JP2009052234A - Construction ground constructing method and construction ground - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a construction ground constructing method in which a recessed area for construction is made shallower than ever before, and to provide construction ground. <P>SOLUTION: The construction ground 1 constructing method has: a step of excavating the ground G and forming the recessed area 2 for construction; a step of forming a substrate layer 3 by uniformly laying substrate materials in the recessed area 2 for construction; a step of arranging a grid member 4 which is obtained by intersecting fibrous members each other like a grid and hardening the same with a resin, immediately on the substrate layer 3; and a step of forming a surface layer 5 by uniformly laying a mixture obtained by mixing a surface layer base material and a hardener for hardening the surface layer base material, to each other, immediately on the grid member 4. The thickness of the construction ground 1 thus formed can be made drastically thinner than conventional construction ground by virtue of arrangement of the grid member 4, and therefore labor and costs to form the construction ground can be drastically reduced. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a construction method and a construction ground. Especially this invention relates to the construction method and construction ground of the construction ground in the outdoors, such as a parking lot and a front door.

  Conventionally, a floor of a parking lot or the like is formed of concrete. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a concrete floor slab for a multilevel parking lot having two or more floors. Specifically, a precast concrete plate that also serves as a formwork is laid on a support made of cross beams such as steel, and reinforcing members such as reinforcing bars are placed on the concrete plate, and cement, aggregate, water A concrete floor slab is formed by placing a concrete kneaded material such as kneaded. Here, the reinforcing member is disposed in a state of being embedded in the concrete and reinforces the concrete floor slab.

  On the other hand, a construction method similar to that of Patent Document 1 is applied to the ground made of concrete or the like (hereinafter referred to as construction ground) in a blue sky parking lot or a general household entrance. A specific construction method will be described. First, a ground is excavated to form a construction recess, and a ground material such as crushed stone or gravel is spread on the bottom of the construction recess to form a foundation layer. Next, a reinforcing member such as a reinforcing bar is placed on the foundation layer, and a concrete kneaded material is cast to form a concrete layer (surface layer), thereby completing the construction ground. Also in this case, the reinforcing member is arranged in a state embedded in the concrete and reinforces the construction ground.

JP-A-8-239930

  By the way, even if the reinforcing material is embedded in the concrete layer constituting the construction ground, if the concrete layer itself is thin, damage such as cracks or cracks may occur in the concrete layer due to the load. Therefore, in the conventional concrete construction ground, it was necessary to dig deeper into the construction recesses and increase the thickness of the concrete layer to be placed in the construction recesses. For example, when showing an example when forming the construction ground of a parking lot, an approximately 20-25 cm construction recess is formed, an approximately 10-15 cm underlayer is formed on the construction recess, and further about 10 cm above it. A concrete layer is formed. However, the conventional construction method for forming deep construction recesses has the following problems.

[1] Forming deep construction recesses is cumbersome and labor intensive. Moreover, the earth and sand dug up becomes industrial waste, and the cost of discarding according to the amount of earth and sand increases.
[2] Since the amount of concrete poured into the construction recess is large, it is necessary to call a mixer truck, which incurs costs depending on the amount of concrete or a mixer truck.
[3] Since the concrete layer is thick, it takes time to cure the concrete, so the construction period becomes longer, resulting in higher construction costs.

  This invention is made | formed in view of said situation, and the one of the objective is to provide the construction method of the construction ground which can make a construction recessed part shallow. Another object of the present invention is to provide a construction ground having a predetermined strength even if the construction recess is shallow.

  As a result of various investigations on the above problems, the present inventor has arranged a grid material in which a plurality of fiber members are crossed in a lattice shape and hardened with a resin on the lower surface of the concrete layer, whereby the thickness of the concrete layer is reduced. The knowledge that sufficient strength can be secured even when thin is obtained. Based on this finding, the present invention is defined.

The construction ground construction method of the present invention is characterized by having the following steps.
A. Step of excavating the ground to form a construction recess B. A step of forming a base layer by spreading a base material on the construction recesses. A step of disposing a grid material in which a plurality of fiber members intersect with each other in a lattice shape and solidified with resin just above the base material. A step of forming a surface layer by spreading a kneaded material kneaded with a surface layer base material and a curing agent for curing the surface layer base material directly on the base layer on which the grid material is disposed.

