JP2009101402A - Joining method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a joining method by which metallic members are easily joined to each other and by which strength of a weld zone is increased. <P>SOLUTION: The present joining method is used for carrying out friction stir welding to a joining metallic member 1 composed by butting the side face 14a of a first metallic member 1b and the end face 11b of a second metallic member 1b. The method is characterized by including: a step for inserting a filler member into grooves K, K formed on the side surface side of the end face 11b of the second metallic member 1b; a step for carrying out the friction stir welding to a joining portion J1 between the first metallic member 1a and the second metallic member 1b from the front face A side of the joining metallic member 1; a step for carrying out the friction stir welding to the joining portion J1 from the back surface B side of the joining metallic member 1; a step for removing the filler member from the grooves K, K; and a step for filling weld metal K2, K2 in the grooves K, K by carrying out welding to the joining portion J1 from the side surface C, D sides of the joining metallic member 1. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for joining metal members using friction stirring.

  As a method of joining metal members, friction stir welding (FSW = Friction Stir Welding) is known. In this friction stir welding, the metal members are fixed to each other by causing the metal at the abutting portion to flow plastically by frictional heat between the rotating tool and the metal member by moving the rotating tool along the abutting portion between the metal members while rotating the rotating tool. Phase joining is performed. In general, a rotating tool is provided with a stirring pin (probe) protruding from the lower end surface of a shoulder portion having a cylindrical shape.

  Here, when the thickness of the metal member is larger than the length of the stirring pin of the rotary tool, by increasing the length of the stirring pin according to the thickness of the metal member, It can join without a gap over the entire length. However, since the rotary tool moves while rotating at a high speed with the stirring pin embedded in the metal member, increasing the length of the stirring pin increases the load acting on the drive means of the friction stirrer and the stirring pin. There is a problem that the life of the apparatus is shortened.

Therefore, when the thickness of the metal member is larger than the length of the stirring pin of the rotary tool, frictional stirring is performed stepwise through a joint member between a pair of metal members having step portions having different thicknesses. The joining method to perform is known.
As shown in FIG. 12, the metal member used in the conventional joining method described above is a step having a thickness smaller than that of the main body 101 at the edge of the main body 101 of the first metal member 110a and the second metal member 110b. A portion 102 is formed. The conventional joining method includes a step of abutting the step portions 102 of the first metal member 110a and the second metal member 110b, and a step portion that performs friction stirring on the abutment portion Jd between the step portions 102 and 102. A friction stirring step, a joint member placement step of placing the joint member U in the recess 103 formed in the abutting step, a mating portion Ja of the first metal member 110a and the joint member U, and a second metal member 110b and the joint member U. And a friction stirring step of performing friction stirring on the abutting portion Jb. According to this joining method, metal members can be joined even if the thickness of the metal members is large.

JP 2004-358535 A (see paragraph 0019, FIG. 2)

  However, in the conventional joining method described above, as the thickness of the metal members 110a and 110b increases, the stepped portions and joint members provided on the metal members 110a and 110b must be increased, and the joining work becomes complicated. There's a problem. In addition, since the number of stepped portions and joint members increase at the joint portions of the metal members 110a and 110b, the joint portions are complicated and large, and there is a problem that the strength of the joint portions is lowered.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a joining method that can solve the above-described problems and can easily join metal members together and increase the strength of the joining portion.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention is a joining method in which friction agitation is performed on a metal member to be joined formed by abutting the side surface of the first metal member and the end surface of the second metal member. The filling member insertion step of inserting the filling member into the groove portion formed on the side surface side of the end surface, and the friction stir from the surface of the bonded metal member to the abutting portion of the first metal member and the second metal member After the first main joining step, after the first main joining step, a second main joining step in which friction agitation is performed from the back surface of the metal member to be joined to the abutting portion, and a filling member removing step in which the filling member is removed from the groove portion. And a welding joining step of filling the groove portion with the weld metal by welding the abutting portion from the side surface of the metal member to be joined.

  As another structure of this invention, it is the joining method which carries out friction stirring with respect to the to-be-joined metal member formed by abutting the end surfaces of a 1st metal member and a 2nd metal member, Comprising: 1st metal member and 2nd metal A filling member inserting step of inserting a filling member into a groove formed on a side surface of at least one end face of the member, and a surface of the metal member to be joined with respect to the abutting portion between the first metal member and the second metal member The first main joining step for performing friction stirring, the second main joining step for performing friction stirring from the back surface of the metal member to be joined to the abutting portion after the first main joining step, and removing the filling member from the inside of the groove portion. It is characterized by including a filling member removing step and a welding joining step of filling the weld metal in the groove portion by welding the butt portion from the side surface of the metal member to be joined.

