JP2009059284A - Emission amount management device, tabulation device, electric equipment, and emission management system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To promote to use renewable energy. <P>SOLUTION: A management device 54 includes a receiving circuit 110, a reduction value storage circuit 116, a control circuit 114 and a communication circuit 118. The receiving circuit 110 receives data of the amount of power generation and of small-scale power generation system and data of electric energy consumed by an electric load. The reduction value storage circuit 116 stores a sum of emission amount corresponding values. The communication circuit 118 transmits the sum of the emission value corresponding values. The control circuit 114 calculates an emission amount corresponding value about a residual electric energy. The control circuit 114 updates the sum of the emission amount corresponding values stored in the reduction value storage circuit 116 so as to increase/decrease the sum within a range that coincides with its own calculated emission amount corresponding value. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an emission management device, an aggregation device, an electrical facility, and an emission management system, and in particular, an emission management device, an aggregation device, an electrical facility, which are linked to a commercial power system and contribute to the reduction of greenhouse gases. And emissions management systems.

  In response to the global warming problem becoming serious, the Kyoto Conference on Climate Change (Kyoto Conference) was held in 1997. At the Kyoto Conference, an international commitment (Kyoto Protocol) regarding the reduction of greenhouse gases was exchanged. “Greenhouse gas” means a gas that causes the greenhouse effect. For example, carbon dioxide, methane, or nitrous oxide. Currently, in order to fulfill the obligation to reduce greenhouse gases based on emissions in 1990, governments that have ratified the Kyoto Protocol are studying full-scale measures.

  One way to meet the obligation to reduce greenhouse gases is to reduce the proportion of fossil fuels that generate greenhouse gases from the total energy consumption, ie the use of renewable energy (eg solar energy or wind energy) To promote. Therefore, in order to fulfill the obligation to reduce greenhouse gases by this method, in recent years, the spread of small-scale power generation devices has been promoted. “Small-scale power generation device” is a device connected to a commercial power system among power generation devices using renewable energy as an energy source. Small-scale power generators are often installed in private houses and municipal buildings. The small-scale power generator supplies AC power to an electric load of a house or building or a commercial power system. Note that “renewable energy” means energy that does not deplete resources in an environment where humans can survive, including the above-described solar energy and wind energy. Further, in the following description, “interconnection” means that a power generation device and a distribution line for commercial power are connected to supply power to each other. In the following description, “electrical load” means a home appliance or other device or system that operates upon receiving power. The configuration of such a small-scale power generator is shown in FIG.

  The small power generator 64 is connected to the commercial power system 52. The small-scale power generator 64 includes an independent DC power source 92 that uses renewable energy as an energy source, and a power conditioner 94 that converts DC power generated by the DC power source 92 into AC power. When the DC power source 92 is not generating power, power is supplied from the commercial power system 52 to the electrical load 56 connected to the output side of the power conditioner 94. When the DC power source 92 is generating power, AC power obtained from the DC power source 92 is supplied to the electrical load 56. Since the DC power supply 92 is a device that outputs DC power, the power conditioner 94 converts the DC power into AC power. The electric load 56 can receive AC power indirectly from the DC power source 92 by converting the power. When the DC power source 92 is generating power and the surplus power is generated, the power conditioner 94 supplies power to the commercial power system 52.

  In addition, although the prior art about this invention was demonstrated based on the general technical information which the applicant acquired, the information which should be disclosed as prior art document information before filing in the range which an applicant memorize | stores The applicant does not have

  However, in order to fulfill the greenhouse gas reduction obligations determined by the Kyoto Protocol, that is, to reduce energy consumption compared to 1990, it is considered necessary to further reduce total energy consumption, that is, energy saving. To realize energy saving, it is considered necessary to change the current structure of energy consumption. To that end, it is possible to introduce taxes on greenhouse gas emissions (global warming countermeasure tax). For example, tax may be imposed when a target for energy saving is not formulated, or when the target is less than a certain value even if the target is formulated.

  As an example, it may be possible to add a certain amount of global warming countermeasure tax to energy charges such as electricity and gas for private homes. The above taxation can be considered because the rate of increase in emissions is large and it is difficult to force energy conservation.

  However, when a certain amount of global warming countermeasure tax is added to the energy fee, there is a problem that the spread of the above-described small-scale power generation apparatus may be delayed.

  There is a possibility that the spread of small-scale power generation equipment may be delayed when a certain amount of global warming countermeasure tax is added to the energy charge, and a person who purchases a solar power generation system or wind power generation system and installs it in the building However, as those who do not purchase these power generation systems, they will pay a climate change tax. This means that those who install these small-scale power generation devices cannot enjoy the benefits of taxation for the reduction of greenhouse gases.

  Moreover, it is considered that the reason why the spread of small-scale power generation devices is delayed includes that it is difficult to enjoy the benefits of emissions trading. By using a small-scale power generation device, there is a high possibility that the emission credits can be sold, but even if the emission credits can be sold, the procedure for sale is expected to be complicated. The complexity of the procedure is why it is difficult to enjoy the benefits of emissions trading.

  The same problem arises not only for small-scale power generators but also for users of power generators that use renewable energy as an energy source. Since such a problem arises, the spread of power generation devices using renewable energy as an energy source may be delayed. This makes it difficult to promote the use of renewable energy.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide an emission amount management device, an aggregation device, an electrical facility, and an emission management system that can promote the use of renewable energy. It is in.

  In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, an emission amount management device includes a receiving means, a storage means, a processing means, and an output means. The receiving means receives the generated power amount data and the consumed power amount data. The amount of generated power is the amount of power generated by the power generation device by a method in which the ratio of the amount of greenhouse gas emission to the amount of energy is small compared to the method using fossil fuel. The amount of power consumption is the amount of power consumed by the electrical load that receives the supply of power from the power generation device. The storage means stores the sum of the discharge amount corresponding values. The emission-corresponding value is a value corresponding to the greenhouse gas emission reduced by power generation by a method with a small ratio of greenhouse gas emission. The processing means processes the data received by the receiving means. The output means outputs the sum of the discharge amount corresponding values. The processing means includes a corresponding value calculation means and an update means. The corresponding value calculating means calculates an emission amount corresponding value for the remaining power amount obtained by subtracting the consumed power amount from the generated power amount. The updating unit updates the sum of the discharge corresponding value stored in the storage unit so as to increase or decrease within a range that matches the discharge corresponding value calculated by the discharge corresponding value calculating unit.

  Moreover, it is desirable that the above-mentioned emission amount corresponding value calculating means includes a specifying means and a calculating means. The specifying means specifies time. The calculation means calculates the emission amount corresponding value using a function according to a period to which the time specified by the specifying means belongs.

  According to another aspect of the present invention, the counting device includes a receiving unit, a storage unit, a communication unit, and a processing unit. The receiving means receives data on the discharge amount corresponding value from a plurality of discharge amount management devices that store the discharge amount corresponding value. The emission-corresponding value corresponds to the greenhouse gas emission reduced by generating electricity by a method in which the ratio of the greenhouse gas emission to the energy amount is smaller than that using the fossil fuel. The storage means stores a sum of emission corresponding values indicated by data received from a plurality of emission management devices. The communication means communicates data of emission corresponding values with a device different from the plurality of emission management devices. The processing means processes the discharge amount corresponding value. The processing means includes communication control means and update means. The communication control means controls the communication means so as to communicate the data of the discharge corresponding value. The updating means increases the width corresponding to the emission corresponding value indicated by the data received by the receiving means, and increases or decreases by the width corresponding to the emission corresponding value indicated by the data communicated by the communication means. Update the sum of stored emission correspondence values.

  According to another aspect of the present invention, the electrical equipment includes a power generation device and an emission management device. The power generation device generates power by a method in which the ratio of the amount of greenhouse gas emission to the amount of energy is small compared to the method using fossil fuel. The emission management device manages the emission correspondence value. The emission-corresponding value is a value corresponding to the greenhouse gas emission reduced by power generation by a method having a small ratio of greenhouse gas emission. The power generation device includes a power generation unit, a generated power measurement unit, a supply unit, a power consumption measurement unit, and a transmission device. The power generation means generates power by a method with a small ratio of greenhouse gas emissions. The generated power measuring means measures the amount of power generated by the power generated by the power generating means. The supply means supplies at least a part of the electric power generated by the power generation means to the electric load. The power consumption measuring means measures the power consumption. The power consumption is the amount of power consumed by the electrical load. The transmission device transmits data indicating the generated power amount and data indicating the power consumption amount to the emission amount management device. The discharge amount management apparatus includes a receiving unit, a storage unit, a processing unit, and an output unit. The receiving means receives the generated power amount data and the consumed power amount data. The storage means stores the sum of the discharge amount corresponding values. The processing means processes the data received by the receiving means. The output means outputs the sum of the discharge amount corresponding values. The processing means includes a corresponding value calculation means and an update means. The corresponding value calculating means calculates an emission amount corresponding value for the remaining power amount obtained by subtracting the consumed power amount from the generated power amount. The updating unit updates the sum of the discharge corresponding value stored in the storage unit so as to increase or decrease within a range that matches the discharge corresponding value calculated by the discharge corresponding value calculating unit.

