JP2009095766A - Fermentation apparatus of septic waste - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To carry out fermentation treatment at high speed and high efficiency and lessen the effect of dew condensation on a building by making the amount of water contained in an object to be treated adjustable without diffusing steam or malodor generated from the object to be treated in a fermentation building. <P>SOLUTION: An upper part aperture 2a of a fermentation tank main body 2 is covered with a cover body 10 to form a diffusion prevention space 12 for steam between the surface of the object B to be treated and the cover body 10. Ducts 13 made of concrete are continuously installed in both sides of the fermentation tank main body and communicated with the diffusion prevention space through a communication path 14 to suck steam to the gas discharge ducts from the diffusion prevention space. The chains 11 in both sides of the cover body are intermeshed with sprockets 6 and 7 of a turning-over unit 3 to operate the turning-over unit in a state of hiding the turning-over unit in the inside of the cover body. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a fermenting apparatus for septic waste using a fermenter, and in particular, to a fermentation for efficiently fermenting septic waste contained in a fermenter.

  When fermenting the to-be-processed object which is a septic waste in a fermenter, it is generally performed as follows. That is, as shown in the conceptual block diagram of FIG. 6, the to-be-processed object B is accommodated in the fermentation tank A installed in the fermentation ridge, for example, the conveyor-type turning device C with a raking member is used as the input end D of the fermentation tank A. From the discharge end E to the discharge end E, and the workpiece B is sequentially moved to the discharge end side while turning back and forth. The to-be-processed object B in a fermenter turns into a to-be-processed object of fermentation early stage, fermentation middle stage, and fermentation late stage with a movement, and is finally taken out as a fermentation product.

  In order to perform fermentation efficiently in a fermenter, it is necessary to adjust the moisture content of a processed material while supplying sufficient air to the processed material in each fermentation process. Since the air supply can employ the atmospheric contact by the above-mentioned turnover and the forced air supply from the lower side or the side of the fermentation tank, it is not always difficult to control this.

  On the other hand, the moisture adjustment of the object to be treated in the fermentation tank has to rely exclusively on the evaporation of water vapor due to the heat of fermentation. Since the upper opening of the fermenter is open, water vapor generated with the fermentation is naturally diffused into the fermentation building. Such spontaneous emission largely depends on the amount of transpiration of water vapor depending on the atmospheric environment in the fermentation building, and it is not easy to adjust the water content of the object to be treated in each fermentation process. For example, since the surface of the object to be processed in the fermentation tank is always in contact with the normal temperature atmosphere, when the temperature is low as in winter, a part of the water vapor is condensed on the surface of the object to be processed. In a wet state different from the inside. As a result, the diffusion of water vapor is hindered, which causes the fermentation to be delayed due to a decrease in the product temperature and the amount of water vapor transpiration.

  As one means for preventing this, it is conceivable to externally heat or heat the object to be processed using a fossil fuel, a heater or the like. Although it is a comparatively small fermenter in patent document 1, while providing the lighting means for taking in an external light heat source in a fermenter, the heat storage for storing the heat taken in from this lighting means inside a fermenter There has been proposed a fermentation promoting apparatus provided with means (heat storage medium or the like).

  Moreover, the water vapor | steam dissipated from the to-be-processed object in a fermentation tank becomes a huge quantity. The diffused water vapor diffuses and condenses not only on the surface of the building frame and structural materials but also into the gaps, impairing the durability of the building. There is also a limit to the amount released to the outside of the fermentation building through the ventilation openings, windows, or doorways. In a fermentation building around an urban area where odor emission is a pollution problem, the fermentation building must be closed and the fermentation process must be performed, and therefore, a means for collecting water vapor and odor is provided.

In Patent Literature 2, an air supply means and a filter unit for blowing air toward the atmosphere side are provided in a ventilation passage that opens the compost building to the atmosphere, and according to the amount of gas that generates the air blowing capability of the air supply means. A deodorizing device for a compost building that can be adjusted to a large or small size is disclosed. Patent Document 3 proposes a technique in which an odor collection hood is installed above the fermentation tank, and the generated odor is guided from the odor collection hood to a deodorization device through a ventilation opening.
Japanese Patent Publication No. 2005-263563 Japanese Patent Publication No. 2004-250298 Japanese Patent Publication No. 2002-234783

  Although all the above prior arts are mainly aimed at collecting odors, water vapor is also collected. However, in order to maintain the transpiration amount of steam and the heat of fermentation, the technology of arranging the heat source outside or inside the fermentation tank not only costs equipment, but also requires relatively frequent maintenance, and the running cost Is bulky.

