JP2009101979A - Conveying vehicle capable of measuring weight of loaded object - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To measure the weight of a cargo loaded on a deck of a vehicle such as a dump truck and a motor truck by equipment mounted to the vehicle. <P>SOLUTION: When the deck is supported by turning shafts at two portions in series to tilt the deck and a load cell provided at the lower side on a rear face at turning shaft sides of the deck in the dump truck, the weight of the deck at loading and the weight of the deck at non-loading are measured by the sum of reaction forces acting on the turning shafts and a load generated in the load cell. As a result, a drive engine of the dump truck is not required to severely work to reduce failures and the waste of consumed fuel. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a lifting machine and a weighing machine to be mounted on a transport vehicle. More specifically, “the weight of an object being lifted or the weight of a load loaded on a cargo bed of a vehicle is mounted on the lifting apparatus or the vehicle. It is related with "the apparatus which measures with the apparatus which is doing".

  Conventionally, “a dump truck measures the weight of its load directly with a weight measuring device mounted on its transporting means” is because the earth and sand bites into the sliding part of the weight measuring device. It has been difficult to use continuously over a period of time.

However, companies are subject to legal sanctions for not fulfilling their social responsibility unless they strictly adhere to the allowable weight of vehicles.
For this reason, on the premises and factories of companies, entry and exit of overloaded vehicles are prohibited, and operations of underloaded vehicles are forced.

  Based on the above circumstances, the appearance of “a vehicle capable of measuring the weight of a loaded load with a device mounted on the vehicle” has been eagerly awaited among transportation personnel.

  FIG. 14 is a side view of the dump truck disclosed in Patent Document 1. In the dump truck, a fulcrum 11 for tilting the loading platform 4 is modified, and a supporting cylinder 12 having a load cell 13 mounted under the loading platform 4 is provided. Since the loading platform 4 can be raised by the arrangement, the function of measuring the weight of the load on the loading platform 4 is provided.

  The procedure for measuring the load in the dump truck in Document 1 is to calculate both the “weight of the loading platform 4” in the empty state and the “weight of the loading platform 4” in the loading state, and subtract the former weight from the latter weight. Thus, the weight of the load is calculated.

  However, since the fulcrum 11 of the loading platform 4 has a special structure, there is a drawback that when the fulcrum 11 of the loading platform 4 is raised or lowered, earth and sand are easily caught.

  Due to the above circumstances, the dump truck disclosed in Document 1 has a problem that it is difficult to continuously use the dump truck for a long period of time due to biting of earth and sand.

  In addition, in lifting equipment and trucks, there are no devices that measure the weight of a suspended load or load with equipment attached to the lifting equipment or truck. Is eager among.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-191927 Dump truck product load measuring device

Problems to be solved by the invention

  The weight of the load is measured by utilizing the shearing force generated in the shaft that supports a part of the weight of the load loaded on a vehicle such as a dump truck or a truck.

Means for solving the problem

  The amount of deflection of the shaft that occurs when the weight of the load is applied to the cantilever shaft is measured, and the shearing force that is generated on the shaft, that is, the weight of the load, is calculated based on the amount of deflection.

The invention's effect

  Since overloading of the load can be eliminated, drive engines of vehicles such as tow trucks and dump trucks do not operate harshly, and waste of fuel consumption can be eliminated.

FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of the load detection device G of the present invention.
Since the dump truck has a turning shaft near the rear end of the back surface of the loading platform, the load detection device G can be mounted between the vicinity of the rear end and the vehicle body frame.
By measuring the amount of deflection of the horizontal load cell that also serves as the pivot axis, the weight of the loading platform borne by the horizontal load cell can be known.
The amount of load loaded on the carrier can be known by subtracting the weight of the empty carrier from the weight of the carrier loaded with the load.

A truck equipped with a leaf spring type wheel suspension device uses a shaft in a portion where the leaf spring is attached, so the load detection device G can be attached between the leaf spring and the body frame. .
By measuring the amount of deflection of the horizontal load cell that also serves as the shaft, the weight of the vehicle body borne by the horizontal load cell can be known.
The amount of load loaded on the loading platform can be determined by subtracting the weight of the empty vehicle body from the weight of the vehicle body loaded with the load.

