JP2009046645A - Pretreatment method for formation of low-concentration exhaust gas fuel-based emulsion and attachment device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pretreatment method and an attachment device for performing high-level reforming of an emulsion fuel of W/O type or the like. <P>SOLUTION: In a pretreatment for dispersion operation of a main treatment of mixing a combustible agent 2 of oily agent with a low-combustible agent 1 such as water through an assistant followed by emulsion fuel production, a pretreatment operation for microparticulating and filtering an undiluted solution is performed once or twice or more so that fine particles of the undiluted solution before mixing have a particle size distribution spectrum peak value of 30 micrometers or less. The pretreatment operation comprises ultrafiltering the individual raw materials by use of an attachment device provided with a microparticulation part with linear hole for microparticulating operation so that mixing of microparticulated raw materials can be performed by microparticulating the individual raw materials in the raw material stage. According to this, the quality preservation property of a finally produced liquid can be easily improved. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

Technical field to which the invention belongs

The present invention relates to an emulsion solution manufacturing technology, which is a fuel generation technology that mixes water and heavy oil, etc., chemically and physically into a single solution to reduce the concentration of exhaust gas CO _{2 and the} like during combustion. The present invention relates to a technique for enhancing pretreatment so that the property stabilization continues during the period from consumption to consumption.

In recent years, alternative fuels with low concerns about emissions such as CO ₂ from the viewpoint of suppressing global warming, for example, Lius fuel obtained from waste oil production, bio fuel obtained from land crops, oil (O) and water (W) mixed There are W / O emulsions, and these fuels are actively developed. There are two types of emulsions, W / O system and O / W system. Hereinafter, they are collectively referred to as W / O fuel, and exhaust gas is simply referred to as exhaust gas.

Another fuel that has received social evaluation is a W / O emulsion fuel obtained by mixing oil (O) and water (W). This fuel increase the mixing ratio of water, the CO ₂ or the like of the combustion exhaust gas becomes low concentration, but well keep the water mixing ratio or more exhaust gas reduction rate combustion condition has been found that the resulting oil It tends to be a product that is unstable and inefficient in combustion than in the case of single combustion. Here, mixing refers to mixing two or more stock solutions.
The production of W / O fuel is called a physical dispersion method in which the liquid obtained by mixing the stock solution is mechanically sheared by rotating the stirrer, and a peptization method in which a surfactant is added to the mixed solution of the stock solution to prepare the interface. In addition to the chemical dispersion method, in recent years, mixed liquids have been formed into porous membranes (0.1 to 0.2 mm thick) with a constant pore diameter (around 1 micron [μm]), such as hollow fiber membranes that open fine pores. Ultrafiltration that shears the liquid at the entrance of the hole when it is pressed and passed and is refined to a μm size is used, and a liquid film emulsification method combining this method and the peptization method has become widespread. In this hole structure, as shown in FIG. 15B, the opening membranes that tear the cloth and create gaps are stacked irregularly on the multilayer. (Nonpatent literature 1: FIG. 3.11, p63-p66).
In general, these production methods are carried out by mixing the stock solution in the mixing tank to make the final product solution through mechanical stirring, or as another method, for example, by ultrafiltration of oil to form pore shear and liquid film, and immediately after that, the other solution The mixture is produced by a physical dispersion method based on a one-step operation of mixing with a liquid, and a surfactant is injected into the obtained liquid fine particles, and the two liquid fine particles are mixed well while adjusting the interface to obtain the final mixture. To do.
In this conventional process, an emulsifier using ultrasonic waves or vibration, a magnetic field irradiation device, or the like may be used together for emulsification assistance (Patent Document 1: line p5.41).

FIG. 14 is a schematic block diagram of a fuel-based emulsion generation process for explaining the prior art, in which the surfactant 4 is added in accordance with the mixing ratio when the raw water 1 and the oily oil 2 are mixed. Adjusting, injecting and mixing them as pretreatment, then putting them into the mixing tank 7 used together with the dispersing tank, and operating the shearing type dispersing device that adds mechanical stirring to rotate the high-speed stirring blades And the emulsion production | generation operation 19 is completed by making these processing in a mixing tank into this processing. The liquid particles produced by the physical dispersion method using this shearing type dispersion device cannot restrict the particle size distribution band to a narrow range, but have a wide band like the histogram of the relative particle amount and the particle size distribution shown in dotted lines in FIG. Since the spectrum peak value is low, a large number of large-sized particles remain inside. The inflammable large particle size liquid particles are reduced if the histogram can be narrowed to improve the combustibility. FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating the function of the pretreatment method of the present invention and illustrating the fine particle effect.
The ultrafilter is a one-stage emulsification, which replaces the shear type device and performs liquid shearing by filtration without repeating shearing with respect to the liquid. In this ultrafiltration liquid membrane emulsification method, highly viscous oil is pressed through porous pores, and the finely divided oil solution thus obtained is dispersed in a liquid water solution to obtain an emulsion. Generate.
By the way, in the ultrafiltration method used for a water purifier and a pure water manufacturing technique, there exists a process which pre-processes by carrying out membrane filtration of the undiluted | stock solution. In this membrane filtration pretreatment. A flocculant that reacts with the suspended fine particles in the stock solution is added, or the mixture is allowed to stand and settle over time, and then subjected to filtration in this treatment, and is not used in the mixing operation. Hereinafter, regarding the background art of the pretreatment operation according to the present invention, a highly flammable oil agent is referred to as “oil”, and in the examples, heavy oil and light oil are used as samples, the least flammable stock solution is defined as soft water, and simply “water” is used. "And described.

