JP2009028817A - Housing of machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide the housing of a machine tool, which housing can realize the light weight of the housing and the easiness of manufacturing the housing while securing the stiffness and the noise preventing characteristics necessary for it. <P>SOLUTION: In the housing 3 of the machine tool 1 formed with a plurality of wall members 11 to 16 connected with each other, the wall members are laminated such that a plurality of metallic plates are not fixed to each other. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a housing of a machine tool, and relates to a technique for forming a housing of a machine tool such as a broaching machine.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a broaching machine is known as a machine tool that cuts the surface or inner surface of a workpiece by relatively moving the broach and the workpiece (workpiece) (see Patent Document 1). The housing of this type of machine tool is required to suppress noise and vibration during processing while ensuring necessary rigidity in a state where each machine element is accommodated. Is generally known.

JP-A-6-277937

  However, in the conventional technique described in Patent Document 1, the housing is relatively large in size, so that the manufacture thereof is not easy. In addition, when the shape or size of the housing is changed, the mold is updated. Therefore, there is a problem that it is not suitable for machine tools that are produced in small quantities. Further, the cast iron housing has a problem that the weight of the machine tool is hindered because the weight is relatively large.

  The present invention has been devised in view of such problems of the prior art, and is a machine tool housing capable of realizing weight reduction and ease of manufacture while ensuring necessary rigidity and noise prevention characteristics. The purpose is to provide.

  A first invention made to solve the above problems is a housing (3) of a machine tool (1) formed by a plurality of wall members (11 to 16) fastened to each other, and the wall member Has a configuration in which a plurality of metal plates are stacked in a state where they are not fixed to each other.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention for solving the above-described problems, the wall member is provided with a fitting portion (11a, 51a) on one wall member and the fitting on the other wall member at the time of mutual fastening. It can be set as the structure provided with the to-be-fitted part (15a, 15b, 16a, 16b) by which a part is fitted.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the housing of the machine tool has an excellent effect of being able to realize weight reduction and easy manufacture while ensuring necessary rigidity and noise prevention characteristics. According to the said 2nd invention, it becomes easy to laminate | stack the several metal plate which comprises the wall part of a housing in the state which is not mutually fixed.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

   1 is a perspective view of a broaching machine according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the broaching machine as viewed from the front, FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 2, and FIG. It is IV-IV sectional drawing of.

  The broaching machine 1 is for performing a desired cutting process on the inner surface of the work 2. In the housing 3, the broach 4 whose axis is arranged in the vertical direction and the cutting direction (here, vertically upward). A pair of screw shafts 5 arranged in parallel to each other, and arranged between the screw shafts 5 in a state of being screwed to the screw shafts 5, and vertically along the axis of the broach 4 by the rotation of the screw shaft 5. And a work holder 6 to be driven.

  The housing 3 includes a main body portion 7 formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape by a plurality of wall members fastened to each other, and leg portions 8 that support the main body portion 7. In the present embodiment, the configuration of the housing 3 includes six main wall members (upper wall 11, lower wall 12, left wall 13, right wall 14, front wall 15, and rear wall 16) constituting the main body 7. Pay attention to the explanation. The walls 11 to 16 are laminated in a state where a plurality of relatively thin metal plates (for example, 5 mm thick) are not fixed to each other (that is, not welded to each other). As the metal plate, for example, a metal plate processed into a desired shape using a laser processing machine can be used. Although details will be described later, the walls 11 to 16 are fitted to each other with a fitting portion provided on one wall when a plurality of fasteners (bolts and nuts) 17 are fastened to each other. It will be in the state fitted by the part, and the process of welding etc. is made unnecessary by this.

  By forming the housing 3 in this way, it is possible to achieve weight reduction and ease of manufacture while ensuring necessary rigidity and noise prevention characteristics as a housing of a machine tool. Further, unlike the case of a conventional cast iron housing, there is an advantage that the shape and size of the housing can be easily changed as necessary.

  Although not shown in detail, the broach 4 has a blade portion 23 in which bowl-shaped cutting blades (rough blades, finishing blades, etc.) are stacked between a front grip portion 21 positioned at the lower end and a rear grip portion 22 positioned at the upper end. Is a known cutting tool. The broach 4 is disposed approximately in the middle of the two screw shafts 5. As shown in FIG. 2, during the cutting process, the front gripping portion 21 of the broach 4 is fixedly supported by the lower holder 24 attached to the lower wall 12 of the housing, while the rear gripping portion 22 is released. State. The front gripping portion 21 and the rear gripping portion 22 have shapes that can be stably clamped and fixed to a lower holder 24 and an upper holder 71 (see FIG. 10) having a chuck mechanism, respectively. Note that the shape and size of the broach 4 can be variously changed in accordance with required processing (for example, round hole processing, square hole processing, spline processing, etc.).