  In addition, the construction ground of the present invention includes a construction recess formed by excavating the ground, a foundation layer formed by spreading a base material on the bottom of the construction recess, and a surface solidified with a curing agent on the foundation layer. And a surface layer formed by spreading a layer base material. In this construction ground, a grid material in which a plurality of fiber members are crossed in a lattice shape and solidified with a resin is arranged between the base layer and the surface layer, and the lower surface of the surface layer is a grid of the grid material. It is characterized by being embedded in.

  By setting it as the structure of this invention, the surface layer in a construction ground becomes remarkably high withstand load with respect to the surface layer in the conventional construction ground. This is presumed that the grid material shares the tensile force that acts on the lower surface side of the surface layer when a load is applied to the upper surface of the surface layer due to the grid material being placed on the lower surface of the surface layer. Is done. Moreover, since the proof stress of the surface layer with respect to a load increases, the thickness of the base layer which functions as a cushion under the surface layer can also be reduced. Therefore, as shown in the embodiment described later, the construction ground formed by the construction method of the present invention can be reduced in thickness to half or less compared to the conventional construction ground.

  Hereinafter, the configuration of the present invention will be described in detail.

  The surface layer of the construction ground is preferably made of concrete. When the surface layer is made of concrete, the surface layer base material that constitutes the surface layer is an aggregate such as sand, gravel, or crushed stone, and cement or cement that binds and aggregates this aggregate in the same manner as a normal concrete structure. It is good to include asphalt and water.

  Moreover, the hardening | curing agent which hardens a surface layer base material should just react and harden | cure with the substance contained in a surface layer base material. For example, if the surface layer base material contains cement, a known cement hardener can be used. In this case, even if the amount of cement contained in the surface layer is reduced, a surface layer having a predetermined strength can be obtained. Furthermore, since fine pores are formed in the surface layer by reducing the amount of cement, a water-permeable construction ground can be obtained.

  By the way, in recent years, soil has been hardened to form a construction ground. Therefore, when the surface layer base material contains cement or asphalt, the aggregate in the surface layer base material may be mainly soil. When the surface layer base material contains soil, the appearance of the surface layer can be made natural rather than artificial. Moreover, since soil is used as the surface layer base material, appropriate through holes are formed in the surface layer, and the construction ground having water permeability can be obtained.

  Furthermore, you may arrange | position a grid material in the embedded state in the intermediate part of the surface layer. In this case, in the step of forming the surface layer, the kneaded material is spread so as to be lower than the floor surface of the final surface layer, and after placing the grid material thereon, the kneaded material is further spread. The surface layer should be completed. Since the strength of the surface layer can be improved by arranging the grid material also in the middle part of the surface layer, a more reliable construction ground can be formed.

According to the construction method of the construction ground of the present invention, by arranging the grid material on the lower surface of the surface layer in the construction ground, the thickness of the surface layer can be made much thinner than the surface layer in the conventional construction ground. . Further, as the thickness of the surface layer can be reduced, the thickness of the base layer can also be reduced. From these things, since the construction method of this invention has the effect shown below, the construction ground which suppressed construction cost low can be formed.
[1] Since the ground layer and the surface layer are thinner than the conventional one, the construction recess can be made shallower.
[2] Industrial waste generated when forming the construction recess can be reduced.
[3] Less material is needed to form the underlayer and surface layer.
[4] When the surface layer is made of concrete, the concrete that forms the surface layer can be suppressed to an amount that can be produced on-site, so there is no need to call a mixer truck when forming the surface layer.
[5] Since the surface layer is thin, the curing time and drying time of the surface layer are short, and the construction period can be shortened.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a construction ground formed by the construction method of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the construction ground 1 includes a construction recess 2 in which the ground G is excavated, a base layer 3, a grid material 4, and a surface layer 5 laminated on the construction recess 2. Hereinafter, the construction method of the construction ground will be described according to the construction procedure, and each configuration of the construction ground will be described in detail.

≪Formation of construction recesses≫
First, a construction recess is formed by excavating the planned construction site. The excavation depth of the construction recess is determined by how much the thickness of the foundation layer and the surface layer, which will be described later, is, for example, about 7 to 8 cm, about 10 cm at the maximum if the construction ground of a general household parking lot It is. This is less than half of the depth (about 20-25cm) of the construction recess formed to maintain the strength of the construction ground by the conventional construction method, and the labor and cost of excavation of the ground should be significantly reduced. Can do. In addition, the excavated earth and sand will be disposed of, but in the construction method of the present invention, the excavation depth is shallow, so the amount of earth and sand is small, and as a result, the disposal cost can be reduced.