  Surfactants for forming water and oil emulsions include weakly alkaline anions (anions), cations used for emulsification, amphoteric systems used in combination with other active agents, and nonions that do not generate ions. There are (non-ionic) systems. Along with these, a rust preventive agent for protecting the dispersing device and the piping and an auxiliary agent used for other purposes are selected for emulsion generation (Patent Document 2).

In recent years, since the one-step emulsification method cannot narrow the histogram, a two-step emulsification generation method of W / O fuel has been developed in which a porous glass membrane called an SGP membrane is used to perform emulsification by two-step filtration. In this method, in the first stage of the filtration operation, the oil having the higher viscosity is pressed into the porous pores, and the finely divided oil solution exiting the pores is dispersed in the water stock solution in the liquid state. Then, the mixing operation is performed, and the mixed solution is press-fitted and passed through a separate SGP membrane by ultrafiltration performed in the second stage to form fine particles.
Here, the pore structure of the SGP film (0.4 to 2. mm thick) is a cylindrical tunnel structure composed of a collection of different diameters (0.1 to 5. μmφ) as shown in FIG. Yes.
After becoming a mixed solution, the water passing through the porous membrane pores is subjected to shearing at the membrane pore inlet and shaped. Water particles that were irregular before pore shearing are filtered and sheared in the different state. When the press-fitting pressure is removed from the mixed solution after passing through the pores of the membrane, it is considered that the aqueous liquid in the mixed solution is restored and expanded, and a part that has been subjected to high compression is transformed into a large particle size.

However, the W / O fuel produced by the one-stage emulsification method has a difficulty in causing trouble during combustion due to the separation of water during storage and the W / O fuel produced by the two-stage emulsification method is water. Although the separation was not clear, ignitability during combustion and misfire trouble during combustion occurred. Therefore, in the first stage of liquid film emulsification by the two-stage emulsification method, when the oil mixture having a lower compressibility than water and the mixture liquid with water added in the second stage are sequentially ultrafiltered through the SGP membrane pores, It is said that an emulsion average particle size of 0.3 to 40 μm was obtained with a W / O fuel of water 3 and light oil 7 ratio. This indicates that a fine particle emulsion having a diameter of about 8 times larger than the pore diameter is generated, and liquid particles having a broad particle diameter are mixed (Patent Document 3, columns 5 and 7).
From the above points, it can be presumed that when the produced emulsion liquid particles exhibit a broad particle size distribution, troubles during combustion are likely to occur. When the preheating energy applied from the outside and the holding energy carried over from the previous stage of combustion and transformed into liquid particles are transferred to particles of different particle sizes in a wide band, each liquid particle having a different thermal mass size. In order to be combustible, the energy of the external heat scattered in the combustion chamber is larger than the thermal mass of the liquid particles at that position, and the state can be changed from the latent heat state to the ignition state through the sensible heat state. Therefore, continuous heat supply is required. In the misfire, a liquid particle having a large particle size of an emulsion showing a particle size distribution in a wide band tends to be supplied farther than a liquid particle having a small particle size, while the external heat is consumed near the heat supply port. Then, the farther away, the amount of heat supplied decreases, and it can be temporarily assumed that liquid particles having a large particle size are likely to be subjected to a thermal environment below the ignition state. Here, external heat is required only at the time of ignition, and self-combustion is required for the emulsion fuel. Therefore, a continuous combustion environment that is not related to the distance in the combustion chamber is required.

  The above examination results were tested many times, and the results of examining the combustion environment of W / O fuel are shown in the figure. FIG. 16 illustrates combustion characteristics corresponding to the particle size distribution of the filtrate, and is a schematic comparison diagram of exergy regions related to the particle size distribution characteristics. Here, the vertical axis indicates the particle size distribution band of the relative particle amount that is narrow to wide and moves upward, and the horizontal axis indicates the particle size [d] indicating the spectral peak value of the particle size distribution that increases from left to right. And this particle size distribution assumes the histogram of a liquid particle shown when the particle size [d] makes the relative particle amount 100. WB is the exergy of the emulsion liquid created by setting the combustion (ignition) temperature TB as the reference temperature and T as the combustion chamber temperature or individually the liquid droplet temperature. This does not ignite in the negative region, and the positive region is the combustible region. Below WB = 0, the mesh display band indicates a flame retardant area, and the hatched band indicates an area where misfire may occur. Further explaining the histogram state [P] is multimodal, [S] is unimodal, [skr] is on the right side of the particle size distribution, that is, the particle size extends in the range larger than the particle size [d]. [Skl] represents the “bottom”, and “skl” represents the “bottom” on the left side of the particle size distribution (in the range smaller than the particle size [d]), each indicating heterogeneity. [Dn] on the x-axis reference is a particle size indicating the spectrum peak value in the WB line region where misfire does not occur, and [dn + 1] is at the lower limit boundary of misfire occurrence line, [ dn] indicates the particle diameter of the spectral peak value provided on the same reference line. For example, the particle size distribution of the dotted line display shown in FIG. 12 is assumed to be a negative region of WB in the intersection region of the [S] vertical region and the “wide” horizontal region of FIG. 16, and the solid line display distribution shown in FIG. 16 [skr] and “narrow → wide” in the middle of the crossing region, and it shows that combustion does not continue unless efforts are made to refine the liquid droplets.

