JP2009069458A - Electrooptical device and electronic equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electrooptical device capable of suppressing reduction of a proper visible range due to mixed diffracted rays, and to provide electronic equipment. <P>SOLUTION: A liquid crystal device includes: a pixel 4L for emitting light to constitute a first image; and a pixel 4R for emitting light to constitute a second image. An optical element 60 having an opening 60A is arranged on the observation side of a light exit part 7 of the pixel 4. The opening 60A is configured to transmit the light from the pixel 4L in a first display angle range, and transmit the light from the pixel 4R in a second display angle range including a range different from the first display angle range. The optical element 60 includes: a light-shieldable light-shielding element 61 having an opening 61A; and a light-shieldable light-shielding element 62 arranged on the light exit side of the light shielding element 61, having an opening 62A. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  One embodiment according to the present invention relates to an electro-optical device and an electronic apparatus.

  It is known that different images can be directionally displayed in two or more different directions by superimposing a light-shielding optical element having an opening on an electro-optical panel (for example, Patent Document 1). FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view of an electro-optical device capable of directivity display. Light contributing to display of different images is emitted from the pixels 4L and 4R of the liquid crystal panel 2 as the electro-optical panel. Hereinafter, an image displayed by the pixel 4L is also called a first image, and an image displayed by the pixel 4R is also called a second image. An optical element 60 having an opening 60A is arranged at a position facing the liquid crystal panel 2. The light emitted from the pixel 4L and passing through the opening 60A is visually recognized in the display angle range 3L that is unevenly distributed to the left in the drawing. Similarly, the light emitted from the pixel 4R and passing through the opening 60A is visually recognized in the display angle range 3R that is unevenly distributed to the right in the drawing. In the display angle range 3L, only the light from the pixel 4L is visually recognized in the display angle range VL, and in the display angle range VR of the display angle range 3R, only the light from the pixel 4R is visually recognized. Therefore, only the first image is visually recognized in the display angle range VL, and only the second image is visually recognized in the display angle range VR.

  According to the electro-optical device capable of such directional display, for example, by positioning different persons in the display angle ranges VL and VR, the first person and the second image can be simultaneously viewed by the different persons. Can do. Alternatively, if the left eye and the right eye are positioned in the display angle ranges VL and VR, respectively, the first image is incident on the left eye and the second image is incident on the right eye. it can.

Japanese Patent No. 3096613

  However, in the above configuration, there is a problem that a part of the light emitted from the liquid crystal panel 2 is diffracted when passing through the opening 60A of the optical element 60, and the appropriate viewing range is narrowed. That is, in FIG. 22, a part of the light emitted from the pixel 4L is diffracted at the edge of the opening 60A to become diffracted light 9Ld, and enters a position outside the original display angle range 3L. Similarly, part of the light emitted from the pixel 4R is diffracted at the edge of the opening 60A to become diffracted light 9Rd, and enters a position outside the original display angle range 3R. As a result, there is a problem that the display angle ranges VL and VR in which only the first image or only the second image can be visually recognized are narrowed.

  SUMMARY An advantage of some aspects of the invention is to solve at least a part of the problems described above, and the invention can be implemented as the following forms or application examples.

  Application Example 1 An electro-optical panel having a first pixel that emits light constituting a first image and a second pixel that emits light constituting a second image, and the first pixel And an opening that allows light from the second pixel to pass through a second display angle range that includes a range different from the first display angle range. A light-shielding optical element disposed on a light emission side of the first pixel and the second pixel, and the optical element has a first light-shielding property provided with the first opening. An electro-optical device comprising: a layer; and a light-shielding second layer disposed on the light emission side of the first layer and provided with the second opening.

  According to the electro-optical device having such a configuration, the first image and the second image can be directionally displayed in different display angle ranges. Here, a part of the light incident on the optical element from the first pixel or the second pixel is first diffracted at the edge of the first opening of the first layer and shielded by the second layer. Thus, a part of the incident light is diffracted in advance before entering the second layer, so that the diffracted light diffracted at the edge of the second opening of the second layer and emitted to the observation side becomes the first layer. This is reduced compared to the case where there is no. Therefore, the intensity of the diffracted light finally emitted from the opening of the optical element can be reduced as compared with the case where the optical element is composed of a single layer. Therefore, according to the above configuration, it is possible to suppress a problem that the appropriate viewing range of the first image and the second image is narrowed by reducing the intensity of unnecessary diffracted light.

  Application Example 2 In the electro-optical device, the first opening has a shape different from that of the second opening in plan view.

  According to such a configuration, the second layer can be arranged in the traveling direction of the light diffracted by the first opening of the first layer. Thereby, diffracted light can be shielded more effectively. Here, that the shape is different means that the edge of the first opening portion and at least a part of the edge of the second opening portion are shifted in a plan view.

  Application Example 3 In the electro-optical device, the electro-optical panel includes a pixel row in which the first pixels and the second pixels are alternately arranged, and the opening portion is viewed in a plan view. The electro-optical device is provided in a region including every other boundary region among boundary regions between the first pixel and the second pixel in the pixel row.

  According to such a configuration, the opening allows the light from the first pixel to pass through the first display angle range, and the light from the second pixel includes a range different from the first display angle range. 2 display angle ranges. Accordingly, the two images can be directionally displayed in two different display angle ranges.

  Application Example 4 In the electro-optical device, the width of the first opening in the extending direction of the pixel row is smaller than the width of the second opening in the extending direction of the pixel row. Optical device.

  According to such a configuration, the edge of the first opening is located on a line connecting the edge (side) of the first pixel or the second pixel and the edge of the second opening. As a result, most of the light traveling on the line that should originally be diffracted by the second opening can be diffracted in advance by the first opening and blocked by the second layer. The light traveling on the line is light that can be diffracted light that deviates most from the appropriate display angle range. According to the above configuration, the intensity of the diffracted light can be effectively reduced.

  Application Example 5 In the electro-optical device, the optical element is further provided with a light-shielding third layer disposed on the light emission side of the second layer and provided with the third opening. An electro-optical device configured to include.

  According to such a configuration, the optical element includes at least three layers of light shielding elements (first layer, second layer, and third layer). Therefore, the diffracted light in the first opening of the first layer can be shielded by the second layer and the third layer. Moreover, the diffracted light in the second opening of the second layer can be shielded by the third layer. In this way, incident light can be diffracted in multiple stages and each of them can be shielded by any layer, so that diffracted light emitted from the opening can be more effectively reduced.

  Application Example 6 In the electro-optical device, the width of the second opening in the extending direction of the pixel row is smaller than the width of the third opening in the extending direction of the pixel row. Optical device.

  According to such a configuration, the edge of the second opening is located on a line connecting the edge (side) of the first pixel or the second pixel and the edge of the third opening. As a result, most of the light traveling on the line that should be diffracted by the third opening can be diffracted in advance by the second opening and blocked by the third layer.

