials and a moisture-permeable windproof waterproof sheet can be used.
It is important to consider local climatic conditions when choosing. The superposition of X + X contributes to increasing the efficiency of heat insulation and dehumidification in summer, because the efficiency of moisture absorption / cooling from the inside and outside can be increased by the property of the heat insulating material.只 Under the climatic conditions below the freezing point in winter, if X is used, there is a possibility of passing through condensation and freezing. On the downside, there is concern about the effect of H2O expansion during freezing. Durability may be hindered during repeated freezing and thawing. Therefore, if the superposition of X on the indoor side and Y on the outdoor side is adopted, the mutual advantages can be utilized and the disadvantages can be reduced.
The cellulose fiber described in A-3 is generally known as a heat insulating material that hardly causes liquefaction in a moisture-absorbed state. Therefore, in a normal use example, it is included in a heat insulating material having Y characteristics. It is unclear whether it has X or Y characteristics because it has hydrophilic properties. Note that earthen walls that have been used in buildings for a long time can be handled as materials having X characteristics. However, although it is difficult to use alone, it is difficult to improve the heat insulation performance by taking advantage of it, and the latent heat type heat storage performance can be utilized.

The heat insulation performance expressed by the heat transmissibility is related to the transfer of thermal energy from the warm space to the cold space, and is important for constructing countermeasures against the cold in winter, and is useful for expressing the heat insulation performance numerically. It is.
Now, in terms of constructing countermeasures for summer heat, it is not uniform compared to the contribution of winter. It comes from the amount of solar thermal energy that is acquired during the summer. Specifically, even if the heat insulation performance expressed by the heat transmissivity is high, a part of the heat insulation performance is not reflected, heat is not transferred, and the heat stays in the heat insulating material. The amount of solar thermal energy acquired by solar radiation in the summer is enormous, and even if some of it stays in the heat insulating material, the effect is great. Specifically, the heat energy accumulated and accumulated in the heat insulating material affects the indoor thermal environment in the form of radiant heat energy. The effect of so-called radiant heat differs compared to convective heat energy. The effect of radiant heat from heat insulation continues even after sunset of the sun, which is the heat source, and even if cooling energy is supplied in the form of convection heat energy by an air conditioner, it is intended for heat insulation that is difficult to transfer heat, so the cooling effect It takes time to get out. In other words, even if the heat insulation performance is high, the generation of radiant heat energy cannot be prevented, so that the influence on the indoor thermal environment continues even after sunset.
After all, in the construction of summer heat countermeasures, even if it depends only on the heat insulation performance represented by the heat return rate, it can not secure the performance required in the summer, so it has means to absorb or reflect solar thermal energy There is a need. In other words, it is a method of heat insulation by absorbing and reflecting solar thermal energy to suppress the generation and influence of radiant thermal energy. Hereinafter, this method is referred to as heat insulation.

In the conventional technology, whether the heat insulating material having moisture absorption / release properties is used for the heat insulation layer or the heat insulation material not having moisture absorption / release properties is used, it is determined how efficiently the solar thermal energy acquired by solar radiation is efficiently exhausted. It is an issue. It is also exhaust heat in the form of sensible heat.
In contrast, the exhaust heat in the form of sensible heat is not denied, but conversely, solar thermal energy is utilized as part of the action. Similarly, with respect to the dew condensation that occurs on the wall or the like, it has conventionally been regarded as a major problem to be prevented. Here, conversely, condensation is utilized as part of the action. Moreover, while this condensation and latent heat exhaust heat are independent of each other, the complementary cooperation of the two spaces separated by the airtight heat insulating layer, as well as moisture absorption and desorption at normal temperature and normal pressure, and H2O The idea of the present invention is unique in that it is linked to the phase change, the intersection of the two linkages, and the opportunity to find the contradiction between heat insulation and heat transfer. Furthermore, the energy transfer by the conventional phase change has attracted attention for the change from liquid H2O to gaseous H2O at room temperature and the use of heat of vaporization. Here, we can go further, acquire kinetic energy from solar thermal energy as radiant thermal energy, use it as phase change (vaporization) energy, and confine solar thermal energy in the form of latent heat called moisture. It is epoch-making in that it can be controlled (promoted) depending on the possibility, and can be connected to indoor humidity control through liquefaction on the indoor side.
Now, in order to supply the cooling energy which absorbs the solar thermal energy acquired by solar radiation from the indoor through an airtight heat insulation layer, heat insulation must be ensured for the heat insulating material.只 The heat conductivity is contrary to and inconsistent with the thermal insulation required in winter. This invention blocks solar thermal energy by heat insulation performance required in winter, absorbs solar thermal energy by heat transfer performance, lifts the contradictory functions of heat insulation and heat transfer, and enhances the heat shield function. .
Complementary cooperation between two spaces separated by an airtight thermal insulation layer is indispensable for utilizing solar thermal energy as part of the action. Furthermore, if the direction of moisture transfer and the direction of energy transfer that occur in the hermetic heat insulating layer cannot be controlled, a suitable temperature and humidity cannot be realized, and if they are reversed, energy loss is caused. Specifically, even if the indoor humidity is removed, moisture intrudes from the outside through an airtight heat insulating layer, which causes a significant improvement in indoor humidity. In winter, the indoor air is heated while the outdoor air is attracted, resulting in energy loss.
To summarize the control (promotion and suppression) of complementary cooperation on moisture transfer,
“Complementary cooperation that promotes moisture absorption and release that mediates phase change in the intended direction” is provided with cooling energy on the indoor side, promotes moisture absorption by increasing relative humidity and promoting phase change (liquefaction), and on the outdoor side. Solar thermal energy acquired by solar radiation and fan operation, moisture release (relative to equilibrium moisture content, supply of kinetic energy) and relative humidity reduction, phase change (vaporization) promotion, and moisture release by suppressing atmospheric pressure rise or inducing atmospheric pressure drop ( The relationship between the atmospheric pressure and the boiling point is promoted, and the pressure of H2O movement in the hermetic heat insulating layer is directed and maintained. It is to be noted that the heat absorption and release function and the phase change of H2O produce heat transfer that is contrary to heat insulation, so that solar thermal energy can be absorbed in the form of latent heat called moisture and discharged outside the building.
The “complementary cooperation that suppresses the direction not intended to absorb and release moisture that mediates phase change” is maintained by supplying cooling energy on the indoor side and stopping the fan on the outdoor side.
Now, the energy used for cooling is called cold energy, and the words cold storage, cooling, and cold are used. The energy used for heating is called warm energy, and the terms heat storage, warming and warming are used. Note that heat storage means both heat storage and cold storage, and heat dissipation means both warming and cooling.

Now, cooling energy is supplied from the indoor side to the airtight heat insulating layer through the flow path of the inner ventilation layer / ceiling space. The cooling energy is used to control the liquefaction and moisture absorption of H2O on the indoor side, and the solar thermal energy is used to control the evaporation and moisture release of H2O on the outdoor side. And the heat transfer property in an airtight heat insulation layer is ensured by cooperation with moisture absorption / release and energy transfer accompanying the phase change of H2O. Due to its thermal conductivity, the cooling energy supplied indoors can be transferred through the airtight insulation layer, and then used to absorb solar thermal energy on the outdoor side. Furthermore, the problem of efficient exhaust heat of solar thermal energy is addressed by a novel means for exhausting heat in the form of latent heat of moisture.
By the way, as can be seen from the above, the direction of energy heat transfer and the direction of moisture absorption / release due to the indoor supply of cooling energy are promoted in the same direction together with the solar radiation acquisition of solar heat outdoors. Therefore, the cooperation between the energy transfer associated with the phase change of H 2 O and the moisture absorption / release function is suitably maintained, and the energy transfer in the airtight heat insulating layer utilizing the moisture absorption / release becomes possible.

The heat insulating material having moisture absorption / release properties can be divided into two according to the characteristics of moisture absorption. One absorbs in the H2O liquid state and can also be absorbed in the moisture state. One is not able to absorb in the H2O liquid state, but can be absorbed in the H2O vaporized state. The former example is a heat insulating material mainly composed of calcium silicate. An example of the latter is cedar board, which is a typical natural material.
When referring to the relationship with latent heat storage, which is energy transfer, in the former example, it can be absorbed in the H2O liquid state, so if the efficiency of cold air absorption is increased immediately before moisture absorption and saturation is reached, liquefaction is promoted, Absorbed in a liquid state. It is an example of latent heat cold storage. Moreover, the relationship between the relative humidity in the air and the moisture content of the material affects the moisture absorption / release in the moisture state. That is, if the temperature in the air is lowered, the relative humidity increases and a deviation from the equilibrium moisture content occurs, and moisture absorption is promoted accordingly. On the other hand, if the temperature in the air rises, the relative humidity decreases, causing a deviation from the equilibrium moisture content, and the moisture release is promoted accordingly. When a phase change called liquefaction occurs during this moisture absorption / release process, heat of condensation is also generated. By absorbing this heat of condensation, latent heat can be stored. In latent heat storage, cooling energy is input to liquefy moisture, and phase change is accompanied.
As shown in the former example, the use of a heat insulating material made of a material that can be absorbed even in a liquid state of H2O is suitable for using the two types of latent heat storage means for cooling energy transfer.
Now, in general, the boiling point of H2O is 100 ° C. under 1 atm. If the efficiency of kinetic energy absorption is increased by the inclusion of a porous substance, vaporization, which is a phase change from a liquid to a gas, occurs at a room temperature of about 30 ° C. under 1 atm. Specifically, when 1 liter of 30 ° C. water vaporizes, it takes 588 kilocalories from the surroundings. This is the cooling energy of the heat of vaporization.
Expressing this from the perspective of moisture absorption and desorption, it is moisture desorption with phase change. The heat insulating material having moisture absorption / release properties that mediates the phase change of H2O, combined with the two types of latent heat storage means, generates liquid water and condensation heat by liquefaction and generates water vapor ( Moisture) and heat of vaporization. However, when the moisture absorption / release rate is accompanied by a phase change, the moisture release rate is inferior to moisture absorption. Therefore, the moisture content stays high without solar radiation acquisition. So solar heat is indispensable for moisture content management.
In the case of moisture release without phase change, the moisture state is maintained and released as it is. Usually, this is part of the moisture release due to changes in relative humidity. Even when the phase changes, if the required amount of kinetic energy is supplied inside the heat insulating material to cause vaporization, the surface of the moisture absorbing / releasing material can be dehumidified according to the change in relative humidity.
Note that, as described above, even when solar radiation cannot be obtained at 1 atm and 30 ° C., the cooling energy can be used by the phase change (vaporization) of H 2 O through the moisture absorbing / releasing material. In the meantime, a cooling effect appears around under the influence of the heat of vaporization, and if the temperature drops, the phase change will not continue as it is. On the other hand, if solar heat energy can be obtained by solar radiation, kinetic energy can be directly and continuously supplied to the airtight heat insulating layer due to the effect of radiant heat energy. So the phase change persists. Considering the presence or absence of such effects, the specifications for the airtight heat insulation layer on the north side will be changed.

Insulate and absorb heat and exhaust heat in areas isolated by indoor cooling energy supply while ensuring heat transfer means by linking moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change Can be controlled.
By the way, when two types of moisture absorption are promoted, the moisture content in the heat insulating material increases. Further, in order to maintain the pressure for moving the hermetic heat insulating layer, the moisture content on the indoor side has to remain high.只 If the moisture content is too high, it may cause harmful effects. Therefore, in order to maintain the heat transfer property contrary to the heat insulating property while avoiding an increase in the water content as much as possible, it is important to maintain a high ratio of the moisture absorption / release and the phase change of H2O. In order to maintain a high “cooperation ratio”, it is important to suppress moisture absorption without phase change, which is an important issue. First, cooling energy can be efficiently supplied and absorbed during moisture absorption. And promote liquefaction. Therefore, a heat insulating material that can absorb liquid H 2 O and does not cause condensation is used. Furthermore, if the liquid is liquefied by absorbing cooling energy after absorbing moisture, the cooperation ratio increases.
Now, if the airtightness is enhanced among the airtightness and heat insulating properties constituting the isolation, it is possible to prevent the intrusion of moisture into the room. This leads to a reduction in the amount of moisture to be absorbed, and represents an effect of increasing the “cooperation ratio” between moisture absorption / release and H 2 O phase change with respect to the cooling energy supply. Therefore, the latent heat cold storage means can be effectively used while considering the suppression of the moisture content increase. In the calculation of the moisture content, the ratio of gaseous / liquid H 2 O retained by the moisture absorbing / releasing material is not taken into consideration, and it is calculated by the weight ratio of retained H 2 O.

Now, even if moisture absorption is promoted by the difference between the relative humidity and the equilibrium moisture content and the moisture content is increased, it does not immediately lead to the promotion of phase change (liquefaction) in the heat insulating material. The promotion of liquefaction depends on the promotion of absorption of cooling energy capable of treating the heat of condensation generated with liquefaction. However, the heat insulating material has a low ability to conduct cooling energy inside due to its heat insulating property. That is, liquefaction is slow as the conduction of cooling energy is slow. Even if latent heat storage is attempted, the efficiency is not good. Then, even if the supply of cooling energy is increased, it is difficult to promote cooling. Therefore, it is a challenge to achieve efficient latent heat storage.
If we understand the above in relation to the process of latent heat storage, using a heat insulating material with the characteristic of absorbing H2O liquefied on the surface of the airtight heat insulating layer will absorb the heat of condensation when absorbing moisture in the air. -It contributes to maintaining a high "cooperation ratio" between moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change by promoting liquefaction and sucking / absorbing liquid H2O. Therefore, even when the moisture content in the daytime is reduced, the cooling energy can be absorbed and retained, the efficient energy transfer can be continued, and the heat shielding and dehumidifying effect can be maintained. It should be noted that the reason why latent heat storage does not cause a decrease in ambient temperature compared to sensible heat storage is that cooling energy is used to absorb condensation heat.
Now, the heat insulating material capable of absorbing and sucking liquid H2O retains a porous character on the surface. Moreover, there are many continuous voids in relation to moisture conductivity. Therefore, the energy can be transferred along with the smooth movement of H2O. However, when the continuity of the voids in the heat insulating material increases, a problem arises in airtightness. Specifically, when comparing the summer season when the amount of water containing water H2O is high and the time when the amount of water containing liquid H2O is low, there is a difference in airtightness as well as energy conductivity. . The source of the difference is in the voids in the insulation. In addition, the moisture conductivity is higher as the heat insulating material that maintains the continuity of the voids. If the moisture conductivity is high, it is difficult to maintain airtightness, and it becomes difficult to control moisture intrusion. In that sense, the movement of moisture depends on the moisture conductivity, which is an attribute of the heat insulating material, and there is a limit to the attempt to improve its efficiency.
Therefore, it is required to improve the efficiency of moisture transfer in the combination of materials and elements other than materials. Alternatively, the problem is solved by combining heat insulating materials having different moisture conductivity.

If the power of a blower fan is borrowed there, the water content will be significantly reduced on the outdoor side of the daytime insulation. It becomes the pressure of the movement of H2O, which further promotes the penetration of the previous voids, and at the same time promotes further vaporization of H2O through a decrease in the atmospheric pressure in the voids. That is, the pressure of H2O movement accompanied by solar thermal energy absorption can be created and maintained by a synergistic effect with moisture penetration, which is the result of the increase in atmospheric pressure caused by the phase change of H2O. By utilizing the pressure of this H 2 O movement, the efficiency of energy transfer and solar thermal energy absorption (heat insulation) can be improved. Further, the vaporization of H 2 O can be further promoted in the voids as the pressure of the pressure inside the heat insulating material is urged by the movement of moisture.
Specifically, it uses the function of a blower fan that promotes exhaust heat and moisture exhaust through the outer ventilation layer and the roof ventilation layer. In other words, if the blower fan is operated even after sunset, it will encourage moisture absorption and cooling from the outside. To stop it, it stops after sunset. By stopping the absorption of moisture from the outside, the pressure of H2O movement created and maintained can be maintained even after sunset. In addition, it promotes other types of action in conjunction with the supply of a large amount of cooling energy through the air conditioner in the inner ventilation layer and ceiling space. In other words, if liquid H2O can be absorbed by the heat insulating material, the absorption of moisture is accompanied by the absorption of moisture during liquefaction. Since the ratio of the relationship between moisture absorption and H2O phase change is high, the improvement in the efficiency of H2O movement in the heat insulating material directly leads to the improvement of the moisture absorption / cooling efficiency from the inside, and the dehumidification efficiency regardless of the moisture content. To increase.
After all, by using the blower fan, in terms of moisture content management, the cooperation between moisture absorption and H2O phase change is enhanced, solar radiation acquisition of solar heat energy is used, etc. It efficiently absorbs the cooling energy supplied in large quantities from indoors and leads to efficient energy transfer while enhancing the effect of heat insulation and dehumidification to solve the problem. Taking advantage of the cooling energy generation and supply capacity of the air conditioner, it can be said that the combination of the constituent elements is remarkable in order to leap the heat transfer performance of the insulation. By this combination, outstanding effects and extraordinary effects can be achieved.

Focus on the problem (pointing out the problem)
Using a dehumidifier, the moisture absorption capacity of the moisture absorbent material is forcibly restored, and the humidity of the indoor space is determined in a manner that depends on the moisture absorption capacity of the moisture absorbent material during the daytime when the dehumidifier is not operating. Whether or not the attempt to fall within the range is successful must correctly recognize the characteristics of each moisture absorbent material, and then appropriately cope with the liquefaction phenomenon that can occur in the moisture absorbent material.
However, in reality, as pointed out in the background section (0027), the liquefaction phenomenon that occurs in the moisture absorption / release material is not correctly recognized, and the moisture absorption / release material that easily causes the liquefaction phenomenon can be selected without selection. An example to use is shown. I would like to exemplify what kind of result it will cause, that is, what kind of situation can occur when using a moisture absorbing / releasing material that easily causes liquefaction.
It is well known that the technical level of moisture absorption is accompanied by liquefaction. As one example, when the humidity of an indoor space is adjusted by paying attention to the moisture absorbing / releasing function of the moisture absorbing / releasing material, the room temperature tends to be ignored. This leads to a posture in which only the moisture absorption and desorption phenomenon is taken out, the liquefaction phenomenon that can occur there is ignored, and the generation of condensation heat is also ignored.
The phenomenon described in the case is not fully recognized, and no measures have been taken to deal with it. For example,
1: Select and use a material with a low (weak) ratio of cooperation between moisture absorption and H2O phase change. In addition, the necessary amount of moisture absorption and release is secured.
2: Prepare an environment that can be realized in the range where the moisture absorbing / releasing material requires its function.
B: Suppresses the supply of cold air.
B: Leading to energy transfer by vaporization and moisture release using solar thermal energy,
There has been no contrivance such as adding ingenuity to restore the original moisture absorption capacity.
Specifically, the relationship between the relative humidity of wood and the equilibrium moisture content is approximately 11% for 60% relative humidity and approximately 15% for 75%. Therefore, if liquefaction does not proceed in the moisture absorbing / releasing material, the moisture content of the moisture absorbing / releasing material having a moisture content of 15% is reduced to around 11% in an environment having a relative humidity of 60%. However, as liquefaction progresses and the ratio of moisture absorption to H2O phase change increases, the equilibrium moisture content with respect to 60% relative humidity rises to around 15%, and the moisture content under an environment with a relative humidity of 60% It will not drop from 15%. That is, the moisture absorption capacity of the moisture absorbing / releasing material cannot be recovered due to the influence of the progress of liquefaction. As a result, the moisture absorbing / releasing material having a moisture content of 15% can absorb moisture only in an environment having a relative humidity of approximately 85% or more.
In other words, considering the above example, moisture can be released from the moisture absorbing / releasing material under an environment where the relative humidity is less than 60%, and the moisture absorbing / releasing material can be absorbed under an environment where the relative humidity is 85% or more. Eventually, under the environment where the relative humidity is in the range of 60% to 85%, the function of the moisture absorbing / releasing material cannot obtain the function and effect on the moisture absorbing surface. The above example is based on the premise that latent heat storage can proceed. In reality, when wood is selected as the moisture absorbing / releasing material, the absorption of cold air does not proceed efficiently, and it is difficult to increase the ratio of cooperation between moisture absorption and liquefaction. So it is a numerical example to clarify the problem.

In this technical level, the problem is to reduce the difference between the equilibrium moisture content at the time of moisture absorption and the equilibrium moisture content at the time of moisture release. However, it cannot be conceived to adjust the indoor humidity to 70%, which is a standard for comfort. So I can't imagine presenting it as an issue.
In this case, in order to be able to adjust the humidity to 70%, it is necessary to use a moisture absorbing / releasing material having a low ratio between the moisture absorption and the phase change of H2O, and further suppress the supply of cold air that absorbs the heat of condensation generated by liquefaction. There is. In other words, it is necessary to suppress the action of latent heat storage.
The phenomenon caused by supplying cold air containing cold energy necessary to absorb the heat of condensation generated along with the liquefaction generated inside the moisture absorbing / releasing material is a form of latent heat storage in terms of operation.
In summer, a comfortable thermal environment cannot be maintained just by dehumidifying the room. Air conditioning is also required. If the supply of cold energy is increased by cooling, not only will the rate of moisture absorption accompanying liquefaction increase, but the amount of latent heat cold storage will also increase. In terms of moisture release, it means that moisture release without phase change is reduced. So, unless it is also the acquisition of solar energy by solar radiation, vaporization and moisture release will not function sufficiently and the moisture content will not decrease.
Eventually, the equilibrium moisture content itself as a characteristic of the object is greatly influenced by the ratio of the previous cooperation or the environment used, and goes up and down. Therefore, even if the humidity in the room is sufficiently lowered by improving the function of the dehumidifier, moisture cannot be released from the moisture absorbing / releasing material, and the moisture content does not drop to the required level. Therefore, it is not possible to release moisture at night until it is sufficient to restore moisture absorption capacity during the daytime.
For the above reasons, the dehumidifying device must be operated during the daytime to secure 70%, which is considered to be comfortable. However, if the airtight performance is improved and the moisture absorbing / releasing material is replaced with an appropriate material, it is possible to maintain the daytime humidity at 70% or less without dehumidifying only during nighttime dehumidification.
By the way, whether or not moisture absorption and desorption is accompanied by liquefaction / vaporization or how to utilize liquefaction / vaporization is important, but is not the core of the problem here. In essence, the idea is to control in the form of promoting / suppressing liquefaction / vaporization and how to apply the control means to achieve results. Specifically, it is preferable to manage moisture content, to control humidity, and to control energy transfer (in the form of stopping heat insulation and heat transfer, which are contradictory, and amplifying or suppressing the created heat transfer function. Control) and control of H2O movement without energy transfer and control of the direction of moisture absorption / desorption that does not depend on the difference in relative humidity between indoor and outdoor. That is the core of the novelty of the issue.

In cold regions, the drop in the outside air temperature during the summer is remarkable, and the days around 20 ° C continue. The temperature difference between day and night exceeds 10 degrees, and the use of radiant cooling energy at night can be expected.
On the other hand, in warm regions, the decrease in outside temperature during the summertime is slow, and tropical nights exceeding 25 ° C continue every day. In that case, the use of radiant cooling at night cannot be expected. On the contrary, if the pressure increase in the outer ventilation layer and the roof ventilation layer can be controlled even at night, it is possible to continue the evaporation and moisture release to the outdoors.
Moisture absorption / release materials (including heat insulating materials) with a low ratio of moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change are not purely moisture absorption / release without liquefaction / vaporization.・ It is accompanied by vaporization.只 It has not led to a high water content. As an example, cedar is widely used as a structural material. Although it is also used for the position facing the north side, just because solar heat energy cannot be obtained by solar radiation does not mean that the moisture content of structural materials such as cedar is immediately high.
As mentioned earlier, tropical nights continue in warm regions, and vaporization and moisture release from the airtight heat insulating layer continues regardless of day or night. Therefore, in the airtight thermal insulation layer on the north side where solar thermal energy cannot be obtained by solar radiation, even if moisture absorption / cooling is continued from the inside as long as it is within the range of its vaporization / moisture release capacity, it is a cause of high moisture content. It will not be.
Compared to operating the air conditioner in the flow path of the space behind the ceiling and under the floor, there is also a balance with the comfortable temperature for living, and when the air conditioner is installed indoors, the room temperature cannot be lowered greatly.
In warm regions, if moisture absorption / release material with a low ratio of moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change is used inside the airtight heat insulation layer on the north side, and cooling energy is supplied from the air conditioner in the indoor space, the temperature of the indoor space Falls and becomes lower than the outside temperature. In this case, the relative humidity is higher on the indoor side than on the outdoor side, and the direction of moisture absorption and desorption that absorbs moisture from the indoor side and releases moisture to the outdoor side is maintained.
Furthermore, if liquefaction progresses by moisture absorption / cooling on the indoor side, a difference occurs between the equilibrium moisture content at the time of moisture absorption and the equilibrium moisture content at the time of moisture release, and moisture release to the indoor side is prevented accordingly. The direction of moisture absorption and desorption that absorbs moisture from the indoor side and releases to the outdoor side is further maintained.
In other words, solar heat energy solar radiation is not necessarily required for the movement of H2O, so it can absorb moisture from the indoor side and release it to the outdoor side, regardless of the east, west, north and south, even if the sun is not exposed to the sun in warm conditions. The direction of moisture absorption and desorption can be maintained.
By the way, in order to prevent the heat insulation performance in winter and the generation of energy loss due to the movement of H2O, the heat insulating material having moisture absorption / release properties is divided into two layers, and a moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet is stretched between them, and airtight insulation It is desirable to configure the layers in a three-layer structure. However, the breathable windproof tarpaulin may work in the opposite direction to the winter in the summer. This is due to the following circumstances.
The northern air-tight insulation layer cannot acquire solar heat. Therefore, the ability to vaporize and release moisture from the airtight insulation layer on the north side is affected by the outdoor pressure and temperature. In general, the outdoor temperature in the daytime in summer exceeds 30 ° C regardless of whether it is warm or cold, and vaporization and moisture release through the airtight heat insulation layer on the north side can occur. However, as described above, the movement of the liquefied H2O from the indoor side to the outdoor side is prevented by the interposition of the moisture-permeable windproof waterproof sheet. Therefore, vaporization and moisture release on the outdoor side do not continue, and the function of reducing the moisture content in the airtight heat insulating layer does not work in this aspect.
Now, even if it is difficult to move liquefied H 2 O, gaseous H 2 O (humidity) moves. Therefore, if a heat insulating material having a low ratio of moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change is used on the indoor side of the hermetic heat insulating layer, moisture is absorbed from the indoor side and released to the outdoor side while performing appropriate moisture content control. This contributes to preventing the reversal phenomenon of moisture absorption / release from the outdoor side to the indoor side while maintaining the direction of moisture absorption / release.
Cedar wood and the like used for the structural material has moisture absorption / release properties, but there is no problem in water content management even when used in a warm and humid area. Therefore, an indication of a low level of the ratio of the relationship between moisture absorption and release and H2O phase change is expressed in cedar wood and the like.