  The screw shaft 5 has a screw groove formed on the outer peripheral surface of a metal rod, and these are rotatably supported by a bearing 31 and a bearing 32 attached to the upper wall 11 and the lower wall 12 of the housing 3, respectively. The As the bearings 31 and 32, for example, general-purpose bearings having an automatic alignment function can be used. Further, the screw shaft 5 has a pulley 33 attached to the lower end thereof, and as shown in FIG. 4, a chain 36 wound between the two pulleys 33 and the pulley 35 of the geared motor 34 is used for the motor 34. It is driven to rotate by transmitting power. The motor 34 is attached to the housing 3 by a motor support member 37, and its operation is controlled by a control device including an inverter and a sequencer (not shown).

  By adopting such a configuration, the screw shaft 5 can be rotated synchronously with high driving efficiency while the structure is simple, and it becomes possible to reduce manufacturing costs and running costs.

  The work holder 6 has a pair of support plates 41 whose shape viewed from the front side is substantially U-shaped. These support plates 41 are arranged in parallel at regular intervals in the front-rear direction of the housing 3 so as to sandwich the screw shaft 5. In FIG. 2, for convenience of explanation, the front side support plate is omitted (the same applies to FIGS. 8 to 10). Between the support plates 41, two ball screw nuts (female screw portions) 42 that are screwed to the screw shaft 5 to form a ball screw together with the screw shaft 5, and the workpiece 2 are fixedly supported during the cutting process. A work cradle 43 is attached. The ball screw nut 42 is attached to the support plate 41 via a nut holder 44. In addition, an opening 43 a through which the broach 4 is inserted is provided at the center of the work cradle 43.

  In the work holder 6, the ball screw nut 42 is disposed on the upper part of the work holder 6 (immediately above both sides of the U shape), while the work receiving base 43 is disposed on the lower part of the work holder (upper surface of the center of the U shape). The In other words, the workpiece cradle 43 is arranged on the lower side in the vertical direction than the ball screw nut 42 (backward with respect to the cutting direction of the workpiece 2).

  The configuration of the work holder 6 is not limited to that shown in the present embodiment. However, by configuring the work holder 6 as described above, the workpiece holder 6 is placed in a state where the workpiece 2 can be visually recognized during the cutting process. It becomes easy to arrange the base 43 below the ball screw nut 42 in the vertical direction.

  Next, the detailed structure of the housing in the broaching machine will be described with reference to FIGS. Here, FIG. 5 is an enlarged front view showing the upper part of the broaching machine, FIG. 6 is a part of the VI-VI sectional view of FIG. 2, and FIG. 7 is the VII-VII sectional view of FIG. .

  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the left wall 13 (the same applies to the right wall 14) is formed by laminating a first wall 51 in which three metal plates are laminated and two metal plates arranged outside the first wall 51. It consists of the second wall 52. A plurality of openings (fitted parts) 15 a provided in the front wall 15 and a plurality of openings provided in the rear wall 16 (on the side walls) of the first wall 51 (the same applies to the second wall 52) A plurality of convex portions (fitting portions) 51a that can be fitted to the fitted portion) 16a are provided.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 7, the upper wall 11 has a structure in which four metal plates are laminated, and a plurality of openings 15b provided in the front wall 15 and a plurality of openings 15b on both side edges. A plurality of convex portions 11a that can be respectively fitted to the plurality of openings 16b provided in the rear wall 16 are provided.

  When the housing 3 is assembled, the plurality of protrusions 51a of the left wall 13 are fitted into the plurality of openings 15a and 16a of the front wall 15 and the rear wall 16, respectively, With the plurality of fasteners 17 inserted between the first wall 51 and the second wall 52 in a state where the convex portion 11a is fitted into the plurality of openings 15b and 16b of the front wall 15 and the rear wall 16, respectively. Make a conclusion.

  Since the housing 3 configured in this way can maintain good assembly accuracy without causing residual stress as in the case where the housing is formed by welding a metal plate, the accuracy of the cutting process in the broaching machine 1 can be improved. It becomes possible to improve.

  The same applies to the other walls not mentioned here. Further, the shape and arrangement of the fitting portion and the fitted portion formed on the metal plate can be variously changed, for example, a concave portion in which the convex portion is fitted to the peripheral edge of the wall instead of the opening portion. It may be provided. Furthermore, the structure which pinched | interposed the plate-shaped members (for example, resin-made films etc.) other than a metal between each metal plate is also possible.

  Next, the operation procedure of the broaching machine having the above configuration will be described with reference to FIG. 2 and FIGS. Here, FIG. 2 shows a state in which the work and broach are set before the start of cutting, FIG. 8 shows a state in which the work holder is rising after the start of cutting, and FIG. 9 shows that the work holder is at the upper limit position after the end of cutting. FIG. 10 shows a state in which the broach is removed from the lower holder for the next cutting preparation.