  Application Example 7 In the above electro-optical device, the electro-optical device includes a plurality of pixel columns in which the first pixels and the second pixels are alternately arranged in a direction intersecting the pixel rows.

  According to such a configuration, the first pixel and the second pixel are arranged in a checkered pattern. Therefore, the openings of the optical elements are also arranged in a checkered pattern. According to such an arrangement, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the resolution of the first image and the second image.

  Application Example 8 In the electro-optical device, the electro-optical panel includes a pair of substrates disposed to face each other, and at least the first layer of the optical elements is disposed on a surface facing the substrate. Electro-optical device being formed.

  According to such a configuration, the optical element can be formed inside the electro-optical panel, and the thickness of the electro-optical device can be reduced.

  Application Example 9 In the electro-optical device, the first layer is a polarizing layer, and the second layer is disposed so that a transmission axis intersects the transmission axis of the first layer in a plan view. An electro-optical device that is a polarizing layer.

  Even with such a configuration, the intensity of the diffracted light finally emitted from the opening of the optical element can be reduced.

  Application Example 10 Electronic equipment including the electro-optical device.

  According to such a configuration, an electronic apparatus capable of directivity display having a wide appropriate viewing range can be obtained.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of an electro-optical device and an electronic apparatus will be described with reference to the drawings. In the drawings shown below, the dimensions and ratios of the components are appropriately different from the actual ones in order to make the components large enough to be recognized on the drawings.

(First embodiment)
1A and 1B are diagrams illustrating a configuration of a liquid crystal device 1 as an electro-optical device. FIG. 1A is a perspective view, and FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. The liquid crystal device 1 includes a liquid crystal panel 2 as an electro-optical panel, and a mask substrate 50 disposed to face the liquid crystal panel 2. Hereinafter, the direction on the mask substrate 50 side of the liquid crystal panel 2 is also referred to as “observation side”, and the direction opposite to the mask substrate 50 is also referred to as “back side”. On the mask substrate 50, a light-shielding optical element 60 (FIG. 2) having an opening 60A is formed. A polarizing plate 47 is disposed on the observation side of the mask substrate 50, and a polarizing plate 46 is disposed on the back side of the liquid crystal panel 2. The liquid crystal panel 2 includes an element substrate 10 and a counter substrate 30 disposed on the observation side of the element substrate 10. The element substrate 10 and the counter substrate 30 are bonded together via a frame-shaped sealing agent 41. A liquid crystal layer 40 is disposed in a space surrounded by the element substrate 10, the counter substrate 30, and the sealing agent 41. A driver IC 42 for driving the liquid crystal layer 40 is disposed on the element substrate 10. A backlight 49 is disposed on the back side of the polarizing plate 46. The liquid crystal device 1 performs display in the display region 43 by modulating the light incident from the backlight 49 and transmitting it to the observation side.

  FIG. 2 is an enlarged plan view of the display area 43 of the liquid crystal device 1. This figure is a view of the liquid crystal device 1 as viewed from the observation side, more specifically, from the normal direction of the counter substrate 30 included in the liquid crystal panel 2. In this specification, viewing from the normal direction of the counter substrate 30 is also referred to as “plan view”. The normal direction of the counter substrate 30 is defined as the Z axis. FIG. 3A is an enlarged plan view of the liquid crystal panel 2, and FIG. 3B is an enlarged plan view of the mask substrate 50. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a state in which the mask substrate 50 of FIG. 3B is superimposed on the liquid crystal panel 2 of FIG.

  The liquid crystal panel 2 includes pixels 4r, 4g, and 4b that are arranged in a matrix and are rectangular in plan view, and these contribute to display of red, green, and blue, respectively. If they are not distinguished, they are simply called “pixel 4”). The pixels 4r, 4g, and 4b are repeatedly arranged in this order in one direction to form a pixel row 5. In the direction orthogonal to the pixel row 5, the pixels 4 are arranged so that the pixels 4 corresponding to the same color are arranged in a line in a stripe shape, thereby forming a pixel column 6. A light shielding layer 34 made of a light shielding resin is disposed between the adjacent pixels 4. The area of the pixel 4 in plan view is an area surrounded by the light shielding layer 34. In this specification, the extending direction of the pixel row 5 is defined as the X axis, and the extending direction of the pixel column 6 is defined as the Y axis.

  The light emitted from each pixel 4 constitutes either the first image or the second image. The pixel 4 that emits light constituting the first image is also called a pixel 4L, and the pixel 4 that emits light constituting the second image is also called a pixel 4R. The pixels 4L and 4R correspond to the first pixel and the second pixel, respectively. The pixels 4 </ b> L and 4 </ b> R are alternately and repeatedly arranged along the pixel row 5, and are alternately and repeatedly arranged along the pixel column 6.

  An optical element 60 formed on the mask substrate 50 is located on the observation side of the pixel 4, that is, on the light emission side. The optical element 60 has a light-shielding property, and light passes through an opening 60 </ b> A provided in the optical element 60. 2 and 3 (b), the shaded portion represents the arrangement area of the optical element 60. Detailed configurations and operations of the optical element 60 and the opening 60A will be described later.

  FIG. 4 is an enlarged plan view showing components in the vicinity of the pixel 4. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, the gate line 12 is formed along the X direction, and the source line 14 is formed along the Y direction. At a position corresponding to the intersection of the gate line 12 and the source line 14, a TFT (Thin Film Transistor) element 20 as a switching element including the semiconductor layer 20a is formed.

  A common electrode 17 and a pixel electrode 16 are formed in a rectangular region surrounded by the gate line 12 and the source line 14. The common electrode 17 is formed over substantially the entire surface of this rectangular region. The common electrode 17 may be formed on substantially the entire surface of the liquid crystal panel 2. The pixel electrode 16 is provided with a large number of elongated slits 16 </ b> A in parallel. The common electrode 17 is connected to a constant potential line (not shown), and the pixel electrode 16 is connected to the drain electrode 20 d of the TFT element 20 through the contact hole 25.

  When the gate line 12 becomes a selection potential, the TFT element 20 connected to the gate line 12 is turned on. During the period in which the TFT element 20 is on, the image signal supplied to the source line 14 is applied to the pixel electrode 16 through the TFT element 20. A voltage determined by an image signal of a predetermined level applied to the pixel electrode 16 and the common potential of the common electrode 17 becomes a drive voltage.

