JP2009084557A - New arylamine polymer - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a new π-conjugated polymer useful as a polymer material for organic thin film EL elements having excellent emission characteristics and durability and as a material for semiconductor layers of organic transistors and to provide a method for producing the polymer. <P>SOLUTION: The polymer has a repeating unit expressed by general formula (I) (wherein Ar<SP>1</SP>represents a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group; Ar<SP>2</SP>and Ar<SP>3</SP>each independently represent a divalent group of a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group; and R<SP>1</SP>and R<SP>2</SP>each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group). <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a novel arylamine polymer, and the resulting polymer is extremely useful as a material for organic electronics.
The present invention relates to a π-conjugated polymer and is useful as a material for various organic electronics such as a photoelectric conversion element, a thin film transistor element, and a light emitting element.

Various functional elements such as a photoelectric conversion element, a thin film transistor element, and a light emitting element have been proposed by utilizing the light emission characteristics and charge transport characteristics of organic materials. By using an organic material for these elements, the greatest advantages of the organic material such as light weight, low cost, low manufacturing cost, and flexibility are expected.
Among these functional elements, various materials of low molecular weight and high molecular weight have been reported so far as photoelectric conversion elements, particularly solar cells and hole transport materials for electrophotographic photoreceptors. In the latter case, high speed printing and durability are required.

  Various materials of low molecular weight and high molecular weight have been reported as materials for light emitting elements. In low molecular weight systems, it has been reported that high efficiency is achieved by employing various laminated structures, and that durability is improved by well controlling the doping method. However, in the case of low molecular aggregates, it has been reported that the film state changes over time for a long time, and has an essential problem regarding the stability of the film. On the other hand, in the case of polymer materials, until now, vigorous studies have been made mainly on PPV (poly-p-phenylenevinylene) series and poly-thiophene. However, it is difficult to increase the purity of these material systems, and the intrinsically low fluorescence quantum yield is cited as a problem, and the current situation is that a high-performance light-emitting device has not been obtained. . However, considering that the polymer material is inherently stable in the glass state, if a high fluorescence quantum efficiency can be imparted, an excellent light-emitting element can be constructed. ing. For example, a polymer material containing an arylamine unit as a repeating unit can be given as an example (Patent Documents 1 to 4, Non-Patent Document 1).

On the other hand, various materials of low molecular weight and high molecular weight have been reported for organic thin film transistor elements. For example, pentacene, phthalocyanine, fullerene, anthradithiophene, thiophene oligomer, bisdithienothiophene, etc. are considered for low molecular weight materials, and polymer materials containing polythiophene, polythienylene vinylene, and arylamine units as repeating units are also considered. (Patent Document 5).
The above-mentioned Patent Document 5 was previously proposed by the present inventors. In the polymer materials shown in the above prior art including the polymer material having this arylamine unit, the characteristic values in the materials for organic electronics are shown. Although there is a remarkable improvement in mobility, considering the application to organic electronics materials, particularly organic FET elements, materials with higher mobility are desired.

  In addition, it can be manufactured inexpensively, has sufficient flexibility and strength, is lightweight, and can take up the largest area as an element using an organic material. Solubility is required. In general, a π-conjugated polymer characterized by a structure in which conjugation is extended often has a rigid structure, which causes a decrease in solubility. Even in the above-described prior art, there are many polymer materials having difficulty in solubility, and various molecular designs have been carried out to avoid this.

US Pat. No. 5,777,070 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-310635 JP-A-8-157575 Japanese translation of PCT publication No. 2002-515078 JP 2005-240001 A Synth.Met., 84, 269 (1997)

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described state of the art, and is useful as a polymer material for an organic thin film EL element having excellent light emission characteristics and excellent durability, and as a material for a semiconductor layer of an organic transistor. It is an object to provide a novel π-conjugated polymer and a method for producing the same.

As a result of intensive studies, the present inventors have found that a vinylene polymer containing an arylamine structure as a repeating unit is effective for the above problems, and have completed the present invention.
That is, the said subject is solved by the following this invention.
(1) "A polymer having a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (I);

（Ａｒ^１は置換又は無置換の芳香族炭化水素基であり、Ａｒ^２及びＡｒ^３はそれぞれ独立に置換又は無置換の芳香族炭化水素基の二価基であり、かつ、Ｒ^１及びＲ^２はそれぞれ独立に、水素基、置換又は無置換のアルキル基、置換又は無置換の芳香族炭化水素基である。）」、
（２）「下記一般式（II）で表わされる繰り返し単位を有することを特徴とする重合体；

(Ar ¹ is a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, Ar ² and Ar ³ are each independently a divalent group of a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, and R ¹ and R ² Are each independently a hydrogen group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group.
(2) "A polymer having a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (II);

（Ａｒ^１は置換又は無置換の芳香族炭化水素基であり、Ｒ^１及びＲ^２はそれぞれ独立に、水素基、置換又は無置換のアルキル基、置換又は無置換の芳香族炭化水素基であり、Ｒ^３及びＲ⁴はそれぞれ独立に、水素基、ハロゲン基、置換若しくは無置換のアルキル基、置換若しくは無置換のアルコキシ基又は置換若しくは無置換のアルキルチオ基、置換又は無置換の芳香族炭化水素基であり、ｘ及びｙは１以上４以下の整数であり、かつ、前記ｘ及び／又は前記ｙが２以上である場合、複数個の前記Ｒ^３及び前記Ｒ^４は、それぞれ独立している。）」、
（３）「下記一般式（III）で表わされる繰り返し単位を有することを特徴とする重合体；

(Ar ¹ is a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, and R ¹ and R ² are each independently a hydrogen group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group. , R ³ and R ⁴ are each independently a hydrogen group, a halogen group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group or a substituted or unsubstituted alkylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon When x and y are integers of 1 or more and 4 or less, and x and / or y is 2 or more, the plurality of R ³ and R ⁴ are independent of each other. .) ",
(3) "A polymer having a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (III);