  The cantilever shaft that supports the weight of the load, i.e., the horizontal load cell, is provided with a recessed groove on the entire circumference in the vicinity of the fixed end of the cantilever shaft in order to facilitate bending.

  Furthermore, the bearing that presses the cantilever shaft is equipped with a self-aligning bearing so that the cantilever shaft can receive a vertical load with respect to its axis even if the groove of the cantilever shaft is bent. To do.

  In addition, a thrust bearing is interposed between the bracket that fixes the cantilever shaft and the bearing so that the bracket does not receive the force that presses the cantilever shaft, that is, the weight of the load.

  The load detection device of the present invention is not limited to a dump truck, and can be applied to a weighing machine that measures the weight of granular materials and powder discharged from a hopper.

  FIG. 2 shows a side view of the “dump truck A capable of measuring the weight of the load” according to the present invention.

  FIG. 3 shows a fulcrum portion for tilting the loading platform of the dump truck A.

The two pivots in series for tilting the loading platform are horizontal load cells as shown in FIG.
The horizontal load cell is a cylindrical body, and there are two portions that are confined over the entire circumference in the vicinity of the center.
A vertical load cell is provided below the back surface on the front end side of the loading platform so as to be movable up and down by a hydraulic cylinder.

  The horizontal load cell is fitted to a bearing protruding downward from the back side near the rear end of the dump truck loading platform and is fixed to a bracket protruding upward from the vehicle body frame.

  A portion where the horizontal load cell and the bearing are fitted receives a load via the bearing.

  Since the horizontal load cell is used under the above structure, it is possible to measure the vertical load applied to the swivel portion of the loading platform.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a saddle type load cell is provided below the back surface on the front end side of the loading platform so as to be movable up and down by a hydraulic cylinder.

  FIG. 4 shows a saddle type load cell that moves up and down by a hydraulic cylinder below the back surface of the loading platform opposite to the pivot axis.

After driving the hydraulic cylinder for inclining the loading platform and raising the tip of the loading platform by about 50 mm, the vertical load cell is pushed up to the vicinity of the front end of the bottom of the loading platform with the hydraulic cylinder.
The hydraulic oil entering and exiting the hydraulic cylinder that pushes up the vertical load cell is blocked by a check valve, and the vertical load cell is fixed at the raised height.

Release the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic cylinder that tilts the loading platform to atmospheric pressure.
The loading platform descends naturally and is supported by a total of three points, one saddle load cell and two horizontal load cells.

Since it is the above structure, the weight of the loading platform at the time of loading and the weight of the loading platform at the time of empty loading can be measured by adding the reaction force of the horizontal load cell and the load received by the vertical load cell.
The weight of the load is calculated by subtracting the weight of the loading platform at the time of empty loading from the weight of the loading platform at the time of loading.

Next, an example of a procedure for measuring the weight of the load will be disclosed.
(1) The crew automatically drives the hydraulic cylinder that tilts the loading platform, raises the tip of the loading platform by about 50 mm, and then automatically operates the vertical load cell with the hydraulic cylinder near the front end of the loading platform. Push up.
Since the loading platform is extremely slanted, the rear door of the loading platform does not open, and earth and sand do not fall out.
(2) The hydraulic fluid entering and exiting the hydraulic cylinder pushing up the saddle type load cell is shut off with a check valve by automatic operation, and the saddle type load cell is fixed at the pushed up height.
(3) The tip of the loading platform is lowered by automatic operation, and the vicinity of the front end of the loading platform is placed on the vertical load cell.
(4) The hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic cylinder that tilts the loading platform is released to atmospheric pressure by automatic operation.
(5) The loading platform is supported by a total of three points, one vertical load cell and two horizontal load cells.
(6) Load the loading platform.
(7) Continue to measure the weight of the loading platform in the middle of loading without interruption.
(8) Continue to measure the weight of the load by automatic operation by continuously subtracting the weight of the cargo bed when empty from the weight of the cargo bed that contains the load.
(9) The dump truck crew member gives instructions to the loader such as the backhoe to adjust the loading amount while watching the “display displaying the weight of the load in the loading platform” installed in the cab. To do.
(10) Stop the loading operation when the specified loading weight is reached, confirm that the loading weight is automatically recorded by the printer, and then automatically operate the piston of the hydraulic cylinder that pushes up the vertical load cell. Pull down to lower the vertical load cell, and then fix the loading platform.
(11) The dump truck can always be started while strictly adhering to the allowable load weight.

