JP2009065873A - Method for producing useful composition - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing a useful composition, capable of easily obtaining, with stable quality, as a transparent solution, a composition which contains a useful material such as taurine and collagen, from waste of fish and shellfish. <P>SOLUTION: This method for producing the useful composition includes an extraction treating process of treating waste derived from fish and shellfish in hot water to obtain a protein extracted solution;an enzyme treating process of adding protein splitting enzyme to the protein extracted solution to obtain a protein decomposition product solution; an enzyme deactivating treating process; and a filtration treating process of adding an adsorbent to the protein decomposition product solution after deactivation of the protein splitting enzyme to perform defatting, decoloring and deodorizing; and filtering the protein decomposition product solution containing the absorbent with a precise filteration ceramic filter which has an α-alumina purity of the filter itself of 99.56% or higher, an α-alumina purity on the surface of 99.95% or higher, and a diatomite layer on the surface to obtain a useful composition-containing transparent aqueous solution as a filtrate. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for producing a composition containing useful substances such as taurine and collagen from seafood waste.

  In seafood, many parts that are not generally edible, such as the head, outer skin, and ovarian membrane, are discarded, and the amount of seafood waste is large. On the other hand, useful parts such as taurine and collagen are also contained in the portions that are not generally edible, and it has been studied to use these useful substances as health foods, cosmetics, or pharmaceutical raw materials. Accordingly, various methods for producing the useful product from the fishery product waste have been proposed.

  For example, an extract obtained by adding water to boiling octopus waste liquid, tuna blood meat, tuna gonads, etc., is treated with proteolytic enzyme, and adsorbent is added to the resulting solution. A method is known in which after degrading proteins and fine particles are precipitated, the supernatant is concentrated using a reverse osmosis membrane or the like, and taurine is precipitated from the concentrated solution (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  Also, collagen is extracted into water by adding water to the fish skin or fish bone and heating, and the collagen-containing extract is treated with a protein hydrolase to peptideize the collagen, and the solution contains peptide-modified collagen A method is known in which collagen is obtained by decolorizing and deodorizing by adding activated carbon to the mixture and then filtering and concentrating and purifying the filtrate obtained by a reverse osmosis membrane (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

  As described above, conventionally, when producing useful materials from wastes of seafood such as steamed octopus waste liquid, tuna blood meat, tuna gonads, fish skin, fish bones, etc. Is extracted, and the extracted protein is treated with a proteolytic enzyme to be decomposed. Next, an adsorbent such as activated carbon is added to the solution containing the protein degradation product decomposed as described above to degrease, decolorize, and deodorize, and then filtrate to obtain a filtrate. In general, a filter press is used for the filtration. The obtained filtrate is further filtered through a reverse osmosis membrane or the like, and desalted and concentrated, whereby a desired useful product can be obtained.

  However, in the conventional technique, an adsorbent such as activated carbon is added to a solution containing a protein degradation product, and after degreasing, decoloring, and deodorizing, the adsorbent such as activated carbon is simply filtered by a filter press. Inconveniently, a transparent filtrate cannot be obtained.

Therefore, in the conventional technique, in order to obtain the desired useful product, it is necessary to further filter the filtrate obtained by the filter press through a reverse osmosis membrane or the like to perform desalting, concentration or purification. In addition, there are inconveniences that the setting of various conditions relating to filtration largely depends on experience, and the product quality is not stable.
JP-A-8-20572 JP 2003-238597 A

  The present invention eliminates such inconveniences, and can provide a composition containing useful substances such as taurine and collagen as a transparent solution from a seafood waste easily and with a stable quality. It aims at providing the manufacturing method of.

  In order to achieve such an object, the method for producing a useful composition of the present invention comprises an extraction treatment step of extracting protein in water to obtain a protein extract by treating fish-derived waste in warm water; , An enzyme treatment step of adding a proteolytic enzyme to the protein extract to obtain a proteolytic product solution containing the degraded protein, and an enzyme for inactivating the proteolytic enzyme by heating the proteolytic product solution The deactivation treatment step, and adding an adsorbent to the proteolysate solution in which the proteolytic enzyme has been deactivated to degrease, decolorize, and deodorize the proteolysate solution containing the adsorbent. According to a ceramic filter for microfiltration, the purity of α-alumina is 99.56% or more, the purity of α-alumina on the surface is 99.95% or more, and the surface is provided with a diatomaceous earth layer. And a filtration treatment step of obtaining an aqueous solution containing a useful composition as a filtrate.

