JP2009050826A - Magnetic granule separator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a magnetic granule separator which separates and removes magnetic granules included in a fluid. <P>SOLUTION: The magnetic granule separator is provided with a cyclone type treatment vessel 2 equipped with an inflow port 3 through which a fluid to be treated containing magnetic granules is introduced from the tangent direction rectangularly crossing the axis, and a discharge port at the lower end, a tubular outflow passageway 6 causing the treated fluid to flow out, an introduction port 7 installed at the lower end of the tubular outflow passageway 6, a permanent magnet member 10 arranged at the outside of the wall side of the cyclone type treatment vessel 2, a shield means 20 to shield the magnetic field which is arranged between the permanent magnet member 10 and the wall side and in which the permanent magnet member 10 acts on the inside of the cyclone type treatment vessel 2, and a transferring means 30 to transfer the shield means 20 to the direction rectangularly to the direction to which the magnetic field acts. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a magnetic particle separation apparatus for separating and removing magnetic fine particles such as magnetic particles in a liquid and magnetic particles in a gas using a cyclone processing container. In particular, the present invention relates to a magnetic particle separator for removing machining waste (magnetic particles) contained in cutting fluid or the like of a machining machine or the like.

  In the machining machine, after the cutting fluid stored in the supply tank is supplied to the workpiece, the cutting fluid containing the machining waste of the workpiece is returned to the supply tank by a pump, so that the cutting fluid is contained in the processing machine. Is circulating. Generally, the processing waste generated from the workpiece is collected and removed by a filter device provided in the middle of the circulation path of the processing machine.

  Examples of the filter device include a filtration type using a film such as a paper filter, a bag filter, and a cartridge filter, and a settling type that sinks processing waste.

  However, since the filter membrane becomes clogged with particles of processing waste as the usage time becomes longer, the filter device is disassembled periodically or irregularly to clean the filter membrane or There is a problem that it is necessary to replace it, the maintenance is expensive, and the maintenance is troublesome. In addition, the precipitation-type concentrating device (thickener) has problems such as a large-sized device, high equipment costs, and a long time to settle fine particles.

  By the way, in order to collect fine particles, a cyclone using centrifugal force is widely used.

  In the dry cyclone, fine particles of 5 μm or more are generally collected, and in the wet cyclone, fine particles of 10 μm or more are collected. Therefore, in order to collect fine particles having a particle diameter smaller than about 10 μm, it is necessary to greatly increase the inlet speed of the cyclone. However, since the pressure loss increases as the inlet speed increases, the system becomes wasteful in terms of energy and lacks reality.

  In particular, in the cutting fluid used for cutting and grinding, it is necessary to completely remove the machining waste contained in the cutting fluid. In particular, there is a chip of high hardness in cutting and grinding chips, and if this chip remains contained in the cutting fluid, it becomes a source of generating scratches such as scratches on the workpiece. Many of these chips are 10 μm or less on average and cannot be separated by a cyclone treatment apparatus. Therefore, in the field, measures such as combination with a filter are taken, but this is not sufficient, and further countermeasures are strongly desired.

As an example of countermeasures, as a method for collecting magnetic particles, a magnet is disposed outside the side wall of the cyclonic processing apparatus, and the magnet is moved in the diametrical direction or the vertical direction so that it does not work with the state in which magnetic force acts. It is known that the magnetic sludge in the cyclone type processing apparatus is adsorbed by setting the state, and then the adsorbed magnetic sludge is separated from the side wall and discharged from the cyclone type processing apparatus (for example, Patent Document 1). .
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-21835

  However, in one type shown in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, in order to move the permanent magnet arranged outside the side wall of the cyclonic processing apparatus to the outside in the diameter direction, that is, to move away from the cyclone processing container, A large force against the magnetic force is required, which not only requires a large facility, but also has a problem that the magnetic particles adsorbed on the inner surface of the side wall of the cyclone treatment container cannot be separated and removed effectively.

  In addition, another type is disclosed in which the magnet is moved downward along the tapered surface formed on the side wall to weaken the magnetic force. However, in this type, the magnetic force is weakened unless the magnet is largely moved along the side wall tapered surface. It cannot be done, and the equipment becomes large.

  Furthermore, in both types, since the magnet is moved with great force or moved greatly, the position of the magnet may change due to secular change, and it becomes impossible to stably adsorb the chip, or the magnetic force is released and the chip is released with certainty. May not be separated and removed.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a magnetic particle separation device that can separate and remove magnetic particles contained in a fluid efficiently and stably using a cyclone processing container and a permanent magnet. Is to provide.

Specifically, the first invention includes a cyclone type processing container including an inlet into which a fluid to be processed including magnetic particles is introduced from a tangential direction perpendicular to the axis, and having a discharge port at a lower end portion;
A cylindrical outflow passage provided in the axial direction in the center of the cyclonic processing vessel and through which a processing fluid flows out;
An inlet provided at the lower end of the cylindrical outflow passage;
A permanent magnet member disposed outside the side wall of the cyclonic processing vessel;
A shielding means disposed between the permanent magnet member and the inner wall of the side wall, wherein the permanent magnet member shields a magnetic field acting on the inside of the cyclonic processing container;
A moving means for moving the shield means and the permanent magnet member in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the magnetic field acts is provided.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the permanent magnet member has NS magnetic poles in which the N pole made of divided pieces and the S pole made of divided pieces are arranged adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction. It is characterized by being arranged.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the permanent magnet member includes NS magnetic poles and non-magnetic poles in which N poles made of divided pieces and S poles made of divided pieces are arranged adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction. It is characterized by being continuously arranged in the circumferential direction.

