JP2009058715A - Display device and electronic apparatus using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a display device in which the deterioration of display quality due to crosstalk is suppressed. <P>SOLUTION: The display device includes: a display surface 7 on which a plurality of pairs of pixels, each pair of pixels consisting of a first pixel R having a left edge and right edge parallel to the column direction and displaying a first image, and a second pixel L adjoining the first pixel at a prescribed interval for the first pixel in the row direction, having a left edge and right edge parallel to the column direction and displaying a second image, are arranged so as to continue at least in the row direction; and a light shielding optical element 20 which is provided with an opening part 25 located between the pair of pixels in a plain view, whereby the first image and second image can be respectively displayed at the same time in the different directions via the opening part 25, and the distance between a center line of the prescribed interval and a center line of the opening part 25 has the same value with respect to the opening part 25 adjoining each other in the row direction and has different value from each other with respect to the opening part 25 adjoining each other in the direction other than the row direction. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a display device and an electronic apparatus using the display device.

  Generally, the display device displays the same image (for all members) even when there are a plurality of observers. However, in recent years, it has been required to display different images in a directional manner for a plurality of observers positioned at intervals (for example, a vehicle driver and a passenger seat). As a method for displaying such two images, a method using a parallax barrier is known.

  The parallax barrier means a fine slit in the vertical direction. For example, after forming a light shielding layer on a transparent substrate, a part of the light shielding layer can be selectively removed to form an opening. Between the first region (first pixel) that displays one image and the second region (second pixel) that displays the other image that are arranged adjacent to each other, the opening is By disposing the parallax barrier so as to be positioned, one of the one image and the other image can be directionally displayed to a plurality of observers positioned at intervals on the left and right sides (see Patent Document 1).

JP 2007-140536 A

  However, according to the above-described method, when light emitted from any region (pixel) passes through the opening, a diffraction phenomenon occurs at the edge of the opening. Is not blocked, and crosstalk (crosstalk phenomenon) appears in the other image. And since this phenomenon is determined by the angle at which the light hits the edge portion, there is a problem in that a good image cannot be displayed for an observer positioned at a specific angle with respect to the image display surface. is there.

  SUMMARY An advantage of some aspects of the invention is to solve at least a part of the problems described above, and the invention can be implemented as the following forms or application examples.

  [Application Example 1] A display surface in which first pixels for displaying a first image and second pixels for displaying a second image are alternately arranged in the row direction, and the above in a plan view A light-shielding optical element having an opening located between the first pixel and the second pixel, and the first image and the second image are respectively passed through the opening. A display device capable of simultaneously displaying images in different directions, wherein at least a part of the opening has a shape of a region where the opening overlaps the first pixel and the opening is the second pixel in plan view The display device is characterized in that at least one of the shapes of the overlapping regions is different between the adjacent openings.

  According to such a configuration, since the angle at which the light emitted from the pixel hits the edge portion of the opening is prevented from being the same in the display surface, a display in which extremely strong crosstalk occurs. There is no angle. Therefore, the display angle dependency of display quality can be suppressed, and a substantially uniform image can be displayed to an observer located in a wide angle range. The “different direction” described above refers to the left-right direction as viewed from the observer, that is, the row direction.

  Application Example 2 A display surface in which first pixels that display a first image and second pixels that display a second image are alternately arranged in the row direction, and the above in a plan view A light-shielding optical element having an opening located between the first pixel and the second pixel, and the first image and the second image are passed through the opening. Each of the display devices can simultaneously display in different directions, and the planar shape of the first pixel, the second pixel, and the opening is a shape having a left side and a right side parallel to the column direction of the display surface. And at least part of the opening is at least one of a distance between the right side of the opening and the left side of the second pixel and a distance between the left side of the opening and the right side of the first pixel in a plan view. Is different between the adjacent openings.

  According to this configuration, it is possible to avoid the above-described angles from being the same in the display surface only by changing the formation position of the opening in the optical element in the row direction. Accordingly, crosstalk can be suppressed and display quality can be improved without complicating the shapes of the pixels and the openings.

  Application Example 3 A first pixel having a left side and a right side parallel to the column direction and displaying a first image, and a left side parallel to the column direction adjacent to the first pixel at a predetermined interval in the row direction And a second pixel that has a right side and displays a second image, and a display surface that is arranged so that at least a row of pixels is continuous in the row direction, and is positioned between the pair of pixels in plan view A display device capable of simultaneously displaying the first image and the second image in different directions through the opening, wherein the light-shielding optical element includes an opening. The distance in plan view between the center line of the predetermined interval and the center line of the opening is the same between the openings adjacent in the row direction, and between the openings adjacent in the direction excluding the row direction. A display device characterized by being different from each other.