  Moreover, it is desirable that the above-described power generation system includes a plurality of power generation apparatuses each connected with an electrical load. In addition, it is desirable that the receiving means of the environmental value management device includes means for receiving generated power amount data and consumed power amount data from each of the plurality of power generating devices. At the same time, the emission value corresponding value calculation means of the environmental value management device calculates the emission corresponding value corresponding to the difference between the sum of the power generation amount and the sum of the power consumption indicated by the data transmitted by the plurality of power generation devices. It is desirable to include a means for calculating.

  According to another aspect of the present invention, an emission management system includes a plurality of power generation devices, a plurality of emission management devices connected to the plurality of power generation devices, and a counting device connected to the plurality of emission management devices. including. The power generation device generates power by a method in which the ratio of the amount of greenhouse gas emission to the amount of energy is small compared to the method using fossil fuel. The emission management device manages the emission correspondence value. The emission-corresponding value is a value corresponding to the greenhouse gas emission reduced by power generation by a method with a small ratio of greenhouse gas emission. The totaling device totals the emission correspondence values managed by the plurality of emission management devices. The power generation apparatus includes a power generation unit, a generated power measurement unit, a supply unit, a power consumption measurement unit, and a transmission unit. The power generation means generates power by a method with a small ratio of greenhouse gas emissions. The generated power measuring means measures the amount of generated power generated by the power generating means. The supply means supplies at least a part of the electric power generated by the power generation means to the electric load. The power consumption measuring means measures the amount of power consumed by the electrical load. The transmission means transmits data indicating the generated power amount and data indicating the power consumption amount to the emission amount management apparatus. The discharge amount management apparatus includes a receiving unit, a storage unit, a processing unit, and a communication unit. The receiving means receives the generated power amount data and the consumed power amount data. The storage means stores the sum of the discharge amount corresponding values. The processing means processes the data received by the receiving means. The communication means transmits data indicating a value smaller than the sum of the emission corresponding values to the counting device, and receives the emission corresponding value from the counting device. The processing means includes correspondence value calculation means, transmission control means, and update means. The corresponding value calculating means calculates an emission amount corresponding value for the remaining power amount obtained by subtracting the consumed power amount from the generated power amount. The transmission control means controls the communication means so as to transmit a value smaller than the sum of the emission corresponding values to the counting device. The updating means increases or decreases by a width that matches the emission corresponding value calculated by the corresponding value calculating means, increases by a width that matches the emission corresponding value received by the communication means, and matches the value transmitted by the communication means. The sum of the discharge corresponding values stored in the storage means is updated so as to decrease by the width. The counting device includes a receiving unit, a storage unit, a communication unit, and a processing unit. The receiving means receives data indicating emission corresponding values from a plurality of emission management devices. The storage means stores a sum of emission corresponding values indicated by data received from a plurality of emission management devices. The communication means communicates data of emission corresponding values with a device different from the plurality of emission management devices. The processing means processes the discharge amount corresponding value. The processing means includes communication control means and update means. The communication control means controls the communication means so as to communicate the data of the discharge corresponding value. The updating means increases the width corresponding to the emission corresponding value indicated by the data received by the receiving means, and increases or decreases by the width corresponding to the emission corresponding value indicated by the data communicated by the communication means. Update the sum of stored emission correspondence values.

  The emission amount management device, the counting device, the electrical equipment, and the emission management system according to the present invention can promote the use of renewable energy.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals. Their names and functions are also the same. Therefore, detailed description thereof will not be repeated.

  In the description of the present invention, “emission right” means a part of the greenhouse gas emission allowance set for each citizen. For example, it is assumed that each citizen has an emission allowance that can emit 1 ton of carbon dioxide within a predetermined period. Under this premise, the contract between A and B is concluded with the amount of carbon dioxide that can be discharged by B being 1100 kilograms instead of 900 kilograms of carbon dioxide that can be discharged by A during the predetermined period. Suppose that In this case, 100 kg of carbon dioxide emission rights were transferred from A to B.

<First Embodiment>
Hereinafter, the electrical equipment which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of the electrical equipment according to the present embodiment. Referring to FIG. 1, the electrical facility according to the present embodiment includes a small-scale power generation device 50, a commercial power system 52, a management device 54, and an electrical load 56. The small-scale power generator 50 supplies power to the electrical load 56. Note that the small-scale power generation device 50 according to the present embodiment is housed in one housing. The commercial power system 52 supplies power generated by a power company generator (not shown) to the small-scale power generator 50. The management device 54 manages the emission correspondence value. In the present embodiment, the emission corresponding value corresponds to the greenhouse gas emission reduced by generating electricity by a method in which the ratio of the greenhouse gas emission to the energy amount is smaller than the method using fossil fuel. Is the value to be The management device 54 is also a device that calculates the amount of the global warming countermeasure tax. The management device 54 is also an information notification device that notifies an emission correspondence value, a global warming countermeasure tax amount, and other information. The electrical load 56 is a device or system that operates by receiving power.

  The small-scale power generation device 50 includes a DC power source 92, a power conditioner 94, a power generation meter 96, a power consumption meter 98, a communication device 100, and an electric wire 102. The DC power source 92 is a power generation device that uses renewable energy as an energy source. The power conditioner 94 converts DC power generated by the DC power source 92 into AC power. The generated power meter 96 measures the amount of AC power converted by the power conditioner 94. As a result, the power generation amount of the DC power source 92 is indirectly measured. Although strictly different, in the present embodiment, the amount of AC power converted by the power conditioner 94 is regarded as the amount of power generated by the DC power source 92. Incidentally, the power generation meter 96 may be a device that is connected between the DC power source 92 and the power conditioner 94 and measures the power generation amount of the DC power source 92. In this case, the measured power amount may be considered to be equal to the power amount of AC power converted by the power conditioner 94, but if necessary, the power amount of AC power converted by the power conditioner 94 is Calculation is performed by a computer or the like based on the electric energy measured by the generated electric energy meter 96. The power consumption meter 98 measures the amount of power consumed by the electrical load 56. The communication device 100 transmits data on the amount of power described below. The first electric energy is the electric energy measured by the generated electric energy meter 96. The second power amount is the power amount measured by the power consumption meter 98. The electric wire 102 supplies electric power generated by the DC power source 92 and electric power from the commercial power system 52 to the electric load 56.

  Note that, when the DC power supply 92 is generating power, the small-scale power generator 50 supplies the electric power generated by the DC power supply 92 to the electrical load 56 and supplies surplus power to the commercial power system 52. When the DC power source 92 is not generating power or when the amount of power generation is lower than the power consumed by the electrical load 56, power is supplied to the electrical load 56 from the commercial power system 52.

  FIG. 2 is a control block diagram of the management device 54. Referring to FIG. 2, the management device 54 includes a receiving circuit 110, a data storage circuit 112, a control circuit 114, a reduction value storage circuit 116, a communication circuit 118, a display circuit 120, and a reporting circuit 122. Including. The receiving circuit 110 receives the power generation amount data measured by the power generation amount meter 96 and the power amount data measured by the power consumption meter 98. The data storage circuit 112 stores data received by the receiving circuit 110. The control circuit 114 processes the data received by the receiving circuit 110. The reduction value storage circuit 116 stores the amount of greenhouse gas reduction (that is, a kind of emission corresponding value). The value stored in the reduction value storage circuit 116 may be another emission amount corresponding value such as a value obtained by converting the greenhouse gas reduction amount into another value, but in the case of the present embodiment, the stored value is Is the amount of greenhouse gas reduction by power generation of the DC power source 92. The communication circuit 118 communicates information for trading emission rights with the transaction device 58. The transaction device 58 is a device that manages emissions trading in the market. The display circuit 120 displays the tax amount of the global warming countermeasure tax calculated by the tax amount calculation unit 1150 described later. The reporting circuit 122 transmits the tax amount data calculated by the tax amount calculation unit 1150 to the tax office computer (not shown).

  Control circuit 114 includes a difference calculation unit 1140, a power generation type change unit 1142, a communication control unit 1144, a change calculation unit 1146, a transaction type change unit 1148, a tax amount calculation unit 1150, and an output control unit 1152. . The difference calculation unit 1140 performs a calculation related to power amount data received by the reception circuit 110. The power generation type changing unit 1142 changes the value stored in the reduction value storage circuit 116 according to the value calculated by the difference calculating unit 1140. The communication control unit 1144 controls the communication circuit 118 so as to communicate information for trading emission rights. The change calculation unit 1146 calculates the amount of greenhouse gas that can be emitted, which changes in response to the trading of emission credits through communication of the communication circuit 118. The transaction type change unit 1148 changes the value of the greenhouse gas reduction amount stored in the reduction value storage circuit 116 according to the value calculated by the change calculation unit 1146. The tax amount calculation unit 1150 calculates the tax amount of the global warming countermeasure tax based on the value stored in the reduction value storage circuit 116. The output control unit 1152 controls the display circuit 120 and the reporting circuit 122 so as to display or transmit information on the tax amount of the global warming countermeasure tax.

  The difference calculation unit 1140 includes a specifying unit and a calculation unit. The specifying unit specifies time (date and time, more specifically, the case of the present embodiment). The calculation unit uses the function corresponding to the period (season in the case of this embodiment, to which the time specified by the specifying unit belongs, more specifically, the emission corresponding value (in the case of this embodiment). Specifically, the amount of greenhouse gas reduction) is calculated.