The main problem is whether the particle size distribution of the W / O fuel droplets is unimodal with a narrow band in the histogram, or whether the particle size [d] can be as small as possible. It is.
From the pore structure, it can be seen that the particle size distribution of the liquid particles generated by the porous membrane pores and the SGP membrane pores is a broadband type. Therefore, if this is collated with FIG. 16, in order to eliminate the cause of the misfire trouble at the time of combustion of these generated fuels, it is not possible to narrow the band due to the hole structure. Therefore, there is a problem that it is necessary to make the particle size [d] small.

In the improvement measures by the two-stage emulsification method for W / O fuel generation configured as described above, the fine particle operation was performed twice in the raw liquid stage and the mixed liquid stage, but sufficient filtration was performed for oil liquids with low compressibility. It was the number of times. However, there is a problem that it is not sufficient for water with a large compression ratio that contributes to narrowing the area. This is because in the verification of the refined state of the resulting emulsion particles, almost no attempt has been made to narrow the particle distribution, and there is a problem with the inadequacy of the quality of the stock solution and the creation of conditions for the size of the liquid particles. There was a point. As a result, if the holding period from the production of the final product to the consumption exceeds several days, the liquid mixture is decomposed by fine particle re-aggregation, which easily causes misfire during combustion, and it is difficult to maintain the quality. There was a problem.
International Publication No. WO2004 / 004881 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-233381 Japanese Patent No. 2733729 Okazaki Atsushi et al., “The story of ultrapure water”, Nikkan Kogyo Shimbun, 2002

  The problem to be solved is that the control of the stock solution particles in the pretreatment stage of the W / O fuel system emulsion is not thorough, narrowing the range of the particle size distribution of the final product through the ultrafiltration treatment operation, Ultrafiltration that solves these problems, with the point that liquid particles with a large particle size are mixed in the particle size distribution, and the ultrafine refinement cannot be transferred to a uniform, unimodal micronization histogram. For example, there is no device.

  The pretreatment method for producing low-concentration exhaust gas fuel emulsion of the present invention is a production method mainly comprising water and a combustible liquid. The target value of the particle size of the peak value is controlled, and the stock solution is granulated until the particle size of the particle size distribution spectrum peak value is obtained so that the stock solution particle size before mixing of the stock solution into 30 μm or less, preferably 10 μm or less. The most important feature is to perform the filtration operation.

  In addition, the accessory device configured for the method of the present invention is divided into a liquid inlet side inflow region and a liquid outlet side outflow region by providing an outer case with an inlet / outlet pipe account and a fine particle part with a pore plate inside thereof. The finely divided part is composed of a single-layer or multi-layer perforated wall body, and the perforated wall body has a width of about 20 μm or less, preferably a single-layer wall body disposed on the outflow area side. Forms a perforated plate with a linear hole that opens to a fine width of 3 μm or less, and a processing burr is left around the hole of the round or linear hole to be arranged to form a molding hole. In addition, a plurality of atomization device bodies can be connected in series to form a single unit and disposed, and according to the amount of atomization processing, a plurality of atomization units can be connected in parallel to form a unit. The most important thing is to configure a micronizer set that enables liquid distribution. Features.

The accessory device of the present invention is an accessory device in which an adsorbing structure is provided, and a perforated plate or a perforated wall body in which a fine-grained portion is formed around the filtration hole so as to project in the inflow region. Main feature is that it has a perforated wall structure that can be attached to the adsorbent structure that is placed in front of the inflow area of the gas and selectively attaches the adsorbent sheet, allowing the deposit material containing the liquid passing through the fine particles to adhere And
Here, referring to FIG. 16, symmetric with the symbols in the figure, the particle size [dn + 1] indicating the spectral peak value is 30 μm or less in the method of the present invention, and [dn] is a numerical range of 10 μm or less. Corresponding to the fine width of the filtration linear hole opened in the accessory apparatus of the present invention corresponds to the condition of the numerical range of [dn + 1] of about 20 μm width or less and [dn] of 3 μm width or less. .

  In the pretreatment method for producing a low-concentration exhaust gas fuel system emulsion of the present invention, the stock solution is individually microparticulated by ultrafiltration, and then the mixed liquid is re-particulated using ultrafiltration microparticulation means. It is prepared so that the stock solution can be ultrafiltered more finely in the next micronization stage, with the stock solution being sorted to a certain particle size range in the first stage of micronization and the particle size selected. In this operation, it becomes easier to further narrow the particle size distribution band of the emulsion forming liquid and shift the peak value [P] to the minute side. The effect of the other auxiliary dispersion treatment, for example, the magnetic field irradiation treatment before mixing, is enhanced by the fine particle formation in the pretreatment. Furthermore, no matter how the mixing ratio of the W / O fuel stock solution changes, narrowing the particle size distribution of the mixture after dispersion helps to uniformly disperse flammable molecules in the mixture. There is an advantage that a liquid can be generated.

  The accessory device configured for the method of the present invention is composed of a fine particle device main body that forms a linear hole as a main body of a through-hole for filtration, and forms a rectangular channel with a longitudinal cross-section of the perforated plate thickness almost the same as the line width. However, on the plane, it indicates the length of a line that draws a single line, curve, branch line, crossing line, and the liquid particle that passes through the linear hole is the case that the liquid particle receives when passing through the round hole The action of relaxing the internal pressure of the internal liquid particles in the middle of the flow path can be obtained, such as different and relaxed compactness acting. For example, the liquid particles inside the hole are regulated in the line width direction, but can extend in the longitudinal direction of the linear hole, so it deforms according to the processed hole shape and balances with the surface tension of the liquid and the internal pressure of the liquid particle Natural fragmentation corresponding to the boundary condition in which the phenomenon occurs is likely to occur. After dividing inside the hole, the internal pressure balance that was previously in the liquid droplet is removed, and a newly relaxed compactness is obtained. In addition to the burr at the entrance, the unevenness present on the liquid contact surface at the center of the hole further chops the fine particle mass that passes through, and the liquid particle that reaches the other hole outlet of the through hole touches the processing burr and enters the hole entrance The same refinement works as it was cut on the side. Immediately after that, the liquid released to the outflow zone has an effect of reducing the degree of expansion and suppressing the generation of excessive particle size.

