JP2009050085A - Secondary battery pack - Google Patents

Secondary battery pack Download PDF

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JP2009050085A
JP2009050085A JP2007213758A JP2007213758A JP2009050085A JP 2009050085 A JP2009050085 A JP 2009050085A JP 2007213758 A JP2007213758 A JP 2007213758A JP 2007213758 A JP2007213758 A JP 2007213758A JP 2009050085 A JP2009050085 A JP 2009050085A
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voltage
unit
secondary battery
block
balance
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JP4967162B2 (en
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Shigeru Nozawa
滋 野澤
Kazuhisa Nagase
和久 永瀬
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Tokin Corp
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NEC Tokin Corp
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a secondary battery pack which can adjust balance between secondary batteries in each block, and also can adjust the balance of a voltage between each block, in the secondary battery pack to which a plurality of the secondary batteries are connected in series. <P>SOLUTION: The secondary battery pack comprises: a battery adjusting part 23 having a function for monitoring voltages of the secondary batteries 11 in the unit blocks 12, and a function for adjusting the balance of a voltage between the secondary batteries 11; a unit block balance part 24 having a function for adjusting the balance of the voltage between the unit blocks 12; a slave control part 25 for controlling the battery adjusting part and the unit block balance part; a master control part 27 for controlling the slave control part 25; and a composite block balance part 26 arranged at each composite block 13, and having a function for adjusting the balance of a voltage between the composite blocks 13 by the control of the master control part 27. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、複数の二次電池を直列に接続した二次電池ブロックと制御回路から構成される二次電池パックに関し、特に二次電池のブロック毎の電圧バランス調整機能を有する二次電池パックに関する。   The present invention relates to a secondary battery pack including a secondary battery block in which a plurality of secondary batteries are connected in series and a control circuit, and more particularly to a secondary battery pack having a voltage balance adjustment function for each block of the secondary battery. .

リチウムイオン電池等の二次電池では、近年、電動機器や蓄電等の分野に用途が拡大してきており、高電圧対応のための多直化の要求が増えている。また、同時に長期信頼性、安全性の確保や長寿命化などへの高い要求がある。電池パックを単電池を複数個直列に接続して構成する際、信頼性、安全性、寿命の観点からも、理想的にはすべての各構成電池が寿命に至るまで、充放電動作や保存において均一に電圧が推移し、均一に性能が劣化することが望まれるが、現実的には電池単体の性能や劣化のバラツキ等があるため、電圧のバランスが崩れる場合がある。この対策の一つとして、一般的には各構成電池の電圧をモニタし、充電途中に各構成電池間の電圧バランス調整を行う方法がとられている。また、特許文献１には各電池の電圧を検出して、充電途中あるいは充電完了後に電圧の高い電池だけを放電するバランス放電を行い、電圧の低い電池に他の電池より多い充電電流を供給してバランス充電を行う充電方法が示されている。   In recent years, secondary batteries such as lithium-ion batteries have been used in fields such as electric devices and power storage, and demands for multiplicity for high voltage are increasing. At the same time, there is a high demand for ensuring long-term reliability, safety and extending the service life. When configuring a battery pack by connecting multiple cells in series, from the viewpoint of reliability, safety, and life, ideally, in each charge / discharge operation and storage until each component battery reaches the end of its life. Although it is desired that the voltage changes uniformly and the performance deteriorates uniformly, in reality, there is a case where the balance of the voltage is lost due to variations in the performance of the battery alone or the deterioration. As one of countermeasures, generally, a method is adopted in which the voltage of each constituent battery is monitored and the voltage balance between the constituent batteries is adjusted during charging. Further, Patent Document 1 detects the voltage of each battery, performs balance discharge in which only a battery having a high voltage is discharged during or after charging, and supplies a charging current higher than that of other batteries to a battery having a low voltage. A charging method for performing balanced charging is shown.

しかし、上記電圧バランス調整回路による多直化への対応においては、回路の高集積化や電子部品の定格電圧等の都合により、パソコン用電池パック向け等に開発された一般的なアナログＩＣやカスタム開発された専用ＩＣ等をベースとして複数の電池からなるブロック単位で調整・制御回路が構成される場合があり、この場合、ブロック内の構成電池間の電圧バランス調整がなされても、回路構成部品の消費電流のバラツキにより、ブロック間の電圧バランスが崩れるという問題がある。   However, in response to the increase in the number of voltage balance adjustment circuits described above, general analog ICs developed for personal computer battery packs, etc. due to the high integration of circuits and the rated voltages of electronic components, etc. The adjustment / control circuit may be configured in units of blocks consisting of multiple batteries based on the developed dedicated IC, etc. In this case, even if the voltage balance between the constituent batteries in the block is adjusted, the circuit components There is a problem that the voltage balance between the blocks is lost due to the variation in current consumption.

