JP2009086592A - Musical score editing device and program - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a musical score editing device and a program, capable of efficiently inputting and editing a musical score, without being conscious of a voice part, even in the musical score in which the voice part is complicated. <P>SOLUTION: When a note (a rest) is input on a staff notation displayed on a screen, the note or the rest preceding the input note (rest) is searched (S32). According to whether the note or the rest is searched (S33), and whether or not, it is close to the input note (rest) (S35), start timing of the input note (rest) is set to 0, or the same timing with the start timing of the preceding note (rest), or the timing which is calculated from the start timing and end timing of the preceding note or rest. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a score editing apparatus and program, and more particularly to a score editing apparatus and program capable of efficiently and easily performing score input and editing for creating score data.

  2. Description of the Related Art A score editing apparatus or score editing software that uses a computer to create or edit a score by an operation on a screen is known. According to this, a score can be created and edited by operating on the screen, and the created score can be automatically played with a built-in sound source or an external sound source of a personal computer, or a score can be output as a printed matter. .

  A score maker (product name) is known as a score editing software for creating and editing a score by an operation on a screen using a computer.

  In Patent Document 1, each part of the music score is displayed in a multi-level format for each part's staff score and other music information, and various musical symbols and fonts are selected on the music score to edit or delete them. A music information display editing apparatus capable of changing / updating editing results is described.

  Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-228561 describes a score assigning apparatus that assigns a score symbol to a plurality of staffs based on performance data of a plurality of parts having timing information of performance information.

Patent Document 3 describes a score editing apparatus that edits a score based on editing rules including a notation rule of a score that matches the characteristics of each part and a rule for editing a score that combines a plurality of parts. .
JP-A-9-114453 JP-A-11-327427 JP 2003-99033 A

  The musical score editing in the devices described in Patent Documents 1-3 is mainly aimed at creating a score that is easy to see on the display screen, and the start and end of the note generation in accordance with the user's music symbol input operation and editing operation. It is not considered to automatically generate timing and rest start / end timing data.

  Conventionally, there are a plurality of score editing softwares for creating and editing a score by an operation on the screen, but one of them has the same timing and the direction of the note as already entered notes. However, when notes having different note values are input, the notes already input are edited so as to be unified with the note values of the notes input later. Therefore, it is not necessary to be aware of the voice when inputting notes, but it is not possible to input notes with the same timing and direction but with different note values. There is a problem that it cannot be expressed.

  There is also music editing software that assigns the voice part for note input and automatically assigns the voice part for note input when inputting notes, which makes the timing and stem direction the same. When notes having different note values are input, the note input can be assigned to a designated voice part or another voice part. However, in this case, in order to create a musical score as intended, there is a problem that it is necessary to be aware of the voice part when inputting notes.

  There is also music score editing software that allows you to enter notes by dividing the layer for each voice when inputting notes, but even if this is a simple score that can determine the voice only by the direction of the note Therefore, it is necessary to input notes for each layer, and there is a problem that it is not possible to efficiently input a score.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a score editing apparatus and program capable of efficiently inputting and editing a score without being conscious of the voice even if the score is a complicated score.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a note / rest input means for inputting a target note or a target rest at a position on a staff displayed on the screen, and a target note or rest by the note / rest input means. When a target rest is input, start timing determination means for determining the sound generation start timing or rest start timing, and the sound generation start timing of the target note determined by the start timing determination means and the note value of the target note Sound generation end timing based on, and a rest timing determination means for determining a rest end timing based on the rest start timing of the target rest and the note value of the target rest, the start timing determination means, If a note or rest preceding the target note or target rest is searched for within the measure and it is not searched, the start timing of the target note or The rest start timing of rests is determined as 0, and if searched, within the measure, the sound start timing and sound end timing of the target note or the note preceding the target rest or the target note or target rest The first feature is that the sounding start timing of the target note or the rest start timing of the target rest is determined from the rest start timing and rest end timing of the rest.

  In the present invention, when the start timing determining means searches for a note or rest preceding the target note or target rest in the measure, the note or rest is the target note or target in the performance direction. It is determined whether or not it is close to a predetermined value or less with respect to the rest, and when it is determined that it is close to the predetermined value or less, the sounding start timing of the target note or the rest start timing of the target rest is searched. If the sound generation start timing of the target note or the rest start timing of the searched rest is determined and it is not determined to be close to the predetermined value or less, the sound generation start timing of the target note or the rest start timing of the target rest Of the note or the rest end timing of the rest close to the first predetermined value or less with respect to the target note or the rest in the performance direction. Others there is a second feature in that to determine later, and the earliest pronunciation end timing or rests the end timing from the rest start timing of the closest note sounding start timing or rest the object rests.