  Moreover, once water vapor | steam and odor are diffused from the wide opening of a fermentation tank upper part, it will spread | diffuse to the whole region in a fermentation building. For this reason, even if a ventilation passage or odor collection hood is installed in one area of the fermentation building space, even if it is sucked by suction means, water vapor and odor that cannot be collected remain, and these gradually accumulate in the fermentation building space. It will fill the space in the fermentation building. Once steam and odor are filled in the fermentation building, it becomes increasingly difficult to collect.

  Even if a large-capacity suction means is used to increase the suction power when collecting water vapor and odors, not only will it not be possible to control the amount of water vapor transpiration, but there will still be a large amount of water vapor and odor that cannot be collected. In many cases, running costs such as electricity bills increase.

  The object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned problems of the fermentation treatment technology using a conventional fermenter. That is, the present invention collects water vapor and odor generated from the object to be processed in the fermentation tank immediately after the occurrence without diffusing into the fermentation building, and enables adjustment of the amount of water contained in the object to be processed. Thus, the present invention provides a fermentation apparatus capable of speeding up and improving the efficiency of the fermentation process and reducing the influence on the building caused by the condensation of water vapor.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is characterized in that it comprises the following configuration.
That is, the apparatus of the present invention travels from a fermenting tank that contains a processing object made of perishable waste and a processing object input end to a discharging end of the fermenting tank, and performs the processing object while turning the processing object. The present invention relates to an improvement of a fermenting apparatus for septic waste provided with a turn-back device that sequentially moves the waste to the discharge end side.

  In the fermenting apparatus for septic waste according to the present invention, the fermenter is between the track for running the turning device and the surface of the object deposited in the fermenter by covering the upper opening of the fermenter body. A cover body that forms a diffusion-preventing space for water vapor generated from the object to be processed by fermentation heat and has chains attached to both ends, an exhaust path formed adjacent to both sides of the fermentation tank body, and this exhaust path In order to allow the diffusion prevention space to communicate with each other, a communication passage formed continuously or discontinuously in the length direction on both side walls of the fermentation tank main body, and air containing water vapor in the diffusion prevention space from the communication passage to the exhaust passage. And suction means for discharging to the outside.

  In the turning device, sprockets are rotatably attached to the left, right, upper, and lower four corners of the front and rear parts, and these sprockets are engaged with the chain of the cover body, so that they run on the rails while being embedded in the cover body. .

  As for the said fermenter, all the parts except the input port vicinity of a to-be-processed object are covered with a cover body among upper openings. Thereby, the diffusion prevention space of the water vapor | steam generated from the to-be-processed object by the fermentation heat is formed between the surface of the to-be-processed object deposited in the fermentation tank, and the cover body back surface. And water vapor | steam is discharged | emitted outside a fermenter through this diffusion prevention space. Here, the water vapor collected and discharged from the diffusion prevention space also contains an odor component.

  For example, water vapor in the diffusion prevention space is sucked from an exhaust passage having a communication passage communicating with the diffusion prevention space on the upper side walls of the fermentation tank, and is discharged outside the fermentation tank. This communication path is formed continuously or discontinuously along the length direction of the fermentation tank, and the amount of water vapor collected in the diffusion prevention space is adjusted in the length direction of the fermentation tank. In the exhaust path, a partial blocking means is provided in the communication path, and the amount of water vapor sucked in the portion in the fermentation tank can be adjusted by adjusting the blocking degree of the blocking means according to the degree of fermentation.

  The turning device reciprocates in the longitudinal direction of the fermenter along the upper opening end of the fermenter by running on a rail laid on the top end of the fermenter. Sprockets provided at the left, right, top and bottom corners of the front and rear of the turning device engage with chains attached to both ends of the cover body, enabling the turning device to run in the cover body. To do.

  The cover body is preferably a flexible sheet material, but it has a basic position that covers the upper opening of the fermentation tank almost horizontally and a position where the chain is raised upward by being engaged with the sprocket of the turning device. Any material or structure can be used as long as it can be displaced between them. For example, a large number of rigid sheet materials having a required width may be provided continuously in the length direction of the fermentation tank. Further, the cover body may be provided with any means for pulling in the length direction at the front and rear ends in order to regulate the displacement in the width direction.

  The exhaust passage is constituted by a concrete duct formed in series on both sides of the upper part of the fermentation tank main body, and the diffusion prevention space is formed by a communication path formed along the length direction of the fermentation tank main body on the upper side wall of the fermentation tank main body. It is desirable to communicate with.