特許第３２２９６９６号Japanese Patent No. 3229696

図２は、一般的な３〜４直対応のアナログＩＣにより構成された従来の二次電池パックの構成例を示す回路構成図である。図２において、３〜４個の二次電池１を直列に接続して構成された単位ブロック２を複数個直列に接続してなる二次電池ブロック３と、二次電池ブロック３の充放電電流を監視する電流検出部５と、単位ブロック２毎に配置され単位ブロック２内の各々の二次電池１に接続され二次電池１の電圧を監視する機能および二次電池１間の電圧のバランスを調整する機能を有する電池調整部４と、電池調整部４の制御を行う制御部６とにより構成され、制御部６は電池調整部４からの電圧情報と電流検出部５からの電流情報を元に電池調整部４に接続された二次電池１間の電池調整部４による電圧のバランス調整の動作を制御する。また、制御部６の制御によりＯＮ/ＯＦＦ動作を行う充電ＳＷ７および放電ＳＷ８と、二次電池ブロック３の温度を監視する温度検出部９を備える。   FIG. 2 is a circuit configuration diagram showing a configuration example of a conventional secondary battery pack configured by a general analog IC corresponding to 3-4 direct. In FIG. 2, a secondary battery block 3 in which a plurality of unit blocks 2 configured by connecting 3 to 4 secondary batteries 1 in series are connected in series, and a charge / discharge current of the secondary battery block 3. A current detection unit 5 that monitors the voltage, a function that is arranged for each unit block 2, is connected to each secondary battery 1 in the unit block 2, and monitors the voltage of the secondary battery 1, and the voltage balance between the secondary batteries 1 The battery adjustment unit 4 has a function of adjusting the battery adjustment unit 4 and the control unit 6 that controls the battery adjustment unit 4. The control unit 6 receives the voltage information from the battery adjustment unit 4 and the current information from the current detection unit 5. The voltage adjustment operation of the battery adjustment unit 4 between the secondary batteries 1 originally connected to the battery adjustment unit 4 is controlled. Further, a charge SW 7 and a discharge SW 8 that perform ON / OFF operations under the control of the control unit 6, and a temperature detection unit 9 that monitors the temperature of the secondary battery block 3 are provided.

このような従来の電池パックにおいては、単位ブロック２毎に接続されたアナログＩＣや周辺回路の消費電流のばらつきにより単位ブロック２間の消費電流のばらつきが生じ、電池調整部４の電圧バランス調整により単位ブロック２内の二次電池１間の電圧バランスがとれていても、単位ブロック２間での消費電流のばらつきに起因してブロック単位で電圧バランスの崩れが生じてしまうという問題があった。   In such a conventional battery pack, variations in current consumption between unit blocks 2 occur due to variations in current consumption of analog ICs and peripheral circuits connected to each unit block 2, and voltage balance adjustment by the battery adjustment unit 4 Even if the voltage balance between the secondary batteries 1 in the unit block 2 is maintained, there is a problem that the voltage balance is lost in units of blocks due to variations in current consumption between the unit blocks 2.

そこで、本発明の課題は、複数の二次電池を直列に接続した単位ブロックを複数個直列に接続して構成される二次電池パックにおいて、各ブロック内の二次電池間のバランス調整を行うと共に、各ブロック毎に電圧を監視して各ブロック間の電圧のバランス調整を行うことを可能とし、二次電池ブロック全体の電圧のバランス調整を可能にした二次電池パックを提供することにある。   Therefore, an object of the present invention is to perform a balance adjustment between secondary batteries in each block in a secondary battery pack configured by connecting a plurality of unit blocks in which a plurality of secondary batteries are connected in series. The present invention also provides a secondary battery pack capable of adjusting the voltage balance between the respective blocks by monitoring the voltage for each block and enabling the voltage balance adjustment of the entire secondary battery block. .

上記課題を解決するため、本発明の二次電池パックは、複数の二次電池を直列に接続して構成された単位ブロックを複数個直列に接続してなる二次電池ブロックと、該二次電池ブロックの充放電電流を監視する電流検出部と、前記単位ブロック毎に配置され該単位ブロック内の各々の二次電池に接続され該二次電池の電圧を監視する機能および該二次電池間の電圧のバランスを調整する機能を有する電池調整部と、前記単位ブロック毎に配置され該単位ブロック間の電圧のバランスを調整する機能を有する単位ブロックバランス部と、前記電池調整部および前記単位ブロックバランス部を制御するスレーブ制御部と、前記スレーブ制御部を制御して前記二次電池ブロック全体を制御するマスタ制御部とからなり、充電時に前記単位ブロック間の電圧のバランス調整を行い、充電完了後に前記単位ブロック内の二次電池間の電圧のバランス調整を行うことを特徴とする。   In order to solve the above-described problems, a secondary battery pack according to the present invention includes a secondary battery block formed by connecting a plurality of unit blocks configured by connecting a plurality of secondary batteries in series, and the secondary battery block. A current detector for monitoring the charge / discharge current of the battery block, a function of being arranged for each unit block, connected to each secondary battery in the unit block and monitoring the voltage of the secondary battery, and between the secondary batteries A battery adjustment unit having a function of adjusting the voltage balance of the unit, a unit block balance unit arranged for each unit block and having a function of adjusting a voltage balance between the unit blocks, the battery adjustment unit, and the unit block A slave control unit that controls the balance unit and a master control unit that controls the slave control unit to control the entire secondary battery block. Perform balance adjustment of the voltage, and performs the balance adjustment of the voltage between the secondary battery of the unit block after completion of charging.

