JP2009047413A - Leakage reducing venturi for dry low nitrogen oxide (nox) combustor - Google Patents

Leakage reducing venturi for dry low nitrogen oxide (nox) combustor Download PDF

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JP2009047413A
JP2009047413A JP2008208309A JP2008208309A JP2009047413A JP 2009047413 A JP2009047413 A JP 2009047413A JP 2008208309 A JP2008208309 A JP 2008208309A JP 2008208309 A JP2008208309 A JP 2008208309A JP 2009047413 A JP2009047413 A JP 2009047413A
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venturi
liner
annular
weld
channel
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Neal William Grooms
ニール・ウィリアム・グルームズ
Jeffrey Scott Lebegue
ジェフリー・スコット・レベグー
Derrick W Simons
デリック・ウォルター・サイモンズ
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General Electric Co
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General Electric Co
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23RGENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/002Wall structures
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23RGENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/02Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration
    • F23R3/04Air inlet arrangements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23RGENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/28Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
    • F23R3/286Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply having fuel-air premixing devices

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a leakage reducing venturi (18) for a dry low nitrogen oxide (NOx) emission combustor (10). <P>SOLUTION: The venturi (18) includes a substantially annular outer liner (42); a substantially annular inner liner (44); a venturi channel (46) defined by the annular inner liner (44) and the annular outer liner (42) and including a front end (48) and a rear end (50); a front weld part (52) disposed in proximity to the front end (48) of the venturi channel (46) and configured to connect the annular outer liner (42) with the annular inner liner (44); and a rear weld part (54) disposed in proximity to the rear end (50) of the venturi channel (46) and configured to connect the annular outer liner (42) with the annular inner liner (44). <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

本開示は、総括的には乾式低窒素酸化物(NOx)エミッション燃焼器用のベンチュリに関し、より具体的には、乾式低窒素酸化物(NOx)エミッション燃焼器用の漏れ低減ベンチュリに関する。   The present disclosure relates generally to a venturi for a dry low nitrogen oxide (NOx) emission combustor, and more specifically to a leakage reduction venturi for a dry low nitrogen oxide (NOx) emission combustor.

現在の乾式低窒素酸化物(NOx)エミッション燃焼器(DLN燃焼器)のベンチュリに設置されたリベット継手は、燃焼チャンバ内への様々に変化する空気漏れを許す。この空気漏れが、燃焼エミッション並びに燃焼器間のバラツキの主要な要因であることが判明した。   Rivet fittings installed in the venturi of current dry low nitrogen oxide (NOx) emission combustors (DLN combustors) allow for varying air leaks into the combustion chamber. This air leak has been found to be a major factor in combustion emissions as well as variation between combustors.

従って、ベンチュリをDLN燃焼器のライナと組合せるための漏れ低減手段が、望ましいことになる。   Therefore, a leakage reduction means for combining the venturi with the DLN combustor liner would be desirable.

開示するのは、乾式低窒素酸化物(NOx)エミッション燃焼器用の漏れ低減ベンチュリであり、本ベンチュリは、ほぼ環状の外側ライナと、ほぼ環状の内側ライナと、環状内側ライナ及び環状外側ライナによって形成されかつ前端部及び後端部を含むベンチュリチャネルと、ベンチュリチャネルの前端部に近接して配置されかつ環状外側ライナを環状内側ライナと連結するように構成された前方溶接部と、ベンチュリチャネルの後端部に近接して配置されかつ環状外側ライナを環状内側ライナと連結するように構成された後方溶接部とを含む。   Disclosed is a leak reducing venturi for a dry low nitrogen oxide (NOx) emission combustor, which is formed by a generally annular outer liner, a generally annular inner liner, an annular inner liner and an annular outer liner. And a venturi channel including a front end and a rear end; a front weld disposed adjacent to the front end of the venturi channel and configured to connect the annular outer liner to the annular inner liner; and after the venturi channel And a rear weld configured to be disposed proximate to the end and configured to connect the annular outer liner with the annular inner liner.

以下の説明は、決して限定と考えるべきではない。添付図面を参照すると、同様の要素には、同じ参照符号を付している。   The following description should in no way be considered limiting. Referring to the accompanying drawings, like elements bear the same reference numerals.

