JP2009019532A - Phase inversion cross-flow type super-small power generator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a super-small power generator utilizing water flow energy to the utmost at a low drop difference, a low flow amount or a low flow velocity in a brook or the like. <P>SOLUTION: The power generator comprises: a type 1 blade wheel and a type 2 blade wheel which rotate oppositely each other; a first rotation shaft coaxial with the first and second type blade wheel and rotated engaged with the type 1 blade wheel; a second rotation shaft rotated engaged with the type 2 blade wheel; a power generating means containing one or more magnets which integrally rotate with either the first rotation shaft or the second rotation shaft, and one or more coils which integrally rotate with another; a first and a second nozzles for accelerating the flowed-in water flow towards the type 1 and the type 2 blade wheels; and a casing for sealing the generating means in watertight. A movable mechanism is provided in which each blade of the type 1 blade wheel and the type 2 blade wheel is erected in a blade wheel radial direction in a location received with the water flow by a nozzle to rotate the shaft received with the above-described water flow, and then changes the arrangement by a water force or mechanically so as to lay in a direction following the water flow in a part close to a location without receiving the water flow by the above-described nozzle. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a phase inversion cross flow type micro power generator.

Hydroelectric and wind power generation, which converts hydropower and wind energy into electric energy, and solar power generation, which converts solar energy into electric energy, are power generation methods that do not consume global resources and are free from environmental pollution. Now that conservation is important, its importance is being recognized again.
In particular, for example, waterways for supplying water to fields, rivers near private houses, pipes from houses and apartments to common grooves (mains), relatively slow and shallow or narrow waterways, In addition, it is expected that an ultra-compact simple power generator that can be installed in the tidal current sea and can generate relatively small-scale power generation using water currents will be used for leisure activities such as camping, and securing a lifeline in the event of a disaster. It is attracting attention from such aspects.

  Conventionally known simple power generators can be broadly divided into an “axial flow type” in which water flows in the direction of the rotation axis of the rotor and a “cross flow” in which the rotation axis of the rotor (rotor) is installed in the direction intersecting the flow It is divided into “type”.

An axial flow type simple power generator is disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example.
A cross-flow type simple power generator is disclosed in Patent Document 2, for example.
The power generation by these simple power generators is based on the relative displacement between a magnet provided on the stator (stator) and a magnet fixed on the rotor by rotating the impeller by water flow. This is done by inducing a voltage in the coil, but the electromotive force induced in the coil is proportional to the "time rate of change of magnetic flux across the coil", and this rate of change is proportional to the relative speed between the magnet and the coil. In view of the above, Non-Patent Document 1 reports an “axial-flow generator” that increases the electromotive force by rotating a stator and a rotor with coils fixed in “opposite directions”.

  As an advantage of the ultra-compact simple power generator, there is no need to install additional facilities necessary for power generation such as dams, weirs, waterways, and pipes, etc., and it is possible to save the time and cost required for infrastructure development. it can. Furthermore, if it can be installed at the bottom of a river or waterway and can generate electricity even when it is submerged, it is expected to protect nature and not damage the landscape, regardless of changes in water level and flow rate. It has not been realized yet except for the power generator. Further, the energy conversion efficiency of the existing axial flow power generator remains at a maximum of 20% or less.

In other words, the ultra-small micro power generator expected to be realized can be generated by simply installing it in a low-head, low-flow-rate, low-flow-rate water channel such as in a field or urban area, and does not require any additional equipment. It is possible to secure a power generation amount of about 1 kW that can cover one family.
The biggest problem that makes it difficult to realize such an ultra-compact micro power generator is that the running water has a low drop, low flow rate, and low flow rate, so the number of revolutions of the generator required to secure the required power generation amount It cannot be obtained. Furthermore, there are problems such as poor power generation efficiency due to its ultra-small size, and that the power generation efficiency tends to fluctuate when the flow rate and water depth change according to the season.

JP 2001-248532 A JP2003-120499A Proceedings of the Japan Opportunity Society Fluid Engineering Division Lecture Summary Page 608 “Development of Phase Inverted Hydroelectric Generators” (2003. 9.11-20)

The object of the present invention is to make the most of the energy of water with a low head, low flow rate or low flow rate flowing through a stream or the like to convert it into electrical energy, and to achieve a power generation amount of about 1 kW. To provide a small-sized power generator.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an ultra-compact and simple ultra-small phase-inversion cross-flow type small power generator that can generate power even when installed in a submerged state.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides the following phase-inversion cross-flow type micro power generator.

  <1> A cross-flow power generation device having a rotation axis in a direction intersecting with a water flow, the first type impeller rotating in a first direction by receiving the water flow, and the first direction receiving the water flow, A second type impeller that rotates in a reverse second direction, a first rotating shaft that is coaxial with the first and second type impellers and is rotated by engaging with the first type impeller, and the first type A second rotating shaft that is engaged with and rotated by the type 2 impeller and penetrates in the axial direction inside the first rotating shaft, and one of the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft. A power generation means including a rotating magnet and a coil rotating integrally with the other, and having a pole composed of one magnet and one coil on the circumference, and the inflowing water flow as the first type blade A first nozzle that accelerates toward the vehicle, a second nozzle that accelerates the inflowing water stream toward the second type impeller, and the power generation means are tightly sealed. And the blades of the first type impeller and the second type impeller stand in the radial direction of the impeller at the portion that receives the water flow from the nozzle and rotate the shaft in response to the water flow. The first type impeller and the second type impeller are provided with a movable mechanism that changes the position by hydraulic force or mechanically so as to lie in a direction following the water flow at a portion that is not subjected to the water flow by the nozzle. Is a phase-inverted cross-flow type ultra-compact power generation that can convert 50% or more of the kinetic energy of water into the rotational energy of the impeller even when installed in a water channel of 2m or less Device.