As shown in FIG. 5, the element substrate 10 is configured using the substrate 11 as a base. As the substrate 11, a glass substrate, a quartz substrate, or the like can be used. A gate line 12 is formed on the substrate 11 on the liquid crystal layer 40 side. An insulating layer made of silicon oxide (SiO ₂ ), silicon nitride (SiN), or the like may be further provided between the substrate 11 and the gate line 12. A semiconductor layer 20a is formed on the gate line 12 with a gate insulating layer 21 made of silicon oxide (SiO ₂ ), silicon nitride (SiN) or the like interposed therebetween. The semiconductor layer 20a can be composed of, for example, amorphous silicon or polysilicon. In addition, a source electrode 20s and a drain electrode 20d are formed so as to partially overlap the semiconductor layer 20a. The source electrode 20s can be formed integrally with the source line 14 (FIG. 4). The TFT element 20 is composed of the semiconductor layer 20a, the source electrode 20s, the drain electrode 20d, the gate line 12, and the like. The gate line 12 also serves as the gate electrode 20 g of the TFT element 20. The gate line 12 (gate electrode 20g), the source electrode 20s, the drain electrode 20d, and the source line 14 are made of, for example, titanium (Ti), chromium (Cr), tungsten (W), tantalum (Ta), molybdenum (Mo), or the like. It can be composed of a simple metal, an alloy, a metal silicide, a polysilicide, a laminate of these, or conductive polysilicon containing at least one of refractory metals. As the switching element, a two-terminal TFD (Thin Film Diode) element or the like may be used instead of the three-terminal TFT element 20.

A common electrode 17 made of light-transmitting ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) is formed on the TFT element 20 with an interlayer insulating layer 22 made of silicon oxide (SiO ₂ ), silicon nitride (SiN) or the like interposed therebetween. ing.

A pixel electrode 16 made of ITO is formed on the common electrode 17 with an interlayer insulating layer 23 made of silicon oxide (SiO ₂ ), silicon nitride (SiN) or the like interposed therebetween. The pixel electrode 16 is connected to the drain electrode 20 d of the TFT element 20 through a contact hole 25 formed through the interlayer insulating layers 22 and 23. An alignment film (not shown) made of polyimide is formed on the pixel electrode 16. The element substrate 10 includes elements from the substrate 11 to the alignment film.

  When a driving voltage is applied between the common electrode 17 and the pixel electrode 16, the driving voltage comes out from the upper surface of the pixel electrode 16 and reaches the upper surface of the common electrode 17 (or comes out of the upper surface of the common electrode 17 and reaches the upper surface of the pixel electrode 16. An electric field having electric field lines is generated. At this time, an electric field having a component parallel to the substrate 11, that is, a lateral electric field is generated in the liquid crystal layer 40. The liquid crystal molecules 40 </ b> A in the liquid crystal layer 40 change the alignment direction in a plane parallel to the substrate 11 in accordance with the lateral electric field. As a result, the relative angle with respect to the transmission axes of the polarizing plates 46 and 47 changes, and display is performed based on the polarization conversion function corresponding to the relative angle. Such a liquid crystal mode is called an FFS (Fringe Field Switching) mode, and a wide viewing angle is obtained because the liquid crystal molecules 40A are always driven in a state parallel to the substrate 11.

  The counter substrate 30 is configured with the substrate 31 as a base. The substrate 31 is disposed to face the substrate 11. As the substrate 31, a glass substrate, a quartz substrate, or the like can be used. A color filter 32 is formed on the liquid crystal layer 40 side of the substrate 31. The color filter 32 is a member that absorbs light having a specific wavelength in incident light, and the transmitted light can be changed to a predetermined color (for example, red, green, or blue) by the color filter 32. The color filter 32 includes three types of color elements corresponding to red, green, and blue colors, and these color elements are arranged in the pixels 4r, 4g, and 4b, respectively. Here, the observation-side surface of the color filter 32 becomes a light emitting portion 7 from which light is emitted from each pixel 4. That is, the area occupied by the pixel 4 in the cross section of FIG. 5 is a rectangular parallelepiped with the light emitting portion 7 as the observation side surface.

  A light shielding layer 34 is formed in the same layer as the color filter 32. The light shielding layer 34 plays a role of preventing the light leakage from the inter-pixel region and improving the display contrast. An alignment film (not shown) made of polyimide is formed on the back side of the color filter 32 and the light shielding layer 34. An overcoat made of a light-transmitting resin may be laminated on the color filter 32 and the light shielding layer 34, and an alignment film may be formed thereon. The counter substrate 30 is composed of elements from the substrate 31 to the alignment film.

  The liquid crystal layer 40 is disposed between the element substrate 10 and the counter substrate 30 as described above. The alignment films formed on the element substrate 10 and the counter substrate 30 are both rubbed along the X direction (FIG. 4). Accordingly, the liquid crystal molecules 40A are aligned along the X direction when no voltage is applied. Therefore, the liquid crystal layer 40 is in parallel alignment when no voltage is applied.

  A mask substrate 50 is attached to the surface of the counter substrate 30 opposite to the liquid crystal layer 40 via a translucent adhesive 56. The mask substrate 50 is configured with a substrate 51 made of glass, quartz or the like as a base. An optical element 60 is formed on the surface of the substrate 51 on the liquid crystal layer 40 side. Therefore, the optical element 60 is located on the light emission side of the pixel 4.

  More specifically, the optical element 60 includes a light shielding element 61 as a first layer and a light shielding element 62 as a second layer disposed on the light emission side (observation side) of the light shielding element 61. . A light-transmitting light-transmitting layer 65 is disposed between the light-shielding element 61 and the light-shielding element 62, and the light-shielding element 61 and the light-shielding element 62 are disposed with an interval in the Z direction (FIG. 4). Has been. That is, on the back side of the substrate 51, the light shielding element 62, the light transmitting layer 65, and the light shielding element 61 are laminated in this order. Thus, the optical element 60 has a multilayer structure. The light shielding elements 61 and 62 can be made of, for example, black resin or metal having light shielding properties. An interval in the Z direction between the light shielding element 61 and the light shielding element 62 can be set to, for example, about several μm to several tens of μm.

  The light shielding element 61 has an opening 61A as a first opening, and the light shielding element 62 has an opening 62A as a second opening. The openings 61A and 62A substantially overlap each other in plan view. The opening 60A of the optical element 60 includes an opening 61A and an opening 62A. Since the openings 61A and 62A are substantially overlapped in plan view, the optical element 60 can transmit light through the opening 60A (openings 61A and 62A).

  The optical element 60 and the opening 60A can be formed as follows, for example. First, a light shielding resin as a material of the light shielding element 62 is applied to the entire surface of the substrate 51 and patterned by a photolithography method or the like to form the light shielding element 62 having the opening 62A. Next, a translucent layer 65 made of a translucent resin or the like is laminated on the entire surface of the light shielding element 62. Next, a light-shielding resin that is a material of the light-shielding element 61 is applied to the entire surface of the light-transmitting layer 65, and patterned by a photolithography method or the like to form the light-shielding element 61 having the opening 61A. Through such steps, the optical element 60 having a laminated structure can be formed.