また、前記二次電池ブロックは前記単位ブロックの複数個を直列に接続して構成された複合ブロックを複数個直列に接続してなり、前記複合ブロック毎に配置され前記マスタ制御部による制御により前記複合ブロック間の電圧のバランスを調整する機能を有する複合ブロックバランス部を有し、充電時に前記複合ブロック間の電圧のバランス調整及び前記単位ブロック間の電圧のバランス調整を行い、充電完了後に前記単位ブロック内の二次電池間の電圧バランス調整を行ってもよい。   Further, the secondary battery block is formed by connecting a plurality of composite blocks configured by connecting a plurality of the unit blocks in series, and is arranged for each composite block and controlled by the master control unit. A composite block balance unit having a function of adjusting a voltage balance between the composite blocks, performing a voltage balance adjustment between the composite blocks and a voltage balance between the unit blocks at the time of charging; The voltage balance between the secondary batteries in the block may be adjusted.

また、前記マスタ制御部の制御により、前記複合ブロックバランス部及びスレーブ制御部は、それぞれ前記複合ブロック間の電圧のバランス調整又は前記単位ブロック間の電圧のバランス調整の同期制御を行ってもよい。   Further, the composite block balance unit and the slave control unit may perform synchronous control of voltage balance adjustment between the composite blocks or voltage balance adjustment between the unit blocks, respectively, under the control of the master control unit.

また、規定された電圧モニタ期間に前記二次電池または前記単位ブロックまたは前記複合ブロックの電圧を検知し、規定された電圧調整期間に前記二次電池または前記単位ブロックまたは前記複合ブロックの電圧のバランス調整を行い、該電圧のバランス調整が不要となるまでの間または該電圧のバランス調整が停止されるまでの間、前記電圧調整期間と前記電圧モニタ期間を繰返してもよい。   Further, the voltage of the secondary battery, the unit block, or the composite block is detected during a specified voltage monitoring period, and the voltage of the secondary battery, the unit block, or the composite block is balanced during a specified voltage adjustment period. The voltage adjustment period and the voltage monitoring period may be repeated until the voltage balance adjustment becomes unnecessary or until the voltage balance adjustment is stopped.

また、前記マスタ制御部または前記スレーブ制御部は、前記二次電池の温度の監視機能を有し、前記電圧調整期間と前記電圧モニタ期間を前記二次電池の温度により調整し制御してもよい。   The master control unit or the slave control unit may have a monitoring function of the temperature of the secondary battery, and may adjust and control the voltage adjustment period and the voltage monitoring period according to the temperature of the secondary battery. .

また、前記マスタ制御部またはスレーブ制御部は、充電時の単位ブロック間または複合ブロック間の電圧のバランス調整を、当該ブロックの電圧、電流、または積算容量の値のいずれか１つの値、又は複数の値が予め規定された充電状態を示す値に達するまで行うように制御してもよい。   In addition, the master control unit or the slave control unit adjusts the voltage balance between unit blocks or composite blocks during charging by any one of the voltage, current, or integrated capacity value of the block, or a plurality of values. Control may be performed until the value reaches a value indicating a predetermined state of charge.

また、前記マスタ制御部は、充電完了後、前記スレーブ制御部から得られた前記二次電池の各々の電圧情報を元に該二次電池間の電圧のバランス調整の制御を行ってもよい。   The master control unit may control balance adjustment of the voltage between the secondary batteries based on the voltage information of each of the secondary batteries obtained from the slave control unit after the charging is completed.

また、前記マスタ制御部は、充電完了後、前記スレーブ制御部に前記二次電池間の電圧のバランス調整を行う期間の指示のみを行い、前記スレーブ制御部は前記指示されている期間、前記二次電池間の電圧のバランス調整の制御を行ってもよい。   In addition, the master control unit only instructs the slave control unit of a period during which the voltage balance between the secondary batteries is adjusted after the charging is completed, and the slave control unit performs the instruction period, Control of voltage balance adjustment between secondary batteries may be performed.

また、前記マスタ制御部またはスレーブ制御部は、前記複合ブロック間または前記単位ブロック間または前記二次電池間の最小電圧と最大電圧との差が規定の電圧値を超えた場合、当該ブロック間または当該二次電池間の電圧のバランス調整を開始し、前記規定の電圧を下回った場合、前記バランス調整を停止する制御を行ってもよい。   In addition, when the difference between the minimum voltage and the maximum voltage between the composite blocks or between the unit blocks or between the secondary batteries exceeds a specified voltage value, the master control unit or the slave control unit Control may be performed to start the balance adjustment of the voltage between the secondary batteries and stop the balance adjustment when the voltage falls below the specified voltage.

また、前記マスタ制御部またはスレーブ制御部は、前記複合ブロック間または前記単位ブロック間または前記二次電池間の最小電圧と最大電圧との差が規定の電圧値を超えた場合、当該ブロックまたは当該二次電池のうち最大電圧を保有するブロックまたは二次電池のみ電圧調整を行うよう制御してもよい。   In addition, the master control unit or the slave control unit, when the difference between the minimum voltage and the maximum voltage between the composite blocks or between the unit blocks or between the secondary batteries exceeds a specified voltage value, You may control to perform voltage adjustment only for the block or secondary battery which holds the maximum voltage among secondary batteries.