  <2> In the phase inversion cross-flow type micro power generator according to <1>, the power generation means has at least 24 poles composed of one magnet and one coil on the circumference. This is a featured phase-inversion cross-flow type small power generator.

<3> In the phase inversion cross-flow type micro power generation device according to <1> or <2>, the blades constituting the first-type impeller and the second-type impeller respectively include the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft. A phase inversion cross-flow type small power generator characterized in that it is directly fixed to a movable mechanism provided on each of the rotating shafts and is movable.

  <4> In the phase inversion cross-flow type micro power generation device according to any one of <1> to <3>, the first and second nozzles surround the first type impeller and the second type impeller. And a housing having a first outlet and a second outlet for discharging the water flow obtained by rotating the first and second type impellers. Type micro power generator.

  <5> The phase inversion crossflow type micro power generator according to <4>, wherein the first outlet and the second outlet have a diffuser shape. .

  <6> In the phase inversion cross-flow type micro power generation device according to any one of <1> to <5>, each of the blades fixed to the movable mechanism is supported by a support member, and the pair of the supports A phase inversion cross-flow type micro power generator characterized in that members are fixed to both ends of a first rotating shaft and a second rotating shaft and rotated coaxially.

  <7> The phase inversion crossflow type micro power generation device according to <6>, wherein the support member has a ring shape or a disk shape.

  <8> In the phase inversion cross-flow type micro power generation device according to <6> or <7>, the first type impeller and the second type impeller are arranged coaxially with the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft. A cam for changing the position of the blade is fixed in the inner space of the support member, and each blade of the first type impeller and the second type impeller is pivotally supported by a part of the radial direction of the impeller. The phase inversion cross-flow type micro power generator is characterized in that the cam follower is used as one cam follower in the radial direction of the impeller.

  <9> The phase inversion cross-flow type micro power generator according to <8>, wherein the cam is fixedly provided on a housing side of the first type impeller and the second type impeller. This is a phase inversion cross-flow type ultra-small power generator.

  <10> In the phase inversion cross-flow type micro power generation device according to any one of <6> to <9>, the first type impeller and the second type impeller are connected to the blade end portion coaxially with the rotation axis. Stop means is fixedly mounted, and each blade of the first type impeller and the second type impeller is swingably supported on the outer end side in the radial direction of the impeller, and a plurality of the stop means are provided. The phase-inverted cross-flow type micro power generator is characterized in that the swinging movement of the wing caused by the water flow is locked by the locking hand mechanism.

  <11> In the phase inversion cross-flow type micro power generation device according to <10>, the locking mechanism includes a locking pin or a locking groove, and a disk-shaped support member to which each blade is movably attached. A phase inversion cross-flow type micro power generator characterized in that it is provided on a peripheral part, a peripheral part of a disk member separately mounted on a rotary shaft, or an outer peripheral surface part of the rotary shaft.

  <12> The phase inversion cross-flow type micro power generation device according to any one of <1> to <11>, wherein the movable mechanism is configured to be movable by fixing a blade with a pin or a groove. This is a phase inversion cross-flow type small power generator.

  <13> In the phase-inversion cross-flow type micro power generator according to any one of <1> to <12>, the blades constituting the impeller have a cross section of a flat blade, a semicircular blade, a curved blade, or a NACA airfoil This is a phase inversion cross-flow type ultra-compact power generator characterized by using the above.

  <14> The phase inversion cross-flow type micro power generation device according to any one of <1> to <13>, including an auxiliary nozzle that accelerates a water flow toward the first and second nozzles. This is a phase-inversion cross-flow type micro power generator.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventor conducted an examination of a movable mechanism of a wing by numerical calculation and a verification experiment using a model machine, and repeated earnest studies based on the result, leading to the creation of the present invention. Is. Specific contents of the numerical calculation and the verification experiment will be described later.

  The present inventor first obtains “a necessary condition for obtaining a power generation amount of about 1 kW” by theoretical calculation, and in order to obtain energy corresponding to a head: 2 m (18 kJ) from water, After confirming that it is necessary to secure about 6 m / sec, numerical calculations and verification experiments were performed, and the results obtained were used and the study was repeated based on the following concept. The device was created.

“About submerged generators”
1. A submerged power generator capable of generating power in a submerged state is a basic configuration of the present invention.
2. The wing shape and mounting method are optimal for converting water energy into rotational force.
3. In order to use it in a submerged state, the power generator needs to be waterproofed.
4). When submerged, there is a region where the wing becomes a resistance, so a movable wing mechanism is introduced.
5). We propose a movable blade fixing method and a movable blade mechanism with good positioning accuracy.

"About the movable wing mechanism"
1. Optimize the design of the impeller and casing.
2. We propose a mechanism that maximizes the movable range of the wing.
3. Devise to obtain lift in the area where the wing is subjected to resistance.