  According to a fourth invention, in any one of the first to third inventions, the shield means is formed of a ring-shaped member, and the ring-shaped member is rotatable in the circumferential direction along the outer periphery of the side wall of the cyclonic processing container. It is arranged and is rotated by a moving means.

  According to a fifth invention, in any one of the first to third inventions, the shield means is formed of a ring-shaped member, the ring-shaped member is embedded in the side wall of the cyclonic processing vessel, and the permanent magnet member is disposed in the circumferential direction. It is arrange | positioned so that rotation is possible, and a permanent magnet member rotates by a moving means, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

  According to a sixth invention, in the fourth or fifth invention, the ring-shaped member has a plurality of through holes in the circumferential direction, and a magnetic field is applied to the inside of the side wall at the N pole or S pole at a position facing the through holes. The magnetic field into the side wall is shielded at the N pole or S pole that does not face the through hole.

  According to a seventh invention, in any one of the first to third inventions, the shield means is made of a ring-shaped member, and the ring-shaped member is disposed so as to be movable in the vertical direction along the outer periphery of the side wall of the cyclone type processing container. The moving means moves up and down.

  The eighth invention is the invention according to any one of the first to third inventions, wherein the shield means comprises a ring-shaped member, the ring-shaped member is embedded in the side wall of the cyclonic processing vessel, and the permanent magnet member moves in the vertical direction. It is arranged so that it can be moved up and down by a moving means.

  According to the first invention, the magnetic particles carried in the direction of the side wall in the cyclone treatment container are adsorbed on the inner wall of the side wall by the permanent magnet member provided on the side wall. The fluid is recovered from the inlet to the cylindrical outflow passage. In addition, by interposing the shielding means between the inner wall of the side wall and the permanent magnet member, the magnetic force can be easily shielded with a light force, so that the magnetic particles adsorbed on the inner wall of the side wall can be absorbed by the permanent magnet. It can be released from the magnetic force and detached from the inner wall of the side wall, and the magnetic particles can be dropped and discharged.

  According to the second invention, the magnetic force can be easily adjusted, and the magnetic particles can be efficiently adsorbed and desorbed from the circumferential surface of the inner wall.

  According to the third invention, since the magnetic force can be weakened stepwise, the driving force of the moving means when the magnetic force is weakened can be made small and can be reliably operated stably.

  According to the fourth aspect, since the case where the magnetic force acts and the case where the magnetic force does not act can be obtained by rotating the shield means, the control thereof is easy, and it is possible to reliably and stably operate.

  According to the fifth aspect, since the case where the magnetic force acts and the case where the magnetic force does not act can be obtained by rotating the permanent magnet member, the control is easy, and the permanent magnet member can be reliably and stably operated.

  According to the sixth aspect, with a simple configuration, it is possible to reliably control the state where the magnetic force acts and the state where the magnetic force does not act, and depending on the case, the magnetic force can be weakened in stages.

  According to the seventh aspect, since the case where the magnetic force acts and the case where the magnetic force does not act can be obtained by moving the shield means up and down, the control thereof is easy, and it is possible to operate reliably and stably.

  According to the eighth aspect of the invention, it is possible to obtain the case where the magnetic force acts and the case where the magnetic force does not act by moving the permanent magnet member up and down. Therefore, the control is easy, and the permanent magnet member can be reliably and stably operated.

  In the present invention, a fluid to be processed including magnetic particles is introduced into a substantially cylindrical cyclone processing container in a tangential direction, and moves downward in a substantially cylindrical processing container by swirling at high speed. In the course of the turning motion, magnetic particles, liquid components, and gas components, which are solid components in the fluid, are carried radially outward by centrifugal force. At this time, the magnitude of the centrifugal force acting on each component differs depending on the specific gravity of each component, and magnetic particles having a large specific gravity receive a greater centrifugal force. On the other hand, a lighter specific gravity increases at the center, and a light specific gravity liquid component (a liquid component or a gas component that does not contain magnetic particles) is discharged from the upper direction through a cylindrical outflow passage in the center. And the magnetic particle conveyed in the side wall direction is adsorb | sucked by the inner wall surface of a side wall with the permanent magnet member provided in the side wall.

  Thereafter, by interposing the shielding means between the side wall and the permanent magnet member, the magnetic particles adsorbed on the inner wall of the side wall are detached from the inner wall of the side wall by weakening the magnetic force or shielding the magnetic force. . As a result, the magnetic particles are dropped and discharged, and collected by a collecting means (not shown). Therefore, the magnetic particles contained in the fluid are efficiently separated and removed.

  In particular, in the cutting waste in which the workpiece chips and abrasive grains are combined, such as a grinding wheel, the magnetic particles that are cutting waste are magnetic particles that are smaller than approximately 10 μm. In a normal cyclone processing apparatus, Although it is difficult to separate and remove, in the present invention, separation and removal can be performed more effectively.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the following description of the preferred embodiment is merely illustrative in nature, and is not intended to limit the present invention, its application, or its use.