In each structure mentioned above, a to-be-joined metal member can be joined comparatively easily by performing welding joining with respect to the butt | matching part exposed to the side surface of a to-be-joined metal member in a welding joining process. In addition, by filling the groove formed on the side surface of the end face of the metal member with the weld metal, welding can be performed to the depth of the metal member to be joined, and the welding range is widened. Can be increased.
Further, in the first main joining step and the second main joining step, the friction stir is performed on the abutting portion in a state where the filling member is inserted in the groove portion, so that the metal plasticized on the front surface side and the back surface side from the groove portion. However, it can prevent moving into a groove part by the press from the tool for performing friction stirring. Thereby, it can prevent that a groove part deform | transforms and collapses in the case of friction stirring.

  In the joining method described above, after the filling member removing step, the groove portion is expanded to the front side and the back side of the metal member to be joined, and the plasticized regions formed on the front side and the back side of the metal member to be joined by friction stirring. It is desirable to perform a groove expanding step for contacting the groove.

  In this configuration, by bringing the groove portion into contact with the plasticized regions formed on the front surface side and the back surface side of the metal member to be joined, the weld metal filled in the groove portion in the welding joining process comes into contact with the plasticized region. Thus, since the abutting portion is hermetically sealed on the side surface of the metal member to be bonded, the airtightness and watertightness of the bonded portion of the metal member to be bonded can be improved.

  In the joining method described above, the groove is preferably formed along the side edge of the end face, and the axial cross section is preferably triangular.

  In this configuration, since the groove section is formed so as to expand from the inside to the outside of the metal member by making the axial section of the groove section a triangular shape, the filling member inserted into the groove section can be easily pulled out.

  In the above-described bonding method, it is desirable to perform a temporary bonding step of temporarily bonding the butt portion before the first main bonding step and the second main bonding step.

  Here, when performing the first main joining step and the second main joining step, a force for pulling apart the metal members acts to push a tool for friction stirring into the abutting portion of each metal member to be joined. In some cases, an opening may occur at the abutting portion. However, in the above-described configuration, the first main bonding step and the second bonding step can be suitably performed by temporarily bonding the abutting portions before performing the first main bonding step and the second main bonding step.

According to the joining method of the present invention, the metal members to be joined can be joined relatively easily, and the strength of the joining portion can be increased.
Further, by performing frictional stirring on the abutting portion in a state where the filling member is inserted in the groove portion, it is possible to prevent the groove portion from being deformed and crushed during friction stirring.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings as appropriate.
In the description of each embodiment, the same constituent elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant descriptions are omitted.

[First embodiment]
As shown in FIG. 1, the joining method of the first embodiment is a butt portion of an L-shaped joined metal member 1 formed by abutting the side surface 14a of the first metal member 1a and the end surface 11b of the second metal member 1b. The friction stir welding is performed on the J1 from the front surface A and the back surface B of the metal member 1 to be welded, and then the welding is performed from the first side surface C and the second side surface D of the metal member 1 to be bonded.

  The joining method of the first embodiment includes (1) a butt process, (2) a filling member insertion process, (3) a first main joining process, (4) a second main joining process, (5) a filling member removal process, 6) It includes a groove expanding step and (7) a welding joining step. Hereinafter, each step will be described in detail. Note that the vertical and horizontal directions in the present embodiment follow the arrows in FIG.

(1) Butting process As shown in FIG. 2, the butting process is a process of butting the side surface 14a of the first metal member 1a and the end surface 11b of the second metal member 1b.
As shown in FIG. 2A, the first metal member 1a and the second metal member 1b are metal members having a rectangular shape in cross section, and have substantially the same shape. The first metal member 1a and the second metal member 1b are metal materials capable of friction stirring such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, copper alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, magnesium, and magnesium alloy.

  In the central portion in the height direction on both side surfaces 14b and 15b side of the end surface 11b of the second metal member 1b, a groove portion in which a corner portion between the end surface 11b and the side surface 14b and a corner portion between the end surface 11b and the side surface 15b are cut out. K and K are formed. The groove part K is formed along the side edge part of the end surface 11b, The axial cross section is a right-angled isosceles triangle.

  In the abutting process, as shown in FIG. 2B, the side surface 14a of the first metal member 1a and the end surface 11b of the second metal member 1b are abutted, and the surface 12a of the first metal member 1a and the second metal member The surface 12b of 1b is flush with the back surface 13a of the first metal member 1a and the back surface 13b of the second metal member 1b. Further, the end surface 11a of the first metal member 1a and the side surface 15b of the second metal member 1b are flush with each other. And the abutting part J1 is formed in the abutting surface of the side surface 14a of the 1st metal member 1a, and the end surface 11a of the 2nd metal member 1b.

  The member formed by abutting the first metal member 1a and the second metal member 1b is hereinafter referred to as a bonded metal member 1. Further, the surface of the metal member 1 to be bonded is the front surface A, the back surface is the back surface B, and the surface of the metal member 1 to be bonded is composed of the side surface 14a of the first metal member 1a and the side surface 14b of the second metal member 1b. Is the first side C. Moreover, let the surface comprised by the end surface 11a of the 1st metal member 1a and the side surface 15b of the 2nd metal member 1b among the to-be-joined metal members 1 be the 2nd side surface D. Moreover, the corner | angular part comprised by the side surface 14a of the 1st metal member 1a and the side surface 14b of the 2nd metal member 1b is made into the corner | angular part R.