  FIG. 20A shows the shape of the opening 60A (openings 61A and 62A) of the optical element 60 (light shielding elements 61 and 62) in plan view. Thus, the openings 61A and 62A are rectangular, and the opening 61A has a shape different from that of the opening 62A in plan view. In the present embodiment, the opening 61A is a rectangle that is slightly smaller than the opening 62A. Therefore, the width of the opening 61A in the X direction (extending direction of the pixel row 5) is smaller than the width of the opening 62A in the X direction, and the opening 61A in the Y direction (extending direction of the pixel column 6). The width is smaller than the width of the opening 62A in the Y direction. The width in the X direction of the opening 61A can be, for example, 10 μm, and the width in the X direction of the opening 62A can be, for example, 14 μm. The width in the X direction of the openings 61A and 62A can be appropriately changed according to the distance in the Z direction between the light shielding element 61 and the light shielding element 62 and the distance in the Z direction between the light shielding element 61 and the pixel 4. Further, the positions of the centers of gravity of the openings 61A and 62A are substantially the same. For this reason, from the opening 62A, the entire circumference of the edge of the opening 61A is visually recognized in plan view.

  Returning to FIG. 5, a polarizing plate 46 is disposed on the back side of the element substrate 10, and a polarizing plate 47 is disposed on the observation side of the mask substrate 50. The transmission axis of the polarizing plate 46 extends along the X direction (FIG. 4), and the transmission axis of the polarizing plate 47 extends along the Y direction (FIG. 4). As described above, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer 40 is a direction along the X axis. Therefore, the transmission axes of the polarizing plates 46 and 47 are arranged so as to be orthogonal to each other, and are arranged so as to be parallel or perpendicular to the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer 40. A backlight 49 that irradiates light toward the polarizing plate 46 is disposed on the back side of the polarizing plate 46.

  According to such a configuration, when the liquid crystal molecules 40A of the liquid crystal layer 40 are aligned along the X axis (for example, when no voltage is applied), dark display is performed. That is, at this time, the linearly polarized light emitted from the backlight 49 and transmitted through the polarizing plate 46 is not given a phase difference depending on the liquid crystal layer 40, and is incident on the polarizing plate 47 and absorbed as the same linearly polarized light. The display is dark. On the other hand, when a driving voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer 40 and the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 40A becomes non-parallel to the X axis, halftone display or bright display is performed. That is, at this time, the linearly polarized light having a polarization axis parallel to the X axis that has been emitted from the backlight 49 and transmitted through the polarizing plate 46 is given a phase difference by the liquid crystal layer 40, and the circularly polarized light, the elliptically polarized light, or the Y axis The light is converted into linearly polarized light having parallel polarization axes and enters the polarizing plate 47. For this reason, part of the incident light is transmitted through the polarizing plate 47, and halftone display or bright display is performed.

  Returning to FIG. 2, the planar arrangement of the optical element 60 and the opening 60A will be described in detail. The opening 60A is formed in a region including at least a part of the boundary region between the pixel 4L and the pixel 4R in the pixel row 5 in plan view. More specifically, the opening 60A is provided in a region including every other boundary region among the boundary regions between the pixel 4L and the pixel 4R in the pixel row 5 in plan view. Here, the boundary region between the pixel 4L and the pixel 4R is a formation region of the light shielding layer 34 disposed between the pixel 4L and the pixel 4R in the present embodiment. The width of the opening 60 </ b> A in the pixel row 5 direction is larger than the width of the light shielding layer 34. Further, the opening 60A is arranged at a position where the pixel 4L, the opening 60A, and the pixel 4R are arranged in this order along the −X direction. Accordingly, the pixel 4L is arranged in the + X direction of a certain opening 60A, and the pixel 4R is arranged in the −X direction. Note that the opening 60 </ b> A is not provided in a portion where the pixels 4 </ b> R and 4 </ b> L are arranged in this order along the −X direction.

  Since the openings 60A are arranged corresponding to every other light shielding layer 34, the arrangement pitch of the openings 60A along the pixel row 5 is about twice the arrangement pitch of the pixels 4. Further, since the pixels 4L and 4R are alternately arranged along the direction of the pixel column 6, the arrangement pitch of the openings 60A along the pixel column 6 is about twice the arrangement pitch of the pixels 4. In other words, the opening 60 </ b> A is arranged in every other pixel row 5 in the direction along the pixel column 6. Accordingly, in any direction of the pixel row 5 and the pixel column 6, the columns formed by the openings 60A are arranged such that adjacent columns are shifted from each other by a half pitch. That is, the opening 60A is arranged in a check pattern or a mosaic pattern so as to form a checkered pattern. When the opening 60A has such an arrangement, it is possible to suppress a decrease in resolution of the first image and the second image.

  According to such a configuration, the display of the first image by the pixel 4L is viewed through the opening 60A from an angle inclined in the −X direction from the normal direction, and the display of the second image by the pixel 4R is the normal It is visually recognized through the opening 60A from an angle inclined in the + X direction from the line direction. That is, the first image and the second image are displayed with directivity.

  FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the principle of directional display by the liquid crystal device 1. In FIG. 6, components that have no optical action (or less optical action) are omitted for convenience of description of the optical path. As shown in this figure, the light emitted from the pixel 4L and passing through the opening 60A (openings 61A, 62A) is visually recognized in the display angle range 3L unevenly distributed in the −X direction. Similarly, the light emitted from the pixel 4R and passing through the opening 60A is visually recognized in the display angle range 3R that is unevenly distributed in the + X direction. Here, the display angle range 3R includes a range different from the display angle range 3L. Therefore, the opening 60A allows the light from the pixel 4L to pass through the first display angle range, and allows the light from the pixel 4R to pass through the second display angle range different from the first display angle range. In the display angle range 3L, only the light from the pixel 4L is visually recognized in the display angle range VL, and in the display angle range VR of the display angle range 3R, only the light from the pixel 4R is visually recognized. Therefore, only the first image is visually recognized in the display angle range VL, and only the second image is visually recognized in the display angle range VR.

  Incidentally, the substrate 31 (FIG. 5) included in the counter substrate 30 is processed to a thickness of about 50 μm by chemical etching or CMP (Chemical Mechanical Polishing). By this processing, the distance between the light emitting portion 7 (FIG. 5) of the pixel 4 and the opening 60A of the optical element 60 is adjusted, and as a result, the angle of the optical path from the light emitting portion 7 to the opening 60A is adjusted. The Thereby, the display angle ranges 3L, 3R, VL, and VR (FIG. 6) in which the first image and the second image are directionally displayed by the liquid crystal device 1 can be adjusted. As in the present embodiment, when the thickness of the substrate 31 is about 50 μm, there are display angle ranges 3L and VL in which the first image is displayed and display angle ranges 3R and VR in which the second image is displayed. Since they differ greatly, the first image and the second image can be simultaneously viewed by different persons. If the thickness of the substrate 31 is further increased, the display angle ranges 3L, VL in which the first image is displayed and the display angle ranges 3R, VR in which the second image is displayed approach each other. In this case, the first image can be incident on the left eye and the second image can be incident on the right eye, and stereoscopic display can be performed.