“Reciprocal power generator”
1. A reciprocal generator is used to increase the relative speed between the rotor and stator of the generator.
2. The generator and the opposite impeller are unitized.
3. The basic structure consists of two units of phase-inverted impellers and one unit of phase-inverted generator.
4). Assume that the above three units are connected coaxially.
5). Units can be increased and decreased and combined and converted according to the flow field conditions.

That is, the phase inversion cross-flow type micro power generator of the present invention is a “cross-flow type power generator having a rotating shaft in the direction intersecting the water flow”, which is a first-type impeller, second-type impeller, first A rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft, power generation means, first and second nozzles, and a casing are provided.
The “type 1 impeller” is an impeller that rotates in a first direction in response to a water flow, and the “type 2 impeller” receives a water flow in a “second direction opposite to the first direction”. It is a rotating impeller.
The “first rotation shaft” is rotated coaxially with the first and second type impellers and engaged with the first type impeller.
The “second rotating shaft” is engaged with the second type impeller and rotated, and is provided inside the first rotating shaft and penetrating in the axial direction.

The “power generation means” includes a magnet that rotates integrally with one of the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft, and a coil that rotates integrally with the other. Of course, the relative positional relationship between the magnet and the coil is set so that a voltage can be induced in the coil by the relative displacement between the magnet and the coil, and the power generation means has one magnet and one on the circumference. It has the pole which consists of a coil.
It is particularly effective to provide at least 24 poles composed of magnets and coils in order to secure “a power generation amount of about 1 kW that can cover one household with a low head, low flow rate, and low flow rate water flow”. is there.

Furthermore, the phase inversion crossflow type micro power generator according to the present invention is configured such that each blade of the first type impeller and the second type impeller stands in the radial direction of the impeller at a portion where the water flow from the nozzle is received and receives the water flow. In order to change the position by hydraulic force or mechanically so as to lie down in a direction following the water flow after the shaft is rotated, the first type impeller and the second type It is necessary to provide a movable mechanism for the seed wheel.
Examples of the movable mechanism include one in which a part of the wing is fixed by a pin or the like and the wing is made movable. In particular, a movable mechanism using fluid force using a wing fixed by a pin is structurally different. Simple and preferable.
As the shape of the “wing” used in the small power generator of the present invention, known ones such as a flat blade, an asymmetric shape of a NACA airfoil, and an arcuate blade can be applied.

  In addition, the phase inversion cross-flow power generation device of the present invention has “first nozzle” and “second nozzle” as indispensable components, and the “first nozzle” The “second nozzle” has a “casing” for accelerating the inflowing water stream toward the second type impeller and watertightly sealing the power generation means.

The phase inversion cross-flow power generator of the present invention can convert 50% or more of the kinetic energy of water into the rotational energy of the impeller even when installed in a water channel with a head of 2 m or less and submerged. Yes, it is an “ultra-small” one that aims at a maximum power generation of 1 kW.
In general, the energy conversion rate decreases as the number of revolutions decreases and the size decreases. However, the ultra-small power generator of the present invention has a conversion rate of 50% or more, and can particularly ensure 50 to 70% or more.
Moreover, even if the relative rotation speed of the first type impeller and the second type impeller is about 200 rpm, it is a power generator that can convert 50% or more of the kinetic energy of water into rotational energy.

  The phase-inverted unit structure constituting the ultra-small power generator of the present invention prevents the generator's power generation capability from being significantly reduced at a low rotation speed, so that the generator's stator (stator) and rotor (rotor) It is effective to increase the relative speed, that is, to ensure the power generation capacity by relatively increasing the rotational speed of the generator.

By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to generate electricity by installing it in a “flow field with a small drop” near an urban area. Since the kinetic energy of water is small in the flow field with a small head, the kinetic energy of water can be increased by providing a nozzle upstream of the micro power generator and accelerating the flow.
Since the flow rate and flow velocity of the flow field where the power generator is installed vary depending on the urban area where it is installed and the season, in order to obtain a larger flow velocity, a boost nozzle is installed further upstream of the nozzle provided upstream of the power generator. By installing, the flow can be further accelerated and the kinetic energy of water can be increased and led to the power generation device.
On the other hand, if the downstream side of the power generation device is formed in a diffuser shape, the water escape is improved and the effect of preventing the deceleration of the water hitting the impeller is exhibited. Therefore, the kinetic energy of the water can be effectively used.

The phase inversion cross-flow type micro power generator of the present invention surrounds the first-type impeller and the second-type impeller, and receives the water flow from the first and second nozzles, and the first And a housing having a first discharge port and a second discharge port for discharging a water flow obtained by rotating the second type impeller, and the first discharge port and the second discharge port each have a diffuser function. A diffuser shape is preferable because water can be prevented from decelerating and the water impinging on the impeller can be prevented from decelerating as much as possible, and the kinetic energy of the water can be ensured, so that water can be quickly discharged from the impeller.
The housing can be manufactured integrally with the first and second nozzles and the first and second discharge ports, and the first and second nozzles can be configured as a part of the housing.

As a first aspect of the phase inversion cross-flow type micro power generator of the present invention, a movable mechanism is provided on each of the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft, and the first type impeller and the second type blade are provided in the movable mechanism. Each wing constituting each vehicle can be directly fixed and movable.
The blades installed in the power generator of the first aspect preferably have a packet structure in order to receive the maximum amount of inflowing water and utilize the energy.