Now, when generating and supplying cooling energy using an air conditioner, the effects of indoor dehumidification and daytime solar thermal insulation are manifested as follows.
When a heat insulating material having a low cooperation ratio between moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change is used on the indoor side of the north airtight heat insulating layer, even a material having a low cooperation ratio does not cause liquefaction. Therefore, a difference occurs between the equilibrium moisture content at the time of moisture absorption and the equilibrium moisture content at the time of moisture release by the amount of liquefaction. That is the factor that can maintain the direction of moisture absorption and release. Furthermore, as described above, when the air-tight heat insulating layer has a three-layer structure using a moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet, even if it absorbs H2O liquefied by moisture absorption and cooling on the indoor side, movement to the outdoor side is prevented. It is not vaporized or released from the outdoor side. In addition, since gaseous H2O can be dehumidified to the outdoor side, if the moisture content increases, it is dehumidified to the outdoors in relation to the outdoor relative humidity. This is the reason why the water content is managed appropriately.
The ratio of gaseous H2O tends to be low and the ratio of liquid H2O tends to be high on the indoor side with the moisture-permeable windproof waterproof sheet in the airtight heat insulating layer as a boundary. Thus, the divergence between the equilibrium moisture content at the time of moisture absorption from the indoor side and the equilibrium moisture content at the time of moisture release further increases. Therefore, the airtight heat insulation layer on the east and west surfaces excluding the north surface is a decrease in the moisture content due to solar solar radiation during the daytime, and moisture absorption from the indoors is promoted at night, and the indoor humidity is reduced. Then, due to the expansion of the previous deviation, moisture release to the indoor side is suppressed, and backflow of moisture from the outdoor side to the indoor side is prevented. As a result, indoor humidity can be suitably maintained. In addition to the above factors, the following factors are also added in warm regions.
The moisture absorption and desorption of the moisture absorbent material is mainly defined by the relationship with the surrounding relative humidity. Now, in warm regions, the nighttime outside air temperature continues to be a tropical night exceeding 25 ° C. So we have to rely on the cooling function of the air conditioner. If the cooling energy is generated and supplied, the indoor temperature decreases, and the indoor relative humidity increases according to the temperature decrease. As a result, the direction of moisture absorption and desorption that absorbs moisture from the indoor side and releases it to the outdoor side through the airtight heat insulating layer is maintained.
The merit of absorbing the cooling energy generated and supplied by the air conditioner in the airtight heat insulating layer is the indoor dehumidification effect seen above, that is, dehumidification obtained by storing the heat latently using midnight power at night It is a daytime heat insulation effect obtained through an airtight heat insulation layer other than the north side, as represented by the effect. In extreme terms, cooling energy can be generated and supplied in the process of storing hot water energy at night, and the indoor dehumidification and heat shielding effect can be obtained by using the cooling energy.
By the way, among the heat insulating materials having moisture absorption / release properties, heat insulating materials made of wool or cellulose fiber as a raw material are sold with a complaint that they do not liquefy even when moisture is absorbed.只 Depending on the method of use, liquefaction will not occur after absorbing moisture, but liquefaction is less likely to occur under normal usage. Therefore, a divergence hardly occurs between the equilibrium moisture content at the time of moisture absorption and the equilibrium moisture content at the time of moisture release, and it is necessary to devise to control the direction of moisture absorption / release indoors and outdoors using this divergence. In addition, it is necessary to devise in order to ensure the airtight performance.

Generation | occurrence | production of the liquefaction (energy transfer) phenomenon accompanying moisture absorption can be suppressed, and the production | generation of condensation heat can be suppressed. Therefore, the moisture absorption ability can be sufficiently recovered by moisture release without vaporization by a normal method. As a result, the difference between the equilibrium moisture content at the time of moisture absorption and the equilibrium moisture content at the time of moisture release can be minimized, and moisture absorption / release can be repeated every day under the conventional equilibrium moisture content. Further, the moisture absorbing / releasing material can enjoy only the effect of adjusting the humidity in the room accompanying pure moisture absorption without energy transfer.
The moisture absorbing / releasing material suppresses the occurrence of the liquefaction phenomenon, so that the moisture absorbing / releasing moisture can be repeatedly reacted in response to the seasonal relative humidity fluctuation. As a result, the indoor humidity can be suppressed to less than 70% during the rainy season and summer when the outdoor humidity exceeds 80% without relying on a dehumidifier.
By dehumidifying with a dehumidifier that uses midnight power at night to lower the relative humidity in the room, moisture can be released from the moisture-absorbing and releasing material without energy transfer due to vaporization, and the moisture content of the moisture-absorbing and releasing material can be reduced. I can do it. Accordingly, the moisture absorption capacity of the moisture absorbing / releasing material can be recovered.
By dehumidifying with a dehumidifier using midnight power at night and efficiently lowering the relative humidity in the room, moisture is released from the moisture absorbent material without temperature change, and the moisture content of the moisture absorbent material is efficiently reduced. I can do it. Accordingly, it is possible to efficiently recover the moisture absorption capacity of the moisture absorbing / releasing material.
In the daytime, it is possible to prevent moisture from entering through the gaps between buildings without operating the dehumidifier. Moreover, the moisture absorption and desorption material can be used to efficiently remove indoor moisture without causing temperature rise (energy transfer) due to condensation heat generation. Can be absorbed and the humidity in the vicinity of 60% can be maintained, and the effect is unpredictable from the technical level.
Also, without relying on a dehumidifier, the indoor humidity can be kept below 70% during the rainy season and summer when the outdoor humidity exceeds 80%.
We have to rely on air conditioning during the heat of summer, but if the moisture absorption function of the moisture absorbing / releasing material does not work during the day due to the effect of latent heat storage due to cooling at night, solar radiation is acquired. By implementing a heat-shielding means using solar thermal energy, a method of discharging indoor moisture to the outdoors can be added to increase the indoor dehumidifying effect and heat-shielding effect.
If an air conditioner is used as a means for supplying convective heat energy, it is possible to make maximum use of COP6 and equipment with very high energy consumption efficiency. Moreover, even if it is used only during the midnight power hours, the heat storage body, soil concrete, and underground can be used as a heat storage layer, so the amount of energy required for daytime cooling and heating must be sufficiently stored and stored. I can do it.
Throughout the year, geothermal with stable temperature can be used throughout the year 2M below the surface. In the summer, it can be utilized as an auxiliary means of energy supply for cooling through heat conduction to the foundation soil concrete and the heat storage body at an underground temperature of around 18 ° C. The effect of reducing midnight power consumption can be obtained.
In the winter, heat loss due to heat radiation through the ground at a temperature of about 16 ° C. is small, and the ground can be used as an efficient heat storage layer.
In addition to functioning as a huge heat storage layer / cold storage layer, it enables efficient heating / cooling according to temperature changes in the underfloor space using energy transfer accompanying the phase change of the heat storage material in the heat storage body. Qualitatively and quantitatively, 24 hours of stable supply is possible as energy for heating and cooling.

While taking into account the suppression of the moisture content increase of the north side insulation that cannot evaporate and dehumidify by solar radiation acquisition of solar heat, the insulation absorbs moisture inside the room and increases the dehumidification effect by discharging it outdoors. Heat absorption effect can be improved by absorbing and cooling moisture at the outdoor side in the nighttime due to absorption of radiative cooling, and by vaporizing and releasing moisture at room temperature in the daytime, and by absorbing solar thermal energy acquired by solar radiation. .
Vaporization and moisture release are promoted regardless of solar radiation acquisition of solar thermal energy, and moisture absorption and release materials enhance the dehumidification effect by absorbing moisture in the room while keeping in mind the suppression of the moisture content increase of all insulation materials. Increase the heat-shielding effect by absorbing the solar heat energy acquired by solar radiation by improving the efficiency of moisture absorption / cooling at the outside during nighttime with absorption promotion of radiation cooling at the outside, and evaporating and dehumidifying at room temperature in the daytime. I can do it.
Energy can be supplied in response to temperature changes in the underfloor space by utilizing the energy transfer function accompanying the phase change of the heat storage body from a huge heat storage layer composed of underground, soil concrete and heat storage body, A stable energy supply can be continued for 24 hours into the room via the circulation means.
In winter, it is possible to make the most of natural energy by effectively using warm energy from air conditioners that use geothermal, solar and midnight power as a source of energy supply.
By configuring the airtight heat insulation layer in three layers, the dehumidification and heat shielding effect can be improved in the summer, and in winter, the heat loss caused by the vaporization and release of the cold air due to the latent heat storage from the outside is prevented. I can do it. By adding simple ideas, it is possible to realize a comfortable thermal environment at low cost not only in summer but also in winter.
In summer, it is possible to make the best use of natural energy by effectively using the cold energy generated by air conditioners that use geothermal, radiative cooling, and midnight power as a source of energy supply.
By continuously supplying cool air from the indoor side and efficiently absorbing and absorbing moisture, it is possible to efficiently store latent heat in the airtight thermal insulation layer at night, and the humidity control effect at night and heat insulation during the day The effect can be obtained. Since cold air can be continuously supplied indoors during the daytime, vaporization and dehumidification into the room can be avoided, and the release of moisture from the indoor direction to the outdoor direction can be induced and maintained, and an indoor humidity adjustment effect can be obtained. Moreover, it can be obtained while taking into consideration the appropriate moisture content management of the chassis. It is possible to obtain a heat island suppression effect by releasing moisture from the indoor to the outdoor and reducing the dehumidification burden by the air conditioner. Furthermore, it is possible to obtain a comfortable humidity and temperature environment at low cost.

1A: Although it does not have the function of lowering the moisture content by solar radiation acquisition of solar heat energy, by removing in advance the harmful effects caused by the increased moisture content of the north wall insulation, paving the way to utilize liquefaction = dew condensation as an action It can lead to the suitable management of the moisture content of the other heat insulating material required above.
B: It leads to prevention of dew condensation caused by cold in winter. Prevents deterioration of thermal insulation performance and increase of heat loss in winter.
C: A synergistic effect of reducing the heat loss in winter caused by the circulation of warm air in the circulation channel by changing the channel in summer and winter can be obtained.
2A: By combining with the means for providing the effect 1 described above, the evaporation and release of H2O from the heat insulating material is promoted by solar radiation acquisition during the daytime, and excessively due to the pressure difference generated in the heat insulating material throughout the daytime and nighttime. Without requiring an increase in moisture content, an appropriate pressure is generated for the movement of H2O from the indoor side to the outdoor side, and moisture absorption / cooling from the indoor side can be promoted by utilizing the difference in moisture content that occurs there.
B: The rate of cooperation between moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change can be increased, leading to efficient cold storage and efficient energy transfer.
3A: In the winter, the nighttime heat insulation performance surface of the heat insulating material used for the airtight heat insulation layer realizes a heat insulation performance equal to or greater than the value represented by the thermal conductivity.
B: In a cold region, it is possible to avoid heat loss (due to reverse transfer of cooling energy from the outside to the inside using the phase change of H2O) through circulation in the warm air flow path, which is a concern in winter. In addition, the dehumidification / heat shield system can be used from warm to cold regions without increasing heat loss.
C: In cold districts, use the temperature difference between daytime and nighttime in summer to store the nighttime radiant cooling energy in the heat insulating material by phase change, and use it as the energy source for cooling during the daytime. The effect can be obtained.
4: In summer, a circulation channel suitable for supply of cold air and moisture is secured, and in winter the heat loss is reduced by changing the channel.
Humidity control and radiant cooling by dehumidification and heat shielding functions in summer, and radiant heating by sensible heat storage in winter.
The outer ventilation layer in winter is used as a heat insulation air layer to improve the heat insulation performance of the entire wall and reduce heat loss from the airtight heat insulation layer. Contributes to the realization of radiant heating.
5A: It is possible to promote latent heat storage, that is, absorption of heat, which is an energy source for heat insulation, without increasing the moisture content of the heat insulating material constituting the airtight heat insulating layer. The liquefied H 2 O becomes a wall for moisture permeation in the gap, and contributes to improving the efficiency of H 2 O movement due to an increase in atmospheric pressure during vaporization and maintaining the direction from indoor to outdoor.
B: In addition, it is possible to suitably perform water content management that suppresses the water content of other parts of the casing excluding the heat insulating material.
6A: In the daytime, the ventilation fan is operated to promote moisture release to the outside in the airtight heat insulating layer, and from the indoor side to the outdoor side in the heat insulating material due to the synergistic effect with the pressure generated by the vaporization and expansion of liquid H2O The H2O transfer pressure increases, and the efficiency of dehumidification indoors can be improved in combination with the high efficiency of moisture absorption and cooling of the heat insulating material.
Stop the blower fan at night to suppress moisture absorption and cooling from the outside. The amount that can be suppressed is replenished by moisture absorption and cooling from the inside, and the effect of dehumidification from the inside is increased accordingly.
In both daytime and nighttime, it creates and maintains the pressure of H2O movement from the indoor side to the outdoor side, exceeding the moisture conductivity of the material (heat insulating material), promoting moisture absorption through the inner ventilation layer and ceiling space By promoting the recovery of moisture content, the efficiency of moisture absorption and cooling on the indoor side can be improved while suppressing the increase in moisture content, and the efficiency of dehumidification indoors can be improved.
B: Not limited to the summer season, it is possible to remove the volatile chemical substances floating in the indoor air by promoting the absorption of indoor moisture and utilizing the function of the mechanism for discharging to the outdoors. Since the efficiency of moisture transfer can be maintained even at a low water content, it is not always necessary to maintain the indoor relative humidity high. Therefore, the function of indoor air purification can be used during periods of low humidity other than summer.

7A: When operating the air conditioner, it is possible to use the outside air at night when the temperature is reduced by radiant cooling, and to supply cooling energy necessary for heat insulation during the daytime to the circulation channel with low energy consumption by using late-night power, resulting in energy saving effect .
B: Through the continuous supply of cold air to the circulation channel, it is possible to suitably ensure the transfer of cooling energy using the phase change of H 2 O even in the case of a low water content.
C: By supplying cooling energy from the daytime air conditioner, the direction of moisture absorption / release during the daytime can be controlled, and the indoor dehumidifying effect can be obtained over 24 hours.
D: Despite the low moisture content of the hermetic insulation layer, maintaining a high ratio of moisture absorption and H2O liquefaction, in addition to the above effects and the effects of 5-6, Therefore, the moisture content management and latent heat storage of the opposite body are suitably performed, and furthermore, the efficient cooling capacity and the efficient energy transfer capacity suitable for the improvement of the cooling energy supply capacity are obtained, and their synergistic effects are obtained. As a result, a further heat shielding effect, dehumidifying effect and heat island suppression effect can be obtained.
And according to the degree to which the dependence on the dehumidifying function of the air conditioner is reduced, the heat of condensation released from the air conditioner during dehumidification can be reduced. In addition, this reduction is secured by latently absorbing solar thermal energy with the cooling energy generated and supplied by the air conditioner. In other words, it reduces the amount of new heat generated by condensation heat, and also reduces the amount of solar heat released as sensible heat outside the building. An indoor environment can be realized.

8A: Cooling energy storage means using midnight power can be dispersed in the heat storage layer composed of the frame and the heat storage body / foundation concrete / underground, and absorbs moisture from the frame (woody structural material, heat insulating material, etc.)・ Reduces adverse effects associated with the burden of cooling (propagation of molds, decaying fungi, etc., reduced insulation performance). In addition, the use of inexpensive fibrous insulation is widened.
B: Even if only midnight power is used in combination of an air conditioner and a heat storage body having high energy consumption efficiency, stable and inexpensive cooling energy can be supplied directly to the circulation channel in the form of convection heat for 24 hours. Similarly, heating energy can be continuously supplied throughout the day and supplied to the circulation channel directly in the form of convection heat at a low cost. Furthermore, an energy saving effect can be obtained.
C: While only midnight power is used as a cooling energy source, the direction of moisture absorption during the day can be controlled through continuous supply of cold air for 24 hours, and the indoor dehumidification effect can be enhanced for 24 hours at low cost.
D: Through continuous supply of cold air, it is possible to suitably ensure the transfer of cooling energy using the phase change of H 2 O even in the case of a low water content. Furthermore, it is possible to improve the efficiency of movement of H2O, which is in contradiction with the ratio of cooperation, and enhance the indoor dehumidifying effect.
E: When storing heat in a heat storage body, it is possible to use nighttime outside air whose temperature has dropped due to radiative cooling in the cold region, and air conditioning that provides cooling energy necessary for daytime cooling, dehumidification, and heat insulation with less energy consumption exceeding the COP value. Can be supplied to the circulation flow path, and as a result, further energy saving effects can be obtained from both the performance of the equipment and the environment in which it is used. Further, cooling energy is constantly supplied from the ground through the heat storage layer, and furthermore, heat is radiated and supplied at a suitable temperature by utilizing the characteristics of the heat storage material. In that respect, the energy saving effect is great.
F: With the convective heat energy available at the time of melting the heat storage material, the cold air at 23 ° C. is too low to directly touch the human skin, especially at night. In the process of circulating through the circulation channel, it is cooled and stored in the housing and supplies air conditioning energy that is friendly to human skin as an energy source for radiation cooling.
The release of energy using the phase change in the temperature range limited to 21 ° C to 23 ° C is absorbed by the sensible heat transfer with the enclosure in the circulation flow path, radiant heating in winter and radiant cooling in summer Are realized stably and preferably for 24 hours using inexpensive energy while achieving both heat insulation / dehumidification effect in summer and energy loss mitigation effect in winter. In addition, through further effective utilization of the fusion of geothermal, radiative cooling, and late-night power, it is possible to obtain a further heat-saving effect by further reducing energy costs, lowering energy costs, and appropriately controlling moisture content.
9: Solar heat energy that permeates the heat insulation layer of the roof is effectively discharged latently and sensiblely outside the building by devising a combination of a heat shield system and a ventilation system to suppress an increase in daytime cooling load I can do it. Moreover, while efficiently fulfilling the purpose of ventilation, in addition to geothermal and radiative cooling, it is possible to use midnight power more efficiently, reducing the indoor environment (temperature, humidity, oxygen concentration, etc.) throughout the year at low cost ( Building cost and running cost).
In the airtight heat insulation layer on the east and west side, solar radiation acquisition of solar thermal energy is converted to moisture absorption from the indoor side, and the direction of moisture absorption and release to vaporize and release to the outdoor side is ensured. Without relying on vaporization and moisture release, it is possible to maintain the direction of moisture absorption and release by absorbing moisture from the indoor side and releasing it to the outdoor side. As a result, a dehumidifying effect can be realized.
In winter, we take advantage of the closeness of hermetic houses to improve the heating effect and pursue energy savings, and in summer, to maximize the architectural ingenuity that makes use of the openness of ventilated houses, It is possible to construct a system that avoids the increase of cooling load / dehumidification load and the promotion of heat island while effectively utilizing natural energy to save human energy.
Moisture is absorbed from the low relative humidity side, and moisture can be transferred (conducted) to the high relative humidity side through the moisture absorbing / releasing material to release moisture. The reverse is also true, and it is possible to prevent the reverse flow (intrusion) of moisture from the outdoor side where the relative humidity is high to the indoor side where the relative humidity is low.
By forming two discharge paths as moisture discharge paths outside the building in the underfloor space and improving the discharge efficiency, the occurrence of condensation in the underfloor space can be suppressed.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1, 2, and 3 are schematic cross-sectional views showing an embodiment of the present invention. 4 is an oblique sectional view of the wall of the building shown in FIG. 1 or 2 or FIG. FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a roof body / wall body. FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the roof body. FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the roof body. FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the roof body. 9 to 12 are schematic cross-sectional views of the wall body. FIG. 13 is a schematic sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.
In these figures, 1 is a ridge ventilation opening, 2 is a roof, 3 is a roof ventilation layer, 4 is a base plate, 5 is a rafter, 6 is a rafter receptacle, 7 is a heat insulating material A, 8 is an airtight heat insulating layer, and 9 is an outside. Ventilation layer, 10 is an airtight material, 11 is a foundation, 12 is a girder, 13 is a pillar, 14 is a base, 15 is an inner wall, 16 is a cedar plank, 17 is a fruit, 18 is a heat insulating material B, 19 is a torso, 20 is a communication pipe 21 is a trunk edge, 22 is an outer wall, 23 is a base ceiling, 24 is a joint hardware, 25 is a joint hardware, 26 is an air inlet, 27 is a heat exchange type ventilation fan, 28 is a moisture permeable windproof tarpaulin, 29 is an inner ventilation layer, 30 is a floor, 31 is an underfloor space, 32 is 1000MM, 33 is 15MM, 34 is 910MM, 35 is a notch, 36 is underground, 37 is a ceiling space, 38 is a ventilator under the ridge 39 is a space under the roof ridge, 40 is a communication port under the ridge, 41 is a sending fan, 42 is a communication pipe for air supply, and 43 is the first A communication pipe under the building, 44 is an underfloor ventilation port, 45 is a heat storage body, 46 is a communication port under the second building, 47 is a second blower fan, 48 is an air conditioner, 49 is an indoor space, 50 is a ceiling, 51 is an exhaust communication The pipe, 52 is the foundation soil concrete, 53 shows the shed space.

Cooling and dehumidification are indispensable under the warm and humid climate of summer, especially in an era of warming.只 As described in the background art, when cooling and dehumidification are compared, the burden on dehumidification is greater than that on cooling in terms of both energy consumption and environmental impact. From there, it becomes socially meaningful and useful to reduce the burden of dehumidification.
The novel place of this invention exists in the place which grasps | ascertains the characteristic of the moisture absorption / release material which also serves as a heat insulating material, selects and uses it. The standard of the selection is whether the ratio with liquefaction is high or low at the time of moisture absorption. That is, a moisture absorbing / releasing material having a low ratio is used. A typical example is a cedar board.
A cedar board, a paulownia board, etc. are used for the indoor side of the airtight heat insulation layer shown in FIG. On the outside, use a heat insulating material that does not have moisture absorption / release characteristics such as synthetic resin or a heat insulating material with a high coordination ratio between moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change. Insert the sheet. With only a few contrivances, the difference between the equilibrium moisture content at the time of moisture absorption and the equilibrium moisture content at the time of moisture release can be kept small, and the indoor humidity can be adjusted by the moisture absorption / release moisture of the moisture absorbent / release material. In addition, it is related with the presence or absence of a latent heat insulation function by the characteristic of the heat insulating material arrange | positioned on the outer side of the heat insulation layer which consists of two layers, and is concerned with the presence or absence of the dehumidification function linked with a heat insulation function. The following is a description of specific actions and effects when there is no dehumidifying function linked to the heat shielding function.
The moisture absorption / release function of structural materials, finishing materials, and heat insulating materials is based on short-term cycles that are affected by changes in temperature and relative humidity within the day, and only in summer when the humidity is high. Even long-term cycles of moisture content increase / decrease throughout the four seasons, which absorb moisture and dehumidify only during low humidity periods in winter.
Looking at the day in the summer, at night, the walls are mostly moisturized and the moisture content increases indoors. In the daytime, as the room temperature rises, the relative humidity decreases, so the walls are released.只 If we compare the amount of moisture absorption and the amount of moisture release, the amount of moisture absorption is large. This is also true from long-term fluctuations throughout the seasons.
More specifically, the amount of moisture absorption is greater than the amount of moisture released from the rainy season to the summer, and the accumulation of H2O on the wall and roof increases. This is because the equilibrium moisture content of the wall and the like increases as the relative humidity increases. In addition, the equilibrium moisture content of the wall and the like also rises and falls according to the change of the relative humidity within the day. If the equilibrium moisture content increases, the difference from the moisture content increases, and the pressure for absorbing moisture increases accordingly.
In addition, by maintaining the airtightness of the building at a C value of 0.5 or less, the indoor humidity control function using seasonal fluctuations of the moisture absorbing and releasing materials is improved, and even when no dehumidifier is used, it can be used throughout the rainy season and summer. It is possible to maintain a humidity around 70%, which is generally considered a comfortable humidity.