（Ｒ^１及びＲ^２はそれぞれ独立に、水素基、置換又は無置換のアルキル基、置換又は無置換の芳香族炭化水素基であり、Ｒ^３、Ｒ^４及びＲ^５はそれぞれ独立に、水素基、ハロゲン基、置換若しくは無置換のアルキル基、置換若しくは無置換のアルコキシ基又は置換若しくは無置換のアルキルチオ基、置換又は無置換の芳香族炭化水素基であり、ｘ及びｙは１以上４以下の整数であり、ｚは１以上５以下の整数であり、かつ、前記ｘ、前記ｙ及び前記ｚが２以上である場合、複数個の前記Ｒ^３、前記Ｒ^４及び前記Ｒ^５はそれぞれ独立しており、複数個のＲ^５は互いに結合して環を形成しても良い）」、
（４）「下記一般式（IＶ）で表わされる繰り返し単位を有することを特徴とする重合体；

(R ¹ and R ² are each independently a hydrogen group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, and R ³ , R ⁴ and R ⁵ are each independently a hydrogen group. A halogen group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group or a substituted or unsubstituted alkylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, and x and y are 1 or more and 4 or less When z is an integer of 1 or more and 5 or less, and x, y and z are 2 or more, the plurality of R ³ , R ⁴ and R ⁵ are each independently A plurality of R ⁵ may be bonded to each other to form a ring) ”,
(4) "A polymer having a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (IV);

（Ｒ^１及びＲ^２はそれぞれ独立に、水素基、置換又は無置換のアルキル基、置換又は無置換の芳香族炭化水素基であり、Ｒ^３、Ｒ^４、Ｒ^６、Ｒ^７、Ｒ^８、及びＲ^９はそれぞれ独立に、水素基、ハロゲン基、置換若しくは無置換のアルキル基、置換若しくは無置換のアルコキシ基又は置換若しくは無置換のアルキルチオ基、置換又は無置換の芳香族炭化水素基であり、ｘ、ｙ及びｗは１以上４以下の整数であり、ｖは１以上３以下の整数であり、かつ、前記ｘ、前記ｙ、前記ｖ及び前記ｗが２以上である場合、複数個の前記Ｒ^３、前記Ｒ^４、前記Ｒ^６及び前記Ｒ^７はそれぞれ独立している）」、
（５）「下記一般式（Ｖ）で表わされる置換基により重合体の末端が封止されていることを特徴とする前記第（１）項乃至第（４）項のいずれかに記載の重合体；

(R ¹ and R ² are each independently a hydrogen group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, and R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁶ , R ⁷ , R ⁸ , And R ⁹ are each independently a hydrogen group, a halogen group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group or a substituted or unsubstituted alkylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group. , X, y and w are integers of 1 or more and 4 or less, v is an integer of 1 or more and 3 or less, and when x, y, v and w are 2 or more, a plurality of R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁶ and R ⁷ are independent from each other.
(5) The polymer according to any one of (1) to (4) above, wherein the end of the polymer is sealed with a substituent represented by the following general formula (V) Coalescence;

（式中、Ａｒ^４及びＡｒ^５はそれぞれ独立に、置換又は無置換の芳香族炭化水素基を表わす）」、
（６）「前記第（１）項乃至第（５）項に記載の重合体を含有するインク組成物」、
（７）「前記第（６）項に記載のインク組成物から製造された膜」、
（８）「前記第（７）項に記載の膜を用いたことを特徴とする電子素子」、
（９）「前記第（１）項乃至第（５）項のいずれかに記載の重合体の製造方法であって、下記一般式（ＶI）で表わされるアミン化合物と、下記一般式（ＶII）で表わされるジハロゲン化合物を、パラジウム化合物とホスフィン配位子からなる触媒と塩基の存在下で重合させることを特徴とする重合体の製造方法；

(Wherein Ar ⁴ and Ar ⁵ each independently represents a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group) ”,
(6) "Ink composition containing the polymer according to the items (1) to (5)",
(7) “Film produced from the ink composition according to item (6)”,
(8) "Electronic device characterized by using the film according to item (7)",
(9) “A method for producing a polymer according to any one of the items (1) to (5)”, wherein the amine compound represented by the following general formula (VI) is represented by the following general formula (VII): A method for producing a polymer, comprising polymerizing a dihalogen compound represented by formula (I) in the presence of a catalyst comprising a palladium compound and a phosphine ligand and a base;

（式中、Ａｒ^１は置換又は無置換の芳香族炭化水素基を表わす）

(In the formula, Ar ¹ represents a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group)

（式中、Ａｒ^２及びＡｒ^３はそれぞれ独立に置換又は無置換の芳香族炭化水素基の二価基であり、Ｒ^１及びＲ^２はそれぞれ独立に、水素基、置換又は無置換のアルキル基、置換又は無置換の芳香族炭化水素基であり、Ｘ^１及びＸ^２はそれぞれ独立に塩素、臭素、ヨウ素を表わす）」。

(In the formula, Ar ² and Ar ³ are each independently a divalent group of a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, and R ¹ and R ² are each independently a hydrogen group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, A substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, and X ¹ and X ² each independently represent chlorine, bromine, or iodine).

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, a novel arylamine polymer having excellent light emission characteristics and excellent durability, and a very useful arylamine polymer as a material for a semiconductor layer for an organic transistor and its production A method is provided.

  First, a method for producing the arylamine polymer of the present invention will be described. The arylamine polymer represented by the general formula (I) of the present invention can be obtained by a reaction such as a Suzuki coupling of a halide and a boronic acid compound, a McMurry coupling between carbonyl compounds, etc. In the presence of a base, a palladium catalyst is used to facilitate the coupling reaction (condensation reaction involving dehydrohalogenation) of the amine compound represented by the general formula (VI) and the dihalogen compound represented by the general formula (VII). This method is preferable because a polymer can be obtained with a good yield in a short time.

