JP2009024971A - Waste melting furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a waste melting furnace capable of easily replacing a refractory material in a short time, reducing an operation stop time of the furnace necessary for the replacement, and having a small-sized replaced furnace body to lower a member cost. <P>SOLUTION: In this waste melting furnace 1, waste supplied to a furnace body 3 is melted by a heating means (an oxygen burner 4). In the melting furnace 1, the furnace body 3 is divided into an upper furnace body 5 provided with the heating means and a lower furnace body 10 provided with a melted material storing part 6. The lower furnace body 10 is constituted of an inner furnace body 11 having the melted material storing part 6, an outer furnace body 13 enclosing the inner furnace body 11 through a gap 12, and a backup material 14 filling the gap 12, and a lifter for lifting the inner furnace body 11 is provided in the gap 12. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  This invention is a waste which melts municipal waste and industrial waste, incineration ash and incineration fly ash, etc. for volume reduction, detoxification, recovery of valuable materials from solidified material after melting, etc. Related to melting furnace.

  In this type of waste melting furnace, the waste supplied to the furnace body is melted by various heating means to form molten slag, and this molten slag is continuously fed from the melt storage part at the lower part of the furnace body through the outlet. A furnace of the type that is taken out or taken out after being solidified in the melt storage part is employed.

And the refractory on the inner surface of the furnace body in contact with the above molten slag is severely damaged due to the chemical reaction with the slag and the flow of the slag, and its life is short. Since it is necessary to switch the refractory accordingly, it is necessary to repair and replace the above refractories in a short period of operation. Since it is necessary to repair and replace the above refractories, the furnace body is divided into a plurality of partial furnace bodies in the vertical direction so that these refractories can be repaired and replaced. A waste melting furnace (see, for example, Patent Document 1) is used.
JP 2000-179817 A

  However, in the above-described upper and lower split type waste melting furnace, when a molten metal layer is formed below the molten slag layer, the molten metal descends to the lower slag dividing surface at the lower position of the slag reservoir, It is not possible to divide on the lower slag dividing surface, so the integrated lower furnace body including the slag storage part becomes a large heavy object, and it is necessary to carry out furnace construction work such as repair and replacement of refractories at the site where the furnace body is installed Therefore, this construction work requires a lot of labor and time, and also has a big problem that the operation of the melting furnace must be interrupted for a long time.

  When the molten metal layer is not formed below the molten slag layer, the work for replacing the partial furnace body divided by the upper slag dividing surface and the lower slag dividing surface with a replacement partial furnace body prepared in advance is a short time. However, since this partial furnace body is a large furnace body that includes not only the slag reservoir and its vicinity, but also the outer shell plate of the furnace body and the refractory layer inside it, the weight is heavy and troublesome to transport. In addition to requiring a large space for storage of the replacement partial furnace body, the used partial furnace body has problems such as high cost because it is necessary to reconstruct the entire refractory part It is.

  The present invention is intended to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and it is possible to easily replace the refractory in a short time, and the operation stop time of the furnace accompanying this replacement can be shortened. An object of the present invention is to provide a waste melting furnace that is small in size, easy to handle, and low in material costs.

  In order to achieve the above object, a waste melting furnace according to claim 1 is a waste melting furnace for melting waste supplied to the furnace body by a heating means, wherein the furnace body is an upper part provided with the heating means. A furnace body and a lower furnace body having a melt storage part are divided, and the lower furnace body is divided into an inner furnace body having a melt storage part and an outer furnace body surrounding the inner furnace body with a gap. And a backup material filled in the gap, and a lifting tool for lifting the inner furnace body is provided in the gap portion.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, it is the inner furnace body having the melt storage part that the refractory melts with the melting of the waste, and this inner furnace body is outside through the packed layer of the backup material. Since it is held by the furnace body, the inner furnace body can be easily detached from the outer furnace body by pulling it up through the lifting tool with the upper furnace body removed. By inserting a new inner furnace body prepared in advance from above and filling the gap with a backup material, the inner furnace body can be easily replaced in a short time. Compared to repairing and building a refractory in the lower furnace in the field, the operation stop time of the melting furnace is much shorter. Further, the replacement furnace body part is a part of the lower furnace body, and is small and easy to handle, and the member cost is low.