In addition, in this embodiment, although the groove parts K and K are previously formed with respect to the 2nd metal member 1b, after abutting the 1st metal member 1a and the 2nd metal member 1b, for example, it uses a cutting tool. The groove part K may be formed by cutting.
Moreover, although there is no restriction | limiting in particular in the shape and dimension of the 1st metal member 1a and the 2nd metal member 1b, It is desirable to make the thickness dimension in the abutting part J1 the same at least.

(2) Filling member insertion step The filling member insertion step is a step of inserting the filling members K1, K1 into the grooves K, K of the second metal member 1b, as shown in FIG.
The filling member K1 is a columnar metal member whose axial cross section is formed into a right isosceles triangle so as to fit in the groove K. As shown in FIG. 3B, the end face 11b of the second metal member 1b becomes a rectangular flat surface by inserting the filling member K1 into the groove portions K and K and filling the groove portions K and K. In the present embodiment, a material equivalent to the metal member 1 to be joined is used for the filling member K1, but the material is not limited.

(3) 1st main joining process A 1st main joining process is a process of performing friction stir welding from the surface A of the to-be-joined metal member 1 with respect to the abutting part J1.
The first main joining step includes a tab material arranging step in which the tab materials 2 and 3 are arranged on the metal member 1 to be joined and temporarily joined, and a joining portion of the metal member 1 to be joined and the first tab material 2 on the surface A side. A first tab material joining step for joining J2, a temporary joining step for temporarily joining the abutting portion J1 of the metal member 1 to be joined, and a first joint for joining the abutting portion J3 of the metal member 1 to be joined and the second tab material 3 This includes a two-tab material joining step and a main joining step in which friction agitation is performed on the abutting portion J1.

  A tab material arrangement | positioning process is a process of arrange | positioning a pair of tab materials 2 and 3 along the abutting part J1 of the to-be-joined metal member 1, as shown in FIG.3 (b). The tab members 2 and 3 are for setting a starting position for pressing the rotating tool and an ending position for releasing the rotating tool in a main joining process described later.

The first tab member 2 and the second tab member 3 are rectangular parallelepiped metal members, and in this embodiment, the same material as that of the bonded metal member 1 is used. The front and back surfaces of the first tab material 2 and the second tab material 3 are formed flush with the front surface A and the back surface B of the bonded metal member 1.
The first tab member 2 is disposed in contact with the second side surface D of the metal member 1 to be joined along the abutting portion J1. Further, the second tab member 3 is disposed in contact with the corner portion R of the metal member 1 to be joined.
The 1st tab material 2 and the to-be-joined metal member 1, and the 2nd tab material 3 and the to-be-joined metal member 1 are each temporarily joined by welding in the corner part. Thereby, the opening of the 1st tab material 2, the 2nd tab material 3, and the to-be-joined metal member 1 can be prevented in the main joining process mentioned later.

  Next, referring to FIG. 4, a rotary tool F used for the temporary joining process (hereinafter referred to as “temporary joining rotary tool F”) and a rotary tool G used for the main joining process (hereinafter referred to as “main joining rotary tool G”). Will be described in detail.

The rotating tool F for temporary joining shown in FIG. 4A is made of a metal material harder than the metal member 1 to be joined, such as tool steel, and has a cylindrical shoulder portion F1 and a lower end surface F11 of the shoulder portion F1. A projecting stirring pin (probe) F2 is provided.
The size and shape of the temporary bonding rotary tool F may be set according to the material and thickness of the metal member 1 to be bonded, but at least the main bonding rotating tool G used in the first main bonding step described later. (See FIG. 4B). In this way, since temporary joining can be performed with a load smaller than the main joining, the load applied to the friction stirrer during the temporary joining can be reduced, and further, the moving speed ( Since the feed rate) can be made faster than the moving speed of the main joining rotary tool G, the working time and cost required for temporary joining can be reduced.

The lower end surface F11 of the shoulder portion F1 is a portion that plays a role of pressing the plastic fluidized metal and preventing scattering to the surroundings, and is formed in a concave shape in this embodiment. There is no particular limitation on the size of the outer diameter X ₁ of the shoulder portion F1, in this embodiment, is smaller than the outer diameter Y ₁ of the shoulder portion G1 of the joining rotation tool G.