（式中、Ａｒ^１は置換又は無置換の芳香族炭化水素基を表わし、Ａｒ^２及びＡｒ^３はそれぞれ独立に置換又は無置換の芳香族炭化水素基の二価基であり、Ｒ^１及びＲ^２はそれぞれ独立に、水素基、置換又は無置換のアルキル基、置換又は無置換の芳香族炭化水素基であり、Ｘ^１及びＸ^２はそれぞれ独立に塩素、臭素、ヨウ素を表わす）
これにより、短い反応時間で効率的に高分子量体を得ることが可能である。

(In the formula, Ar ¹ represents a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, Ar ² and Ar ³ are each independently a divalent group of a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, and R ¹ and R 3 ² is independently a hydrogen group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, and X ¹ and X ² each independently represent chlorine, bromine, or iodine)
Thereby, it is possible to obtain a high molecular weight efficiently in a short reaction time.

  The dihalides of the above general formula can be easily synthesized by Wittig reaction, Wittig-Horner reaction, Heck reaction, McMurry coupling, Suzuki coupling, or the like. Although it is commercially available (for example, the dihalide used in the examples described later is described as a product code: D3043 in the catalog of Tokyo Chemical Industry), in the present invention, it was synthesized by itself. Since the thing was used, the synthetic | combination method in that case is demonstrated below.

[Synthesis of 4,4′-dibromo-trans-stilbene]
4-Bromobenzyl bromide: 15.00 g (60.02 mmol) was heated with triethyl phosphite: 29.91 g (180 mmol) at 150 ° C. for 5 hours. Excess triethyl phosphite was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by column chromatography to obtain 17.29 g (56.30 mmol) of diethyl (4-bromobenzyl) phosphonate.
The obtained diethyl (4-bromobenzyl) phosphonate: 11.16 g (36.35 mmol) and 4-bromobenzaldehyde: 6.372 g (36.35 mmol) were dissolved in DMF, and potassium t-butoxide: 4.890 g (43.58 mmol) was added in small portions. After stirring for 3 hours, water was added to the reaction solution, and the precipitated solid was collected by filtration. The obtained solid was recrystallized from ethanol to obtain 9.68 g (28.64 mmol) of 4,4′-dibromo-trans-stilbene. Mp 214-215 ° C.

  The amount of the amine compound represented by the general formula (VI) and the dihalogen compound represented by the general formula (VII) is usually used at a molar ratio of 1: 1, but the purity of each monomer or the polymer obtained One can be used in excess to adjust the molecular weight.

Examples of the palladium catalyst include tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium, bis (triphenylphosphine) palladium chloride, bis (benzonitrile) palladium chloride, tris (dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium, palladium chloride, and palladium acetate. . It has been clarified that the phosphine ligand also significantly affects the reaction. For example, tri (t-butyl) phosphine, tri (ortho-tolyl) phosphine, BINAP, diphenylphosphinoethane and the like can be used. These catalyst components composed of a palladium compound and a ligand may be added to the reaction system, respectively, or after preparing a palladium compound and a ligand component in advance, they may be added to the reaction system.
The usage-amount of a palladium catalyst is 0.000001-20 mol% normally in conversion of palladium with respect to the amine compound shown by general formula (VI), Preferably it is 0.0001-10 mol%.

Examples of the base used in the above reaction include metal alkoxide, alkali metal carbonate, alkali metal phosphate, alkali metal hydroxide, alkaline earth metal hydroxide, and the like. For example, potassium t-butoxide, sodium t- Examples include butoxide, sodium methoxide, sodium ethoxide, potassium methoxide, potassium ethoxide, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, cesium carbonate, potassium phosphate, sodium phosphate, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, and the like.
Although the usage-amount of a base is not specifically limited, It is preferable to use 2 times mole or more with respect to a dihalide.
The atmosphere during the reaction is preferably an inert gas atmosphere such as nitrogen gas or argon gas.

  The solvent is not particularly limited as long as it does not inhibit the polymerization reaction, and specifically, aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as benzene, toluene, xylene, mesitylene, cymene, cumene, tetralin, diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, dimethoxy, etc. Examples include ether solvents such as ethane, dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, and the like.

The reactivity of the dihalogen compound represented by the above reaction formula is such that the halogen atoms are in the order of iodine>bromine> chlorine, and the reaction temperature is set according to the reactivity of the dihalogen compound used.
The polymerization time in the above polymerization reaction may be appropriately set according to the reactivity of the monomers used or the molecular weight of the desired polymer, but is preferably 0.2 hours to 48 hours.

It is also possible to add a molecular weight modifier in the above polymerization operation, or a sealing agent for sealing the end of the polymer as a terminal modifying group during the reaction, at the start of the reaction. It is also possible to add it.
When the polymer of the present invention is used as an electronic material, it is preferable to perform end-capping treatment. The end-capping process eliminates the possibility of protons derived from halogens or amino groups at the end of the polymer chain, which can reduce material characteristics over time or variation in lot-to-lot characteristics. It becomes possible.
Examples of the end capping agent include monohalides and compounds having one reactive group such as a secondary amine. For the terminal group represented by the general formula (V), a monohalide having a tertiary amino group or a secondary amine can be preferably used. There are a plurality of ends of the polymer, but each may be the same or different.
As the molecular weight modifier, the same as the above-mentioned end capping agent, or a secondary amine corresponding to the amine monomer material represented by the general formula (VI) or a monohalide corresponding to the monomer material represented by (VII) is small. It is also possible to add an excessive amount to obtain a molecular weight regulator.

