JP2009091885A - Structure for joining horizontal laying member and another structural material together - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a structure for joining a horizontal laying member to another structural material, which can reduce a loss of the material by making a mortise 3 shallow, and which ensures a tenon connection. <P>SOLUTION: This joint structure is a fitting structure in which the shallow and wide mortise 3 and a tenon 4 corresponding to the mortise 3 are fitted together. The mortise 3 is provided with at least a bottom surface 5, side wall portions 6 and 7 on both sides, and a bottom wall portion 8 for connecting them together. An interval between both the side surfaces 6 and 7 becomes long in an upper half portion 9, and becomes short in a lower half portion 10; and a shoulder portion 11 is formed between the upper and lower half portions 9 and 10. Additionally, the side wall portions 6 and 7 on both the sides, and the bottom wall portion 8 for connecting them together are inclined in such a manner that an opening of the mortise 3 becomes wider inward, so as to constitute a dovetail groove structure. A load of the horizontal laying member 2 is borne in a decentralized manner by the shoulder portion 11 and the bottom wall portion 8. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a joint structure between a column and a horizontal member or between horizontal members.

In a wooden frame construction method house, a structure is often used in which the ends of horizontal members (beams, girders) are joined to other structural members (columns, horizontal members) by tenon coupling. The shape of the mortise and mortise varies, but at present, "large slotted groove joining" suitable for so-called precut processing is often used.
In pre-cut processing, a mortise is cut and formed with a rotary blade tool called a router, so that the mortise is U-shaped or oval with the side walls on both sides viewed from the front and the bottom wall being a semicircular arc. .
When assembling, the mortise guides the mortise downward at the straight portions on both sides of the U-shaped side wall and bears the load on the horizontal member at the semicircular arc bottom wall.

"Wood housing construction common specification", 2000 (2nd edition), Housing Finance Promotion Association, p. 42

In the “groove joint with large insertion”, since the side walls of the mortise are parallel to each other when viewed from the front and are U-shaped, the entire load of the horizontal member on the mortise side is a semicircular arc of the mortise. It acts directly on the bottom wall. For this reason, the load burden of a bottom wall part is large, and it is difficult to make shallow the depth of fitting of a mortise and a tenon (insertion dimension, usually 25 mm), that is, the side wall part and the bottom wall part.
If the insertion size is large, the loss of the material (horizontal member, column, etc.) becomes large on the mortise side, which is not preferable in terms of strength. In addition, the amount of protrusion increases on the tenon side, and stress tends to concentrate on the tenon base, which is also not preferable in terms of strength.

  This invention makes it a subject to provide the joining structure of the horizontal member which can couple | bond firmly with few defect | deletions of a material.

  The distance between the left and right side walls in the mortise is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, and the middle is the shoulder. The mortise and the tenon are fitted with a groove structure in which the front side is narrower than the rear side.

  A part of the horizontal member side load is supported by the shoulder portion formed on the side wall portion of the mortise, and the load burden on the bottom wall portion is dispersed. For this reason, a feed dimension can be made small and the defect | deletion of a material can be made small. Since the mortise fits with the mortise and has a groove structure, it can be firmly connected.

  FIG. 1 shows a horizontal frame 2 (105 mm wide, 180 mm beam) in the orthogonal direction and is mounted on the side surface of the horizontal member 1 (width 105 mm, beam 150 mm; other structural material). Tensile holes 3 (FIG. 2) are formed on the side surfaces of the receiving horizontal member 1, and tenons (FIG. 3) are formed on the ends of the horizontal member 2. ing. The mortise 4 and the mortise 3 are processed by a router, and constitute a fitting structure between the shallow and wide mortise 3 and the mortise 4 corresponding thereto. The mortise 4 and the mortise 3 are opposite in relation to the unevenness but have a structure corresponding to each other. Therefore, the mortise 3 will be mainly described below.

  The mortise 3 (FIG. 4) has a bottom surface 5, side wall portions 6 and 7 on both sides, and a bottom wall portion 8 connecting them, and the front surface and the upper portion are open. The mortise 3 has a shallow groove shape having at least a front surface having at least a front surface having a bottom surface 5, left and right side wall portions 6, 7 and a bottom wall portion 8 connecting the lower portions of the left and right side wall portions 6, 7. The distance between the left and right side wall portions 6 and 7 is wide at the upper half 9 and narrow at the lower half 10, and is continuous with a shoulder 11 to which the upper half 9 and the lower half 10 are gently connected. The bottom wall portion 8 is formed in an arc having the lowest center.