  The electrical instrumentation, hydraulic circuit, and combination thereof for operating each automatic operation described above can be formed by combining conventional basic electrical instrumentation and hydraulic circuit technologies.

  FIG. 5 shows a side view of the “dump truck B capable of measuring the weight of the load” according to the present invention.

  The “dump truck B capable of measuring the weight of the load” according to the present invention has a partial load generated by the load, that is, a so-called partial load for summing up the weight of the load. Detected at the connecting part of the hydraulic cylinder.

  FIG. 6 shows the action state of the force generated on the loading platform in the dump truck B.

  The load R at the fulcrum portion of the carrier is the “load detection device of the present invention” provided at the fulcrum, and the load F at the connecting portion between the carrier and the hydraulic cylinder is “the thrust P of the hydraulic cylinder that tilts the carrier” and “hydraulic pressure”. It is calculated from the tilt angle θ of the cylinder piston and detected.

  “The thrust P of the hydraulic cylinder that tilts the bed” is detected as the product of “the hydraulic pressure when the bed is tilted” and “the working area S inside the hydraulic cylinder”.

In the “load detection device of the present invention”, the fulcrum shaft of the fulcrum of the dump truck is replaced with a load detection shaft.
The load detection shaft is provided with a throttle groove in a portion where the maximum bending stress is generated, so that the load detection shaft is easily bent and a concentrated stress is easily generated.

When the dump truck bed is tilted, the amount of deflection generated in the pivot shaft of the fulcrum or the amount of distortion generated in the throttle groove of the pivot shaft of the fulcrum is measured.
The reaction force generated in the turning axis is calculated from the measured amount of deflection or strain.
The thrust of the hydraulic cylinder is calculated from the hydraulic pressure and the area of the hydraulic pressure inside the cylinder when the dump truck bed is tilted.

  The “dump truck capable of measuring the weight of the load” according to the present invention adds up the partial loads F and R in a state where the load is loaded, that is, a so-called loaded state, and calculates “the weight W of the load. The weight of the load is calculated by calculating the “loading platform weight W1” and subtracting the “loading platform weight W2 including the weight of the load” from the “loading platform weight W2 in a state where no load is loaded, that is, an empty state”. W is calculated.

  FIG. 7 shows the “dump truck C capable of measuring the weight of the load” according to the present invention, and FIG. 8 shows a front view of the load detection device 10a.

  The load detection device 10a fixes a load detection shaft 21 with a cam 19 to brackets 14 and 14 that are suspended from the loading platform 4 and erected the load detection shaft 21 so as to face the vehicle body frame 1. The bracket 19 is mounted on a shaft 17 and the cam 19 is slid on the base 20.

  If the loading platform 4 tilts, the load detection shaft 21 turns, so that the cam 19 slides on the pedestal 20 and the load detection shaft 21 is bent, and the central portion is higher than both ends.

It is possible to know a reaction force by measuring a deflection amount or a strain amount when the load detection shaft 21 is bent, and calculating a reaction force generated in the load detection shaft 21 based on the deflection amount or the strain amount. it can.
This calculation method is calculated based on conventional steel structural mechanics.

  When the load detection device 10a is employed, it is necessary to surround the entire load detection device 10a with a plastic sheet so that earth and sand are not caught in the sliding portion.

FIG. 9A shows a cross section B-B of FIG. 8 and shows a cross section of the load detection device 10a in a state where the loading platform 4 of the dump truck C is not tilted, for example, in a traveling state. .
The arm 18 pressing and fixing the load detection shaft 21 should be displayed in FIG. 9A, but the display of the arm 18 is omitted for easy understanding of the structure. .