  Even in the case of such fine liquid particles, if the suspended substance is included in the stock solution stage, the pore opening will eventually be blocked. The adsorption structure provided on the perforated wall body provided in the attachment device to cope with this blocking phenomenon has an effect of extending the maintenance period of the attachment device.

FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a formed emulsion image immediately after the pretreatment method of the present invention is applied, and is an image diagram showing a micrograph of one example thereof, and ultrafiltration is performed in an accessory device body for atomization. When the obtained liquid particles are subjected to a single ultrafiltration operation or a microparticulation operation that is passed twice through the main body of the accessory device in a device connected to a plurality of connected units, the particle size distribution is unimodal as shown in FIG. It is clearly shown that the particles are gathered in a narrow band with a histogram tendency, and at the same time, a particle size shift to the fine particle side can be obtained.
The characteristics shown here tend to shift sufficiently below the combustible area where there is no risk of misfire, in response to the exergy schematic diagram, and when performing ultrafiltration, which is also performed in this operation, This suggests that in the final stage, a clear effect appears on the uniformity and reformability of the resulting emulsion.

  As a pretreatment to mix a low flammable liquid such as water with a highly flammable liquid such as oil to produce a low-concentration exhaust gas fuel system emulsion that performs optimal functions, the raw liquid is pretreated into a fine shape, After that, the purpose of performing the mixed liquid generation operation is to finely divide each raw material individually so that the mixed stock solution can be mixed in a state of almost uniform particle size, and the means for that is to align the opening size with a constant line width As a result, the stock solution is processed so that the peak value particle size [P] shifts as much as possible to the left of the small particle size in a narrow band. The pretreatment effect for producing W / O fuel, which can modify the emulsion formed in this operation, was measured.

FIG. 1 illustrates a basic process performed on a low-flammable liquid in a low-concentration exhaust gas fuel system emulsion pretreatment method according to the present invention. FIG. 1A is a block diagram illustrating an example of the basic process. (B) is a block diagram which shows the Example which adds an electromagnetic auxiliary | assistant process, (C) is a block diagram which shows the Example which adds a liquid mixture micronization process.
In Example 1 of the pretreatment method of the present invention shown in FIG. 5 (A), the low combustible water 1 obtained by precipitating and removing the deposited substances and softening the water with water is subjected to the micronization operation 5 in the stock solution stage, After the outer filtration, the particles are processed into a granulated liquid 1a having a spectral peak value [P] of 30 μm or less (hereinafter referred to as raw liquid particle adjustment), preferably 10 μm or less (hereinafter referred to as two liquid particle preconditioning). Subsequently, the mixing process 3 with the stock solution of the oily agent 2 is performed to obtain a mixed liquid 3a, and the process proceeds to a mixing operation 7 for producing a emulsion for liquid quality adjustment and stirring. The process up to this transition is the pretreatment process of the present invention.
In this embodiment, although not shown here, it is a process on the assumption that the surfactant is injected in the adjustment operation of this process.

The fine particle operation in the stock solution adjustment stage is to produce a W / O fuel that improves the combustion effect even when the mixing operation has a large particle size. For example, soft water with sufficiently low hardness and highly volatile oily agent are mixed. In this case, W / O fuel is produced with a mixture ratio rich in an oily agent, or when it is essential to perform a high-definition ultrafiltration operation in this processing step, etc. In this case, the size of the through-hole of the micronizing device to be used may be provided with a relatively large diameter, and liquid may be passed therethrough.
The pre-adjustment of the two liquid droplets is performed in accordance with the mixed liquid generation conditions that are not included in the operation of the raw liquid particle adjustment stage. The combustible liquid has low volatility and the raw material mixing ratio is water-rich. In some cases, the fine particle size is refined to the highest level in cases where it is necessary to perform the fine particle operation in the stock solution adjustment stage in advance, then perform the fine particle operation, and then perform high-definition ultrafiltration before the mixing operation. The through-hole size of the micronizer is processed into a pore size of 1 μm or less, and the solution is passed through and ultrafiltered.

As a modified example of the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5B, a magnetic material-attached flow path that facilitates dissociation of the filtered and sheared liquid particles from the water granulated liquid 1a obtained in the micronization operation 5 On the other hand, the stock solution 2 that is oil may be changed to the oil particle liquid 2a, which is modified into the magnetized fine particle liquid 6a, and the mixing process 3 may be performed. Compared with the case where this processing is not performed, the comparison result shown in FIG. 12 was obtained from the microscopic observation after the main processing not shown here obtained by the magnetizing processing. I guess it was agglomerated.
Moreover, as shown in FIG.1 (C), you may make 2 liquid grain preconditioning 5b with respect to the said liquid mixture obtained by having further carried out the stock liquid grain adjustment 5a, and may transfer to this process. Although not shown in the figure, a circulation return circuit is provided in a pipe line through which the raw liquid particle adjustment 5a is interposed, and the fine particle is repeatedly passed through the pipe for a certain period of time. The mixed solution 3a may be obtained by adjusting the mixing. By these pre-treatment operations, it was possible to carry out a preventive operation in which excessively large particle sizes of the stock solution particles were mixed in the mixed solution, and inhomogeneity did not occur.