Next, the repeating units (I) to (IV) of the polymer of the present invention will be described in more detail.
The substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group Ar ¹ in the general formula (I) may be a monocyclic group or a polycyclic group (a condensed polycyclic group or a non-condensed polycyclic group). Can be mentioned. For example, phenyl group, naphthyl group, pyrenyl group, fluorenyl group, azulenyl group, anthryl group, triphenylenyl group, chrycenyl group, biphenyl group, terphenyl group and the like can be mentioned. In the general formula, substituted or unsubstituted in R ¹ and R ² The aromatic hydrocarbon group is defined in the same manner as described above. Examples of the substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbons Ar ² and Ar ³ include a divalent group of the above aromatic group.

Moreover, these aromatic hydrocarbon groups may have a substituent shown below.
(1) Halogen atom, trifluoromethyl group, cyano group, nitro group.
(2) A linear or branched alkyl group or alkoxy group having 1 to 25 carbon atoms. These may be further substituted with a halogen atom, a cyano group, a phenyl group, a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, an alkoxy group, or an alkylthio group.
(3) Aryloxy group. (Aryloxy groups having an aryl group, a phenyl group, and a naphthyl group may be mentioned. These may contain a halogen atom as a substituent, and a linear or branched alkyl group or alkoxy having 1 to 25 carbon atoms. A phenoxy group, 1-naphthyloxy group, 2-naphthyloxy group, 4-methylphenoxy group, 4-methoxyphenoxy group, 4-chlorophenoxy group, And 6-methyl-2-naphthyloxy group.
(4) An alkylthio group or an arylthio group. (Specific examples of the alkylthio group or arylthio group include a methylthio group, an ethylthio group, a phenylthio group, and a p-methylphenylthio group.)
(5) An alkyl-substituted amino group. (Specifically, diethylamino group, N-methyl-N-phenylamino group, N, N-diphenylamino group, N, N-di (p-tolyl) amino group, dibenzylamino group, piperidino group, morpholino group And a urolidyl group.)
(6) Acyl group. (Specific examples of the acyl group include an acetyl group, a propionyl group, a butyryl group, a malonyl group, and a benzoyl group.)
Further, Ar ⁴ and Ar ⁵ in the general formula (V) are the same as those described above for Ar ¹ , but there are two terminal groups in the polymer chain. May be different within.

  The arylamine polymers (I) to (IV) of the present invention may have a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, an alkoxy group, or an alkylthio group as a substituent on the aromatic ring. From the viewpoint of improving solubility, it is preferable to have a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, alkoxy group, or alkylthio group. Examples of suitable substituents in that case include alkyl groups, alkoxy groups and alkylthio groups having 1 to 25 carbon atoms. A plurality of the same substituents may be introduced, or a plurality of different substituents may be introduced. In addition, these alkyl groups, alkoxy groups and alkylthio groups are further halogen atoms, cyano groups, aryl groups, hydroxyl groups, carboxyl groups, linear, branched or cyclic alkyl groups having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, alkoxy groups or alkylthio groups. An aryl group substituted with a group may be contained.

Specific examples of the alkyl group include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, i-propyl group, t-butyl group, s-butyl group, n-butyl group, i-butyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group, Heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, 3,7-dimethyloctyl, 2-ethylhexyl, trifluoromethyl, 2-cyanoethyl, benzyl, 4-chlorobenzyl, 4-methylbenzyl, A cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, etc. can be mentioned as an example, As an alkoxy group and an alkylthio group, what made the alkoxy group and the alkylthio group by inserting an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom in the bond position of the said alkyl group is mentioned as an example. .
In the general formula, the substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group in R ¹ and R ² is defined in the same manner as described above.

The polymer of the present invention has improved solubility in a solvent due to the presence of an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, or an alkylthio group. It is important to improve the solubility of these materials because the manufacturing tolerance of the wet film forming process in manufacturing devices such as organic EL elements and organic transistor elements increases. For example, the choice of coating solvent is expanded, the temperature range during solution preparation is expanded, the temperature and pressure range during solvent drying is expanded, and the high processability results in high purity and high uniformity. The possibility of obtaining a high-quality thin film increases.

  Of the polymers having a repeating unit represented by the general formula (I) of the present invention, a more preferred embodiment is represented by the following general formula (II).

（Ａｒ^１は置換又は無置換の芳香族炭化水素基であり、Ｒ^１及びＲ^２はそれぞれ独立に、水素基、置換又は無置換のアルキル基、置換又は無置換の芳香族炭化水素基であり、Ｒ^３及びＲ⁴はそれぞれ独立に、水素基、ハロゲン基、置換若しくは無置換のアルキル基、置換若しくは無置換のアルコキシ基又は置換若しくは無置換のアルキルチオ基、置換又は無置換の芳香族炭化水素基であり、ｘ及びｙは１以上４以下の整数であり、かつ、前記ｘ及び／又は前記ｙが２以上である場合、複数個の前記Ｒ^３及び前記Ｒ^４は、それぞれ独立している。）

(Ar ¹ is a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, and R ¹ and R ² are each independently a hydrogen group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group. , R ³ and R ⁴ are each independently a hydrogen group, a halogen group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group or a substituted or unsubstituted alkylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon When x and y are integers of 1 or more and 4 or less, and x and / or y is 2 or more, the plurality of R ³ and R ⁴ are independent of each other. .)

  Of the polymers having a repeating unit represented by the general formula (I) of the present invention, a more preferred second embodiment is represented by the following general formula (III).

