JP2009036292A - Manufacturing method for suspension body or axle spring - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a manufacturing method for a suspension body or an axle spring enabling easy operation for loading a plurality of hard partition walls in dies by reexamining and devising a way of manufacturing and improving production efficiency by completing the loading operation in the plurality of dies for a short time. <P>SOLUTION: In the axle spring, an elastic part 3 having a laminated rubber structure wherein a plurality of rubber layers 4 and the hard partition walls 5 are laminated alternately in radial inner and outer directions in the concentric state with an axial center P is interposed between a spindle 1 and an outer cylinder 2 having the same axial center P as that of the spindle 1. In the manufacturing method for the axle spring, the plurality of hard partition walls 5 are connected and integrated by a bridge 18 maintaining the hard partition walls 5 at predetermined radial intervals and bypassed on one outer side in the axial center P direction, and the plurality of partition walls 5 integrated by the bridge 18 are fitted to the die K1 for holding the hard partition walls 5 from the other side in the axial center P direction. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a suspension body such as a shaft spring, a seismic isolation bearing (seismic isolation device), a vibration isolating rubber, or a method for manufacturing a shaft spring suitable for a railway vehicle, a truck, or the like. The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a suspension body having an elastic part of a laminated rubber structure in which a laminated structure and hard partition walls are alternately laminated. The suspension is defined as a concept including a shaft spring.

  As an example of a suspended body, for example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, a four-layer elastic layer and a three-layer hard partition wall are arranged in the same axial center between a cylindrical main shaft and an outer cylinder. A shaft spring (shaft spring for a railway vehicle) is known. Rubber is often used as the elastic layer of the shaft spring. However, in the structure having a pair of cutout portions such as this shaft spring, a total of eight members including six hard partition walls, the main shaft, and the outer cylinder are provided. By integrally vulcanizing and bonding by rubber vulcanization, a single part is formed as a shaft spring.

  As shown in FIG. 13, the shaft spring is made by setting the main shaft 1, the plurality of hard partition walls 5A, 5B, 5C and the outer cylinder 2 in the lower mold K1, and then covering the upper mold (not shown). Fix it and then inject rubber. In other words, each of the plurality of hard partition walls 5A, 5B, and 5C needs to be placed in the hard partition grooves m1, m2, and m3 of the lower mold K1, but is slightly located at the bottom of the lower mold K1. The operation of inserting the hard partition walls 5A, 5B, and 5C into the grooves (arc grooves) m1, m2, and m3 having a depth of 1 mm was difficult and troublesome. As a similar example of the setting operation to such a mold, there is a building seismic isolation device disclosed in Patent Document 2 (refer to FIG. 4 and FIG. 1 in particular).

  As another example of a suspended body, as the number of hard bulkheads increases, as in the isolator (laminated body) in the building seismic isolation device of Patent Document 2, more time is required to load the mold that was originally difficult to perform. Therefore, work efficiency is liable to deteriorate. Moreover, in the case of a hard partition made of a general sheet metal, the dimensions are often deviated from the intended values (often not the predetermined curvature), and a large amount of labor is required to force the insertion into the groove. In addition to this, there is an inconvenience that the time required for loading the mold is excessive.

Thus, there remains room for improvement in the workability of loading the hard partition wall into the mold in the suspension (shaft spring).
JP 2005-282701 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-153713

  The object of the present invention is to make it easy to load a plurality of hard bulkheads into a mold by reviewing and devising how to make them, and to complete the loading operation into the plurality of molds in a short time. Thus, the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing a suspension body and a shaft spring that can improve production efficiency.