Embodiment 1 of the Invention
The first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

The magnetic particle separator 1 according to the first embodiment is a machining machine for performing various types of machining such as grinding, cutting, and polishing, and chips (that is, magnetic particles) mixed in the cutting fluid, or The magnetic particle separator 1 is applied to the case where the cutting waste and the cutting fluid, which are formed by welding chips and abrasive grains, are separated and the cutting waste is separated and recovered. The cyclone type processing container 2 made of a nonmagnetic material is provided. The cyclonic processing container 2 includes a substantially cylindrical main body portion 2a. An inflow port 3 is provided in a tangential direction in an upper portion of the side wall of the main body portion 2a. Below the main body portion 2a, a substantially inverted conical portion 2b having a substantially inverted conical shape continuous with the main body portion 2a and having a diameter decreasing downward, and a lower end portion of the substantially inverted conical shape portion 2b are provided. A substantially conical portion 2c having a diameter that further increases downward from the throttle portion 8 is provided. Furthermore, a substantially conical discharge portion 2d having a diameter gradually decreasing again from the enlarged portion 9 provided at the lower end portion of the substantially conical portion 2c is provided. A discharge port 4 for magnetic particles j is provided at the lower end of the discharge portion 2d. A cylindrical outer cylinder 5 is provided on the outer periphery of the main body portion 2a, the substantially inverted conical portion 2b, the substantially conical portion 2c, and the discharge portion 2d. The cylindrical outer cylinder 5 is made of a non-magnetic material such as stainless steel or synthetic resin, but may be a steel pipe if there is no influence on the action of the magnetic force of the permanent magnet member. The main body portion 2a, the substantially inverted conical shape portion 2b, the substantially conical shape portion 2c, and the discharge portion 2d are configured as separate bodies, but all or part of them may be integrated. The main body portion 2a, the substantially inverted cone shape portion 2b, the substantially cone shape portion 2c, the discharge portion 2d, and the cylindrical outer cylinder 5 may be integrated. The side wall referred to in the present invention includes a cylindrical outer cylinder 5, a main body portion 2a, a substantially inverted conical portion 2b, a substantially conical portion 2c, and a discharge portion 2d.

  A cylindrical outflow passage 6 is disposed in the central portion of the cyclonic processing container 2 so as to extend in the axial direction. The introduction port 7 provided at the lower end portion of the cylindrical outflow passage 6 is provided at substantially the same height as the enlarged portion 9. The reason is that the fluid that has flowed into the main body portion 2a from the inlet 3 and led to the substantially inverted cone-shaped portion 2b has its flow velocity accelerated at one end by the throttle portion 8, and then is subjected to centrifugal force by the substantially cone-shaped portion 2c. Due to the above action, a heavy thing (magnetic particles such as cutting dust) goes to the enlarged portion 9, and a light one (cutting fluid etc.) remains in the center. And in the discharge part 2d, it is the structure restrict | squeezed toward the discharge port 4 from the expansion part 9, and the fluid which came to remain in the center is guide | induced into the cylindrical outflow channel | path 6 from the introduction port 7. FIG. At that time, if the inlet 7 is located at a higher position than the enlarged portion 9, the fluid in a state where the centrifugal force is not sufficiently applied (a state in which cutting waste and cutting fluid are mixed) is around the inlet 7. As a result, heavy cutting waste is also led from the introduction port 7 to the cylindrical outflow passage 6. On the other hand, if the inlet 7 is located farther away from the enlarged portion 9 and located at a lower position, the heavy cutting waste is separated and concentrated in the enlarged portion 9 by the action of centrifugal force at the height of the enlarged portion 9. In spite of the fact that it can be separated and consolidated into a cutting fluid that is light in weight at the center portion, both results are mixed again. Therefore, it is preferable that the introduction port 7 and the enlarged portion 9 provided at the lower end portion of the cylindrical outflow passage 6 are provided at substantially the same height position.

  Further, the lower end portion provided with the introduction port 7 is provided with a diameter slightly increased outward so that the centrifugal force is reliably acted on by the fluid. However, in some cases, the lower end portion may remain the same diameter as the main body portion of the cylindrical outflow passage 6.

  A permanent magnet member 10 is provided outside the cylindrical outer cylinder 5. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the permanent magnet member 10 is provided with NS magnetic pole groups 11 including N poles 12 and S poles 13 arranged in the circumferential direction. The upper end portion of the NS magnetic pole group 11 is provided at substantially the same height as the enlarged portion 9 and the introduction port 7. The NS magnetic pole group 11 is attached to a support frame 15 provided in the cylindrical outer cylinder 5. A shield means 20 is rotatably provided between the cylindrical outer cylinder 5 and the NS magnetic pole group 11. The ring-shaped member 21 of the shield means 20 is made of a magnetic material such as mild steel. The height of the ring-shaped member 21 is slightly higher than the height of the NS magnetic pole group 11. The ring-shaped member 21 is provided with a through hole 27 having a size corresponding to the size of the NS magnetic pole 11 at a position facing the NS magnetic pole 11. The through hole 27 is not provided for the adjacent NS magnetic pole 11 but is provided for the next NS magnetic pole so as to be spaced from the adjacent NS magnetic pole. Yes. On the back surface of the ring-shaped member 21 (that is, the NS magnetic pole group 11 side), a guide ring 23 made of a nonmagnetic material is provided in a ring shape. By providing the guide ring 23, the ring-shaped member 21 can move smoothly. A concave portion 24 is formed on the inner surface of the ring-shaped member 21 (that is, the cylindrical outer cylinder 5 side), and contact portions 25 that contact the outer periphery of the cylindrical outer cylinder 5 are provided at the upper and lower ends of the concave portion 24. . In order to reduce contact resistance when the ring-shaped member 21 rotates, a recess 24 is provided. A bracket portion 22 is integrally provided at the lower end portion of the ring-shaped member 21. The bracket portion 22 extends through a hole 15a provided in the support frame 15, and is connected to an air cylinder 30 as a moving means. As the moving means, known driving means such as an air cylinder or a motor can be used. Although two cylinders 30 are provided as shown in FIG. 1, the number is not limited to this number, and may be one or more than two.