  Communication control unit 1144 includes a requirement determination unit 1160 and a transaction control unit 1162. The requirement determining unit 1160 determines whether or not to trade emission rights in the market. Transaction control unit 1162 controls communication circuit 118 so as to communicate information for transaction according to the result of determination by requirement determining unit 1160.

  The requirement determination unit 1160 includes a sale determination unit 1170 and a purchase determination unit 1172. The sale determination unit 1170 determines whether to sell the emission credit in the market. The purchase determination unit 1172 determines whether to purchase emission credits in the market.

  Transaction control unit 1162 includes sale control unit 1174 and purchase control unit 1176. The sale control unit 1174 controls the communication circuit 118 to communicate information for selling emission rights in the market. The purchase control unit 1176 controls the communication circuit 118 so as to communicate information for purchasing emission credits in the market.

  In the case of an emission credit transaction, when payment is made by transferring money to a bank account, the communication circuit 118 needs to communicate information with a payment device (not shown). In the case of the present embodiment, since settlement is performed by paying the deposit during the emission credit transaction, there is no need for the communication circuit 118 to communicate information with the settlement apparatus.

  FIG. 3 is a control block diagram of computer hardware. In the present embodiment, each circuit constituting the management device 54 is a virtual circuit realized by the computer hardware shown in FIG. 3 and a program stored in a recording medium such as a PC (Personal Computer) card 170. . It goes without saying that any of the circuits constituting the management device 54 may be a dedicated IC (Integrated Circuit) designed in accordance with the use of each circuit. Referring to FIG. 3, the computer hardware includes a central processing unit (CPU) 140, a display 142, a keyboard 144, a speaker 146, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 148, and a RAM (Random Access Memory) 150. , A card driving device 152, a mouse 154, a communication device 156, an interface 158, and a bus 160. The CPU 140 obtains a program describing each processing procedure from the ROM 148. CPU 140 executes the program. In addition, the CPU 140 exchanges data with the display 142, the keyboard 144, the speaker 146, the ROM 148, the RAM 150, the card driving device 152, the mouse 154, the communication device 156, and the interface 158. The display 142 displays information as an image. As a result, the information is output. The keyboard 144 detects a pressed key by a mechanical or electronic switch. Thereby, a user instruction is accepted. User instructions are output to the CPU 140 and the like via the bus 160. The speaker 146 is a device that converts a sound signal into sound and outputs the sound. The ROM 148 stores information essential for the computer hardware of FIG. 3 to perform information processing. The RAM 150 stores data necessary for executing the program. The card driving device 152 reads a program from a recording medium that can be attached and detached, such as the PC card 170. The mouse 154 allows the user to specify an icon or input other commands by clicking or dragging. The communication device 156 exchanges data with a transaction apparatus 58 or the like connected via a network by wireless or wired. The interface 158 receives data from the small-scale power generation device 50 and the like. The bus 160 interconnects the devices constituting the computer hardware of FIG.

  Generally, software executed by the CPU 140 is stored and distributed in a recording medium such as the PC card 170, read from the recording medium by the card driving device 152 or the like, and temporarily stored in the RAM 150. Further, it is read and executed by the CPU 140 described above. The computer hardware itself is general. Therefore, the most essential part of the present invention is software recorded on a recording medium such as the PC card 170. Since the operation of the computer itself is well known, detailed description thereof will not be repeated here.

  Referring to FIGS. 4, 5, and 6, management device 54 performs the following control regarding the management of emission rights.

  In step S <b> 200, interface 158 that operates as reception circuit 110 receives data from communication device 100 of small-scale power generation device 50. In the present embodiment, this data is transmitted as a packet. The transmitted data includes power generation data measured by the power generation meter 96 and power data measured by the power consumption meter 98. The CPU 140 that operates as the reception circuit 110 stores the data received by the interface 158 in the RAM 150. In this case, the RAM 150 operates as the data storage circuit 112.

  In step S <b> 202, CPU 140 that operates as a determination circuit included in difference calculation unit 1140 reads power amount data from RAM 150 that operates as data storage circuit 112. In the case of the present embodiment, data reading is performed every time the data storage circuit 112 stores data newly received by the receiving circuit 110. When the power amount data is read, the CPU 140 that operates as a determination circuit included in the difference calculation unit 1140 generates the DC power source 92 and converts the AC power amount converted by the power conditioner 94 to “0” watt-hour. It is judged whether it exceeds. If it is determined that “0” watt-hour is exceeded (YES in step S202), the process proceeds to step S204. If not (NO in step S202), the process proceeds to step S214.

  In step S <b> 204, CPU 140 that operates as a determination circuit included in difference calculation unit 1140 determines whether or not surplus power has occurred, based on the power amount data stored in RAM 150 that operates as data storage circuit 112. . When the power generation amount measured by the power generation meter 96 is larger than the power amount measured by the power consumption meter 98, the CPU 140 determines that a surplus of power has occurred. If it is determined that surplus power has occurred (YES in step S204), the process proceeds to step S206. If not (NO in step S204), the process proceeds to step S212.

  In step S <b> 206, the CPU 140 that operates as the calculation unit of the difference calculation unit 1140 subtracts the amount of power consumed by the electrical load 56 from the amount of power that can be supplied by power generation from the DC power source 92. This subtraction is calculated based on data stored in the RAM 150 that operates as the data storage circuit 112. When the electric energy is calculated, the CPU 140 that operates as the calculation unit of the difference calculation unit 1140 stores the value obtained as a result of the subtraction in its own buffer.

  In step S208, the real time clock of the CPU 140 that operates as the specifying unit of the difference calculating unit 1140 specifies the date and time. When the date and time are specified, the CPU 140 that operates as the calculation unit of the difference calculation unit 1140 converts the difference in the electric energy calculated in step S206 into a greenhouse gas reduction amount. Except that a function according to the period (the period to which the real-time clock that operates as the identifying unit belongs, which belongs to the present embodiment and more specifically the season) is used (this book) In embodiments other than the embodiment, it goes without saying that the same function is always used, or the function may be selected based on a criterion different from the period), and the conversion formula is limited. Is not to be done. For example, in the case of this embodiment, (reduction amount of greenhouse gas converted to carbon) = (0.196−0.017) × (difference in electric energy) × (coefficient according to season) = (0 .179) × (difference in electric energy) × (coefficient according to season). However, the unit of reduction of greenhouse gases converted to carbon is kilograms. The unit of difference in electric energy is kilowatt hours. The amount of greenhouse gas produced when power is generated by thermal power generation is 0.196 kilogram per kilowatt hour. The value obtained by dividing the amount of greenhouse gas generated when producing a solar cell by the total amount of power generated by the solar cell is 0.017 kilogram per kilowatt hour. The amount of greenhouse gas reduction described above is calculated as the difference between these two values.

  In step S210, the CPU 140 operating as the difference calculation unit 1140 stores the reduction amount calculated in step S208 in a buffer (not shown) built therein. When the reduction amount is stored, CPU 140 operating as power generation type changing unit 1142 reads the value from reduction value storage circuit 116. This value is equal to the amount of greenhouse gas reduction already reduced in the small-scale power generation device 50. When the value is read, CPU 140 operating as power generation type changing unit 1142 sums the value read from RAM 150 operating as reduction value storage circuit 116 and the value stored in the buffer incorporated therein. When the values are summed, the CPU 140 that operates as the power generation type changing unit 1142 overwrites and saves the value obtained by the summation in the RAM 150 that operates as the reduction value storage circuit 116. Thereby, the reduction amount stored in the RAM 150 operating as the reduction value storage circuit 116 is changed according to the reduction amount calculated by the CPU 140 operating as the difference calculation unit 1140. When the hardware that operates as the difference calculation unit 1140 and the hardware that operates as the power generation type change unit 1142 are different hardware, the reduction amount calculated by the difference calculation unit 1140 in step S208 is used as the power generation type change unit 1142. Is output prior to reading of the value from the reduction value storage circuit 116.

  In step S <b> 212, CPU 140 operating as difference calculation unit 1140 subtracts the amount of power that can be supplied by the power generation of DC power supply 92 from the amount of power consumed by electrical load 56. This subtraction is performed based on data stored in the RAM 150 that operates as the data storage circuit 112. When the electric energy is calculated, the CPU 140 operating as the difference calculation unit 1140 stores the value obtained as a result of the subtraction in its own buffer.

  In step S <b> 214, CPU 140 that operates as difference calculation unit 1140 reads a value from RAM 150 that operates as reduction value storage circuit 116. As described above, this value is equal to the amount of greenhouse gas reduction already reduced in the small-scale power generation device 50. When the value is read, CPU 140 operating as difference calculation unit 1140 converts the value into electric energy. The conversion formula is the same as the conversion formula used in step S208. Thereby, the electric energy which can cancel the difference of the electric energy memorize | stored in the buffer of CPU140 will be calculated.

  In step S216, CPU 140 operating as difference calculation unit 1140 cancels the amount of power calculated in step S212 with the amount of power calculated in step S214.