In the invention according to claim 1, between the first support member 1 and the second support member 2, an elastic portion 3 having a laminated rubber structure in which a plurality of elastic layers 4 and hard partition walls 5 are alternately stacked is interposed. In the manufacturing method of the suspension body,
The plurality of hard partition walls 5 are connected and integrated by a bridge 18 that is detoured outside one side in a direction intersecting the stacking direction while maintaining a predetermined interval in the stacking direction, and integrated by the bridge 18. The plurality of hard partition walls 5 are attached to the hard partition wall holding mold K1 from the other side in the direction crossing the stacking direction.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, a plurality of elastic layers 4 and hard partition walls 5 are concentric with the shaft center P or between the main shaft 1 and the outer cylinder 2 having the same or substantially the same shaft center P. In the manufacturing method of the shaft spring in which the elastic part 3 of the laminated rubber structure that is alternately laminated in the inner and outer directions in a substantially concentric state is interposed,
The plurality of hard partition walls 5 are connected and integrated by a bridge 18 that is detoured to the outside of one side in the axis P direction while maintaining a predetermined radial interval therebetween, and is integrated by the bridge 18. The plurality of hard partition walls 5 are mounted on the hard partition wall holding mold K1 from the other side in the direction of the axis P.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the method for manufacturing a shaft spring according to the second aspect, the hard partition wall 5 is formed of two or more arc partition walls 5a, 5b, 5c in the circumferential direction with respect to the axis P. In this case, the bridge 18 is characterized in that it has a lateral bridge portion 18b that is detoured on the one outer side so as to connect the circular arc partition portions 5a, 5b, 5c adjacent in the circumferential direction. To do.

  The invention according to claim 4 is the method for manufacturing the suspension body according to claim 1 or the method for manufacturing the shaft spring according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the hard partition wall 5 is made of a synthetic resin. It is a feature.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the mounting operation of the hard partition walls, which are a plurality of parts, to the hard partition wall holding mold can be performed at once by a single operation. This requires only the operation of fitting a plurality of hard bulkheads that are connected and integrated by a bridge into a single part, so that the conventional work of fitting a plurality of hard bulkheads individually into a mold for holding a hard bulkhead. Compared to the above, the operation is simple and the efficiency can be improved in a short time. As a result, by revising and devising how to make it, it is easy to load multiple hard partition walls into a mold, and the loading operation to these multiple molds can be completed in a short time. A method of manufacturing a suspension body with improved efficiency can be provided.

  According to the invention of claim 2, although described in detail in the section of the embodiment, the mounting operation of the hard partition walls, which are a plurality of parts, to the hard partition holding mold can be performed at once by a single operation. It becomes possible. This requires only the operation of fitting a plurality of hard bulkheads that are connected and integrated by a bridge into a single part, so that the conventional work of fitting a plurality of hard bulkheads individually into a mold for holding a hard bulkhead. Compared to the above, the operation is simple and the efficiency can be improved in a short time. As a result, by revising and devising how to make it, it is easy to load multiple hard partition walls into a mold, and the loading operation to these multiple molds can be completed in a short time. A method of manufacturing a shaft spring with improved efficiency can be provided.

  According to invention of Claim 3, when the hard partition which exists in multiple layers by radial direction is isolate | separated also in the circumferential direction (in the case of a shredded state), the hard partition separated in these circumferential directions is made. The effect of the invention of claim 2 can be obtained by adopting a means for providing a bridge having a connecting horizontal bridge portion.

  According to the invention of claim 4, if the hard partition walls are made of synthetic resin, the bridges are also made of rigid resin, and the whole can be made as an integral part made of synthetic resin material, that is, as a single part. . Therefore, it is possible to provide a method for manufacturing a shaft spring that is excellent in productivity as a hard partition with a bridge, and that is lightweight as a product because of the rigid resin, and excellent in handling at the time of manufacture.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a method for manufacturing a suspension body according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings when applied to a railway vehicle shaft spring. 1 and 2 are a side view and a bottom view of the shaft spring, FIG. 3 is a half sectional view of the first mold, FIGS. 4 to 7 are operational views showing a molding process of the shaft spring, and FIG. 8 is a hard partition wall showing a bridge. FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing an outline of a manufacturing method of a shaft spring, FIGS. 10 and 11 are side views and general perspective views of main parts showing an example of use in a railway carriage, and FIG. 12 is another embodiment of a bridge. FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a conventional shaft spring manufacturing method.