2A and 2B illustrate another embodiment of the method of the present invention. FIG. 2A is a block diagram showing an embodiment in which a surfactant auxiliary treatment is added, and FIG. The block diagram which shows the Example which adds, (C) is a block diagram which shows the Example which adds the micronization process to a liquid mixture instead of auxiliary agent addition, and FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the Example which adds all the auxiliary processes applied to all the liquids and a liquid mixture.
Example 2 is a case where an injection operation of the surfactant 4 is added to the pretreatment of Example 1. The structure shown in FIG. 2A corresponds to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2B corresponds to FIG. 2A. In these two cases, the stock solution adjustment 5a is added to the oil 2 which is a flammable liquid, the fine stock solutions (1a, 2a) are mixed, and the interface adjustment operation is performed at the mixing location.
As the surfactant used here, either a nonionic surfactant or a water-soluble amphoteric surfactant may be used. 2C is an example corresponding to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1C, and is a pretreatment step in which the raw liquid particle adjustment 5a is added to the oil 2 and the two liquid particle preconditioning 5b is performed. Is to advance. The surfactant 4 indicated by a dotted arrow here indicates that one or more surfactants used for the interface adjustment are added to the pH adjustment after mixing the stock solution, and the adjusted pH value is maintained. .
In the third embodiment shown in FIG. 3, this is a preprocessing operation in which all the various steps shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are performed. The operation shown in the dotted line frame is an operation that can be canceled depending on the correlation or reciprocal condition of the liquid to be mixed.

The surfactant used in Examples 2 and 3 of the method of the present invention should take into consideration the effect of preventing rusting in the use pipeline for the entire system for producing an emulsion as well as the emulsifying effect.
By performing the stock solution adjustment 5a and the two-component pre-adjustment 5b for the individual stock solution, the mixed solution 3a to be transferred to the present processing stage has a prior induction effect that the particle size distribution gives a narrowing tendency condition. Therefore, in this operation process, when further micronization operation is performed, the resulting emulsion is narrowed to a uniform tendency, and the particle size distribution changes so that the peak value [P] shifts to the left. There was an effect of easily obtaining a homogeneous solution. Specifically, FIG. 12 shows a clear tendency. In the image diagram shown in FIG. 13, most of the particles have a particle diameter of 0.5 to 1 μm (large / small ratio: 1 / 0.5≈2). Yes, a narrow-band transition effect was obtained from the ultrafiltration effect by the SGP film quality showing a particle size distribution of 0.3 to 40 μm (magnitude ratio: 40 / 0.3≈13). Here, the display image is based on a microscope using a digital microscope GLB-B1500NB1 manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, and the target solution is water 20 (substantially 19.8)%, light oil 80 (substantially 79.4)%, nonionic property. This was obtained when the mixed solution containing about 0.8% of the surfactant was passed twice through an ultrafiltration hole having a plate thickness of 1 mm, a linear pore size of 1 μm, and a total length of 10 μm. It is an enlarged photograph of a liquid grain. And from this image figure, the particle size molecule | numerator of 1 micrometer or more cannot be observed especially. From the numerical tendency indicated by the linear holes and the liquid fine particles, when aiming at “mixed liquid miniaturization”, there is an effect that the liquid particle state can be predicted by determining the linear hole conditions.

4A and 4B are diagrams for explaining an attachment device of the pretreatment method of the present invention, in which FIG. 4A is an overall view showing the basic structure by a side cross section, and FIG. 4B is a partial side cross sectional view showing a particle state in the basic structure. (C) is a partial plan view showing the graining opening, FIG. 5 is a partial side sectional view showing the opening structure of the same, explaining the details thereof, and FIG. 6 is also explaining an embodiment of the apparatus. FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a multilayered porous plate, FIG. 8 explains an embodiment of the perforated portion ultrafine pore shape, and (A) is a partial plan view showing a linear pore shape. B) is a partial plan view showing the basic hole shape, and FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing the embodiment, similarly explaining the composition unit configuration of the apparatus.
As shown in FIG. 4 (A), the first embodiment of the accessory device of the present invention includes a sealed outer case 12 that forms an expansion pipe portion between an inflow pipe and an outflow pipe, and an inflow area of the inflow pipe side space. A microparticulation device 9 is formed and arranged by drilling holes in a partition plate that divides (1) and an outflow region (2) provided with one end open to the outflow pipe and the other end closed. 10 is constituted. The fine particle part is made of a steel plate and has a substantially cylindrical shape, and performs an ultrafiltration operation when the treatment liquid is passed through the hole processed part. The hole processing is performed by using a laser or semiconductor processing technique as a means.
Here, when the accessory device alone is used in the process, it is referred to as a micronizing device 10, and when a plurality of micronizing devices are combined to indicate the entire micronizing device, it is referred to as a device set or device unit 21. A single device unit is referred to as a device body 10.
As shown in FIG. 2B, the fine particle part 9 is made of a steel plate support plate 8a having a plurality of round and square through-holes and made of silicon, tetrafluoroethylene polymer resin (trade name: Teflon), or the like. The soft film 8 is stuck and attached, and the fine holes 15a of the soft film are opened by linear holes whose diameter is smaller than the outer diameter of the through-holes of the support plate.