The mortise 3 has an upper opening width d1 = 102 mm, an overall height d2 = 132 mm, a width d3 = 48 mm of the lower half 10, and the shoulder 11 has an arc having a radius r1 = 27.5 mm inward and outward. Two are connected continuously, and the side wall part of the upper half part 9 and the side wall part of the lower half part 10 are smoothly continued by this part. The bottom wall portion 8 is formed of a semicircular arc having a radius r2 = 24 mm. The depth of the mortise 3 (depth dimensions of the side wall portions 6 and 7 and the bottom wall portion 8) d4 = 16 mm. Thus, the mortise 3 has a flat bottom surface 5 and a small depth dimension d4 compared to the size of the upper opening width d1 and the total height d2, so that it is wide and shallow as a whole. Moreover, since the depth dimension d4 is 16 mm, it is smaller than the conventional 24 mm. Each of the side wall portions 6 and 7 and the bottom wall portion 8 is inclined in a direction in which the back side is wider than the front side, and the mortise 3 has a “relief mortise” structure.
The mortise 4 (FIG. 3) has a form and a structure corresponding to the mortise 3 and is an “arrangement mortise”.

5 to 13 show the first embodiment. In this embodiment, a draw coupling structure using the draw metal 12 is used for the fitting structure of the mortise 3 and the mortise 4.
In this embodiment, the attracting metal 12 (FIGS. 8 to 13) is composed of a pulling bolt 13 with a square hole, a washer 14, a detent nut 15, a round nut 16 with a bolt, and a round nut 17. The double pull bolt 13 with a square hole is provided with a square hole 18 in which a square wrench can be hung on the front and rear end faces (FIG. 9A). The detent nut 15 is provided with a resin ring 19 in a threaded portion, and the resin ring 19 is crushed and tightened when tightened. The round nut 16 with a bolt is a connecting member, and includes a bolt portion 16a and a round nut portion 16b (FIG. 12B). The head of the round nut portion 16b has a round cylindrical shape, and a female screw 20 is formed from the tip, and a tool hook portion 21 is formed at the tip edge. The round nut 17 is screwed with the bolt portion of the bolt-equipped round nut 16 and has a female screw 22 penetrating therein and a tool hook 23 formed at the end edge. Yes.

  In order to use this attracting metal 12, a through hole 24 is formed by crossing the material from the center of the mortise 3 in the receiving horizontal member 1 (FIG. 6). Moreover, the through-hole 25 is formed in the hanging horizontal member 2 along the axial direction of a material from the center part of the tenon 4 (FIG. 7). Further, a mortise-type operation hole 26 is formed in the hanging horizontal member 2 downward from the upper surface of the material, and communicates with the front end of the through hole 25. The positions of the through holes 24 and the through holes 25 are adjusted so that they are on the same axis line in the axial direction of the bridge member 2. The through hole 25 has substantially the same length as the double pull bolt 13 with a square hole. The operation hole 26 has the minimum size necessary for operating the washer 14 inserted into the hole and the detent nut 15, and in this embodiment, the axial dimension d5 = 57 mm, the crossing. The direction dimension d6 = 60 mm and the depth d7 = 60 mm (FIG. 7).

The receiving horizontal member 1 and the hanging horizontal member 2 are prepared in a state in which an attracting hardware is attached to each at a joint processing factory. That is, in the receiving horizontal member 1, a round nut 16 with a bolt is inserted into the through-hole 24 from one side with the bolt portion as the front, and a round nut 17 is inserted from the other side of the through-hole 24. And screwed together. The bolted round nut 16 and the round nut 17 are attached so as not to protrude from the bottom surface 5 of the mortise 3.
In the horizontal frame member 2, the pull bolt 13 with a square hole is inserted into the through hole 25 of the tenon 4, the washer 14 is fitted to the tip of the operation hole 26, and then the detent nut 15 is screwed together ( FIG. 8). By attaching the washer 14 and the detent nut 15, the double pulling bolt 13 with a square hole does not fall off from the end of the horizontal member 2. In addition, the base of the double pull bolt 13 with a square hole is laid using the margin of the operation hole 26 and retracted from the rear end (tenon 4) of the horizontal member 2. In this state, the receiving horizontal member 1 and the horizontal member 2 are transported from the factory to the site.