（Ｒ^１及びＲ^２はそれぞれ独立に、水素基、置換又は無置換のアルキル基、置換又は無置換の芳香族炭化水素基であり、Ｒ^３、Ｒ^４及びＲ^５はそれぞれ独立に、水素基、ハロゲン基、置換若しくは無置換のアルキル基、置換若しくは無置換のアルコキシ基又は置換若しくは無置換のアルキルチオ基、置換又は無置換の芳香族炭化水素基であり、ｘ及びｙは１以上４以下の整数であり、ｚは１以上５以下の整数であり、かつ、前記ｘ、前記ｙ及び前記ｚが２以上である場合、複数個の前記Ｒ^３、前記Ｒ^４及び前記Ｒ^５はそれぞれ独立しており、複数個のＲ^５は互いに結合して環を形成しても良い）

(R ¹ and R ² are each independently a hydrogen group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, and R ³ , R ⁴ and R ⁵ are each independently a hydrogen group. A halogen group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group or a substituted or unsubstituted alkylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, and x and y are 1 or more and 4 or less When z is an integer of 1 or more and 5 or less, and x, y and z are 2 or more, the plurality of R ³ , R ⁴ and R ⁵ are each independently A plurality of R ⁵ may be bonded to each other to form a ring)

  Of the polymers having a repeating unit represented by the general formula (I) of the present invention, a more preferred third embodiment is represented by the following general formula (IV).

（Ｒ^１及びＲ^２はそれぞれ独立に、水素基、置換又は無置換のアルキル基、置換又は無置換の芳香族炭化水素基であり、Ｒ^３、Ｒ^４、Ｒ^６、Ｒ^７、Ｒ^８、及びＲ^９はそれぞれ独立に、水素基、ハロゲン基、置換若しくは無置換のアルキル基、置換若しくは無置換のアルコキシ基又は置換若しくは無置換のアルキルチオ基、置換又は無置換の芳香族炭化水素基であり、ｘ、ｙ及びｗは１以上４以下の整数であり、ｖは１以上３以下の整数であり、かつ、前記ｘ、前記ｙ、前記ｖ及び前記ｗが２以上である場合、複数個の前記Ｒ^３、前記Ｒ^４、前記Ｒ^６及び前記Ｒ^７はそれぞれ独立している）

(R ¹ and R ² are each independently a hydrogen group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, and R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁶ , R ⁷ , R ⁸ , And R ⁹ are each independently a hydrogen group, a halogen group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group or a substituted or unsubstituted alkylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group. , X, y and w are integers of 1 or more and 4 or less, v is an integer of 1 or more and 3 or less, and when x, y, v and w are 2 or more, a plurality of R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁶ and R ⁷ are independent from each other)

  The preferred molecular weight of the polymer of the present invention is 1,000 to 1,000,000, more preferably 2000 to 500,000 in terms of polystyrene-reduced number average molecular weight. When the molecular weight is too small, the film forming property such as the generation of cracks is deteriorated and the practicality becomes poor. On the other hand, when the molecular weight is too large, the solubility in a general organic solvent is deteriorated, the viscosity of the solution becomes high and the coating becomes difficult, which also causes a problem in practical use.

  Also, a small amount of a branching agent can be added during the polymerization in order to improve the mechanical properties. The branching agent used is a compound having three or more polymerization reaction active groups (which may be the same or different). These branching agents may be used alone or in combination.

  The arylamine polymer obtained as described above is used after removing impurities such as the catalyst, base, unreacted monomer, terminal stopper, and inorganic salt generated during the polymerization. Since the polymer of the present invention is excellent in solubility, there are various options for the purification method, and in addition, the purification operation is facilitated, and as a result, a high-purity material can be obtained. For these purification operations, conventionally known methods such as reprecipitation, extraction, Soxhlet extraction, ultrafiltration, dialysis and the like can be used.

  Since the polymer of the present invention obtained by the above production method has good solubility in a solvent, it is excellent in ink forming ability. In the ink composition containing the polymer of the present invention, the solvent type, concentration, viscosity, or other additives can be prepared according to various film forming methods and the target film thickness. Using the ink, a known film formation method such as spin coating method, casting method, dipping method, ink jet method, doctor blade method, screen printing method, spray coating, etc. may cause a short circuit of the device or reduce the life of the device. It can be used as a material for various organic electronics devices because it has no cracks or pinholes that cause a decrease, and can produce good thin films with excellent strength, toughness, durability, heat resistance, and light emission. It is possible.

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited by these examples unless it exceeds the gist.
<Example 1 (Synthesis of Polymer 1)>

１００ｍｌフラスコにｐ−ｎ−オクチルアニリン：０．９１１ｇ（４．４４ｍｍｏｌ）、４，４’−ジブロモ−トランス−スチルベン：１．５００ｇ（４．４４ｍｍｏｌ）、Ｐ（ｔＢｕ）_３：１８．０ｍｇ、Ｐｄ_２（ｄｂａ）_３：２０．３ｍｇ、ナトリウムｔ−ブトキシド：１．７０５ｇ、トルエン：２７ｍｌを入れ、系内をアルゴン置換し、３０分還流した。反応溶液に末端封止剤としてジフェニルアミン３７．５ｍｇを加え３０分還流した後、ブロモベンゼン６９．７ｍｇを加えさらに３０分還流した。室温に放冷しトルエンを加えて希釈した後、少量の水を加えた。この溶液を８００ｍｌのメタノールに滴下し、析出した固体を濾取した。得られたポリマーをトルエン／アセトンで再沈精製した後、トルエンに溶解し、溶液をイオン交換水で数回洗浄した。溶媒を留去して減圧下乾燥し、重合体１（末端はジフェニルアミン構造を有する）を１．２２ｇ、収率７２％で得た。
得られた重合体１は、ＴＨＦ、トルエン、キシレン、メシチレン、ジクロロメタン、クロロホルム等の溶剤に易溶であった。キャスト、あるいはスピンコート等による湿式成膜法から得られた重合体１の薄膜は、クラックやピンホールの無い良質なアモルファス膜であり、黄緑色の強い蛍光を示した。
ＧＰＣで測定したポリスチレン換算の数平均分子量は４３０００、重量平均分子量は１２９０００であった。
元素分析値（％）実測値（計算値）
Ｃ ８８．０５（８８．１４）
Ｈ ８．２０（８．１９）
Ｎ ３．７０（３．６７）
ＩＲスペクトル（ＮａＣｌキャスト膜）を図１に示した。