  In step S218, CPU 140 operating as difference calculation unit 1140 converts the amount of power canceled in step S216 into a greenhouse gas reduction amount. The conversion formula is the same as the conversion formula used in step S208.

  In step S220, CPU 140 operating as power generation type changing unit 1142 overwrites and saves the value converted in step S218 in RAM 150 operating as reduction value storage circuit 116. As a result, the value stored in the RAM 150 that operates as the reduction value storage circuit 116 is changed.

  In step S222, CPU 140 operating as a determination circuit included in tax amount calculation unit 1150 determines whether or not the time for declaring a warming countermeasure tax has arrived, according to the value of the real-time clock incorporated therein. If it is determined that the reporting time has arrived (YES in step S222), the process proceeds to step S224. If not (NO in step S222), the process proceeds to step S230.

  In step S224, CPU 140 that operates as tax amount calculation unit 1150 reads a value from RAM 150 that operates as reduction value storage circuit 116. When the value is read, CPU 140 operating as tax amount calculation unit 1150 multiplies the read value by a coefficient. When the coefficient is multiplied, the CPU 140 operating as the tax amount calculation unit 1150 subtracts a value obtained as a result of multiplying the coefficient from a predetermined value. The value obtained as a result is the amount of the warming countermeasure tax in the present embodiment.

  In step S226, CPU 140 operating as output control unit 1152 outputs a signal to display 142 operating as display circuit 120. This signal represents the amount of the warming countermeasure tax calculated in step S224. The display 142 that operates as the display circuit 120 displays the amount of the warming countermeasure tax in accordance with the signal. Thereby, CPU140 which operate | moves as the output control part 1152 will control the display circuit 120 so that the information of the amount of a warming countermeasure tax may be output. Further, the CPU 140 that operates as the output control unit 1152 controls the communication device 156 that operates as the reporting circuit 122 so as to transmit data to a computer of a tax office (not shown). The data represents the amount of the global warming countermeasure tax calculated in step S224.

  In step S230, communication device 156 operating as communication circuit 118 receives sales price data from transaction apparatus 58. The communication device 156 receives the data in accordance with the control of the CPU 140 that operates as the sale control unit 1174. Information represented by the received data is stored in a buffer built in CPU 140 that operates as change calculation unit 1146. The communication device 156 operating as the communication circuit 118 receives purchase price data from the transaction apparatus 58. The communication device 156 receives the data under the control of the CPU 140 that also operates as the purchase control unit 1176. Information represented by the received data is stored in a buffer built in CPU 140 that operates as change calculation unit 1146.

  In step S232, CPU 140 that operates as sale determination unit 1170 determines whether or not the value stored in RAM 150 that operates as reduction value storage circuit 116 exceeds the first threshold value. The “first threshold” in this step is a value equal to the trading unit of emission credits. If it is determined that the first threshold value is exceeded (YES in step S232), the process proceeds to step S234. If not (NO in step S232), the process proceeds to step S240.

  In step S234, CPU 140 that operates as transaction type change unit 1148 reads the value stored in RAM 150 that operates as reduction value storage circuit 116. The read value is stored in the buffer of the CPU 140 and is thus handled in the same manner as that output from the transaction type changing unit 1148 to the change calculating unit 1146. When the value is read, CPU 140 operating as change calculation unit 1146 subtracts the first threshold value from the read value. By storing the subtracted value in the buffer of the CPU 140, the subtracted value is subjected to the same handling as that output from the change calculating unit 1146 to the transaction type changing unit 1148. When the first threshold is subtracted, the CPU 140 that operates as the transaction type change unit 1148 overwrites and stores the remaining value after the threshold is subtracted in the RAM 150 that operates as the reduction value storage circuit 116. As a result, the CPU 140 that operates as the transaction type change unit 1148 changes the value stored in the RAM 150 that operates as the reduction value storage circuit 116.

  In step S236, the communication device 156 operating as the communication circuit 118 transmits a packet for selling order to the transaction apparatus 58. The communication device 156 transmits the packet in accordance with the control of the CPU 140 that operates as the sale control unit 1174. As a result, information indicating an offer to sell the emission credit is notified to the transaction device 58.

  In step S238, communication device 156 operating as communication circuit 118 receives from transaction device 58 a packet indicating that payment has been completed.

  In step S240, CPU 140 operating as purchase determination unit 1172 determines whether or not the value stored in RAM 150 operating as reduction value storage circuit 116 is equal to or smaller than the second threshold value. The “second threshold” in this step is a threshold for determining whether or not to purchase emission rights. If determined to be equal to or smaller than the second threshold (YES in step S240), the process proceeds to step S242. If not (NO in step S240), the process proceeds to step S248.

  In step S <b> 242, the communication device 156 operating as the communication circuit 118 transmits a packet for a purchase order to the transaction apparatus 58. The communication device 156 transmits the packet under the control of the CPU 140 that operates as the purchase control unit 1176. Thereby, the transaction device 58 is notified of information meaning an offer to purchase emission credits.

  In step S244, communication device 156 operating as communication circuit 118 receives a packet indicating that payment has been completed from transaction apparatus 58.

  In step S246, CPU 140 operating as transaction type changing unit 1148 reads the value stored in RAM 150 operating as reduction value storage circuit 116. When the value is read, CPU 140 operating as transaction type changing unit 1148 stores the read value in its own buffer. Thereby, it is considered that the value is output from the transaction type changing unit 1148 to the change calculating unit 1146. When the output is executed, the CPU 140 operating as the change calculating unit 1146 adds the amount of greenhouse gas that can be discharged by the purchased emission right to the output value. When the amount of greenhouse gas is added, the CPU 140 operating as the change calculating unit 1146 stores the calculated value in its own buffer. Thereby, it is considered that the value is output from the change calculation unit 1146 to the transaction type change unit 1148. When the value is output, the CPU 140 operating as the transaction type changing unit 1148 overwrites and saves the output value in the reduction value storage circuit 116. As a result, the CPU 140 operating as the transaction type changing unit 1148 increases the value stored in the RAM 150 operating as the reduction value storage circuit 116.

  In step S248, CPU 140 operating as a determination circuit included in difference calculation unit 1140 determines whether or not the management of emission rights is to be terminated. If it is determined that the management of emission rights is to be ended (YES in step S248), the process ends. Otherwise (NO in step S248), the process proceeds to step S200.

The management of emission rights based on the above structure and flowchart will be described.
[When the amount of power generated is greater than or equal to the amount of power consumed]
The receiving circuit 110 receives data (step S200). When the data is received, the determination circuit included in the difference calculation unit 1140 determines whether the amount of AC power exceeds “0” watt-hour (step S202). In this case, since the amount of AC power exceeds “0” watt hours (YES in step S202), the determination circuit included in difference calculation unit 1140 determines whether or not surplus power has occurred (step). S204). In this case, since a surplus of power has occurred (YES in step S204), difference calculation unit 1140 calculates the difference between the amount of power that can be supplied and the amount of power consumed. (Step S206). When the difference in power amount is calculated, the difference calculation unit 1140 converts the difference in power amount into the greenhouse gas reduction amount (step S208). When the reduction amount is converted, the power generation type changing unit 1142 increases the value stored in the reduction value storage circuit 116 (step S210). When the value increases, the determination circuit included in the tax amount calculation unit 1150 determines whether or not the time for reporting the warming countermeasure tax has arrived (step S222). In this case, if it is time to report the warming countermeasure tax (YES in step S222), tax amount calculation unit 1150 calculates the amount of the warming countermeasure tax (step S224). When the amount is calculated, the display circuit 120 displays the amount. The reporting circuit 122 transmits data representing the amount of the global warming countermeasure tax to the tax office computer (step S226).

  When the reporting is completed, the communication circuit 118 receives the sales price data and the purchase price data (step S230). When the data is received, sale determination unit 1170 determines whether or not the value stored in reduction value storage circuit 116 exceeds the first threshold (step S232). In this case, if it exceeds the first threshold value (YES in step S232), transaction type changing unit 1148 decreases the value stored in reduction value storage circuit 116 (step S234). When the value decreases, the communication circuit 118 transmits a packet for selling order to the transaction apparatus 58 (step S236). After the packet is transmitted, the communication circuit 118 receives from the transaction device 58 a packet indicating that the payment has been completed (step S238). When the packet is received, the determination circuit included in the difference calculation unit 1140 determines whether to end the management (step S248). In this case, assuming that the management is not finished yet, the processes after step S200 are repeated.

[When the amount of generated power is less than the amount of consumed power]
Through the processing of step S200 and step S202, the determination circuit included in the difference calculation unit 1140 determines whether or not a surplus of electric power has occurred (step S204). In this case, since the amount of power is insufficient (NO in step S204), difference calculation unit 1140 subtracts the amount of power that can be supplied from the amount of consumed power (step S212). . When the power amount is subtracted, the difference calculation unit 1140 calculates a power amount that can be offset from the value stored in the reduction value storage circuit 116 (step S214). When the power amount is calculated, the difference calculation unit 1140 cancels the difference in power amount calculated in step S212 with the power amount calculated in step S214 (step S216). When the power amount is canceled, the difference calculation unit 1140 converts the canceled power amount into a greenhouse gas reduction amount (step S218). When the conversion is completed, the power generation type changing unit 1142 stores the value in the reduction value storage circuit 116 (step S220).