  Further, as a second aspect of the small power generator of the present invention, a pair of circular support members (also simply referred to as support members) are coaxially fixed to both ends of the first rotation shaft and the second rotation shaft. Each blade can be made movable by attaching each blade of the impeller to the support member by a movable mechanism and rotating the support member coaxially with the rotation shaft.

Examples of the circular support member include a ring-shaped member and a disk-shaped member. However, according to the inventor's verification, in the case of a ring shape, it is necessary to have a packet structure so that water does not leak from each individual water turbine, and it may be difficult to process the water turbine, resulting in a heavy weight. Since the freedom of design of the airfoil is reduced and the movable range of the airfoil is limited, the disk shape is more effective.
In the case of a circular support member in the shape of a disk, water may leak from the gap with the side plate because the water wheel is not a packet structure, but numerical loss confirms that the loss is as small as about 5% or less. It was.
In view of the fact that the circular support member is fixed to the end of the rotating shaft, the disc-shaped support member may be simply referred to as a side plate hereinafter.

For the small power generator of the second aspect using the side plate as a circular support member, the degree of freedom in the design and manufacture of the blades is increased, and the blade shape and the number of blades can be easily changed according to the flow field conditions to be installed. There are advantages that can be done.
Moreover, although the attachment position on the side plate of each wing | blade is not specifically limited, the outer peripheral side of this side plate is more preferable than the center side. The reason for this is that when using a pin as a movable mechanism and supporting each wing to make it movable, the pin becomes the rotation center of the wing, but when it is attached to the outer peripheral side of the side plate, a pin is provided on the center side of the side plate and In comparison, it is possible to increase the movable range of the blade and reduce the resistance of the blade in the remaining half cycle.

  In addition, the effect of water leakage due to the gap between the side plate and the movable blade is considered, but according to the numerical analysis results, the leakage is less affected at about 5% or less, rather the effect of improving the flexibility of the blade shape. Was confirmed to be large.

In the small power generator of the present invention, the cam for changing the state of the blades of the first type impeller and the second type impeller is fixed to the apparatus space coaxially with the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft. The blades of the first and second type impellers are swingably supported by supporting a part in the radial direction of the impeller and the cam follower is used as a cam follower. It can be set as the structure to do.
In other words, by changing the position of the swingable blade by a cam, a portion that stands in the radial direction of the impeller at the portion that receives the water flow by the nozzle, rotates the shaft by receiving the water flow, and approaches the portion that receives the water flow by the nozzle So let's sleep in a direction that follows the water flow. " The cam can be provided on the “shaft side of the first type impeller and the second type impeller”.
The phase-inverted cross-flow type power generator “rotates the first and second type impellers, and the inlet that surrounds the first and second type impellers and receives the water flow from the first and second nozzles. If the housing has a discharge port for discharging the flow of water, the cam is provided on the inner wall of the housing.
It can also be configured.
The “cam provided on the inner wall of the housing” may be a “fixed cam configured in the shape of the inner wall itself” of the housing.

Again, the housing may be integral with the first and second nozzles, and the first and second nozzles may be configured as part of the housing.
A cam for changing the state of the blades of the first type impeller and the second type impeller coaxially with the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft is fixed to the inner space of the support member, and the first type impeller and Each wing of the second type impeller is swingably supported by a part of the radial direction of the impeller, and can be driven by the cam with one end portion in the radial direction of the impeller as a cam follower. The cam can be fixedly provided on the casing side of the first type impeller and the second type impeller.

  This cam can be installed in the power generator of the second mode provided with a circular support member, and cams one end of the movable blade attached to the disk-shaped (side plate) or ring-shaped circular support member in the rotational axis direction. Can be driven.

In the small power generator according to the present invention, the first-type impeller and the second-type impeller are fixed to the first-type impeller and the second-type impeller with wing end locking means coaxially with the rotation shaft. Each of the blades is pivotably supported by being supported on the outer end side in the radial direction of the impeller, and the locking means includes a disk-shaped body provided with a plurality of locking mechanisms. Can be configured to be locked by the locking mechanism of the locking means. As the disk-shaped body constituting the blade end locking means, a movable mechanism is provided which also serves as a side plate in the power generation device of the second aspect, and a blade is attached to the outer peripheral portion of the side plate, and the rotating shaft of the side plate A plurality of locking pins may be implanted on the side.
Further, the disk-shaped body constituting the blade end locking means also serves as a rotating shaft, and a plurality of locking pins are implanted on the surface of the rotating shaft, or a plurality of locking grooves are formed to form the blade. It can be provided as the end locking means in the power generator of the second aspect.

In addition, as a blade constituting the impeller of the phase inversion crossflow type ultra-small power generator of the present invention, for example, a flat plate type, a semicircular arc type, a curved blade and a blade shape (for example, NACA blade) can be used. In particular, when a semicircular arc type is used, the shaft torque is about twice as high as that of a flat plate type, which is effective in achieving a “kinetic conversion rate of 50% or more of impeller rotational energy” of water kinetic energy. . It was confirmed that the same axial torque as that of the semicircular wing was obtained even when the airfoil was used.
For example, in the case of using a pin as a movable mechanism and an asymmetrical shape of NACA airfoil as a “wing”, if the position where the blade pin is installed is not the leading edge of the blade but the maximum blade thickness portion downstream, When the wing rotates once and reappears in the first half cycle, the water flowing into the ventral side of the wing against the leading edge of the wing brings about the effect of raising the wing by its fluid force.