  The present invention can be realized not only as a score editing apparatus but also as a score editing program. If this program is installed in a computer, the computer functions as a score editing device.

  According to the present invention, within a measure, the sounding start timing and sounding end timing of a note preceding the input target note or the target rest, or the rest start timing of the rest preceding the target note or the target rest, and The sounding start timing of the target note or the rest start timing of the target rest is determined from the rest end timing, and the sounding end timing is determined based on the sounding start timing of the target note and the note value of the target note thus determined. Since the rest end timing is determined based on the rest start timing of the target rest and the note value of the target rest, a complex voice score can be efficiently processed without being conscious of the voice. Can be entered or edited. As a result, if the musical score data is input or edited, the correct performance can be performed.

  The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a score editing apparatus according to the present invention. The present invention can also be realized as a score editing program that functions as a score editing device.

  The score editing apparatus according to the present embodiment includes a personal computer main body 11, an input unit 12 such as a keyboard and a mouse, a display unit 13 such as an LCD, and a sound source 14 for reproducing musical sounds. The sound source 14 may be attached to or built in the personal computer. As the personal computer main body 11, a well-known computer having a CPU 15, a storage unit 16 such as a ROM, a RAM, or a hard disk can be used. Furthermore, a MIDI interface 17 that can be connected to an external MIDI device may be provided.

  A score editing program for executing processing according to the present invention is installed in advance in the ROM or hard disk of the storage unit 16 of the personal computer main body 11. The musical score data is stored in the storage unit 16 in advance prior to editing the musical score. The musical score data can be stored in the storage unit 16 from an external MIDI device via the MIDI interface 17.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram conceptually showing musical score data. As shown in the figure, the score data has a plurality of part data in an array, the part data has a plurality of bar data in an array, and the bar data has a plurality of staff data in an array. Has a plurality of symbol data in an array. In the case of a note, the symbol data includes the position, size, direction of the note, color, note value, presence / absence of a dot, presence / absence of tuplet, sounding start timing, sounding end timing, and the like.

  The score is displayed on the display unit 13 according to the score data stored in the storage unit 16. The user can edit the score displayed on the display unit 13 by operating the input unit 12, and can generate a score by inputting a new note or rest on the staff. Thus, the musical score data edited or newly generated is stored in the storage unit 16. The edited score data may be stored as a separate file from the original score data, or may be stored so as to overwrite the original score data.

  Next, a score editing operation according to the present invention will be described. In this operation, a score editing program stored in the ROM of the storage unit 16 or the hard disk is read into the RAM based on a predetermined operation at the input unit 12. Executed by.

  First, a menu screen is displayed on the display unit 13. The user can select creation of a new score or editing of a score already stored in the storage unit 16 on the menu screen.

  When the creation of a new score is selected on the menu screen, only the staff is displayed on the display unit 13. The user can select a musical notation symbol such as a note (target note) or rest (target rest) on the screen of the display unit 13 and input it to a predetermined position on the staff.

  When the editing of the score is selected on the menu screen, the screen shifts to the score selection screen stored in the storage unit 16, and when the user selects the score to be edited by operating the input unit 12, The musical score data for the bars in the paragraph that can be displayed on the screen of the display unit 13 is read from the storage unit 16.

  The CPU 15 generates score display information based on the read score data. The display unit 13 displays the score according to the score display information generated by the CPU 15. The user can edit a musical score by selecting a musical score symbol such as a note or a rest on the screen of the display unit 13, and rewriting, adding, or deleting.

  FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a score editing operation according to the present invention. Note that the start timing and the end timing can be considered in the same way for notes and rests. Therefore, hereinafter, a case where a note is input will be described.

  When a note (target note) is input on the staff (S31), first, it is searched whether there is a note or rest preceding the target note in the measure (S32).

  If no note or rest preceding the target note is found by this search (S32) (N in S33), the sounding start timing of the target note is determined to be 0 (S34), and the processing for the target note is performed. finish.

  Further, when a note or rest preceding the target note is searched by searching (S32) (Y in S33), it is further determined whether there is a note or rest close to a predetermined value or less in the performance direction. (S35). Here, the predetermined value is a value serving as an index for determining whether or not the input position of the target note in the performance direction can be regarded as the same position as a nearby note or rest.

  If it is determined by this determination (S35) that there is a note or rest close to a predetermined value or less (Y in S35), the start timing of this note or rest is determined as the sounding start timing of the target note (S36) Then, the process for the target note is terminated.