The present invention has the following effects.
By covering the upper opening of the fermentation tank with a cover body and running the turning device so as to sink into the inside of the cover body, the diffusion prevention of water vapor containing odor components generated from the object to be processed is carried out above the object surface. Since the air containing the water vapor is exhausted to the outside through the exhaust passages on both sides of the fermentation tank body that forms a space and communicates with the diffusion prevention space, it is possible to diffuse water vapor and odor into the space in the fermentation building. Absent. And since water vapor | steam is discharged | emitted from the diffusion prevention space immediately after generation | occurrence | production, it can be collected efficiently.

  The anti-diffusion space is a space that is discharged to the outside as soon as water vapor or odor stays and is heated by the radiant heat of the fermentation heat, making it difficult for water vapor to condense on the surface of the object to be treated. Condensation is less likely to occur on the back of the body.

  While the steam is generated, it is quickly led out of the fermentation tank from the diffusion prevention space, and the heat of fermentation becomes difficult to escape from the treatment tank, so that external factors that inhibit fermentation are reduced and the fermentation process can be shortened. . In addition, by adjusting the suction force to the diffusion prevention space, the degree of drying of the surface of the object to be processed can be adjusted, which can contribute to the optimization of the fermentation process. Furthermore, by making it possible to partially close the communication path between the exhaust passage and the diffusion prevention space, it is possible to adjust the moisture according to the degree of fermentation together with the adjustment of the suction amount, and perform a more appropriate fermentation process. Can do.

  Unlike collecting water vapor and odor diffused in a wide space in the fermentation building, water vapor and odor are collected from a narrow diffusion prevention space, so there is no need to use a large-capacity suction means as in the past, This can contribute to the reduction of manufacturing costs and running costs for the entire plant. Moreover, since the mechanism member is not installed in the fermentation tank, the maintenance is minimally necessary.

  Since water vapor does not diffuse in the fermentation building, it is possible to remove the factor that impairs the durability of the fermentation building due to condensation, and maintain the useful life of the building equivalent to that of a general building.

  The chain attached to both ends of the cover body is meshed with the sprockets provided on the left and right sides of the front and rear of the turning device, so that the turning device can go inside the cover body without shifting the cover body in the width direction. Thus, it is possible to travel reliably, and there is no hindrance to the formation of the diffusion prevention space by the cover body while providing a turning device outside the fermentation tank.

  Because the cover body is only partially displaced from the basic position covering the upper opening of the fermentation tank almost horizontally by the meshing relationship between the chain and the sprocket, the flexible sheet material, Or it can manufacture comparatively easily with the member etc. which provided many sheet pieces which have some rigidity.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5.
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fermentation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 1 is a general concrete fermenter having an elongated rectangular parallelepiped shape with a length of 80 m, a width of 3 m, and a depth of 1.5 m, in which an object to be treated B is accommodated and forced from the bottom. Air is sent into the workpiece to ferment the workpiece. Reference numeral 2 is a main body part of the fermentation tank in which the object to be treated is accommodated, reference numeral 2 a is an open upper opening of the fermentation tank main body 2, and reference numeral 3 is a pair of left and right laid along the top end of the fermentation tank 1. It is a rail.

  Reference numeral 4 denotes a turning device that is guided by the rail 3 and travels in the longitudinal direction of the fermenter 1. The front workpiece B is lifted up by a conveyor 5 with a bucket provided at the lower part and dropped backward. By doing so, the workpiece B is turned over while traveling at a slow speed.

  Sprockets 6a to 6d and 7a to 7d are rotatably attached to the turning device 4 at the upper, lower, left and right corners of the front surface portion and the rear surface portion, respectively. The lower sprockets 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b are similarly rotatably attached to the back so that pressing rollers 8, 9 form a pair. These sprockets 6 and 7 are driven in synchronism with the traveling operation of the turning device 4 and rotate clockwise with respect to the traveling direction of the turning device 4.

  The code | symbol 10 is a cover body which covers the upper opening 2a of the fermenter main body 2, and it goes over the discharge port 2c of the fermenter main body 2 from the position slightly away from the inlet 2b of the fermenter 1 by flexible sheet materials, such as a vinyl sheet. It is formed in a size that covers almost the entire region of the upper opening 2 (the whole in the width direction and the length direction).

  The sheet material of the cover body 10 may be reinforced by a horizontal frame made of a flexible material having flexibility at a predetermined pitch. Further, the entire cover body 10 may be formed of a single sheet material, but a plurality of cover pieces having a required length may be provided continuously in a caterpillar shape in the longitudinal direction of the fermentation tank.

  A chain 11 is attached to the cover body 10 along both end portions thereof. The pair of left and right chains 11 are located at a width that meshes with the sprockets 6 and 7 of the turning device 4. Moreover, the front-back direction both ends of the cover body 10 are being fixed to the top end of the fermenter 1 so that the cover body 10 has a certain amount of space in the length direction. A tension that always pulls in the length direction may be applied.