  In the method for producing a useful composition of the present invention, an adsorbent such as activated carbon is added to the protein degradation product solution obtained through the extraction treatment step, the enzyme treatment step, and the enzyme deactivation treatment step to degrease, decolorize, and deodorize. And the proteolysate solution containing the adsorbent has a purity of α-alumina of the filter itself of 99.56% or higher and a purity of α-alumina on the surface of 99.95% or higher. Filter through a microfiltration ceramic filter with a layer. The ceramic filter for microfiltration has, for example, pores with a size in the range of 0.1 to 5 μm and a filtration accuracy in the range of 0.1 to 12 μm.

  In the method for producing a useful composition of the present invention, the adsorbent is obtained by filtering the protein degradation product solution containing the adsorbent through the ceramic filter for microfiltration to obtain an aqueous solution containing the useful composition as a filtrate. It is possible to obtain a transparent filtrate by preventing it from being mixed into the filtrate. In addition, since the desalting, concentration or purification of the intended useful composition can be performed simultaneously with the filtration, there is no need to use a reverse osmosis membrane.

  According to the method for producing a useful composition of the present invention, since the reverse osmosis membrane is not used, various conditions relating to filtration can be theoretically set without depending on experience, and a useful composition having a stable quality. Can be obtained.

  In the method for producing a useful composition of the present invention, for example, the seafood-derived waste is a salmon eyeball, and the salmon eyeball is obtained by the extraction treatment step, the enzyme treatment step, and the enzyme deactivation treatment step. After the treatment, an adsorbent is added to the proteolysate solution in which the proteolytic enzyme has been deactivated in the filtration step to perform degreasing, decolorization, and deodorization, and the proteolysate solution containing the adsorbent is used. The filter itself has a purity of α-alumina of 99.56% or more, and the purity of α-alumina on the surface is 99.95% or more, and is filtered through a ceramic filter for microfiltration equipped with a diatomaceous earth layer on the surface. A filtration treatment step for obtaining an aqueous solution containing

  The method for producing a useful composition of the present invention is, for example, wherein the seafood-derived waste product is salmon skin or salmon ovarian membrane, and the salmon skin or salmon ovary membrane is extracted and processed, After the treatment by the enzyme treatment step and the enzyme deactivation treatment step, the adsorbent is added to the protein degradation product solution in which the proteolytic enzyme is deactivated in the filtration treatment step to perform degreasing, decolorization, and deodorization, The proteolysate solution containing the adsorbent has a filter with α-alumina purity of 99.56% or higher, α-alumina purity of 99.95% or higher on the surface, and a diatomaceous earth layer on the surface. And a filtration treatment step of obtaining an aqueous solution containing taurine as a filtrate by filtration through a ceramic filter for filtration.

  Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail.

  In the method for producing a useful composition of this embodiment, first, a fish-derived waste product is treated in warm water to extract protein in water to obtain a protein extract. As the waste, in the present invention, for example, salmon eyeball, outer skin, ovarian membrane and the like can be used. The treatment can be performed by adding water to the waste and heating it.

  Next, a proteolytic enzyme is added to the protein extract to obtain a proteolysate solution containing the degraded protein. Examples of the proteolytic enzyme include alkaline protease (for example, Yakult Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., trade name: Aroase), neutral protease (for example, Yakult Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., trade name: punchase), pancreatin, papain Etc. The proteolysate thus obtained is, for example, collagen, peptides, amino acids, amino acid derivatives, saccharides bound to proteins, and the like. The protein degradation product solution may contain undegraded protein.

  Next, the proteolytic product solution is heated to inactivate the proteolytic enzyme. The inactivation of the proteolytic enzyme can be performed by heating the proteolytic product solution at a temperature of 90 ° C. for about 5 to 15 minutes, for example.

  Next, an adsorbent is added to the proteolysate solution in which the proteolytic enzyme has been deactivated to perform degreasing, decoloring, and deodorization. As the adsorbent, activated carbon, diatomaceous earth, or the like can be used.