  If it is determined by the determination (S35) that there are no notes and rests close to the specified value (N in S35), the start timing of the note or rest closest to the target note in the performance direction is set to T1. (S37) Of the end timings of notes or rests preceding the target note, the earliest end timing after T1 is determined as the start timing of the target note (S38), and the processing for the target note is ended.

  Hereinafter, a specific example will be described. A process in which musical score data is generated according to the input when notes A, B, C, and D shown in FIG. 4 are sequentially input on the screen will be described. Here, the note value of the quarter note is 480. The position where a note or rest is input is represented by (X, Y). X is the position in the staff direction (horizontal direction), where the leftmost position where a note or rest is input is 0 in the measure, and increases toward the right, Y is the position of the first line Is set to 0, and the positions of the first interval (lower first interval), the second line (lower second line), the second interval (lower second interval), ... are 1 (-1), 2 (-2 ), 3 (-3),...

  On the screen of the display unit 13, first, a sixteenth note A having a note value of 120 is input into a measure on the staff. The position where the sixteenth note A is input is (0,7). In this case, even if searching for a preceding note or rest (S32), no search is made (N in S33), so the sounding start timing of the sixteenth note A is determined to be 0 (S34). The sounding end timing of the sixteenth note A is determined as 120 based on the note value 120 thereof.

  Next, a quarter note B having a note value of 480 is input. The position where the quarter note B is input is (0, -2), the horizontal direction is the same as the position of the previous 16th note A, but the vertical direction is different from the position of the 16th note A. In this case, the 16th note A is searched for as the preceding note (Y in S33). Moreover, since the position of the 16th note A is close to a predetermined value or less in the playing direction (lateral direction) (Y in S35), the sounding start timing of the quarter note B is 0, the same as the sounding start timing of the 16th note A. Determined (S36). The sound generation end timing of the quarter note B is determined to be 480 based on the note value 480.

  Next, a sixteenth note C having a note value of 120 is input. The position where the 16th note C is input is (0, -2), which is the same as the position of the previous 16th note A or quarter note B. In this case, the 16th note A and the quarter note B are searched for as preceding notes (Y in S33). Moreover, since the position of the 16th note C is close to a predetermined value or less in the playing direction (horizontal direction) (Y in S35), the sounding start timing of the 16th note C is the sounding start of the 16th note A and the quarter note B The same 0 as the timing is determined (S36). The sounding end timing of the sixteenth note C is determined to be 120 based on the note value 120 thereof.

  Next, a sixteenth note D having a note value of 120 is input. The position where the 16th note D is input is (5, 9), and is separated from the position of the 16th note A, the quarter note B, and the 16th note C to the right. In this case, the 16th note A, the quarter note B, and the 16th note C are searched for as preceding notes (Y in S33). Moreover, since the position of the sixteenth note D is separated by more than a predetermined value in the performance direction (lateral direction) (N in S35), the sounding start timing of the sixteenth note C is determined by S37 and S38 in FIG. Is done. That is, first at S37, as T1, the pronunciation start timing O of the nearest 16th note A, quarter note B and 16th note C in the playing direction is input, and then at S38, the preceding 16th note A And the end timing of 16th note A and 16th note C, which is the earliest end timing after T1 (= 0), and the end timing 120 of 16th note C It is determined as the start timing. The sound generation end timing of the sixteenth note D is determined to be 240 (= 120 + 120) based on the note value 120 thereof.

  In this way, when notes A, B, C, D are sequentially input in the measure, the sounding start timing of notes A, B, C, D is determined from the sounding start timing and sounding end timing of the preceding note, The sound generation end timing is determined based on the sound generation start timing and the note value of the note thus determined.

  Although the case where the notes A, B, C, and D are sequentially input in the measure has been described above, the present invention can also be applied to editing of musical score data that has already been input. When notes and rests are input in the order of performance as described above, it is only necessary to calculate the start timing and end timing of the input notes or rests. However, as in the editing of musical score data, If a note or rest after the rest already exists, the start timing and end timing of the later note or rest will be calculated in the order of performance in the measure as the note or rest is input. cure. Every time a change is made at the time of input, the start timing and end timing of subsequent notes and rests are recalculated in the order of performance as in editing.

  Although the embodiment has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made. For example, it can be configured to operate according to the flowchart of FIG. 5 instead of the flowchart of FIG. The flowchart of FIG. 5 is functionally the same except that the order of determination in the flowchart of FIG. 3 is changed. That is, first, a preceding note or rest that is close to a predetermined value or less in the performance direction with respect to the target note or rest is searched (S52), and it is determined whether it has been searched (S53).

  If a note or rest close to a predetermined value or less is searched by this search (S52) (Y in S53), the start timing of the searched note or rest is determined as the start timing of the target note or rest ( S54), the processing for the target note or target rest is terminated.