図1を参照すると、ガスタービン用の乾式低窒素酸化物(NOx)エミッション燃焼器10(「乾式低NOx」というのは、9ppmよりも少ないNOxを意味する)の一部分を示している。燃焼器10は一般的に、燃焼チャンバ12、燃料ノズル14(ここに図示したような幾つかのガスタービンは、各燃焼器内において複数のノズルを使用する)、環状予混合チャンバ16及び漏れ低減ベンチュリ18(ベンチュリについては以下でより詳細に説明する)を含む。タービン圧縮機(図示せず)は、予混合チャンバ16内に空気流を供給する。燃料20は、燃料ノズル14を介してチャンバ16に供給され、燃料ノズル14は、燃料流量コントローラ26によって制御される。空気は、1つ又はそれ以上の入口ポート28を介してチャンバ16に導入される。   Referring to FIG. 1, a portion of a dry low nitrogen oxide (NOx) emission combustor 10 (“dry low NOx” means less than 9 ppm NOx) for a gas turbine is shown. The combustor 10 generally has a combustion chamber 12, a fuel nozzle 14 (some gas turbines as shown here use multiple nozzles within each combustor), an annular premixing chamber 16 and leakage reduction. Venturi 18 (Venturi is described in more detail below). A turbine compressor (not shown) provides an air flow into the premix chamber 16. The fuel 20 is supplied to the chamber 16 via the fuel nozzle 14, and the fuel nozzle 14 is controlled by the fuel flow rate controller 26. Air is introduced into the chamber 16 via one or more inlet ports 28.

燃焼チャンバ12は、その形状が燃焼器中心線30の周りでほぼ円筒形であり、壁32及び親ライナ又は壁34によって囲まれる。予混合チャンバ16から燃焼チャンバ12に流入する燃料−空気混合気は、矢印36で示すように下流方向に移動する。予混合チャンバ16を流出する時に、燃料−空気混合気は、ベンチュリ18の収束/発散壁38及び40によって縮流される。ベンチュリ18によって導入される流れ再循環は、鈍頭体型保炎器(bluff body flame holder)として作用する。これは、燃料−空気混合気を燃焼チャンバ12内に加速させ、燃焼チャンバ12において、燃料−空気混合気は、燃焼しかつベンチュリ18上に非常に大量の熱流束を生成することになる。   The combustion chamber 12 is generally cylindrical in shape around the combustor centerline 30 and is surrounded by a wall 32 and a parent liner or wall 34. The fuel-air mixture flowing from the premixing chamber 16 into the combustion chamber 12 moves in the downstream direction as indicated by arrow 36. Upon exiting the premix chamber 16, the fuel-air mixture is contracted by the convergence / divergence walls 38 and 40 of the venturi 18. The flow recirculation introduced by the venturi 18 acts as a bluff body frame holder. This accelerates the fuel-air mixture into the combustion chamber 12 where it burns and generates a very large amount of heat flux on the venturi 18.

図1及び図2に示すように、漏れ低減ベンチュリ18は、ほぼ環状の外側ライナ42とほぼ環状の内側ライナ44とを含み、これらライナは、燃焼器10の親ライナ34に統合される。外側ライナ42及び内側ライナ44は、前端部48及び後端部50を含むベンチュリチャネル46を形成する。ベンチュリチャネル46は、外側ライナ42内に配置されかつベンチュリチャネル46と流体連通状態になった入口51を通して冷却空気(加圧空気)を吸い込むように設計される。この冷却/加圧空気は、タービン圧縮機(図示せず)によって供給され、ベンチュリ18上に冷却効果を発生する。この開示の目的として、ベンチュリ18は、図1及び図2に示すようなベンチュリチャネル46の範囲(すなわち、チャネル46の前端部48からチャネル46の後端部50まで)を含むように形成されていることを理解されたい。   As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the leakage reduction venturi 18 includes a generally annular outer liner 42 and a generally annular inner liner 44 that are integrated into the parent liner 34 of the combustor 10. Outer liner 42 and inner liner 44 form a venturi channel 46 that includes a front end 48 and a rear end 50. The venturi channel 46 is designed to draw cooling air (pressurized air) through an inlet 51 disposed in the outer liner 42 and in fluid communication with the venturi channel 46. This cooling / compressed air is supplied by a turbine compressor (not shown) and produces a cooling effect on the venturi 18. For purposes of this disclosure, the venturi 18 is configured to include the extent of the venturi channel 46 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 (ie, from the front end 48 of the channel 46 to the rear end 50 of the channel 46). I want you to understand.