As shown in FIG. 5C, the fine hole is basically a linear hole having a width d and a length W, and as shown in FIG. u2 is the ultrafine hole 15 in which the lower burr u3 on the outlet side is left on the single-layered pore plate 9a. Here, in principle, all the ultrafine holes of the single-layer perforated plate are processed into linear holes 15a, and the processing of the round holes 15b is exceptionally attached. Here, the round hole refers to an opening in the shape of a perfect circle, an ellipse, a deformed circle, or a deformed ellipse.
In Example 2 of the accessory device, the microparticulate portion 9 is composed of a single layer porous plate 9a, as shown in FIG. 9b is formed and configured as a perforated wall body. The multilayered porous plate comprises a perforated wall body by combining the prefiltration aperture plate 20 facing the inflow region (1) with the single-layered porous plate 9a facing the outflow region (2) via the spacer 16. Therefore, the pores are arranged so that the size d of the pores 15a of the single-layer pore plate is smaller than the size D of the prefiltration aperture plate pores 15b.
The pre-filtration aperture plate 20 of the multilayered porous plate 9b is selectively processed by either the linear hole 15a or the round hole 15b, but the perforated wall body composed of the single-layered porous plate 9a All the linear holes 15a are processed. With respect to the size of these fine holes, in the prefiltration aperture plate 20, the line width or round diameter is 20 μm or less, and the linear hole line width of the single-layer pore plate 9a is 3 μm or less. The shape of the processed holes 15a and 15b of the pore plates 9a and 9b is basically (e) linear and (f) round through-holes as shown in FIG. The surface is an opening having a substantially rectangular cross section and penetrating at a shortest distance from the inlet side to the outlet side.
As shown in FIG. 8 (A), from (A) to (D), the shape of the linear hole is opened by a hole shape of various shapes such as a simple broken line, an intersection line, a curved line, and a chevron line. To do.

Since the linear microparticulate part 9 having such a configuration is adopted, the solution that passes through the microparticulate part has a first action in which cutting occurs due to the size of the hole shape of the passage liquid inlet. In the boundary region where the liquid-side conditions determined by the surface tension and internal stress of the solution and the external force applied to the liquid particle are balanced, the self-segmentation and linear pore shape of the liquid particles that occur when a force imbalance occurs The second effect of cutting due to shape is determined. In addition, the cutting by the burr action of the hole becomes the third action, and the liquid particles determined by being sent out from the forced frame in the hole to the outflow area (2) are the amount that the liquid pressure is reduced by the second action, The ratio of expansion in the outflow area (2) is reduced, and a fourth action of releasing from the bore pressure to spheroidize occurs, and not only during the above-mentioned stock solution adjustment but also in the preparation of the second solution The action works. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 12, there is an effect that the particle size of the liquid is stabilized and uniform.
Ninety percent of the mixture of stock solutions is usually a viscous material, and the multi-layered pore plate 9b is used when it is effectively reduced or when the liquid particle mass is large and double shearing is preferred. If this structure is selected, ultrafiltration of the stock solution can be performed effectively. When the processing amount is increased, it can be made fine through the device unit 21 and can easily correspond to the W / O fuel set amount.
In the above description, the various processing burrs u in the microparticulate portion 9 have been described. However, the hole size of each of the linear hole 15a and the round hole 15b is a line width or a hole diameter of cm or mm, and the hole wetted liquid. By the processing burr remaining in the part, the soft foreign matter can be passed through the hole, and the hole can be sheared and cut into pieces to invalidate the foreign matter. Therefore, the device of the present invention is also effective as a core technology of the soft foreign matter invalidating mechanism.

FIGS. 7A and 7B illustrate another embodiment of the accessory device of the pretreatment method of the present invention, in which FIG. 7A is a partial side sectional view showing a single-layer pore plate structure, and FIG. FIG. 9 is a partial side cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the perforated part of the apparatus, and FIG. 9 (A) is a partial side cross-sectional view showing an aperture structure, and FIG. It is an AA 'arrow directional view.
As shown in FIG. 7, in the third embodiment of the accessory device, pleats or projections 14 b are formed around the pores of the ultrafine holes 15 on the pore plates 9 a and 9 b constituting the fine particle part. In the single-layer pore plate 9a shown in FIG. 5A, the linear hole portion forms a pleated aperture plate 14 that is concave on the upper side when there is a liquid flow from the upper side to the lower side in the figure. The folds and protrusions are processed so that the entire periphery of the hole having the line width d is formed into a concave shape to generate a vortex.
In the multilayered porous plate 9b shown in FIG. 5B, a round hole or a hole having a diameter or a line width D sufficiently larger than the size d of the linear hole 15a opened in the single-layered porous plate 9a. A pleated aperture plate 14 with a linear hole 15 is attached to the inflow region {circle around (1)} side of the prefiltration aperture plate 20.
FIG. 9 shows an embodiment 4 of the accessory device. This is an adhesive plywood shape of a multilayered porous plate, and is provided with pleats or protrusions 14b while the fine particle portion porous plate hole portion remains flat. The crease / projection 14a is located on the inflow area (1) side, and the inside of the crease / opening 14a is a round hole 15b. It arrange | positions so that it may become a mutual shielding relationship with respect to a liquid particle. The soft film is attached to the lower side of the round hole 15b, and a linear hole 15a is opened in the film so as to overlap the round hole.

  FIG. 10 is a partial side cross-sectional view showing a perforated portion for explaining another embodiment of the fine particle portion of the apparatus. Similarly, as Example 5, FIG. 10 shows, in place of the pleats and protrusions, on the inflow region {circle around (1)} side of the single-layer aperture plate 9a or the close-contact laminated ply-type multilayer pore plate 9b. The adsorption layer 17 is provided separately. The adsorption layer captures a fine adsorbed substance and a suspended substance contained in the target passage liquid, and adsorbs the formed adsorbing sheet 17a and beads containing a substance having an affinity for the depositing substance to an adsorbing net or a porous spherical body. It consists of a single layer or a multilayer. The adsorption layer 17 is held by a support 18 formed of a steel net or a perforated plate, and is configured to withstand the pressure of the passing liquid applied to the adsorption layer surface. The through hole of the fine plate facing the outflow region {circle around (2)} is a linear hole 15a.