  At the site, the end (tenon 4) of the horizontal member 2 is fitted into the mortise 3 of the receiving horizontal member 1 (other structural material) assembled as a part of the shaft assembly from above, and the vertical direction is ensured. Fit together. Next, in the case of the left side horizontal member 2, in FIG. 5, the pulling bolt 13 with a square hole is received from the operation hole 26 and pushed out to the horizontal member 1 side, and the leading end thereof is received through the horizontal member 1. The bolt is fitted into the female screw 20 of the round nut portion 16b of the round nut 16 with bolt fitted into the hole 24. In the same manner, the right side mounting member 2 is screwed into the female screw 22 of the round nut 17 that receives the rear end portion of the pulling bolt 13 with the square hole and is fitted in the through hole 24 of the horizontal member 1. These screwing operations are sufficiently screwed using the square hole 18 formed at the end of the pulling bolt 13 with the square hole. Then, in the left and right operation holes 26, the detent nut 15 is tightened and the receiving horizontal member 1 and the horizontal member 2 are drawn and tightened via the washer 14.

As described above, in the state where the joining and tightening are completed, the load of the horizontal member 2 is received and supported by the horizontal member 1. In this case, there are shoulder portions 11 on both side wall portions 6 and 7 of the mortise 3, and the load of the horizontal mounting member 2 is borne by the shoulder portions 11 on both sides together with the bottom wall portion 8, and is distributed over a wide range. To be paid. Thereby, even if the insertion dimension of the mortise 3 is small, it is possible to sufficiently support the load of the horizontal member 2.
For this reason, there is little defect | deletion amount of the material (receiving horizontal member 1 and the horizontal member 2) by joint processing.

Further, as in this embodiment, when the side wall portions 6 and 7 and the bottom wall portion 8 of the mortise 3 have the “arranged mortise” structure, the hanging horizontal member 2 is connected to the mortar 3 of the receiving horizontal member 1. Even when the tenon 4 is temporarily fitted, it is possible to prevent the horizontal suspension member 2 from being accidentally dropped off, and to tighten the two members together with the attracting hardware 12.
The attracting metal 12 is located inside the material in the axial direction of the horizontal member 2 and is not visible from the outside, and is suitable for the so-called “appearance method”. In addition, since the attracting metal 12 is attracted along the axis near the center of the material, it is most efficient and attracting force acts on an eccentric position (for example, the upper surface of the material) far from the axis. Compared to the case, deformation of the shaft assembly and the material itself is suppressed.

  FIG. 14 shows an example of a fore edge shape in the case where the beam formation (height h) of the horizontal cross member 2 is different, and the tenon 4 is visible. In these examples, the width “b” of the horizontal member 2 is 105 mm. 14a is h = 390 mm, the opening width d1 = 102 mm above the tenon 4 (described as the dimensions of the mortise 3, the same applies hereinafter), the total height d2 = 324 mm, the lower half The width of the part d3 = 48 mm, the depth of the mortise d4 = 15 mm, the beam of the horizontal member 2 is 105 mm, the upper opening width d1 = 102 mm, the total height d2 = 96 mm, the lower half The width d3 = 48 mm and the mortise depth d4 = 15 mm. In this way, the total height of the mortise 3 and the mortise 4 is changed according to the beam formation to prevent the beam from being deformed to be twisted when the beam formation is large. In addition, the receiving horizontal member 1 and the horizontal member 2 can adopt various beam formations according to the magnitude of the load to be borne.

FIG. 15 shows another example of the shape of the mortise 3. In this example, the mortise 3 has a tapered arrangement in which the left and right side wall portions 6 and 7 are not parallel to each other in the front view but narrow in the downward direction in the front view. A shoulder 11 is formed between the upper half 9 and the lower half 10. A lower portion of the side wall portion in the lower half portion 10 is an arc-shaped bottom wall portion 8. The depth (d4) of the mortise 3 is the same as in the first embodiment. The mortise 3 has an “excise mortise” structure opened upward, and the total height of the mortise 3 and mortise 4 is changed according to the beam formation.
As in this embodiment, when the side wall of the mortise 3 is not parallel to the front view but is tapered, the load on the horizontal frame member 2 is further applied to the side walls 6 and 7 in addition to the shoulder 11. Since it is dispersed over the entire area, a so-called sticky structure is obtained in which the time until the joint is destroyed is long.