図2を詳細に参照すると、ベンチュリ18はまた、前方溶接部52及び後方溶接部54を含む。前方溶接部52は、ベンチュリチャネル46の前端部48に配置されて、チャネル46の前方範囲が前方溶接部52で終端するようになる。反対に、後方溶接部54は、ベンチュリチャネル46の後端部50に配置されて、
チャネル46の後方範囲が後方溶接部54で終端するようになる。従って、図1及び図2の例示的な実施形態では、前方溶接部52及び後方溶接部54は、ベンチュリチャネル46の両端部に配置される。加えて、前方溶接部52及び後方溶接部54の両方は、環状外側ライナ42を環状内側ライナ44と連結する。図1及び図2の例示的な実施形態では、前方溶接部52及び後方溶接部54は、それぞれ前方y字継手60及び後方y字継手62に対する環状内側ライナ44及び環状外側ライナ42の溶接を介してそれらの連結部を形成する。y字継手60及び62は、チャネル46における漏れのない連続経路を可能にし、この連続経路は、ベンチュリ継手を通しての空気漏れを最小にし、衝突冷却のための空洞を形成し、かつベンチュリ18が許容応力で構成されるのを可能にする。図に示すように、これらのy字継手60及び62は、3つのプロング70、72及び74を備えたほぼ「y」字状の形状を含む。プロング70及び72は、継手60及び62をチャネル46の2つの壁に連結する(溶接部52及び54を介して)し、一方、プロング74は、各継手60及び62を親ライナ34に連結する。これらの前方及び後方溶接部52及び54(並びに、y字継手60及び62)を介してベンチュリ18を燃焼器10の親ライナ34と組合せることにより、あらゆるリベット式ベンチュリ継手が不必要になり、かつ燃焼器間における空気漏れのバラツキが最小になる。従って、この溶接法は、燃焼チャンバ12内への漏れにより生じるエミッションを低下させる。
Referring to FIG. 2 in detail, the venturi 18 also includes a front weld 52 and a rear weld 54. The front weld 52 is disposed at the front end 48 of the venturi channel 46 such that the front range of the channel 46 terminates at the front weld 52. Conversely, the rear weld 54 is disposed at the rear end 50 of the venturi channel 46,
The rear range of the channel 46 ends at the rear weld 54. Thus, in the exemplary embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2, the front weld 52 and the rear weld 54 are disposed at opposite ends of the venturi channel 46. In addition, both the front weld 52 and the rear weld 54 connect the annular outer liner 42 with the annular inner liner 44. In the exemplary embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2, the front weld 52 and the rear weld 54 are via welding of the inner annular liner 44 and the outer annular liner 42 to the front y-joint 60 and the rear y-joint 62, respectively. To form a connecting portion thereof. The y-joints 60 and 62 allow a continuous path without leakage in the channel 46, which minimizes air leakage through the venturi joint, forms a cavity for impingement cooling, and allows the venturi 18 to allow Allows to be composed of stress. As shown, these y-joints 60 and 62 include a generally “y” -shaped shape with three prongs 70, 72 and 74. Prongs 70 and 72 connect fittings 60 and 62 to the two walls of channel 46 (via welds 52 and 54), while prongs 74 connect each fitting 60 and 62 to parent liner 34. . Combining the venturi 18 with the parent liner 34 of the combustor 10 via these front and rear welds 52 and 54 (and y-joints 60 and 62) eliminates the need for any rivet-type venturi joints, In addition, the variation in air leakage between the combustors is minimized. Thus, this welding method reduces emissions caused by leakage into the combustion chamber 12.

例示的な実施形態に関して本発明を説明してきたが、本発明の技術的範囲から逸脱せずに本発明の要素に対して様々な変更を加えることができまた本発明の要素を均等物で置き換えることができることを理解すべきであることに留意されたい。さらに、本発明の技術的範囲から逸脱せずに特定の状況又は実体を本発明の教示に対して適合させるように、多くの修正を加えることができる。従って、本発明は、本発明を実施するために考えられる最良の形態として開示した特定の実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明は、提出した特許請求の範囲の技術的範囲内に属する全ての実施形態を含むことになることが、重要である。また、特に指示しない限り第1の、第2の、などの用語のいずれの使用も何らの順序又は重要性を意味するものではなく、むしろ第1の、第2の、などの用語は1つの要素を別の要素から区別するために使用していることに、さらに留意されたい。   Although the invention has been described in terms of exemplary embodiments, various modifications can be made to the elements of the invention without departing from the scope of the invention, and the elements of the invention can be replaced with equivalents. Note that it should be understood that this is possible. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or entity to the teachings of the invention without departing from the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed as the best mode contemplated for carrying out the invention, but the invention falls within the scope of the appended claims. It is important to include all embodiments. Also, unless otherwise indicated, the use of any of the terms first, second, etc. does not imply any order or significance, but rather terms such as first, second, etc. It is further noted that an element is used to distinguish it from another element.