  Thereafter, the determination circuit included in the tax amount calculation unit 1150 determines whether or not it is time to report (step S222). In this case, if it is not yet time for the declaration (NO in step S222), through the process in step S230, sale determination unit 1170 determines whether or not the value stored in reduction value storage circuit 116 exceeds the first threshold value. Is determined (step S232). In this case, if the value falls below the first threshold value (NO in step S232), purchase determination unit 1172 determines whether the value stored in reduction value storage circuit 116 is equal to or smaller than the second threshold value. (Step S240). In this case, if the value stored in reduction value storage circuit 116 is equal to or smaller than the second threshold (YES in step S240), communication circuit 118 transmits a packet for a purchase order to transaction apparatus 58 (step S240). S242). After the packet is transmitted, the communication circuit 118 receives from the transaction device 58 a packet indicating that the settlement has ended (step S244). When the packet is received, transaction type changing unit 1148 increases the value stored in reduction value storage circuit 116 (step S246).

  As described above, the management device according to the present embodiment can reduce the amount of electric power generated by the DC power source when the DC power source that is connected to the commercial power system and contributes to the reduction of greenhouse gases is generated. Based on this, the tax amount of the climate change tax is calculated so that the amount is changed. “Global warming tax” refers to a tax that allows a taxpayer to pay a certain amount of tax while deducting it depending on the amount of greenhouse gas reduction. Since the tax amount of the global warming countermeasure tax is calculated in this way, the warming countermeasure tax for the electric power supplied from the commercial power system can be offset based on the power generation performed in the past. The management apparatus according to the present embodiment cancels the global warming countermeasure tax for the power supplied from the commercial power system based on the results of power generation performed in the past. As a result, even if the power generation amount of the small-scale power generation device continues for a short period, it is possible to reduce the tax amount of the global warming countermeasure tax based on the results of power generation performed in the past. Since the taxable amount of the warming countermeasure tax can be reduced, the spread of small-scale power generation devices can be promoted. In addition, since the reduction of the electric power consumed by the electrical load can be promoted through the taxation of the global warming countermeasure tax, the management device according to the present embodiment can produce an energy saving effect.

  In addition, the management device according to the present embodiment can sell the emission credits generated by using the small-scale power generation device or consume the emission credits purchased in the market. In other words, the management device according to the present embodiment markets an emission right, which is a right to discharge greenhouse gas, depending on the state of power generation of a DC power source that contributes to greenhouse gas reduction linked to the commercial power system. Trade in. As a result, the owner of the small-scale power generation device can enjoy the profit of the emission right through taxation of the global warming countermeasure tax, and energy saving can be promoted.

  Accordingly, the management device according to the present embodiment can promote the use of renewable energy.

  As a modification, in step S200, the interface 158 operating as the receiving circuit 110 may receive only the data of the power generation amount measured by the power generation amount meter 96. In this case, the following process is performed instead of the process from step S202 to step S220. The first process is a process in which the CPU 140 operating as the difference calculation unit 1140 converts the power generation amount measured by the power generation meter 96 into a greenhouse gas reduction amount. The conversion method is the same as in step S208. However, the power generation amount measured by the power generation meter 96 is substituted into the conversion formula instead of the difference in power amount. The second process is a process in which the reduction amount stored in the RAM 150 operating as the reduction value storage circuit 116 is changed according to the reduction amount calculated by the CPU 140 operating as the difference calculation unit 1140. The change procedure is the same as in step S210.

<Second Embodiment>
Hereinafter, an emission management system according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the configuration of the emission amount management system according to the present embodiment. Referring to FIG. 7, the emission amount management system according to the present embodiment includes a plurality of small-scale power generation devices 50, a plurality of commercial power systems 52, and a management system 60. The management system 60 manages emission rights in the plurality of small-scale power generation devices 50.

  The management system 60 includes a plurality of management devices 180 and an intermediary device 182. The management device 180 manages the emission rights of the small-scale power generation device 50. The intermediary device 182 aggregates emission rights (and thus emission amount corresponding values) with a plurality of management devices 180, and communicates information for trading emission rights. In the case of the present embodiment, the emission rights traded between the management device 180 and the mediation device 182 are referred to as “first emission rights”. The intermediary device 182 communicates information for trading emission rights with the transaction device 58. The transaction device 58 is a device that manages emissions trading in the market. In the case of the present embodiment, the emission right traded between the transaction device 58 and the intermediary device 182 is referred to as a “second emission right”. The second emission credit differs from the first emission credit in the size of the emission allowance. The intermediary device 182 is also a device that settles money with the settlement device 62 installed in the bank.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the management device 180. Referring to FIG. 8, management device 180 includes a reception circuit 110, a data storage circuit 112, a control circuit 113, a reduction value storage circuit 116, and a communication circuit 119. The control circuit 113 is a circuit that controls the reception circuit 110 and the communication circuit 119. The communication circuit 119 is a circuit that communicates data and the like with the mediation device 182 using packets.

  Control circuit 113 includes a difference calculation unit 1140, a power generation type change unit 1142, a communication control unit 1144, a change calculation unit 1146, and a transaction type change unit 1148. Communication control unit 1144 includes a requirement determination unit 1160 and a transaction control unit 1162. The requirement determination unit 1160 includes a sale determination unit 1170 and a purchase determination unit 1172. Transaction control unit 1162 includes sale control unit 1174 and purchase control unit 1176.

  Except for the communication circuit 119, the functions of the circuits constituting the management device 180 are the same as those in the first embodiment. Therefore, detailed description thereof will not be repeated here.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the mediation device 182. Referring to FIG. 9, intermediary device 182 includes a first communication circuit 270, a control circuit 272, a generation circuit 274, an issue circuit 276, and a second communication circuit 278. Although the control circuit 272, the generation circuit 274, and the issue circuit 276 may be configured as one circuit, in the present embodiment, they are configured as separate circuits independent of each other. The first communication circuit 270 is a circuit that communicates data and the like with the management apparatus 180 using packets. One type of information communicated as a packet is information for trading the first emission credit. The control circuit 272 is a circuit that controls the first communication circuit 270 and the second communication circuit 278. The generation circuit 274 generates data for trading emission rights based on a reduction amount calculated by a total calculation unit 2734 described later. “Data for trading emission credits” means data for trading emissions credits in the market, the format of which and the contents of information included are predetermined. The intermediary device 182 may include a circuit that generates data for trading the first emission right and data for trading the second emission right. In the present embodiment, the generation circuit 274 Suppose that only data for trading the second emission right is generated. The issuance circuit 276 is a circuit that adds data indicating that the emission credits traded by the intermediary device 182 have been certified to the data for trading the emission credits. The second communication circuit 278 is a circuit that communicates information for trading the second emission right with the transaction device 58.

  Control circuit 272 includes a purchase control unit 2720, a calculation unit 2722, and a sale control unit 2724. The purchase control unit 2720 controls one of the first communication circuit 270 and the second communication circuit 278 so as to communicate information for purchasing one of the first emission right and the second emission right. . The calculation unit 2722 calculates the amount of greenhouse gas that can be emitted by purchasing the emission right. The sale control unit 2724 controls the other of the first communication circuit 270 and the second communication circuit 278 so as to communicate information for selling the other right of the first emission right and the second emission right. . The emission right to be sold is a right to discharge an amount of greenhouse gas equal to or less than the amount calculated by the calculation unit 2722.

  The purchase control unit 2720 includes a first control unit 2730 and a second control unit 2732. The first control unit 2730 controls the first communication circuit 270 so as to communicate information for purchasing the first emission right. The second control unit 2732 controls the second communication circuit 278 so as to communicate information for purchasing the second emission right.

  Calculation unit 2722 includes a total calculation unit 2734 and an assigned value calculation unit 2736. The total calculation unit 2734 calculates the total amount of greenhouse gases that can be emitted by purchasing a plurality of first emission rights. The assigned value calculation unit 2736 also calculates the amount of greenhouse gas that can be emitted. The amount of greenhouse gas calculated by the assigned value calculation unit 2736 is the amount of greenhouse gas that can be emitted by purchasing the first emission right. The total amount of greenhouse gases calculated by the assigned value calculator 2736 is equal to or less than the amount of greenhouse gases that can be emitted by purchasing the second emission right. The assigned value calculation unit 2736 calculates the amount of greenhouse gas that can be emitted for each of the plurality of first emission rights. A specific method for calculation is not particularly limited. Such methods include the following methods. The first method is a method of dividing the total amount equal to or less than the amount of greenhouse gas that can be emitted by purchasing the second emission right by the number of management devices 180 with which the first communication circuit 270 is communicating. is there. In the second method, the total amount equal to or less than the amount of greenhouse gas that can be emitted by the purchase of the second emission right is transmitted to the intermediary device 182 to request the purchase of the first emission right. This is a method of dividing by the number of management devices 180.

  The sale control unit 2724 includes a third control unit 2738 and a fourth control unit 2740. The third control unit 2738 controls the first communication circuit 270 so as to communicate information for selling the first emission right. The amount of greenhouse gas that can be emitted by the first emission right to be sold is the amount calculated by the assigned value calculation unit 2736. The fourth control unit 2740 controls the second communication circuit 278 so as to communicate information for selling the second emission right. The second emission right to be sold is a right for discharging greenhouse gas in an amount equal to or less than the total calculated by the total calculation unit 2734.