The phase-inversion cross-flow type micro power generation device of the present invention can have “auxiliary nozzles” or “guide vanes” that accelerate the water flow toward the first and second nozzles.
By using the “auxiliary nozzle” or the “guide vane”, a “water flow having a larger flow velocity” can be supplied to the first and second type impellers, and the rotational speed of the impeller can be increased. Also in this case, the diffuser shape of the housing discharge port works effectively.

  The first type impeller is engaged with the first rotation shaft, receives the water flow, and rotates in the first direction to rotate the first rotation shaft. The second type impeller is engaged with the second rotation shaft, receives the water flow, rotates in the “second direction opposite to the first direction”, and rotates the second rotation shaft. The first and second type impellers are the impellers defined as described above. As specific forms, both the first and second type impellers are constituted by a single impeller. In addition, one or both of the first-type and second-type impellers can be constituted by two or more impellers.

  In other words, taking the type 1 impeller as an example, the type 1 impeller can be configured as a “single impeller”, but it is “fixed in common to the first rotating shaft and receives a water flow. The first type impeller can also be constituted by two or more same type of impellers rotating in the first direction. The same applies to the type 2 impeller. In order to obtain the maximum axial torque, it is optimal that the number of flat blades is 6 to 10 and that of semicircular blades is larger.

As described above, the “power generation means” includes one or more magnets and one or more coils, and the one or more magnets rotate integrally with “one of the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft”. Rotates integrally with the other. For example, if one or more magnets rotate together with the first rotating shaft, the one or more coils rotate integrally with the second rotating shaft. In this case, the rotation of the magnet occurs in the “first direction”, and the rotation of the coil occurs in the “second direction”.
As described above, the number of poles made up of magnets and coils is at least 24 in order to secure a power generation amount of about 1 kW to cover one household with a low head, low flow rate, and low flow rate water flow. Is particularly effective.

  In order to rotate the magnet / coil integrally with one or the other of the first and second rotating shafts, the magnet or coil may be directly fixed to the rotating shaft. May be fixed to the rotating shaft or provided integrally with the rotating shaft, and a magnet or a coil may be fixed to these supporting means. Thus, when the magnet or coil is “fixed to the rotating shaft via the support means”, the rotational speed of the magnet or coil increases.

  That is, the angular velocity of the first rotating shaft (assuming to rotate integrally with the coil) is “W1”, and the angular velocity of the second rotating shaft (assuming to rotate integrally with the magnet) is “−W2”. For example, the angular velocity of the second rotating shaft viewed from the first rotating shaft is “W1 + W2”, the rotating radius of the coil fixedly held via the support means is “r1”, and the rotating radius of the magnet is “r2”. Then, the relative speed of both is “r1 · W1 + r2 · W2”.

  As the radii of rotation: r1 and r2 increase, the relative speed between the coil and the magnet increases, and the temporal change in the magnetic flux across the coil also increases. Therefore, it is preferable to set the magnet and the coil appropriately large within the range in which the rotation of the impeller does not become heavy without increasing the size of the power generation means portion.

As a result of numerical analysis, it was confirmed that it is preferable to provide at least 24 magnets / coils to be rotated integrally with the first and second rotating shafts.
In other words, the relative speed increases when the stator and rotor of the generator are phase-inverted. However, if the blades that make up the impeller are made hydraulically movable, it is difficult to increase the rotational speed, so the amount of power generation is secured. For this purpose, the number of magnets / coils, that is, the number of poles of the generator is preferably as large as possible, and it is preferable to have at least 24 poles.
It should be noted that pulsation may be generated when the stator and the rotor are phase-inverted, but it has been confirmed that if the number of poles is increased, the stator and the rotor become smaller and the generation of pulsation is reduced. Also in the case of a movable mechanism using a cam, it is preferable that the number of magnets / coils, that is, the number of poles of the generator is larger in order to reduce the size and secure the amount of power generation.

  Further, when the phase-inversion cross-flow type micro power generator has a “housing”, it is preferable that the outlet of the housing has a “diffuser shape”.

  The water flow is accelerated by the first and second nozzles, rotated after the impeller, and then discharged from the discharge port of the housing. Even after the impeller is rotated, the flow velocity of the water flow remains in the housing The pressure head of the water flow toward the discharge port is lower than the pressure head outside the housing, and if the discharge port is formed as a mere opening in the housing, “ It is difficult for the “water flow after” to be discharged outside the housing.

  Therefore, the water flow after rotating the impeller can be surely discharged to the outside of the housing by setting the discharge port to “diffuser shape” and gradually decreasing the dynamic pressure by the action of this shape to increase the pressure head. .

  The “phase-inverted cross-flow type micro power generator” of the present invention is a “submersible type” capable of generating power even in a submerged state. After receiving the action, the water pressure acts as a resistance force at the portion returning to the position where the action of the water flow is again received. Therefore, it is preferable to reduce the resistance as much as possible at the “return portion” that is not affected by the driving water flow.