In a 100 ml flask, pn-octylaniline: 0.911 g (4.44 mmol), 4,4′-dibromo-trans-stilbene: 1.500 g (4.44 mmol), P (tBu) ₃ : 18.0 mg, Pd ₂ (dba) ₃ : 20.3 mg, sodium t-butoxide: 1.705 g, toluene: 27 ml were added, the inside of the system was purged with argon, and the mixture was refluxed for 30 minutes. After adding 37.5 mg of diphenylamine as a terminal blocking agent to the reaction solution and refluxing for 30 minutes, 69.7 mg of bromobenzene was added and refluxed for another 30 minutes. After cooling to room temperature and diluting with toluene, a small amount of water was added. This solution was added dropwise to 800 ml of methanol, and the precipitated solid was collected by filtration. The obtained polymer was purified by reprecipitation with toluene / acetone, dissolved in toluene, and the solution was washed several times with ion-exchanged water. The solvent was distilled off and the residue was dried under reduced pressure to obtain 1.22 g of polymer 1 (terminal has a diphenylamine structure) in a yield of 72%.
The obtained polymer 1 was easily soluble in solvents such as THF, toluene, xylene, mesitylene, dichloromethane, chloroform and the like. The thin film of polymer 1 obtained by a wet film formation method such as casting or spin coating was a high-quality amorphous film free from cracks and pinholes, and showed strong yellow-green fluorescence.
The number average molecular weight in terms of polystyrene measured by GPC was 43,000, and the weight average molecular weight was 129000.
Elemental analysis value (%) Actual measurement value (calculated value)
C 88.05 (88.14)
H 8.20 (8.19)
N 3.70 (3.67)
The IR spectrum (NaCl cast film) is shown in FIG.

<Example 2 (Synthesis of Polymer 2)>

ｐ−ｎ−ヘキシルオキシアニリン：０．５７２ｇ（２．９６ｍｍｏｌ）、４，４’−ジブロモ−トランス−スチルベン：１．０００ｇ（２．９６ｍｍｏｌ）を用いて、実施例１と同様の方法により、重合体２（末端はジフェニルアミン構造を有する）を０．７５ｇ得た。
得られた重合体２は、ＴＨＦ、トルエン、キシレン、ジクロロメタン、クロロホルム等の溶剤に易溶であった。キャスト、あるいはスピンコート等による湿式成膜法から得られた重合体２の薄膜は、クラックやピンホールの無い良質なアモルファス膜であり、黄緑色の強い蛍光を示した。
ＧＰＣで測定したポリスチレン換算の数平均分子量は２７０００、重量平均分子量は７３０００であった。
元素分析値（％）実測値（計算値）
Ｃ ８４．３３（８４．５１）
Ｈ ７．５２（７．３７）
Ｎ ３．６０（３．７９）
ＩＲスペクトル（ＮａＣｌキャスト膜）を図２に示した。

pn-Hexyloxyaniline: 0.572 g (2.96 mmol), 4,4′-dibromo-trans-stilbene: 1.000 g (2.96 mmol) 0.75 g of Compound 2 (terminal has a diphenylamine structure) was obtained.
The obtained polymer 2 was easily soluble in solvents such as THF, toluene, xylene, dichloromethane and chloroform. The thin film of polymer 2 obtained by the wet film formation method such as casting or spin coating was a high-quality amorphous film free from cracks and pinholes, and showed strong yellow-green fluorescence.
The number average molecular weight in terms of polystyrene measured by GPC was 27000, and the weight average molecular weight was 73,000.
Elemental analysis value (%) Actual measurement value (calculated value)
C 84.33 (84.51)
H 7.52 (7.37)
N 3.60 (3.79)
The IR spectrum (NaCl cast film) is shown in FIG.

<Example 3 (Synthesis of Polymer 3)>

アルゴン置換した１００ｍｌフラスコに、Ｐ（ｔＢｕ）_３：１２ｍｇ、脱気した乾燥トルエン：２０ｍｌを入れ、さらにＰｄ_２（ｄｂａ）_３：１３．５ｍｇを加えて１５分攪拌した。この溶液に、９，９−ジヘキシル−２−アミノフルオレン：１．０３４ｇ（２．９６ｍｍｏｌ）、４，４’−ジブロモ−トランス−スチルベン：１．０４９ｇ（３．１１ｍｍｏｌ）、ナトリウムｔ−ブトキシド：１．１３７ｇ（１１．８３ｍｍｏｌ）を入れ、１．５時間還流した後、ジフェニルアミン３７．５ｍｇを加えてさらに１．５時間還流した。室温に戻した後、少量の水を加えた。この溶液を７００ｍｌのメタノールに滴下し、析出した固体を濾取した。得られたポリマーをトルエン／メタノールで数回再沈精製した後、トルエンに溶解し、溶液を脱イオン水でよく洗浄した。溶媒を留去して減圧下乾燥し、重合体３を１．１７３ｇ、収率７５％で得た。
得られた重合体３は、ＴＨＦ、トルエン、キシレン、メシチレン、ジクロロメタン、クロロホルム等の溶剤に易溶であった。キャストあるいはスピンコート等による湿式成膜法から得られた重合体３の薄膜は、クラックやピンホールのない良質なアモルファス膜であり、黄緑色の強い蛍光を示した。
ＧＰＣで測定したポリスチレン換算の数平均分子量は２３０００、重量平均分子量は５３０００であった。
元素分析値（％）実測値（計算値）
Ｃ ８９．１２（８９．０９）
Ｈ ８．１６（８．２４）
Ｎ ２．７０（２．６６）
ＩＲスペクトル（ＮａＣｌキャスト膜）を図３に示した。
トランス−ＣＨ＝ＣＨ−：９５９ｃｍ^−１