  In the case of the first emission credit transaction, if payment is made by paying the deposit, the second communication circuit 278 does not need to communicate information with the payment device 62. In the case of the present embodiment, since the transfer to the bank account is performed at the time of the first emission credit transaction, the second communication circuit 278 is used for the first emission credit transaction with the settlement device 62. There is a need to communicate information.

  Further, in the case of the second emission credit transaction, when payment is performed by transferring to a bank account, the second communication circuit 278 needs to communicate information with the settlement apparatus 62. In the case of the present embodiment, since the settlement is performed by paying the deposit during the second emission credit transaction, the second communication circuit 278 makes a second emission credit transaction with the settlement device 62. There is no need to communicate information for.

  Each circuit constituting the management device 180 and each circuit constituting the mediation device 182 are virtual devices realized by the computer hardware shown in FIG. 3 and a program stored in a recording medium such as the PC card 170. is there. In the case of the present embodiment, it is assumed that the management device 180 and the mediation device 182 are realized by different computer hardware. However, any of the plurality of management devices 180 and the mediation device 182 may be realized by the same computer hardware. It goes without saying that any one of the circuits constituting the management device 180 and any of the circuits constituting the mediation device 182 may be a dedicated IC designed in accordance with the use of each circuit.

  Generally, software executed by the CPU 140 is stored and distributed in a recording medium such as the PC card 170, read from the recording medium by the card driving device 152 or the like, and temporarily stored in the RAM 150. Further, it is read and executed by the CPU 140 described above. The computer hardware itself is general. Therefore, the most essential part of the present invention is software recorded on a recording medium such as the PC card 170. Since the operation of the computer itself is well known, detailed description thereof will not be repeated here.

  Other hardware configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment. They have the same function. Therefore, detailed description thereof will not be repeated here.

  Referring to FIG. 10, the program executed by management device 180 performs the following control regarding the management of emission rights.

  In step S300, management device 180 updates the value stored in RAM 150 that operates as reduction value storage circuit 116. This process corresponds to the process from step S200 to step S220 described above. In the present embodiment, the processing from step S222 to step S226 is not performed.

  In step S302, CPU 140 that operates as sale determination unit 1170 determines whether or not the value stored in RAM 150 that operates as reduction value storage circuit 116 exceeds the first threshold value. The “first threshold” in this step is a threshold for determining whether or not to sell the first emission right. In the case of the present embodiment, the specific value of the first threshold is different for each management device 180. If it is determined that the value exceeds the first threshold (YES in step S302), the process proceeds to step S304. If not (NO in step S302), the process proceeds to step S310.

  In step S304, CPU 140 operating as transaction type changing unit 1148 reads the value stored in RAM 150 operating as reduction value storage circuit 116. The read value is stored in the buffer of the CPU 140. When the value is read, CPU 140 operating as change calculation unit 1146 subtracts the first threshold value described above from the value read by transaction type change unit 1148. The subtracted value is stored in the buffer of the CPU 140. When the first threshold is subtracted, the CPU 140 that operates as the transaction type change unit 1148 overwrites and stores the remaining value after the threshold is subtracted in the RAM 150 that operates as the reduction value storage circuit 116. As a result, the CPU 140 that operates as the transaction type change unit 1148 decreases the value stored in the RAM 150 that operates as the reduction value storage circuit 116.

  In step S306, the communication device 156 operating as the communication circuit 119 transmits a packet informing the mediating apparatus 182 of the greenhouse gas reduction amount. In the case of the present embodiment, when this packet is transmitted, it is considered that the contract for the owner of the mediation device 182 to purchase the first emission right from the owner of the management device 180 has been established. The communication device 156 transmits the packet in accordance with the control of the CPU 140 that operates as the sale control unit 1174.

  In step S308, the communication device 156 operating as the communication circuit 119 receives a packet indicating that the settlement relating to the first emission right transaction has ended from the intermediary device 182.

  In step S310, CPU 140 operating as purchase determination unit 1172 determines whether or not the value stored in RAM 150 operating as reduction value storage circuit 116 is below the second threshold. The “second threshold value” in this step is a threshold value for determining whether or not to purchase the first emission right. In the case of the present embodiment, the specific value of the second threshold value differs for each management device 180. If it is determined that the value is below the second threshold (YES in step S310), the process proceeds to step S312. If not (NO in step S310), the process proceeds to step S318.

  In step S312, the communication device 156 operating as the communication circuit 119 transmits a packet for purchasing the first emission right. The communication device 156 transmits the packet under the control of the CPU 140 that operates as the purchase control unit 1176.

  In step S314, the communication device 156 operating as the communication circuit 119 receives a packet indicating that the settlement relating to the first emission right transaction has been completed from the intermediary device 182. In the case of the present embodiment, it is assumed that this packet includes information representing the amount of greenhouse gas that can be emitted by purchasing the first emission right.

  In step S316, CPU 140 operating as transaction type changing unit 1148 reads the value stored in RAM 150 operating as reduction value storage circuit 116. When the value is read, CPU 140 operating as transaction type changing unit 1148 stores the read value in its own buffer. When the value is stored, the CPU 140 operating as the change calculating unit 1146 adds the amount of greenhouse gas that can be emitted by the purchased emission right to the value stored in the buffer. When the amount of greenhouse gas is added, the CPU 140 operating as the change calculating unit 1146 stores the calculated value in its own buffer. When the value is stored, CPU 140 operating as transaction type changing unit 1148 overwrites and stores the stored value in reduction value storage circuit 116. As a result, the CPU 140 operating as the transaction type changing unit 1148 increases the value stored in the RAM 150 operating as the reduction value storage circuit 116.

  In step S318, CPU 140 operating as a determination circuit included in difference calculation unit 1140 determines whether or not the management of emission rights is to be terminated. If it is determined that the management of emission rights is to be ended (YES in step S318), the process ends. If not (NO in step S318), the process proceeds to step S300.

  With reference to FIG. 11 and FIG. 12, the program executed by the intermediary device 182 executes the following control with respect to the emission credit transaction.

  In step S330, the communication device 156 that operates as the first communication circuit 270 receives the packet from the management apparatus 180.

  In step S332, the CPU 140 operating as the determination unit included in the third control unit 2738 is a packet for the management device 180 to order the first emission right from the mediation device 182 among the packets received by the communication device 156. It is determined whether or not is included. If it is determined that a packet for ordering the first emission right is included (YES in step S332), the process proceeds to step S334. If not (NO in step S332), the process proceeds to step S350.

  In step S334, CPU 140 that operates as a calculation unit included in third control unit 2738 has a greenhouse effect that enables emission based on the information represented by the packet for ordering the first emission right received in step S330. Calculate the total amount of gas. In the case of the present embodiment, the packet for ordering the first emission right includes information representing the amount of greenhouse gas that can be emitted by purchasing the first emission right once. . When the total is calculated, CPU 140 operating as a determination unit included in third control unit 2738 determines whether the total exceeds a threshold value. If it is determined that the total exceeds the threshold value (YES in step S334), the process proceeds to step S336. If not (NO in step S334), the process proceeds to step S330.

  In step S336, the communication device 156 that operates as the second communication circuit 278 receives transaction price data as a packet from the transaction device 58 under the control of the CPU 140 that operates as the second control unit 2732. The CPU 140 operating as the second control unit 2732 stores the transaction price data in its own buffer.

  In step S338, the communication device 156 operating as the second communication circuit 278 transmits a packet for a purchase order to the transaction apparatus 58. The communication device 156 transmits the packet under the control of the CPU 140 that operates as the second control unit 2732. The second emission right ordered by this packet is an emission right that allows the CPU 140 that operates as a calculation unit included in the third control unit 2738 to discharge an amount of greenhouse gas more than the total calculated in step S334.

  In step S340, communication device 156 operating as second communication circuit 278 receives a packet indicating that payment has been completed from transaction device 58. As a result, information for purchasing the second emission right is transmitted.

  In step S342, CPU 140 operating as assigned value calculation unit 2736 calculates the amount of greenhouse gas that can be emitted for each management device 180 that has transmitted a packet to order the first emission right. The calculated amount of greenhouse gas is the amount of greenhouse gas that can be emitted when the management device 180 that has transmitted the packet to order the first emission right purchases the first emission right. is there. The total amount of greenhouse gases calculated by the assigned value calculator 2736 is equal to or less than the amount of greenhouse gases that can be emitted by purchasing the second emission right. When the amount of greenhouse gas is calculated, the CPU 140 operating as the assigned value calculation unit 2736 sets the price of the first emission right for each management device 180 that has transmitted a packet for ordering the first emission right. calculate. A specific method for calculating the price is not particularly limited. In the case of the present embodiment, the price of the first emission right is calculated through the following procedure. In the first procedure, the amount of greenhouse gas that can be emitted by the first emission right whose price is to be calculated can be emitted by the second emission right traded in steps S338 and S340. The procedure is to divide by the amount of greenhouse gas. The second procedure is a procedure of multiplying the transaction price represented by the data received in step S336 by the value calculated in the first procedure. The third procedure is a procedure in which the amount of profit is added to the value calculated in the second procedure.