  Next, the operation of the magnetic particle separator 1 according to the first embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 3B, the shield means 20 has a through-hole 27 in the shield means 20 at a position corresponding to one NS magnetic pole 11 (the left NS magnetic pole in FIG. 3B). 11 is in a state in which a magnetic force is applied to the inside of the discharge portion 2d, and the ring-shaped member 21 is in a state of closing the adjacent NS magnetic pole 11 without the through hole 27 being located, and the NS magnetic pole at this position is closed. In contrast, the magnetic particles j adhering to the inner wall of the discharge portion 2d are in a magnetic state where they are not attached (trapped). Thus, the NS magnetic pole 11 is in a state where a magnetic force acts alternately. In this state, the to-be-processed fluid r containing the magnetic particles j is introduced into the cyclone processing container 2 from the inlet 3 in the tangential direction at high speed. The introduced to-be-processed fluid r performs a turning motion along the inner surface of the side wall of the main body portion 2a. Inside the main body portion 2a, the introduced fluid r to be swirled in the main body portion 2a generates a swirling flow and is guided to the substantially inverted conical portion 2b. The speed of the swirling flow is increased by the narrowed portion 8 provided at the lower end of the substantially inverted conical portion 2b, and is guided to the substantially conical portion 2c. In the substantially conical portion 2c, a centrifugal force due to a high-speed turning motion acts strongly. As a result, a larger centrifugal force acts on the magnetic particles j having a large specific gravity, and they are conveyed outward in the radial direction to be concentrated in the enlarged portion 9. The magnetic particles j are pulled in the direction of the enlarged portion 9 by the magnetic force of the NS magnetic pole group 11 and are simultaneously held on the inner wall surface of the discharge portion 2d. As a result, the fluid r to be processed is separated into a liquid component existing in a substantially central portion (near the outer wall of the cylindrical outflow passage 6) of the cyclonic processing container 2 and a layer of magnetic particles j unevenly distributed in the enlarged portion 9. . The liquid component existing in the substantially central portion of the cyclone type processing container 2 (near the outer wall of the cylindrical outflow passage 6) is led from the introduction port 7 to the cylindrical outflow passage 6 by the upward axial force acting in the discharge portion 2d. As a clean liquid, it flows out from the magnetic particle separator 1 to the outside.

  And after many magnetic particles j adhere to the inner wall surface of the discharge part 2d of the expansion part 9, the ring-shaped member 21 of the shield means 20 is rotated to the position of FIG. 3 (C), and the through-hole 27 is adjacent. The position of the NS magnetic pole 11 is set. As a result, the NS magnetic pole 11 located at the position facing the through hole 27 is located at the position where the ring-shaped member 21 without the through hole 27 exists, so that the magnetic force of the NS magnetic pole 11 acts on the magnetic particle j. On the contrary, the through-hole 27 faces the NS magnetic pole 11 where the ring-shaped member 21 has been positioned so far and the magnetic force has not acted on the magnetic particles j. As a result, the magnetic force of the NS magnetic pole 11 acts on the magnetic particle j. In this way, by alternately applying a magnetic force to the adjacent NS magnetic poles 11, the magnetic particles j can be continuously trapped or released, and the magnetic particles j are discharged from the outlet 4. The In the first embodiment, the NS magnetic pole where the magnetic force acts and the NS magnetic pole where the magnetic force does not act are halved, and the driving force for moving the shield means 20 when releasing the magnetic force releases the magnetic force of all NS magnetic poles. Compared with half the driving force. Further, since the shield means 20 moves in the direction of shearing the magnetic force, the magnetic force can be reliably interrupted with a light force.

  In the first embodiment, since the swirling flow becomes faster toward the constricted portion 8 after passing through the substantially inverted conical portion 2b of the cyclonic processing vessel 2 and expands at the substantially conical portion 2c at a high speed, the magnetic particles having a high specific gravity. j moves efficiently in the direction of the enlarged portion 9, and a clean liquid remains in the central portion, so that separation is performed effectively. Furthermore, instead of moving the permanent magnet member 10, the shield means 20 provided between the cylindrical outer cylinder 5 and the permanent magnet member 10 is moved so that the magnetic force of the permanent magnet member 10 causes the magnetism of the inner wall surface of the discharge portion 2 d. Since it controls the action on the particles j, the control of the action / non-action of the magnetic force is reliable and stable.