P (tBu) ₃ : 12 mg and degassed dry toluene: 20 ml were placed in a 100 ml flask purged with argon, and further Pd ₂ (dba) ₃ : 13.5 mg was added and stirred for 15 minutes. To this solution, 9,9-dihexyl-2-aminofluorene: 1.034 g (2.96 mmol), 4,4′-dibromo-trans-stilbene: 1.049 g (3.11 mmol), sodium t-butoxide: 1 .137 g (11.83 mmol) was added and refluxed for 1.5 hours, and then 37.5 mg of diphenylamine was added and the mixture was further refluxed for 1.5 hours. After returning to room temperature, a small amount of water was added. This solution was added dropwise to 700 ml of methanol, and the precipitated solid was collected by filtration. The obtained polymer was purified by reprecipitation several times with toluene / methanol, then dissolved in toluene, and the solution was washed well with deionized water. The solvent was distilled off and the residue was dried under reduced pressure to obtain 1.173 g of polymer 3 in a yield of 75%.
The obtained polymer 3 was easily soluble in solvents such as THF, toluene, xylene, mesitylene, dichloromethane, chloroform and the like. The polymer 3 thin film obtained by the wet film formation method such as cast or spin coating was a high-quality amorphous film without cracks or pinholes, and showed strong yellow-green fluorescence.
The number average molecular weight in terms of polystyrene measured by GPC was 23000, and the weight average molecular weight was 53000.
Elemental analysis value (%) Actual measurement value (calculated value)
C 89.12 (89.09)
H 8.16 (8.24)
N 2.70 (2.66)
The IR spectrum (NaCl cast film) is shown in FIG.
Trans-CH = CH-: 959 cm ⁻¹

<Example 4 (Ink Preparation Example of Polymer 1)>
The ink of polymer 1 obtained in Example 1 was prepared. When dissolved in a solvent of THF, toluene, xylene and mesitylene, all showed a solubility of 10 wt% or more. All 10 wt% solutions were highly viscous solutions, and no separation or precipitation was observed even after one month.

<Example 5 (Example of film formation from ink of polymer 1)>
Using a 10 wt% THF solution of the polymer 1 produced in Example 4, a film having a thickness of about 10 μm was formed by blade coating. A film having a thickness of about 40 nm was formed by spin coating using a 1 wt% toluene solution of polymer 1. All the films were homogeneous amorphous films having no pinholes, and no cracks due to the deformation of the substrate were observed.

<Example 6 (Ink Preparation Example of Polymer 2)>
The ink of the polymer 2 obtained in Example 2 was produced. When dissolved in a solvent of THF, toluene, xylene, and mesitylene, it showed a solubility of 10 wt% or more except for mesitylene. All 10 wt% solutions were highly viscous solutions, and no separation or precipitation was observed even after one month.

<Example 7 (Example of film formation from ink of polymer 2)>
Using a 10 wt% THF solution of the polymer 1 produced in Example 4, a film having a thickness of about 10 μm was formed by blade coating. Further, a film having a thickness of about 40 nm was formed by spin coating using a 1 wt% toluene solution of polymer 1. All the films were homogeneous amorphous films having no pinholes, and no cracks due to the deformation of the substrate were observed.

<Example 8 (Ink Preparation Example of Polymer 3)>
The ink of the polymer 3 obtained in Example 3 was produced. When dissolved in solvents of THF, toluene, xylene, and mesitylene, all showed a solubility of 10 wt% or more. All 10 wt% solutions were highly viscous solutions, and no separation or precipitation was observed even after one month.

<Example 9 (Example of film formation from ink of polymer 3)>
Using a 10 wt% THF solution of the polymer 1 produced in Example 4, a film having a thickness of about 10 μm was formed by blade coating. Further, a film having a thickness of about 40 nm was formed by spin coating using a 1 wt% toluene solution of polymer 1. All the films were homogeneous amorphous films having no pinholes, and no cracks due to the deformation of the substrate were observed.

<Comparative Example 1>
A poly-3-hexylthiophene ink, which is famous as an organic semiconductor material, was prepared in the same manner as in Example 4. However, in any solvent, the solubility was 1 wt% or less, and only a dilute solution having a low viscosity was obtained. Even when dissolved by heating, precipitation of solute was observed by returning to room temperature.

<Comparative example 2>
(Ratio-1) was synthesized along the following reaction steps.

１００ｍｌ三つ口フラスコに、上記反応式に示すジボロンエステル体１．１８２ｇ（２．０３ｍｍｏｌ）、ジブロモ体０．６５９ｇ（２．０３ｍｍｏｌ）、相間移動触媒としてＡｌｉｑｕａｔ３３６（アルドリッチ社製）１６．４ｍｇ（０．０３ｍｍｏｌ）、フェニルボロン酸７．４ｍｇ（０．０６ｍｍｏｌ）、テトラキストリフェニルホスフィンパラジウム５．８７ｍｇ（０．００５１ｍｍｏｌ）、トルエン１４ｍｌを加え、窒素ガス置換した後、２Ｍ-炭酸ナトリウム水溶液を４．１ｍｌ加え、１４時間還流した後、ブロモベンゼン１５７ｍｇ（１．０ｍｍｏｌ）を加えさらに６時間還流した。反応溶液を室温に戻した後、有機層をメタノール／水の混合溶媒中に滴下し、固体を濾取することにより（比−１）を得た。収量１．００ｇ、収率１００％。得られた（比−１）はテトラヒドロフラン、クロロホルム、トルエン等に不溶であり、これ以上の精製、および特性の評価はできなかった。