According to such a configuration, the angle at which the light emitted from the pixels hits the edge portion of the opening can be made random between the openings adjacent in the column direction. Therefore, in a display device that updates image information in the row direction, crosstalk between a group of pixels that are updated simultaneously can be prevented from being concentrated on the same display angle, and display quality can be improved.
The center line of the interval is an intermediate line between the right side of the first pixel and the left side of the second pixel, and the center line of the opening is an intermediate point between the left side and the right side of the opening. Is a line. In addition, the fact that the opening is located between a pair of pixels means that the center line of the opening is located between the center lines of both the pixels in plan view.

  Application Example 4 In the display device described above, the planar shape of the first pixel, the second pixel, and the opening is a rectangle.

  According to such a configuration, the area of the display surface can be used effectively. Therefore, display quality such as luminance can be improved.

  Application Example 5 In the display device described above, the first pixel and the second pixel have a pair of substrates by a voltage applied between a pixel electrode controlled by a switching element and a common electrode. A display device, wherein the liquid crystal element forms an image by controlling the alignment of liquid crystal sealed therebetween.

  Since the liquid crystal element is easy to control, according to such a configuration, a display device with further improved display quality can be obtained.

  Application Example 6 An electronic apparatus including the above-described display device.

  According to such a configuration, it is possible to obtain an electronic device with improved display quality in which crosstalk is suppressed.

  Hereinafter, as an embodiment of the present invention, pixels including TFTs (thin film transistors) as switching elements and pixel electrodes are regularly arranged on an element substrate, and are sandwiched between the element substrate and the counter substrate. An example of a transmissive liquid crystal display device that forms an image by controlling the orientation of the liquid crystal for each pixel will be described with reference to the drawings.

The liquid crystal display device according to the present embodiment is characterized in that the crosstalk is suppressed by devising the relative positional relationship between the pixel and the opening. Therefore, before describing each embodiment, an outline of a liquid crystal display device and crosstalk will be described.
In the drawings shown below, the dimensions and ratios of the components are appropriately different from the actual ones in order to make the components large enough to be recognized on the drawings.

  1-3 is a figure which shows the outline | summary of the liquid crystal display device concerning this embodiment. The liquid crystal display device of this embodiment is an active matrix transmissive color liquid crystal display that employs a horizontal electric field method in which an electric field in the substrate surface direction (horizontal direction) is applied to the liquid crystal to control the alignment direction of liquid crystal molecules. Device. An image can be formed in the display region by controlling the application amount of the electric field for each pixel and continuously changing the transmittance of light emitted from the backlight (see FIG. 3). Each pixel has a red color filter (color filter that absorbs light other than red light), a green color filter (color filter that absorbs light other than green light), and a blue color filter (absorbs light other than blue light) Color display), and color display is possible by controlling the output of each pixel.

  In addition, according to the lateral electric field method, liquid crystal molecules are always driven in a parallel state with respect to the substrate, so that a wide viewing range (described later) can be obtained. Therefore, it is suitable for a liquid crystal display device according to each embodiment described below that displays two images simultaneously in different directions through one opening.

  FIG. 1 is an equivalent circuit diagram of an active matrix type liquid crystal display device according to the present embodiment. In the display area 100, pixels each including a pixel electrode 104 and a TFT 110 for switching control of the pixel electrode are arranged in a matrix. The common electrode 106 is electrically connected to a common line 116 extending from the scanning line driving circuit 102.

  A data line 114 extending from the data line driving circuit 101 is electrically connected to the source electrode 122 (see FIG. 2) of the TFT 110. The data line driving circuit 101 supplies the image signals S1, S2,..., Sn to each pixel via the data line 114. A part of the scanning line 112 extending from the scanning line driving circuit 102 also serves as a gate electrode of the TFT 110, and the scanning signals G1, G2,..., Gm supplied from the scanning line driving circuit 102 are line-sequentially. To apply to the gate electrode of the TFT 110.