The finely divided part 9 having an adsorption structure constituting these components contains the liquid stocks 1 and 2 flowing into the pleated aperture plate 14 because they collide with the surface of the projection 14b and flow to the hole 15 so The action of trapping viscous deposits occurs. The line width of the linear hole that is blocked by the filtration inhibitor in the stock solution is a narrow hole with a size of several tens of microns to less than a micron, and the linear hole becomes an ultrafiltration for generating W / O fuel depending on the hole size. Process. The main constricted matter adhering to the ultrafine holes 15 is a slimy alcoholic adhesive, in which fine suspended substances are incorporated. If the place where the passing liquid hits is covered with the adhesive, the deposited substance is likely to adhere to the place and the trapping effect is enhanced.
If the suction sheet 17a is arranged in place of or in addition to the pleated aperture plate 14, the material contained in the used stock solution is verified in advance to remove effective contained deposited material including fine precipitated material. Is effective and useful. Providing the adsorbing layer 17 apart from the pore plates 9a and 9b has an effect of averaging the disturbance of the passing flow of the stock solution flowing into the ultrafine holes 15 including linear holes.
In this way, the micronizer main body 10 having the micronization part 9 with the linear holes 15a inside is subjected to shearing of the ultrafiltration target liquid fed into the outer case 12 due to the size and shape of the through-hole inlet. In the boundary region determined by the first action to be performed, the conditions of the target liquid side of the internal stress, retained surface tension, and viscosity of the liquid particle that has entered the hole, and the physical properties of the inner wall material such as the external force and wettability coefficient , A second action such as self-cutting that occurs on the liquid particle side when an imbalance occurs between them or a cutting caused by a linear hole shape, a third action of cutting caused by burrs u1 to u3 of the hole, When a break occurs in the hole, there is a fourth effect in which the ratio of the liquid particle expanding from the hole outlet to expand from the two-dimensional volume to the three-dimensional volume is reduced by the amount that the liquid pressure decreases. It has the effect of creating an environment where particle sizes are not mixed.
And the effect that dispersion | distribution becomes uniform from the above-mentioned liquid particle observation in FIG. 13, and the tendency that interface adjustment is readjusted and homogenized are also acquired.
In addition, when the viscous intrinsic substance is suspended in the stock solution or when the target liquid is preferably sheared twice in size, the use of the multilayered pore plate 9b has an effect of reducing the cause of the blockage of the linear holes 15b. . In addition, when the through-hole 15 with the processing burr 15 has a line width or a round hole diameter of cm or mm, and a visible soft substance is a living thing, the hole is penetrated and filtration is performed in combination with shredding. There is an effect that can be invalidated.
When ultrafiltration is performed by passing the liquid through the accessory apparatus of the present invention, if the raw liquid particle adjustment is performed once or more in advance in the pretreatment, and the two liquid particle preconditioning performed in the present treatment process is added, the entire production process is performed twice or more. The ultrafiltration will surely help greatly improve the effect of atomization.

  Here, the example using heavy oil and light oil was compared with the comparative example obtained using the liquid film emulsification method. The results are shown in the table below.

  In Table 1, the attachment device of the present invention had a press-fitting pressure 2 to 4 times that of the comparative example. A pretreatment micronization for the stock solution was performed to form a liquid film having a peak value [P] of about 10 μm. As a result, the multimodal distribution that was initially dotted line display distribution shown in FIG. 12 has become unimodal. Here, the comparative example is based on a sample obtained by a liquid film emulsification method using an SGP film, and the multimodal distribution was not unimodal. Further, during the holding period of the W / O fuel obtained by this operation treatment, a dispersion phenomenon occurred within approximately one week due to aggregation of the stock solution, that is, creaming. On the other hand, the W / O fuel after this operation was held for about one month from generation to consumption, but its properties are almost in the initial state, and the state of the flame at the time of the combustion operation is not different from the state immediately after manufacture, and combustion The temperature was also constant.

  The pretreatment technique of the present invention has shown the advantage of shifting to the mixing treatment stage after aligning the particle sizes of the target liquids to be mixed in the stock solution stage. It can be applied to the production of a cosmetic emulsion in which a powder and an emulsion are mixed, and to a medical refinement method to obtain a uniform treatment solution and an ultrathin film. In addition to the advantage of using ultrafiltration micronization means in which a thin steel plate is processed with a linear hole during the micronization, the micronization operation can be performed regardless of the pH value of the ultrafiltration target liquid. In addition to specific target liquids, a wide range of applicable substances can be selected to make fine particles. Therefore, it is very useful as a modification method for a fluid solution that is desired to be finely divided to improve quality. In addition, the linear hole with a processed burr also serves as a means for passing a soft foreign substance into the hole and finely pulverizing the harmful foreign substance into harmless fine pieces.