In a 100 ml three-necked flask, 1.182 g (2.03 mmol) of the diboron ester compound shown in the above reaction formula, 0.659 g (2.03 mmol) of the dibromo compound, and 16.4 mg of Aliquat 336 (manufactured by Aldrich) as a phase transfer catalyst. 0.03 mmol), 7.4 mg (0.06 mmol) of phenylboronic acid, 5.87 mg (0.0051 mmol) of tetrakistriphenylphosphine palladium, and 14 ml of toluene were added, and the atmosphere was replaced with nitrogen gas. After 1 ml was added and refluxed for 14 hours, 157 mg (1.0 mmol) of bromobenzene was added, and the mixture was further refluxed for 6 hours. After returning the reaction solution to room temperature, the organic layer was dropped into a mixed solvent of methanol / water, and the solid was collected by filtration to obtain (ratio-1). Yield 1.00 g, 100% yield. The obtained (ratio-1) was insoluble in tetrahydrofuran, chloroform, toluene and the like, and further purification and evaluation of the properties could not be performed.

<Application example 1>
(Creation of thin film transistor)
A 30 mm × 30 mm p-doped silicon substrate surface is thermally oxidized to form a 200 nm SiO ₂ insulating film, and then one side is covered with a resist film (Tokyo Ohka: TSMR 8800), and the other side is oxidized with hydrofluoric acid. Was removed. Next, 300 nm of aluminum was deposited on the surface from which the thermal oxide film was removed. After removing the resist film with acetone, the substrate was heat-treated at 140 ° C. for 15 minutes. The substrate is returned to room temperature, and an approximately 1.0 wt% tetrahydrofuran solution of the polymer 2 synthesized in Example 2 is spin-coated on the SiO ₂ surface of the substrate and dried to form an organic semiconductor layer having a thickness of about 30 nm. did. Next, a source electrode and a drain electrode having a thickness of 100 nm were formed on the organic semiconductor layer by vapor deposition of gold so that the channel length was 50 μm and the channel width was 10 mm. When the characteristics of the thin film transistor thus prepared were evaluated, the field effect mobility was 7 × 10 ⁻⁴ cm ² / Vs, the threshold voltage was −2.92 V, and the on / off ratio was 1.4 × 10 ^5. Indicated. FIG. 4 shows the transfer characteristics when V _ds = −20 V of the manufactured transistor.

<Application example 2>
An organic thin film transistor was produced by using the polymer 3 synthesized in Example 3 by the same method as in Application Example 1.
The characteristics of the produced organic thin film transistor were evaluated. As a result, the field effect mobility was 3.5 × 10 ⁻³ cm ² / Vs and the on / off ratio was 2 × 10 ⁵ .
In order to confirm the reproducibility of the characteristics of the organic thin film transistor, ten organic thin film transistors were similarly produced and evaluated. The mobility was 3.3 × 10 ^{−3 to} 3.7 × 10 ⁻³ cm ² /
Transistor characteristics with good reproducibility in the range of Vs were obtained.

1 is a diagram showing an infrared absorption spectrum of an arylamine polymer 1 of the present invention obtained in Example 1. FIG. 3 is an infrared absorption spectrum of the arylamine polymer 2 of the present invention obtained in Example 2. FIG. FIG. 3 is an infrared absorption spectrum of the arylamine polymer 3 of the present invention obtained in Example 3. 11 is a diagram illustrating characteristics of a transistor obtained in Application Example 1. FIG.

Claims (9)

A polymer having a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (I):

(Ar ¹ is a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, Ar ² and Ar ³ are each independently a divalent group of a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, and R ¹ and R ² Are each independently a hydrogen group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group.) A polymer having a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (II):

(Ar ¹ is a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, and R ¹ and R ² are each independently a hydrogen group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group. , R ³ and R ⁴ are each independently a hydrogen group, a halogen group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group or a substituted or unsubstituted alkylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon When x and y are integers of 1 or more and 4 or less, and x and / or y is 2 or more, the plurality of R ³ and R ⁴ are independent of each other. .) A polymer having a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (III):

(R ¹ and R ² are each independently a hydrogen group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, and R ³ , R ⁴ and R ⁵ are each independently a hydrogen group. A halogen group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group or a substituted or unsubstituted alkylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, and x and y are 1 or more and 4 or less When z is an integer of 1 or more and 5 or less, and x, y and z are 2 or more, the plurality of R ³ , R ⁴ and R ⁵ are each independently A plurality of R ⁵ may be bonded to each other to form a ring) The polymer characterized by having a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (IV).

(R ¹ and R ² are each independently a hydrogen group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, and R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁶ , R ⁷ , R ⁸ , And R ⁹ are each independently a hydrogen group, a halogen group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group or a substituted or unsubstituted alkylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group. , X, y and w are integers of 1 or more and 4 or less, v is an integer of 1 or more and 3 or less, and when x, y, v and w are 2 or more, a plurality of R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁶ and R ⁷ are independent from each other) The polymer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a terminal of the polymer is sealed with a substituent represented by the following general formula (V).

(In the formula, Ar ⁴ and Ar ⁵ each independently represents a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group) An ink composition containing the polymer according to any one of claims 1 to 5. A film produced from the ink composition according to claim 6. An electronic device comprising the film according to claim 7. A method for producing a polymer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein an amine compound represented by the following general formula (VI) and a dihalogen compound represented by the following general formula (VII) are converted into a palladium compound and a phosphine. A method for producing a polymer, comprising polymerizing in the presence of a catalyst comprising a ligand and a base.

(In the formula, Ar ¹ represents a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group)

(In the formula, Ar ² and Ar ³ are each independently a divalent group of a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, and R ¹ and R ² are each independently a hydrogen group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, A substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, and X ¹ and X ² each independently represent chlorine, bromine, or iodine)

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