FIG. 9B shows a cross section of the load detection device 10a when the loading platform 4 starts to tilt.
The load detection shaft 21 is turned by the tilt of the loading platform 4, the cam 19 is slid with the pedestal 20 by the rotation of the load detection shaft 21, and the state where the center portion of the load detection shaft 21 is higher than both ends is displayed. Yes.

  FIG. 10 shows a fulcrum portion for tilting the loading platform in the “dump truck D capable of measuring the weight of the load” according to the present invention, and a front view of the load detection device 10b.

  The load detection device 10b fixes the load detection shaft 25 to brackets 26a and 26b that are erected facing the vehicle body frame 1, and the bracket 24 that hangs down from the load carrier 4 so that the load detection shaft 25 is suspended. It is an axis.

If the loading platform 4 tilts, the load detection shaft 25 is pressed by the shaft hole of the bracket 24, so that distortion occurs in the narrowed portion 28 at the center of the load detection shaft 25.
The generated strain amount is measured, and the reaction force generated in the load detection shaft 25 is calculated based on the strain amount.
This reaction force is calculated based on conventional steel structural mechanics.

  FIG. 11 shows a fulcrum portion for tilting the loading platform in the “dump truck E capable of measuring the weight of the load” according to the present invention, and a front view of the load detection device 10c.

  The load detection device 10c fixes the load detection shaft 31 to a bracket 30 that is erected facing the vehicle body frame 1, and the load detection shaft 31 is pivoted to a bracket 30 that is suspended from the load carrier 4. It is a construction.

  The load detection shaft 31 includes a throttle portion in the circumferential direction near the fixed portion outside the portion fixed to the bracket 30, that is, outside the fixed portion of the fulcrum shaft.

  If the loading platform 4 tilts, the load detection shaft 31 is pressed through the bearing 32 with an automatic alignment function provided in the shaft hole of the bracket 24, so that distortion occurs in the throttle portion 28 at the center of the load detection shaft 31. .

Since the load detection shaft 31 is pressed through a bearing 32 with a self-aligning function provided in the shaft hole of the bracket 24 and receives an evenly distributed load, even the cantilever support can be used. .
The generated strain amount is measured, and the reaction force generated in the load detection shaft 31 is calculated based on the strain amount.
This reaction force is calculated based on conventional steel structural mechanics.

  FIG. 12 shows that a plate spring type wheel suspension device is mounted on the front wheel and an air suspension, that is, a so-called air spring type wheel suspension device is mounted on the rear wheel, and a saddle type load cell is installed between the rear wheel axle and the vehicle body frame. A lorry equipped with a horizontal load cell 40 that supports the vehicle is displayed.

When the load sensed by the horizontal load cell 40 is P, the length of the leaf spring is L, and the distance from the front wheel axle to the support point on the side opposite the load cell is A, the load borne by the front wheel axle F is
F = P × L / A
It is.

By adding the load of the vertical load cell 40 after the compressed air of the air spring is discharged and the load F borne by the front wheel axle calculated from the sensitivity value of the horizontal load cell 40, the weight of the vehicle body can be known.
The weight of the load can be determined by subtracting the weight of the empty body from the weight of the body when the load is loaded.

The axle load generated on the axle of the front wheel is set smaller than the axle load generated on the rear wheel from the relationship of steering the vehicle.
For this reason, the horizontal load cell when used as an axle for the front wheel can be made much thinner than the horizontal load cell used as the shaft of the trunnion shaft of the leaf spring type suspension system for the rear wheel.

  The horizontal load cell used as the leaf spring mounting shaft in the front-wheel plate-type suspension system can be made thinner than the horizontal load cell used as the front-wheel axle because of the lever principle.

  Due to the above circumstances, the load detection device of the present invention can be used as a leaf spring mounting shaft in a leaf spring type suspension device for a front wheel of a transport vehicle.