  The waste melting furnace according to claim 2 is the waste melting furnace according to claim 1, wherein the inner furnace body has a refractory lining on the inner surface side of the iron skin, and the lifting tool is the iron melting furnace. It consists of a hanger fixed to the skin.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, the inner furnace body has excellent strength and durability by lining a refractory material such as refractory bricks having excellent resistance to melting damage on the inner surface side of the iron shell as a strength member. The inner furnace body can be manufactured and used, and the frequency of refractory replacement, and therefore the frequency of shutdown of the melting furnace, can be reduced.

  The waste melting furnace according to claim 3 is the waste melting furnace according to claim 1, wherein the inner furnace body is a crucible which is a molded body of an irregular refractory, and the lifting tool is the inner furnace. A lifting member having a suspension member at the upper end is connected to a bearing member that supports the bottom of the body.

  According to the third aspect of the invention, since the inner furnace body is constituted by a small and light weight crucible, the manufacturing cost of the inner furnace body can be low, and the replacement of the inner furnace body is frequently performed in a short time. Since this can be done, the crucible can be made of an inexpensive short-life refractory material, and the member cost can be further reduced.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the refractory can be easily replaced in a short time, and the operation stop time of the furnace associated with this replacement can be shortened, and the replacement furnace body portion is small and easy to handle. Cost is low.

  In addition to the above effects, according to the invention described in claim 2, the frequency of operation stoppage of the melting furnace can be reduced by using an outer furnace body excellent in strength and durability. According to the invention described in 3, the inner furnace body can be small and low-cost, and the use of a short-life refractory can further reduce the member cost.

  Hereinafter, an example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the figure, 1 is a waste melting furnace, which is a continuous tapping furnace that uses incinerated fly ash and coarse ash as melting target waste, and the furnace body 3 installed on the foundation 2 is oxygen heating means. The upper furnace body 5 provided with the burner 4 and the lower furnace body 10 provided with the melt storage part 6 are detachably divided through a dividing surface T.

  In this example, the upper furnace body 5 is divided into a furnace body 5a surrounding the melting treatment chamber 7 and a furnace lid 5b that can be attached to and detached from the furnace body 5a. The lower part of the oxygen burner 4 attached to the furnace lid 5b is melted. The duct 8 inserted into the processing chamber 7 and connected to the exhaust gas port provided in the furnace lid 5b is connected to an exhaust fan through a dust collector (not shown).

  The oxygen burner 4 burns the liquid or gaseous fuel F supplied to the fuel supply port 4a with the oxygen supplied to the oxygen supply port 4b, and the carrier air is supplied to the fly ash supply port 4c during the high-temperature flame caused by this combustion. The incineration fly ash W supplied with the ash is blown into and melted. Reference numeral 9 denotes an ash feed pipe for feeding coarse ash V supplied from an incineration ash crushing and sieving device (not shown) into the furnace body 3, which is fed into the furnace body 3 through the ash feed pipe 9. The coarse ash V thus obtained is also heated and melted by the oxygen burner 4 in the melt processing chamber 7.

  On the other hand, the lower furnace body 10 includes an inner furnace body 11 having a melt storage section 6, an outer furnace body 13 surrounding the inner furnace body 11 with a gap 12, and a backup material 14 filled in the gap 12. Consists of. The inner furnace body 11 has a refractory material 16 such as a refractory brick lined on the inner surface side of the bottomed cylindrical core 15 to form the melt storage portion 6 and is a continuous tapping furnace. In the example, a notch 17 that communicates with a slag flow path 26 of a balustrade 24, which will be described later, is provided at the upper end of one side of the refractory 16 (in this example, the left side in FIG. 1), A notch 18 is provided that is close to the outer dimensions of the end of the tread 24 on the inner furnace body 11 side. Reference numeral 19 denotes a lifting hand for lifting the inner furnace body 11, which is fixedly attached to two locations on the upper outer peripheral surface of the iron shell 15 so as to fit in the gap 12.

  The outer furnace body 13 is lined with a refractory material 22 such as a refractory brick on the inner surface side of a bottomed rectangular tube-shaped iron skin 21, and has an inner diameter and depth that are slightly larger than the outer shape of the iron core 15 of the inner furnace body 11. The bottomed cylindrical hole 23 is formed. 24 is a refractory brick made of refractory brick, fitted into a notch 25 provided on one side (left side in FIG. 1) of the outer furnace body 13, and mortar material to the outer furnace body 13. The slag flow path 26 and the outlet 27 are fixedly attached.