The stirring pin F2 hangs down from the center of the lower end surface F11 of the shoulder portion F1, and is formed into a tapered truncated cone shape in this embodiment. In addition, a stirring blade engraved in a spiral shape is formed on the peripheral surface of the stirring pin F2.
There is no particular limitation on the size of the outer diameter of the stirring pin F2, in the present embodiment, the maximum outer diameter (upper diameter) X ₂ is the maximum outer diameter of the stirring pin G2 of the rotary tool G for the joint (upper end diameter) Y ₂ smaller than, and the minimum outer diameter (bottom diameter) _{X 3} is smaller than the minimum outer diameter (bottom diameter) _{Y 3} of the stirring pin G2. The length L ₂ of the stirring pin F2 is desirably smaller than the length L ₁ of the stirring pin G2 of the joining rotation tool G.

  The rotating tool G for main joining shown in FIG. 4B is made of a metal material harder than the metal member 1 to be joined, such as tool steel, and has a cylindrical shoulder portion G1 and a lower end surface G11 of the shoulder portion G1. A projecting stirring pin (probe) G2 is provided.

  The lower end surface G11 of the shoulder portion G1 is formed in a concave shape like the temporary joining rotary tool F. The stirring pin G2 hangs down from the center of the lower end surface G11 of the shoulder portion G1, and is formed into a tapered truncated cone shape in this embodiment. In addition, a stirring blade engraved in a spiral shape is formed on the peripheral surface of the stirring pin G2.

In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, friction is applied to the abutting portion J1 between the first metal member 1a and the second metal member 1b from the front surface A side and the rear surface B side using the main rotating tool G for bonding. The length L ₁ of the stirring pin G2 of the main rotating tool G (see FIG. 4B) is set so that the plasticized regions W1 and W2 formed by the friction stirring do not reach the groove K when stirring. Is set.

In the first tab material joining process, the temporary joining process, and the second tab material joining process, as shown in FIG. 6, the temporary joining rotary tool F is moved so as to form a one-stroke writing movement trajectory (bead). The friction stir is continuously performed on the abutting portions J2, J1, and J3. That is, the stirring pin F2 (see FIG. 4 (a)) of the temporary welding rotary tool F inserted at the friction stirring start position _SP is moved to the end position E _P without being removed halfway. In the present embodiment, the start position S _P output friction stir First tab member 2 is provided, although the end position E _P provided on the second tab member 3, the position of the start position S _P and the end position E _P It is not intended to limit.

First, before the first tab member joining process, as shown in FIG. 5 (a), to position the rotary tool F for temporary bonding directly on the start position S _P provided in place of the first tab member 2, followed by Te presses the stirring pin F2 at the start position S _P is lowered while the right rotating the rotary tool F for temporary joining.
The rotational speed of the rotary tool F for temporary joining is set according to the size and shape of the stirring pin F2, the material and thickness of the metal member 1 to be joined by friction stirring, etc. It is set within a range of 500 to 2000 rpm.

  When the stirring pin F2 comes into contact with the surface of the first tab member 2, the metal around the stirring pin F2 is plastically fluidized by frictional heat, and the stirring pin F2 is moved to the first tab member 2 as shown in FIG. Inserted into.

  When the entire stirring pin F2 enters the first tab member 2 and the entire lower end surface F11 of the shoulder portion F1 contacts the surface of the first tab member 2, as shown in FIG. While rotating, relative movement is made toward the starting point s2 of the first tab material joining step.

The moving speed (feeding speed) of the temporary joining rotary tool F is set according to the size and shape of the stirring pin F2, the material and thickness of the metal member 1 to be joined by friction stirring, In this case, it is set within the range of 100 to 1000 mm / min. The rotational speed during movement of the temporary joining rotary tool F is set to be the same as or lower than the rotational speed during insertion.
Note that when the temporary welding rotary tool F is moved, the axis of the shoulder portion F1 may be slightly inclined to the rear side in the traveling direction with respect to the vertical line. The direction of the joining rotary tool F can be easily changed, and complicated movement is possible.
When the rotary tool F for temporary joining is moved, the metal around the stirring pin F2 is sequentially plastically fluidized, and the plastic fluidized metal is hardened again at a position away from the stirring pin F2.

  When the frictional stirring is continuously performed up to the starting point s2 of the first tab material joining step by relatively moving the temporary tool for rotating F, the temporary joining rotary tool F is not detached at the starting point s2 of the first tab material joining step. Then, the process proceeds to the first tab material joining process as it is.

  In the first tab material joining step, friction agitation is performed on the abutting portion J2 between the metal member 1 to be joined and the first tab material 2. Specifically, by setting a friction stir route on the joint (boundary line) between the metal member 1 to be bonded and the first tab member 2, and moving the rotary tool F for temporary bonding along the route, Friction stirring is performed on the abutting portion J2. In the present embodiment, the friction stir is continuously performed from the start point s2 to the end point e2 of the first tab material joining step without causing the temporary joining rotary tool F to be detached on the way.

  In addition, when the rotary tool F for temporary joining is rotated to the right, there is a possibility that a fine cavity defect may be generated on the left side of the traveling direction of the temporary tool F for temporary joining. It is desirable to set the positions of the start point s2 and the end point e2 of the first tab material joining step so that the metal member 1 to be joined is located on the right side of the first tab material. If it does in this way, since it becomes difficult to generate | occur | produce a cavity defect in the to-be-joined metal member 1 side, a high quality joined body can be obtained.