  The pixel electrode 104 is electrically connected to the drain electrode 123 (see FIG. 2) of the TFT 110. When the TFT 110 serving as a switching element is turned on for a certain period by a scanning signal, an image signal supplied from the data line 114 is written to the pixel electrode 104 at a predetermined timing, and the liquid crystal layer 9 ( (See FIG. 3).

  FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of pixels regularly arranged in the display region 100 of the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment. The pixel includes a flat common electrode 106, a ladder-like pixel electrode 104 that overlaps the common electrode and has a plurality of slits, a scanning line 112 and a data line 114 that are formed so as to surround the two overlapping electrodes. , Common line 116, TFT 110 and the like. The common electrode 106 is formed of a transparent conductive material in the same layer as the common line 116, and one electrode of all the pixels in the display region 100 has a common potential.

  The TFT 110 is formed in the vicinity of the intersection of the scanning line 112 and the data line 114, and the island-shaped semiconductor layer 124 stacked via the scanning line 112 also serving as a gate electrode and the gate insulating film 41 (see FIG. 3). And a source electrode 122 and a drain electrode 123 formed so as to partially overlap both sides of the semiconductor layer. As described above, the data line 114 and the pixel electrode 104 are electrically connected.

  The pixel electrode 104 and the common electrode 106 are made of a transparent conductive material such as ITO (indium oxide / tin alloy), and light emitted from a backlight unit 90 to be described later is displayed on a liquid crystal display via a color filter layer 70 (see FIG. 3). Can irradiate outside the device. The liquid crystal is driven (twisted) by generating an electric field in the substrate surface direction (horizontal direction) between the ladder-like portion of the pixel electrode 104 and the common electrode 106.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment, based on a cross section taken along line A-A ′ of the pixel shown in FIG. 2. This figure schematically shows the liquid crystal panel 8 constituting the liquid crystal display device, the parallax barrier 20 as an optical element, and the backlight unit 90, and the positional relationship between the opening 25 and the color filter 71 is actually shown. Is different. A specific positional relationship will be described in FIG.

The liquid crystal panel 8 includes an element substrate 10 and a counter substrate 11 which are bonded to each other via a frame-shaped sealant (not shown), a liquid crystal layer 9 sandwiched between the pair of substrates, and the like. The pixels are regularly arranged inside.
The element substrate 10 is formed with components such as the pixel electrode 104 shown in FIG. 2 and is irradiated from the backlight unit 90 by controlling the orientation of the liquid crystal layer (liquid crystal molecules constituting the liquid crystal layer) 9. The amount of transmitted light can be continuously changed.
A color filter layer 70 is formed on the counter substrate 11, and white light emitted from the backlight unit 90 is emphasized in any of red, green, and blue, and the back surface (color The light is emitted from the surface on which the filter layer 70 is not formed. The back surface is the display surface 7, that is, the surface from which light constituting the image is emitted.

  On the surface of the element substrate 10 on the liquid crystal layer 9 side, components from the first layer to the third layer are laminated. In addition, in order to prevent the constituent elements between these layers from being short-circuited, a gate insulating film 41 is provided between the first layer and the second layer, and an interlayer insulating film 42 is provided between the second layer and the third layer. Are formed.

  A gate electrode 113 and a common electrode 106 of the TFT 110 are formed on the first layer provided on the surface of the element substrate 10. The common electrode 106 is in the same layer as the common line 116 as described above, and is formed of a transparent conductive material such as ITO (indium oxide / tin alloy). Part of the scanning line 112 plays a role in the gate electrode 113.

A gate insulating film 41 made of SiO ₂ or SiN or the like is stacked on the first layer, and a source electrode 122, a drain electrode 123, and a semiconductor layer 124 are formed on the upper layer as a second layer. . The gate electrode 113, the source electrode 122, the drain electrode 123, the semiconductor layer 124, and the gate insulating film 41 constitute the TFT 110.

The pixel electrode 104 having a ladder-like portion as the third layer is overlapped with the common electrode 106 with the interlayer insulating film 42 made of a transparent insulating material such as SiO ₂ sandwiched therebetween on the second layer. Is formed. The pixel electrode 104 is made of ITO similarly to the common electrode 106 and is connected to the drain electrode 123 of the TFT 110 through a contact hole 125 formed through the interlayer insulating film 42.