また、前記マスタ制御部またはスレーブ制御部は、前記複合ブロックまたは前記単位ブロックまたは前記二次電池のうち最小電圧を有するブロックまたは二次電池に対して規定の電圧値を超える電圧差を有するブロックまたは二次電池の全てに対して電圧調整を行うよう制御してもよい。   The master control unit or the slave control unit is a block having a voltage difference exceeding a specified voltage value with respect to the composite block, the unit block, the block having the minimum voltage or the secondary battery, or the secondary battery, or You may control to perform voltage adjustment with respect to all the secondary batteries.

また、前記複合ブロック間の最小電圧と最大電圧との差を規定する電圧値をＶｆ、前記単位ブロック間の最小電圧と最大電圧との差を規定する電圧値をＶｕ、前記二次電池間の最小電圧と最大電圧との差を規定する電圧値をＶｄとしたとき、Ｖｄ≦Ｖｕ≦Ｖｆの関係で設定してもよい。   In addition, a voltage value defining a difference between the minimum voltage and the maximum voltage between the composite blocks is Vf, a voltage value defining a difference between the minimum voltage and the maximum voltage between the unit blocks is Vu, and between the secondary batteries. When the voltage value that defines the difference between the minimum voltage and the maximum voltage is Vd, it may be set in a relationship of Vd ≦ Vu ≦ Vf.

以上のように、本発明は、二次電池パックの電圧のバランス調整において、充電中は二次電池のブロック毎に電圧を監視して各ブロック間の電圧のバランス調整を行うことを可能とし、充電完了後は各ブロック内の二次電池間の電圧のバランスを調整することにより、二次電池ブロック全体の電圧のバランス調整を可能にした二次電池パックが得られる。   As described above, according to the present invention, in the voltage balance adjustment of the secondary battery pack, during charging, it is possible to monitor the voltage for each block of the secondary battery and adjust the voltage balance between the blocks. After the charging is completed, a secondary battery pack that can adjust the voltage balance of the entire secondary battery block is obtained by adjusting the voltage balance between the secondary batteries in each block.

以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面を参照しつつ説明する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

図１は、本発明による二次電池パックの一つの実施の形態の構成を示す回路構成図である。図１において、複数の二次電池１１を直列に接続して構成された単位ブロック１２を複数個直列に接続してなる二次電池ブロック１４と、二次電池ブロック１４の充放電電流を監視する電流検出部２１と、単位ブロック１２毎に配置され単位ブロック１２内の各々の二次電池１１に接続され二次電池１１の電圧を監視する機能および二次電池１１間の電圧のバランスを調整する機能を有する電池調整部２３と、単位ブロック１２毎に配置され単位ブロック１２間の電圧のバランスを調整する機能を有する単位ブロックバランス部２４と、電池調整部２３および単位ブロックバランス部２４を制御するスレーブ制御部２５と、スレーブ制御部２５を制御して二次電池ブロック１４全体を制御するマスタ制御部２７とからなり、さらに、本実施の形態においては、二次電池ブロック１４は単位ブロック１２の複数個を直列に接続して構成された複合ブロック１３を複数個直列に接続してなり、複合ブロック１３毎に配置されマスタ制御部２７による制御により複合ブロック１３間の電圧のバランスを調整する機能を有する複合ブロックバランス部２６を有している。また、二次電池ブロック１４の温度をモニタする温度検出部２２と、マスタ制御部２７の制御によりＯＮ/ＯＦＦ動作を行う充電ＳＷ３１と放電ＳＷ３２を備える。   FIG. 1 is a circuit configuration diagram showing the configuration of one embodiment of a secondary battery pack according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, the secondary battery block 14 formed by connecting a plurality of unit blocks 12 configured by connecting a plurality of secondary batteries 11 in series and the charge / discharge current of the secondary battery block 14 are monitored. The current detection unit 21 is arranged for each unit block 12 and connected to each secondary battery 11 in the unit block 12 to monitor the voltage of the secondary battery 11 and adjust the voltage balance between the secondary batteries 11. The battery adjustment unit 23 having a function, the unit block balance unit 24 arranged for each unit block 12 and having the function of adjusting the voltage balance between the unit blocks 12, and the battery adjustment unit 23 and the unit block balance unit 24 are controlled. It comprises a slave control unit 25 and a master control unit 27 that controls the slave control unit 25 to control the entire secondary battery block 14. In this state, the secondary battery block 14 is formed by connecting a plurality of composite blocks 13 formed by connecting a plurality of unit blocks 12 in series, and is arranged for each composite block 13 by the master controller 27. A composite block balance unit 26 having a function of adjusting the voltage balance between the composite blocks 13 by control is provided. Moreover, the temperature detection part 22 which monitors the temperature of the secondary battery block 14, and charge SW31 and discharge SW32 which perform ON / OFF operation by control of the master control part 27 are provided.