  As the backup material 14 filled in the gap 12 between the outer furnace body 13 and the inner furnace body 11, a granular or fibrous refractory material or heat insulating material such as an indeterminate refractory material such as a stamp material, baked sand, or ceramic fiber is used. In this example, a stamp material made of the same material as the refractory 22 of the outer furnace body 13 is used. At the time of manufacturing (assembling) the lower furnace body 10, the inner furnace body 11 is held in the hole 23 of the outer furnace body 13 with the gap 12, and the back-up material 14 charged in the gap 12 is rammed. The backup material 14 is filled by stamping or the like, and the inner furnace body 11 is integrated with the outer furnace body 13 via the backup material 14. The backup material 14 is also filled between the end face of the tread 24 on the inner furnace body 11 side and the outer periphery of the refractory 16 of the inner furnace body 11.

  The lower furnace body 10 and the upper furnace body 5 above the upper furnace body 5 are assembled as an integrated furnace body 3 shown in FIG. 1 by bolting the flange portion on the outer periphery of the abutting surface. Waste (flying ash W and coarse ash V) is melted by the oxygen burner 4 in the melting furnace 1, and the generated molten slag S is overflowed from the outlet 27 of the tap 24 and continuously discharged. The molten slag flowing out from the outlet 27 falls into a water tank or the like of a water pulverizer provided at a lower position (not shown) and is water crushed (rapidly cooled) or air cooled (slowly cooled) by another type of solidifier. After that, it is sent to subsequent processes such as crushing and particle size adjustment.

  If the melting of the refractory 16 part of the inner furnace body 11 of the lower furnace body 10 progresses due to the continuation of the above melting process and the refractory 16 needs to be repaired or replaced, the operation of the waste melting furnace 1 is started. Temporarily stop, the upper furnace body 5 is separated from the lower furnace body 10, lifted by a crane or the like, and moved to a storage place provided on the side or the like. Then, when 10 parts of the lower furnace body is radiated and the temperature is lowered to some extent, the backup material 14 in the gap 12 part between the outer furnace body 13 and the inner furnace body 11 and the backup material filled between the tuna 24 and the inner furnace body 11 are filled. The material 14 breaks down with a rod or the like according to its solidification state, and after removing the backup material 14 near the suspension 19, as shown by the arrow P in FIG. The inner furnace body 11 is lifted upward by a crane (not shown) via a wire 28 hooked on a hand 19 and separated from the outer furnace body 13 and then transported to the side to repair the refractory 16 separately. Perform in the process.

  When the above inner furnace body 11 is pulled upward, the gap 12 between the inner furnace body 11 and the outer furnace body 13 is only filled with a granular or fibrous backup material 14, and the backup material 14 is The inner furnace body 11 can be easily lifted upward and detached from the outer furnace body 13 because a part thereof is fixed to the iron skin 15 or the like depending on the material.

  After the inner furnace body 11 is removed, the back-up material 14 deposited on the bottom of the hole 23 of the outer furnace body 13 with a predetermined gap size or more is scraped and removed, and is then placed in another storage position in advance. As shown by the arrow Q, the prepared unused inner furnace body 11 is inserted into the hole 23 of the outer furnace body 13 from the upper part of the outer furnace body 13 by a crane or the like through the wire 28 in the same manner as described above. And a predetermined gap 12 is maintained. Then, a new backup material 14 is additionally charged in the gap 12, and the backup material 14 is filled in the gap 12 in the same process as that for manufacturing the lower furnace body 10 described above.

  Since the repair of the lower furnace body 10 is completed by filling the backup material 14, if the removed upper furnace body 5 is mounted on the lower furnace body 10, the waste melting furnace 1 can resume operation. It becomes. Then, the above-mentioned used inner furnace body 11 is detached from the outer furnace body 13, a new inner furnace body 11 is inserted into the hole 23 of the outer furnace body 13, and the back-up material 14 is filled in the gap 12. Compared with repairing and building a refractory that forms a melt storage part at the installation site of the lower furnace body as in the conventional construction method, the waste melting furnace 1 can be carried out easily in a short time. The downtime is much shorter.