The basic process performed with respect to a low combustible liquid in the low concentration exhaust gas fuel type | system | group emulsion pre-processing method which concerns on this invention is demonstrated, (A) is a block diagram which shows the Example of the basic process, (B) FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing an embodiment in which electromagnetic auxiliary processing is added, and FIG. 6C is a block diagram showing an embodiment in which mixed liquid micronization processing is added. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an embodiment in which a surfactant auxiliary treatment is added, and FIG. 4B is an implementation in which a micronization treatment is added to all the pre-mixing solutions. The block diagram which shows an example, (C) is a block diagram which shows the Example which replaces with auxiliary agent addition and adds the micronization process to a liquid mixture. FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing another embodiment, in which all the pre-mixing liquid and all auxiliary processes applied to the mixed liquid are added. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining an auxiliary device of the pretreatment method of the present invention. It is a fragmentary top view which shows a particle-ized opening part. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a partial side cross-sectional view for explaining details of an auxiliary device of the present invention and showing an opening structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a partial side cross-sectional view illustrating a multilayer porous plate for explaining one embodiment of an accessory device of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a partial side cross-sectional view showing a single-layer pore plate structure, and FIG. . BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a partial plan view showing a linear hole shape, and FIG. 4B is a partial plan view showing a basic hole shape. The other examples of the perforated part of the accessory device of the present invention will be described. (A) is a partial side sectional view showing an opening structure, and (B) is a view taken along the line AA ′ of (A). It is a fragmentary sectional side view which shows the perforated part explaining another Example of this invention attachment apparatus microparticulation part. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of the composition unit configuration of an auxiliary device of the present invention. It explains the function of the pretreatment method of the present invention, and is a comparative view showing the fine particle effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 illustrates an image of a formed emulsion immediately after applying the pretreatment method of the present invention, and is an image diagram showing a micrograph of one example thereof. It is a general | schematic block diagram of the fuel type | system | group emulsion production | generation process explaining a prior art. The ultrafiltration hole structure of a prior art is demonstrated, (A) is a partial longitudinal cross-section schematic diagram which shows a porous vitreous membrane filtration hole, (B) is a partial plane schematic diagram which shows a porous membrane filter hole. It explains combustion characteristics corresponding to the particle size distribution of the filtrate, and is a schematic comparison diagram of exergy regions related to the particle size distribution characteristics.

Explanation of symbols

1 Low flammable liquid (water)
1a, 2a, 3a Granulated liquid (of low flammable liquid)
2 Flammable liquid (oil, oil-based agent)
3 Mixing process 3a Mixture (particulate)
4 Surfactant / auxiliary agent 5 Microparticulation operation (~ treatment)
5a Raw liquid particle adjustment 5b Two-liquid particle pre-adjustment 6 Magnetic material-attached flow path 7 Stirring / adjustment / mixing process 8 Soft film 9 Fine particle part 9a Single-layer pore plate 9b Multi-layer pore plate 10, 10a, 10b Fine particle generator 14 Opening plate with fold 15a Linear hole 17 Adsorbent layer 18 Perforated support 19 Production operation (for emulsion)
20 Pre-filter aperture plate 21 Device unit (1) Inflow area (2) Outflow area d Width (Linear hole)
u1, u3 processing burr (remaining processing part)

Claims (6)

When mixing low flammable liquids such as water with flammable liquids, the precipitating substances are removed from the stock solution, softening confirmation processing of the mixed stock solution, physical treatment such as stirring and magnetic irradiation, and various chemical agent injection operations In the pretreatment method for producing a low-concentration exhaust gas fuel emulsion to produce an alternative fuel,
Before the mixing operation is performed, the ultrafiltration (5) treatment of at least the low flammable stock solution (1) and the selective ultrafiltration selectively for each other undiluted stock solution (1, 2) (5) One or more times to obtain the particle size distribution spectrum peak value when the operation is performed and the particle size of the particle solution (1a to 2a) of these undiluted solutions is about 30 microns or less, preferably 10 microns or less. A pretreatment method for producing a low-concentration exhaust gas fuel emulsion, characterized in that it is an operation to make a fine particle.   The auxiliary device for performing ultrafiltration according to claim 1, wherein the stock solution is introduced into the sealed outer case (1a) having an inlet piping account of the stock solution (1, 2) to be mixed and the space in the case. Part to form an inflow region (1) that flows through and an outflow region (2) that introduces the micronized liquid ultrafiltered by the perforated walls (9a, 9b) with through holes (15) (9) and a perforated wall body comprising a fine particle device (10) formed by disposing an outlet pipe account in the outflow region, and comprising a single porous plate or a porous plate formed in multiple layers (9a, 9b) is formed as a fine particle part (9), and a fine particle part (mainly a fine plate for processing a through hole (15) whose shape is a linear hole (15a) (15a). 9) Attached device characterized by constituting.   Attachment according to claim 2, characterized in that the linear hole (15a) opening in the fine plate provided with the fine particle part (9) has an opening width of about 20 microns or less, preferably 3 microns or less. apparatus.   The accessory device according to claim 2, wherein the atomizing part (9) of the atomizing device has a forming hole in which a processing burr is attached to a through hole (15) opened in the perforated wall body (9a, 9b).   The micronized part (9) of the micronizing device has a perforated body (9) having a ridge-like protrusion (14a) formed in a protruding shape on the inflow region (1) side on the processing surface around the hole, or perforated An adsorbing structure (14, 17) for attaching an adsorbing sheet (17a) to the inflow region (1) side of the wall (9a, 9b) is added, and a structure capable of adhering a deposit containing the passing liquid is added. The attachment device according to claim 2, wherein the attachment device is configured.   A plurality of atomization devices (10) can be arranged and connected in series in series, and a plurality of atomization device bodies set in accordance with the amount of mixing of the liquids to be mixed (1, 2) are arranged in parallel. 6. The accessory device according to claim 2 or 5, characterized in that the unit liquid is unitized and the liquid to be processed can be uniformly distributed to the unitized apparatus main body.

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