  Between the said cover body 10 and the to-be-processed object B deposited on the fermentation tank main body 2, the diffusion prevention space 12 of the air containing water vapor | steam is formed (refer FIG. 4 and FIG. 5). The front end located on the fermenter input side of the diffusion preventing space 12 is closed by the cover body 10, while the rear end located on the discharge side is open.

  An intake duct 15 is formed on one side of the diffusion prevention space 12 along the longitudinal direction of the fermentation tank main body 2, and an exhaust duct 13 is formed on the other side. The intake duct 15 and the exhaust duct 13 communicate with the diffusion preventing space 12 through the communication path 14. In the example shown in the drawing, the intake duct 15 and the exhaust duct 13 are formed integrally with the fermentation tank main body 2 and made of concrete.

  The exhaust duct 13 has a base end connected to a connecting duct (not shown), and the connecting duct drawn out of the fermentation building is connected to a suction unit. The communication path 14 is a relatively narrow path and is formed continuously or discontinuously along the longitudinal direction of the fermenter body 2.

The use state of the above apparatus will be described.
The to-be-processed object B is thrown into the fermenter main body 2, and when the predetermined amount is reached, the turning device 4 is operated. The turning device 4 is initially retracted from the start end direction of the cover body 10 and is embedded in the cover body. That is, the chain 11 on both sides of the cover body start end is first meshed with the lower sprockets 7a, 7b at the rear of the turning device, and then the upper sprockets 6c, 6d at the front are straddled from the upper sprockets 7c, 7d at the rear to the roof of the turning device 4. By sequentially passing the lower sprockets 6a and 6b through, the front portion, the roof portion, and the rear portion of the turning device 4 are covered with the cover body 10. In this state, the fermenter body 2 is covered with the cover body 10 and the bottom of the turning device 4 except for the vicinity of the inlet and the outlet of the workpiece B.

  The switching device 4 lifts the cover body 10 from the position where the upper opening 2a of the fermentation tank main body 2 is closed and then returns to the closed position again to move back and forth in the longitudinal direction of the fermentation tank 1. Will not shift in the width direction. The turning device 10 moves along the rail 11, the cover body 10 is guided by the lower sprockets 6 a, 6 b, 7 a, 7 b of the turning device 4 to return to the fermenter top surface, and inside the chain 11 This is because the parallel rails 3 and 3 are laid to suppress the shift of the chain 11 in the width direction.

  The turning device 4 repeats forward and backward in small increments in the initial stage of operation when the amount of the processed material B in the fermenter body is small, and gradually increases the amount of the processed material B in the fermenter body. Proceed with fermentation. This point is the same in a fermenter having a conventional turning device. However, the apparatus of the present invention is different in that the fermenter body 2 is covered with the cover body 10 and the turning device 4 is turned over in a state where the turning device 4 is buried in the cover body. And the to-be-processed object B is processed slowly without considering the degree of fermentation conventionally, while moving the inside of a fermentation tank main body in a discharge port direction, but in this invention apparatus, it is quick and appropriate. Fermentation is performed.

  In the device of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the diffusion prevention space 12 covered by the cover body 10 and the surrounding environmental structure greatly affect the fermentation. The upper opening 2a of the fermentation tank main body 2 is covered with the cover body 10 (or the cover body 10 and the bottom of the turning device), so that a diffusion preventing space is formed between the workpiece B deposited in the fermentation tank main body and the lower surface of the cover body. 12 is formed.

  When a suction unit (not shown) is operated, the diffusion prevention space 12 receives a suction force via the discharge duct 13 and the communication path 14. By this suction force, air is introduced into the diffusion prevention space 12 through the intake duct 15 and the rear end (exhaust port 2c) of the diffusion prevention space 12, and a strong flow from the intake duct 15 toward the exhaust duct 13 is formed. .

  The water vapor that has started to evaporate due to the fermentation heat of the object to be processed B is prevented from evaporating outward by the upper cover body 10, and the strong air flow that flows in the diffusion prevention space 12 from the intake duct 15 toward the exhaust duct. Thus, the air is sucked into the exhaust duct 13 through the communication passage 14 (see FIGS. 4 and 5).

  Even though the generated water vapor is a narrow space, there is almost no time to stay in the diffusion prevention space 12 and the air is quickly guided to the exhaust duct 13, so that the surface of the workpiece B is dried and further generation of water vapor is promoted. . Since the inside of the deposition layer of the workpiece B is not cooled by the air flow, the conventional high temperature state is maintained.