<< Formation of Underlayer >>
Next, a base material is prepared, and this is spread on the bottom surface of the construction recess. Then, the spread base material is pressed with a small compactor or the like and compacted to form a base layer. As the base material, for example, crushed stone, billi gravel, sand or the like can be used. The thickness of the underlayer can also be less than half that of the conventional underlayer. For example, in the case of an effective ground for a parking lot in a general household, the thickness of the foundation layer may be about 5 to 7 cm, which is about half of the thickness of the conventional foundation layer of 10 to 15 cm. That is, since the amount of the base material can be reduced, the formation cost of the base layer can be reduced.

≪Layout of grid material≫
When the formation of the underlayer is completed, a grid material is laid and placed immediately above the underlayer. The grid material is, for example, a sheet-like member in which a plurality of high-tensile fibers such as glass fibers and aramid fibers are bundled as a unit and arranged in a lattice shape and solidified with a resin such as coal tar. When laying a sheet-like grid material, it is preferable to dispose the sheet material so as to cover the entire surface of the underlayer. If the entire surface of the base layer cannot be covered with a single grid material, a plurality of grid materials may be arranged side by side. At this time, the end portions of the grid material may be arranged so as to overlap each other.

≪Formation of surface layer≫
When the arrangement of the grid material is completed, the kneaded material obtained by kneading the surface layer base material and the curing agent for curing the surface layer base material is spread on the grid material. Here, since the grid material has a lattice shape, the base layer is exposed from the eyes of the lattice. That is, the kneaded material is laminated on the grid material and the base layer. Further, since the spread and kneaded material fits into the grid of the grid material, the grid material adheres closely to the surface layer without being displaced. For this reason, the tensile force acting on the lower surface side of the surface layer can be effectively reduced by the grid material, so that the strength of the surface layer can be greatly improved.

  The surface layer base material includes cement if the surface layer is cement concrete, and includes asphalt if the surface layer is asphalt concrete. In addition, the surface layer base material may include aggregates such as sand, crushed stone, and gravel. Also, the aggregate can be mainly soil. In particular, when the aggregate contains soil, for example, when the construction ground of the present invention is applied to a general household garden or a park, it can have a natural appearance and the surface layer has a herbicidal effect to facilitate care. You can also.

  What is necessary is just to use the optimal thing according to a surface layer base material as the hardening | curing material which hardens a surface layer base material. As the curing agent, for example, when the surface layer base material contains cement, a commercially available cement curing agent can be used.

  Here, when using cement for the surface layer base material, it is preferable to use a type of cement hardener that hardens free lime in the cement prior to hardening of the calcium silicate in the cement. If it is such a hardening | curing agent, first, the free lime in cement will harden as a gypsum in the state of a needle-like crystal and a hexagonal plate-like crystal. Then, hydration of calcium silicate proceeds with a delay in the setting of gypsum, and fine crystalline calcium silicate hydrate is formed so as to fill the gaps between the gypsum crystals. By adopting such a crystal structure, a very strong surface layer can be obtained, and the amount of cement can be reduced.

  Further, a grid material (intermediate grid material) may be further arranged in the intermediate portion of the surface layer. In this case, the above-described kneaded material may be spread and leveled, an intermediate grid material may be disposed thereon, and the kneaded material may be further spread and leveled. If the intermediate grid material is disposed, the strength of the surface layer can be further improved. In this case, if a color or the like is mixed in the kneaded material spread on the intermediate grid material, a construction ground of a desired color can be formed, and it is not necessary to mix the color on the entire surface layer, so that it is economical. Is.

  According to the construction method of this example, the construction recess can be made shallow, and since the material disposed in the construction recess can be reduced, a construction ground with a very low construction cost can be formed. Moreover, this construction ground has sufficient strength as shown in test examples described later.

  The construction ground was actually formed by the construction method of the embodiment as described above. Below, a concrete construction procedure and the used member are demonstrated. In addition, in this example, the case where a floor surface of a general parking lot is constructed will be described as an example.

  First, a construction recess was formed by excavating the planned parking lot. The construction recess was 5.5 m long, 5 m wide, and 8.5 cm deep.