  Incidentally, when the temporary bonding rotary tool F is rotated counterclockwise, a fine cavity defect may occur on the right side of the moving direction of the temporary bonding rotary tool F. It is desirable to set the positions of the start point and the end point of the first tab material joining process so that the metal member 1 to be joined is located on the left side of the first tab material.

  In addition, when the stirring pin F2 of the rotary tool F for temporary joining enters the abutting portion J2, a force for separating the metal member 1 to be bonded and the first tab material 2 acts, but the metal member 1 to be bonded and the first tab Since the respective corners formed by the material 2 are temporarily joined by welding, no openings are generated between the metal member 1 to be joined and the first tab material 2.

  When the rotary tool F for temporary joining reaches the end point e2 of the first tab material joining process, the friction stir is continuously performed to the start point s1 of the temporary joining process without ending the friction stirring at the end point e2, and the temporary joining process is performed as it is. Transition. That is, the frictional stirring is continued without detaching the temporary welding rotary tool F from the end point e2 of the first tab material joining process to the starting point s1 of the temporary joining process, and further, the temporary joining rotary tool F is detached at the start point s1. It moves to a temporary joining process without it. If it does in this way, the separation | elimination work of the rotary tool F for temporary joining in the end point e2 of a 1st tab material joining process becomes unnecessary, and also the insertion work of the rotational tool F for temporary joining in the start point s1 of a temporary joining process is unnecessary. Therefore, the efficiency and speed of the preliminary joining work can be improved.

  In this embodiment, the friction stir route from the end point e2 of the first tab material joining step to the start point s1 of the temporary joining step is set to the first tab material 2, and the temporary joining rotary tool F is set to the first tab material joining step. The first tab member 2 is formed with a movement locus when moving from the end point e2 to the start point s1 of the temporary joining step. If it does in this way, since the cavity defect becomes difficult to generate | occur | produce in the to-be-joined metal member 1 in the process from the end point e2 of a 1st tab material joining process to the start point s1 of a temporary joining process, obtaining a high quality joined body. Can do.

  In the temporary joining step, friction agitation is performed on the abutting portion J1 between the first metal member 1a and the second metal member 1b. Specifically, the temporary welding rotary tool F is continuously moved from the start point s1 to the end point e1 along the friction stir route set on the joint between the first metal member 1a and the second metal member 1b. Thus, friction stirring is performed over the entire length of the abutting portion J1.

  When the rotary tool F for temporary joining reaches the end point e1 of the temporary joining process, the friction stirring is not finished at the end point e1, and the process proceeds to the second tab material joining process as it is. That is, the process proceeds to the second tab material joining step without detaching the temporary joining rotary tool F at the end point e1 of the temporary joining step, which is also the starting point s3 of the second tab material joining step.

  In the second tab material joining step, friction agitation is performed on the abutting portion J3 between the metal member 1 to be joined and the second tab material 3. In this embodiment, since the starting point s3 of the second tab material joining step is located in the middle of the abutting portion J3, the turning point m3 is turned to the friction stirring route from the starting point s3 to the end point e3 of the second tab material joining step. Is provided. Then, after the temporary welding rotary tool F (see FIG. 4B) is moved from the start point s3 to the turning point m3, the temporary joining rotary tool F is moved from the turning point m3 to the end point e3. Friction stirring is continuously performed from the start point s3 to the end point e3 of the tab material joining step. The friction stir route from the start point s3 to the turning point m3 and the friction stir route from the turning point m3 to the end point e3 are set on the joint between the metal member 1 to be joined and the second tab member 3, respectively.

Once the temporary joining rotation tool F reaches the end point e3 of the second tab member joining step, without terminating the friction stir at the end point e3, the friction stir continuously until the end position E _P provided on the second tab member 3 Do. In the present embodiment, the end position E _P is provided on the extended line of the joint (boundary line) between the first metal member 1a and the second metal member 1b.

Once the temporary joining rotation tool F reaches the end position E _P, it is raised while rotating the rotary tool F for temporary joining disengaging the stirring pin F2 from the end position E _P with.
Incidentally, a drain hole which is formed when is disengaged stirring pin F2 from the end position E _P By expanded like a drill, be formed prepared hole to S _M which are set in the second tab member 3 Good. This pilot hole is provided for the purpose of reducing the insertion resistance (press-fit resistance) of the stirring pin G2 (see FIG. 4B) of the welding rotary tool G.

As shown in FIG. 7, the main joining step is a step of performing frictional stirring along the abutting portion J1 exposed on the surface A of the metal member 1 to be joined. In this bonding step of the present embodiment, the start position S _M of the friction stir set to the second tab member 3, and set the end position E _M in the first tab member 2, performing friction stir in the manner of a single stroke .