  In FIG. 6, a part of the light emitted from the pixel 4L is diffracted at the edge of the opening 60A to become diffracted light 9Ld, and enters a position outside the display angle range 3L in the + X direction. Similarly, part of the light emitted from the pixel 4R is diffracted at the edge of the opening 60A to become diffracted light 9Rd, and is incident on a position outside the display angle range 3R in the −X direction.

  Here, according to the configuration of the present embodiment, the intensity of the diffracted lights 9Ld and 9Rd can be reduced. The reason is shown below. The optical element 60 has a structure in which a light shielding element 61 and a light shielding element 62 are laminated. For this reason, part of the light incident on the optical element 60 from the pixel 4L is first diffracted at the edge of the opening 61A of the light shielding element 61 to become diffracted light 8Ld. Most of the diffracted light 8Ld is shielded by the second light shielding element 62. In this way, a part of the incident light is diffracted in advance before entering the second-layer light shielding element 62, so that the light diffracted at the edge of the opening 62 </ b> A of the light shielding element 62 is compared with the case without the light shielding element 61. And reduced. Therefore, the intensity of the diffracted light 9Ld finally emitted from the opening 60A of the optical element 60 is reduced as compared with the case where the optical element 60 is formed of a single layer.

  In the present embodiment, since the width of the opening 61A is smaller than the width of the opening 62A, the opening 61A is arranged on a line connecting the edge (side) of the pixel 4L on the opening 60A side and the edge of the opening 62A. The edge is located. With such a configuration, much of the light that should originally be diffracted by the opening 62A can be diffracted in advance by the opening 61A to be diffracted light 8Ld and shielded by the light shielding element 62. The light traveling on the line is light that can be diffracted light 9Ld that deviates most from the appropriate display angle range 3L. According to the above configuration, the intensity of the diffracted light 9Ld can be effectively reduced. Even for light traveling on an optical path other than the above line, the intensity of the diffracted light 9Ld finally emitted from the opening 60A of the optical element 60 is reduced by previously diffracting part of the light through the opening 61A. be able to.

  The operations and effects described above are the same for the diffracted lights 8Rd and 9Rd produced by the light emitted from the pixel 4R. Therefore, according to the configuration of the present embodiment, since the intensity of the diffracted light 9Ld, 9Rd can be reduced, the display angle ranges VL, VR where only the first image or only the second image can be visually recognized are narrowed. Can be suppressed.

<Modification of First Embodiment>
In the above embodiment, the width of the opening 61A in the X direction is smaller than the width of the opening 62A in the X direction, but the present invention is not limited to this. 7 and 8 are cross-sectional views of the liquid crystal device 1 according to a modification of the first embodiment, and the position of the cross-section corresponds to the line CC in FIG. In these drawings, detailed components in the liquid crystal panel 2 are omitted.

  In FIG. 7, the width of the opening 61A in the X direction is equal to the width of the opening 62A in the X direction. Even with such a configuration, a part of light incident on the opening 60A of the optical element 60 is diffracted in the opening 61A of the light shielding element 61 and absorbed by the light shielding element 62, so that the light is finally emitted from the opening 60A. The intensity of diffracted light can be reduced. Although not shown, the width of the opening 61A in the Y direction may be equal to the width of the opening 62A in the Y direction. In this case, since the shape of the opening 61A and the shape of the opening 62A are the same, the same mask can be used when forming the openings 61A and 62A by photolithography.

  In FIG. 8, the width of the opening 61A in the X direction is larger than the width of the opening 62A in the X direction. Even with such a configuration, a part of the light incident on the opening 60A of the optical element 60 is diffracted in the opening 61A of the light shielding element 61 and absorbed by the light shielding element 62, whereby the diffracted light emitted from the opening 60A is absorbed. The strength can be reduced.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, the second embodiment will be described. The liquid crystal device 1 of the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the configuration of the optical element 60, and the other points are the same as those of the first embodiment.

  FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal device 1 according to the second embodiment, and the position of the cross-section corresponds to the CC line of FIG. 2 in the first embodiment. In FIG. 9, detailed components in the liquid crystal panel 2 are omitted. As shown in this figure, in this embodiment, the optical element 60 includes a light shielding element 61 as a first layer and a light shielding element 62 as a second layer disposed on the light emission side (observation side) of the light shielding element 61. And a light shielding element 63 as a third layer disposed on the light emission side (observation side) of the light shielding element 62. A light-transmitting light-transmitting layer 65 is disposed between the light-shielding element 61 and the light-shielding element 62, and the light-shielding element 61 and the light-shielding element 62 are disposed with an interval in the Z direction. Further, a light-transmitting light-transmitting layer 66 is disposed between the light-shielding element 62 and the light-shielding element 63, and the light-shielding element 62 and the light-shielding element 63 are disposed with an interval in the Z direction. Yes. That is, on the back side of the substrate 51, the light shielding element 63, the light transmitting layer 66, the light shielding element 62, the light transmitting layer 65, and the light shielding element 61 are laminated in this order. Thus, the optical element 60 has a multilayer structure. The light shielding elements 61, 62, and 63 can be made of, for example, black resin or metal having light shielding properties. The distance between the light shielding element 61 and the light shielding element 62 in the Z direction and the distance between the light shielding element 62 and the light shielding element 63 in the Z direction can be, for example, about several μm to several tens of μm.

  The light shielding element 63 has an opening 63A as a third opening. The opening 63A, the opening 61A of the light shielding element 61, and the opening 62A of the light shielding element 62 substantially overlap each other in plan view. The opening 60A of the optical element 60 includes openings 61A, 62A, and 63A. Since the openings 61A, 62A, and 63A substantially overlap in plan view, the optical element 60 can transmit light through the opening 60A (openings 61A, 62A, and 63A).

  The openings 61A, 62A, 63A are all rectangular in plan view. More specifically, the opening 61A is a rectangle that is slightly smaller than the opening 62A, and the opening 62A is a rectangle that is slightly smaller than the opening 63A. Therefore, the width of the opening 61A in the X direction (the extending direction of the pixel row 5) is smaller than the width of the opening 62A in the X direction, and the width of the opening 62A in the X direction is the X direction of the opening 63A. Less than the width of The widths in the X direction of the openings 61A, 62A, and 63A can be set to, for example, 10 μm, 12 μm, and 14 μm, respectively. The widths of the openings 61A, 62A, 63A in the X direction may be changed as appropriate according to the mutual distance between the light shielding elements 61, 62, 63 in the Z direction and the distance between the light shielding elements 61 and the pixels 4 in the Z direction. it can.