  In this example, the inner furnace body 11 is excellent in strength and durability by lining a desired refractory material 16 such as a refractory brick having excellent resistance to melting damage on the inner surface side of the iron shell 15 as a strength member. The inner furnace body 11 can be manufactured and used, and the replacement frequency of the refractory 16 and, therefore, the operation stop frequency of the melting furnace can be reduced.

  Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to a second example shown in FIGS. The waste melting furnace 31 of this example shown in FIG. 6 uses a crucible type inner furnace body 34 instead of the inner furnace body 11 in the waste melting furnace 1 of the first example, and the inner furnace body 34. 1 except that the lifting tool 37 for lifting is different from the first example, and the other parts have the same configuration as the first example. A detailed description of these portions is omitted.

  That is, the furnace body 32 installed on the foundation 2 is detachably divided into the upper furnace body 5 and the lower furnace body 33 via the dividing surface T, and the gap between the lower furnace body 33 by the outer furnace body 13. The inner furnace body 34 surrounded by 12 is composed of a crucible in which an amorphous refractory is formed by casting or the like to form a melt storage part 35, and is provided in the outer furnace body 13 at the upper end thereof. A notch 36 communicating with the slag flow path 26 of the tread 24 is provided.

  In this example, a lifting tool 37 for lifting the inner furnace body 34 is disposed in the gap 12 and is embedded in the backup material 14. The lifting tool 37 is made of metal (in this example, made of stainless steel), and as shown in FIG. 8, a cross beam member 38a having a length corresponding to the size of the bottom surface of the inner furnace body 34 is fixed on the connecting member 38b. The lower end portions of lifting members 39, 39 each having a suspension 39a having a hook hooking hole at the upper end portion are fixed to both ends of the support member 38.

  Further, as the backup material 14 filled in the gap 12 between the outer furnace body 13 and the inner furnace body 34, a stamp material made of the same material as the refractory 22 of the outer furnace body 13 is used as in the first example. When manufacturing (assembling) the lower furnace body 33, the inner furnace body 34 placed on the support member 38 of the lifting tool 37 is held in the hole 23 of the outer furnace body 13 with the gap 12. The back-up material 14 is rammed or stamped to fill the back-up material 14, and the inner furnace body 34 and the lifting tool 37 are integrated with the outer furnace body 13 via the backup material 14. Further, the backup material 14 is also filled between the end face of the tread 24 on the inner furnace body 34 side and the outer peripheral portion of the inner furnace body 34.

  The lower furnace body 33 and the upper furnace body 5 above the upper furnace body 5 are assembled as an integrated furnace body 32 shown in FIG. 6, and the waste melting furnace 31 in this state melts the waste as in the first example. Then, the molten slag S is continuously discharged from the outlet 27 of the outlet 24.

  When the melting of the inner furnace body 34 of the lower furnace body 33 progresses due to the continuation of the above melting process and replacement is required, the operation of the waste melting furnace 31 is temporarily stopped, and the upper furnace body 5 is moved to the lower furnace body. When the lower furnace body 33 is dissipated and the temperature is lowered to some extent after being separated from 33, the back-up material 14 in the gap 12 part between the outer furnace body 13 and the inner furnace body 34, and the tapping 24 and the inner furnace body 34 are separated. The back-up material 14 filled in is collapsed with a rod or the like according to the solidification state, and after the back-up material 14 near the suspension 39a is removed, the back-up material 14 is placed on the lifting tool 37 as shown by an arrow P in FIG. The used inner furnace body 34 containing the residual molten slag S is lifted upward together with a lifting tool 37 by a crane (not shown) via a wire 28 hooked to a hand 39a and detached from the outer furnace body 13. After letting Conveyed, take out the molten slag S having to solidify, such as dividing the inner furnace body 34 has been removed from the top lifting device 37.

  When the inner furnace body 34 and the lifting tool 37 are pulled upward, the gap 12 between the inner furnace body 34 and the outer furnace body 13 is only filled with the backup material 14 as in the first example. The body 34 and the lifting tool 37 can be easily pulled up and detached from the outer furnace body 13.