  Make each blade of Type 1 and Type 2 impellers movable, and at the part that receives the water flow from the nozzle, make it stand up in the radial direction of the wheel and sufficiently receive the water flow, receive the water flow and rotate the shaft After that, it is possible to increase the rotational force by effectively reducing the resistance at the return part by adopting a configuration that changes the position so that it `` sleeps in the direction following the water flow '' in the part that is close to the part that receives the water flow by the nozzle. it can.

  Further, a preferred configuration of the phase inversion cross flow type micro power generator of the present invention will be described.

“Wings”
1. If the shape of the wing is a cycloid curve, the movable range of the wing can be widened.
2. If the blades have a thickness distribution, the pressure distribution between the blades can be improved and a large shaft torque can be obtained.
3. When the wing size is set so that there is a gap between the rotation axis direction end of the wing attached to the circular support member and the rotation axis, the area where water does not flow between the wings (dead water area) is minimized. It is possible to improve the shaft torque by efficiently using the energy of water (FIG. 8).

“Moveable mechanism”
1. If a water guide nozzle or a guide blade is provided upstream of the impeller, one movable blade can be started up smoothly (FIG. 9).
2. The casing shape of the impeller is a three-dimensional structure that induces swirl in the same direction as the rotation direction of the impeller by adjusting the size of the inlet and outlet so that the amount of water coming out is smaller than the amount of water entering. The shaft torque is improved (FIG. 10).
3. With the configuration of 1.2, the impeller can receive a force in the rotational direction for a long time.

“About shaft torque”
The part where the wing does not receive force from water has a structure that becomes a movable range of the movable mechanism so as to have a wing shape and an angle of attack for obtaining lift.

As described above, according to the present invention, a novel “phase-inverted cross-flow power generator” can be realized. Since this “phase-inverted crossflow power generator” is a crossflow type, the blade shape of the impeller may be simpler than that of the axial flow type, for example, a plate shape or a semi-arc type cross section. Such is easy to manufacture. Moreover, since it is a phase inversion type, a large electromotive force can be obtained.
Further, the micro power generator of the present invention is a “submersible type” capable of generating power in a submerged state, is a power generator that protects nature and does not damage the landscape, and includes, for example, a dam, a weir, a waterway, a pipe, and the like This eliminates the need to newly install the “accompanying facilities for power generation equipment”, thereby saving the time and cost required for infrastructure development.
In addition, as an advantage of the submerged power generator, cooling pipes for buildings with large heads and valuable water from the space station are used as backup power sources, and this power generator is installed in the existing pipes to generate electricity. It is possible to expand the application.

Since the turbine blade has a movable mechanism, it is possible to automatically remove earth and sand and contaminants that flow in with water, and the number of maintenance can be reduced.
In the micro power generator of the present invention, the first type impeller, the second type impeller, and the generator each have a “waterproof unit structure”. The first type impeller, the second type impeller, and the generator are basically composed of one each. However, depending on conditions such as the flow velocity and the width of the water channel, it is possible to connect one or more first-type impellers and similarly connect one or more second-type impellers to generate power with a generator. is there. It is also possible to connect one or more first-type impellers, similarly connect one or more second-type impellers, and further generate power in a configuration with one or more generators.

Hereinafter, embodiments will be described.
FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining one embodiment of a “phase-inversion cross-flow power generation device”.
Fig.1 (a) is the general | schematic figure which looked at the phase inversion crossflow type power generator from the inflow side of the water flow.
In FIG. 1A, reference numeral 31 denotes a casing for hermetically sealing the power generation means, reference numeral 41 denotes a first nozzle, reference numeral 42 denotes a second nozzle, and reference numeral 50 denotes a housing.
1 (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line bb of FIG. 1 (a), FIG. 1 (c) is a cross-sectional view taken along line cc, and FIG. It is the general-view figure seen from the outflow side.

In this embodiment, the horizontal size in FIGS. 1A and 1D is 500 mm, the height size is 300 mm, and the horizontal size in FIGS. 1B and 1C is about 700 mm. .
As shown in FIG. 1A, when the phase-reversed cross-flow power generation device is viewed from the inflow side of the water flow, the casing 31 and the housing 50 are arranged in the left-right direction, and the housing 50 includes first and second nozzles 41. , 42 are connected, and the casing 31 seals the “power generation means” in a watertight manner. The water flow flows from the front side to the back side of the drawing in a direction orthogonal to the drawing of FIG.

In FIG. 1B, reference numeral 12 denotes a second type impeller, reference numeral 22 denotes a second rotating shaft, and reference numeral 51 denotes a discharge port of the housing 50. In FIG.1 (c), the code | symbol 11 has shown the 1st type impeller, and the code | symbol 21 has each shown the 1st rotating shaft. As shown in these drawings, the first nozzle 41 and the second nozzle 42 are formed integrally with the housing 50 as a part of the housing 50.
In FIG. 1B, each blade 121 constituting the second type impeller 12 is directly fixed to a movable mechanism (not shown) provided on the base 12A of the second type impeller 12, and similarly In FIG. 1C, each blade 111 constituting the first type impeller 11 is directly fixed to a movable mechanism (not shown) provided on the base 11A of the first type impeller 11, and each wing is In order to efficiently receive the kinetic energy of water and maximize the rotational energy of the impeller, it is necessary to change the angle of each blade relative to the water flow by the movable mechanism.
The number of blades provided in the impeller shown in FIGS. 1 (b) and 1 (c) is six, but is not limited, and the number of blades is preferably about 6 to 8, and the movable blades are movable. The angle is preferably 45 to 60 °.
As described above, the case where the movable mechanism is provided at the base of the impeller and each blade is attached to the movable mechanism has been described. However, it is also possible to provide the movable mechanism on the rotating shaft and attach each blade to the movable mechanism. The former is treated as a kind of the latter.