[Example 1]
For example, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, a shaft spring A for a railway vehicle that is an example of a suspended body is provided between each end of the axle box 7 that supports the axle 6 in the bolsterless carriage D and the carriage frame 8. It is assembled in a state having a vertically oriented vertical axis P. The bogie frame 8 includes left and right main frame members 8A and 8A and a pair of connecting frame members 8B and 8B that connect them, and the axle box 7 is attached to the front and rear of the main frame member 8A using the suspension device K. It is supported. The shaft spring A is incorporated as a component of the suspension device K. In addition, 15 is a traction device and 16 is an air spring.

  The suspension device K includes a support arm 9 that supports the axle box 7 and a pair of front and rear cushion mechanisms 10 and 10 that extend over the main frame member 8A. The cushion mechanism 10 includes a coil spring 11 and an inner side thereof. And a shaft spring A disposed on the surface. That is, the outer cylinder 2 of the shaft spring A is fitted and connected to a lower flange 13 which is a lower pedestal of the coil spring 11 in the support arm 9, and an upper cradle of the main frame member 8A which is the upper side of the coil spring 11 is connected. A shaft portion 14 </ b> A of the flange 14 is internally fitted and connected to the cylindrical main shaft 1. The upper and lower loads are mainly handled by the coil spring 11, and the shaft spring A is elastically supported on the front, rear, left and right.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the shaft spring A includes a main shaft 1, an outer cylinder 2 having the same (or substantially the same) longitudinal axis P as the main shaft 1, a plurality (four layers) of elastic layers 4 </ b> A to 4 </ b> D and a plurality of elastic layers 4 </ b> A to 4 </ b> D. Laminated rubber in which (three layers) of hard partition walls 5A to 5C are alternately laminated in the radial inner and outer directions in a state of being concentric (or substantially concentric) with the vertical axis P and interposed between the main shaft 1 and the outer cylinder 2. And an elastic portion 3 having a structure. The shaft spring A shown in FIG. 1 and the shaft spring A depicted in FIGS. 7 and 8 are depicted as those of a type in which the relative positions in the axial direction of the main shaft 1 and the outer cylinder 2 are slightly different from each other. But basically the same thing.

  While the cylindrical main shaft 1 and the outer cylinder 2 are made of metal (iron), the first to third hard partition walls 5A to 5C are made of synthetic resin material from the inside to the outside, and from the inside to the outside. The first to fourth elastic layers 4A to 4D are made of rubber. The length of the hard partition walls 5A to 5C in the direction of the vertical axis P is the longest in the innermost first hard partition wall 5A (shorter than the main shaft 1), and becomes shorter toward the outer side, and the outermost third hard partition wall 5C. Is the shortest (shorter than the outer cylinder 2). The material of each of the hard partition walls 5A to 5C may be fiber reinforced plastic such as FRP, GFRP, CERP, or a composite material. Note that a total of two notches 1a facing each other for positioning and other purposes are formed at the lower end of the main shaft 1.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the elastic layers 4A to 4D are not cylindrical, and are configured by arranging a pair of arc-shaped elastic portions 4a to 4d having a slightly smaller angle than a semicircle symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal axis P. It is discontinuous in the circumferential direction. Similarly, each of the hard partition walls 5A to 5C is also discontinuous in the circumferential direction configured by arranging a pair of arc partition walls 5a to 5c having a slightly smaller angle than the semicircle in point symmetry with respect to the longitudinal axis P. is there. As a result, two thinned portions 12, 12 extending between the main shaft 1 and the outer cylinder 2 are formed. As an example of how to assemble to the carriage D, the pair of lightening portions 12 and 12 are in a state of being directed in the direction of arrow A, which is the left-right direction when the rail direction is the front-rear direction. That is, the elastic layer 4 and the hard partition wall 5 are packed in the arrow B direction, which is the front-rear direction (rail direction or vehicle traveling direction).