  Next, the protein degradation product solution containing the adsorbent has an α-alumina purity of 99.56% or more on the filter itself and an α-alumina purity of 99.95% or more on the surface, and a diatomaceous earth layer on the surface. Filter with a ceramic filter for microfiltration equipped with

The ceramic filter for microfiltration has physical properties of Rockwell hardness 85, pressure resistance of 10 MPa or more, and heat resistance of 130 ° C., for example, pores having a size in the range of 0.1 to 5 μm, and 0.1 It has a filtration accuracy in the range of ˜12 μm. For example, when the pore size is 0.2 μm, the ceramic filter for microfiltration has a water permeability of 2000 liters per hour for 1 m ² . The water permeability is 10 times that of a conventional ultrafiltration membrane having the same pore size.

  The ceramic filter for fine filtration is also excellent in chemical resistance and can withstand a 4% -NaOH aqueous solution at 60 ° C and a 2% -NaOH aqueous solution at 90 ° C. Furthermore, the ceramic filter for microfiltration can be washed with a high concentration of acid or alkali at a high temperature and has a lifetime of 10 years or more.

  The ceramic filter for microfiltration may be one having a gradient in permeability along the flow direction of the protein degradation product solution and a constant permeation flux, and uniform permeability along the flow direction of the protein degradation product solution. It may be provided.

  In the present embodiment, by using the ceramic filter for microfiltration, an operation of filtering the adsorbent from the proteolysate solution to which the adsorbent has been added, and desalting, concentrating or purifying the proteolysate solution The operation can be performed in one behavior at the same time. As a result, a transparent aqueous solution containing a useful composition as a filtrate can be obtained.

  In this embodiment, when the seafood-derived waste is a salmon eyeball, a composition containing taurine, which is one of amino acids, is obtained as the useful composition by using the ceramic filter for microfiltration. be able to.

  Further, when the seafood-derived waste is salmon skin or ovarian membrane, a composition containing collagen can be obtained as the useful composition by using the ceramic filter for microfiltration.

  The ceramic filter for microfiltration can obtain the useful composition having a molecular weight distribution in a desired range by selecting a pore size range. Therefore, as the useful composition, for example, the composition containing taurine and collagen, it can be used as a health food and cosmetics, and can be used as a raw material for pharmaceuticals.

  According to the production method of the present embodiment, as described above, aqueous solutions of various useful compositions can be obtained from various wastes of seafood, and the useful composition can be obtained by drying the aqueous solution. .

  Next, examples of the present invention will be described.

  In this example, first, 100 kg of water was added to 100 kg of frozen salmon eyeballs, stirred, thawed and washed.

  After thawing and washing, 300 kg of water is added to 100 kg of dehydrated salmon eyeballs, heated until reaching a temperature of 50 ° C. for a time in the range of 10 to 60 minutes, and the proteins contained in the salmon eyeballs are extracted into water, A protein extract was obtained. Next, 500 g of proteolytic enzyme (manufactured by Yakult Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., trade name: Alloase) was added to the protein extract. The amount of the proteolytic enzyme added is 0.5% by weight based on the salmon eyeball. Then, the protein extract to which the proteolytic enzyme was added was heated at a temperature of 50 ° C. for 3 hours while stirring.

  Next, the protein degradation product solution is heated at a temperature of 90 ° C. for 15 minutes to deactivate the proteolytic enzyme, and then the upper black component is removed, and the lower layer clear solution is used as the protein degradation product solution. Collected.

  Next, 6 kg of activated carbon was added to the protein degradation product solution and heated at a temperature of 50 ° C. for 20 minutes to degrease, decolorize and deodorize the filtrate.

  Next, the proteolysate solution is subjected to a ceramic filter for microfiltration (trade name: Menbralox GP membrane, manufactured by Pall Corp.) having a gradient in permeability and a constant flux along the flow direction of the proteolysate solution. And filtered.