  As shown in FIG. 1C, the water flow WI flows into the first nozzle 41 from the left side of the figure. The flow path cross section of the first nozzle 41 is narrowed from the inlet toward the jet nozzle 41A on the first type impeller 11 side, and the inflowing water flow WI travels through the first nozzle 41 toward the jet outlet 41A. The flow is accelerated by decreasing the “flow cross-sectional area”. The water flow accelerated and increased in flow velocity is ejected from the ejection hole 41A toward the blade 111 of the first type impeller 11, and after rotating the first type impeller 11 counterclockwise, becomes a water flow WF. It is discharged from the outlet 51 and becomes a water flow WO.

  As shown in FIG. 1B, the water flow WI flows into the second nozzle 42 from the left side of the figure. The flow path section of the second nozzle 42 becomes narrower from the inlet toward the jet outlet 42A on the second type impeller 12 side, and the inflowing water flow WI travels through the second nozzle 42 toward the jet outlet 42A. The flow is accelerated by decreasing the “flow cross-sectional area”. The water flow accelerated and increased in flow velocity is ejected from the ejection hole 42A toward the blade 121 of the second type impeller 12, and after rotating the second type impeller 12 clockwise, becomes a water flow WF. It is discharged from 51 and becomes a water stream WO.

As shown in FIG. 1D, in the housing 50, the first-type impeller 11 and the second-type impeller 12 are separated by a partition wall 52 of the housing 50, and water flows that rotate the respective impellers interfere with each other. It is supposed not to. The discharge port 51 formed in the housing 50 is opened in common with respect to the water flow in which the first-type impeller 11 and the second main impeller 12 are rotated, as shown in FIGS. 1B and 1C. The “diffuser shape whose cross-sectional area gradually increases toward the discharge side end” is used.
Further, as shown in FIGS. 1B to 1D, the first type impeller 11 has a base 11 </ b> A fixed to the first rotating shaft 21, and the second type impeller 12 is attached to the second rotating shaft 22. The base 12A is fixed. The first rotating shaft 21 has a hollow cylinder shape, the second rotating shaft 22 is disposed inside the first rotating shaft 11, and the first rotating shaft 21 is orthogonal to the drawings in the axial direction (FIGS. 1B and 1C). In the direction in which it is inserted).

  The first rotating shaft 21 and the second rotating shaft 22 are engaged with each other so as to be “rotatable around the axis”, and the first rotating shaft 21 is integrated with the first type impeller 11 in the first direction. The second rotating shaft 22 rotates in a second direction (clockwise in FIG. 1B) integrally with the second type impeller 12. As will be described below, the one or more magnets and the one or more coils included in the power generation means rotate integrally with the first rotating shaft 21 and the second rotating shaft.

  In addition, although the wings 111 and 121 of the first and second type impellers are drawn in a planar shape for the sake of simplicity of illustration, they are actually formed so that the water flow can be effectively received. Needless to say.

FIG. 2 illustrates the inside of the power generation apparatus in an explanatory manner.
As shown in the figure, the first type impeller 11 has its base portion 11A fixed to the first rotating shaft 21, and the second type impeller 12 has its base portion 12A fixed to the second rotating shaft 22.
The first rotating shaft 21 is hollow, and the second rotating shaft 22 penetrates inside the first rotating shaft 21 in the axial direction. The first rotating shaft 21 and the second rotating shaft 22 are coupled by a watertight bearing 210 so that the first rotating shaft 21 and the second rotating shaft 22 are “rotatable in any rotation direction with respect to each other”. ing. The watertight bearing 210 is, for example, a “water-repellent lubricant”.

  A flange-like support means 300 is integrally provided at the left end of the first rotating shaft 21 in the drawing, and is formed on the inner peripheral surface of a hollow cylinder-like bent portion formed at the radial end thereof. A plurality of magnets 301 are fixed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. The number of magnets is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected. For example, it is about 10 to 32, and it is preferable to have at least 24 as described above.

  On the other hand, in the vicinity of the left end portion of the second rotating shaft 22, a flange-like support means 303 is provided integrally with the second rotating shaft 22 and is formed in a hollow cylinder shape formed at the radial end portion thereof. The outer peripheral surface portion of the bent portion is opposed to the inner peripheral surface of the bent portion of the support means 303, and a plurality of coils 304 corresponding to the magnets 301 are fixed to the outer peripheral surface portion. The number of coils is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected. For example, the number is about 10 to 32, and as described above, it is preferable to have at least 24 coils.

The coil 304 is connected to a commutator 306 by a conducting wire 305, and the voltage of the brush 307 that is in sliding contact with the commutator 306 is applied to the capacitor 308 and the load 309.
The flange-shaped support means 300, 303, the plurality of magnets 301, the plurality of coils 304, the conducting wire 305, the commutator 306, and the brush 307 constitute “power generation means” and are sealed in the casing 31 in a watertight manner. In addition, it can replace with what consists of a commutator and a brush, and can use the bearingless thing which has a rotor and a stator as a component.