  After the inner furnace body 34 is removed, the backup material 14 deposited on the bottom of the hole 23 of the outer furnace body 13 is scraped and removed in the same manner as in the first example, and then prepared in another storage position in advance. The previously used inner furnace body 34 is placed on the lifting tool 37 from which the used inner furnace body 34 has been removed, and as shown by the arrow R, together with the lifting tool 37 as described above. The wire 28 is inserted into the hole 23 from directly above the outer furnace body 13 by a crane or the like, and kept in a state where the predetermined gap 12 is maintained. Then, a new backup material 14 is additionally charged in the gap 12 and the backup material 14 is filled in the gap 12 in the same process as that for manufacturing the lower furnace body 33 described above. Buried inside.

  Since the repair of the lower furnace body 33 is completed by filling the backup material 14, if the removed upper furnace body 5 is attached to the lower furnace body 33, the waste melting furnace 31 can resume operation. It becomes. Then, the above-mentioned used inner furnace body 34 is detached from the outer furnace body 13, a new inner furnace body 34 is inserted into the hole 23 of the outer furnace body 13, and the back-up material 14 is filled in the gap 12. Can be done easily in a short time as in the first example, compared to repairing and building a refractory that forms the melt storage part at the installation site of the lower furnace body as in the conventional method. The operation stop time of the waste melting furnace 31 is much shorter.

  Further, in this example, the inner furnace body 34 is constituted by a small and light weight crucible, so the manufacturing cost of the inner furnace body 34 can be low, and replacement of the inner furnace body 34 can be performed in a short time as described above. Since it can be performed frequently, the inner furnace body 34 (crucible) can be made of an inexpensive short-life refractory material, and the cost of parts can be further reduced.

  The present invention is not limited to the above examples. For example, a hook may be formed by drilling a hook hole in the iron shell 15 of the inner furnace body of the first example. The specific configuration of the lifting tool 37 may be other than the above. Further, the upper furnace body 5 may be a single body or may be divided into three or more parts, and the outer furnace body 13 may have a structure other than the above, such as the inner peripheral surface of the hole 23 being covered with iron. The present invention also provides various types of waste melting furnaces for melting various types of waste other than the above incineration fly ash and coarse ash by heating means other than an oxygen burner, such as electric arc melting and plasma melting, The present invention can be widely applied to batch processing type waste melting furnaces other than the tapping type.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the waste melting furnace which shows the 1st example of embodiment of this invention. It is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. FIG. 3 is a partial sectional view taken along line B-B in FIG. 2. It is a CC CC side view of FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic vertical sectional view showing a repair process of a lower furnace body in the waste melting furnace of FIG. 1. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the waste melting furnace which shows the 2nd example of embodiment of this invention. It is the DD sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is a perspective view of the lifting tool in FIG. FIG. 7 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing a repair process of a lower furnace body in the waste melting furnace of FIG. 6.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Waste melting furnace, 3 ... Furnace body, 4 ... Oxygen burner, 5 ... Upper furnace body, 6 ... Melt storage part, 10 ... Lower furnace body, 11 ... Inner furnace body, 12 ... Gap, 13 ... Outer furnace 14, backup material 15, iron skin, 16 refractory material, 19 suspenders, 23 holes, 24 tapping, 31 waste melting furnace, 32 furnace body, 33 lower furnace body, 34 ... inner furnace body, 35 ... melt storage part, 37 ... lifting tool, 39a ... hanger.

Claims (3)

In a waste melting furnace that melts the waste supplied to the furnace by heating means,
The furnace body is divided into an upper furnace body having the heating means and a lower furnace body having a melt storage part,
The lower furnace body is composed of an inner furnace body having a melt storage part, an outer furnace body surrounding the inner furnace body with a gap, and a backup material filled in the gap,
A waste melting furnace, wherein a lifting tool for lifting the inner furnace body is provided in the gap.   The waste melting furnace according to claim 1, wherein the inner furnace body is formed by lining a refractory material on the inner surface side of the iron skin, and the lifting tool is formed by a suspension hand fixed to the iron skin.   The inner furnace body is formed of a crucible that is a molded body of an irregular refractory, and the lifting tool is connected to a support member that supports the bottom surface of the inner furnace body, and a lifting member having a suspension at the upper end. The waste melting furnace according to claim 1, which is provided.

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