The main joining process will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS.
First, as shown in FIG. 8 (a), to position the main bonding rotation tool G immediately above the start position S _M, followed by the joining rotated while the tool G is rotated clockwise to descend the stirring pin G2 The tip is inserted into the second tab material 3. When the stirring pin G2 enters the second tab member 3, the metal around the stirring pin G2 is plastically fluidized.
Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 8B, if the entire stirring pin G2 enters the first tab member 2 and the entire lower end surface G11 of the shoulder portion G1 contacts the surface of the second tab member 3, friction will occur. While performing agitation, the main rotating tool G is relatively moved toward one end of the abutting portion J1 of the metal member 1 to be joined, and further, the abutting portion J3 is traversed to enter the abutting portion J1.
When the rotary tool for welding G is moved, the metal around the stirring pin G2 is plastically fluidized at the same time, and at the position away from the stirring pin G2, the plastic fluidized metal is again hardened and plasticized. Region W1 is formed.

  The moving speed (feeding speed) of the main rotating tool G for welding is set in accordance with the size and shape of the stirring pin G2, the material and thickness of the metal member 1 to be welded, etc. In many cases, it is set within a range of 30 to 300 mm / min.

  If the amount of heat input to the metal member 1 to be bonded is likely to be excessive, it is desirable to cool the surface of the main rotating tool G by supplying water from the surface A side. In addition, when cooling water enters between the first metal member 1a (see FIG. 6) and the second metal member 1b, there is a risk of generating an oxide film on the bonding surface. Since the joint between the first metal member 1a and the second metal member 1b is closed by the execution, it is difficult for cooling water to enter the joint portion of the metal member 1 to be joined, and the quality of the joint portion may be deteriorated. Absent.

As shown in FIG. 7, in the abutting portion J1, a friction stir route is set on the joint between the first metal member 1a and the second metal member 1b (on the movement trajectory in the temporary joining step), and along this route Friction stirring is continuously performed from one end of the abutting portion J1 to the other end by relatively moving the main rotating tool G for joining.
As shown in FIG. 8 (c), the rotary tool G for the joint, once moved relative to the other end of the butting portion J1, while friction stir not cross the butting portion J2, as it toward the end position E _M Move relative. In this way, in the main joining step, the plasticized region W1 is formed along the abutting portion J1.

In the present embodiment, the length L ₁ (see FIG. 4B) of the stirring pin G2 of the main rotating tool G is set so that the depth of the plasticized region W1 does not reach the groove K. Therefore, the filling member K1 inserted into the groove K does not plastically flow.
In addition, the metal plasticized on the front surface A side and the back surface B side from the groove portion K by the friction stir to the abutting portion J1 with the filling member K1 inserted is pressed from the rotating tool G for main joining. Therefore, it is possible to prevent movement into the groove K.

In the present embodiment, the friction stirring start position _SM is set on the extension line of the joint (boundary line) between the first metal member 1a and the second metal member 1b that appears on the surface A side of the metal member 1 to be joined. Therefore, the friction stir route in the main joining step can be made straight. By making the friction stir route straight, the moving distance of the main welding rotary tool G can be minimized, so that the first main welding process can be performed efficiently. The amount of wear can be reduced.

When the joining rotation tool G reaches the end position E _M, this joining rotation tool G is raised while rotating disengaging the stirring pin G2 from the end position E _M. Incidentally, when disengaging the stirring pin G2 upward in the end position E _M, although vent holes Q1 of the stirring pin G2 and substantially the same shape is to be inevitably formed, in the present embodiment, as it is leaving.

Rotational speed of the joining rotation tool G (rotational speed at withdrawal) when disengaging the stirring pin G2 of the joining rotation tool G from the end position E _M may be faster than the rotational speed at the time of movement desirable. In this way, as compared with the case where the same as the rotational speed at the time of moving the rotational speed at withdrawal, since detachment resistance of the stirring pin G2 decreases rapidly disengagement operations of the stirring pin G2 at the end position E _M It can be carried out.

In the present embodiment, although the start position S _M of the main bonding step is provided on the first tab member 2 may be provided on the second tab member 3. Moreover, in this embodiment, although the main joining process was performed using the tab material, the tab material is not necessarily provided.

(4) Second Main Joining Process The second main joining process is a process in which friction agitation is performed from the back surface B of the joined metal member 1 to the abutting portion J1, as shown in FIG.
In the second main joining step, when the first main joining step is completed, the metal member 1 to be joined is once removed from a friction stirrer (not shown) and fixed again with the back surface B facing upward. Since the second main joining step is the same as the first main joining step except that the tab material arranging step is not included, detailed description thereof is omitted. In addition, let the plasticization area | region formed at the 2nd main joining process be plasticization area | region W2. When the second main joining process is completed, the tab members 2 and 3 are cut and removed from the metal member 1 to be joined.