<< Embodiment 2 of the Invention >>
Next, Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the second embodiment, the description of the parts common to the first embodiment will be omitted, and the description will focus on the characteristic parts that are different from the first embodiment.

  In the second embodiment, the non-magnetic pole 14 is disposed adjacent to the NS magnetic pole 11 composed of the N pole 12 and the S pole 13. The non-magnetic pole 14 is provided with the same width as the N pole 12 and the S pole 13. The N pole 12, the S pole 13, and the non-magnetic pole 14 are juxtaposed in order. The ring-shaped member 41 of the shield means 40 is provided with a circular through hole 47. As shown in FIG. 5B, the through hole 47 is provided at a position corresponding to the upper half of the N pole 12 and a position corresponding to the lower half of the S pole 13. As a result, when the ring-shaped member 41 rotates to the position of FIG. 5C, the N pole 12 is shielded and the S pole 13 is in a state in which a magnetic force acts. Furthermore, when it rotates to the position of FIG.5 (d), the S pole 13 will be shielded and the N pole 13 will be in the state which a magnetic force acts. When further rotated, the position shown in FIG. 5B is reached, and the magnetic force acts on both the N pole 12 and the S pole 13. Thus, by rotating the ring-shaped member 41 stepwise, the magnetic forces of the N pole 12 and the S pole 13 can be released sequentially.

  Also in the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the swirl flow becomes faster toward the constricted portion 8 after passing through the substantially inverted cone-shaped portion 2b of the cyclonic processing vessel 2, and spreads at the high-speed substantially cone-shaped portion 2c. Therefore, the magnetic particles j having a high specific gravity move efficiently in the direction of the enlarged portion 9, and a clean liquid remains in the central portion, so that the separation is effectively performed. Further, since the shield means 40 moves in the direction of shearing the magnetic force, the magnetic force can be reliably interrupted with a light force. Further, instead of moving the permanent magnet member 10, the shield means 40 provided between the cylindrical member 5 and the permanent magnet member 10 is moved so that the discharge portion 2 d in which the magnetic force of the permanent magnet member 10 is the side wall 5 is also inside. Since the action on the magnetic particles j attached to the wall surface is controlled, the control of the action / non-action of the magnetic force is reliable and stable.

  In the second embodiment, the ring-shaped member 41 is rotated step by step from the state of FIG. 5B to the state of FIG. 5D, and further rotated to the state of FIG. 5B. 5 (B), after the state of FIG. 5 (B), it may reversely rotate and return to FIG. 5 (D), FIG. 5 (C), and FIG. 5 (B). From the state of B), the state of FIG. 5C and FIG. 5D may be obtained, and thereafter, it may be rotated reversely to FIG. 5C and FIG.

  In addition, although the through-hole 47 is circular, it is not restricted to this shape, What kind of shape, for example, rectangular shape etc. may be sufficient. Moreover, the through-hole 47 may be turned upside down and can be provided at the same height.

<< Embodiment 3 of the Invention >>
Next, Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described based on FIG. 6 and FIG. In the third embodiment, the description of the parts common to the first embodiment will be omitted, and the description will focus on the characteristic parts that are different from the first embodiment.

  In the third embodiment, the permanent magnet member 110 is rotatably provided on the outer periphery of the cylindrical outer cylinder 5. Specifically, the upper end portion of the NS magnetic pole 111 of the permanent magnet member 110 is disposed so as to be substantially the same height as the enlarged portion 9 and is supported by the support frame 115. The support frame 115 is rotatably provided on the outer periphery of the cylindrical outer cylinder 5 and is connected to a cylinder 30 that is a moving means. The NS magnetic pole 111 of the permanent magnet member 110 includes an N pole 112 and an S pole 113. The N pole 112 and the S pole 113 are adjacent to each other, and then the non-magnetic pole 114 corresponding to the combined width of the N pole 112 and the S pole 113 is provided, and are continuously provided in this arrangement. Further, the ring-shaped member 120 serving as a shielding means is embedded in the outer wall of the discharge portion 2d at a height position facing the NS magnetic pole 111. The ring-shaped member 120 is provided with through-holes 121 corresponding to the widths of the N pole 112 and the S pole 113 (width of the non-magnetic pole 114) for each same width.

  The operation state of this Embodiment 3 is demonstrated. When the permanent magnet member 110 and the shield means 120 are in the positional relationship shown in FIG. 7A, the N pole 112 and the S pole 113 of the NS magnetic pole 111 are not positioned to face the through-hole 121, and the shield means 120 Thus, the magnetic force of the NS magnetic pole 111 stops acting on the inner wall of the discharge portion 2d, and the magnetic particles j adsorbed on the discharge portion 2d fall off and are discharged from the discharge port 4. After that, when the permanent magnet member 110 is rotated by the cylinder 30 and the permanent magnet member 110 and the shield means 120 come in the positional relationship of FIG. 7B, the N pole 112 and the S pole 113 of the NS magnetic pole 111 are changed. Since the position faces the through hole 121, the magnetic force of the NS magnetic pole 111 acts on the inner wall of the discharge portion 2d, and adsorbs (traps) the magnetic particles j collected on the inner wall of the discharge portion 2d.

  In the third embodiment, the permanent magnet member 110 and the shield means 120 are reciprocally rotated so that the positional relationship between FIG. 7A and FIG. It is possible to adsorb or drop off the magnetic particles j gathered on the inner wall of the glass.