Outside the wall / roof body, the outer wall reaches a temperature of 60 ° C. to 70 ° C. due to solar radiation in the daytime in summer. Therefore, the relative humidity in the outer ventilation layer and the roof ventilation layer falls extremely. Correspondingly, the pressure for releasing moisture is increased. And the wall comprised from a porous building material receives supply of the kinetic energy required for the evaporation of H2O by the solar radiation acquisition of the daytime. As a result, the H2O stored at night easily evaporates and dehumidifies from the porous building material and evaporates. If a moisture absorbing / releasing material is added to the outer wall material, this cooling effect is increased, and there is an effect of preventing heat accumulation in the airtight heat insulating layer.
Going further, we will adjust the humidity in the room using socially surplus midnight power. I mentioned earlier that the technology is already provided as an idea.只 In order to maintain the indoor humidity at 70%, which is considered to be comfortable, the dehumidifier must be operated frequently during the daytime. It is a stage. However, in the present invention, the humidity in the daytime in summer can be suppressed to 80% (in the case of improving the airtight performance), without using a dehumidifier. From this, it can be said that the effect of daytime moisture absorption of the moisture absorbing / releasing material is hardly functioning in the previous idea.
Now, in order to maintain a comfortable humidity of 60%, the dehumidifier is operated only during the time when midnight power can be used. If the set humidity is secured at 50%, the indoor relative humidity naturally decreases. As a result, moisture is released from the moisture absorbing / releasing material, but moisture is released to the vicinity of an equilibrium water content of 9% relative humidity. In the day, it is about 2 to 3 mm from the surface that moves due to moisture absorption and desorption.
The moisture absorbing / releasing material having a reduced moisture content during the night can turn around in the daytime to absorb moisture in the indoor space. Therefore, the humidity of the indoor space can be maintained at 60% without operating the dehumidifier during the day.
In order to improve the humidity control efficiency of the indoor space, it is essential to improve the airtight performance. If the airtight performance is improved, moisture leakage is reduced, and humidity control using a dehumidifying device or a moisture absorbing / releasing material is more effective. As a result, even if the dehumidifying device is not operated during the daytime, it is possible to maintain a surprising humidity of around 60%.
If the airtight heat insulation layer of the south roof is composed only of a heat-absorbing material with moisture absorption and desorption, and if a roof ventilation layer is provided on the roof, the energy stored by solar radiation acquisition in the daytime in the summer will be outdoor. It becomes a means for discharging to the outside, and a means for absorbing radiant cooling from outside at night. Moreover, if liquefaction occurs due to the absorption of cold air from the inside and the absorption of cold air from the outside, it leads to exhaust heat that changes the sensible heat through solar radiation acquisition of solar heat energy in the daytime into the form of latent heat called moisture. It not only produces a heat shielding effect due to the latent heat of sensible heat, but also can adjust the humidity of the indoor space by performing dehumidification indoors through moisture absorption from the indoors. In other words, even if the indoor space is cooled at night, the effect of liquefaction due to the supply of cold air (divergence between the equilibrium moisture content during moisture absorption and the equilibrium moisture content during moisture release) can be vaporized and released through absorption of solar thermal energy during the day. It leads to suppression by moisture (due to latent heat of sensible heat). In addition, the popular HP air conditioner also functions as a cooling function when the dehumidifying function is operated, and cold air is generated and supplied.

Hereinafter, in addition to the actions and effects of the preceding paragraph, explanations of specific actions and effects in the case of having a dehumidifying function linked to the heat shielding function and actions and effects for improving heat insulation performance will be added.
The heat insulating material has a heat insulating performance specific to the substance, which is expressed by a numerical value called a heat reflux rate. By simple contrivance, the heat insulation performance of the heat insulating material can be improved, and the numerical value of the heat reflux rate inherently can be improved. The simple idea is based on the method of superposing the same type or different types of heat insulating materials.
Heat-insulating materials with moisture absorption and desorption properties are highly useful because they have the property of absorbing and releasing moisture, but the experimentally detected values of the heat reflux rate are generally low and the manufacturing cost may be high. In terms of cost effectiveness, there is a strong sense of value. If the heat reflux rate can be improved with a simple device, the cost-effectiveness of utilizing the characteristics will be improved, the price obstacle will be reduced, and the road will be opened.
Specifically, a moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet is stacked so as to be sandwiched between two heat insulating boards to form a three-layer structure. It ’s just that. Although gaseous H2O permeates the moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet, liquid H2O does not permeate. Depending on whether or not the liquid H2O permeates, there is a difference in the mode of energy conduction.
The heat insulation performance expressed by the heat reflux rate relates to the transfer of thermal energy from a warm space to a cold space.
Now, it is assumed that the A surface is in contact with a cold space and the B surface is in contact with a warm space. Since it has moisture absorption / release properties, if cooling and moisture absorption occur simultaneously on the A surface, condensation heat and liquid H2O are generated by liquefaction. If vaporization occurs due to the thermal energy absorbed on the B surface, the heat of vaporization cancels out the previous heat of condensation, and the heat insulation performance remains the same as the original value.只 If the supply of thermal energy is continued on side B, vaporization and moisture release will be further promoted, which not only leads to a decrease in the heat reflux rate, but also increases the actual heat loss, and in particular aims to realize a radiant heating effect. The case is likely to be affected. This is an example in the case where the creation of heat transfer that contradicts heat insulation cannot be suppressed.
Now, liquid H2O does not permeate | transmit a moisture-permeable windproof waterproof sheet. Therefore, there is a difference in the transfer of thermal energy with the moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet as a boundary. When solar radiation acquisition of solar thermal energy can be obtained from the A surface, the liquid H2O on the B surface side is affected as radiant energy and vaporization occurs. This represents a mode of creation of heat transfer that is contrary to the heat insulation in summer. By the way, in the actual environment where heat energy is supplied to the heat insulating material, in the winter season, solar heat energy is acquired by solar radiation on the A side on the outdoor side or the thermal energy of heating is absorbed on the B side on the indoor side. It is either. In the former, the solar heat energy is absorbed on the same side of the A side as the side that holds the liquefied H2O by absorbing the cold and vaporizes and dehumidifies, so the function of the moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet is also added. Does not conduct. In the latter, since the heating temperature is about 20 degrees, if the liquid H2O moves to the B side, it is vaporized and dehumidified. However, the liquid H2O on the A side is prevented from moving to the B side with the moisture-permeable windproof waterproof sheet as a boundary. At least the B side has heat insulating performance, so it is considered extremely rare to conduct warm air to the boundary to vaporize and dehumidify. Therefore, the expansion of heat loss can be prevented. This is an example of suppressing the creation of heat transfer that is contrary to heat insulation. When used in an actual house, the former and the latter are combined. That is, the amount of cool air that is absorbed by the A-side at night can be offset by solar thermal energy acquired by solar radiation on the A-side in the daytime, so that the cool air does not reach the B-side and the heat reflux rate is improved.
In the winter season, the moisture absorption / release material used has an improvement in its heat reflux rate depending on whether the attribute of the B surface placed on the indoor side is high or low in the ratio of coordination between moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change. There is no difference in degree. However, if the indoor and outdoor arrangements are reversed and the B-side is arranged on the outdoor side, the heat insulation panel of claim 1 has a low ratio of cooperation between moisture absorption and desorption and H2O phase change, and the cold air absorbed at night is It takes the form of sensible heat and penetrates indoors. In addition, the amount of solar thermal energy obtained by solar radiation in the roof ventilation layer and outer ventilation layer during the daytime is less than the absorption in the form of latent heat, and the emission amount in the form of sensible heat. There are many. Therefore, the effect of improving the heat reflux rate utilizing solar thermal energy is not great. In other words, the difference is large.
By the way, the difference appears in summer. In summer, energy transfer occurs due to the creation of heat transfer that is contrary to heat insulation even if cold air is supplied from the inside on the B side. In reality, the radiation cooling energy is absorbed on the A surface at night, and solar thermal energy is acquired by the solar radiation in the daytime to be vaporized and released. Therefore, solar energy can be absorbed during the day according to the amount of latent heat stored at night. In other words, it affects the size of the heat insulation capability during the daytime and the size of the indoor dehumidifying effect at night. Therefore, both of the heat insulation panels according to claims 1 and 2 have a large heat shielding ability.
The heat insulation panel according to claim 1 has a low latent heat storage capacity from the B surface, and the dehumidification capacity linked to heat insulation is not high. There is little need to transmit solar heat energy from the A side beyond the moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet, and if a moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet with high heat insulation performance is selected, the sensible heat is reflected on the sheet surface and the sensible heat on the B surface Transmission is further reduced. It can contribute to increasing the efficiency of blocking sensible heat and making sensible heat latent. On the other hand, the heat insulation panel according to claim 2 has a high capability of latent heat cold storage from the B surface, and accordingly has a high dehumidification capability in conjunction with heat shielding. The ability of dehumidification and heat insulation is high, so it is optimal when a large amount of cold air can be generated and supplied using an air conditioner. In order to promote the creation of heat transfer that is contrary to heat insulation, it is highly necessary to transmit solar thermal energy from the A side beyond the moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet, and it is obvious when a moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet with low heat shielding performance is selected. Heat permeates the sheet surface and contributes to vaporization of liquid H 2 O. In addition, various elements are entangled in which direction vaporized H2O permeates. It is important to improve the efficiency of conduction beyond the inherent moisture conductivity of the substance. Retrospectively, the idea affects the environmental maintenance in which vaporization occurs due to a decrease in atmospheric pressure.
The embodiment of claim 4 is an example of latent heat storage that absorbs moisture and cools indoors. If solar thermal energy is acquired by solar radiation from the outside, it is vaporized and dehumidified from the outdoor side of the seat. If this phase change progresses, it directly acts on H2O on the indoor side of the sheet in the form of radiant heat to promote vaporization. At that time, most of the H 2 O is dehumidified to the outdoor side due to the pressure due to vaporization expansion and the pressure drop in the outer ventilation layer due to the action of the blower fan. In addition, if the supply of cool air from the indoor is continued during this period, the direction of moisture movement is maintained as it is.
The supply of cool air depends on the cool air generated by geothermal, radiant cooling and air conditioning.
When the cool air generated by using the air conditioner is not used as heat shielding energy, it is carried out according to the embodiment of claim 3. However, since the indoor dehumidifying load cannot be reduced, it must depend on the dehumidifying capacity of the air conditioner. As a result, the amount of heat generated and released increases. However, as described in the previous paragraphs 0078-79 and 0089, it can lead to a suitable implementation of a dehumidification system using midnight power.
Moisture absorption and cooling are promoted on the outdoor side, and the heat insulating layer can hold liquefied H2O. The liquefied H2O functions to block moisture conduction, and the sheet blocks liquefied H2O conduction. Therefore, while the liquefied H 2 O is held, the backflow of moisture can be prevented regardless of the relative humidity level inside and outside the heat insulating layer.
In order to promote the use of cool air by ventilation, an outer ventilation layer and a roof ventilation layer are provided, and moisture absorption / cooling is promoted to the heat insulation layer that has a high ratio of coordination between moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change. Plan. In summer, the energy stored in the latent heat at night can be used as heat insulation energy during the daytime.
By using the blower fan, the air flow rate in the outer ventilation layer and the roof ventilation layer can be increased. It encourages the supply of cold and moisture from radiant cooling at night. Since the efficiency of latent heat cold storage can be increased, the energy source for heat insulation that can be used in the daytime is also increased. Since the effect can be aimed at, the blower fan operates day and night. However, if a large amount of cold air can be generated and supplied from the indoor using an air conditioner, it is also effective to stop the blower fan at night and increase the efficiency of movement of liquefied H2O from the indoor. In that case, the indoor dehumidifying effect is enhanced. See paragraphs 0076-77.
In the embodiment of claim 3, the energy of nighttime radiative cooling is encouraged in the form of latent heat storage for outdoor use but not indoors. This is noticeable when the air conditioner is used indoors. That is, latent heat storage using the cooling energy generated by the air conditioner is not promoted, and as a result, energy transfer is not promoted, and moisture transfer can be separated from energy transfer.
When solid board such as cedar board is used for inner wall material as moisture absorbing / releasing material with a low ratio of moisture absorption / release and phase change of H2O, humidity adjustment using air conditioner combined with moisture absorption / release function of ceiling and inner wall is suitable Can be implemented. Specifically, when operating an air conditioner using midnight power to cool or dehumidify a room, not only can it be efficiently dehumidified while preventing the reverse flow of moisture, but it can also be used without being dehumidified by an air conditioner in the daytime. The material can absorb moisture and dehumidify from the room, and the relative humidity in the room can be kept at 60% or less. In other words, daytime humidity control using midnight power can be implemented as a system.
In carrying out the heat shielding function, it is possible to expect a dehumidifying effect that absorbs moisture from the inside and exhausts it to the outside through the heat insulating layer.
See the previous section for information on moisture backflow.
After all, as a function, the action and effect of absorbing moisture from the B surface and releasing it to the B surface (moisture content and equilibrium moisture content). Action and effect of absorbing moisture from side B and releasing moisture from side A after conduction of moisture (creation of heat conductivity contrary to heat insulation). Action and effect of absorbing moisture from surface A and releasing moisture from surface A (improvement of heat insulation performance in winter by suppressing energy transfer using a waterproof sheet). The above three actions and effects can be realized, and further, the action of absorbing moisture from the A surface and releasing moisture from the B surface after the conduction of moisture can be suppressed.

The ventilation ventilation means according to claim 9.
Fresh air taken into the underfloor space through the air supply communication pipe can be supplied with warm air or cold air by means of heat storage / heat radiation in the underfloor space. Therefore, the underfloor space is kept at a positive pressure. On the other hand, since the indoor space is maintained at a negative pressure, air passing through the inner ventilation layer from the underfloor space can flow into the indoor space communicating through the communication port. At that time, the warm energy or cold energy supplied in the underfloor space travels as a convective energy on the air flow in the ventilation layer. When moving through the ventilation layer, energy transfer to the wall as the casing occurs, and the wall body is heated or cooled. It becomes an element of radiant heating or cooling. Together with the radiant energy from the floor, it can lead to the formation of a radiant heating or radiant cooling system.
By the way, in order to carry out radiation heating and cooling appropriately, heat loss must be minimized. The heat loss through the wall is affected by the heat insulation performance at the design stage on the airtight performance during construction. In cold regions, it is also necessary to improve the heat insulation performance by the method of additional heat insulation.
In the case of simplifying the structure of the roof body, compared with the solar thermal energy, even if the means for heat shielding function, the energy is transmitted. Therefore, we will implement efficient energy discharge in addition to heat insulation. In that case, it is important to link ventilation and indoor air circulation to efficient energy discharge.
In summer, open the air intake at the top of the indoor. The solar heat that has passed through the heat insulation layer of the roof warms the indoor air, but the warmed air is light and rises and concentrates at the top of the interior. Therefore, warm air is efficiently discharged outside the building from the intake port through the exhaust communication pipe. In other words, warm air is efficiently collected and discharged using the structure of the roof body and the nature of warm air.
In winter, the air intake installed at the top of the indoors is closed to make exhausting impossible. Therefore, the air is exhausted only from the air intake installed near the floor or in the middle, and the heated and raised air circulates in the room and is then discharged from the air intake through the exhaust communication pipe. As a result, it is possible to ventilate while serving as an energy supply to the room and a supply of fresh air rich in oxygen.
A normal ventilation system will be equipped with ventilation fans for the first and second floors. On the other hand, when the wall space is incorporated in the ventilation system as a ventilation layer, a single ventilation fan can be provided. In that case, fresh air can flow into the room, circulate through the room, and then be discharged outside the building if the airtightness can be secured. It is not easy to separate and exhaust the cool air.
In the living space of the building, in the living room or living / dining room, which is an important element both in terms of position and area, an atrium is provided from the first floor to the second floor and the back of the hut.
Warm and light air rises and cold and heavy air descends. Therefore, the air that has been warmed and lightened through the vents is easy to rise, and by using the ventilation system, the air can be exhausted outside the building through the air inlet provided at the top of the vents, so the pressure at that part is descend. Therefore, the warmed and lighter air is more likely to rise and separate from cold air.
The ventilation system is provided with an exhaust communication pipe for exhausting air outside the building. An intake port connected to the exhaust communication pipe is provided at the uppermost portion of the blowout portion. Therefore, it can be exhausted outside the building through the air inlet from the top. On the other hand, the outside of the building and the underfloor space communicate with each other through an air supply communication pipe, communicate with the inner ventilation layer in the wall body to form a flow path, and communicate with the indoor space through the communication port of the wall portion. Therefore, fresh air taken from outside the building is chilled in summer in the process of passing through the underfloor space, and is still cold and heavy when flowing through the flow path into the indoor space. As a whole, fresh and chilled air circulates in places in the indoor space that touch the human body. In addition, what can flow into the indoor space through the flow path from the underfloor space is due to a pressure difference generated between the underfloor space and the indoor space. Without this pressure difference, the cooled air will not rise up the inner ventilation layer and flow into the indoor space.
The inner wall is cooled from the underfloor space through the inner ventilation layer. It exhibits a radiant cooling effect. On the other hand, the air in the indoor space near the inner wall is colder than the central part. The chilled air consumes oxygen and cold air as it flows through the indoor space as convection cold air. On the other hand, it is warmed and lightened. The warmed and light air rises together with the negative pressure factor in the blow-off area, and is thus discharged outside the building through the top inlet. Eventually, even if convection-type cold air and warm air are mixed in the ascending process, the cooling effect is sustained by the radiation cooling effect.
By the above simple device, it is possible to separate warm air and cold air while obtaining a radiation cooling effect, and to preferentially exhaust warm and oxygen-consuming air.

Regarding humidity control, after cooling energy is supplied from the radiant cooling, geothermal, and air conditioner in the underfloor space, the cooling energy is absorbed and absorbed by a heat-insulating material that absorbs and releases moisture in the flow through the channel. Loses moisture. As a result, air with a reduced relative humidity flows into the room from the flow path, improving the indoor temperature and humidity environment.
The heat insulating layer having moisture absorption and desorption properties absorbs and absorbs the cooling energy of radiation cooling on the outdoor side, and contributes to the absorption of solar thermal energy acquired by daytime solar radiation together with H2O absorbed and liquefied indoors. That is, heat insulation.
The effect of heat insulation does not stop only to suppress indoor temperature rise. Absorbs moisture from the indoor side where the relative humidity is low and moves to the outdoor side, regardless of the outdoor relative humidity level, because the moisture in the heat insulation layer can be stably vaporized and released outside by absorbing solar heat. It is possible to prevent the backflow of moisture from the outside to the inside.
By the way, the flooring is determined by the relationship between the relative humidity, the moisture content, and the equilibrium moisture content, depending on the nature and environment of use. Then, the air in the underfloor space is cooled by geothermal / radiative cooling or cold air generated / supplied by the air conditioner, and the relative humidity increases. Therefore, moisture can be absorbed from the underfloor space where the relative humidity is increased, and can pass through the flooring and be released into the indoor space where the relative humidity is low. The problem is solved both from the management of the moisture content of the flooring material and from the reduction of the risk of condensation in the underfloor space. Furthermore, the indoor humidity waits for solar thermal energy, passes through the heat insulating layer in contact with the room, and is discharged outdoors. Eventually, the problem can be solved even in suitably managing the dehumidifying load.
When outside air is introduced under the floor by operating the ventilation system, a large amount of moisture contained in the air with high relative humidity in summer passes through the inner ventilation layer communicating with the under-floor space and passes through the heat insulation layer of the wall to the outside. Discharged. Therefore, two different discharge paths are formed together with the discharge path that passes through the floor material in contact with the underfloor space and is released into the room.
The roles of the two dissimilar discharge channels are complementary. One is to move moisture by ventilation, that is, in a manner similar to energy transfer by convection heat. The disadvantage of this method is that it is difficult to maintain a favorable ventilation throughout the underfloor space. Moreover, it is difficult to specially use means such as stirring that causes air pollution. Under such circumstances, the moisture that is concentrated in a part of the floor is absorbed by the moisture absorbent material, preventing the relative humidity from staying high and eliminating the risk of condensation. . In other words, the discharge path due to moisture absorption / release is formed as long as it prevents the high relative humidity from stopping in summer and eliminates the risk of condensation, that is, it is formed when necessary. There is no discharge channel when the relative humidity of the outside air is low as in winter.
When operating an air conditioner installed in an underfloor space or indoors, moisture is discharged directly to the outdoors. When this third discharge path is formed and acts and effects in reality, the previous two discharge paths operate favorably without increasing the dehumidification load of the air conditioner, and discharge moisture to the outdoors. To contribute. In other words, as long as the three discharge paths are suitably implemented within the range of their functions, they can contribute to the realization of an indoor dehumidifying effect and can realize a comfortable indoor environment.
Ultimately, by utilizing solar thermal energy, moisture can be suitably discharged outdoors, and the water content of each member (finishing material for floors, walls, ceilings, structural materials such as foundations, columns, beams, etc.) Rate management can be suitably implemented.

Natural energy such as geothermal, radiant cooling and solar heat is not always available. There may be restrictions on the time zone that can be used directly at night or only in the daytime. Even in that case, if the surplus energy is turned into heat storage and can be effectively used in a time zone that cannot be used originally, the heat storage system becomes valuable.
Now, in order to effectively use natural energy, it is important to prepare energy that can be used complementarily. In addition, it is desirable from the viewpoint of cost reduction that the same heat storage system can be used. Then, even if it says from the high energy consumption efficiency, the first candidate is the energy supply by an air conditioner. In addition, if socially surplus midnight power can be used effectively, it will be beneficial both in terms of initial cost and running cost. In consideration of the efficiency of energy supply by convection heat to the air circulation means and the heat storage means, the air conditioner is preferably installed in the underfloor space.
When the energy supply means intends to supply energy by convection heat, the heat storage method is limited in terms of the efficiency of heat storage and heat dissipation. The direct heat storage on the foundation soil concrete cannot obtain the effect sufficiently, and the necessary amount of heat storage cannot be secured.只 The heat storage capacity becomes enormous when combined with the heat storage in the ground, and a sufficient capacity can be secured.
In terms of efficiency, heat storage and heat dissipation using energy transfer accompanying the phase change of solidification / melting are excellent. However, since the heat storage capacity of the heat storage material is not large, if the necessary amount of air conditioning for the entire building is secured, there will be restrictions in terms of construction and initial cost.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1, the heat storage body composed of the heat storage material, the foundation soil concrete, and the ground are considered as one heat storage layer. Since the heat storage body and the concrete between the foundation soil are in direct contact, heat can be conducted by the heat transfer method, and heat can be conducted from the foundation soil concrete to the ground by the heat transfer method as well. The movement is efficient. In addition, since it is a direct energy transfer in a building with high airtight insulation performance, no energy loss occurs, and it can be said that this is a very efficient heat storage means.
The underground is about 5M below the surface, and the temperature is stable throughout the year.只 In order to stably supply a large amount of energy from there, facilities and equipment become large, which is disadvantageous in terms of initial cost. Therefore, the 2M environment below the earth's surface is used for heat storage. As one of the contrivances, heat insulation is laid on the lower surface of the foundation soil concrete for the 2M to 3M portion from the fabric foundation around the building. With just that ingenuity, the effects of temperature changes on the surface of the earth can be mitigated, and in areas where insulation is not laid down, an environment of 2 to 3M below the surface of the earth can be realized, which also serves as an energy supply means that effectively uses that environment. As a heat storage layer, heat loss can be prevented accordingly. In addition, by attaching a moisture-proof sheet to the lower surface of the foundation soil concrete, it is possible to prevent moisture from entering the ground, and at the same time, it is effective in preventing heat loss. In addition, since the piping facilities indispensable for the use of the building are concentrated near the foundation around the building, even if water leakage occurs, the effect on the heat storage layer is small. In addition, there is an advantage that management and repair can be easily performed.
Not only heat storage efficiency but also heat dissipation is high. Taking an example during cooling, the heat storage body radiates (cools) heat while melting in a form corresponding to the temperature change in the underfloor space. Moreover, since the energy stored in the concrete directly in contact with the foundation is replenished to the heat storage body by a heat transfer method, the energy supply to the underfloor space can be continued even if the heat storage capacity of the heat storage body is exceeded.
The energy supply to the underfloor space and the heat storage layer is supplied directly to the underfloor space in the form of convection heat when seeking an energy source from the solar heat / air conditioner, on the other hand, via the air circulation means from the underfloor space to the indoor space. The energy can be stored in the indoor space, and on the other hand, energy can be stored in the heat storage layer composed of the heat storage body, the concrete between the foundation soil and the ground through the heat storage body from the underfloor space. Furthermore, although geothermal heat is directly supplied from the ground to the heat storage layer by heat transfer, it is particularly efficient in increasing the utilization efficiency of cold air as an energy source for cooling. By adding heat dissipation via the heat storage body, it becomes easier to use as cold air, and the supply of cold air via the air circulation means between the underfloor space and the indoor space can also control the time period of supply. I can do it. Further, by changing the direction of the blower fan provided in the communication pipe, it is possible to easily change the cooling and heating circulation paths. Note that solar heat collection is performed through the roof ventilation layer, and supply to the underfloor space is performed using a known means using a communication pipe.