  The shaft spring A is created by molding as shown in the flowchart of the manufacturing method shown in FIG. That is, the shaft spring A includes a mold forming step B in which rubber is poured into a pair of upper and lower molds K1, K2 in which the main shaft 1, the outer cylinder 2, and the hard partition walls 5A to 5C are loaded, and vulcanization after that. It is created by a manufacturing method having step C. The mold forming step B includes a main shaft loading step a for fitting the main shaft 1 into the first die K1, an outer tube loading step b for fitting the outer tube 2 into the first die K1, and the hard partition walls 5A to 5C as the first. A partition loading step c for fitting into the mold K1, a mold setting step d for placing the upper second mold K2 on the first mold K1, and a first mold K1 and a second mold K2. A rubber injection step e for pouring rubber into the internal space.

  FIG. 3 shows a first mold K1 which is a lower mold, and the first mold K1 includes a central recessed circular portion 25 for fitting the lower end portion of the main shaft 1, a first hard partition wall 5A (first A first annular groove m1 for fitting the lower end portion of the arc partition wall portion 5a), a second annular groove m2 for fitting the lower end portion of the second hard partition wall 5B (second arc partition wall portion 5b), a third The third annular groove m3 for fitting the lower end portion of the hard partition wall 5C (third arc partition wall portion 5c) and the outer annular groove m4 for fitting the lower end portion of the outer cylinder 2 have the same axis Z. It is comprised by forming in the mold member 17 in the state (concentric state) which has.

  Then, in order to set the lower end surface of the first elastic layer 4A (first arc-shaped elastic portion 4a), the first protruding ring t1 formed between the central recessed circular portion 25 and the first annular groove m1. In order to set the lower end surface of the second elastic layer 4B (second arcuate elastic portion 4b), a second rib ring t2 formed between the first annular groove m1 and the second annular groove m2, A third protrusion ring t3 formed between the second annular groove m2 and the third annular groove m3 to set a lower end surface of the third elastic layer 4C (third arc-shaped elastic portion 4c); In order to set the lower end surface of the fourth elastic layer 4D (fourth arc-shaped elastic portion 4d), a fourth protrusion ring t4 formed between the third annular groove m3 and the fourth annular groove m4 is provided. Are formed with perforations for injection paths 19 to 22 for injecting rubber. These injection paths 19 to 22 communicate with a thick main injection path 23.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the partition wall loading step c is a step of loading the arc partition wall portions 5 a to 5 c (that is, three sets of hard partition walls 5 </ b> A to 5 </ b> C) into the first mold K <b> 1. Here, as shown in FIG. 8, the total six arc partition walls 5 a to 5 c are connected and integrated with each other by a bridge 18. The partition row 5R including one each of the first to third arc partition portions 5a to 5c is connected and integrated by a pair of vertical arm portions 18a and 18a arranged at both ends in the circumferential direction. And these vertical arm parts 18a and 18a are connected by the vertical arm parts 18a and 18a of another set of partition wall rows 5R adjacent in the circumferential direction by a pair of arc arm parts (an example of “lateral bridge part”) 18b and 18b. Therefore, the pair of partition walls 5R, 5R, that is, the six arc partition walls 5a to 5c are a pair of bridges 18 composed of two vertical arm portions 18a and two arc arm portions 18b. Thus, the partition wall group 5G (that is, the hard partition wall 5), which is a single component, is integrally formed.

  That is, the bridge 18 is on the outer side of the hard partition wall 5 on one side in the direction of the axis P (= axis Z) (corresponding to “one direction in the direction of the arrow C in FIGS. 4 and 5 and intersecting the stacking direction”). A plurality of hard partition walls 5 (partition wall group 5G) that are integrated around the bridge 18 are arranged in the other direction in the direction of the axis P (two directions of arrows in FIGS. A method of inserting the hard partition wall 5 into the first mold (an example of a hard partition wall holding mold) K1 and mounting it from the other side (corresponding to the “other side in the direction to perform”) (partition loading step c).