本実施の形態において、スレーブ制御部２５は電池調整部２３からの二次電池の電圧情報及びマスタ制御部２７からの制御情報により電圧調整部２３及び単位ブロックバランス部２４の制御を行い、当該複合ブロック内の二次電池１１の電圧情報をマスタ制御部２７に出力する機能を有し、マスタ制御部２７は電流検出部２１、温度検出部２２及びスレーブ制御部２５からの電流、温度、電圧情報を元に複合ブロックバランス部２６及びスレーブ制御部２５を制御する機能を有する。   In the present embodiment, the slave control unit 25 controls the voltage adjustment unit 23 and the unit block balance unit 24 based on the voltage information of the secondary battery from the battery adjustment unit 23 and the control information from the master control unit 27, and The master control unit 27 has a function of outputting voltage information of the secondary battery 11 in the block to the master control unit 27. The master control unit 27 includes current, temperature, and voltage information from the current detection unit 21, the temperature detection unit 22, and the slave control unit 25. And a function of controlling the composite block balance unit 26 and the slave control unit 25 based on the above.

次に、本実施の形態の二次電池パックにおける動作モードについて説明する。   Next, an operation mode in the secondary battery pack of the present embodiment will be described.

図１に示される二次電池パックにおいて、まず、第１の動作モードにおいては、充電中に電池調整部２３によりモニタされる電圧情報がスレーブ制御部２５を経由しマスタ制御部２７に伝えられる。マスタ制御部２７は電流検出部２１より伝えられる電流情報を元に充電状態と判定した場合、スレーブ制御部２５からの電圧情報を元に単位ブロック１２間及び複合ブロック１３間の電圧バランス状態を検証し、単位または複合ブロック単位での電圧の最小値と最大値の電圧差が規定の電圧範囲以上となると当該ブロック単位での電圧バランス調整が必要と判断し、該当するスレーブ制御部２５を介して単位ブロックバランス部２４を制御し、又は複合ブロックバランス部２６を制御し、単位ブロック間又は複合ブロック間の電圧バランス調整を開始する。   In the secondary battery pack shown in FIG. 1, first, in the first operation mode, voltage information monitored by the battery adjustment unit 23 during charging is transmitted to the master control unit 27 via the slave control unit 25. When the master control unit 27 determines that the charging state is based on the current information transmitted from the current detection unit 21, the voltage balance state between the unit blocks 12 and between the composite blocks 13 is verified based on the voltage information from the slave control unit 25. When the voltage difference between the minimum value and the maximum value of the voltage in the unit or the composite block unit exceeds the specified voltage range, it is determined that the voltage balance adjustment in the block unit is necessary, and the corresponding slave control unit 25 is used. The unit block balance unit 24 is controlled or the composite block balance unit 26 is controlled to start voltage balance adjustment between unit blocks or composite blocks.

上記電圧バランス調整はマスタ制御部２７により同期制御が行われる。すなわち、規定された電圧調整期間に電圧バランスを調整し、規定された電圧モニタ期間に電圧を監視する動作を繰り返し、マスタ制御部２７がブロック単位での電圧調整を不要と判断するまで、または、電圧、電流、積算容量のいずれか１つの値、又は複数の値が予め規定された充電状態を示す値に達するまで上記の電圧調整動作を継続する。マスタ制御部２７により判断される上記のブロック単位での電圧バランス調整要否判定の最小値と最大値の電圧差の規定値レベルとしては例えば数十〜数百ｍＶに設定することができる。また、マスタ制御部２７により同期制御が行われる電圧調整期間と電圧モニタ期間の規定値としては例えば数十〜数百ｓｅｃに設定することができる。また、ブロック間電圧バランス調整を停止する判定条件の一つとなる規定の充電状態を示す値としては、例えば満充電到達前で７０％〜９０％の充電量の領域に相当する電圧、電流又は容量の値を設定することができる。   The voltage balance adjustment is controlled synchronously by the master control unit 27. That is, the voltage balance is adjusted during the specified voltage adjustment period, and the operation of monitoring the voltage is repeated during the specified voltage monitoring period, until the master control unit 27 determines that the voltage adjustment in units of blocks is unnecessary, or The voltage adjustment operation described above is continued until one of the voltage, current, integrated capacity, or a plurality of values reach a value indicating a predetermined charging state. The specified value level of the voltage difference between the minimum value and the maximum value in the voltage balance adjustment necessity determination for each block determined by the master control unit 27 can be set to several tens to several hundred mV, for example. Further, the specified value of the voltage adjustment period and the voltage monitoring period in which the synchronous control is performed by the master control unit 27 can be set to several tens to several hundreds seconds, for example. In addition, as a value indicating a specified charging state that is one of the determination conditions for stopping the voltage balance adjustment between blocks, for example, a voltage, current, or capacity corresponding to a charge amount region of 70% to 90% before reaching full charge Can be set.