The previous “liquefaction” means so-called condensation. Condensation has long been avoided as it causes damage to buildings. For that reason, the use of dew condensation as an “action” requires spiritual conflict and leap. Samurai, mental struggles / leaps are not enough. Specifically, an increase in the moisture content of the frame including the heat insulating material is inevitable, and it is necessary to pay attention to the harmful effects associated with the increase in the moisture content.
By the way, an increase in the moisture content of the skeleton tends to foster an environment in which mold and decaying fungi are likely to grow. In that sense, an increase in moisture content is not always desirable. However, the water content must be maintained at a high level for efficient operation and operation of the heat shield and dehumidification mechanism. In other words, it has a contradictory nature. Therefore, while suppressing the increase in the moisture content of the housing, that is, while appropriately controlling the moisture content of the housing, it cooperates with improving the efficiency of moisture absorption / cooling and improving the efficiency of moisture release / heat absorption, thereby providing a heat shielding / dehumidification mechanism. Efficient operation and operation of the system has become a major issue.

By the way, the relative humidity when moisture is absorbed into the wall at night increases due to a decrease in ambient temperature, and the pressure of moisture absorption increases. At that time, if liquefaction occurs due to the phase change of H2O, the temperature rises due to condensation heat generated at the same time. It will be a factor. After all, if the supply of cooling energy sufficient to generate liquefaction does not continue, the phase change will not continue.
When H 2 O changes phase and evaporates, heat of vaporization is taken away from the surroundings. If the generation of this heat of vaporization continues, the temperature rise of the wall body due to solar solar radiation acquisition is suppressed by the accumulation of heat of vaporization.
By the way, if liquid "water" is directly supplied to and absorbed by the wall, it will take away heat of vaporization when it vaporizes and evaporates, so it continuously absorbs daytime solar heat and vaporizes and evaporates. Is possible.只 Since the method of directly absorbing water is not adopted, the conventional method does not continuously take away the heat of vaporization from the surroundings.
Therefore, as an alternative to the supply and absorption of “water”, the absorption of moisture and the absorption of cooling energy are performed in cooperation, and latent heat-type cold storage, which is a phase change that leads to condensation heat and water generation in the wall, is important. Become. In addition, a heat shielding effect using latent heat can be obtained within the range of the total amount of cooling energy (radiation cooling / geothermal energy) invested in order to absorb the condensation heat generated when liquefying through phase change.
As for the heat insulating material having moisture absorption / release properties on the outer side of the three layers of heat insulation layers shown in Japanese Patent Application No. 2004-360560, which has been granted a patent, the phase change between moisture absorption / release and H2O. It is not specified whether the ratio of cooperation with is high or low. On the other hand, in the later application, it is composed of a heat insulating material having a high ratio of the moisture absorption and desorption and the phase change of H 2 O, and a lower conceptualization is achieved.

Even when the supply of moisture to the wall body and the supply of cooling energy cannot be controlled, the association between moisture absorption / release and the phase change of H 2 O can be seen.
In concrete terms, the old houses built from earthen walls are designed for ventilation and are made with true walls. Therefore, moisture and radiant cooling energy are supplied by ventilation. And the night latent heat type cold storage is possible by cooperation of moisture absorption to the earth wall and radiation cooling absorption. The difference between absorbing moisture and absorbing liquid H 2 O has been processed without being vaguely distinguished in terms of means and effects. That is the state of the art.
And in the daytime solar radiation acquisition, generation of vaporization heat due to moisture release and phase change occurs. This is the primitive mechanism that leads to heat insulation in the linkage between moisture absorption / release and radiation cooling absorption / release. However, since the direction of moisture absorption and the direction of moisture release are not controlled, the effect of humidity adjustment in the daytime is small. Also, reviewing energy transfer as a function of dew condensation (liquefaction), taking it as part of heat transfer energy transfer, and enhancing the effect of dehumidification and heat insulation while using solar water solar radiation acquisition for moisture content management There was also no. Eventually, it does not lead to the development of an advanced heat shielding / dehumidifying mechanism that can control the cooperation between moisture absorption / release and the phase change of H 2 O with respect to its direction and the like. Furthermore, since the heat transfer cannot be controlled, there is no means for suppressing the occurrence of energy loss in winter.

On the other hand, the new technology stores the cooling energy provided by air conditioners using radiant cooling, geothermal heat, and midnight power, while at the same time supplying it to the indoor space to promote moisture absorption and cooling in the airtight insulation layer, thereby adjusting indoor humidity. In addition, the heat insulation function during the daytime can be suitably implemented while leading to the discharge in the form of latent heat of moisture utilizing solar solar radiation acquisition.
The water content management is preferably carried out by utilizing the difference in the latent heat storage mode of the heat insulating material having moisture absorption / release properties. Specifically, the airtight heat insulating layer on the north side where solar thermal solar radiation cannot be obtained is formed using a heat insulating material with a low ratio of cooperation between moisture absorption and liquefaction, or a heat insulating material that does not have moisture absorption / release properties. . With this simple device, while suppressing the increase in the moisture content of the airtight heat insulating layer, it promotes latent heat storage with liquefaction, while increasing the effect of adjusting the humidity in the room, while also increasing the heat insulation effect during the day. be able to.
Explaining in detail, when the airtight heat insulating layer is configured with a heat insulating material with a low ratio of moisture absorption and liquefaction, most of the absorbed moisture is retained as moisture and discharged to the outside through the outer ventilation layer and roof ventilation layer. Is done. Since it does not contain much latent heat energy, it is not necessary to acquire solar heat solar radiation, and can be supplied with kinetic energy necessary for vaporization from a room temperature gas in the daytime. Therefore, even if the airtight heat insulation layer on the north side where the sun does not radiate is constructed using a heat insulating material with a low ratio of moisture absorption and liquefaction, the necessary moisture can be released, resulting in a high moisture content. Stop can be avoided.
However, in the above-mentioned means, the limit of humidity control in the room comes early, and it is not possible to suitably perform the humidity control that is comfortable. In order to realize comfortable humidity control, it is necessary to devise a simple method. It has a three-layer structure in which a heat insulating material having moisture absorption / release properties is divided into two layers, and a moisture-permeable windproof waterproof sheet is sandwiched between them. This simple device can realize a more comfortable humidity environment. The effect appears remarkably when dehumidifying indoors using a dehumidifier in a warm region, or when cooling energy is supplied and dehumidified using an air conditioner. (Refer to section 0075-76 for details.)
During the daytime, the fan that leads to the ventilation hole under the roof ridge is driven, and the air in the roof ventilation layer and the space under the roof ridge is forcibly discharged outside the building. Then, the flow rate of the outside air through the outer ventilation layer communicating with the roof ventilation layer increases due to the atmospheric pressure. When the air flow is activated, the increase in relative humidity and the increase in atmospheric pressure are prevented, but rather the moisture release from the heat insulating material is continuously promoted by the decrease in relative humidity and the decrease in boiling point resulting from the decrease in atmospheric pressure. That is, the efficiency of moisture release is improved. And in order to control the inflow of outside air and to prevent the backflow from the building ventilation opening, the openable building ventilation opening is closed.
If moisture release from the heat insulating material of the airtight heat insulating layer is continued and strengthened, the moisture content of the heat insulating material decreases more rapidly as the surface. Therefore, it is necessary to replenish H2O.
When the blower fan is driven at night, replenishment of the reduced moisture content of the heat insulating material due to daytime moisture release is actively performed from the moisture contained in the outside air taken in through the outer ventilation layer. In this case, even with respect to the heat of condensation caused by moisture absorption and phase change, the outside air taken in from the lower end of the outer ventilation layer is cooled by the temperature drop due to radiative cooling, and the condensation energy is used to cool the condensation. Heat is processed. Since heat is not applied to the heat insulating material, moisture absorption is continued and maintained efficiently.
The energy stored by liquefaction at night absorbs solar thermal energy acquired by solar radiation in the daytime, and changes sensible heat into an energy source for vaporization and moisture release in the form of latent heat called moisture. This leads to a daytime heat insulation effect.
When the blower fan is not operated at night, acquisition of radiative cooling through the outer ventilation layer and the roof ventilation layer is suppressed, and as a result, moisture absorption from the outside is also suppressed. Accordingly, moisture absorption from the indoor due to a decrease in the moisture content in the daytime in the airtight heat insulating layer is promoted, and the dehumidifying effect in the room can be enhanced.

In the new technology, the cooling energy provided by radiant cooling and geothermal heat is supplied while air flows through the secured channel. At the same time, the supply of moisture and moisture absorption activity can be controlled and promoted by securing the flow path. In addition, when the moisture absorption is accompanied by a liquefaction phase change, the temperature of the air after the cooling energy is transferred to the airtight heat insulating layer increases. Therefore, it is possible to distribute the air having a decreased relative humidity and the air having an increased temperature after the moisture is absorbed and to flow into the room. At the same time, it is necessary and possible to continuously distribute and supply new cooling energy. Therefore, it is possible to control the ratio of cooperation between moisture absorption and liquefaction, maintain heat conductivity contrary to heat insulation, and lead to control of the amount of energy transfer. This is made possible by a 24-hour ventilation system in conjunction with a double wall ventilation system and a ventilation system in the building.
Furthermore, it is possible to promote the release of moisture from the wall body and the moisture exhausting activity through the ventilation layer regardless of the presence or absence of a phase change. Moreover, although it is restricted by the amount of kinetic energy acquired from the outdoors, it enables energy transfer from the inside. Indoor humidity control effect through control (promotion / suppression) through complementary cooperation through complementary cooperation between the exhaust heat system in the form of moisture and the humidification / cooling system provided in the previous 24-hour ventilation system It can be developed into an advanced heat shielding / dehumidifying mechanism that can be connected to the temperature rise suppression effect.

In order to bring the indoor moisture absorption / release function and the phase change of H2O into the intended direction and bring about a more comfortable indoor environment, the functions of the respective roles must further increase the efficiency. Don't be.
In order to link the indoor moisture absorption / release function and the phase change of H2O, the outer ventilation layer and the inner ventilation layer and the roof ventilation layer and the ceiling space separated from each other by the heat insulating material are intended to complement each other, In pursuit of the efficiency of each function, it is necessary to quickly realize the energy transfer accompanying the “phase change of H 2 O” occurring on the surface of the heat insulating material having moisture absorption / release properties and inside.

The roof ventilation layer communicates with the outside ventilation layer. Normally, when outside air is introduced from the lower end and heated by solar heat through the outer wall and expands, it naturally rises and goes out of the building through the communicating space under the roof building and the building ventilation opening. Released. The relative humidity of the air that has absorbed heat decreases, and the equilibrium moisture content of the heat insulating material also decreases. The divergence from the moisture content before compliance increases, and the pressure of moisture release increases. In addition, the heat insulation itself stores heat by acquiring solar radiation, and the transfer of kinetic energy within the heat insulation becomes easy, the pressure in the void rises due to expansion due to vaporization, and the conduction of moisture accompanying the phase change (vaporization) of H2O and The pressure of moisture release is further increased. Therefore, the introduced outside air contains a large amount of moisture released from the heat insulating material (humidity accompanied by phase change / humidity not accompanied by phase change) and plays a role of carrying out moisture.
In exhausting solar thermal energy acquired by solar radiation, conventional double-wall ventilation systems and systems using moisture-absorbing heat-insulating materials discharge energy together with air in the form of sensible heat. On the other hand, in the new technology, the heat is confined in the form of latent heat called moisture, and the energy is discharged outside the building through the outdoor outer ventilation layer, the attic space, and the space under the building along with the air and the remaining sensible heat.
Now, after closing the openable and closable roof building ventilation port that connects the building ventilation port and the space under the roof building, the communication pipe and blower fan that leads to the outside air from the building space is driven to force the air in the back space To the outside of the building. Then, the flow rate of the outside air through the outer ventilation layer communicating with the roof ventilation layer increases due to the atmospheric pressure. When the air flow is activated, the increase in relative humidity and the increase in atmospheric pressure are prevented, but rather the moisture release from the heat insulating material is continuously promoted by the decrease in relative humidity and the decrease in boiling point resulting from the decrease in atmospheric pressure. That is, the efficiency of moisture release is improved.
If moisture release from the heat insulating material of the airtight heat insulating layer is continued and strengthened, the moisture content of the heat insulating material decreases more rapidly as the surface. Therefore, it is necessary to replenish H2O.
When the blower fan is driven at night, replenishment of the reduced moisture content of the heat insulating material due to daytime moisture release is actively performed from the moisture contained in the outside air taken in through the outer ventilation layer. In this case, even with respect to the heat of condensation caused by moisture absorption and phase change, the outside air taken in from the lower end of the outer ventilation layer is cooled by the temperature drop due to radiative cooling, and the condensation energy is used to cool the condensation. Heat is processed. Since heat is not applied to the heat insulating material, moisture absorption is continued and maintained efficiently.

In the present invention, the driving of the blower fan is limited to daytime and is used as a measure for improving the efficiency of moisture release. At night, the blower fan is not driven, the air flow in the flow path is suppressed, and the moisture supply from the outside to the airtight heat insulating layer through the outer ventilation layer and the roof ventilation layer is suppressed.
This will be described in more detail. In the daytime, when the blower fan is driven to lower the relative humidity and the atmospheric pressure, the equilibrium moisture content in the heat insulating material and the boiling point of H 2 O are lowered and moisture is released. As a result, the moisture content of the heat insulating material is lower than before.
When the outside air temperature decreases at night, the relative humidity increases, the equilibrium moisture content in the heat insulating material increases, and a deviation from the water content in the heat insulating material occurs, resulting in a recovery capacity of the water content.
Usually, the moisture content is restored by replenishment from the inside of the heat insulating material and moisture absorption through the outer ventilation layer and the attic space. In the daytime, the width of the "deviation" is increased by using the blower fan, and the dependency on the replenishment from the inside of the heat insulating material is as long as the increased width of the "deviation" is filled by using the night blower fan. growing. This results in a pressure of H 2 O movement from the inside to the outside in the insulation. Therefore, when the night blower fan is stopped and not used, moisture absorption from the outside is suppressed, so that the pressure of H2O movement from the indoor side to the outdoor side increases.
Now, if the moisture conductivity is increased depending only on the properties of the material, such as providing many continuous voids, it will hinder the maintenance of the airtight performance and further the heat insulation performance required in winter. Therefore, the performance is improved by combining the performance of the material and other factors than the performance of the material.
In the daytime, the ventilation fan is operated to promote moisture release to the outside in the airtight heat insulation layer, and due to the synergistic effect with the pressure of moisture conduction caused by the vaporization and expansion of liquid H2O, the indoor side to the outdoor side in the heat insulating material The pressure of H2O movement to the water increases, and the efficiency of indoor dehumidification can be improved together with the high efficiency of moisture absorption and cooling of the heat insulating material.
Stop the blower fan at night to suppress moisture absorption and cooling from the outside. The amount that can be suppressed is replenished by moisture absorption and cooling from the inside, and the effect of dehumidification from the inside is improved accordingly.
In both daytime and nighttime, create and maintain the pressure of H2O movement from the indoor side to the outdoor side exceeding the moisture conductivity of the material, promote moisture absorption through the inner ventilation layer and ceiling space, and restore moisture content Through the promotion, it is possible to improve the efficiency of moisture absorption / cooling on the indoor side while suppressing the increase of the moisture content, and to improve the efficiency of dehumidification in the indoor. This action / effect is ensured by solar solar radiation acquisition.

How to achieve high efficiency of moisture supply and moisture absorption, focusing on the work of the inner ventilation layer and the ceiling space that is the moisture supply side.
On the other hand, a decrease in the moisture content in the airtight heat insulating layer due to the release of H2O due to solar radiation acquisition during the daytime creates a recovery of the moisture absorption capacity at night. As a result, it leads to a humidity control function of the indoor space due to moisture absorption in the indoor space. As described above, if the blower fan is operated even at night, the supply of moisture and cold from outside is urged, and the absorption and movement of moisture from the inside is reduced accordingly.
Under a climate close to a very cold region compared to a warm region, as a result of heating, the temperature difference between indoors and outdoors is severe in winter. Therefore, it is important to deal with the movement in the opposite direction to that of summer as a risk for the entry and exit of moisture through the hermetic insulation layer and the transfer of thermal energy accompanying the phase change of H2O. The air circulation path is changed between winter and summer by means of opening and closing the communication port. Thereby, it is possible to suitably control the cooperation between the ceiling space and the cabin space that are isolated by the airtight heat insulating layer.
About measures against heat loss in winter. In winter, air flow from the ceiling space to the room is eliminated by closing the communication port that connects the room and the ceiling space. Therefore, the flow path to the ceiling space is removed from the air circulation path, and the supply of air is not promoted. Therefore, the connection between the two spaces separated by the airtight insulation layer is broken. As a result, the entry and exit of moisture between the ceiling space and the roof ventilation layer through the hermetic heat insulating layer is not promoted, and heat loss due to that is avoided.
The air circulation is performed in such a manner that the inner ventilation layer communicates with the indoor space through a communication port provided in the inner wall, and the outside air introduced by the air supply communication pipe passes through the flow path through the underfloor space and the inner ventilation layer. Furthermore, when heat energy is supplied in the underfloor space, the heat energy is transferred in the process of passing through the flow path through the underfloor space and the inner ventilation layer, and sensible heat is efficiently stored. Therefore, when heat energy is supplied to the underfloor space from the energy supply means such as an air conditioner and energy storage means described in the previous section, a sufficient amount of energy is stored as sensible heat in the enclosure via the circulation channel, and heating as radiant heat is performed. An effect can be suitably obtained.
In the summer, some of the communication openings on the inner wall are closed, the communication openings on the ceiling are opened, and the space behind the ceiling, the indoor space, the inner ventilation layer, and the indoor space are communicated. Ensure a flow path through the back space. Therefore, the outside air introduced by the air supply communication pipe passes through the flow path through the underfloor space, the inner ventilation layer, and the ceiling space. Therefore, the cooperation between the ceiling space isolated by the airtight heat insulating layer and the roof ventilation layer is secured and promoted. And the humidity which distribute | circulates a flow path is discharge | released to a roof ventilation layer through an airtight heat insulation layer by the function of the mechanism which accelerates | stimulates cooperation of two isolated spaces.

About the heat insulating material which promotes liquefaction and the heat insulating material which does not promote.
Even if moisture absorption is promoted by the difference between the relative humidity and the equilibrium moisture content and the moisture content is increased, it does not immediately lead to the promotion of phase change (liquefaction) in the heat insulating material. The promotion of liquefaction depends on the promotion of absorption of cooling energy capable of treating the heat of condensation generated with liquefaction. However, the heat insulating material has a low ability to conduct cooling energy inside due to its heat insulating property. That is, liquefaction is slow as the conduction of cooling energy is slow. Even if latent heat storage is attempted, the efficiency is not good. Then, even if the supply of cooling energy is increased, the cooling cannot be efficiently performed according to the increase. Therefore, it is a challenge to achieve efficient latent heat storage.
If we understand the above in relation to the process of latent heat storage, using a heat insulating material with the characteristic of absorbing H2O liquefied on the surface of the airtight heat insulating layer will absorb the heat of condensation when absorbing moisture in the air. -It contributes to maintaining a high "cooperation ratio" between moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change by promoting liquefaction and sucking / absorbing liquid H2O. Therefore, even when the moisture content in the daytime is reduced, the cooling energy can be absorbed and retained, the efficient energy transfer can be continued, and the heat shielding and dehumidifying effect can be maintained. It should be noted that the reason why latent heat storage does not cause a decrease in ambient temperature compared to sensible heat storage is that cooling energy is used to absorb condensation heat.
When the heat insulating material with a low cooperation ratio is used for the airtight heat insulating layer on the north side where solar heat energy cannot be obtained by solar radiation, latent heat storage in other airtight heat insulating layers can be promoted while suitably managing the moisture content.
In addition, if the heat insulating material which does not have moisture absorption / release property is used for the heat insulating material on the north side, the same effect can be realized in terms of water content management.

In the twelfth and subsequent aspects, the outside air is directly discharged into the underfloor space through the air supply communication pipe by the operation of the heat exchange type ventilation fan. The underfloor space communicates with the inner ventilation layer and the space behind the ceiling, and the outside air taken in creates a pressure that circulates in the flow path. Similarly, by operating the heat exchange type exhaust fan, air is exhausted from each room in the building to the outside through the exhaust pipe. As a result, the air pressure in each room becomes negative and communicates with the inner ventilation layer and the space behind the ceiling through the communication port so that air can flow in without difficulty. In other words, the operation of the heat exchanging ventilation fan creates a negative pressure in the living room and a positive pressure in the underfloor space, resulting in a pressure difference indoors. The flow of the outside air taken in is smoothly performed by the difference in the atmospheric pressure, with the inner ventilation layer and the ceiling space communicating with the living room / underfloor space as a flow path. Moreover, it continues for 24 hours.
Taking summer as an example, the outside air taken into the space under the floor is rich in humidity and high humidity. By the way, in the underfloor space, it is possible to take in geothermal heat through a heat storage layer formed of underground, foundation soil concrete and heat storage body. In summer, the geothermal heat is below 20 ° C, so the outside air taken in can be cooled. As a result, the originally high relative humidity is further increased due to the temperature drop. It is put on the air circulation channel and supplied to the inner ventilation layer / ceiling space.
Further details will be described. The outside air introduced at night has high relative humidity due to summer seasonal factors and radiative cooling. Therefore, the equilibrium moisture content on the moisture-absorbing side is maintained high, and the deviation from the moisture content in the heat insulating material is large, so that a large amount of moisture absorption energy is secured.
As a result of the absorption of solar thermal energy in the daytime, the pressure of H2O movement increases in the heat insulating material other than the airtight heat insulating layer of the north wall, and the water content in the heat insulating material close to the inner ventilation layer / ceiling space The rate is further decreasing.
Due to the above two factors, the divergence between the moisture content and the equilibrium moisture content in the nighttime heat insulating material further increases, and the energy of moisture absorption increases. This is where air with high relative humidity comes into contact. Naturally, moisture contained in the air passing through the inner ventilation layer / ceiling space is absorbed by the heat insulating material. In particular, the movement is further promoted at night, and the efficiency of moisture absorption is higher than in the daytime. The air-tight heat insulating layer constituting the wall on the north side uses a moisture absorbing / releasing material having a low ratio of moisture absorption to the phase change of H 2 O, so that moisture retention due to moisture absorption = liquefaction can be avoided. Therefore, the effect of dehumidification and heat insulation can be realized while controlling the moisture content.

Now, heat of condensation is generated in the process in which the heat insulating material absorbs moisture and liquefies by phase change. The hygroscopic function is reduced by the heat. In the daytime, the temperature increase of the outside air usually increases and the moisture absorption function decreases. At night, opposite to daytime, the outside air is cooled by radiation cooling. Furthermore, the outside air whose temperature has decreased passes through a flow path secured by an air circulation system that operates for 24 hours. The phase changes and absorbs the heat of condensation generated with liquefaction. Moisture absorption is further promoted by latent heat storage accompanied by transfer of cooling energy.
On the outdoor side, nighttime radiant cooling energy and moisture are simultaneously supplied through the outer ventilation layer and the roof ventilation layer. A heat-insulating material having moisture absorption / release properties is facilitated to absorb liquefaction by being provided with a property having a high cooperation ratio between moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change on the outdoor side. The energy stored latently from the outdoor side has no factor to move to the indoor side, and solar heat energy is acquired by the solar radiation in the next day to evaporate and release to the outdoor side to be converted into heat shielding energy.
冷却 The cooling energy that can be used at this stage is limited to that provided by radiant cooling and geothermal heat. Therefore, the energy transfer caused by heat transfer caused by the cooperation between the moisture absorption and the phase change of H 2 O is limited in quantity, and the ability to absorb solar heat energy and shield it is limited. That is also the limit of improving the indoor environment when nature-oriented.
Also in the winter season, geothermal heat obtained through the heat storage layer is not qualitatively sufficient as warm energy, and it is difficult to provide a comfortable indoor environment as heating energy unless combined with solar heat and other complementary energy supply means. . However, the size of the heat storage capacity of the heat storage layer and the high efficiency of the heat storage / radiation enable the combined use of natural energy such as geothermal / radiant cooling / solar heat and midnight power. Therefore, not only the effect of cooling, dehumidification and heat insulation in summer, but also the effect of radiation heating in winter will be realized.
Now, when calculating | requiring cooling energy other than the energy obtained from radiation cooling and geothermal, it is important that the same effect is acquired at a higher level. In that respect, moisture absorption is further promoted and phase change of liquefaction is further promoted.In addition, the ratio of energy transfer associated with moisture absorption and liquefaction is increased, and the ratio of cooperation is reduced while suppressing the increase in moisture content. It is important to be able to achieve the rise. Therefore, when new cooling energy is supplied using an air conditioner, it is a problem whether the same effect can be obtained at a higher level without causing any energy loss.