  When a driving voltage is applied between the common electrode 106 and the pixel electrode 104, an electric field is generated from the pixel electrode 104 toward the common electrode 106. At this time, an electric field substantially parallel to the element substrate 10, that is, a lateral electric field is generated in the liquid crystal layer 9. The liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 9 change the alignment direction in a plane parallel to the element substrate 10 in accordance with the lateral electric field. As a result, the relative angle between the transmission axis of the first polarizing plate 61 and the transmission axis of the second polarizing plate 62 changes, and display is performed based on the polarization conversion function corresponding to the relative angle. The display method using such a lateral electric field provides a wide viewing range because the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 9 are always driven in a state parallel to the element substrate 10. The liquid crystal display device as a display device according to the present embodiment is a so-called two-screen display device, and is observed by a plurality of observers positioned at intervals in the left-right direction, and therefore needs to have a wide appropriate viewing range. . Therefore, such a driving method is preferable.

A first alignment film 63 made of polyimide is laminated on the upper layer of the pixel electrode 104, and together with a second alignment film 64 described later, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 9 when no voltage is applied. Is stipulated.
Further, the second polarizing plate 62 is attached to the surface of the element substrate 10 opposite to the liquid crystal layer 9 side, and the surface of the barrier substrate 21 on which the light shielding layer 23 is not formed, A first polarizing plate 61 is attached. The transmission axes of both polarizing plates are set to be orthogonal to each other, enabling dark display.

  A color filter layer 70 including a color filter 71 and a black matrix 72 is formed on the surface of the counter substrate 11 on the liquid crystal layer 9 side. The color filter 71 is a resin layer that absorbs light having a specific wavelength among incident light, and the color filter 71 can convert white light into three primary color lights (that is, red light, green light, and blue light). . Therefore, the other components can make a common pixel a pixel that emits light of any one of the three colors only by selecting the color filter 71. The black matrix 72 is a black resin layer having a light shielding property formed between adjacent pixels, and suppresses color mixture between pixels.

  A second alignment film 64 made of polyimide is formed on the color filter layer 70 (on the liquid crystal layer 9 side). An overcoat made of a light-transmitting resin may be laminated between the color filter layer 70 and the second alignment film 64. As described above, the back surface of the counter substrate 11 is the display surface 7. Therefore, the display surface 7 is composed of a grid-like black matrix 72 area arranged via the counter substrate 11 and a color filter 71 area surrounded by the black matrix.

  The backlight unit 90 emits light emitted from the fluorescent tube 93 perpendicularly to both the substrates by the light guide plate 91 and the reflection plate 92. Then, the light is emitted to the outside of the liquid crystal display device through the liquid crystal layer 9 and the color filter layer 70 to form an image.

  The parallax barrier 20 is formed by selectively removing a barrier substrate 21 made of a light-transmitting material such as glass, a light shielding layer 23 laminated on the barrier substrate, and a partial region of the light shielding layer. And an opening 25. The adhesive material layer 22 having translucency is attached to the back surface of the counter substrate 11, that is, the display surface 7. Therefore, the opening 25 can transmit light emitted from the display surface 7 and display an image to an observer positioned on a line connecting the opening and the pixel. The mode of the image depends on how the opening 25 and the pixel overlap in a plan view. This will be described later with reference to FIGS.

  In each embodiment described below, a “pixel” is an individual region in which light irradiated from a backlight can be transmitted while controlling transmittance, that is, a color filter 71 is formed. Indicates the area. The region substantially coincides with the planar shape of the common electrode 106. Therefore, the region where the scanning line 112, the data line 114, or the like is formed is not a pixel, and each pixel is arranged with a constant interval in both the row direction (vertical direction) and the column direction (horizontal direction).

  FIG. 4A is a schematic plan view showing the arrangement of pixels on the display surface 7 of the liquid crystal panel. A rectangular frame labeled with a symbol such as Rr is a pixel, and is a region where a color filter 71 (see FIG. 3) is formed. A black matrix 72 (see FIG. 3) is formed in a lattice-like region separating each pixel, and is a region where light is not emitted. The pixels are arranged at equal intervals in both the row direction and the column direction, and the width of the lattice-shaped region is also constant within the display surface 7.

  FIG. 4B is a schematic plan view of the parallax barrier 20. A transparent region obtained by patterning the light shielding layer 23 formed on the barrier substrate 21 (see FIG. 3) is the opening 25. And the parallax barrier 20 is overlaid on the display surface 7 so that both centerlines may correspond. As a result, a combination in which the opening 25 is positioned between a pair of adjacent pixels in the row direction, that is, a combination including two pixels and one opening 25 is formed.