次に、第２の動作モードにおいては、マスタ制御部２７が前記電圧情報や電流情報をもとに満充電と判断し充電ＳＷ３１をＯＦＦし充電動作を停止すると、マスタ制御部２７はスレーブ制御部２５からの電圧情報を元に単位ブロック１２内の二次電池１１間の電圧バランス状態を検証し、二次電池１１間の電圧の最小値と最大値の電圧差が規定の電圧範囲以上となると二次電池１１間の電圧バランス調整が必要と判断し、スレーブ制御部２５へ電圧バランス調整を指示する。スレーブ制御部２５はマスタ制御部２７からの電圧バランス調整指示を受けると電池調整部２３を制御し、該当する二次電池１１の電圧調整を開始する。   Next, in the second operation mode, when the master control unit 27 determines that the battery is fully charged based on the voltage information and current information and turns off the charging SW 31 to stop the charging operation, the master control unit 27 stops the slave control unit. 25, the voltage balance state between the secondary batteries 11 in the unit block 12 is verified based on the voltage information from 25, and when the voltage difference between the minimum value and the maximum value of the voltage between the secondary batteries 11 exceeds the specified voltage range. It is determined that the voltage balance adjustment between the secondary batteries 11 is necessary, and the slave control unit 25 is instructed to adjust the voltage balance. When receiving the voltage balance adjustment instruction from the master control unit 27, the slave control unit 25 controls the battery adjustment unit 23 and starts voltage adjustment of the corresponding secondary battery 11.

スレーブ制御部２５による電圧バランス調整は、規定された電圧調整期間に電圧バランスを調整し、規定された電圧モニタ期間に電圧を監視する動作を繰り返し、マスタ制御部２７が二次電池１１間の電圧調整を不要と判断するまで、または、電流検出部２１からの電流情報により放電状態と判断するまで上記の電圧調整動作を継続する。マスタ制御部２７により判断される二次電池１１間の電圧バランス調整要否判定の電圧差の規定値レベルとしては例えば数十ｍＶに設定することができる。また、スレーブ制御部２５により制御が行われる電圧調整期間と電圧モニタ期間の規定値としては例えば数十〜数百ｓｅｃに設定することができる。   The voltage balance adjustment by the slave control unit 25 adjusts the voltage balance during the specified voltage adjustment period and repeats the operation of monitoring the voltage during the specified voltage monitoring period. The voltage adjustment operation described above is continued until it is determined that adjustment is not necessary or until it is determined that the battery is in a discharge state based on current information from the current detection unit 21. The specified value level of the voltage difference for determining whether or not the voltage balance adjustment between the secondary batteries 11 is determined by the master control unit 27 can be set to several tens mV, for example. Further, the specified value of the voltage adjustment period and the voltage monitoring period controlled by the slave control unit 25 can be set to several tens to several hundreds seconds, for example.

ここで、マスタ制御部２７やスレーブ制御部２５は温度検出部２２からの二次電池ブロック１４の温度情報を元に前記電圧調整期間と電圧モニタ期間を調整制御してもよい。また、マスタ制御部２７とスレーブ制御部２５の制御範囲としては、マスタ制御部２７が全ての判定制御を行う形でも、スレーブ制御部２５がマスタ制御部２７の指示により単位ブロック１２の範囲内での制御を分担した制御形態でもよい。また、電圧バランスの調整の対象となる二次電池は比較対象の最大電圧を保有する二次電池のみを調整する制御でも、規定値を越えたもの全てを対象とする制御でもよい。   Here, the master control unit 27 and the slave control unit 25 may adjust and control the voltage adjustment period and the voltage monitoring period based on the temperature information of the secondary battery block 14 from the temperature detection unit 22. In addition, the control range of the master control unit 27 and the slave control unit 25 is within the range of the unit block 12 by the instruction of the master control unit 27 even if the master control unit 27 performs all determination control. A control form in which the control is shared may be used. Further, the secondary battery that is subject to voltage balance adjustment may be control for adjusting only the secondary battery having the maximum voltage to be compared, or control for all batteries that exceed the specified value.

また、マスタ制御部２７及びスレーブ制御部２５は、対象ブロック又は二次電池１１間の電圧バランス調整要否の判断を行う電圧差の規定値レベルを、複合ブロック１３間の最小電圧と最大電圧との差を規定する電圧値をＶｆ、単位ブロック１２間の最小電圧と最大電圧との差を規定する電圧値をＶｕ、二次電池１１間の最小電圧と最大電圧との差を規定する電圧値をＶｄ、としたとき、Ｖｄ≦Ｖｕ≦Ｖｆの関係で設定して制御してもよい。   In addition, the master control unit 27 and the slave control unit 25 set the specified value level of the voltage difference for determining whether or not the voltage balance adjustment between the target block or the secondary battery 11 is necessary, as the minimum voltage and the maximum voltage between the composite blocks 13. The voltage value that defines the difference between the secondary battery 11 is Vf, the voltage value that defines the difference between the minimum voltage and the maximum voltage between the unit blocks 12 is Vu, and the voltage value that defines the difference between the minimum voltage and the maximum voltage between the secondary batteries 11 May be set and controlled in a relationship of Vd ≦ Vu ≦ Vf.

以上のように、充電中に単位ブロックまたは複合ブロック単位での電圧バランス調整を行い、満充電による充電停止後に単位ブロック内の二次電池間の電圧バランス調整を行うことにより、単位ブロックや複合ブロック単位での電圧バランス及び二次電池単位での電圧バランス、および二次電池ブロック全体での電圧バランスが得られる。   As described above, the voltage balance is adjusted for each unit block or compound block during charging, and the voltage balance is adjusted between the secondary batteries in the unit block after charging is stopped due to full charge. A voltage balance in units, a voltage balance in units of secondary batteries, and a voltage balance in the entire secondary battery block are obtained.