Thermal insulation is a process that absorbs moisture in the air and at the same time absorbs volatile chemicals and pollutants in the air. Chemical substances and pollutants are dissolved by the water retention capacity of the heat insulating material, and move inside the heat insulating material as H2O moves. Therefore, finally, when H2O is discharged from the heat insulating material as water vapor, it is discharged together. It is important to understand that chemical substances and pollutants are not accumulated in the heat insulating material, which is an adsorbent, but a means for appropriately discharging them outside the building without going through the living room.
Eventually, volatile chemicals and pollutants contained in the outside air are purified in the process of passing through the air circulation system that operates for 24 hours, and the purified air flows into the room. In addition, it is possible to spend in an air environment with controlled humidity and temperature.

In the previous invention, as a means for suppressing heat of condensation generated when the heat insulating material absorbs moisture and undergoes a liquefaction phase change in the circulation flow path, and further increases relative humidity and promotes moisture absorption, The cooling energy of cooling was used.
As a natural-oriented air conditioning system, it is an optimum means, and the intended performance can be suitably realized. Now, personal preferences are diverse. Some people are not satisfied with the intended performance and operability of nature-oriented air conditioning systems. The following means provides an air conditioning system for such a person simply.
In order to increase the efficiency of moisture absorption from the previous system and increase the efficiency of the latent heat type cold storage, an air conditioner is used and cooling energy is supplied only during the time when midnight power can be used. It leads to the efficiency improvement of the air-conditioning system using the dehumidification by moisture absorption / release and the energy transfer accompanying the phase change of H2O.
This can be understood as a cold storage mechanism for the enclosure using midnight power. That is, instead of the conventional ice heat storage (cold) device, it plays the role of a cold storage device using a housing by means of architectural construction of the building.

Specifically, in the process of discharging cold air from an air conditioner using nighttime and late-night power, and circulating it according to the air flow path, the relative humidity in the flow path is increased, and the moisture absorption and desorption material constituting the building is increased. Cooling. Cooling promotes moisture absorption and absorbs condensation heat generated by phase change (liquefaction). As a result, the air flowing into the room is adjusted in humidity to an appropriate temperature.
Conversely, during the daytime, the enclosure is warmed, including the insulation, by solar radiation. In relation to the relative humidity, or converted into kinetic energy necessary for vaporization, the material absorbs and releases moisture, and works in the direction of cooling the housing by the heat of vaporization. Now, due to the complementary relationship between the two ventilation layers, a part of the moisture absorbed by the insulation material passes through and penetrates the insulation material, passes through the phase change of H2O, and is discharged outside the building through the outer ventilation layer and the roof ventilation layer. The Therefore, the humidity in the room does not increase, and the temperature rise due to heat transfer through the housing is suppressed, and a comfortable environment is formed. Moreover, not all the solar heat acquired by solar radiation is discharged outside the building in the form of sensible heat, but part of it is discharged outside the building in the form of latent heat of moisture. However, the infiltration of solar thermal energy through the windows and the heat loss during ventilation are inevitable, so that the temperature rise due to the influence is suppressed and cooling energy is supplied from the daytime air conditioner to realize a comfortable indoor thermal environment. Further, in order to realize the effect of radiant cooling during the daytime, cooling energy is supplied from the air conditioner into the daytime air circulation passage. None of them are used to suppress radiant heat generated by storing heat in a heat insulating material, so that the amount of electricity used in the daytime does not increase significantly.
By the way, latent heat exhaust heat cannot be done infinitely. In other words, the amount of solar heat energy absorbed by the heat of vaporization is limited according to the amount of heat absorbed by the air conditioning cooling energy when the heat insulating material absorbs and releases moisture, and the amount of condensation heat generated by liquefaction, one aspect of H2O phase change. Is done. And although it is the limited range, the influence of a radiant heat can be reduced and it can contribute to suppression of the indoor temperature rise. (When not considering geothermal and radiative cooling)

Eventually, by operating the air conditioner using midnight power and supplying cooling energy, a part of the energy is stored in the finishing material, structural material, and insulation material in a latent heat, and released when it is warm in the daytime. Cooling can suppress the rise in indoor temperature. Absorption of solar heat energy by heat of vaporization is the release and transfer of heat energy converted into the form of latent heat of moisture. In addition, a part of the cooling energy is stored sensible heat at night and daytime, and energy conversion is achieved to give the effect of radiant cooling, contributing to the realization of a comfortable thermal environment while reducing the amount of electricity used in the daytime. To do.
Now, when the air conditioner is disposed in both the underfloor space and the ceiling space in the flow path, the cooling energy suitably flows through the flow path. However, when it is arranged only in the underfloor space, it is necessary to devise the circulation in the flow path. Specifically, when cooling energy is sent from the underfloor space to the space behind the ceiling through the blower fan / communication pipe, distribution in the flow path and supply to the members are preferably performed.
The cooling energy generated and supplied by air conditioners is overwhelmingly larger than the natural energy of geothermal and radiative cooling. Therefore, in order to make use of the large energy supply capacity, moisture absorption / cooling from the inside in the airtight heat insulating layer and energy transfer from the indoor to the outdoor in the airtight heat insulating layer, transfer of H2O, and latent heat exhaust to the outside, respectively. It is necessary for the function to improve efficiency. And the optimal dehumidification and heat insulation system can be obtained by their synergistic effect.
Now, the heat insulating material used for the airtight heat insulating layer is a heat insulating material that increases the efficiency of cooling energy absorption when absorbing moisture and promotes liquefaction, and absorbs it in the liquid state without causing condensation. Use. In order to link the increase in the generation and supply of cooling energy by the air conditioner to the improvement of the heat shielding and dehumidifying effect, it is essential to improve the efficiency of moisture absorption and cooling by the properties of the heat insulating material in the airtight heat insulating layer. Therefore, when the superposition of X + X and X + Y heat insulating materials is adopted due to the climatic characteristics, a necessary function (X) is provided on the indoor side for absorbing and cooling moisture.
As described in item 0100, the pressure of moisture transfer accompanying the vaporization / expansion of H 2 O in the heat insulating material increases. On the other hand, moisture absorption / cooling from indoors is enhanced by improving the generation / supply capability of the cooling energy of the air conditioner and the moisture absorption / cooling capability of the heat insulating material, and is held in the form of liquefied liquid H2O filling the voids. . Accordingly, the airtight performance of the heat insulating material is improved. Therefore, when liquid H2O vaporizes and expands and conducts as moisture, the airtightness is enhanced to prevent moisture conduction as a wall. Therefore, the conduction of moisture to the indoor side does not progress, and the conduction of moisture to the outdoor side through the air gap progresses. And the efficiency of moisture conduction to the outdoors is enhanced by a synergistic effect with the function of the fan outdoors.
By the way, the cooling energy is supplied to the gaseous H2O in the voids through the heat conductivity of the liquid H2O to promote liquefaction, or the improvement in the efficiency of moisture conduction leads to the lowering of the atmospheric pressure in the voids where the atmospheric pressure has increased, New kinetic energy can be obtained by solar radiation solar radiation acquisition, and the vaporization of liquid H2O supplied from indoors can be repeated. In other words, the heat transfer property of liquid H2O and the phase change of H2O are utilized to create heat transfer property that is contrary to heat insulation, and enables energy transfer from indoor to outdoor. Moreover, the efficiency of the cooling energy transfer is improved in accordance with the improvement of the efficiency of the H2O transfer. Eventually, the efficiency of various functions can be increased without requiring an increase in the moisture content, and the effect of dehumidification and heat insulation can be further enhanced by the synergistic effect of these functions.

The use of air conditioners with high energy consumption and good performance contributes to energy saving. Further, at night compared to daytime, the difference from the required cooling temperature is reduced due to a decrease in temperature, and the required cooling temperature is reached with less energy consumption. In the end, the energy saving effect can be improved from the two aspects of the performance of the device or the environment in which it is used.
By the way, the use of late-night power is also planned in the hot water supply system. Specifically, hot water is made using late-night electricity. Hot water stored at midnight is used as energy for hot water supply from daytime to nighttime. Therefore, if a part of the energy required to make this hot water can be covered by using the condensed heat discharged from the air conditioner that operates for cooling and dehumidification at night, the hot water supply system with higher energy consumption efficiency. Can be built.
Conversely, while storing the energy of hot water supply at night, the cooling energy that can be generated due to the heat pump system can be used through the air conditioner. If the description is omitted, while hot water is stored using midnight power, on the other hand, cold energy generated and separated is supplied to cool the room, and at the same time, a dehumidifying effect can be obtained. Furthermore, a heat shielding effect can be obtained in the daytime.

Air conditioners that can supply energy in the form of convection heat are supplied to the air flow path in the form of convection heat energy, and are stored as latent heat in the heat storage body and housing, and can be used as cooling energy. It can be said that the apparatus is suitable for avoiding heat loss due to heat exchange. In addition, it is preferable to dispose a heat storage body that dissipates and stores heat by solidification / melting in the circulation flow path in terms of energy transfer in the form of convective heat energy. Moreover, it cools the heat storage body at night and cools it while sensing the ambient temperature in the daytime, so it supplies and uses the necessary cooling energy stably for 24 hours while using only geothermal energy and midnight power as an energy source. I can do it.
The air conditioner is preferably disposed and used in each of the ceiling space and the underfloor space. Furthermore, it is suitable when used in combination with a heat storage body.
Normally, warm air is light and easy to rise, and cold air is heavy and easy to fall. Therefore, when the air conditioner and the heat storage body are arranged in the underfloor space, the cold air is likely to stay in the underfloor space, and the force to rise in the flow path is weak. Further, since the floor surface is made of cedar board or the like having high heat insulation performance, the underfloor space is equivalent to a state where the four sides are surrounded by a heat insulating material. Therefore, it is hard to be influenced by outdoor temperature change, and the cooling from the heat storage body can be continued for a long time, and cooling energy can be supplied stably. As a result, a radiation cooling effect through the floor surface can be obtained even if the room temperature rises somewhat.

If latent heat type cold storage means can be obtained separately from the housing, the amount of cold storage can be distributed to both the housing and the heat storage body (including the heat storage layer). Therefore, the burden of cold storage on the housing can be reduced. As a result, it is possible to suppress an increase in the moisture content of the casing due to latent heat type cold storage in the casing. This opens up the path to the use of inexpensive fibrous insulation (insulation boards, etc.).
Furthermore, the air conditioner equipment can be used as a heating equipment during the winter. In addition, by using a heat storage body that refrains from the previous heat storage layer, the thermal energy supplied from the air conditioner is stored during the night, and it is used as heating energy throughout the day by radiating heat while sensing the ambient temperature during the day. it can. That is, it is possible to realize a radiant heating system with high energy consumption efficiency that uses midnight power together with natural energy of geothermal heat.
Midnight power is surplus from a social point of view and can be used at a rate of about 25% compared to the daytime rate. There is room for choice, both in terms of the balance of social energy supply and demand, as well as in reducing the burden on individual households.

In the rainy season when the sun's solar radiation time is short and the rainy day continues, or depending on the combination of heat insulating materials, it is necessary to devise in order to keep indoor humidity in a comfortable state.
In the case where the realization of the humidity of 70% or less, which is highly natural and comfortable, is used as a guideline, the target indoor environment can be realized by the humidity adjustment function based on the seasonal cycle. Specifically, the indoor humidity is constantly kept at 40 to 50% during the winter. Corresponding to the humidity, the moisture-absorbing / releasing material has its moisture content lowered by moisture release. Therefore, when the rainy season is reached, there is a residual capacity for moisture absorption in relation to the required relative humidity. Therefore, the humidity in the room, which is considered to be comfortable, can be maintained at 70% or less by the moisture absorption / release function of the housing.
只 Consider using midnight power when humidity is around 60%. At night, when the dehumidifying function of the air conditioner is activated at a set humidity of 50%, the outside air introduced into the underfloor space via the ventilator is free of excess moisture contained in the interior finishing material and structural material in the process of circulating through the circulation channel. Humidity rises due to moisture release, and the humidity can be kept around 60% by moisture absorption and release to the airtight heat insulating layer in the course of distribution.
The dehumidifying function of the air conditioner is not activated during the daytime. Similarly, the outside air introduced from the outside is conditioned in the interior finishing material / structural material constituting the flow path in the course of flowing through the flow path, and is set to a comfortable humidity when flowing into the room from the flow path. % Can be maintained. Note that the relative humidity value does not change greatly despite the increase in absolute humidity due to the difference between the temperature when dehumidifying in the underfloor space and the temperature when flowing into the room.
Furthermore, by using the moisture absorption / release function of the indoor / outdoor with the moisture absorption / release function of the airtight heat insulation layer, and the moisture absorption / release function of the structural materials and finishing materials that make up the building, midnight power can be reduced. By only operating the dehumidifying function in the available time zone, it is possible to maintain around 60% humidity for 24 hours.
In conclusion, if the dehumidifying function of the air conditioner is used when the humidity in the room cannot be maintained at 60% due to the humidity control effect due to the seasonal cycle of the housing, the target humidity control effect can be obtained with less energy consumption. Moreover, since the moisture absorption to a housing is not accelerated more than necessary, the bad influence by a moisture content rise can be prevented beforehand.

About the air circulation flow path when (I) is selected as the combination of insulation materials.
Under a climate close to a very cold region compared to a warm region, as a result of heating, the temperature difference between indoors and outdoors is severe in winter. Therefore, it is important to deal with the movement in the opposite direction to that of summer as a risk for the entry and exit of moisture through the hermetic insulation layer and the transfer of thermal energy accompanying the phase change of H2O. The air circulation path is changed between winter and summer by means of opening and closing the communication port. Thereby, the cooperation between the ceiling space isolated by the airtight heat insulating layer and the roof ventilation layer can be suitably controlled.
In winter, air flow from the ceiling space to the room is eliminated by closing the communication port that connects the room and the ceiling space. Therefore, the flow path to the ceiling space is removed from the air circulation path, and the supply of air is not promoted. Therefore, the connection between the two spaces separated by the airtight insulation layer is broken. As a result, the entry and exit of moisture between the ceiling space and the roof ventilation layer through the hermetic heat insulating layer is not promoted, and heat loss due to that is avoided.
The air circulation is performed in such a manner that the inner ventilation layer communicates with the indoor space through a communication port provided in the inner wall, and the outside air introduced by the air supply communication pipe passes through the flow path through the underfloor space and the inner ventilation layer. Furthermore, when heat energy is supplied in the underfloor space, the heat energy is transferred in the process of passing through the flow path through the underfloor space and the inner ventilation layer, and sensible heat is efficiently stored. Therefore, when heat energy is supplied from the air conditioner described in the previous section to the underfloor space, a sufficient amount of energy is stored, and a heating effect as radiant heat can be suitably obtained.
In the summer, some of the communication openings on the inner wall are closed, the communication openings on the ceiling are opened, and the space behind the ceiling, the indoor space, the inner ventilation layer, and the indoor space are communicated. Ensure a flow path through the back space. Therefore, the outside air introduced by the air supply communication pipe passes through the flow path through the underfloor space, the inner ventilation layer, and the ceiling space. Therefore, the cooperation between the ceiling space isolated by the airtight heat insulating layer and the roof ventilation layer is secured and promoted. And the humidity which distribute | circulates a flow path is discharge | released to a roof ventilation layer through an airtight heat insulation layer by the function of the mechanism which accelerates | stimulates cooperation of two isolated spaces.

Risk management when (b) is selected for the combination of insulation materials.
The air circulation is considered in the same way as in the previous section, and a selection is made according to the seasonal change of whether the ceiling space is incorporated into the flow path or removed from the flow path.
By the way, the wall body excluding the north side has two layers of heat insulating materials, and is formed into a three-layer structure with a moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet, and the outside thereof is a heat insulating material having a moisture absorbing / releasing function. In this case, the outer heat insulating material is cooled by the cold air brought by the outside air in winter. It is possible to absorb this cold air by the phase change of H 2 O held by the heat insulating material. In other words, cold air is absorbed by utilizing the action of heat of condensation generated during the phase change of liquefaction. Therefore, the coldness of the outside air is alleviated.
During the daytime, the wall surface is warmed by solar radiation and the relative humidity in the outer ventilation layer decreases. Furthermore, the kinetic energy necessary for the phase change of vaporization is acquired even in the winter, and moisture release from the wall body is promoted through vaporization / expansion and moisture conduction in the heat insulating material. This daytime work is positioned as a preparation to absorb the cool air at night.
Considering the action of this heat of condensation, the actual heat insulation performance of the heat insulating material has a performance equal to or higher than the value represented by the numerical value called the heat transmissivity. Therefore, heat loss through the outer wall due to cold air at night can be reduced. Furthermore, H2O liquefied by outdoor cold does not permeate the moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet. Therefore, even if warm air is supplied to the indoor circulation flow path, heat loss through the inner ventilation layer is not amplified. This is advantageous when realizing a radiant heating effect. However, this must be adopted with reference to the regional climatic characteristics.

When selecting the combination of the heat insulation materials (2) or (2) above, nature-oriented housing selection is one of the criteria. Therefore, we would like to explore the possibility of utilizing solar thermal energy as a source of thermal energy to obtain the radiant heating effect. Specifically, solar heating energy related to solar radiation acquisition obtained through windows secures heating energy required during the daytime, or solar thermal energy poured into the roof surface is collected by known simple means, such as underfloor space The heat is stored in the heat storage body disposed in the flow path. And by the phase change of solidification and melting of the heat storage material constituting the heat storage body, heat is dissipated in accordance with the temperature change around the sunset, and the heating energy after sunset is supplied.
By the way, solar heat radiated on the roof surface collects heat in the space under the roof ridge through the roof ventilation layer. And it connects directly with a heat exchange type exhaust fan, and sends the air warmed to the underfloor space by the ventilation capability. And radiant heating is realizable by the sensible heat effect in the process which distribute | circulates a circulation flow path.
The advantage of this method is that it does not create a double burden, either on the device or on the drive energy, because the ventilation system of the ventilation system can be utilized. At this time, the heat exchange function of the ventilation fan is stopped. The warm air collected on the roof surface is appropriately filtered to remove dust, insects, etc., and then introduced into the underfloor space and flows into the room via the circulation channel.

A heat storage body that can utilize the phase change of solidification / melting for cold storage (warming) and cooling (warm) provides both means for storing and discharging heat and storing and radiating heat depending on the temperature setting of the phase change.
If the solidification / melting temperature can be set in the temperature range from 21 ° C to around 23 ° C, energy storage / cooling / dissipating / dissipating energy required for radiant cooling in summer and radiant heating in winter will be possible in the combination of midnight power and air conditioner. Means can be suitably provided. The geothermal heat supplied through the heat storage layer can also be used effectively.
When heat energy is secured by solar radiation acquisition in winter from the nature orientation, the temperature of solidification / melting is slightly wider, and if it is set at 19 ° C to 23 ° C, solar heat can be stored and used appropriately. Specifically, after sunset, heat is radiated from the heat storage body according to the ambient temperature, and heat energy is supplied to the underfloor space. And radiant heating is realizable by the sensible heat storage effect in the process which distribute | circulates a circulation flow path.

Now, in order to maintain the high energy consumption efficiency (COP) of the heat pump air conditioner during the winter season in a cold region, it is necessary to devise.
The numerical value of COP of the air conditioner indicates the energy consumption efficiency under the conditions of an indoor temperature of 20 ° C. and an outdoor temperature of 7 ° C. during heating. Thus, the energy consumption efficiency decreases under conditions where the outdoor temperature is below 7 ° C. In other words, the attractiveness of the heat pump air conditioner is reduced. Therefore, in order to make a heat pump air conditioner attractive even in cold regions, a device that can maintain high efficiency while avoiding a decrease in energy consumption efficiency is required. Specifically, the heat energy discharged together with the air released to the outside when the 24-hour ventilation system is driven is collected using the outdoor unit of the air conditioner. By adding the above devices, it is possible to mitigate a decrease in energy consumption efficiency that occurs when the heat pump air conditioner is used in a cold region.

The outer wall according to claim 1 generally uses siding, but may be spray-coated or tiled on the mortar base. None of the materials is used as a heat insulating material, but has a heat shielding function utilizing the cooperation between moisture absorption / release and the phase change of H 2 O.
The heat insulation panel according to claims 1 and 2 may be a panel having structural strength.
In general, bracing is installed between columns and between columns and girders to form a structural bearing wall, but to eliminate the bracing necessary to form the structural bearing wall and to make the structural body visible Is preferred.
As an example of the combined use with the structural load-bearing wall, it is possible to serve as a heat insulating material that has structural strength (seismic resistance) and has moisture absorption and desorption properties by making a cedar plate.
Furthermore, it is possible to improve the heat insulation / dehumidification performance in summer and further improve the heat insulation performance in winter by using a three-layer structure in combination with itakura structure, moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet and earth wall.
A structural plywood may be used as the structural load-bearing panel. Insulation is affixed only on the indoor side of the plywood or on both the indoor and outdoor sides. Moreover, if it sticks on the outdoor side as additional heat insulation, heat insulation performance will improve. An airtight waterproof sheet is stretched outside the structural plywood.
The heat insulation panel of Claim 3 can serve as the interior material of the ceiling of a roof part as a finishing material. For example, if a moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet / calcium silicate material is laminated on a cedar thick plate material, it can also serve as an interior material. It can also serve as a rafter structure. (Refer FIG. 5) Similarly, a heat insulation panel can serve as the interior material of an inner wall about a wall part. (Refer to FIG. 10) This is a so-called “in-place” interior method for the roof and the wall.
By the way, when the heat insulating panel is used as a base material and a structural material such as a pillar is “exposed”, a so-called true wall, a paper cloth can be directly laminated on the heat insulating panel, or a diatomaceous earth finish. Alternatively, when a plaster board is used, it can serve as a heat insulating material and an interior base material, and can be laminated and finished with paper cloth or diatomaceous earth finish.
In relation to the hermetic heat insulating layer according to claim 6, in a low-latitude and warm region, heat insulation and dehumidification in the summer are emphasized, and the airtight heat insulating layer of the northern roof also has moisture absorption and desorption properties. Use wood.
The energy supply means according to claim 10 can take a method of dissipating heat collected on the roof surface to the underfloor space by a known method when using solar thermal energy. On the other hand, hot water can be made from solar thermal energy, temporarily stored outside the building, and supplied to the building when needed. Then, a known method is used to directly radiate heat to the under-floor space or to store heat by heat exchange through a pipe embedded in the foundation soil concrete. In addition, you may use kerosene, gas, and midnight electric power as an energy source of hot water storage.
Concerning the building ventilation opening. The building ventilation port and the blower fan may be integrated. In that case, the space under the roof ridge, the blower fan, and the ventilation hole under the roof ridge need not be provided separately.
You may arrange | position the heat insulation layer of the back of a ceiling of Claim 12 so that it may get on a girder and a beam, as shown in FIG. In that case, a space such as an attic space is provided between the heat insulation layer and the roof ventilation layer. In order not to mix the air in the attic space and the air in the roof ventilation layer, an exhaust port that can be directly exhausted from the attic space to the outside is provided so as to be separated from each other. Further, an exhaust fan can be connected to the exhaust port to increase the exhaust efficiency. The cabin space and the outer ventilation layer can communicate with each other to communicate with the outside air, or can independently communicate with the outside air.