  Even with such a configuration, the intensity of the diffracted light generated in the opening 60A of the optical element 60 can be reduced. The reason is shown below. Part of the light incident on the optical element 60 from the pixels 4L and 4R is first diffracted at the edge of the opening 61A of the light shielding element 61. Most of the diffracted light is shielded by the light shielding element 62 in the second layer or the light shielding element 63 in the third layer. A part of the light that has passed through the opening 61 </ b> A of the light shielding element 61 is diffracted at the edge of the opening 62 </ b> A of the light shielding element 62. Most of the diffracted light is shielded by the light shielding element 63 in the third layer. As described above, a part of the incident light to the optical element 60 is diffracted and shielded in two stages, so that the light diffracted at the edge of the opening 63A of the light shielding element 63 does not have the light shielding elements 61 and 62. Compared to the case, it is reduced. Therefore, the intensity of the diffracted light finally emitted from the opening 60A of the optical element 60 can be reduced.

  In the present embodiment, since the widths of the openings 61A, 62A, and 63A increase in this order, the openings 61A, 61A, and 61A are arranged on a line connecting the edge (side) of the pixel 4L on the opening 60A side and the edge of the opening 63A. The 62A edge is located. With this configuration, most of the light that should originally be diffracted by the opening 63A can be diffracted in advance by the openings 61A and 62A and shielded by the light shielding elements 62 and 63. The intensity of diffracted light finally emitted from the opening 60A of the optical element 60 is reduced by diffracting part of the light in advance through the openings 61A and 62A even for light traveling on an optical path other than the line. Can be made. Thus, since the optical element 60 includes the triple light shielding elements 61, 62, and 63, the intensity of the diffracted light can be more effectively reduced.

<Modification of Second Embodiment>
Although the said embodiment is the structure by which the width | variety of the X direction of opening part 61A, 62A, 63A becomes large in this order, it is not the meaning limited to this. 10 to 14 are cross-sectional views of the liquid crystal device 1 according to a modification of the second embodiment, and the position of the cross-section corresponds to the line CC in FIG. 2 according to the first embodiment. In these drawings, detailed components in the liquid crystal panel 2 are omitted.

  In FIG. 10, the widths in the X direction of the openings 61A, 62A, 63A are equal. Even with such a configuration, a part of the light incident on the opening 60A of the optical element 60 is diffracted in the opening 61A of the light shielding element 61 and the opening 62A of the light shielding element 62 and absorbed by the light shielding elements 62 and 63. The intensity of the diffracted light finally emitted from the opening 60A can be reduced. Furthermore, if the openings 61A, 62A, and 63A have the same shape in plan view, the same mask can be used when forming the openings 61A, 62A, and 63A by photolithography.

  In FIG. 11, the widths in the X direction of the openings 61A and 62A are equal, and the width in the X direction of the openings 63A is smaller than the width in the X direction of the openings 61A and 62A. In FIG. 12, the widths in the X direction of the openings 61A and 63A are equal, and the width in the X direction of the openings 62A is smaller than the width in the X direction of the openings 61A and 63A. In FIG. 13, the widths in the X direction of the openings 61A and 63A are equal, and the width in the X direction of the openings 62A is larger than the width in the X direction of the openings 61A and 63A. In FIG. 14, the widths in the X direction of the openings 61A and 62A are equal, and the width in the X direction of the openings 63A is larger than the width in the X direction of the openings 61A and 62A. 11 to 14 also diffracts part of the light incident on the opening 60A of the optical element 60 in the opening 61A of the light shielding element 61 and the opening 62A of the light shielding element 62, so that the light shielding elements 62, By absorbing by 63, the intensity of the diffracted light finally emitted from the opening 60A can be reduced.

  In addition, the magnitude relationship of the width | variety of the X direction of opening part 61A, 62A, 63A is not restricted above, It is good also as another combination. That is, any of a combination in which two of the widths in the X direction of the openings 61A, 62A, and 63A are equal and the other one is different, or a combination in which all three are different may be adopted.

(Third embodiment)
Subsequently, a third embodiment will be described. The liquid crystal device 1 of the third embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the position where the optical element 60 is formed, and the other points are the same as those of the first embodiment.

  FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal device 1 according to the third embodiment, and the position of the cross-section corresponds to the line BB in FIG. 4 in the first embodiment. In this embodiment, the optical element 60 is formed on the inner surface of the counter substrate 30 of the liquid crystal panel 2, and the polarizing plate 47 is directly attached to the observation side surface of the counter substrate 30. More specifically, a light shielding element 62, a light transmitting layer 65, and a light shielding element 61 are formed in this order on the opposing surface (surface on the liquid crystal layer 40 side) of the substrate 31 included in the counter substrate 30, thereby configuring the optical element 60. ing. A light transmitting layer 64 is further laminated on the back side of the light shielding element 61, and the color filter 32 and the light shielding layer 34 are formed on the light transmitting layer 64. As the translucent layer 64, for example, a laminate resin can be used. The light transmissive layer 64 is a layer for adjusting the distance between the light emitting portion 7 of the pixel 4 and the light shielding element 61, and can have a thickness of 50 μm as an example.

  According to such a configuration, the liquid crystal device 1 can be configured without using the substrate 51 (FIG. 5) in the first embodiment, and the thickness of the liquid crystal device 1 can be reduced. Further, when the liquid crystal device 1 is manufactured, the process of attaching the mask substrate 50 (FIG. 5) to the liquid crystal panel 2 is not necessary. Furthermore, since it is not necessary to thinly etch the substrate 31 of the counter substrate 30 in order to adjust the distance between the light emitting portion 7 of the pixel 4 and the light shielding element 61, the manufacturing process of the liquid crystal device 1 can be simplified. At the same time, the strength of the liquid crystal panel 2 can be improved.

  The third embodiment may be combined with the second embodiment. That is, the optical element 60 including the three layers of light shielding elements 61, 62, 63 may be formed on the opposing surface of the substrate 31.

<Modification of Third Embodiment>
FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal device 1 according to a modification of the third embodiment, and the position of the cross section corresponds to the line BB in FIG. 4 in the first embodiment. In this figure, among the plurality of light shielding elements 61 and 62 constituting the optical element 60, the light shielding element 61 is formed on the facing surface of the substrate 31, and the light shielding element 62 is formed on the observation side surface of the substrate 31. . A light transmitting layer 64 made of a laminate resin or the like is laminated on the back side of the light shielding element 61, and the color filter 32 and the light shielding layer 34 are formed on the light transmitting layer 64. A light-transmitting light-transmitting layer 68 is buried in the opening 62 </ b> A of the light-shielding element 62, and a polarizing plate 47 is disposed on the light-shielding element 62 and the light-transmitting layer 68. The substrate 31 is thinly processed by chemical etching or CMP. When the optical element 60 is composed of three layers of light shielding elements 61, 62, 63, at least one of them may be formed on the opposing surface of the substrate 31. As described above, the diffracted light emitted from the opening 60 </ b> A of the optical element 60 can be reduced also by the configuration in which only a part of the layers constituting the optical element 60 is formed on the opposing surface of the substrate 31.