  Also, if the search (S52) did not search for notes and rests close to the predetermined value or less (N in S53), whether or not a note or rest that exceeds the predetermined value in the performance direction was searched Is determined (S55).

  If it is determined by this determination (S55) that notes and rests that exceed the predetermined value in the performance direction have not been searched (N in S55), the start timing of the target note or the rest start timing of the rest Is set to 0 (S56), and the process for the target note or target rest is terminated.

  If it is determined by the determination (S55) that a note or rest that exceeds the predetermined value in the performance direction is found (Y in S55), the target note or the note closest to the target rest in the performance direction or The rest start timing is T1 (S57), and the end timing of the note or rest preceding the target note or rest is the earliest end timing after T1 is the start timing of the target note or rest. Determination is made (S58), and the processing for the target note or target rest is terminated.

It is a block diagram which shows one Embodiment of the score display apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows musical score data notionally. It is a flowchart which shows the operation | movement of a score edit in this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the specific operation | movement of the score edit in this invention. It is another flowchart which shows the operation | movement of a score edit in this invention.

Explanation of symbols

11 ... PC body, 12 ... Input unit, 13 ... Display unit, 14 ... Sound source, 15 ... CPU, 16 ... Storage unit, 17 ... MIDI interface

Claims (4)

A note / rest input means for inputting a target note or a target rest at a position on the staff displayed on the screen;
When a target note or a target rest is input by the note / rest input means, a start timing determining means for determining a sounding start timing or a rest start timing;
The sound generation end timing is determined based on the sound generation start timing of the target note determined by the start timing determining means and the note value of the target note, and based on the rest start timing of the target rest and the sound value of the target rest And an end timing determining means for determining a rest end timing,
The start timing determining means searches for a note or rest preceding the target note or target rest within the measure, and if not searched, determines the start timing of the target note or the rest start timing of the target rest. When it is determined to be 0 and searched, the sounding start timing and sounding end timing of the note preceding the target note or the target rest or the rest start timing of the rest preceding the target note or the target rest in the measure And a rest start timing of the target note or a rest start timing of the target rest from the rest end timing. The start timing determining means includes
In the measure, when a note or rest preceding the target note or rest is searched, whether or not the note or rest is close to a predetermined value or less with respect to the target note or rest in the performance direction Determine
When it is determined that it is close to the predetermined value or less, the sounding start timing of the target note or the rest start timing of the target rest is set to the sounding start timing of the searched note or the rest start timing of the searched rest. Decide
If it is not determined to be close to the predetermined value or less, the sound generation start timing of the target note or the rest start timing of the target rest is set to the first predetermined pitch with respect to the target note or the target rest in the performance direction. Of note end timings or rest rest end timings that are less than or equal to the specified value, the earliest timing after the start of the nearest note or rest start timing of the note closest to the target note or target rest The musical score editing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the musical score editing apparatus determines the pronunciation end timing or rest end timing. A program that allows a computer to implement the following functions (1) and (2) in order to edit musical scores by inputting notes and rests on the staff on the screen.
(1) When a target note or rest is input, this is a start timing determination function that determines the start timing or rest start timing of a note, or a note preceding the target note or target rest in the measure If a rest is searched and the search is not performed, the sound generation start timing of the target note or the rest start timing of the target rest is determined to be 0, and if it is searched, it is changed to the target note or target rest within the measure. The sounding start timing of the target note or the rest of the target rest from the sounding start timing and sounding end timing of the preceding note or the rest start timing and rest end timing of the rest preceding the target note or target rest Function to determine the start timing
(2) The sound generation end timing is determined based on the sound generation start timing of the target note determined by the start timing determination function and the note value of the target note, and the rest start timing of the target rest and the sound of the target rest End timing determination function that determines rest end timing based on price. The start timing determination function is
In the measure, when a note or rest preceding the target note or rest is searched, whether or not the note or rest is close to a predetermined value or less with respect to the target note or rest in the performance direction Determine
When it is determined that it is close to the predetermined value or less, the sounding start timing of the target note or the rest start timing of the target rest is set to the sounding start timing of the searched note or the rest start timing of the searched rest. Decide
If it is not determined to be close to the predetermined value or less, the sound generation start timing of the target note or the rest start timing of the target rest is set to the first predetermined pitch with respect to the target note or the target rest in the performance direction. Of note end timings or rest rest end timings that are less than or equal to the specified value, the earliest timing after the start of the nearest note or rest start timing of the note closest to the target note or target rest The program according to claim 3, wherein the program is determined at a pronunciation end timing or a rest end timing.

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