  In FIG. 4 (a), each pixel is provided with a code consisting of an uppercase alphabet and a lowercase alphabet. The upper case alphabet represents the type of pixel and the type of image to be displayed. A pixel denoted by R is a first pixel, and a first image is displayed to the first observer RT (see FIG. 5) located on the right side of the front surface of the liquid crystal display device through the opening 25. indicate. The pixel labeled L is the second pixel, and the second observer LT (see FIG. 5) located on the left side of the front surface of the liquid crystal display device receives the second pixel through the opening 25. Display an image.

The lower case alphabet represents the color of the color filter 71 of the pixel, that is, the color of the image to be displayed. r is red, g is green, and b is blue. With these three primary colors, a color image can be displayed to both observers located in the left-right direction in front of the liquid crystal display device.
Note that the fact that there is one opening 25 for each pair of pixels is common to the embodiments described below, but the arrangement of the pixels on the display surface 7 is limited to the mode shown in FIG. It is not something.

  FIG. 5A is a diagram showing an appropriate viewing range, and FIG. 5B is a diagram showing crosstalk. 5 to 10 shown below, the counter substrate 11 is not shown, and the boundary between the counter substrate and the color filter 71 (or the black matrix 72) is shown as the display surface 7 together with the second alignment film 64. To do.

  As shown in FIG. 5A, the liquid crystal display device according to the present embodiment can display an image to two observers positioned at an angle from the front direction (direction perpendicular to the display surface 7). In this figure, the first image is displayed from the first pixel R to the first observer RT, and the second image is displayed from the second pixel L to the second observer LT. Both observers (observer's viewpoints) can move, and an image that can be visually recognized, that is, an image to be displayed changes with the movement. If the predetermined range is exceeded, an image (pixel) other than the target image (pixel) is displayed. Here, a range of angles at which the target pixel is displayed is defined as a display angle range. In the display angle range, the target pixel (first pixel R in the first observer RT), the non-target pixel (second pixel L in the first observer RT), and the black matrix 72 3 The element is displayed. In addition, two elements of the target pixel and the black matrix 72 are displayed, and an angle range in which the non-target pixel is not displayed is set as an appropriate viewing range. In the figure, VR1 is the display angle range for the first observer RT, VR2 is the appropriate viewing range for the first observer RT, VL1 is the display angle range for the second observer LT, and VL2 is the second This is an appropriate viewing range for the observer LT. For the purpose of the apparatus, it is preferable that the viewing range is as wide (large) as possible.

  The appropriate viewing range is determined by the positional relationship between the pixel and the opening 25, the shape of the pixel and the opening 25 (planar shape), and the like. Specifically, when the planar shape of the pixel and the opening 25 is a rectangle, both are determined by the width (the length in the row direction). Assuming that the line connecting the edge portion of the light shielding layer 23 and the viewpoint of the observer is the display angle, in FIG. 5A, the range defined by the first display angle V11 and the second display angle V12 is the first. The viewing range is suitable for one observer RT, and viewing the second pixel L on the drawing is avoided. However, actually, an unintended image is also visually recognized due to crosstalk even within the appropriate viewing range, and the display quality can be deteriorated.

As shown in FIG. 5B, when the image displayed by the second pixel L, that is, the light emitted from the second pixel L hits the edge portion of the light shielding layer 23, the traveling direction is changed by diffraction at the edge portion. It changes, and a part is mixed in the suitable viewing range VR2 as the diffracted light V13. Assuming that the angle formed by the diffracted light V13 and the normal line of the display surface 7 is the diffraction angle V, the diffraction angle V is uniquely determined by the angle at which the light hits the edge portion. Therefore, when the relative position of the edge portion and the pixel (in this case, the second pixel L) is the same over the entire display area 100, the diffraction angle V is substantially the same throughout the display area 100, and the above-described mixing occurs at a specific display angle. concentrate. As a result, a display angle that cannot function as a display device is produced within an angle range that is originally considered as an appropriate viewing range (when the diffraction phenomenon is not considered). In each embodiment described below, the existence of a specific display angle that degrades display quality by dispersing the angle at which the diffracted light V13 is mixed is avoided.
(First embodiment)

  FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically illustrating the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment. In the liquid crystal display device according to this embodiment, like the liquid crystal display device shown in FIG. 4A, the shape of the pixels and the opening 25 is rectangular, and the pixels are in the row direction (left-right direction) and the column direction (up-down direction). Both are arranged at equal intervals. And the arrangement | positioning aspect of the opening part 25 differs. Specifically, as illustrated in FIG. 6A, the opening 25 is formed in the first portion without matching the intermediate line between the first pixel R and the second pixel L and the center line of the opening 25. The pixel R is moved in the row direction so as to be closer to either the second pixel L or the second pixel L. Therefore, the relative position between the edge portion of the opening 25 and the pixel in the plan view, that is, the distance between the edge portion and the outer peripheral line of the pixel has the same value every other column, and the entire display area 100 (see FIG. 1). It will have two values. As a result, as shown in FIGS. 6B and 6C, the diffraction angle V also has two values.

  FIG. 6B is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A ′ of FIG. 6A, and shows a diffraction angle when the opening 25 is disposed near the first pixel R. Since the distance between the light shielding layer 23 and the display surface 7 remains the same, and the opening 25 is close to the first pixel R, the angle at which the light emitted from the second pixel L hits the edge portion However, this is smaller than the case where the center line of the first pixel R and the second pixel L and the center line of the opening 25 are made to coincide as shown in FIG. As a result, the diffraction angle Va is smaller than the diffraction angle V shown in FIG. 5B when the center line of the first pixel R and the second pixel L and the center line of the opening 25 are made to coincide. It has become.

FIG. 6C is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line BB ′ of FIG. 6A, and shows a diffraction angle when the opening 25 is disposed closer to the second pixel L. is there. Since the opening 25 is close to the second pixel L up to the same film thickness as the distance between the light shielding layer 23 and the display surface 7, the angle when the light emitted from the second pixel L hits the edge portion is The center line of the first pixel R and the second pixel L and the center line of the opening 25 shown in FIG. As a result, the diffraction angle Vb is larger than the diffraction angle V described above.
Therefore, the liquid crystal display device according to the present embodiment can avoid that the diffraction angle V has two values and the mixing of diffracted light concentrates on a specific display angle. Therefore, the maximum value of crosstalk can be reduced and display quality can be improved.
(Second Embodiment)

  FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically illustrating a liquid crystal display device according to the second embodiment. In the liquid crystal display device according to the present embodiment, the shape of the pixel and the opening 25 and the arrangement of the pixel on the display surface 7 are the same as those of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment. Only is different.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7A, the openings 25 are arranged at different positions in the row direction (left-right direction) in the first row, the second row, and the third row on the illustrated range. ing. Therefore, the relative position between the edge portion of the opening 25 and the pixel in plan view, that is, the distance between the edge portion and the outer peripheral line of the pixel has three values over the entire display region 100 (see FIG. 1). The diffraction angle also has three values.

  FIG. 7B is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line CC ′ of FIG. 7A, and the opening 25 is arranged at a position closer to the first pixel R as in the first row of the first embodiment. It shows the diffraction angle Vc in the case where Similar to the diffraction angle Va in the first embodiment, it is smaller than the case where the center line of the first pixel R and the second pixel L is aligned with the center line of the opening 25.

  FIG. 7C is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line DD ′ of FIG. 7A, and the center line of the opening 25 matches the center line of the first pixel R and the second pixel L. The diffraction angle Vd is shown. The diffraction angle Vd is the same as the value in FIG.

FIG. 7D is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line EE ′ of FIG. 7A, and the opening 25 is located near the second pixel L as in the second row of the first embodiment. The diffraction angle Ve in the case of being arranged is shown. Similar to the diffraction angle Vb in the first embodiment, it is larger than the case where the center line of the first pixel R and the second pixel L coincides with the center line of the opening 25. Therefore, as described above, in the liquid crystal display device according to the present embodiment, the diffraction angle V has three values, and the mixing of diffracted light can be further avoided from concentrating on a specific display angle. As a result, the maximum value of crosstalk can be reduced, and the display quality can be further improved.
(Third embodiment)

  FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically illustrating a liquid crystal display device according to the third embodiment. The liquid crystal display device according to this embodiment is common to the first and second embodiments in that the shape of the pixel and the opening 25 is the same over the entire display region 100 (see FIG. 1). The arrangement of the pixels and the openings 25 is different from those of the first and second embodiments.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 8A, the first pixel R and the second pixel L are adjacent to each other in both the row direction (left-right direction) and the column direction (up-down direction). Has been placed. Therefore, the first pixel R is sandwiched between the second pixels L in the column direction and the row direction, and similarly, the second pixel L is sandwiched between the first pixels R in the row direction and the column direction. Accordingly, there are two pixel arrangements, and the same arrangement is repeated every other row. In addition, the opening 25 is arranged so that the center line is located in one of the row directions of the center lines of the first pixel R and the second pixel L. Accordingly, there are two arrangements of the openings 25, and the same arrangement is repeated every other row. As a result, the liquid crystal display device according to the present embodiment repeats the arrangement pattern of the four types of pixels and the openings 25 in the column direction of the display region 100.