  The partition wall group 5G is formed in advance as a single part by injection molding or the like using a dedicated die (not shown), and the partition wall loading step c is performed by removing the partition wall group 5G as one part. For example, by holding the bridge 18 by hand, the first mold K1 is loaded so that the lower ends of the arc partition walls 5a to 5c are inserted into the corresponding annular grooves m1 to m3. In other words, it is possible to perform the insertion operation into the corresponding first to third annular grooves m1 to m3 of the circular arc partition portions 5a to 5c, which are essentially six parts, at once by a single operation. It has become. In this partition wall loading step c, it is only necessary to fit the partition wall group 5G of a single part, so that a total of six parts, each of the first to third arc partition wall portions 5a to 5c, are individually fitted to the first mold K1. Compared to the work of putting in, it is simple and efficient, which can be done in a short time. In FIG. 4, for easy understanding of the principle, the position of the bridge 18 with respect to the hard partition wall 5 is depicted at a location different from the state of FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 4, each of the circular arc partition portions 5 a to 5 c and the bridge 18 are integrated via first to third attachment pieces r <b> 1 to r <b> 3 extending downward from the vertical arm portion 18 a. Each of the attachment pieces r1 to r3 is configured so as to be easily separated from the corresponding circular arc partition portions 5a to 5c, for example, by being formed in a tapered shape (constricted shape) as illustrated. Yes. Since the partition group 5G is made of synthetic resin, the first to third attachment pieces r1 to r3 are cut and removed at positions just before the corresponding circular arc partition portions 5a to 5c using a cutting means (not shown) such as a cutter blade. It is easy.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the partition wall loading step c includes a bridge removal step j that removes (removes) the bridge 18 from the partition wall group 5G inserted and set in the first mold K1. That is, the bridge removing step j is a step of cutting the first to third attachment pieces r1 to r3 at their lower ends using a cutter blade or the like as described above, and the state where the bridge 18 is removed is as follows. The six arc partition walls 5a to 5c are set in the first mold K1 separately.

  In the mold setting step d, as shown in FIG. 6, the first mold K1 in which the main shaft 1, the outer cylinder 2, and all the hard partition walls 5 are set is covered with the second mold K2 and sealed. It is a process. By setting the first and second molds, a total of eight arc-shaped firsts for the first to fourth elastic layers 4A to 4D are provided between the main shaft 1, the hard partition walls 5A to 5C, and the outer cylinder 2. 1st-4th space part s1, s2, s3, s4 is formed. The spindle loading process a for loading the spindle 1 into the first mold K1 and the outer cylinder loading process b for fitting the outer cylinder 2 into the first mold K1 may be performed prior to the partition wall loading process c. The steps b and c are not shown.

  Although not shown, a pair of protruding mold parts for forming the pair of lightening parts 12 and 12 are formed in the first and second molds K1 and K2. The protruding mold part of the first mold K1 is erected in a state of extending upward, and the protruding mold part of the second mold K2 is suspended in a state of extending downward.

  By the way, the upper second mold K2, like the first mold K1, has a center recessed circular portion 26 for fitting the upper end portion of the main shaft 1 and the first hard partition 5A (first arc partition 5a). The first annular groove m1 for fitting the upper end of the second annular groove m2, the second annular groove m2 for fitting the upper end of the second hard partition 5B (second arc partition 5b), and the third hard partition 5C (first A state in which the third annular groove m3 for fitting the upper end portion of the three arc partition walls 5c) and the outer annular groove m4 for fitting the upper end portion of the outer cylinder 2 have the same axis Z (concentric circles). In this state, the mold member 24 is formed. Moreover, the 1st-4th protrusion ring t1-t4 in the 1st metal mold | die K1 is also formed similarly.