漏れ低減ベンチュリの例示的な実施形態を含む燃焼器の簡略断面図。1 is a simplified cross-sectional view of a combustor including an exemplary embodiment of a leak reduction venturi. 図1の燃焼器の漏れ低減ベンチュリの簡略断面図。FIG. 2 is a simplified cross-sectional view of a leakage reducing venturi of the combustor of FIG. 1.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

10 燃焼器
12 燃焼チャンバ
14 燃料ノズル
16 予混合チャンバ
18 漏れ低減ベンチュリ
20 燃料
26 燃料流量コントローラ
28 入口ポート
30 燃焼器中心線
32 壁
34 親ライナ又は壁
36 矢印
38 収束壁
40 発散壁
42 環状外側ライナ
44 環状内側ライナ
46 ベンチュリチャネル
48 前端部
50 後端部
52 前方溶接部
54 後方溶接部
60 前方y字継手
62 後方y字継手
70 プロング
72 プロング
74 プロング
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Combustor 12 Combustion chamber 14 Fuel nozzle 16 Premix chamber 18 Leak reduction venturi 20 Fuel 26 Fuel flow controller 28 Inlet port 30 Combustor center line 32 Wall 34 Parent liner or wall 36 Arrow 38 Converging wall 40 Diverging wall 42 Annular outer liner 44 annular inner liner 46 venturi channel 48 front end 50 rear end 52 front welded portion 54 rear welded portion 60 front y-shaped joint 62 rear y-shaped joint 70 prong 72 prong 74 prong

Claims (7)

乾式低窒素酸化物(NOx)エミッション燃焼器(10)用の漏れ低減ベンチュリ(18)であって、
ほぼ環状の外側ライナ(42)と、
ほぼ環状の内側ライナ(44)と、
前記環状内側ライナ(44)及び環状外側ライナ(42)によって形成されかつ前端部(48)及び後端部(50)を含むベンチュリチャネル(46)と、
前記ベンチュリチャネル(46)の前端部(48)に近接して配置されかつ前記環状外側ライナ(42)を前記環状内側ライナ(44)と連結するように構成された前方溶接部(52)と、
前記ベンチュリチャネル(46)の後端部(50)に近接して配置されかつ前記環状外側ライナ(42)を前記環状内側ライナ(44)と連結するように構成された後方溶接部(54)と、を含む、
ベンチュリ(18)。
A leakage reducing venturi (18) for a dry low nitrogen oxide (NOx) emission combustor (10) comprising:
A generally annular outer liner (42);
A generally annular inner liner (44);
A venturi channel (46) formed by said annular inner liner (44) and annular outer liner (42) and including a front end (48) and a rear end (50);
A forward weld (52) disposed proximate to the front end (48) of the venturi channel (46) and configured to connect the annular outer liner (42) with the annular inner liner (44);
A rear weld (54) disposed proximate the rear end (50) of the venturi channel (46) and configured to connect the annular outer liner (42) with the annular inner liner (44); ,including,
Venturi (18).
前記ベンチュリチャネル(46)の前方範囲が、前記前方溶接部(52)で終端し、
前記ベンチュリチャネル(46)の後方範囲が、前記後方溶接部(54)で終端する、
請求項1記載のベンチュリ(18)。
A forward range of the venturi channel (46) terminates at the forward weld (52);
A rear region of the venturi channel (46) terminates at the rear weld (54);
A venturi (18) according to claim 1.
前記前方溶接部(52)及び後方溶接部(54)が、実質的に前記ベンチュリチャネル(46)の両端部に配置される、請求項2記載のベンチュリ(18)。   The venturi (18) of claim 2, wherein the front weld (52) and the rear weld (54) are disposed substantially at opposite ends of the venturi channel (46). 前記環状外側ライナ(42)が、前記ベンチュリチャネル(46)内に冷却流体を導入するように構成された複数の入口を含む、請求項1記載のベンチュリ(18)。   The venturi (18) of any preceding claim, wherein the annular outer liner (42) includes a plurality of inlets configured to introduce cooling fluid into the venturi channel (46). 前記環状内側ライナ(44)及び環状外側ライナ(42)が、前記乾式低窒素酸化物(NOx)エミッション燃焼器(10)の親ライナ(34)に統合される、
請求項1記載のベンチュリ(18)。
The annular inner liner (44) and the annular outer liner (42) are integrated into a parent liner (34) of the dry low nitrogen oxide (NOx) emission combustor (10);
A venturi (18) according to claim 1.
前記前方溶接部(52)が、前記親ライナ(34)に連結されたy字継手(60)の両端部に対する前記外側環状ライナ(42)及び内側環状ライナ(44)の溶接を含む、請求項5記載のベンチュリ(18)。   The front weld (52) comprises welding the outer annular liner (42) and the inner annular liner (44) to opposite ends of a y-joint (60) connected to the parent liner (34). 5. Venturi (18) according to 5. 前記後方溶接部(54)が、前記親ライナ(34)に連結されたy字継手(62)の両端部に対する前記外側環状ライナ(42)及び環状内側ライナ(44)の溶接を含む、請求項5記載のベンチュリ(18)。   The rear weld (54) comprises welding the outer annular liner (42) and the annular inner liner (44) to opposite ends of a y-joint (62) connected to the parent liner (34). 5. Venturi (18) according to 5.
JP2008208309A 2007-08-20 2008-08-13 Leakage reducing venturi for dry low nitrogen oxide (nox) combustor Withdrawn JP2009047413A (en)

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