  As described above, the diffraction angle of the light emitted from the pixel is substantially uniquely determined by the distance between the outer peripheral line of the pixel and the edge portion of the opening 25 in plan view. On the other hand, if the angle connecting the observer's viewpoint and the pixel, that is, the display angle is different, mixing of unintended images can be alleviated even if the diffraction angles are the same.

FIG. 8B and FIG. 8C show diffraction angles in the present embodiment.
FIG. 8B shows a cross section taken along line FF ′ and GG ′ of FIG. 8A with the position of the opening 25 aligned. Similar to the cross section taken along the line AA ′ of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 6B, the position of the opening 25 is closer to the first pixel R, so that the diffraction angle Vf is as shown in FIG. The diffraction angle V shown in FIG.

  FIG. 8C shows a cross section taken along line H-H ′ and line I-I ′ in FIG. 8A with the position of the opening 25 aligned. Similar to the cross section taken along the line BB ′ of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 6C, the position of the opening 25 is closer to the second pixel L, so that the diffraction angle Vg is as shown in FIG. The diffraction angle V shown in FIG.

Therefore, the liquid crystal display device according to the present embodiment can avoid that the diffraction angle V has two values and the mixing of diffracted light concentrates on a specific display angle. Furthermore, since the same pixels are not arranged in the column direction, and every other first pixel R and second pixel L are arranged, two adjacent rows, that is, the first row in FIG. Between the first and second lines, and between the third and fourth lines, the light emission direction, that is, the display angle with respect to the same viewpoint is slightly different. Therefore, the angle at which crosstalk is maximized can be dispersed between two adjacent rows having the same diffraction angle. As a result, the maximum value of crosstalk can be further reduced, and the display quality can be further improved.
(Modification 1)

FIG. 9 schematically shows a liquid crystal display device according to the first modification. The liquid crystal display device according to this modification is characterized in that the arrangement of pixels in the column direction is not arranged linearly at intervals, but arranged so as to meander. Since the position of the outer peripheral line between the rows is changed on the pixel side, the opening 25 can be arranged linearly in both the column direction and the row direction, and the crosstalk peak value can be suppressed.
(Modification 2)

FIG. 10 schematically shows a liquid crystal display device according to the second modification. The liquid crystal display device according to this modification is characterized in that the openings 25 are not formed in a patch shape but are formed in a stripe shape continuous in the column direction. Even when the observer's viewpoint moves in the column direction, the same type of pixels adjacent in the column direction can be visually recognized, so that a decrease in luminance can be suppressed.
(Modification 3)

In the first to third embodiments and the modified examples, the first pixel R and the second pixel L have the same shape, and there is no difference in shape due to the color of the emitted light in both pixels. The device was described. However, the liquid crystal display device according to the present embodiment is not limited to such an aspect. A difference in the shape of the pixel may be provided between the first pixel R and the second pixel L, or a difference in the shape may be provided depending on the color of the emitted light. This is effective when there is a difference in use frequency between the first observer RT and the second observer LT, or when there is a difference in the lifetime of the pixels due to the emitted light.
(Electronics)

  Next, a specific example of an electronic apparatus to which this embodiment is applied will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a vehicle-mounted monitor using the display device according to the above-described embodiment. 11A is a front view, FIG. 11B is a perspective view seen from the right side, and FIG. 11C is a perspective view seen from the left side.

  As shown in FIG. 11A, the vehicle-mounted monitor 1101 includes a display device 1102 according to the present embodiment and a plurality of operation buttons 1103. The first image is in the right direction and the second image is in the left direction. Each direction is displayed simultaneously. As shown in FIG. 11B, crosstalk is suppressed in the first image 1104 when viewed from the right direction, and the second image 1105 is viewed in the left direction as shown in FIG. 11C. It can be seen in the state.