(5) Filling member removal step The filling member removal step is a step of removing the filling members K1 and K1 from the inside of the grooves K and K.
When the tab members 2 and 3 (see FIG. 3B) are removed from the bonded metal member 1 after the second main bonding step, the first side C and the second side D of the bonded metal member 1 are respectively filled. K1 and K1 are exposed.
In the filling member removing step, the filling members K1, K1 exposed on the first side surface C and the second side surface D of the metal member 1 to be joined are pulled out from the groove portions K, K and removed. At this time, since each groove part K, K has a triangular cross section, each groove part K, K is formed so as to expand from the inside to the outside of the second metal member 1b. It is easy to pull out the filling member K1 inserted into the.

(6) Groove part expansion process A groove part expansion process is a process of expanding each groove part K and K to the surface A side and the back surface B side of the to-be-joined metal member 1. FIG.
After the filling members K1 and K1 (see FIG. 9) are removed from the groove portions K and K in the filling metal removing step, in the groove portion expanding step, as shown in FIG. By cutting off the front surface A side (upper end portion) and the rear surface B side (lower end portion) of the groove portions K, K, the respective groove portions K, K are expanded to the front surface A side and the rear surface B side, The grooves K and K are brought into contact with the plasticized regions W1 and W2 formed in the second main joining process.

(7) Welding and joining process In the welding and joining process, welding is performed from the first side face C and the second side face D of the metal member 1 to be joined to the abutting portion J1, thereby filling the grooves K and K with the weld metal K2. It is a process to do.
In the welding and joining step, as shown in FIG. 10 (b), each groove portion K is subjected to overlay welding such as TIG welding or MIG welding in the groove portions K and K from the first side surface C and the second side surface D. , K is filled with weld metal K2. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 1, the to-be-joined metal member 1 by which the side surface 14a of the 1st metal member 1a and the end surface 11b of the 2nd metal member 1b were joined is formed.

  In addition, a welding joining process is not limited to TIG welding or MIG welding, You may perform other well-known welding. In addition, although the welding material may differ from the to-be-joined metal member 1, in this embodiment, the same material is used.

  According to the joining method of the first embodiment as described above, as shown in FIG. 1, in the welding joining process, with respect to the abutting portion J1 exposed on the first side face C and the second side face D of the metal member 1 to be joined. Thus, the welded metal member 1 can be joined relatively easily by performing welding joining. Moreover, by filling the groove portions K and K formed on the side surfaces 14b and 15b (see FIG. 2A) of the end surface 11b of the second metal member 1b with the weld metal, Since welding can be performed to the back and the welding area is widened, the strength of the joint portion can be increased.

  Further, in the first main joining step and the second main joining step, by performing frictional stirring on the abutting portion J1 with the filling member K1 inserted, plasticization is performed on the front surface A side and the rear surface B side from the groove portion K. Since the metal can be prevented from moving into the groove K due to the pressing from the main rotating tool G for joining, the groove K is not deformed and crushed during friction stirring.

  Further, in the groove expanding step, each groove K, K is brought into contact with the plasticized regions W1, W2 formed on the front surface A side and the back surface B side of the metal member 1 to be bonded, so that each groove K, Since the weld metals K2 and K2 filled in K come into contact with the plasticized regions W1 and W2, and the butt portions are sealed at the side surfaces C and D of the metal member 1 to be bonded, the metal member 1 to be bonded 1 The airtightness and watertightness of the joint can be improved.

The first embodiment of the present invention has been described above, but the present invention is not limited to the first embodiment, and can be appropriately changed in design without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
For example, in the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the axial cross section of the groove K formed in the second metal member 1b is a right-angled isosceles triangle, but the shape is not limited, and the groove K The shaft cross section may be other shapes such as a quadrangle.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 10A, in the groove expanding step, the groove K is expanded to the front surface A side and the back surface B side, and the plasticized region W1 formed in the first main bonding step and the second main bonding step. , W2 is in contact with the groove K, but without extending the groove K to the front surface A side and the rear surface B side, from the surface A at the abutting portion J1 exposed on the side surfaces C, D of the metal member 1 to be joined. The butt portion J1 may be sealed by performing overlay welding such as TIG welding or MIG welding between the groove portion K and between the back surface B and the groove portion K.

[Second Embodiment]
As shown in FIG. 11, the joining method of the second embodiment is to be joined to the abutting portion J10 of the joined metal member 1 ′ formed by abutting the end surfaces of the first metal member 1a and the second metal member 1b. After the friction stir welding is performed from the front surface A and the back surface B of the metal member 1 ′, the welding is performed from the first side surface C and the second side surface D of the metal member 1 ′.