  Also in the third embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the swirl flow becomes high toward the constricted portion 8 after passing through the substantially inverted conical portion 2b of the cyclonic processing vessel 2, and spreads at the high speed in the substantially conical portion 2c. Therefore, the magnetic particles j having a high specific gravity move efficiently in the direction of the enlarged portion 9, and a clean liquid remains in the central portion, so that the separation is effectively performed. Moreover, since the permanent magnet member 110 moves in the direction of shearing the magnetic force, the magnetic force can be reliably interrupted with a light force.

  In Embodiment 3, since the shielding means 120 is embedded in the discharge part 2d and not provided on the outer periphery of the cylindrical outer cylinder 5, the outer peripheral space of the cylindrical outer cylinder 5 can be made compact. Moreover, the structure on the outer periphery of the cylindrical outer cylinder 5 can be simplified, the manufacturing cost can be reduced, and maintenance is easy.

  The arrangement of the NS magnetic pole 111 and the size and position of the through-holes 121 are not limited to this structure, but the NS of the permanent magnet member 110 can be obtained by embedding the shield means 120 and rotating the permanent magnet member 110. Any structure other than the above structure may be used as long as the magnetic force of the group of magnetic poles 111 can be applied to the magnetic particles j on the inner wall of the discharge portion 2d and can be inactive. Further, the shield means 120 is embedded in the outer periphery of the discharge portion 2d. However, the shield means 120 is not limited to this position, and may be provided between the permanent magnet member and the inner wall of the discharge portion 2d. The cylinder outer cylinder 5 may be embedded in the inner periphery, the outer periphery, or the inside thereof, or of course, may be embedded in the discharge portion 2d.

<< Embodiment 4 of the Invention >>
Next, Embodiment 4 of the present invention will be described based on FIGS.

  In the fourth embodiment, the description of the parts common to the first embodiment will be omitted, and the description will focus on the characteristic parts that are different from the first embodiment.

  A permanent magnet member 10 is provided outside the cylindrical outer cylinder 5 which is a side wall. The NS magnetic pole group 11 of the permanent magnet member 10 is attached to a support frame 15 ′ provided on the cylindrical outer cylinder 5. A shield means 50 is disposed between the cylindrical outer cylinder 5 and the NS magnetic pole group 11 so as to be movable up and down. A ring-shaped member 51 of the shield means 50 is provided. On the back surface of the ring-shaped member 51 (that is, the NS magnetic pole group 11 side), a guide ring 53 made of a nonmagnetic material is provided in a ring shape. A flange portion 52 is integrally provided at the lower end portion of the ring-shaped member 51. An air cylinder 59 as a moving means is connected to the flange portion 52. 56 is a stopper for positioning the lower end when the ring-shaped member 51 is lowered.

  Although two cylinders 59 are provided as shown in FIG. 6, the number is not limited to this number, and may be one or more than two. Although the ring-shaped member 51 of the shield means 50 moves up and down at the same time, for example, it may move up and down by semicircles or up and down by 90 °. In that case, vertical movement can be controlled smoothly by providing separate cylinders.

  Next, the operation of the fourth embodiment will be described. As shown by an imaginary line in FIG. 8, the shield means 50 moves to the lower end position, and the NS magnetic pole group 11 of the permanent magnet member 10 is in a state of acting on the magnetic particles j in the cyclone type processing container 2. In this state, the to-be-processed fluid r containing the magnetic particles j is introduced into the cyclone processing container 2 from the inlet 3 in the tangential direction at high speed. The introduced to-be-processed fluid r performs a turning motion along the inner surface of the side wall of the main body portion 2a. Inside the main body portion 2a, the introduced fluid r to be swirled in the main body portion 2a generates a swirling flow and is guided to the substantially inverted conical portion 2b. The speed of the swirling flow is increased by the narrowed portion 8 provided at the lower end of the substantially inverted conical portion 2b, and is guided to the substantially conical portion 2c. In the substantially conical portion 2c, a centrifugal force due to a high-speed turning motion acts strongly. As a result, a larger centrifugal force acts on the magnetic fine particles j having a large specific gravity, and is transported outward in the radial direction to be concentrated in the enlarged portion 9. The magnetic fine particles j are pulled in the direction of the enlarged portion 9 by the magnetic force of the NS magnetic pole group 11 and are simultaneously held on the inner wall surface of the discharge portion 2d.

  As a result, the fluid r to be processed is separated into a liquid component existing in a substantially central portion (near the outer wall of the cylindrical outflow passage 6) of the cyclonic processing container 2 and a layer of magnetic particles j unevenly distributed in the enlarged portion 9. . The liquid component existing in the substantially central part (near the outer wall of the cylindrical outflow passage 6) of the cyclone type processing container 2 has a shape in which the discharge part 2d is constricted in an inverted conical shape, so that an upward axial force acts. Then, it is guided from the introduction port 7 to the cylindrical outflow passage 6 and is discharged from the magnetic particle separator 1 to the outside as a clean liquid.