  Next, a base material composed of No. 7 crushed stone was spread on the bottom surface of the construction recess, pressed with a compactor, and compacted to form a base layer. The thickness of the underlayer was 5 cm.

  A FIBERGLASS GEOGRID (hereinafter referred to as geogrid) made by qingdao chemetals industries Co., Ltd. was spread on the underlayer as a grid material. This geogrid is made by crossing glass fibers in a lattice shape and solidifying with coal tar, and has strong resistance to tensile force.

Next, the kneaded material kneaded with No. 7 crushed stone, sand, cement and cement hardener (RC hardener manufactured by Sanyo Tech Co., Ltd.) was spread on the ground layer and the grid material and compacted with a compactor. . The thickness of this layer was 2.0 cm. The amount of the kneaded product is as follows.
No.7 crushed stone 700kg
330kg sea sand
Portland cement 205kg
Cement hardener (RC hardener manufactured by Sanyo Tech Co., Ltd.) 450g
Water 140l

  The above-mentioned geogrid was laid again on the kneaded mixture. After placing the geogrid, water was sprayed to promote the cement hydration reaction.

  Furthermore, color is added to the kneaded material having the same structure as the above-mentioned kneaded material to color it, and this kneaded material is spread on a geogrid, pressed with a compactor so as to be flush with the ground, and tightened. Hardened to form a surface layer (total 3.5 cm). Then, the surface layer was cured and dried to complete the construction ground.

<Test example>
Next, the strength of the construction ground formed by the construction method of the present invention was examined. Specifically, the construction ground shown below (including the construction ground shown in the examples) is formed, and the construction ground is struck with an iron hammer to examine whether damage such as cracks or cracks occurs on the surface. It was.

Construction ground A ... Construction ground described in the example Construction ground B ... Construction ground where the geogrid was not placed in the middle part of the surface layer in the construction ground A Construction ground C ... Construction ground in which the geogrid of the example was replaced with a reinforcing bar Construction ground D: Construction ground with no reinforcement in the middle of the surface layer on construction ground C Construction ground E: Construction with a construction recess of 25cm, ground layer of 15cm, surface layer of 10cm, with reinforcement only in the middle of the surface layer ground

  Among the above five construction grounds, both the cracks and cracks occurred in the construction grounds C and D. On the other hand, in the construction grounds A and B having the configuration of the present invention, although a slight dent was generated in the surface layer, no crack or crack was generated. Further, even in the construction ground E formed with the construction recesses sufficiently deep as in the prior art, although the surface layer had some dents, no cracks or cracks occurred. That is, according to this test example, the construction grounds A and B of the present invention in which a geogrid (grid material) is disposed at least on the lower surface of the surface layer have a thickness less than half that of the conventional construction ground E and the same strength. It became clear.

  The construction ground construction method of the present invention can be suitably used for forming outdoor construction grounds such as parking lots and entrances. Moreover, the construction ground of this invention can be utilized suitably as an outdoor construction ground.

It is sectional drawing of the construction ground formed with the construction method of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

G Ground 1 Construction ground 2 Construction recess 3 Ground layer 4 Grid material 5 Surface layer

Claims (5)

A process of excavating the ground to form a construction recess,
A process of forming a base layer by spreading a base material in the construction recess,
A step of arranging a grid material in which a plurality of fiber members are crossed in a lattice shape and solidified with a resin immediately above the base layer;
And a step of forming a surface layer by spreading a kneaded material kneaded with a surface layer base material and a curing agent for curing the surface layer base material directly on the base layer on which the grid material is disposed. The construction method of the construction ground.   The construction method according to claim 1, wherein the surface layer base material includes cement or asphalt.   The construction method according to claim 2, wherein the surface layer base material includes soil.   Furthermore, it has the process of arrange | positioning a grid material in the embedded state in the intermediate part of the said surface layer, The construction method of the construction ground as described in any one of Claims 1-3 characterized by the above-mentioned. A construction recess formed by excavating the ground;
A base layer formed by spreading a base material on the bottom of the construction recess,
A construction ground comprising a surface layer formed by spreading a surface layer base material hardened with a curing agent on a base layer,
Between the base layer and the surface layer, a grid material in which a plurality of fiber members are crossed in a lattice shape and hardened with a resin is disposed, and the lower surface of the surface layer is embedded in the grid of the grid material Characteristic construction ground.

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