  A tow truck hangs a rope on a pulley mounted on a boom, winds up the rope, and lifts a load hung on a hook at the tip of the rope.

If the load detection device G of the present invention is attached to the pulley, a horizontal load cell is used as the axle of the pulley, so it is possible to know the tension of the rope.
The weight of the suspended load can be known based on its tension.

  Since the tow truck does not need to lift an excessive weight, it is possible to prevent a breakage accident of the boom and a fall accident of the tow truck due to the excessive weight lifting.

  A cross-sectional view of a load detection device of the present invention using a horizontal load cell is displayed.   The side view of "dump truck A which can measure the weight of a load" of the present invention is displayed.   A fulcrum portion is displayed to tilt the loading platform of the dump truck A.   A saddle type load cell that moves up and down by a hydraulic cylinder is shown below the back surface of the platform opposite to the pivot axis.   The side view of "the dump truck B which can measure the weight of a load" of this invention is displayed.   Each load in the “dump truck B capable of measuring the weight of the load” according to the present invention is displayed.   The side view of "the dump truck C which can measure the weight of a load" of this invention is displayed.   The load detection device 10a is displayed.   (A) The cross section BB in FIG. 7 is displayed. (B) The mutual positional relationship among the load detection shaft 21, the cam 19, and the pedestal 20 when the reaction force R is detected is displayed.   The load detection device 10b is displayed.   The load detection device 10c is displayed.   The side view of the lorry of the present invention is displayed.   The installation state of the horizontal type load cell in FIG. 12 is displayed.   The side view of the dump truck of patent documents 1 is displayed.

Explanation of symbols

A ... Dump truck B that can measure the weight of the load ... Dump truck C that can measure the weight of the load ... ... Dump truck D that can measure the weight of the load ... Dump truck E that can measure the weight of the load ... Dump truck G that can measure the weight of the car ... Load detecting device 1 ... Body frame 2 ... Kakigi 3 ... Frame 4 ... .... Loading platform 5 ... Bracket 6 ... Shaft 7 ... Hydraulic cylinder 8 ... Piston 9 ... Shaft 10 ... Load detecting device 11 ... ··· Supporting point 12 ··· Supporting cylinder 13 ··· Load cell 14 ··· Bracket 15 ··· · Thrust bearing 16 ··· Gap 17 ··· Bracket 18 · · · Arm 19 · · · Cam 20 · · · Base 21 · · · Load detection shaft 22 · · · Slot 23 · · · ... Floor surface 24 ... Bracket 25 ... Load detection shaft 26a, 26b ... Bracket 27 ... Pin 28 ... Throttling part 29 ... Thrust bearing 30 ... ··· Bracket 31 ··· Load detection shaft 32 ··· Bearing 33 with self-alignment function · · · Thrust bearing 34 · · · Pin 35 · · · Bracket 36 · · · Load cell 37 ··· ··· Bearing 38 ··· Press base 39 ··· Thrust bearing 40 · · · Horizontal load cell 41 · · · Self-aligning bearing 42 · · · Bracket 43 ··· Base

Claims (3)

Secure the horizontal load cell to the bracket protruding from the base,
A pair of bearings with self-aligning bearings are provided on the lower surface of the pressing table,
The bracket is loosely fitted with a thrust bearing between a pair of bearings,
A load detecting device, characterized in that a throttle portion provided in the entire circumferential direction of the horizontal load cell is located between the bracket and the bearing, and the horizontal load cell is inserted into a pair of bearings. The load detecting device according to claim 1 is mounted on a part of a turning shaft for tilting the loading platform, and a vertical load cell that moves up and down by hydraulic pressure or pneumatic pressure is installed on the side opposite to the turning shaft below the loading platform. A dump truck that can measure the weight of the load. In a lorry with a rear wheel assembled to an air spring type wheel suspension system and a front wheel assembled to a leaf spring type wheel suspension system, a saddle type load cell is interposed between the axle of the rear wheel and the body frame, and the front wheel A cargo vehicle capable of measuring the weight of a load, wherein the load detection device according to claim 1 is attached to a portion where the leaf spring is attached.

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