  In the joining method of the second embodiment, the end surfaces of the first metal member 1a and the second metal member 1b are butted together (1) and a filling member (not shown) in the grooves K and K of the second metal member 1b. ) Is inserted, and the friction stir welding is performed from the surface A of the metal member 1 ′ to be joined to the abutting portion J10. (3) The first main joining step and the metal to be joined to the abutting portion J10 Friction stirring is performed from the back surface B of the member 1 ′ (4) the second main joining step, the filling member is removed from each of the grooves K, K, (5) the filling member removal step, and the grooves K, K are joined. (6) Groove part expansion process of expanding to the front surface A side and the back surface B side of the metal member 1 and welding each groove part K, And (7) a welding joining step of filling K with a weld metal K2. The joining method of the second embodiment is the same as each step of the joining method of the first embodiment, except that the end surfaces of the first metal member 1a and the second metal member 1b are butted in the joining process. Therefore, description of each process is abbreviate | omitted.

  In the second embodiment, the groove K may be formed in the first metal member 1a, and the groove K may be formed in both the second metal member 1b and the first metal member 1a. In the case where the groove K is formed in both the second metal member 1b and the first metal member 1a, the bonding area can be increased, so that the strength of the bonded portion of the metal member 1 to be bonded can be increased.

It is the perspective view which showed the to-be-joined metal member joined by the joining method of 1st embodiment. It is the figure which showed the butt | matching process of 1st embodiment, (a) is a perspective view before matching a 1st metal member and a 2nd metal member, (b) is a 1st metal member and a 2nd metal member. It is a perspective view after matching. It is the figure which showed the filling member insertion process and 1st main joining process of 1st embodiment, (a) is the perspective view which showed the filling member insertion process, (b) is the perspective view which showed the tab material arrangement | positioning process. . It is the figure which showed the rotary tool of 1st embodiment, (a) is a side view of the rotary tool for temporary joining, (b) is a side view of the rotary tool for main joining. It is the figure which showed the use condition of the rotary tool for temporary joining of 1st embodiment, (a) is a side view when the rotary tool for temporary joining is made to contact | abut to a 1st tab material, (b) is for temporary joining. It is a side view when a rotary tool is pushed into the first tab material. It is the top view which showed the 1st tab material joining process in the 1st main joining process of 1st embodiment, the temporary joining process, and the 2nd tab material joining process. It is the top view which showed the main joining process in the 1st main joining process of 1st embodiment. It is II sectional drawing of FIG. 7 which showed the 1st main joining process of 1st embodiment, (a) showed the start position, (b) showed the intermediate part, (c) showed the friction stir welding of the end position. FIG. It is sectional drawing which showed the 2nd main joining process of 1st embodiment. It is the figure which showed the groove part expansion process and welding joining process of 1st embodiment, (a) is sectional drawing which showed the groove part expansion process, (b) is sectional drawing which showed the welding joining process. It is the perspective view which showed the to-be-joined metal member joined by the joining method of 2nd embodiment. It is sectional drawing which showed the conventional joining method.

Explanation of symbols

1 Joined metal member (first embodiment)
1 'metal member to be joined (second embodiment)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1a 1st metal member 1b 2nd metal member 2 1st tab material 3 2nd tab material 11b End surface of 2nd metal member 14a Side surface of 1st metal member J1 Butting part (1st embodiment)
J10 butt part (second embodiment)
A surface B back surface C first side surface D second side surface K groove part K1 filling member K2 weld metal W1 plasticizing region W2 plasticizing region F temporary rotating tool G temporary rotating tool for main bonding

Claims (5)

A joining method in which friction stir is performed on a metal member to be joined formed by abutting the side surface of the first metal member and the end surface of the second metal member,
A filling member insertion step of inserting the filling member into the groove formed on the side surface of the end surface of the second metal member;
A first main joining step in which friction agitation is performed from the surface of the metal member to be joined to the abutting portion between the first metal member and the second metal member;
After the first main joining step, a second main joining step in which friction agitation is performed from the back surface of the metal member to be joined to the abutting portion;
A filling member removing step of removing the filling member from the groove portion;
Welding and joining the weld metal in the groove by welding from the side surface of the metal member to be joined to the abutting portion;
A bonding method comprising: A joining method in which friction stir is performed on a metal member to be joined formed by abutting end surfaces of a first metal member and a second metal member,
A filling member insertion step of inserting a filling member into a groove formed on a side surface of at least one end face of the first metal member and the second metal member;
A first main joining step in which friction agitation is performed from the surface of the metal member to be joined to the abutting portion between the first metal member and the second metal member;
After the first main joining step, a second main joining step in which friction agitation is performed from the back surface of the metal member to be joined to the abutting portion;
A filling member removing step of removing the filling member from the groove portion;
Welding and joining the weld metal in the groove by welding from the side surface of the metal member to be joined to the abutting portion;
A bonding method comprising:   After the filling member removing step, the groove portion is expanded to the front surface side and the back surface side of the bonded metal member, and the groove portion is formed in the plasticized region formed on the front surface side and the back surface side of the bonded metal member by friction stirring. The joining method according to claim 1, wherein a groove part expanding step is performed to make the contact.   The joining method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the groove is formed along a side edge of the end face, and the axial cross section is triangular.   The joining method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a temporary joining step of temporarily joining the abutting portions is performed before the first main joining step and the second main joining step. .

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