(Fourth embodiment)
Subsequently, a fourth embodiment will be described. The liquid crystal device 1 according to the fourth embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the openings 60A of the optical element 60 are striped and the arrangement of the pixels 4L and 4R. This is the same as in the first embodiment.

  FIG. 17 is an enlarged plan view of the display area 43 of the liquid crystal device 1 according to this embodiment. FIG. 18A is an enlarged plan view of the liquid crystal panel 2, and FIG. 18B is an enlarged plan view of the mask substrate 50. FIG. 17 is a plan view showing a state in which the mask substrate 50 of FIG. 18B is overlaid on the liquid crystal panel 2 of FIG.

  The pixels 4r, 4g, and 4b are repeatedly arranged in this order in the X direction to form a pixel row 5. In the Y direction, the pixels 4 are arranged so that the pixels 4 corresponding to the same color are arranged in a line in a stripe shape. The pixels 4L and 4R are alternately and repeatedly arranged along the X direction, and the pixels 4L or the pixels 4R are arranged in a stripe shape in the Y direction.

  The opening 60A of the optical element 60 is formed in a stripe shape in a region including every other boundary region of the boundary regions between the pixel 4L and the pixel 4R in the pixel row 5 in plan view. Further, the opening 60A is arranged at a position where the pixel 4L, the opening 60A, and the pixel 4R are arranged in this order along the −X direction. Accordingly, the pixel 4L is arranged in the + X direction of a certain opening 60A, and the pixel 4R is arranged in the −X direction. Note that the opening 60 </ b> A is not provided in a portion where the pixels 4 </ b> R and 4 </ b> L are arranged in this order along the −X direction.

  Even with such a configuration, the display of the first image by the pixel 4L is viewed through the opening 60A from an angle inclined in the −X direction from the normal direction, and the display of the second image by the pixel 4R is normal. It is visually recognized through the opening 60A from an angle inclined in the + X direction from the direction.

  Here, also in this embodiment, the optical element 60 has a multilayer structure including the light shielding elements 61 and 62. Moreover, the shape in planar view of the opening part 61A of the light shielding element 61 and the opening part 62A of the light shielding element 62 is shown in FIG. As shown in this figure, in the present embodiment, the width of the opening 61A in the X direction is smaller than the width of the opening 62A in the X direction. Thereby, the intensity | strength of the diffracted light inject | emitted from 60 A of opening parts of the optical element 60 can be reduced by the effect | action similar to 1st Embodiment.

  Further, this embodiment may be combined with the second embodiment and the third embodiment. That is, the optical element 60 may be configured to include three layers of light shielding elements 61, 62, and 63, and a part of the layers that constitute the optical element 60 may be formed on the opposing surface of the substrate 31 of the counter substrate 30. Also good. Even with such a configuration, the intensity of the diffracted light emitted from the opening 60A of the optical element 60 can be reduced.

(Electronics)
The above-described liquid crystal device 1 can be used by being mounted on a display device 100 for a car navigation system as an electronic device as shown in FIG. 21, for example. In the display device 100, the liquid crystal device 1 incorporated in the display unit 110 can directionally display two images in different display angle ranges. For example, a map image can be displayed on the driver's seat side, and a movie image can be displayed on the passenger seat side. At that time, the problem that the suitable viewing range is narrowed by the diffracted light hardly occurs, and directional display can be performed over a wide range.

  The liquid crystal device 1 can be used for various electronic devices such as a mobile computer, a digital camera, a digital video camera, an in-vehicle device, and an audio device in addition to the display device 100.

  Various modifications can be made to the above embodiment. As modifications, for example, the following can be considered.

(Modification 1)
The light shielding elements 61 and 62 included in the optical element 60 may be configured using a polarizing element. That is, the light-shielding element 61 can be a polarizing layer, and the light-shielding element 62 can be a polarizing layer that is arranged so that the transmission axis intersects the transmission axis of the light-shielding element 61 in a plan view, and more preferably orthogonal. . In this way, the light incident on the optical element 60 first passes through the light shielding element 61 and becomes linearly polarized light. Of this linearly polarized light, light incident on the light shielding element 62 is absorbed by the light shielding element 62. For this reason, the region where the light shielding element 62 is formed in a plan view functions as a substantially complete light shielding layer. As a polarizing layer used for the light shielding elements 61 and 62, an absorption polarizer, a reflection polarizer, a wire grid polarizer, or the like can be used. When the optical element 60 includes three or more light shielding elements, at least two of the light shielding elements may be polarizing layers and arranged so that their transmission axes are orthogonal in a plan view.

(Modification 2)
As shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 19, the opening 61A of the light shielding element 61 and the opening 62A of the light shielding element 62 are filled with translucent layers 67 and 68 having translucency, respectively. It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the surface formed by and the surface formed by the light shielding element 62 and the light transmitting layer 68 are flat. According to such a configuration, the light transmitting layer 65 can be formed on a flat surface formed by the light shielding element 62 and the light transmitting layer 68, and the light transmitting layer 65 can be flattened. Thereby, the light shielding element 61 can be formed on a flat surface, and the arrangement accuracy of the light shielding element 61 can be improved. Further, since the adhesive 56 is disposed on a flat surface formed by the light shielding element 61 and the light transmitting layer 67, the adhesive 56 can be flattened, and consequently the mask substrate 50 and the counter substrate 30. The adhesive strength can be improved.

  This modification can also be applied when the optical element 60 is formed on the opposing surface of the opposing substrate 30. In this way, the components (for example, the color filter 32 and the light shielding layer 34) on the optical element 60 can be planarized. Thereby, the in-plane variation in the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 40 can be reduced.

(Modification 3)
The shapes of the opening 61A of the light shielding element 61 and the opening 62A of the light shielding element 62 in plan view are not limited to those in the above embodiment, and may be, for example, shapes as shown in FIGS.

  In FIG. 20B, the openings 61A and 62A are rectangular, the positions of the long sides of the rectangle are shifted in plan view, and the positions of the short sides are matched in plan view. More specifically, the width of the opening 61A in the X direction is smaller than the width of the opening 62A in the X direction, and the long side of the opening 61A is visible from the opening 62A. In the above-described embodiment, the diffracted light that affects the appropriate viewing range of the directional display is light that has a component in the X direction among the diffracted light at the opening 60A, that is, the long sides of the openings 61A and 62A. The light is diffracted by Therefore, according to the configuration in which at least the positions of the long sides of the openings 61A and 62A are shifted in plan view as shown in FIG. 20B, the diffracted light that affects the appropriate viewing range of the directional display is effectively reduced. Can be reduced.

  In FIG. 20C, the openings 61A and 62A are both elliptical, and the opening 61A is smaller than the opening 62A. In FIG. 20D, the opening 61A is rectangular, the opening 62A is substantially elliptical, and the rectangle of the opening 61A is inscribed in the elliptical shape of the opening 62A. The opening 61A may be oval and the opening 62A may be rectangular. 20C and 20D, the width in the X direction of the opening 61A can be made smaller than the width in the X direction of the opening 62A, as in the first embodiment. As described above, any one of the openings may have a curved shape, and a part of the edge of one opening may have a curved line.