FIG. 6 is an equivalent circuit diagram of an active matrix liquid crystal display device. FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of pixels regularly arranged in a display area of a liquid crystal display device. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device. (A) is a schematic top view which shows the aspect of arrangement | positioning of the pixel on a display area, (b) is a schematic top view of a parallax barrier. (A) is a figure which shows a suitable viewing range, FIG.5 (b) is a figure which shows crosstalk. The figure which shows typically the liquid crystal display device concerning 1st Embodiment. The figure which shows typically the liquid crystal display device concerning 2nd Embodiment. The figure which shows typically the liquid crystal display device concerning 3rd Embodiment. The figure which shows typically the liquid crystal display device concerning the modification 1. FIG. The figure which shows typically the liquid crystal display device concerning the modification 2. FIG. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a specific example of an electronic apparatus to which the embodiment is applied.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 7 ... Display surface, 8 ... Liquid crystal panel, 9 ... Liquid crystal layer, 10 ... Element substrate, 11 ... Opposite substrate, 20 ... Parallax barrier as an optical element, 21 ... Barrier substrate, 22 ... Adhesive material layer, 23 ... Light shielding layer , 25 ... opening, 41 ... gate insulating film, 42 ... interlayer insulating film, 61 ... first polarizing plate, 62 ... second polarizing plate, 63 ... first alignment film, 64 ... second alignment film, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 70 ... Color filter layer, 71 ... Color filter, 72 ... Black matrix, 90 ... Back light unit, 91 ... Light guide plate, 92 ... Reflecting plate, 93 ... Fluorescent tube, 100 ... Display area, 101 ... Data line drive circuit, 102 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS ... Scanning line drive circuit, 104 ... Pixel electrode, 106 ... Common electrode, 110 ... TFT, 112 ... Scanning line, 113 ... Gate electrode, 114 ... Data line, 116 ... Common line, 122 ... Source electrode, 123 ... Drain electricity , 124 ... Semiconductor layer, 1101 ... In-vehicle monitor, 1102 ... Display device, 1103 ... Operation button, 1104 ... First image, 1105 ... Second image, L ... Second pixel, R ... First pixel, V ... Diffraction angle, LT ... Second observer, RT ... First observer, VL1 ... Display angle range for the second observer, VL2 ... Appropriate viewing range for the second observer, VR1 ... First Display angle range for the observer, VR2... Suitable viewing range for the first observer.

Claims (6)

A display surface in which first pixels that display a first image and second pixels that display a second image are alternately adjacent to each other in a row direction; and A light-shielding optical element having an opening located between the second pixel, and simultaneously displaying the first image and the second image in different directions through the opening. A possible display device,
At least a part of the opening is in plan view, and at least one of the shape of the region where the opening overlaps with the first pixel and the shape of the region where the opening overlaps with the second pixel are adjacent to each other. A display device having different openings. A display surface in which first pixels that display a first image and second pixels that display a second image are alternately adjacent to each other in a row direction; and A light-shielding optical element having an opening positioned between the second pixel and the first image and the second image simultaneously in different directions through the opening. A display device capable of displaying;
The planar shape of the first pixel, the second pixel, and the opening is a shape having a left side and a right side parallel to the column direction of the display surface,
At least one part of the opening is a plan view, and at least one of the interval between the right side of the opening and the left side of the second pixel and the interval between the left side of the opening and the right side of the first pixel is A display device, which is different between adjacent openings. A first pixel having a left side and a right side parallel to the column direction and displaying a first image; and a left side and a right side parallel to the column direction adjacent to the first pixel at a predetermined interval in the row direction. A display surface including a second pixel that displays a second image and a pair of pixels arranged at least in a row direction, and an opening positioned between the pair of pixels in a plan view. A light-shielding optical element, and capable of simultaneously displaying the first image and the second image in different directions through the opening,
The distance in plan view between the center line of the predetermined interval and the center line of the opening is the same between the openings adjacent in the row direction, and between the openings adjacent in the direction excluding the row direction. A display device characterized by being different from each other.   4. The display device according to claim 1, wherein a planar shape of the first pixel, the second pixel, and the opening is a rectangle. 5.   5. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the first pixel and the second pixel are applied between a pixel electrode controlled by a switching element and a common electrode. A display device which is a liquid crystal element which forms an image by controlling the orientation of liquid crystal sealed between a pair of substrates by voltage.   An electronic apparatus comprising the display device according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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