There is nothing better than radiant cooling or radiant heating in the comparison of comfort, health effects, resuscitation, etc. Therefore, while taking into account regional climate characteristics, combination of heat insulating materials, energy saving, heat island control, moisture content management, reduction of dehumidification load, etc., we realized the effective functions of radiation cooling and radiation heating in summer and winter. It is implemented in a suitable combination of solar thermal energy, midnight power, HP air conditioner, latent heat type heat storage body, concrete between foundation soil, underground energy supply means, and heat storage means.
Any combination of heat insulating materials can be selected. Regardless of regional climatic characteristics, the difference is absorbed by the operation method of the energy supply means. In order to avoid heat loss in the winter through the airtight heat insulating layer, the right embodiment can be suitably implemented from a cold region to a warm region by utilizing the outer ventilation layer as a heat insulating air layer described later.
The temperature range of phase change (solidification / melting) of the latent heat type heat accumulator is set around 21 ° C to 23 ° C.
In summer, the temperature at which cooling energy is discharged from the nighttime air conditioner into the flow path such as the underfloor space is 21 ° C. or less in consideration of the freezing point. During the daytime, a temperature equivalent to the melting point of 23 ° C. can be maintained in the underfloor space by transferring energy from the heat storage body. Further, since cooling energy is continuously supplied from the ground constituting the heat storage layer, the ratio depending on the energy supply source such as an air conditioner is small. That leads to energy saving. Moreover, geothermal energy not only brings about energy-saving effects, but also contributes to the prevention of heat islands by being used in a system that makes solar heat energy latent heat by applying heat transfer created by heat-insulating materials that absorb and release moisture. To do.
In winter, it is discharged from the air conditioner at night with a melting point of 23 ° C. or higher, and the same temperature is maintained in the space under the floor. During the daytime, a temperature of about 21 ° C. is maintained in the underfloor space due to energy transfer from the heat storage body.
The above-mentioned solidification / melting temperature is too low as a cooling temperature when the cooling / heating method depends solely on the realization of a thermal environment by convection heat energy, and is particularly unsuitable for nighttime cooling energy supply. However, the situation changes if convective heat energy is converted to radiant heat energy and depends on a radiant cooling and heating method.

In summer, the air kept between 22 ° C and 23 ° C in the flow path of the underfloor space, etc., flows through the air flow path from the inner ventilation layer to the ceiling space, and the structure of the inner wall finishing material, columns, etc. Cold storage in the frame of materials and insulation. The convective heat energy after the energy is transferred to the housing will change to a temperature that is gentle to human skin, realizing a suitable thermal environment that is neither too hot nor too cold.
In summer, the biggest factor that hinders the flow of cold air through the passages in buildings is radiant heat generated by the heat storage effect of daytime solar heat. Therefore, suppressing generation of radiant heat is a major issue. By the way, as a heat shield measure, heat insulating material with moisture absorption and desorption function is used, and structural materials and finishing materials are also equipped with moisture absorption and desorption function, so that kinetic energy is acquired from solar heat and H2O phase changes. When vaporizing, the generation of radiant heat is suppressed. Therefore, the air flow path can maintain a suitable state.
Cooling energy supplied through the energy supply means or heat storage means in the underfloor space / ceiling space cools the enclosure in the process of flowing through the air flow path, while the enclosure absorbs moisture in the air and changes phase. Condensation heat is generated during the liquefaction process. That is, the temperature change on the surface does not occur due to the latent heat type cold storage effect. Thus, temperature changes due to convective heat energy are minimized. Moreover, when performing latent heat cold storage on the housing, moisture in the circulation channel is absorbed on the other hand. Thus, when air flows from the circulation channel into the indoor space through the communication port, the relative humidity decreases.
Through architectural ingenuity, a channel that communicates with the underfloor space, inner ventilation layer, and ceiling space is secured, and cold storage (sensible heat) is stored in the housing during the flow through the channel to convert convective heat energy to radiant heat energy Forming a mechanism. By converting a part of the convective heat energy into radiant heat energy, it contributes to the realization of a suitable environment in terms of room temperature. Further, convective heat energy is absorbed by latent heat type cold storage such as a heat insulating material having a moisture absorption / release function. Furthermore, energy transfer to the outside also occurs due to heat loss in the process of flowing through the flow path. Eventually, the air kept at 22 ° C to 23 ° C in the underfloor space transfers energy in various ways in the process of flowing through the previous flow path through the air circulation system, and forms room temperature in the form of convective heat energy. Realizes a suitable environment of 25 ° C. to 26 ° C.

The technology of radiant heating is a well-known technology, but it is in the process of spreading nationwide. The core of the technology is to ensure high airtightness with high construction skills. In terms of design, it is possible to achieve high airtightness performance and heat insulation performance according to regional characteristics by making the heat insulating material a two-layer structure. By adding design ingenuity to construction skills, high performance with a C value of 0.5 or less and a Q value of 1.8 or less can be realized. Furthermore, at the design stage, through architectural ingenuity and opening and closing of the communication port, a channel that communicates with the interior from the underfloor space and the inner ventilation layer is secured, and heat is stored in the housing during the course of the channel, and convection heat energy is saved. Forms a mechanism to efficiently convert to radiant heat energy. By converting a part of the convective heat energy into radiant heat energy, it contributes to the realization of a suitable environment in terms of room temperature.
Utilizing the thermal energy supplied from air conditioners with high energy consumption efficiency by daytime solar thermal energy or late-night power, a favorable environment is realized through 24 hours.
A part of the thermal energy secured by the above means is stored in a heat storage layer composed of a latent heat type heat storage body, foundation concrete, and underground. Therefore, even if thermal energy is not continuously supplied, when the temperature of the underfloor space decreases, the heat is dissipated through the heat storage body, and a constant temperature is maintained. Here, the latent heat type heat accumulator with the solidification / melting temperature set between 21 ° C and 23 ° C repeats the heat storage and heat release in the underfloor space without the help of the temperature sensor, for the stable supply of heat energy. To contribute.

In winter, air kept between 21 ° C. and 23 ° C. in the underfloor space circulates in the winter passage by the air circulation system.
When the air kept at 23 ° C. in the underfloor space at night flows into the room through the communication port due to heat loss that is stored in the frame or transferred to the outside during the flow through the flow path, Hold around ℃.
During the daytime, the air maintained at 21 ° C in the underfloor space is reduced in temperature when flowing into the room through the communication port due to heat loss in the process of circulating through the flow path due to heat storage in the frame or energy transfer to the outside. There is also solar solar radiation acquisition, and it does not drop to room temperature 20 ° C. Rather, attention should be paid to the rise in room temperature due to solar radiation.
With the above effects, the room temperature can be constantly kept around 20 ° C. regardless of the temperature of the outside air. A room temperature of 20 ° C. is not necessarily warm if it is mainly composed of convection heat energy. However, the feature of radiant heating is that convective heat energy is converted into radiant heat energy, so that the radiant heat energy is transmitted to the interior (cell level) of the person who lives directly regardless of the room temperature. If conditions are in place, radiant heat energy can be received from the six sides of the floor, wall, and ceiling. It can be said that it is an advantage of the radiant heating method that a suitable environment warm at room temperature of 20 ° C. can be realized.
As the combination of the heat insulating materials, either (b), (c) or (b) may be selected in consideration of the local climatic characteristics.

When the system according to claims 3 to 16 is used in a cold region, it is possible to obtain a suitable living environment while suppressing running costs by using the system considering its climatic characteristics.
In summer, even in cold regions, daytime temperatures are not as noticeable as in warm regions.れ ば If it is limited to the night, the decrease in the outside air temperature is remarkable compared to the warm area. Therefore, the cold air at night is used to absorb solar thermal energy that is acquired by solar radiation in the daytime.
Incorporate outside air whose temperature has dropped due to a ventilation system. The energy of radiation cooling is taken in, the cooling energy is supplied to the airtight heat insulating layer in the process of circulating through the circulation flow path, and the latent heat is stored. And cooperation with the phase change of H2O and a moisture absorption / release function can be promoted by absorption of solar thermal energy acquired by solar radiation, and can be used for heat insulation and dehumidification in the daytime. The combination of geothermal heat and radiant cooling energy supplied on the outdoor side, due to the magnitude of the temperature drop at night, can provide sufficient heat insulation and dehumidification effects during the day.
In winter, it is possible to achieve the effect of radiant heating using midnight power. However, the energy consumption efficiency of air conditioners generally decreases in cold regions. So consider alternative means of supplying energy. For example, a boiler using kerosene is used. In that case, a boiler is installed under the floor to use the circulation system. The air heated under the floor flows through a circulation channel for winter, supplies heat energy, and can use radiant heat after energy conversion.
Unlike the summer season, the air circulation channel in the winter season is constructed by excluding the ceiling space from the communicating space. Therefore, it is possible to prevent an increase in heat loss through the hermetic heat insulating layer separating the ceiling space and the roof ventilation layer.
Either (A), (B) or (C) can be adopted as the combination of the heat insulating materials. In addition, the ventilation | gas_flowing from the lower end to an outer side ventilation layer supplies the cooling energy which causes a heat loss continuously. Therefore, if an on-off valve for preventing air inflow is provided in the outer ventilation layer as a means for preventing heat loss, the ventilation layer serves as a heat insulating air layer, which is effective in improving the heat insulating performance.
In addition, in the case of cold district specifications, a heat insulating material is laid on the entire lower surface of the foundation soil concrete. The effect is expressed when avoiding heat loss to the ground in winter and increasing the effect of underfloor radiant heating.只, geothermal use is impossible. Therefore, in summer, only radiant cooling energy is sufficient, which is suitable when geothermal use is not required.

Claims 17 to 23.
The heat insulating material used for the heat insulating layer can be selected from synthetic resin-based (polystyrene, polyurethane, etc.), fiber-based (glass wool / rock wool), and mineral-based (silicate calcium silicate) board-like heat insulating materials. In addition, the presence or absence of moisture absorption / release is not questioned. The heat insulating material is a single layer or two layers, and a heat insulating layer is formed by appropriately using a moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet and a moistureproof sheet. Or it comprises using the heat insulation panel of Claim 1 * 2.
As the interior material used for the inner wall / ceiling, a material having a high ratio of the moisture absorption / release and the phase change of H2O is used. Specifically, a plate material mainly composed of calcium silicate (such as tylite wood) is suitable. . Alternatively, a paper cloth stretch or diatomaceous earth finish having moisture absorption / release properties on the plaster board substrate can be used. In any case, a thickness of about 9 mm to 12 mm is preferable from the viewpoint of cost effectiveness.
As the interior material used for the floor, a material having a low ratio of cooperation between moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change is used. Specifically, solid board materials such as cedar and straw are suitable. Alternatively, plywood that can transmit moisture may be used. The thickness is preferably about 30 mm for a solid plate material and 12 mm thick for a plywood sheet so that it can withstand heavy objects.
Compared to the floor area, the ceiling area is about 1.4 times, the area of the inner wall facing the heat insulating layer / inner ventilation layer on the outdoor side is about 1.6 times, and the total is about 3 times. This is the area of the inner wall / ceiling facing the heat insulation layer. Therefore, if the moisture absorption from the room is simply considered, it reaches three times the moisture absorption from under the floor. This is the reason why an indoor dehumidifying effect can be obtained as a result even if a moisture absorbing / releasing material having low moisture conduction efficiency is used.
Of the interior materials used for inner walls and ceilings, moisture absorbent materials that have a high ratio of moisture absorption and release and H2O phase change can be used for all interior walls and ceiling interior materials in terms of dehumidification load management. Without any problem, the efficiency of moisture discharge from the room is increased. However, considering the aspect of moisture content management, in order to stably supply the kinetic energy necessary for vaporization and moisture release by means other than ventilation, facing the heat insulation layer that can acquire solar heat energy, It is limited to the ceiling from which radiant heat can be obtained and the inner wall on the east-west side. These are the upper limits of the area and range to be used. That is, if priority is given to moisture content management, the inner wall including the partition wall other than the inner wall on the east / west / south side where radiant heat can be obtained uses an interior material that does not have moisture absorption / release properties. If moisture absorbing / releasing material with a low ratio of moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change is used instead of interior material that does not have moisture absorbing / releasing properties, it does not contribute to the formation of the moisture discharge path, and dehumidification load management The counter effect is expressed from above.
On the other hand, in forming the moisture discharge path according to claim 17, a moisture absorbing / releasing material having a low ratio of coordination between moisture absorbing / releasing and H 2 O phase change is used for the flooring, and the interior material of the inner wall / ceiling is used. If a moisture absorbing / releasing material having a high ratio of cooperation between moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change is used, the purpose can be achieved. Moreover, even if interior materials that do not absorb moisture are used for the interior materials of the inner walls and ceilings, moisture absorption and desorption with a high ratio of the relationship between moisture absorption and release and phase change of H2O is applied to some of the interior materials of the inner walls and ceilings. The purpose can be fulfilled by using wood.只 In order to increase the efficiency of moisture discharge to the outdoors and respond to the problem of dehumidification load management, the inner wall is more than the area of the moisture absorbing / releasing material with a low ratio of moisture absorption / desorption to the floor and the phase change of H2O. -Ensure a wide construction area for the moisture absorbing / releasing material that has a high ratio of cooperation between the moisture absorbing / releasing material used for ceiling interior materials and the phase change of H2O.
Now, the influence of radiant heat through the heat insulation layer on the north side where solar heat cannot be acquired by solar radiation is scarce, and vaporization and moisture release using radiant heat cannot be expected. In addition, warm air can be used regardless of whether it is east, west, south, or north, but it is a weak source of kinetic energy because it receives cold air from geothermal heat beneath the floor during ventilation. Therefore, it is better to use the interior material used on the north side that does not have moisture absorption and desorption. Vinyl cloth on the base of the plaster board does not have moisture absorption / release properties on the indoor side, and has moisture absorption / release properties on the inner ventilation layer side. is there. The same applies to the partition wall between the rooms, and it does not face the heat insulating layer, and the influence of radiant heat cannot be expected. Therefore, from the viewpoint of dehumidifying load management and moisture content management, interior materials that do not have moisture absorption / release properties are used.
The ceiling shown in FIG. 3 is constructed along the roof slope, but as shown in FIG.

In summer, the underfloor ventilation opening and the second building ventilation opening will be opened to allow air to flow in the flow path formed by the communicating underfloor space, inner ventilation layer, ceiling back space, and underbuilding space. Since the interior material used for the inner wall and ceiling has a high ratio of the relationship between moisture absorption and release and H2O phase change, it can absorb cold energy and moisture from the outside air cooled by radiation cooling. The air that released moisture along with the cold energy becomes lighter, rises and is discharged to the outside through the ventilation holes under the second building. The liquefied and absorbed H 2 O is vaporized and dehumidified in the inner ventilation layer during the next day without moving to the indoor side. The energy of this vaporization and moisture release into the inner ventilation layer is the energy of air having an air temperature of 30 degrees, and is the radiant heat that reaches the interior material from solar thermal energy acquired by solar radiation in the heat insulating layer.
When the blower fan is operated, the ventilation opening under the second building is closed, and first it operates both day and night. At night, the rising force of air is weak due to the effect of radiative cooling. If it is cooled by the effect of geothermal heat through the underfloor space, the air becomes heavier and has no ascending power. Therefore, if the lifting force is obtained with the help of the blower fan, the air is lightened by moisture absorption and cooling to the interior material in the process of rising inside the inner ventilation layer, and is easily discharged to the outside from the communication port. In cold districts such as Shinshu, the outdoor temperature at summertime is drastically reduced, and a cooling effect can be obtained without using an air conditioner. On the other hand, in a warm and humid area, the temperature drop at night is too slow and it is difficult to spend comfortably. In any case, most of the energy of nighttime geothermal and radiative cooling is consumed to absorb the condensed heat, and it is difficult to expect an indoor cooling effect. On the other hand, in the daytime, heat shielding effect can be expected by vaporization and moisture release, and it can be expected to be more or less effective in suppressing the rise in indoor temperature.

Two discharge channels can be secured for exhausting moisture from the communicating underfloor space and inner ventilation layer to the outside of the building through the ventilation openings. The first is that the floor material permeates through the floor floor and flows into the room, the interior wall and ceiling interior material from the room flows into the inner ventilation layer, and the building from the ceiling back space and the second building vent This is a discharge path that is discharged outside. Although the amount is small, the floor material used has a low ratio of moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change, and the direction of moisture absorption / release due to the relationship between moisture content, equilibrium moisture content, and relative humidity. Is determined. The second is a discharge path that is discharged from the underfloor space through the inner ventilation layer to the outside of the building from the ceiling back space and the second building lower ventilation opening. The work of these two discharge channels is great. Moisture that tends to stay in the underfloor space is discharged by the relationship of relative humidity, moisture content, and equilibrium moisture content in addition to ventilation, and the occurrence of condensation in the underfloor space can be suppressed. Moreover, if moisture absorbing / releasing material (floor material) with low moisture conductivity is used, more moisture than the amount of moisture that permeates into the room through the floor passes through the inner wall / ceiling interior material to the inner ventilation layer / ceiling space / building. It is discharged from the lower vent to the outside of the building and does not increase the indoor dehumidification load. The two discharge paths can be formed by utilizing condensation = liquefaction as an action. Not only the reverse logic but also the difficulty of configuring the invention specific matters. In addition, when dehumidifying a room using an air conditioner, the moisture discharge path from the underfloor space increases.
When operating the second blower fan, close the second building lower ventilation opening. Therefore, the discharge path is replaced from the second building lower ventilation port to the second building lower communication port.
The thickness of the cedar board used for the flooring reaches 30 mm. Usually, the range in which moisture can be absorbed or released within one day is about 2 mm in depth. Therefore, it takes 15 days to penetrate even if moisture always flows in one side. Compared to the mode of penetration seen in the interior materials of the inner walls and ceiling, it is remarkably slow. It can be said that the influence on the humidity control in the room is small. Nevertheless, the effect of absorbing moisture from the underfloor space is great from the viewpoint of preventing condensation.

When the air conditioner is operated indoors for dehumidification and cooling, the indoor relative humidity is lower than the relative humidity in the inner ventilation layer. In that case, if an interior material with a low ratio of moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change is used, moisture cannot be absorbed from the room to the interior material. Further, a backflow of moisture is generated from the inner ventilation layer into the room. In order to prevent moisture permeation into the backflow chamber, a material that promotes liquefaction at the time of moisture absorption and has a high cooperation ratio between moisture absorption and release that can be absorbed in a liquid state and phase change of H 2 O is used. Unlike gaseous H2O, liquid H2O is not limited in the direction of movement by the relationship between relative humidity, moisture content, and equilibrium moisture content, and is affected by the acquisition of thermal energy that induces vaporization. Specifically, thermal energy is obtained in the form of convection heat and radiant heat originating from daytime solar thermal energy, and vaporized and dehumidified in the inner ventilation layer. By finally releasing moisture outside the building, the backflow of moisture into the room is prevented.
After all, when dehumidifying using an air conditioner, it not only dehumidifies in terms of function, but also generates and supplies cold air. The moisture absorbing / releasing material can absorb moisture from the room having a low relative humidity when the cold air is absorbed latently. Therefore, the dehumidifying load of the air conditioner does not increase and is reduced. That is, without increasing the dehumidifying load of the air conditioner, three different moisture discharge paths are secured and dehumidification of the underfloor space is achieved.
By the way, another point of view is added as to whether H 2 O absorbed by liquefaction is conducted and released to the inner ventilation layer. That is, it is a problem related to the problem of moisture conduction efficiency. As a factor that promotes conduction, there is a large force for vaporizing and expanding by obtaining kinetic energy from radiant heat and convective heat derived from solar heat. However, not only that, the role of the blower fan is great.
The blower fan can be operated day and night, but can operate only during the daytime, and when it is not operated at night, the moisture conduction efficiency (from the room to the inner ventilation layer) can be improved. So, through liquefaction, it absorbs moisture from the room where the relative humidity is low day and night, absorbs the heat energy during the day and improves the rate of vaporization and dehumidification to the inner ventilation layer where the relative humidity is high. The moisture conductivity can be improved. See section 0077. This leads to an improvement in the efficiency of moisture absorption (dehumidification) from the room, reduces the dehumidification load of the air conditioner, and as a result, reduces the generation of condensation heat and suppresses the heat island.

When solid boards such as cedar boards are used for interior and ceiling interior materials as moisture absorbing / releasing material with a low ratio of moisture absorption / release and phase change of H2O, moisture absorption / release and phase change of H2O for the base material Use moisture absorbing / releasing plate material with a high ratio of cooperation, and lay it on the indoor side of the structural base material of columns and studs. The base plate is preferably a plate material composed mainly of silicate calcium. If you don't have a budget, you can replace it with a plasterboard. As a result, the air conditioner is used to cool and dehumidify the room, and even if the relative humidity in the room is lower than the relative humidity in the inner ventilation layer, the interior of the inner ventilation layer through the interior material of the inner wall and ceiling can be used to enter the room. It can contribute to the prevention of moisture penetration (backflow).
After all, as a function, the function and effect of absorbing moisture from the B surface and releasing it to the B surface (divergence between the moisture content and the equilibrium moisture content). Action and effect of absorbing moisture from side B and releasing moisture from side A after conduction of moisture (creation of heat conductivity contrary to heat insulation). Action and effect of absorbing moisture from surface A and releasing moisture from surface A (improvement of heat insulation performance in winter by suppressing energy transfer using a waterproof sheet). The above three actions and effects can be realized, and further, the action of absorbing moisture from the A surface and releasing moisture from the B surface after the conduction of moisture can be suppressed.
Further, when the air conditioner is operated using midnight power to cool and dehumidify the room, the room can be efficiently dehumidified while preventing the reverse flow of moisture. Therefore, the relative humidity in the room is lowered so as to release moisture from the moisture absorbing / releasing material stretched on the surface. As a result, the moisture content of the moisture absorbing / releasing material stretched on the surface decreases. Therefore, even without dehumidification by an air conditioner in the daytime, the interior material can absorb moisture and dehumidify from the room, and the relative humidity in the room can be kept at 70% or less. This effect can be realized more effectively when a moisture-permeable windproof waterproof sheet is sandwiched between two types of moisture-absorbing / releasing materials. In other words, daytime humidity control using midnight power can be implemented as a system. In addition, a heat shielding effect utilizing radiant cooling can be obtained at the same time.
During the winter, the ventilation holes under the second building and under-floor ventilation will be closed and utilized as an airtight house to increase heating efficiency. A comfortable indoor environment can be realized while practicing energy conservation not only in summer but also in winter.

It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows embodiment of this invention. FIG. 4 is a detailed oblique sectional view of a wall of the building shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3. It is a schematic sectional drawing of a roof body and a wall body. It is a schematic sectional drawing of a roof body. It is a schematic sectional drawing of a roof body. It is a schematic sectional drawing of a roof body. It is a plane schematic sectional drawing of a wall body. It is a plane schematic sectional drawing which shows the appearance of a wall body. It is a plane schematic sectional drawing of a wall body. It is a plane schematic sectional drawing of a wall body. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the Example of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1. Ventilation vent 1. Roof 3. 3. Roof ventilation layer Field plate 5. Rafter 6. Rafter holder 7. Heat insulation material A 8. 8. Airtight insulation layer Outer ventilation layer 10. Airtight material 11. Basic 12. Digit 13. Pillar 14 Foundation 15. Inner wall 16. Cedar board material 17. Real 18. Insulation B
19. Trunk edge receiver 20. Communication port 21. Trunk edge 22. Outer wall 23. Basic top 24. Bond hardware 25. Bonding hardware 26. Inlet 27. Heat exchange type ventilation fan 28. Breathable windproof tarpaulin 29. Inner ventilation layer 30. Floor 31. Underfloor space 32.1000MM 33.15MM
34.910MM 35. Notch 36. Underground 37. Ceiling space 38. Ventilation opening under the ridge 39. Space under roof ridge 40. Sub-building communication port 41. Blower fan 42. Air supply communication pipe 43. Ventilation opening under second building 44. Underfloor ventilation 45. Heat storage body 46. Second building lower entrance 47. Second blower fan 48. Air conditioner 49. Indoor space 50. Ceiling 51. Exhaust communication pipe 52. Foundation soil concrete 53. Hut space

The second configuration is a heat insulating panel that is composed of a heat insulating material having moisture absorption and desorption properties, has structural strength, and constitutes a roof or wall of a building. A heat insulation panel characterized by a three-layer structure in which a heat insulating material with a low cooperation ratio, a moisture-permeable windproof waterproof sheet, and a heat insulating material with a high cooperation ratio between moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change are superimposed.

The structure of the second reference is composed of the structural members of the foundation, foundation, pillars, girders, beams that structurally support the building shown in FIG . 1 or FIG. 2 and the roof body / wall body provided with the roof / outer wall / insulation layer, The interior walls, floors, and ceilings constitute the interior space, have structural strength, and the heat insulation layer that constitutes the roof body is composed of a heat insulating material with moisture absorption and desorption. It is opened to the outside air by the building ventilation port or the building ventilation port with a blower fan, or the blower fan and the communication port under the building, and the outside air is introduced from outside the building and the air circulated inside the building is discharged outside the building. The building has ventilation means including ventilation, is waterproof, is exposed to geothermal / radiant cooling energy, summer warm air , and solar heat solar radiation. It is composed of the described heat insulation panel and sucked into the indoor side. Wet and using the ratio of low insulation coordination between the phase change of H2O, among the heat insulating layer, heat-insulating layer having a moisture sorption, the sorption insulation mediating phase change in H2O a (liquefaction and vaporization) It absorbs and cools by the moisture function, evaporates and evaporates at room temperature in the daytime in summer, discharges it to the outside, and the heat insulation layer excluding the north side absorbs solar thermal energy acquired by solar radiation and absorbs the latent heat of moisture Eco-housing which is characterized that you exhausted to the outdoors confined to the form.