  When cutting is performed on the broaching machine 1, first, the work and the broach are set at predetermined positions. At this time, as shown in FIG. 10, the broach 4 is fixedly supported by an upper holder 71 on which the grip portion 22 is provided so as to be movable up and down. In this state where the broach 4 is suspended, the work 2 is carried in by an unillustrated unloading device, manual work, or the like, and fixedly supported by the work receiving base 43 at the lower limit position. The workpiece 2 before cutting is provided with an appropriate size of pilot hole.

  Thereafter, by lowering the upper holder 71, as shown in FIG. 2, the front gripping portion 21 of the broach 4 is passed through the pilot hole of the workpiece 2 and the opening 43 a of the workpiece receiving base 43 and fixed to the lower holder 21. Supported. On the other hand, the fixing of the rear grip 22 by the upper holder 71 is released, and the upper holder 71 rises to a retracted position (not shown) that does not interfere with the work holder 6 during the cutting process.

  Next, when the motor is started and the screw shaft 5 is driven to rotate, the work holder 6 starts to rise as shown in FIG. 8, thereby cutting the work 2. At this time, a downward cutting force F1 by the blade of the broach 4 acts on the inner surface of the hole 2a of the workpiece 2 as in the case of FIGS. Further, a driving force F2 due to the rotation of the screw shaft 5 acts on the ball screw nut 42 vertically upward.

  Here, the broaching machine 1 is configured such that the work cradle 43 is disposed below the ball screw nut 42 in the vertical direction, and the application site of the cutting force F1 is positioned below the application site of the driving force F2. Has been. Therefore, the cutting force does not act in the direction of tilting the workpiece cradle as in the case of FIG. 12 described above, and the workpiece 2 is moved along the axis of the broach 4 by the balance between the cutting force F1 and the driving force F2. Aligning action to raise works. Thereby, it becomes possible to move the workpiece 2 in the cutting direction with high accuracy in the cutting process while having a small and simple configuration.

  Subsequently, when the work holder 6 is further raised from the state shown in FIG. 8 to reach the upper limit position, the motor (rotation of the screw shaft 5) is stopped and the cutting ends. At this time, the broach 4 comes out of the hole 2a of the workpiece 2 as shown in FIG. The processed workpiece 2 on the workpiece cradle 43 is unloaded by an unillustrated unloading device or manual work, and preparation for cutting the next workpiece is started. After the workpiece 2 is taken out, the screw shaft 5 is rotationally driven in the reverse direction by the motor, and the workpiece holder 6 is returned to the lower limit position again. Then, the fixing of the front gripping portion 21 by the lower holder 24 is released, and the rear gripping portion 22 of the broach 4 is gripped by the upper holder 71 to be in the state shown in FIG. Thereafter, the same cutting process as described above can be repeatedly executed.

  Although this invention was demonstrated in detail based on specific embodiment, these embodiment is an illustration to the last and this invention is not limited by these embodiment. For example, the present invention is applicable not only to a vertical broaching machine but also to a horizontal broaching machine. Further, the above-described configuration of the housing can be applied not only to the broaching machine but also to other machine tool housings. Furthermore, the structure which laminated | stacked the metal plate like the wall of the above-mentioned housing is applicable similarly about members other than those walls (for example, support plate of a work holder).

The perspective view of the broaching machine which concerns on this invention Longitudinal sectional view of broaching machine as seen from the front III-III sectional view of FIG. IV-IV sectional view of FIG. Front view showing enlarged upper part of broaching machine VI-VI cross section of FIG. VII-VII sectional view of FIG. Diagram showing cutting operation of broaching machine Diagram showing cutting operation of broaching machine Diagram showing cutting operation of broaching machine The figure which shows the structure of the conventional broaching machine The figure which shows the structure of the conventional broaching machine

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Broach machine 2 Work piece 3 Housing 4 Broach 5 Screw shaft 6 Work holder 11 Upper wall 11a Convex part 12 Lower wall 13 Left wall 14 Right wall 15 Front wall 15a, 15b Opening part 16 Rear wall 16a, 16b Opening part 17 Fastener 24 Lower holder 34 Geared motor 41 Support plate 42 Ball screw nut 43 Work receiving base 71 Upper holder

Claims (2)

A machine tool housing formed by a plurality of wall members fastened to each other,
The wall member is a housing of a machine tool, wherein a plurality of metal plates are laminated in a state where they are not fixed to each other.   The wall member is provided with a fitting portion provided in one wall member and a fitted portion in which the fitting portion is fitted in the other wall member at the time of the mutual fastening. The machine tool housing according to claim 1.

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