  By appropriately adjusting the suction amount of the suction unit, the amount of water vapor collected per unit time can be changed, so that the moisture contained in the object to be processed can be adjusted. Thereby, adjustment to the appropriate moisture content by the progress degree of fermentation is attained. Further, if the suction amount is decreased to weaken the air flow, radiant heat due to the fermentation heat of the object to be processed B accumulates in the diffusion prevention space 12 and warms the cover body 10, so that water vapor does not condense on the back surface of the cover body.

  Even when the switching device 4 is operating, the water vapor may be sucked. Since water vapor (including odor) hardly leaks out of the fermentation tank, it does not pollute the environment of the internal space of the fermentation building or cause adverse effects.

  A shielding plate that partially closes the communication passage 14 of the exhaust duct 13 and the intake duct 15 in the length direction may be attached to be freely opened and closed. In addition, filters can be attached to the open portions at both ends of the diffusion prevention space 12.

  In places where fermentation progresses and the amount of water contained in the object to be processed is reduced, it is necessary to reduce the evaporation of water vapor. In such a case, the shielding plate is closed to suppress extreme drying of the surface of the object to be processed at the location. The evaporated water vapor is sucked into the exhaust duct 13 through the communication passage 14.

  In addition, in the apparatus of the said embodiment, supply of the air and moisture required for fermentation of a to-be-processed object lays the air supply line which supplies the air for fermentation to the main-body bottom part of a fermenter, a both-sides wall lower part, etc., for example. The air supply means described above is provided, and the moisture return means is mounted on the turning device.

  The cover body used in the device of the present invention may be composed of a plurality of parts that can be separated and joined in the length direction. Moreover, the processed material which completed fermentation and reached the discharge port of the fermenter main body is removed from a fermenter main body by an appropriate means, and is transferred to a predetermined place.

The schematic block diagram of the fermentation apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. The block diagram of the apparatus which shows the state which was in the apparatus of FIG. 1 and the switching apparatus moved the fermenter main body to the discharge port side. The schematic block diagram which shows the relationship between the turning device used for the apparatus of this invention which concerns on FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, and a cover body. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which crosses the longitudinal direction of the fermenter of FIG. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which crosses the longitudinal direction of the fermenter of FIG. The schematic block diagram of the conventional apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

  1-fermentor, 2-fermentor body, 2a-fermenter body upper opening, 2b-inlet, 2c-discharger, 3-rail, 4-turning device, 5-conveyor, 6,7-sprocket, 10 -Cover body, 11-Chain, 12-Diffusion prevention space, 13-Exhaust duct, 14-Communication path, 15-Intake duct, A-Fermentation tank, B-Material to be treated, C-Turning device, D-Input end, E-discharge end.

Claims (5)

A fermenter that contains the processing object consisting of septic waste, and the fermenter that travels from the processing object input end to the discharge end of the fermenter, and sequentially moves the processing object to the discharge end side while turning over the processing object. In the fermenting apparatus for septic waste provided with a turning device, the fermenter is a cover that covers the track for running the turning device and the upper opening of the fermentation tank main body in which the object to be treated is accommodated. A cover body in which diffusion of water vapor generated from the object to be processed by fermentation heat is formed between the surface of the object to be processed and a chain is attached to both ends, and adjacent to both sides of the main body of the fermenter In order to connect the formed exhaust passage, the exhaust passage and the diffusion prevention space, the communication passage formed continuously or discontinuously in the length direction on both side walls of the fermentation tank main body, and the water vapor in the diffusion prevention space Communicating the contained air And a suction means for discharging to the outside through an exhaust passage, and the turning device has sprockets rotatably attached to the left and right, upper and lower four corners of the front and rear parts, and meshes these sprockets with the chain of the cover body. A fermenting apparatus for septic waste, characterized in that it travels on the track in a state where it is embedded in the cover body. The cover body covers the entire upper opening of the fermenter except for the portion close to the workpiece input port end of the fermenter over the entire length and width, and the chain is turned back from the basic position covering the upper opening almost horizontally. The fermentation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the fermentation apparatus is partially displaced to a position that rises upward by being engaged with a sprocket of the apparatus. The fermentation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cover body is made of a flexible sheet material. The exhaust path is a concrete duct formed in series on both sides of the upper part of the fermentation tank main body, and the diffusion preventing space is formed by a communication path formed along the length direction of the fermentation tank main body on the upper side wall of the fermentation tank main body. The fermentation apparatus according to claim 1, which communicates with the fermentation apparatus. The fermentation apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the exhaust passage includes a closing means for partially closing a communication passage formed in both side walls of the fermentation tank main body in the length direction.

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