  And after many magnetic particles j adhere to the inner wall surface of the discharge part 2d of the enlarged portion 9, the ring-shaped member 51 of the shield means 50 is raised and interposed between the cylindrical outer cylinder 5 and the NS magnetic pole group 11. . As a result, the magnetic force acting on the magnetic particles j is weakened or eliminated by the magnetic force of the NS magnetic pole group 11, and the magnetic particles j unevenly distributed on the inner wall surface of the discharge part 2d fall along the inner wall surface of the discharge part 2d. Then, it is discharged from the discharge port 17.

  Thereafter, the shield means 50 is again lowered to the initial state. By repeating this operation, the fluid r to be processed is separated into magnetic particles j and a clean liquid, and each is discharged and collected.

  In Embodiment 4, since the swirling flow becomes faster toward the constricted portion 8 after passing through the substantially inverted conical portion 2b of the cyclonic processing vessel 2, and spreads at the substantially conical portion 2c at a high speed, the magnetic particles having a high specific gravity. j moves efficiently in the direction of the enlarged portion 9, and a clean liquid remains in the central portion, so that separation is performed effectively. Furthermore, instead of moving the permanent magnet member 10, the shield means 20 provided between the cylindrical outer cylinder 5 and the permanent magnet member 10 is moved so that the magnetic force of the permanent magnet member 10 adheres to the inner wall surface of the discharge portion 2d. Since the action on the magnetic particles j is controlled, the control of the action / non-action of the magnetic force is reliable and stable.

<< Embodiment 5 of the Invention >>
Next, Embodiment 5 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  In the fifth embodiment, similarly to the third embodiment, the ring-shaped member 151 that is a shield means is embedded in the outer periphery of the discharge portion 2d, and the same idea is achieved in that the shield means outside the cylindrical outer cylinder 5 is eliminated. The structure is adopted. The difference from the third embodiment is that the permanent magnet member reciprocally rotates in the third embodiment, but in this fifth embodiment, the permanent magnet member moves up and down. Therefore, the embedded position of the ring-shaped member 151 is different from that of the third embodiment, and in the fifth embodiment, the ring-shaped member 151 is embedded at a position where the permanent magnet member 110 is lowered. In the fifth embodiment, the ring-shaped member 111 of the permanent magnet member 110 is supported by the support frame 115. The support frame 115 is connected to a cylinder 159 which is a moving means, and moves up and down. Reference numeral 156 denotes a stopper when the support frame 115 is lowered.

  In the fifth embodiment, by moving the ring-shaped member 111 of the permanent magnet member 110 up and down, the magnetic force of the ring-shaped member 111 acts on the magnetic particles j concentrated on the inner wall surface of the discharge portion 2d or does not work. Therefore, the magnetic particles j can be separated and discharged easily and reliably.

  In the fifth embodiment, similarly to the third embodiment, the ring-shaped member 151 is embedded in the discharge portion 2d and is not provided on the outer periphery of the cylindrical outer cylinder 5, so that the outer peripheral space of the cylindrical outer cylinder 5 can be made compact. Moreover, the structure on the outer periphery of the cylindrical outer cylinder 5 can be simplified, the manufacturing cost can be reduced, and maintenance is easy. In the fifth embodiment, a simple ring-shaped member may be used without providing a through-hole in the ring-shaped member 151, and the manufacturing cost can be greatly reduced. Further, the alignment between the ring-shaped member 151 and the permanent magnet member 111 is simple, and the workability is excellent.

  Further, the ring-shaped member 151 is embedded in the outer periphery of the discharge portion 2d. However, the ring-shaped member 151 is not limited to this position, and may be provided between the permanent magnet member and the inner wall of the discharge portion 2d. Instead, it may be embedded in the inner periphery, outer periphery, or inside of the cylindrical member 5, or of course, may be embedded in the discharge portion 2d.

  Although two cylinders 159 are provided as shown in FIG. 10, the number is not limited to this number, and may be one or more than two. The two cylinders 159 are synchronized and the ring-shaped member 115 is moved up and down at the same time. However, for example, the ring-shaped member 115 may be moved up and down by a semicircle or moved up and down by 90 °. In that case, vertical movement can be controlled smoothly by providing separate cylinders.

Embodiment 6 of the Invention
Next, Embodiment 6 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  In the sixth embodiment, the description of the parts common to the first embodiment will be omitted, and the description will focus on the characteristic parts that are different from the first embodiment.

  The sixth embodiment differs from the first embodiment in the shape of the cyclonic processing vessel 2 ′ and the shape of the inlet 7 ′ of the cylindrical outflow passage 6. In other words, the cyclonic processing vessel 2 ′ is provided with a substantially inverted conical portion 2b ′ continuously from the cylindrical main body portion 2a ′, and is in the middle of the tapered surface 2c ′ of the substantially inverted conical portion 2b ′. An introduction port 7 'is provided at the top. The permanent magnet member 10 and the shield means 20 are the same as those in the first embodiment.

  The sixth embodiment is suitable for a fluid to be treated containing relatively large magnetic particles, and the permanent fluid is being dropped while the fluid to be treated is falling at a tapered surface 2c ′ of the substantially inverted conical portion 2b ′ with an increased flow velocity. The magnetic particles are attracted to the tapered surface 2c ′ by the magnetic force of the member 10. Then, by rotating the shield means 20, the magnetic force of the permanent magnet member 10 is controlled, whereby the NS magnetic pole 11 that is attracted and the NS magnetic pole that is not attracted are controlled, and the magnetic particles are recovered and discharged from the outlet 4. Is done.