  In addition, the shape of the opening can be various shapes such as a rhombus, a parallelogram, a trapezoid, and a polygon.

(Modification 4)
In the above-described embodiment, the optical element 60 includes a double or triple light shielding element. Alternatively, the optical element 60 may include a structure including four or more light shielding elements. By increasing the number of light shielding elements, incident light can be diffracted in multiple stages and each of the light can be shielded by any one of the light shielding elements, so that the diffracted light emitted from the opening 60A can be more effectively reduced. it can.

(Modification 5)
In the above embodiment, the FFS mode liquid crystal panel 2 is used as the electro-optical panel, but the liquid crystal mode is not limited to this, and for example, TN (Twisted Nematic), VA (Vertical Alignment), IPS ( Various modes such as In Plain Switching and STN (Super Twisted Nematic) can be adopted.

(Modification 6)
As the electro-optical panel, in addition to the liquid crystal panel 2, an organic EL (Electro Luminescence) device, a PDP (Plasma Display Panel), an SED (Surface-conduction Electron-emitter Display), an FED (Field Emission Display), an electrophoretic display device, etc. Various electro-optical panels can be used.

(Modification 7)
The liquid crystal device 1 of the above embodiment displays the first image and the second image in different display angle ranges, but the present invention is not limited to this. In other words, the opening of the optical element allows the light from the first pixel to pass through the first display angle range, and the light from the second pixel includes a range different from the first display angle range. Any configuration that allows passage through the angle range is acceptable. Therefore, for example, a third pixel that emits light constituting the third image may be provided so that the third image is displayed in the third display angle range. An electro-optical device capable of directional display is obtained.

It is a figure which shows the structure of a liquid crystal device, (a) is a perspective view, (b) is sectional drawing in the AA in (a). FIG. 3 is an enlarged plan view of a display area of the liquid crystal device. (A) is an enlarged plan view of a liquid crystal panel, (b) is an enlarged plan view of a mask substrate. The top view which expanded and showed the component of the vicinity of a pixel. Sectional drawing in the BB line in FIG. Sectional drawing which shows the principle of the directional display by a liquid crystal device. Sectional drawing of the liquid crystal device which concerns on the modification of 1st Embodiment. Sectional drawing of the liquid crystal device which concerns on the modification of 1st Embodiment. Sectional drawing of the liquid crystal device which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. Sectional drawing of the liquid crystal device which concerns on the modification of 2nd Embodiment. Sectional drawing of the liquid crystal device which concerns on the modification of 2nd Embodiment. Sectional drawing of the liquid crystal device which concerns on the modification of 2nd Embodiment. Sectional drawing of the liquid crystal device which concerns on the modification of 2nd Embodiment. Sectional drawing of the liquid crystal device which concerns on the modification of 2nd Embodiment. Sectional drawing of the liquid crystal device which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. Sectional drawing of the liquid crystal device which concerns on the modification of 3rd Embodiment. The enlarged plan view of the display area of the liquid crystal device which concerns on 4th Embodiment. (A) is an enlarged plan view of a liquid crystal panel, (b) is an enlarged plan view of a mask substrate. Sectional drawing of the liquid crystal device which concerns on the modification 2. FIG. The top view which shows the shape of the opening part of an optical element. The perspective view of the display apparatus as an electronic device. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an electro-optical device capable of directivity display.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Liquid crystal device as an electro-optical device, 2 ... Liquid crystal panel as an electro-optical panel, 3L, 3R, VL, VR ... Display angle range, 4 ... Pixel, 4L ... 1st pixel, 4R ... 2nd pixel, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 5 ... Pixel row, 6 ... Pixel column, 7 ... Light emission part, 9Ld, 9Rd ... Diffracted light, 10 ... Element substrate, 11 ... Substrate, 12 ... Gate line, 14 ... Source line, 16 ... Pixel electrode, 17 ... Common Electrode, 20 ... TFT element, 30 ... Counter substrate, 31 ... Substrate, 32 ... Color filter, 34 ... Light shielding layer, 40 ... Liquid crystal layer, 40A ... Liquid crystal molecule, 43 ... Display region, 46, 47 ... Polarizing plate, 49 ... Backlight, 50 ... Mask substrate, 51 ... Substrate, 56 ... Adhesive, 60 ... Optical element, 60A ... Opening, 61 ... Light-shielding element as first layer, 61A ... First opening, 62 ... Second layer As a light shielding element, 62A ... second opening, 63 ... Shielding element of a three-layer, 63A ... third opening, 64-68 ... transparent layer 100 ... display device as an electronic apparatus.

Claims (10)

An electro-optical panel having a first pixel that emits light constituting the first image and a second pixel that emits light constituting the second image;
An opening that allows light from the first pixel to pass through a first display angle range and allows light from the second pixel to pass through a second display angle range that includes a range different from the first display angle range. A light-shielding optical element disposed on the light emission side of the first pixel and the second pixel,
The optical element is
A first layer having a light shielding property provided with the first opening;
An electro-optical device comprising: a second light-shielding layer disposed on the light emission side of the first layer and provided with the second opening. The electro-optical device according to claim 1,
The electro-optical device, wherein the first opening has a shape different from that of the second opening in plan view. The electro-optical device according to claim 1 or 2,
The electro-optical panel has a pixel row in which the first pixels and the second pixels are alternately arranged,
The opening is provided in a region including every other boundary region among boundary regions between the first pixel and the second pixel in the pixel row in plan view. Optical device. The electro-optical device according to claim 3,
An electro-optical device, wherein the width of the first opening in the extending direction of the pixel row is smaller than the width of the second opening in the extending direction of the pixel row. The electro-optical device according to claim 3 or 4,
The optical element is
An electro-optical device, further comprising a light-shielding third layer disposed on the light emission side of the second layer and provided with the third opening. The electro-optical device according to claim 5,
The electro-optical device, wherein a width of the second opening in the extending direction of the pixel row is smaller than a width of the third opening in the extending direction of the pixel row. The electro-optical device according to any one of claims 3 to 6,
An electro-optical device, comprising: a plurality of pixel columns in which the first pixels and the second pixels are alternately arranged in a direction intersecting the pixel rows. The electro-optical device according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
The electro-optical panel has a pair of substrates disposed to face each other,
An electro-optical device, wherein at least the first layer of the optical elements is formed on an opposing surface of the substrate. The electro-optical device according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
The first layer is a polarizing layer;
The electro-optical device, wherein the second layer is a polarizing layer arranged so that a transmission axis intersects the transmission axis of the first layer in plan view.   An electronic apparatus comprising the electro-optical device according to claim 1.

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