  In the rubber injection step e, as shown in FIG. 7, in order to form the first to fourth elastic layers 4A to 4D, the main injection path 23 and the injection paths 19 to 22 are passed through the first to fourth space portions s1 to s4. This is a process of pouring and injecting rubber. Although omitted in FIG. 7 and the like, an air venting path at the time of rubber injection is provided in a state communicating with each of the spaces s1 to s4. When the rubber injection step e is completed, a vulcanization step C (see FIG. 9) is performed to maintain a state heated (or heated and pressurized) to a predetermined vulcanization temperature for a set time, and a product (shaft spring A ) Is completed.

[Another Example]
As shown in FIG. 12, the partition wall loading step c includes a partition wall group composed of three partition wall rows 5R including first to third bridge arc partition walls 5a to 5c and a single bridge 18 that integrates them. 5G may be prepared and inserted and set in the first mold K1. The bridge 18 in this case is configured by a single vertical arm portion 18a having first to third attachment pieces r1 to r3.

  When each of the hard partition walls 5A to 5C has a cylindrical shape, a pair of bridges 18 having the configuration shown in FIG. 12 is provided, or a part of a plurality or a plurality of hard partition walls (for example, 3 layers out of 6 layers) Alternatively, the bridge 18 may be used to integrate the three layers or the two layers of the five layers. In the case where the plurality of hard partition walls 5 are made of metal, means for connecting and integrating the metal bridges 18 by welding is also possible. Further, the bridge 18 according to the present invention is manufactured at the time of manufacturing laminated rubber (compression type laminated rubber) in a seismic isolation bearing device which is an example of a suspension body, or at the time of manufacturing a vehicle shaft spring having a shear type laminated rubber such as a conical stopper. It is possible to apply to.

Cross section of shaft spring Bottom view of the shaft spring of FIG. Half sectional view showing the first mold Action diagram showing bulkhead loading process Action diagram showing bridge removal process Action diagram showing the second mold mounting process Action diagram showing rubber injection process Top view of hard bulkhead showing bridge Flow chart showing a method for manufacturing a shaft spring Partially cutaway side view of the main part of a railway carriage showing an example of the use of a shaft spring Overall perspective view of the overhead view showing the schematic configuration of the railway carriage The perspective view of the hard partition which shows another example of a bridge Operational diagram showing a conventional method of manufacturing a shaft spring

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 1st support member, main shaft 2 2nd support member, outer cylinder 3 Elastic part 4 Elastic layer 5 Hard partition 5a-5c Arc partition part 18 Bridge 18b Lateral bridge part A Suspension body, Shaft spring K1 Hard partition holding mold P Axis

Claims (4)

A method for manufacturing a suspension body in which an elastic part of a laminated rubber structure in which a plurality of elastic layers and hard partition walls are alternately stacked is interposed between a first support member and a second support member,
The plurality of hard partition walls are connected and integrated by a bridge that is detoured outside one of the directions intersecting the stacking direction while maintaining the predetermined interval in the stacking direction, and integrated by the bridge. A method for manufacturing a suspension body, wherein a plurality of hard partition walls are attached to a hard partition wall holding mold from the other side in a direction crossing the stacking direction. Laminated rubber in which a plurality of elastic layers and hard partition walls are alternately laminated in the inner and outer directions concentrically or substantially concentrically with the shaft center between the main shaft and the outer cylinder having the same or substantially the same shaft center. A method of manufacturing a shaft spring comprising an elastic part of a structure,
The plurality of hard partition walls are connected and integrated by a bridge that is detoured to one outside in the axial direction while maintaining a predetermined radial interval therebetween, and the plurality of hard partitions integrated by the bridge A manufacturing method of a shaft spring in which a partition wall is mounted on a hard partition wall holding mold from the other side in the axial direction.   When the hard partition is formed of two or more arc partition portions in the circumferential direction with respect to the shaft center, the arc partition portions adjacent in the circumferential direction are arranged around the outside of the one as the bridge. The manufacturing method of the axial spring of Claim 2 using what has a horizontal bridge part.   The method for manufacturing a suspension body according to claim 1, or the method for manufacturing a shaft spring according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the hard partition wall is made of a synthetic resin.

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