  In step S344, the communication device 156 operating as the second communication circuit 278 transmits a packet for requesting payment to the payment apparatus 62. The communication device 156 transmits the packet under the control of the CPU 140 that operates as the second control unit 2732. “Settlement” in this step means that the amount of money calculated in step S342 is transferred from the account of the owner of the management apparatus 180 to the account of the owner of the mediation apparatus 182.

  In step S346, the communication device 156 operating as the second communication circuit 278 receives from the payment device 62 a packet indicating that the payment has been completed.

  In step S348, communication device 156 operating as first communication circuit 270 transmits to management device 180 a packet indicating that payment has been completed. This packet includes information representing the amount of greenhouse gas that can be emitted by purchasing the first emission right. The amount of greenhouse gas represented by this information is equal to the amount calculated for each management device 180 in step S342.

  In step S350, CPU 140 operating as first control unit 2730 stores the greenhouse gas reduction amount represented by the packet transmitted from each management device 180 in step S306 in its own buffer. When the reduction amount is stored, the CPU 140 operating as the total calculation unit 2734 calculates the total reduction amount of the greenhouse gas stored in the buffer. This sum is equal to the total amount of greenhouse gases that can be emitted by purchasing multiple first emission rights. When the total greenhouse gas reduction amount is calculated, CPU 140 operating as a determination unit included in total calculation unit 2734 determines whether the total greenhouse gas reduction amount exceeds a threshold value. If it is determined that the threshold value is exceeded (YES in step S350), the process proceeds to step S352. Otherwise (NO in step S350), the process proceeds to step S366.

  In step S <b> 352, the communication device 156 operating as the second communication circuit 278 receives transaction price data from the transaction apparatus 58. The communication device 156 receives the data under the control of the CPU 140 that operates as the fourth control unit 2740. CPU 140 operating as fourth control unit 2740 stores transaction price data in its own buffer.

  In step S354, CPU 140 operating as generation circuit 274 generates data for trading the second emission right in the market based on the value calculated by total calculation unit 2734. When the data is generated, the CPU 140 operating as the issuing circuit 276 adds data representing the emission right that has obtained the certification of approval to the data. When the data is added, the CPU 140 operating as the fourth control unit 2740 generates a packet for a sell order based on the data. This packet is data that represents the amount of greenhouse gas that can be emitted by purchasing the second emission credit, and that the emission credit generated by the small-scale power generator 50 has been certified. And data representing. The amount of greenhouse gas represented by this packet is equal to the threshold value in step S350. Thus, the amount of greenhouse gas that can be emitted by purchasing the second emission right is equal to or less than the total calculated by CPU 140 operating as total calculation unit 2734 in step S350. When the packet is generated, the communication device 156 operating as the second communication circuit 278 transmits a packet for selling order to the transaction apparatus 58. The communication device 156 transmits the packet under the control of the CPU 140 that operates as the fourth control unit 2740.

  In step S356, communication device 156 operating as second communication circuit 278 receives from transaction device 58 a packet indicating that payment has been completed.

  In step S358, CPU 140 operating as the calculation unit included in fourth control unit 2740 subtracts the fee from the sale amount of the second emission right. The sale amount is represented by the packet received in step S356.

  In step S <b> 360, CPU 140 operating as a calculation unit included in fourth control unit 2740 calculates a payment amount for each owner of management device 180. The amount of payment is proportional to the amount of greenhouse gas reduction due to the power generation by the small-scale power generation device 50. Information representing the greenhouse gas reduction amount is included in the packet transmitted from each management device 180 in step S306.

  In step S362, the communication device 156 operating as the second communication circuit 278 transmits a packet for requesting payment to the payment apparatus 62. The communication device 156 transmits the packet under the control of the CPU 140 that operates as the fourth control unit 2740. “Settlement” in this step means that the amount of money calculated in step S360 is transferred from the account of the owner of the mediating apparatus 182 to the account of the owner of the management apparatus 180.

  In step S364, the communication device 156 operating as the second communication circuit 278 receives a packet indicating that payment has been completed from the payment device 62. When the packet is received, the communication device 156 operating as the first communication circuit 270 transmits a packet indicating that the payment has been completed to each management device 180. The communication device 156 that operates as the first communication circuit 270 transmits the packet in accordance with the control of the CPU 140 that operates as the third control unit 2738.

  In step S366, CPU 140 operating as a determination unit included in first communication circuit 270 determines whether or not to end management. If it is determined that the management is to be ended (YES in step S366), the process ends. If not (NO in step S366), the process proceeds to step S330.

  The operation of the management system based on the above structure and flowchart will be described.

[When the second management device purchases the first emission credit and sells the second emission credit]
The management device 180 updates the value stored in the reduction value storage circuit 116 (step S300). When the value is updated, the sale determination unit 1170 determines whether or not the value stored in the reduction value storage circuit 116 exceeds the first threshold value (step S302). In this case, if the value exceeds the first threshold (YES in step S302), transaction type changing unit 1148 decreases the value stored in reduction value storage circuit 116 (step S304). When the value is decreased, the communication circuit 119 transmits a packet informing the mediating apparatus 182 of the greenhouse gas reduction amount (step S306). When the packet is transmitted, the first communication circuit 270 of the mediation device 182 receives the packet (step S330). Since the plurality of management devices 180 transmit the packet, the first communication circuit 270 receives the plurality of packets. When the packet is received, the determination unit included in the third control unit 2738 determines whether there is a packet for ordering the first emission right (step S332). In this case, if there is no packet for ordering the first emission right (NO in step S332), total calculation unit 2734 calculates the total amount of greenhouse gas reduction stored in the buffer. When the total greenhouse gas reduction amount is calculated, the determination unit included in the total calculation unit 2734 determines whether or not the total greenhouse gas reduction amount exceeds the threshold (step S350). In this case, if the discharge amount exceeds the threshold (YES in step S350), second communication circuit 278 receives transaction price data from transaction device 58 (step S352). When the data is received, the fourth controller 2740 generates a packet for a sell order. When the packet is generated, the second communication circuit 278 transmits a packet for selling order to the transaction apparatus 58 (step S354). Thereafter, second communication circuit 278 receives from transaction device 58 a packet indicating that payment has been completed (step S356). When the packet is received, the calculation unit included in the fourth control unit 2740 subtracts the fee from the sales amount of the second emission right (step S358). When the fee is deducted, the calculation unit included in the fourth control unit 2740 calculates a payment amount for each owner of the management device 180 (step S360). When the payment amount is calculated, the second communication circuit 278 transmits a packet for requesting settlement to the settlement apparatus 62 (step S362). When the packet is transmitted, a packet indicating that the settlement is completed is transmitted from the settlement apparatus 62 after a while. After that, the first communication circuit 270 transmits a packet indicating that the payment has been completed to each management device 180 (step S364).

  When the packet is transmitted, the determination unit included in the first communication circuit 270 determines whether or not to end the management (step S366). In this case, if the management is not terminated (NO in step S366), processing in step S330 and subsequent steps is repeated in mediation apparatus 182.

  The communication circuit 119 of the management device 180 receives a packet indicating that the settlement relating to the first emission right transaction has been completed from the intermediary device 182 (step S308). When the packet is received, the CPU 140 operating as a determination circuit included in the difference calculation unit 1140 determines whether or not to end the management (step S318). In this case, if the management is not terminated (NO in step S318), the processes in and after step S300 are repeated.

[When the second management device purchases the second emission credit and sells the first emission credit]
Through the processing from step S300 to step S302, the purchase determination unit 1172 determines whether or not the value stored in the reduction value storage circuit 116 is lower than the second threshold (step S310). In this case, if it falls below the second threshold (YES in step S310), communication circuit 119 transmits a packet for purchasing the first emission right (step S312).

  On the other hand, the first communication circuit 270 of the mediation device 182 receives a packet from the management device 180 (step S330). After that, through the process of step S332, the calculation unit included in the third control unit 2738 calculates the total amount of greenhouse gases that can be emitted. When the total is calculated, the determination unit included in the third control unit 2738 determines whether or not the total amount of greenhouse gases that can be emitted exceeds a threshold value (step S334). In this case, if the sum exceeds the threshold value (YES in step S334), second communication circuit 278 receives transaction price data from transaction device 58 (step S336). When the data is received, the second communication circuit 278 transmits a packet for a buy order to the transaction device 58 (step S338). When the packet is transmitted, the second communication circuit 278 thereafter receives a packet indicating that the settlement has ended from the transaction device 58 (step S340). When the packet is received, the assigned value calculation unit 2736 calculates the amount of greenhouse gas that can be emitted for each management device 180 that has transmitted the packet to order the first emission right. When the amount of greenhouse gas is calculated, the assigned value calculation unit 2736 calculates the price of the first emission right for each management device 180 that has transmitted a packet to order the first emission right (step S342). When the price is calculated, the second communication circuit 278 transmits a packet for requesting payment to the payment apparatus 62 (step S344). Thereafter, the second communication circuit 278 receives from the payment device 62 a packet indicating that payment has been completed (step S346). When the packet is received, the first communication circuit 270 transmits a packet indicating that the settlement has ended to the management device 180 (step S348).