  Also in the sixth embodiment, the magnetic particles j having a high specific gravity are dropped when the particles fall in a swirl flow through the tapered surface 2c ′ of the substantially inverted conical portion 2b ′ of the cyclonic processing vessel 2 ′. As a result, a clean liquid remains in the center, and separation is effectively performed. Further, instead of moving the permanent magnet member 10, the shield means 20 provided between the cylindrical outer cylinder 5 and the permanent magnet member 10 is moved so that the magnetic force of the permanent magnet member 10 is a magnetic force inside the cylindrical outer cylinder 5. Since it controls the action on the particles j, the control of the action / non-action of the magnetic force is reliable and stable.

  In the sixth embodiment, the shield means 20 may be modified so as to be embedded in the discharge portion 2d as in the third embodiment.

  As described above, the present invention relates to a magnetic particle separation device and a machining machine for separating and removing magnetic particles such as magnetic particles in a liquid and magnetic particles in a gas using a cyclone processing container. The present invention can be applied to a magnetic particle separation device for removing processing waste (magnetic particles) contained in a cutting fluid or the like. Moreover, it is applicable also to the to-be-processed fluid in which the magnetic fine particle was contained in gas.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the magnetic particle separation apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. (A) is a plan view and (B) is a side view. The principal part enlarged view of FIG. 1 is shown. It is a figure explaining the positional relationship of the permanent magnet member and shield means of Embodiment 1 of this invention. (A) is a schematic diagram which shows the arrangement | sequence of the N pole and S pole of a permanent magnet member. (B) is a schematic diagram which shows the position of the through-hole of a shield means. (C) is a schematic diagram which shows the state which the position of the through-hole of the shield means moved. The top view of the permanent magnet member and shield means of Embodiment 1 of this invention is shown. It is a schematic diagram which shows the partial figure of the magnetic particle separation apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the magnetic particle separation apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a partial view of the magnetic particle separator of FIG. 6. It is a schematic diagram which shows the magnetic particle separation apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 4 of this invention. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a partial view of the magnetic particle separator of FIG. 8. It is a schematic diagram which shows the magnetic particle separation apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 5 of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the magnetic particle separation apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 6 of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Magnetic particle separator 2 Cyclone processing container 3 Inlet 5 Cylindrical outer cylinder 6 Cylindrical outflow passage 7 Inlet 8 Restriction part 9 Expansion part 10 Permanent magnet member 11 NS magnetic pole group 12 N pole 13 S pole 15 Support frame 20 Shielding means 21 Ring-shaped member 22 Bracket part 30 Moving means

Claims (8)

A cyclone-type processing container having an inlet into which a fluid to be treated containing magnetic particles is introduced from a tangential direction perpendicular to the axis, and having an outlet at the lower end;
A cylindrical outflow passage provided in the axial direction in the center of the cyclonic processing vessel and through which a processing fluid flows out;
An inlet provided at the lower end of the cylindrical outflow passage;
A permanent magnet member disposed outside the side wall of the cyclonic processing vessel;
A shielding means disposed between the permanent magnet member and the inner wall of the side wall, wherein the permanent magnet member shields a magnetic field acting on the inside of the cyclonic processing container;
A magnetic particle separation apparatus comprising: moving means for moving the shield means and the permanent magnet member in a direction perpendicular to a direction in which a magnetic field acts relatively.   The permanent magnet member is characterized in that NS magnetic poles in which N poles made of divided pieces and S poles made of divided pieces are arranged adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction are continuously arranged in the circumferential direction. 2. The magnetic particle separator according to 1.   In the permanent magnet member, NS magnetic poles and non-magnetic poles in which N poles made of divided pieces and S poles made of divided pieces are arranged adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction are alternately arranged continuously in the circumferential direction. The magnetic particle separator according to claim 1.   The shield means comprises a ring-shaped member, and the ring-shaped member is disposed so as to be rotatable in the circumferential direction along the outer periphery of the side wall of the cyclonic processing container, and is rotated by the moving means. 4. The magnetic particle separator according to any one of items 1 to 3.   The shield means is composed of a ring-shaped member, the ring-shaped member is embedded in the side wall of the cyclonic processing container, the permanent magnet member is disposed so as to be rotatable in the circumferential direction, and the permanent magnet member is rotated by the moving means. The magnetic particle separator according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic particle separator is a magnetic particle separator.   The ring-shaped member has a plurality of through holes in the circumferential direction, and the N pole or S pole at the position facing the through hole acts a magnetic field on the inside of the side wall and is not at the position facing the through hole. Alternatively, the magnetic particle separation device according to claim 4 or 5, wherein a magnetic field into the side wall is shielded at the south pole.   The shield means is composed of a ring-shaped member, and the ring-shaped member is disposed so as to be movable in the vertical direction along the outer periphery of the side wall of the cyclonic processing vessel, and is moved in the vertical direction by the moving means. 4. The magnetic particle separator according to any one of 3 above.   The shield means is composed of a ring-shaped member, the ring-shaped member is embedded in the side wall of the cyclonic processing container, the permanent magnet member is arranged to be movable in the vertical direction, and is moved in the vertical direction by the moving means. The magnetic particle separator according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

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