なお、本発明は上記実施の形態に限定されるものではないことは言うまでもなく、例えば二次電池ブロックは単位ブロックのみから構成し、複合ブロックを設けなくても良い。   Needless to say, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. For example, the secondary battery block is composed of only unit blocks, and the composite block may not be provided.

本発明による二次電池パックの一つの実施の形態の構成を示す回路構成図。The circuit block diagram which shows the structure of one embodiment of the secondary battery pack by this invention. 従来の二次電池パックの構成例を示す回路構成図。The circuit block diagram which shows the structural example of the conventional secondary battery pack.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１、１１ 二次電池
２、１２ 単位ブロック
１３ 複合ブロック
３、１４ 二次電池ブロック
４、２３ 電池調整部
５、２１ 電流検出部
６ 制御部
７、３１ 充電ＳＷ
８、３２ 放電ＳＷ
９、２２ 温度検出部
２４ 単位ブロックバランス部
２５ スレーブ制御部
２６ 複合ブロックバランス部
２７ マスタ制御部 1, 11 Secondary battery 2, 12 Unit block 13 Composite block 3, 14 Secondary battery block 4, 23 Battery adjustment unit 5, 21 Current detection unit 6 Control unit 7, 31 Charge SW
8, 32 Discharge SW
9, 22 Temperature detection unit 24 Unit block balance unit 25 Slave control unit 26 Composite block balance unit 27 Master control unit

Claims (12)