The fifth configuration uses a moisture absorbing / releasing material having a low ratio of moisture absorption / desorption and H2O phase change for the flooring material, absorbs moisture from the space under the floor, permeates the flooring material, and releases moisture to the indoor space. 5. The eco-house according to claim 3 , wherein a moisture discharge path that can be discharged from an indoor space to the outside via a heat insulating layer is formed.

The sixth configuration is that the heat insulation layer facing the north side where solar thermal energy cannot be obtained by solar radiation is composed of a heat insulating material, a moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet, and a moisture absorbing / releasing moisture and H2O with a low ratio of moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change . a three-layer structure in the proportion of low insulation coordination between the phase change, or, according to any one of claims of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that of insulating material having no hygroscopicity Eco house.

In the seventh configuration, the heat insulating layer of the wall body has moisture absorption / release properties on the outdoor side, and the heat insulation layer composed of a heat insulating material having a high ratio of moisture absorption / release and H2O has moisture absorption / release properties. It has a three-layer structure consisting of a heat insulating material that does not absorb or absorb moisture, a moisture-permeable windproof waterproof sheet, and a heat insulating material that absorbs and releases moisture. The eco-housing according to any one of claims 3 to 5, which absorbs cold air.

In the eighth configuration, the heat insulating layer formed of the heat insulating panel according to claim 1 or 2 serves as the inner wall among the heat insulating layers of the wall body, or is laminated on the inner wall material, or has a gap between the inner wall and the inner wall. In the interior material of the inner wall, the function of the moisture absorption and desorption material with a low ratio of cooperation between the moisture absorption and desorption to be used and the phase change of H2O is combined. The eco-house according to any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein a moisture discharge path that can be discharged outdoors is formed.

The ninth configuration is a heat insulating panel having a low ratio of cooperation between moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change and a moisture-permeable windproof waterproof sheet and a heat insulation with a low ratio of cooperation between moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change. The eco-house according to any one of claims 3 to 8, wherein the eco-house is replaced with a three-layer laminated structure with a material.

In the configuration of the first basket, the underfloor space and the inner ventilation layer communicate with each other to form an air flow path, and the inner ventilation layer and each living room communicate with each other through the communication port of the inner wall.
The outside of the building and each room are connected by an exhaust communication pipe connected to an openable and closable inlet, and the outside of the building and the underfloor space are connected by an air supply communication pipe.
The exhaust communication pipe and the supply communication pipe communicate with a heat exchange type exhaust fan having a blowing function,
The outside air is taken into the underfloor space through the air supply communication pipe, and the air flowing into each room through the inner ventilation layer and the communication port is changed in the indoor air circulation in winter and summer, so that warm air is kept indoors in summer. The eco-house according to any one of claims 3 to 9, further comprising a ventilation / ventilating means that can be discharged out of the building through an exhaust communication pipe connected to an uppermost air inlet of the blow-off portion.

The configuration of the first culvert is characterized in that an air conditioner with a dehumidifying function (HP air conditioner or HP hot water supply air conditioner ) is installed in the underfloor space. Eco house.

Configuration of the Ichi Jitsu弐is indoors side of the heat insulating layer of the roof of the building, or indoors side of the attic space, a heat insulating layer of a building shown in FIG. 13, the ceiling which is defined between the indoor space by the ceiling A space is provided, and the moisture absorption and desorption material, which has a low ratio of cooperation between the moisture absorption and desorption to be used and the phase change of H2O, is combined with the interior material of the ceiling , the ceiling interior material , the space behind the ceiling, and heat insulation. The eco-housing according to any one of claims 3 to 9, wherein a moisture discharge path that can be discharged to the outside through a layer is formed.

Configuration of the Ichi Jitsusan is underfloor space and inner ventilation layer and the ceiling space of the building communicates, communicates the communication port and any indoor space of the inner vent layer or ceiling space, the communication port It can be opened and closed in summer and winter, the outside of the building and the indoor space are connected by an exhaust communication pipe, the outside of the building and the underfloor space are connected by an air supply communication pipe, and the exhaust communication pipe and the air supply communication The pipe communicates with a total heat exchange type exhaust fan having a blowing function, and one end of the exhaust communication pipe is connected to each room including a toilet, a bathroom, and a closet to exhaust outside the building, and through the air supply communication pipe By taking in the outside air, the inner wall interior material, the inner ventilation layer and the heat insulation layer from the interior space by the action of the moisture absorption and desorption material of the inner wall interior material, which has a low ratio of cooperation between the moisture absorption and desorption and the phase change of H2O. It is characterized by forming a moisture discharge path that can be discharged outdoors via Eco-housing of claim 12 that.

The eco-housing according to claim 12 , wherein the configuration of No. 4 is using an air conditioner with a dehumidifying function (HP type air conditioner or HP type hot water supply air conditioner) in the underfloor space / ceiling space .

The configuration of the No. 1 picking up uses an air conditioner (HP type air conditioner or HP type hot water supply air conditioner) with a dehumidifying function in a flow path formed by the underfloor space, the inner ventilation layer, and the ceiling back space. The eco-housing according to claim 13 .

12. The structure of the sixth picking iron is characterized in that a heat storage material made of a heat storage material that stores and dissipates heat by phase change of solidification / melting is disposed in any of the underfloor space, the inner ventilation layer, and the ceiling space. Or the eco house of 14 or 15.

The construction of the No. 7 Pickup 7 consists of the structural members of the foundation, foundation, pillars, girders and beams that structurally support the building shown in FIG. 3 and the roof body and wall body with the roof, outer wall and heat insulation layer.・ The interior space is composed of floors and ceilings, structural strength is provided, building vents, roof ventilation layers and outer ventilation layers are provided, and inner ventilation layers are provided between the inner wall and ceiling interior materials and heat insulation layers, and the inside The ventilation layer is formed in the ventilation layer independent of the roof ventilation layer and the outer ventilation layer through the heat insulation layer, and is opened to the outside air through the building ventilation opening, the second building lower ventilation opening (opening and closing type), the ceiling space, or Air that has been directly opened to the outside air by the second blower fan and the second communication port through the ceiling space , opened to the outside air through the underfloor space and the underfloor ventilation port (open / closed), and introduced into the building from outside the building and circulated through the room Equipped with ventilation means including ventilation to discharge outside the building, Energy of the radiation cooling, summer warm, a building which is exposed to solar radiation solar thermal energy, among the inner wall-ceiling interior material, the absorbing Shimezai used at a site can receive radiant heat from the heat insulating layer, Moisture An eco house characterized by using a plate material with a high ratio of cooperation between H2O and the phase change of H2O, and constructing wider than the floor interior material in terms of area.

The construction of the No. 1 Hachipachi uses a moisture absorbing / releasing material with a low ratio of moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change as the interior material of the floor, and the inside of the space below the floor as a discharge path for moisture outside the building 18. The eco-house according to claim 17, wherein two discharge paths are formed: a discharge path through the ventilation layer / ceiling space and a discharge path through the inner ventilation layer / ceiling space from the under floor space to the interior space. .

Configuration of the弐拾Vol.2 has established dehumidification with the air conditioner of the (HP air-conditioning or HP type hot water supply air conditioner) in the room,
As a discharge passage of moisture retained in the underfloor space, the discharge passage from the underfloor space through the interior space is discharged to outside the building air conditioners addition, claim 3 to 11, characterized by forming a plurality of discharge passage or 17 The eco-housing according to any one of items 1 to 21.

Configuration of the弐拾ginseng, the operation of the dehumidification function with the air conditioner (HP air-conditioning or HP type water air-conditioning) is claim 11 or 14 or 15 or, characterized in that it is carried out in the time period available for midnight electric power Eco house according to 16 or 22.

The configuration of No. 6 is composed of the structural members of the foundation, foundation, pillars, girders and beams that structurally support the building shown in FIG. 3 and the roof body and wall body provided with the roof, outer wall, and heat insulation layer. ceiling by configure indoor space, comprising a structure strength, an inner ventilation layer, the ceiling space between the inner wall-ceiling interior material and the heat insulating layer, the inner vent layer, ridge vent and second building under comprising means that will be open to the outside air through the air vent, the ceiling space is open to the outside air through the floor space, floor vents (retractable), introducing external air from outside the building, the exhaust air which has circulated through the chamber to outside the building The building is equipped with ventilation means, including ventilation, and is exposed to geothermal / radiant cooling energy, summer warm air, and solar thermal energy. at least in part on using absorbing Shimezai sites for the, H Moisture absorption and cooling by the moisture absorption / release function of the interior material that mediates the phase change (liquefaction / vaporization) of 2O, vaporizes and evaporates at room temperature in the daytime in summer, discharges to the outside, and the interior excluding the north side wood is eco housing to absorb solar energy acquired daytime sunlight in summer, vaporized, evaporated, it characterized that you discharged outdoors trapped in the form of latent heat of moisture.

In the first configuration, the means for opening the inside ventilation layer to the outside air is directly opened to the outside air by the second blower fan and the second communication port in the vicinity of the second building lower ventilation port, closed, or, eco housing according to claim 1 which is open to the outside air through the blower fan and the integral ridges vent, characterized in Rukoto.

Configuration of the ginseng has a roof ventilation layer and an outer breathable layer, Eco housing according to claim 1 or 2 ridge vent and the roof ventilation layer is characterized Rukoto through communication.

In the fourth configuration, the inner ventilation layer / ceiling space is formed as a ventilation layer independent of the roof ventilation layer and the outer ventilation layer via a heat insulating layer, and the open / close type ventilation opening is closed to ensure airtightness. The eco-housing according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein

The fifth configuration is that the moisture absorbing / releasing material used in at least a part of the interior material of the inner wall / ceiling that can receive radiant heat from the heat insulating layer has a ratio of cooperation between moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change. The eco-house according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a high plate material is used.

The sixth configuration is that the moisture absorbing / releasing material used in the interior material of the inner wall / ceiling has a high ratio of cooperation between H2O phase change and H2O phase change. The eco-house according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the eco-house is constructed more widely than a moisture-absorbing and releasing material having a low ratio of cooperation between humidity and H2O phase change.

In the seventh configuration, the interior material using the moisture absorbing / releasing material in the inner wall and the ceiling is a plate material having a low ratio of moisture absorption / release and phase change of H2O on the indoor side, moisture absorption / release as an interior base material. The eco-house according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a plate material having a high ratio of phase change of H2O is used and stretched.

The eighth configuration is that the interior material of the floor uses a moisture absorbing / releasing material having a low ratio between the moisture absorbing / releasing and the phase change of H2O as at least a part thereof, and serves as a discharge path for moisture outside the building. The discharge path through the inner ventilation layer / ceiling space and the discharge path through the inner ventilation layer / ceiling space through the indoor space from the underfloor space is formed. Eco-housing according to any one of the items.

In the ninth configuration, the floor interior material uses at least part of a moisture absorbing / releasing material having a low ratio between the moisture absorbing / releasing and the phase change of H2O, and serves as a discharge path for moisture outside the building. The discharge path through the inner ventilation layer / ceiling space and the discharge path through the inner ventilation layer / ceiling space from the under floor space through the indoor space is formed. Eco house.

The first pick-up consists of an air conditioner with a dehumidifying function (HP type air conditioner or HP type hot water supply air conditioner) installed in the room, and as an exhaust path for moisture staying in the underfloor space, the air conditioner outside the building through the indoor space from the underfloor space The discharge path to be discharged is added to form three discharge paths, and the eco-house according to claim 8.

The structure of the No. 1 pickup is an air conditioner with a dehumidifying function (HP type air conditioner or HP type hot water supply air conditioner) installed in the room, and as a discharge path for moisture staying in the underfloor space, it is built with air conditioner from the underfloor space through the indoor space The eco-house according to claim 9, wherein three discharge paths are formed by adding a discharge path that is discharged outside.

The eco-house according to claim 11 , wherein the air conditioner with a dehumidifying function (HP type air conditioner or HP type hot water supply air conditioner) is operated in a time zone in which midnight power can be used.

The heat insulating material used for the heat insulating layer can be selected from synthetic resin-based (polystyrene, polyurethane, etc.), fiber-based (glass wool / rock wool), and mineral-based (silicate calcium silicate) board-like heat insulating materials. In addition, the presence or absence of moisture absorption / release is not questioned. The heat insulating material is a single layer or two layers, and a heat insulating layer is formed by appropriately using a moisture permeable windproof waterproof sheet and a moistureproof sheet. Or it comprises using a heat insulation panel.
As the interior material used for the inner wall / ceiling, a material having a high ratio of the moisture absorption / release and the phase change of H2O is used. Specifically, a plate material mainly composed of calcium silicate (such as tylite wood) is suitable. . Alternatively, a paper cloth stretch or diatomaceous earth finish having moisture absorption / release properties on the plaster board substrate can be used. In any case, a thickness of about 9 mm to 12 mm is preferable from the viewpoint of cost effectiveness.
As the interior material used for the floor, a material having a low ratio of cooperation between moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change is used. Specifically, solid board materials such as cedar and straw are suitable. Alternatively, plywood that can transmit moisture may be used. The thickness is preferably about 30 mm for a solid plate material and 12 mm thick for a plywood sheet so that it can withstand heavy objects.
Compared to the floor area, the ceiling area is about 1.4 times, the area of the inner wall facing the heat insulating layer / inner ventilation layer on the outdoor side is about 1.6 times, and the total is about 3 times. This is the area of the inner wall / ceiling facing the heat insulation layer. Therefore, if the moisture absorption from the room is simply considered, it reaches three times the moisture absorption from under the floor. This is the reason why an indoor dehumidifying effect can be obtained as a result even if a moisture absorbing / releasing material having low moisture conduction efficiency is used.
Of the interior materials used for inner walls and ceilings, moisture absorbent materials that have a high ratio of moisture absorption and release and H2O phase change can be used for all interior walls and ceiling interior materials in terms of dehumidification load management. Without any problem, the efficiency of moisture discharge from the room is increased. However, considering the aspect of moisture content management, in order to stably supply the kinetic energy necessary for vaporization and moisture release by means other than ventilation, facing the heat insulation layer that can acquire solar heat energy, It is limited to the ceiling from which radiant heat can be obtained and the inner wall on the east-west side. These are the upper limits of the area and range to be used. That is, if priority is given to moisture content management, the inner wall including the partition wall other than the inner wall on the east / west / south side where radiant heat can be obtained uses an interior material that does not have moisture absorption / release properties. If moisture absorbing / releasing material with a low ratio of moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change is used instead of interior material that does not have moisture absorbing / releasing properties, it does not contribute to the formation of the moisture discharge path, and dehumidification load management The counter effect is expressed from above.
On the other hand, in forming the moisture discharge path according to claim 5 , a moisture absorbing / releasing material having a low ratio of the moisture absorbing / releasing and the phase change of H2O is used for the flooring, and the interior material of the inner wall / ceiling is used. If a moisture absorbing / releasing material having a high ratio of cooperation between moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change is used, the purpose can be achieved. Moreover, even if interior materials that do not absorb moisture are used for the interior materials of the inner walls and ceilings, moisture absorption and desorption with a high ratio of the relationship between moisture absorption and release and phase change of H2O is applied to some of the interior materials of the inner walls and ceilings. The purpose can be fulfilled by using wood.只 In order to increase the efficiency of moisture discharge to the outdoors and respond to the problem of dehumidification load management, the inner wall is more than the area of the moisture absorbing / releasing material with a low ratio of moisture absorption / desorption to the floor and the phase change of H2O. -Ensure a wide construction area for the moisture absorbing / releasing material that has a high ratio of cooperation between the moisture absorbing / releasing material used for ceiling interior materials and the phase change of H2O.
Now, the influence of radiant heat through the heat insulation layer on the north side where solar heat cannot be acquired by solar radiation is scarce, and vaporization and moisture release using radiant heat cannot be expected. In addition, warm air can be used regardless of whether it is east, west, south, or north, but it is a weak source of kinetic energy because it receives cold air from geothermal heat beneath the floor during ventilation. Therefore, it is better to use the interior material used on the north side that does not have moisture absorption and desorption. Vinyl cloth on the base of the plaster board does not have moisture absorption / release properties on the indoor side, and has moisture absorption / release properties on the inner ventilation layer side. is there. The same applies to the partition wall between the rooms, and it does not face the heat insulating layer, and the influence of radiant heat cannot be expected. Therefore, from the viewpoint of dehumidifying load management and moisture content management, interior materials that do not have moisture absorption / release properties are used.
The ceiling shown in FIG. 3 is constructed along the roof slope, but as shown in FIG.

Configuration of the Ichi is composed of the roof body-wall having a structural member as well as a roof-outer wall, a heat insulating layer of the basic and foundation-column-girder and beams supporting the building structurally, by the inner wall, floor, ceiling It constitutes an indoor space, has structural strength, has an inner ventilation layer / ceiling space between the interior material of the inner wall / ceiling and the heat insulation layer, and the inner ventilation layer has the building ventilation port, the second building lower ventilation port, There is a means for opening to the outside air through the space behind the ceiling, opening to the outside air through the underfloor space and underfloor ventilation opening (opening and closing type), introducing outside air from outside the building, and ventilating the air circulating inside the building to the outside of the building The building is equipped with ventilation means, and is exposed to geothermal / radiant cooling energy, summer warm air, and solar heat solar radiation. The moisture absorbing / releasing material used for at least a part is H2O phase change. Moisture - and吸冷from the indoor side and the outdoor side by Hygroscopic function of interior materials to mediate (liquefaction and vaporization), vaporized, evaporated in daytime ambient temperature in summer, and discharged outdoors, thereon, except north The interior material is an eco-house that absorbs solar thermal energy acquired in the daytime in the summer, vaporizes and evaporates, confines it in the form of latent heat of moisture and discharges it outdoors.

In the second configuration, the means for opening the inside ventilation layer to the outside air is directly opened to the outside air by the second ventilation fan and the second communication port in the vicinity of the second building lower ventilation port, The eco-house according to claim 1, wherein the eco-house is closed or opened to the outside air through a building ventilation port integrated with a blower fan.

The eco-house according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second configuration includes an outer ventilation layer and a roof ventilation layer , and the building ventilation port and the roof ventilation layer communicate with each other.

In the fourth configuration, the inner ventilation layer / ceiling space is formed in a ventilation layer independent of the outer ventilation layer / roof ventilation layer through a heat insulating layer, and the open / close type ventilation opening is closed to ensure airtightness. The eco-housing according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein

The fifth configuration is that the moisture absorbing / releasing material used in at least a part of the interior material of the inner wall / ceiling that can receive radiant heat from the heat insulating layer has a ratio of cooperation between moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change. The eco-house according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a high plate material is used.

The sixth configuration is characterized in that, among the interior materials for the inner wall and the ceiling, an interior material that does not receive radiant heat from the heat insulating layer is an interior material that does not have moisture absorption / release properties. Eco-housing as described in that section.

By the way, in cold regions where highly airtight and highly insulated houses have been developed, there are also climatic characteristics in areas where priority is given to measures against the cold caused by the high insulation performance. In fact, the necessity of using a heat insulating material having moisture absorption / release properties is scarce.
Nevertheless, one of the factors that brings about the advantage of adopting a heat insulating material that absorbs and absorbs moisture by suppressing the risk is to `` forced latent heat exhaust heat '' and absorb moisture due to moisture retention indoors. There is a possibility of suppressing the increase in the moisture content of the moisture release material. The possibility is that the cooling energy required for liquefaction is supplied indoors to H2O, and when it passes through a heat insulating material that mediates phase change, solar heat energy acquired by solar radiation is absorbed by the evaporation of H2O, and in that case, the latent heat of moisture It can be trapped in a shape and exhausted outdoors. In the end, it is possible to provide a means for exhausting indoor moisture to the outside while confining solar heat from sensible heat to latent heat .
只 , that possibility opens to the place of utilizing “condensation” that has been eating away Japanese houses since ancient times. This is not only a problem of actual housing performance and durability, but also a challenge that should be overcome in terms of human consciousness.

While using the absorbing Shimezai solar north side can not be obtained solar radiation, the water content management can suitably implement and, moreover, is obtained from outdoor through the creation of heat transfer to contradictory moisture-吸冷from indoor heat insulation It is an object of the present invention to obtain a heat-shielding effect by connecting to sensible heat such as solar thermal energy, and to obtain an indoor dehumidifying effect.
The task is to improve efficiency in terms of moisture content management, and to improve the heat shielding efficiency by receiving cold and moisture supply not only indoors but also outdoors.
In response to the increase in cold energy supply from indoors, by suppressing moisture absorption / cooling from the outside at night, the efficiency of moisture absorption / cooling from indoors and the movement of H2O from indoors to the outdoors is improved. The challenge is to increase the dehumidifying effect indoors.
While implementing water content management appropriately, in the summer, in response to the increase in the supply of cold energy from the indoor, improve the efficiency of cooling and moisture absorption from the indoor, and improve the efficiency of H2O movement from indoor to outdoor It is an object of the present invention to further improve the indoor dehumidifying effect and heat shielding effect by improving the efficiency of vaporization and moisture release to the outdoors in the daytime.

The main purpose of ventilation is to take in fresh air and maintain indoor oxygen levels. This purpose is achieved efficiently, and in addition, cooperation with the heat storage system and cooperation with the heat insulation and dehumidification system of the wall are suitably implemented, and in addition to natural energy of geothermal and radiative cooling, midnight power is used. The indoor air environment (temperature, humidity, oxygen concentration , volatile chemicals, etc.) can be improved at low cost throughout the winter and summer, and the heat of condensation generated during indoor dehumidification is reduced to reduce heat islands. The problem is to help.

Next, examples of suitable combinations of heat insulating materials by region, regional climatic characteristics, and purpose will be described.
Wall (north side) Wall (others) Ceiling (I) C CA
(B) C B A
(C) C A A
(2) A A A
(E) C CC

By the supply of at indoor cooling energy, the direction of moisture direction and absorbing energy heat transfer, the solar acquisition solar energy in outdoors mate, it is promoted in the same direction. Therefore, the cooperation between the energy transfer associated with the phase change of H 2 O and the moisture absorption / release function is suitably maintained, and the energy transfer in the airtight heat insulating layer utilizing the moisture absorption / release becomes possible.

If the power of a blower fan is borrowed there, the water content will be significantly reduced on the outdoor side of the daytime insulation. It becomes the pressure of the movement of H2O, which further promotes the penetration of the previous voids, and at the same time promotes further vaporization of H2O through a decrease in the atmospheric pressure in the voids. That is, the pressure of H2O movement accompanied by solar thermal energy absorption can be created and maintained by a synergistic effect with moisture penetration, which is the result of the increase in atmospheric pressure caused by the phase change of H2O. By utilizing the pressure of this H 2 O movement, the efficiency of energy transfer and solar thermal energy absorption (heat insulation) can be improved. Further, the vaporization of H 2 O can be further promoted in the voids because the pressure of the pressure inside the heat insulating material is urged by the movement of the moisture .

In cold regions, the drop in the outside air temperature during the summer is remarkable, and the days around 20 ° C continue. The temperature difference between day and night exceeds 10 degrees, and the use of radiant cooling energy at night can be expected .
Proportion of low absorbing Shimezai cooperation with the phase change of the intake desorption and H2 O (including insulation) is not necessarily have pure performed only moisture absorption and desorption without liquefaction and vaporization, some liquefied・ It is accompanied by vaporization.只 It has not led to a high water content. As an example, cedar is widely used as a structural material. Although it is also used for the position facing the north side, just because solar heat energy cannot be obtained by solar radiation does not mean that the moisture content of structural materials such as cedar is immediately high.
As mentioned earlier, tropical nights continue in warm regions, and vaporization and moisture release from the airtight heat insulating layer continues regardless of day or night. Therefore, in the airtight thermal insulation layer on the north side where solar thermal energy cannot be obtained by solar radiation, even if moisture absorption / cooling is continued from the inside as long as it is within the range of its vaporization / moisture release capacity, it is a cause of high moisture content. It will not be.
Compared to operating the air conditioner in the flow path of the space behind the ceiling and under the floor, there is also a balance with the comfortable temperature for living, and when the air conditioner is installed indoors, the room temperature cannot be lowered greatly .
The northern air-tight insulation layer cannot acquire solar heat. Therefore, the ability to vaporize and release moisture from the airtight insulation layer on the north side is affected by the outdoor pressure and temperature. In general, the outdoor temperature in the daytime in summer exceeds 30 ° C regardless of whether it is warm or cold, and vaporization and moisture release through the airtight heat insulation layer on the north side can occur. However, as described above, the movement of the liquefied H2O from the indoor side to the outdoor side is prevented by the interposition of the moisture-permeable windproof waterproof sheet. Therefore, vaporization and moisture release on the outdoor side do not continue, and the function of reducing the moisture content in the airtight heat insulating layer does not work in this aspect.
Now, even if it is difficult to move liquefied H 2 O, gaseous H 2 O (humidity) moves. Therefore, if a heat insulating material having a low ratio of moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change is used on the indoor side of the hermetic heat insulating layer, moisture is absorbed from the indoor side and released to the outdoor side while performing appropriate moisture content control. This contributes to preventing the reversal phenomenon of moisture absorption / release from the outdoor side to the indoor side while maintaining the direction of moisture absorption / release.
Cedar wood and the like used for the structural material has moisture absorption / release properties, but there is no problem in water content management even when used in a warm and humid area. Therefore, an indication of a low level of the ratio of the relationship between moisture absorption and release and H2O phase change is expressed in cedar wood and the like.