  16 and 17 show a joint structure based on the same technical idea as in the first to third embodiments, and an end portion of the receiving horizontal member 1 (another structural member) and an end portion of the horizontal member 2 The mortises 3 and 10 are joined together. In addition, it attracts with the attracting metal object 12 and is tightened. The structures of the mortise 3 and the mortise 4 are the same as in the case of the first embodiment, and the mortise 4 is dropped into the mortise 3 and fitted. The attracting metal 12 includes a pulling bolt 13 with square holes, a washer 14, and a detent nut 15 on the side of the receiving horizontal member 1, and a round nut 16 with bolt and a washer on the side of the horizontal member 2. 14 and a detent nut 15. The round nut 16 with a bolt of this embodiment has a bolt portion 16a that is as long as the double pulling bolt 13 with a square hole.

  A pulling bolt 13 with a square hole is passed through a through hole 25 formed in the bottom surface 5 of the mortise 3 in the receiving horizontal member 1, and a washer 14 and a detent nut 15 are attached and temporarily fixed to the rear end of the operation hole 26. Keep it. On the other hand, the bolt portion 16a of the round nut 16 with a bolt is inserted from the through hole 25 formed in the tenon 4 portion of the horizontal member 2 to the operation hole 26, and the washer 14 is provided at the front end of the operation hole 26. A detent nut 15 is attached. Then, after the mortise 4 is fitted in the mortise 3 and the horizontal member 2 is temporarily fixed to the receiving horizontal member 1, the pulling bolt 13 with a square hole on the receiving horizontal member 1 side is rotated to The front end is hung and screwed into the round nut portion 16b of the bolt-equipped round nut 16 on the horizontal member 2 side. Next, when the detent nuts 15, 15 are tightened to some extent using both operation holes 26, both detent nuts 15 are tightened using a tool, and the receiving horizontal member 1 and the horizontal member 2 are tightly coupled. .

  As described above, the embodiment has been described with respect to the horizontal member having the width b of 105 mm for both the horizontal member 1 and the horizontal member 2. However, the same can be applied to the case where the width of the horizontal member is 120 mm. In this case, the width of the upper opening of the mortise 3 is d1 = 117 mm.

Plan view. The perspective view (receiving horizontal member) of the joint location shown disassembled. The perspective view (hanging horizontal member) of the joint location shown disassembled. Plan view (Example 1). The perspective view (receiving horizontal member) of the joint location shown disassembled. The perspective view (hanging horizontal member) of the joint location shown disassembled. The perspective view which showed typically the form of the mortise. The front view which sees through and shows a drawing hardware. The double pull bolt with a square hole is a side view and b is a front view. The washer is a front view and b is a side view. A detent of the detent nut is a front view, and B is a side view. The round nut with bolt is a side view and b is a front view. A round nut is a front view and B is a side view. (A) and (b) are side views showing examples of other sizes of tenons (Example 2). (A) and (b) are front views showing other forms of the tenon (Example 3). The perspective view of the horizontal member with which edge parts are couple | bonded (Example 4). Front view showing a combined state (Example 4)

Explanation of symbols

1 Supporting horizontal member (other structural materials)
2 Horizontal span 3 Mortise 4 Mortise 5 Bottom 6 Side wall (left)
7 Side wall (right)
8 Bottom wall portion 9 Upper half portion 10 Lower half portion 11 Shoulder portion 12 Pulling metal 13 Double pulling bolt with square hole 14 Washer 15 Detent nut 16 Round nut with bolt 16a Bolt portion 16b Round nut portion 17 Round nut 18 Square hole 19 Resin ring 20 Female screw 21 Tool hook 22 Female screw 23 Tool hook 24 Through hole 25 Through hole 26 Operation hole d1 Opening width above mortise d2 Overall height of mortise d3 Width of lower half of mortise d4 Mortise depth (depth dimension)
d5 Axial dimension of operation hole d6 Transverse dimension of operation hole d7 Depth of operation hole

Claims (1)

  It is a joint structure where the end of the horizontal member is abutted against another structural material and is joined, and the shallow wide mortise formed in the other structural material on the receiving side and the horizontal member on the corresponding side It consists of a tenon formed at the end, and the mortise is a shallow groove shape with an open front having a bottom wall and a bottom wall connecting the left and right side walls and a lower part of the left and right side walls. The distance between the upper half and the lower half is narrow and the upper and lower halves are connected to each other smoothly with a shoulder, and the bottom wall is formed in a circular arc with the lowest center. Left and right side walls and bottom wall in the mortise are formed in a groove shape, and the mortise and the mortise are fitted with a groove structure in which the front side is narrower than the rear side. Bonding structure.

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