複数の二次電池を直列に接続して構成された単位ブロックを複数個直列に接続してなる二次電池ブロックと、該二次電池ブロックの充放電電流を監視する電流検出部と、前記単位ブロック毎に配置され該単位ブロック内の各々の二次電池に接続され該二次電池の電圧を監視する機能および該二次電池間の電圧のバランスを調整する機能を有する電池調整部と、前記単位ブロック毎に配置され該単位ブロック間の電圧のバランスを調整する機能を有する単位ブロックバランス部と、前記電池調整部および前記単位ブロックバランス部を制御するスレーブ制御部と、該スレーブ制御部を制御する機能を有し前記二次電池ブロック全体を制御するマスタ制御部とからなり、充電時に前記単位ブロック間の電圧のバランス調整を行い、充電完了後に前記単位ブロック内の二次電池間の電圧のバランス調整を行うことを特徴とする二次電池パック。   A secondary battery block formed by connecting a plurality of unit blocks configured by connecting a plurality of secondary batteries in series, a current detector for monitoring charge / discharge current of the secondary battery block, and the unit A battery adjusting unit arranged for each block and connected to each secondary battery in the unit block and having a function of monitoring the voltage of the secondary battery and a function of adjusting a voltage balance between the secondary batteries; A unit block balance unit that is arranged for each unit block and has a function of adjusting a voltage balance between the unit blocks, a slave control unit that controls the battery adjustment unit and the unit block balance unit, and controls the slave control unit And a master control unit that controls the entire secondary battery block and adjusts the voltage balance between the unit blocks at the time of charging. Rechargeable battery pack and performing balance adjustment of the voltage between the secondary battery unit block. 前記二次電池ブロックは前記単位ブロックの複数個を直列に接続して構成された複合ブロックを複数個直列に接続してなり、前記複合ブロック毎に配置され前記マスタ制御部による制御により前記複合ブロック間の電圧のバランスを調整する機能を有する複合ブロックバランス部を有し、充電時に前記複合ブロック間の電圧のバランス調整及び前記単位ブロック間の電圧のバランス調整を行い、充電完了後に前記単位ブロック内の二次電池間の電圧バランス調整を行うことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の二次電池パック。   The secondary battery block is formed by connecting a plurality of composite blocks configured by connecting a plurality of unit blocks in series, and is arranged for each composite block and controlled by the master control unit. A composite block balance unit having a function of adjusting the voltage balance between the units, performing a voltage balance adjustment between the composite blocks and a voltage balance between the unit blocks at the time of charging; The secondary battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the voltage balance between the secondary batteries is adjusted. 前記マスタ制御部の制御により、前記複合ブロックバランス部及びスレーブ制御部は、それぞれ前記複合ブロック間の電圧のバランス調整または前記単位ブロック間の電圧のバランス調整の同期制御を行うことを特徴とする請求項２記載の二次電池パック。   The composite block balance unit and the slave control unit perform synchronous control of voltage balance adjustment between the composite blocks or voltage balance adjustment between the unit blocks, respectively, under the control of the master control unit. Item 9. A secondary battery pack according to Item 2. 規定された電圧モニタ期間に前記二次電池または前記単位ブロックまたは前記複合ブロックの電圧を検知し、規定された電圧調整期間に前記二次電池または前記単位ブロックまたは前記複合ブロックの電圧のバランス調整を行い、該電圧のバランス調整が不要となるまでの間または該電圧のバランス調整が停止されるまでの間、前記電圧調整期間と前記電圧モニタ期間を繰返すことを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれか１項に記載の二次電池パック。   The voltage of the secondary battery or the unit block or the composite block is detected during a specified voltage monitoring period, and the voltage balance of the secondary battery, the unit block or the composite block is adjusted during a specified voltage adjustment period. The voltage adjustment period and the voltage monitoring period are repeated until the voltage balance adjustment becomes unnecessary or until the voltage balance adjustment is stopped. The secondary battery pack according to any one of the above. 前記マスタ制御部または前記スレーブ制御部は、前記二次電池の温度の監視機能を有し、前記電圧調整期間と前記電圧モニタ期間を前記二次電池の温度により調整し制御することを特徴とする請求項４に記載の二次電池パック。   The master control unit or the slave control unit has a monitoring function of the temperature of the secondary battery, and adjusts and controls the voltage adjustment period and the voltage monitoring period according to the temperature of the secondary battery. The secondary battery pack according to claim 4. 前記マスタ制御部またはスレーブ制御部は、充電時の単位ブロック間または複合ブロック間の電圧のバランス調整を、当該ブロックの電圧、電流、または積算容量の値のいずれか１つの値、又は複数の値が予め規定された充電状態を示す値に達するまで行うように制御することを特徴とする請求項１〜５のいずれか１項に記載の二次電池パック。   The master control unit or the slave control unit adjusts the voltage balance between unit blocks or composite blocks during charging by any one value or a plurality of values of the voltage, current, or integrated capacity value of the block. The secondary battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the control is performed until the value reaches a value indicating a predetermined state of charge. 前記マスタ制御部は、充電完了後、前記スレーブ制御部から得られた前記二次電池の各々の電圧情報を元に該二次電池間の電圧のバランス調整の制御を行うことを特徴とする請求項１〜６のいずれか１項に記載の二次電池パック。   The master control unit, after completion of charging, controls voltage balance adjustment between the secondary batteries based on voltage information of each of the secondary batteries obtained from the slave control unit. Item 7. The secondary battery pack according to any one of Items 1 to 6. 前記マスタ制御部は、充電完了後、前記スレーブ制御部に前記二次電池間の電圧のバランス調整を行う期間の指示のみを行い、前記スレーブ制御部は前記指示されている期間、前記二次電池間の電圧のバランス調整の制御を行うことを特徴とする請求項１〜６のいずれか１項に記載の二次電池パック。   The master controller only instructs the slave controller to adjust the voltage balance between the secondary batteries after completion of charging, and the slave controller is instructed to recharge the secondary battery during the instructed period. The secondary battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein control of voltage balance adjustment is performed. 前記マスタ制御部またはスレーブ制御部は、前記複合ブロック間または前記単位ブロック間または前記二次電池間の最小電圧と最大電圧との差が規定の電圧値を超えた場合、当該ブロック間または当該二次電池間の電圧のバランス調整を開始し、前記規定の電圧を下回った場合、前記バランス調整を停止する制御を行うことを特徴とする請求項１〜８のいずれか１項に記載の二次電池パック。   When the difference between the minimum voltage and the maximum voltage between the composite blocks or between the unit blocks or between the secondary batteries exceeds a specified voltage value, the master control unit or the slave control unit The secondary adjustment according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a balance adjustment of a voltage between secondary batteries is started and the balance adjustment is stopped when the voltage falls below the specified voltage. Battery pack. 前記マスタ制御部またはスレーブ制御部は、前記複合ブロック間または前記単位ブロック間または前記二次電池間の最小電圧と最大電圧との差が規定の電圧値を超えた場合、当該ブロックまたは当該二次電池のうち最大電圧を保有するブロックまたは二次電池のみ電圧調整を行うよう制御することを特徴とする請求項１〜９のいずれか１項に記載の二次電池パック。   When the difference between the minimum voltage and the maximum voltage between the composite blocks or between the unit blocks or between the secondary batteries exceeds a specified voltage value, the master control unit or the slave control unit The secondary battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein voltage control is performed only on a block or secondary battery having the maximum voltage among the batteries. 前記マスタ制御部またはスレーブ制御部は、前記複合ブロックまたは前記単位ブロックまたは前記二次電池のうち最小電圧を有するブロックまたは二次電池に対して規定の電圧値を超える電圧差を有するブロックまたは二次電池の全てに対して電圧調整を行うよう制御することを特徴とする請求項１〜９のいずれか１項に記載の二次電池パック。   The master control unit or the slave control unit is a block or secondary having a voltage difference exceeding a specified voltage value with respect to the composite block or the unit block or the secondary battery or the secondary battery having a minimum voltage. The secondary battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein voltage control is performed on all of the batteries. 前記複合ブロック間の最小電圧と最大電圧との差を規定する電圧値をＶｆ、前記単位ブロック間の最小電圧と最大電圧との差を規定する電圧値をＶｕ、前記二次電池間の最小電圧と最大電圧との差を規定する電圧値をＶｄとしたとき、Ｖｄ≦Ｖｕ≦Ｖｆの関係で設定したことを特徴とする請求項９〜１１のいずれか１項に記載の二次電池パック。   The voltage value defining the difference between the minimum voltage and the maximum voltage between the composite blocks is Vf, the voltage value defining the difference between the minimum voltage and the maximum voltage between the unit blocks is Vu, and the minimum voltage between the secondary batteries. The secondary battery pack according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein a voltage value defining a difference between the voltage and the maximum voltage is set to be Vd ≦ Vu ≦ Vf.
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