  When the packet is transmitted, the communication circuit 119 of the management device 180 receives from the intermediary device 182 a packet indicating that the settlement relating to the first emission right transaction has ended (step S314). When the packet is received, transaction type changing unit 1148 increases the value representing the greenhouse gas reduction amount stored in reduction value storage circuit 116 (step S316).

  As described above, the intermediary device according to the present embodiment makes it possible to sell the emission right generated by using the small-scale power generation device in the market. Also, emission credits purchased in the market can be retailed. As a result, it is possible to trade a small amount of emission credits that were previously considered difficult to trade in the market. Since a small amount of emission credits can be traded, the owners of small-scale power generation devices that contribute to the reduction of greenhouse gases can share the benefits of emission credits. Since the profit of the emission right can be shared, the mediating apparatus according to the present embodiment can promote the spread of the small-scale power generation apparatus. As a result, it is possible to provide a management system that can benefit from the reduction of greenhouse gases regardless of the scale of the power generation system.

  As a first modification, communication among the small-scale power generation device 50, the management device 180, and the mediation device 182 may be performed by a telephone line. These devices may constitute the Internet.

  The embodiment disclosed this time should be considered as illustrative in all points and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, rather than the description above, and is intended to include any modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the terms of the claims.

It is a figure showing the structure of the electrical equipment which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a control block diagram of the management apparatus which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a control block diagram of computer hardware. It is a 1st flowchart which shows the procedure of control of the management process of the emission rights which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a 2nd flowchart which shows the procedure of control of the management process of the emission rights which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a 3rd flowchart which shows the procedure of control of the management process of the emission rights which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure showing the structure of the discharge amount management system which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure showing the structure of the management apparatus which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure showing the structure of the mediation apparatus which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the procedure of control of the emission management process in the management apparatus which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a 1st flowchart which shows the procedure of control of the emission transaction processing in the mediation apparatus which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a 2nd flowchart which shows the procedure of control of the emission transaction processing in the mediation apparatus which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure showing the structure of a general small-scale power generator.

Explanation of symbols

  50,64 Small power generator, 52 Commercial power system, 54,180 Management device, 56 Electrical load, 58 Transaction device, 60 Management system, 62 Settlement device, 92 DC power supply, 94 Power conditioner, 96 Power generation meter , 98 Power consumption meter, 100 communication device, 102 electric wire, 110 receiving circuit, 112 data storage circuit, 113, 114, 272 control circuit, 116 reduction value storage circuit, 118, 119 communication circuit, 120 display circuit, 122 reporting circuit , 140 CPU, 142 display, 144 keyboard, 146 speaker, 148 ROM, 150 RAM, 152 card drive device, 154 mouse, 156 communication device, 158 interface, 160 bus, 170 PC card, 182 mediation device, 270 first communication circuit 274 generation circuit, 276 issue circuit, 278 second communication circuit, 1140 difference calculation unit, 1142 power generation type change unit, 1144 communication control unit, 1146 change calculation unit, 1148 transaction type change unit, 1150 tax amount calculation unit, 1152 output control unit 1160 Requirement Judgment Unit 1162 Transaction Control Unit 1170 Sale Judgment Unit 1172 Purchase Judgment Unit 1174 2724 Sale Control Unit 1176 2720 Purchase Control Unit 2722 Calculation Unit 2730 First Control Unit 2732 Second Control Unit , 2734 Total calculation unit, 2736 Allocation value calculation unit, 2738 Third control unit, 2740 Fourth control unit.

Claims (5)

Compared to the method using fossil fuel, the ratio of the amount of greenhouse gas emissions to the amount of energy is less, and the amount of power generated by the power generator and the consumption consumed by the electrical load receiving power from the power generator Receiving means for receiving data on the amount of power;
Storage means for storing a sum of emission corresponding values corresponding to the greenhouse gas emission reduced by generating power by a method having a low ratio of the greenhouse gas emission,
Processing means for processing the data received by the receiving means;
Output means for outputting the sum of the emission corresponding values,
The processing means includes
Corresponding value calculation means for calculating the emission corresponding value for the remaining power amount obtained by subtracting the power consumption amount from the generated power amount;
An emission amount management apparatus comprising: an updating unit for updating a sum of the emission amount corresponding values stored in the storage unit so as to increase or decrease within a range that matches the emission amount corresponding value calculated by the corresponding value calculation unit . The corresponding value calculating means includes
A specific means to identify time,
The emission amount management apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: an arithmetic unit for calculating the emission amount corresponding value using a function corresponding to a period to which the time specified by the specifying unit belongs. Receiving means for receiving data of the emission correspondence value from a plurality of emission management devices that store the emission correspondence value;
The emission-corresponding value corresponds to the greenhouse gas emission reduced by power generation by a method in which the ratio of the greenhouse gas emission to the amount of energy is smaller than the method using fossil fuel,
Storage means for storing a sum of the emission corresponding values indicated by the data received from the plurality of emission management devices;
Communication means for communicating data of the emission correspondence value with a device different from the plurality of emission management devices;
Processing means for processing the emission corresponding value,
The processing means includes
Communication control means for controlling the communication means to communicate data of the emission corresponding value;
The storage means increases so as to match the emission corresponding value indicated by the data received by the receiving means, and increases / decreases by a width matching the emission corresponding value indicated by the data communicated by the communication means. And a updating unit for updating the sum of the emission corresponding values stored in the table. The power generation device that generates power by a method that has a smaller ratio of the amount of greenhouse gas emissions to the amount of energy than the method that uses fossil fuel, and the power generation that has been reduced by the method of generating power by a method that has a lower ratio of greenhouse gas emissions An electrical facility including an emission management device that manages an emission corresponding value corresponding to an amount of greenhouse gas emissions,
The power generator is
A power generation means for generating power by a method having a small ratio of greenhouse gas emissions;
Generated power measuring means for measuring the amount of power generated by the power generating means;
Supply means for supplying at least part of the electric power generated by the power generation means to an electrical load;
Power consumption measuring means for measuring the amount of power consumed by the electrical load;
A transmission device for transmitting data indicating the generated power amount and data indicating the power consumption amount to the emission management device;
The emission management device comprises:
Receiving means for receiving the data of the amount of generated power and the data of the power consumption;
Storage means for storing the sum of the discharge corresponding values;
Processing means for processing the data received by the receiving means;
Output means for outputting the sum of the emission corresponding values,
The processing means includes
Corresponding value calculation means for calculating the emission corresponding value for the remaining power amount obtained by subtracting the power consumption amount from the generated power amount;
And an update unit for updating the sum of the emission amount corresponding values stored in the storage unit so as to increase or decrease within a range that matches the emission amount corresponding value calculated by the corresponding value calculation unit. A plurality of power generation devices that generate power by a method in which the ratio of the amount of greenhouse gas emissions to the amount of energy is smaller than a method using fossil fuel, and the amount of greenhouse gas emissions connected to each of the plurality of power generation devices. A plurality of emission management devices that manage emission corresponding values corresponding to the greenhouse gas emission reduced by the power generation by a method with a low ratio, and the plurality of emission management devices connected to the plurality of emission management devices, An emission management system including an aggregation device for aggregating the emission correspondence values managed by the emission management device of
The power generator is
A power generation means for generating power by a method having a small ratio of greenhouse gas emissions;
Generated power measuring means for measuring the amount of power generated by the power generating means;
Supply means for supplying at least part of the electric power generated by the power generation means to an electrical load;
Power consumption measuring means for measuring the amount of power consumed by the electrical load;
Transmission means for transmitting data indicating the generated power amount and data indicating the power consumption amount to the emission amount management device,
The emission management device comprises:
Receiving means for receiving the data of the amount of generated power and the data of the power consumption;
Storage means for storing the sum of the discharge corresponding values;
Processing means for processing the data received by the receiving means;
Communication means for transmitting data indicating a value smaller than the sum of the emission amount corresponding values to the counting device and receiving the emission corresponding value from the counting device;
The processing means includes
Corresponding value calculation means for calculating the emission corresponding value for the remaining power amount obtained by subtracting the power consumption amount from the generated power amount;
Transmission control means for controlling the communication means to transmit a value smaller than the sum of the emission corresponding values to the counting device;
A width that increases or decreases by a width that matches the emission corresponding value calculated by the corresponding value calculation means, increases by a width that matches the emission corresponding value received by the communication means, and a width that matches the value transmitted by the communication means Updating means for updating the sum of the emission corresponding values stored in the storage means so as to decrease at
The counting device is
Receiving means for receiving data indicating the emission corresponding value from the plurality of emission management devices;
Storage means for storing a sum of the emission corresponding values indicated by the data received from the plurality of emission management devices;
Communication means for communicating data of the emission correspondence value with a device different from the plurality of emission management devices;
Processing means for processing the emission corresponding value,
The processing means includes
Communication control means for controlling the communication means to communicate data of the emission corresponding value;
The storage means increases so as to match the emission corresponding value indicated by the data received by the receiving means, and increases / decreases by a width matching the emission corresponding value indicated by the data communicated by the communication means. And an updating means for updating the sum of the emission corresponding values stored in the emission management system.

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