8A: Cooling energy storage means using midnight power can be dispersed in the heat storage layer composed of the frame and the heat storage body / foundation concrete / underground, and absorbs moisture from the frame (woody structural material, heat insulating material, etc.)・ Reduces adverse effects associated with the burden of cooling (propagation of molds, decaying fungi, etc., reduced insulation performance). In addition, the use of inexpensive fibrous insulation is widened.
B: Even if only midnight power is used in combination of an air conditioner and a heat storage body having high energy consumption efficiency, stable and inexpensive cooling energy can be supplied directly to the circulation channel in the form of convection heat for 24 hours. Similarly, heating energy can be continuously supplied throughout the day and supplied to the circulation channel directly in the form of convection heat at a low cost. Furthermore, an energy saving effect can be obtained.
C: While only midnight power is used as a cooling energy source, the direction of moisture absorption during the day can be controlled through continuous supply of cold air for 24 hours, and the indoor dehumidification effect can be enhanced for 24 hours at low cost.
D: Through continuous supply of cold air, it is possible to suitably ensure the transfer of cooling energy using the phase change of H 2 O even in the case of a low water content. Furthermore, it is possible to improve the efficiency of movement of H2O, which is in contradiction with the ratio of cooperation, and enhance the indoor dehumidifying effect.
E :
F: The release of energy using the phase change in the temperature range limited to 21 ° C to 23 ° C is absorbed by the sensible heat transfer with the enclosure in the circulation channel, so that the radiant heating in the winter and the summer Radiant cooling is preferably realized stably for 24 hours using inexpensive energy while achieving both heat insulation / dehumidification effects in summer and energy loss mitigation effects in winter. In addition, through further effective utilization of the fusion of geothermal, radiative cooling, and late-night power, it is possible to obtain a further heat-saving effect by further reducing energy costs, lowering energy costs, and appropriately controlling moisture content.
9: Solar heat energy that permeates the heat insulation layer of the roof is effectively discharged latently and sensiblely outside the building by devising a combination of a heat shield system and a ventilation system to suppress an increase in daytime cooling load I can do it. In addition, while efficiently fulfilling the purpose of ventilation, in addition to geothermal and radiative cooling, it is possible to efficiently use midnight power, and indoor environments (temperature, humidity, oxygen concentration , volatile chemicals, etc.) Can be improved at low cost (building cost and running cost) throughout the year.
In the airtight heat insulation layer on the east and west side, solar radiation acquisition of solar thermal energy is converted to moisture absorption from the indoor side, and the direction of moisture absorption and release to vaporize and release to the outdoor side is ensured. Without relying on vaporization and moisture release, it is possible to maintain the direction of moisture absorption and release by absorbing moisture from the indoor side and releasing it to the outdoor side. As a result, a dehumidifying effect can be realized.
In winter, we take advantage of the closeness of hermetic houses to improve the heating effect and pursue energy savings, and in summer, to maximize the architectural ingenuity that makes use of the openness of ventilated houses, It is possible to construct a system that avoids the increase of cooling load / dehumidification load and the promotion of heat island while effectively utilizing natural energy to save human energy.
Through liquefaction, it absorbs moisture from the indoor side where the relative humidity is low day and night , absorbs the heat energy during the day, and increases the rate of vaporization and moisture release to the inner ventilation layer. Moisture can be transferred (conducted) to the side to release moisture. The reverse is also true, and it is possible to prevent the reverse flow (intrusion) of moisture from the outdoor side where the relative humidity is high to the indoor side where the relative humidity is low.
By forming two discharge paths as moisture discharge paths outside the building in the underfloor space and improving the discharge efficiency, the occurrence of condensation in the underfloor space can be suppressed.

By the way, the relative humidity when moisture is absorbed into the wall at night increases due to a decrease in ambient temperature, and the pressure of moisture absorption increases. At that time, if liquefaction occurs due to the phase change of H2O, the temperature rises due to condensation heat generated at the same time. It will be a factor. After all, if the supply of cooling energy sufficient to generate liquefaction does not continue, the phase change will not continue.
When H 2 O changes phase and evaporates, heat of vaporization is taken away from the surroundings. If the generation of this heat of vaporization continues, the temperature rise of the wall body due to solar solar radiation acquisition is suppressed by the accumulation of heat of vaporization.
By the way, if liquid "water" is directly supplied to and absorbed by the wall, it will take away heat of vaporization when it vaporizes and evaporates, so it continuously absorbs daytime solar heat and vaporizes and evaporates. Is possible.只 Since the method of directly absorbing water is not adopted, the conventional method does not continuously take away the heat of vaporization from the surroundings.
Therefore, as an alternative to the supply and absorption of “water”, the absorption of moisture and the absorption of cooling energy are performed in cooperation, and latent heat-type cold storage, which is a phase change that leads to condensation heat and water generation in the wall, is important. Become. In addition, the effect of heat insulation using latent heat can be obtained within the range of the total amount of cooling energy (radiation cooling / geothermal energy) thrown in order to absorb the condensation heat generated when liquefying through phase change .

With the new technology, it is possible to promote the release of moisture from the wall and the dehumidification activity through the ventilation layer, with or without phase change. Moreover, although it is restricted by the amount of kinetic energy acquired from the outdoors, it enables energy transfer from the inside. A waste heat system in the form of the moisture, 2 by complementary cooperation with the dampening-Kyuhiya system comprising the 4-hour ventilation systems, and indoor humidity effect through control by the complementary linkage (promoted or suppressed) It can be developed into an advanced heat-shielding / dehumidifying mechanism that leads to the effect of suppressing temperature rise.

The supply side of the moisture or realized in how the moisture supply as well as high moisture absorption efficiency.
The reduction in moisture content in the moisture absorbing / releasing material due to the release of H2O by solar radiation acquisition during the daytime creates a recovery of the moisture absorption capacity at night. As a result, it leads to a humidity control function of the indoor space due to moisture absorption in the indoor space. As described above, if the blower fan is operated even at night, the supply of moisture and cold from outside is urged, and the absorption and movement of moisture from the inside is reduced accordingly.

Moisture absorption / release materials that promote liquefaction and moisture absorption / release materials that do not promote liquefaction.
Even if moisture absorption is promoted by increasing the moisture content due to the difference between the relative humidity and the equilibrium moisture content, the phase change (liquefaction) in the moisture absorbent material is not immediately promoted. The promotion of liquefaction depends on the promotion of absorption of cooling energy capable of treating the heat of condensation generated with liquefaction. However, Hygroscopic material is less ability to conduct cooling energy inside by its heat insulating properties. That is, liquefaction is slow as the conduction of cooling energy is slow. Even if latent heat storage is attempted, the efficiency is not good. Then, even if the supply of cooling energy is increased, the cooling cannot be efficiently performed according to the increase. Therefore, it is a challenge to achieve efficient latent heat storage.
If the above is understood from the relationship with the latent heat storage process, the use of a moisture absorbing / releasing material that has the property of absorbing H2O liquefied on the surface of the moisture absorbing / releasing layer will cause condensation heat when absorbing moisture in the air. By absorbing and promoting liquefaction, and by sucking and absorbing liquid H2O, it contributes to maintaining a high "cooperation ratio" between moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change. Therefore, even when the moisture content in the daytime is reduced, the cooling energy can be absorbed and retained, the efficient energy transfer can be continued, and the heat shielding and dehumidifying effect can be maintained. It should be noted that the reason why latent heat storage does not cause a decrease in ambient temperature compared to sensible heat storage is that cooling energy is used to absorb condensation heat .

Hygroscopic material in the process of absorbing moisture in the air, at the same time, absorbs volatile chemicals, pollutants in the air. Due to the water retention capacity of the moisture absorbing / releasing material, the chemical substance / pollutant dissolves and moves inside the moisture absorbing / releasing material as H2O moves. Therefore, finally, when H2O is released as water vapor from the moisture absorbing / releasing material, it is discharged together. The main thing is, Chemicals and contaminants are not one to be stored in Hygroscopic material is adsorbent, means is discharged out suitable Yichun buildings are prepared.

The outer wall according to claim 1 generally uses siding, but may be spray-coated or tiled on the mortar base. Without being used as both insulation material, with a thermal barrier function using cooperation between the phase change of the moisture-absorbing and desorbing with H2 O.
Energy supply means, the in use of solar thermal energy can take a method of radiating the underfloor space that heated collector roof surface in a known manner. On the other hand, hot water can be made from solar thermal energy, temporarily stored outside the building, and supplied to the building when needed. Then, a known method is used to directly radiate heat to the under-floor space or to store heat by heat exchange through a pipe embedded in the foundation soil concrete. In addition, you may use kerosene, gas, and midnight electric power as an energy source of hot water storage.
Concerning the building ventilation opening. It can also be set as the structure which integrated the building ventilation opening and the ventilation fan. In that case, the space under the roof ridge, the blower fan, and the ventilation hole under the roof ridge need not be provided separately.

When the system according to claim 1 is used in a cold region, it is possible to obtain a suitable living environment while suppressing running costs by using the system considering its climatic characteristics.
In summer, even in cold regions, daytime temperatures are not as noticeable as in warm regions.れ ば If it is limited to the night, the decrease in the outside air temperature is remarkable compared to the warm area. Therefore, the cold air at night is used to absorb solar thermal energy that is acquired by solar radiation in the daytime.
The means for ventilating including the ventilation for introducing the outside air from outside the building and discharging the air circulated through the room to the outside of the building according to claim 1 is provided by a moisture supply / cooling system provided in the 24-hour ventilation system , Specifically, it takes in outside air whose temperature has fallen at night, takes in the energy of radiative cooling, and supplies cooling energy, and the promotion of liquefaction depends on the absorption of cooling energy that can handle the heat of condensation that is generated along with liquefaction. Therefore, in response to an increase in the supply of cold energy from indoors, by suppressing moisture absorption and cooling from the outside at night, the efficiency of moisture absorption and cooling from indoors and the movement of H2O from indoors to the outdoors is improved. In addition, by liquefying, it absorbs moisture from the room with low relative humidity day and night, absorbs heat energy during the daytime, and can vaporize and release moisture to the inner ventilation layer with high relative humidity. As a result, the moisture absorbing / releasing material can increase the dehumidifying effect by absorbing moisture in the room and can increase the heat shielding effect by absorbing solar thermal energy acquired by solar radiation.
In addition, the cooperation between the phase change of H2O and the moisture absorption and desorption function can be promoted by absorbing solar thermal energy acquired by solar radiation, and can be used for heat insulation and dehumidification during the daytime. When combined with the radiant cooling energy supplied on the outdoor side, a sufficient heat shielding and dehumidifying effect can be obtained in the daytime .

The exhaust pipe and exhaust fan which connect the exterior of a building and indoor space among the ventilation means of Claim 1 are shown. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the invention of claim 1. FIG. 4 is a detailed oblique sectional view of the wall of the building shown in FIG. 3. It is a schematic sectional drawing of a roof body and a wall body. It is a schematic sectional drawing of a roof body. It is a schematic sectional drawing of a roof body. It is a schematic sectional drawing of a roof body. It is a plane schematic sectional drawing of the wall which shows the inner side ventilation layer of invention of Claim 1. It is a plane schematic sectional drawing of the wall which shows the inner side ventilation layer of invention of Claim 1. It is a plane schematic sectional drawing of the wall which shows the inner side ventilation layer of invention of Claim 1.

The exhaust pipe and exhaust fan which connect the exterior of a building and indoor space among the ventilation means of Claim 1 are shown. The exhaust pipe and exhaust fan which connect the exterior of a building and indoor space among the ventilation means of Claim 1 are shown. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the invention of claim 1. FIG. 4 is a detailed oblique sectional view of the wall of the building shown in FIG. 3. It is a schematic sectional drawing of the junction part of the heat insulation layer of a roof body and a wall body. It is a schematic sectional drawing of the junction part of the heat insulation layer of a roof body and a wall body. It is a schematic sectional drawing of the junction part of the heat insulation layer of a roof body and a wall body. It is a schematic sectional drawing of the junction part of the heat insulation layer of a roof body and a wall body. It is a plane schematic sectional drawing of the wall which shows the inner side ventilation layer of invention of Claim 1. It is a plane schematic sectional drawing of the wall body by which an interior material and a heat insulating material are laminated | stacked, and an inner side ventilation layer is not provided. It is a plane schematic sectional drawing of the wall which shows the inner side ventilation layer of invention of Claim 1. It is a plane schematic sectional drawing of the wall which shows the inner side ventilation layer of invention of Claim 1. It is a deformation | transformation type | mold of FIG. 3 which aims at heat insulation airtight on a girder.

Claims (23)

It is composed of a heat insulating material having moisture absorption / release properties, has a structural strength resistance, and constitutes a roof body shown in FIGS. 5 to 8 of a building or a wall body shown in FIGS. 9 to 12,
A three-layer structure in which a heat-insulating material with a low ratio of moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change, a moisture-permeable windproof waterproof sheet, and a heat-insulating material with a high ratio of moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change are superimposed. Characteristic insulation panel. A three-layer structure in which heat-insulating material with a high ratio of moisture absorption and release and H2O phase change, moisture-permeable windproof waterproof sheet, and heat-insulating material with a high ratio of moisture absorption and release and H2O phase change are superimposed. The heat insulation panel according to claim 1, wherein It consists of structural members such as foundations, foundations, columns, girders and beams that structurally support the building shown in Fig. 1 and roofs and walls with roofs, outer walls, and heat insulation layers. Composed, structural strength,
The heat insulating layer constituting the wall body does not have a moisture absorbing / releasing property with a heat insulating layer composed of a heat insulating material having a moisture absorbing / releasing property or a heat insulating layer composed of a heat insulating material without a moisture absorbing / releasing property or a heat insulating material with a moisture absorbing / releasing property. Consists of one type of heat insulating layer or a combination of multiple types of heat insulating layers that are laminated with a heat insulating material,
The heat insulating layer constituting the roof body is composed of a heat insulating material having moisture absorption / release properties,
It has a building ventilation opening, a space under the roof building, a roof ventilation layer and an outer ventilation layer,
Introducing outside air from outside the building, equipped with ventilation means including ventilation to exhaust the air circulating inside the building outside the building,
With waterproofness,
It is a building that is exposed to geothermal / radiant cooling energy, summer warm air, winter cold air, solar thermal energy,
A moisture-permeable heat insulating layer is composed of the heat insulating panel according to claim 1, and uses a heat insulating material having a low ratio of cooperation between moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change on the indoor side,
Among the heat insulation layers, the heat insulation layer which has moisture absorption / release properties on the outdoor side and is composed of a heat insulation material with a high ratio of cooperation between moisture absorption / release and H2O has heat insulation materials with moisture absorption / release properties or moisture absorption / release properties. It has a three-layer structure consisting of a non-insulating heat insulating material, a moisture-permeable windproof waterproof sheet and a heat insulating material with moisture absorption and desorption, and absorbs cold air from the outside by condensation heat generated during liquefaction in winter,
Among heat insulation layers, heat insulation layers with moisture absorption and desorption properties absorb and cool by the moisture absorption and desorption function of the heat insulating material that mediates the phase change (liquefaction and vaporization) of H2O, and vaporize and evaporate at room temperature during the daytime in summer. In addition, the heat insulation layer excluding the north side absorbs solar heat energy acquired by solar radiation, confines it in the form of latent heat called moisture, and discharges it outdoors.
The floor material is a moisture absorbing / releasing material with a low ratio of moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change, absorbs moisture from the under floor space, permeates the floor material, releases moisture to the indoor space, and installs a heat insulating layer from the indoor space. An eco house characterized by forming a drainage path for moisture that can be discharged to the outside. The eco-housing according to claim 3, wherein the moisture-permeable heat insulating layer includes the heat insulating panel according to claim 2. The eco-housing according to claim 3, wherein the moisture-permeable heat-insulating layer includes the heat-insulating panel according to claim 1. The heat insulating layer facing the north side where solar heat energy cannot be obtained by solar radiation is composed of a heat insulating material having a low ratio of coexistence between moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change, or a heat insulating material not having moisture absorption / release properties. Item 6. The eco-housing according to any one of items 3 to 5. The eco-house according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the heat insulation layer has an airtight performance. A ventilation fan and a communication port are provided in the space below the roof wing, and are opened to the outside air.
The eco-housing according to any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein the blower fan operates day and night. The underfloor space and the inner ventilation layer shown in FIG. 1 communicate with each other to form an air flow path, and the inner ventilation layer and each living room communicate with each other through a communication port on the inner wall,
The outside of the building and each room are connected by an exhaust communication pipe connected to an openable and closable inlet, and the outside of the building and the underfloor space are connected by an air supply communication pipe.
The exhaust communication pipe and the supply communication pipe communicate with a heat exchange type exhaust fan having a blowing function,
Outside air is taken into the underfloor space through the air supply communication pipe, and the air flowing into each room through the inner ventilation layer and the communication port is changed in the indoor air circulation between winter and summer, so that warm air is kept indoors in summer. The eco-house according to any one of claims 3 to 8, further comprising a ventilation / ventilating means capable of exhausting outside the building through an exhaust communication pipe connected to an uppermost intake port of the blowout portion. 10. The method according to claim 3, wherein when the outside air is taken in through the air supply communication pipe, the heat energy collected through the roof ventilation layer or the space under the roof ridge is also taken into the underfloor space. Eco house as described in. The eco house according to any one of claims 3 to 10, wherein an air conditioner with a dehumidifying function (HP type air conditioner) is installed in an underfloor space and an indoor space. With the hermetic insulation layer surrounding the building shown in Figure 2 as the boundary,
The underfloor space of the building, the inner ventilation layer and the ceiling space are communicated,
Either the inner ventilation layer or the space behind the ceiling and the indoor space communicate with each other through a communication port,
From the indoor side of the building, it is composed of an inner wall, an inner ventilation layer, a wall base material, an airtight heat insulating layer, an outer wall base material, an outer ventilation layer, and an outer wall.
The building under the roof ridge space, the roof ventilation layer and the outer ventilation layer communicate with each other, the upper end of the roof wing space is always open to the outside air through the building ventilation opening, the lower end of the outer ventilation layer is always open to the outside air,
From the indoor side of the building, the ceiling, the ceiling space, the ceiling base material, the airtight heat insulating layer, the roof base material, the space under the roof ridge and the roof ventilation layer, the roof material,
The wall body has structural strength,
The airtight heat insulating layer constituting the wall body has a heat insulating layer made of a heat insulating material having moisture absorbing / releasing properties, a heat insulating layer made of a heat insulating material not having moisture absorbing / releasing properties, or a heat insulating material having moisture absorbing / releasing properties and a moisture absorbing / releasing property. It is composed of one type of heat insulation layer or a combination of multiple types of heat insulation layers that are stacked with heat insulation material that does not
The hermetic heat insulating layer constituting the roof body is composed of a heat insulating material having moisture absorption and desorption properties,
The outside of the building and the indoor space are communicated by an exhaust communication pipe,
The outside of the building and the space under the floor are communicated by a communication pipe for air supply,
The exhaust communication pipe and the air supply communication pipe communicate with a total heat exchange type exhaust fan having a blowing function,
One end of the exhaust communication pipe is connected to each living room including a toilet, a bathroom, and a closet to exhaust outside the building, and outside air is taken in through the air supply communication pipe.
It is a building that is exposed to geothermal / radiant cooling energy, summer warm air, winter cold air, solar thermal energy,
A moisture-permeable air-tight heat insulating layer is composed of the heat insulating panel according to claim 1, and uses a heat insulating material having a low ratio of moisture absorption and release and H2O phase change on the indoor side,
Among the airtight heat insulating layers, the heat insulating layer that has moisture absorption / release properties on the outdoor side and is composed of a heat insulating material with a high ratio of cooperation between moisture absorption / release and H2O has heat absorption / absorption properties with moisture absorption / release properties. It has a three-layer structure consisting of a heat insulating material that is not equipped, a moisture-permeable windproof waterproof sheet, and a heat insulating material that has moisture absorption and desorption, and absorbs cold air from the outside by the condensation heat generated during liquefaction in winter,
Among the airtight heat insulating layers, the airtight heat insulating layer of the north wall which cannot acquire solar thermal energy is a heat insulating material with a low ratio of moisture absorption / release and H2O phase change, or heat insulation without moisture absorption / release properties. Using materials,
Among the airtight heat insulating layers, the airtight heat insulating layer having moisture absorption and desorption properties absorbs and absorbs moisture by the moisture absorption and desorption function of the heat insulating material that mediates the phase change (liquefaction / vaporization) of H2O, and at room temperature in the daytime in summer. Vaporizes and evaporates and discharges to the outside, and the airtight insulation layer excluding the north wall absorbs solar heat energy acquired by solar radiation, traps it in the form of latent heat called moisture, and discharges it to the outside.
The communication port can be opened and closed in summer and winter.
At the same time, cool air that has fallen in temperature due to radiative cooling at night in the summer
The interior / exterior material of the floor / inner wall / ceiling absorbs moisture from the space under the floor by the function of the moisture absorbing / releasing material, which has a low ratio between the moisture absorption / release and the phase change of H2O. The eco-house is characterized in that it forms a moisture discharge path that can be discharged from the interior space to the outside through the interior material of the inner wall / ceiling, the inner ventilation layer, the ceiling back space, and the heat insulation layer. The eco-housing according to claim 12, wherein the moisture-permeable airtight heat insulating layer is constituted by the heat insulating panel according to claim 2. The upper end of the roof ventilation layer is opened to the outside air through the space under the roof ridge connected to the blower facility composed of the blower fan and the communication pipe,
The eco house according to any one of claims 12 to 13, wherein the ventilation hole under the roof ridge is closed. 15. The eco house according to claim 14, wherein the blower fan operates only during summer daytime and does not operate after sunset. 16. The eco-house according to claim 12, wherein an air conditioner with a dehumidifying function (HP type air conditioner) is used in a flow path constituted by the underfloor space, the inner ventilation layer, and the ceiling space. It consists of structural members such as foundations, foundations, columns, girders and beams that structurally support the building shown in Fig. 3 and roofs and walls with roofs, outer walls, and heat insulation layers. Composed, structural strength,
It has a ridge ventilation opening, a roof ventilation layer and an outer ventilation layer,
An inner ventilation layer is provided between the inner wall / ceiling interior material and the heat insulation layer.
The inner ventilation layer is formed in the ventilation layer independent of the roof ventilation layer and outer ventilation layer through the heat insulation layer, and is opened to the outside air through the building ventilation opening, the second building lower ventilation opening (opening and closing type), and the ceiling space, It is open to the outside air through the underfloor space and underfloor ventilation opening (opening and closing type),
Introducing outside air from outside the building, equipped with ventilation means including ventilation to exhaust the air circulating inside the building outside the building,
It is a building that is exposed to geothermal / radiant cooling energy, summer warm air, winter cold air, solar thermal energy,
Moisture absorption and desorption materials used for the interior wall and ceiling interior materials that can receive radiant heat from the heat insulation layer are made of plate materials that have a high ratio of coordination between moisture absorption and desorption and H2O phase change. Wider than construction,
The floor interior material uses a moisture absorbing / releasing material that has a low rate of coordination between moisture absorbing / releasing and H2O phase change,
As an exhaust path to the outside of the building, the exhaust path from the underfloor space to the inner ventilation layer, the ceiling back space, the ventilation passage under the second building and the interior ventilation space from the under floor space to the inner ventilation layer, the ceiling back space, the second building An eco house characterized by forming two discharge paths, one through the lower vent. The inner ventilation layer is directly opened to the outside air by the second blower fan and the second communication port near the second building lower ventilation port,
The eco house according to claim 17, wherein the ventilation opening under the second building is closed. The eco-house according to any one of claims 17 to 18, wherein the heat insulating layer has an airtight performance. The interior material using the moisture absorbing / releasing material in the inner wall and ceiling is a plate material having a low ratio of moisture absorption / release and phase change of H2O on the indoor side, and the relationship between moisture absorption / release and phase change of H2O as an interior base material. The eco-house according to any one of claims 17 to 19, wherein a plate material having a high ratio is used and stretched. The eco-house according to any one of claims 17 to 20, wherein the second blower fan operates in the daytime in summer and stops in the nighttime. Install an air conditioner with a dehumidifying function (HP type air conditioner) indoors,
The exhaust path for dampening in the underfloor space is added with an exhaust path that is discharged from the underfloor space through the indoor space to the outside of the building by an air conditioner to form three exhaust paths. Eco-house according to any one of the above. 23. The eco house according to claim 22, wherein the operation of the air conditioner with a dehumidifying function (HP air conditioner) is performed in a time zone in which midnight power can be used.

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