  The ceramic filter for microfiltration that has a gradient in permeability and a constant flux along the flow direction of the protein degradation product solution has a purity of α-alumina of the filter itself of 99.56% or more, and α-alumina on the surface. Has a purity of 99.95% or more and has a diatomaceous earth layer on the surface. The α-alumina has pores with a diameter of 0.8 μm. According to the ceramic filter for microfiltration having such a configuration, unwanted substances are unlikely to accumulate on the surface of the filter, and high molecular weight components can also permeate.

  In this example, an aqueous solution containing taurine was obtained by the filtration. The aqueous solution was transparent with no mixing of the activated carbon, and contained 87 mg / 100 g of taurine and 30% by weight of collagen.

  The taurine can be obtained by drying the aqueous solution by a method such as spray drying.

  In this example, first, 160 liters of water is added to 80 kg of salmon ovary membrane and heated until reaching a temperature of 50 ° C. for a time ranging from 10 to 60 minutes, and the protein contained in the salmon ovary membrane is extracted into water. To obtain a protein extract.

  Next, 800 g of the same proteolytic enzyme as used in Example 1 was added to the protein extract and heated at a temperature of 50 ° C. for 4 hours with stirring to obtain a proteolysate solution.

  Next, the proteolysate solution was heated at 90 ° C. for 5 minutes to inactivate the proteolytic enzyme, and then simply filtered through a 200-mesh filter, and the residual solid was removed by filtration.

  Next, 800 g of activated carbon was added to the filtrate obtained by the simple filtration, and the filtrate was degreased, decolored, and deodorized by heating at 60 ° C. for 30 minutes.

  Next, the protein degradation product solution was filtered through the same microfiltration ceramic filter as used in Example 1 to obtain an aqueous solution containing collagen. The aqueous solution was transparent with no mixing of the activated carbon and contained 10% by weight of collagen. The collagen can be obtained by drying the aqueous solution by a method such as spray drying.

  In this example, salmon ovary membrane is described. However, when salmon skin is used instead of salmon ovary membrane, collagen can be obtained by processing in the same manner as in this example. it can. Examples of the skin of the salmon include a skin of the salmon head and a skin of the body.

Claims (3)

An extraction process for extracting protein in water to obtain a protein extract by treating seafood-derived waste in warm water;
An enzyme treatment step of adding a proteolytic enzyme to the protein extract to obtain a proteolysate solution containing the degraded protein;
Heating the proteolysate solution to inactivate the proteolytic enzyme;
An adsorbent is added to the proteolysate solution in which the proteolytic enzyme has been deactivated to degrease, decolorize, and deodorize, and the proteolyte solution containing the adsorbent is purified from α-alumina purity of the filter itself. Filtration with 99.56% or more, α-alumina purity on the surface of 99.95% or more, and filtration with a ceramic filter for microfiltration equipped with a diatomaceous earth layer on the surface to obtain an aqueous solution containing a useful composition as a filtrate And a process for producing a useful composition. The seafood-derived waste is a salmon eyeball, and after the salmon eyeball is treated by the extraction treatment step, the enzyme treatment step, and the enzyme deactivation treatment step,
In the filtration treatment step, an adsorbent is added to the proteolysate solution in which the proteolytic enzyme has been deactivated to degrease, decolorize and deodorize, and the proteolysate solution containing the adsorbent is added to the α -Alumina purity is 99.56% or more, α-alumina purity on the surface is 99.95% or more, filtered through a ceramic filter for microfiltration having a diatomaceous earth layer on the surface, and an aqueous solution containing taurine as a filtrate. A method for producing a useful composition according to claim 1, further comprising a filtration treatment step to be obtained. The seafood-derived waste product is salmon skin or salmon ovary membrane, and the salmon skin or salmon ovary membrane is treated by the extraction treatment step, the enzyme treatment step, and the enzyme deactivation treatment step. ,
In the filtration treatment step, an adsorbent is added to the proteolysate solution in which the proteolytic enzyme has been deactivated to degrease, decolorize and deodorize, and the proteolysate solution containing the adsorbent is added to the α -Alumina purity is 99.56% or more, α-alumina purity on the surface is 99.95% or more, and filtered with a ceramic filter for microfiltration provided with a diatomaceous earth layer on the surface, an aqueous solution containing collagen as a filtrate. A method for producing a useful composition according to claim 1, further comprising a filtration treatment step to be obtained.