  That is, the power generator shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 is a phase inversion cross-flow type small power generator having a rotation axis in the direction intersecting the water flow, and receives the water flow in the first direction (FIG. 1 ( a first-type impeller 11 that rotates counterclockwise in c) and a second-type blade that rotates in a second direction opposite to the first direction (clockwise in FIG. 1B) upon receiving a water flow. It is coaxial with the vehicle 12, the first and second type impellers 11, 12, is engaged with the first type impeller 11, and is engaged with the first type impeller 11 and the second type impeller 12. The second rotating shaft 22 that is rotated in the axial direction inside the first rotating shaft 21 and one or more magnets that rotate integrally with one of the first rotating shaft 21 and the second rotating shaft 22 301 and one or more coils 304 that rotate integrally with the other, and the inflowing water flow WI as a first type impeller 11 It has a first nozzle 41 to accelerate toward, a second nozzle 42 to accelerate toward the water flow WI Second Tanetsubasasha 12 flowing, and a casing 31 for sealing the power generating unit in a watertight manner.

  Further, the inlets 41A and 42A that surround the first-type impeller 11 and the second-type impeller 12 and receive the water flow from the first and second nozzles 41 and 42, and the first-type impeller 11 and the second The housing 50 has a discharge port 51 for discharging the water flow WE obtained by rotating the seed impeller 12, and the discharge port 51 of the housing 50 has a diffuser shape.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining an embodiment of the phase-inversion cross-flow power generator according to the present invention.
In this embodiment, the water flow is accelerated toward the first and second nozzles 41 and 42 in the phase-inversion cross-flow power generator described above with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. An auxiliary nozzle 400 is provided.
The auxiliary nozzle 400 has a cross-sectional area that gradually decreases from the inlet of the water flow WI (the left end in the figure) to the portion connected to the inlets of the first and second nozzles 41 and 42, and the incoming water flow WI is reduced. It is accelerated and flows into the first and second nozzles 41 and 42. The auxiliary nozzle 400 is separate from the main body of the phase-inverted crossflow power generator, and is installed in a portion where the flow velocity or the drop of the water flow of the phase-inverted crossflow power generator main body is small. 1. It arrange | positions so that it may connect with the 2nd nozzle side.

  The water flows flowing in from the first and second nozzles 41 and 42 are “accelerated further” by the nozzles 41 and 42, and are injected to the first and second type impellers 11 and 12. Thereby, it is possible to “increase the rotational speed of the impeller” further than in the case of the embodiment of FIGS.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the power generation device of the present invention using a cam. FIG. 4 (a) shows the case where an inner ring cam is used, and FIG. 4 (b) shows the case where an outer ring cam is used. In order to avoid confusion, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 and 2 are attached to those which are not likely to be confused.
The form of FIG. 4A shows “part of the second type impeller”. A cam 122 that changes the state of the blade 121 of the second type impeller coaxially with the second rotating shaft 22 is fixedly provided in the device space, and the blade 121 is attached to the ring-shaped support member 120 on the “impeller radius”. A part of the direction is pivotally supported by the shaft J ”, and the cam 122 is driven by the cam 122 as one end in the radial direction of the impeller.

  A pair of ring-shaped support members 120 are provided in a direction orthogonal to the drawing, and support both ends of the blade 121 in the width direction (direction orthogonal to the drawing) to be “swingable about the axis J”. Yes. The support member 120 is integral with the second rotation shaft 22 and rotates the second rotation shaft 22.

  The blades 121 stand in the radial direction of the impeller at the portion (the upper portion in FIG. 4A) that receives the water flow W1 by “the one end portion in the radial direction of the impeller follows the cam 122 as a cam follower”. After receiving and rotating the shaft, it swings so as to lie down in a direction following the water flow at a portion close to the portion that receives the water flow W1 by the nozzle, and changes its position. Due to this change in position, the portion that receives the water flow W1 effectively receives the water flow W1 and generates an effective torque to rotate the second rotating shaft 22, but the water flow W2 obtained by rotating the second type impeller is the blade. When it does not act on the wing, the wing 121 is in a position to sleep in a direction following the water flow, and the resistance is reduced.

In the embodiment of FIG. 4B, the wing 121 is attached to the pair of ring-shaped support members integrated with the second rotating shaft 22 as in the case of FIG. Is pivotally supported by a shaft J ”.
In this embodiment, the first type impeller and the second type impeller surround the inlet that receives the water flow W1 from the first and second nozzles, and the water flow obtained by rotating the first and second type impellers. A cam 123 having a housing having a discharge port for discharging W2 and controlling the swing of the blade 121 is provided on the inner wall of the housing.

The water flow W1 causes the fluid pressure to act on the blade 121 to rotate the second rotating shaft 22 together with the support member 120. At this time, the portion where the blade 121 effectively receives the water flow W1 stands in the radial direction of the impeller, rotates the shaft 22 in response to the water flow, and then sleeps in a direction following the water flow at a portion approaching the portion receiving the water flow W1 again. To change the position. The cam 123 acts on the end of the blade 121 in the radial direction of the impeller and controls the swing of the blade 121 so as to cause the above-described change of position.
The driving of the blades of the first type impeller is the same as described above.
The phase inversion crossflow generator shown in the embodiment in FIG. 4 is effective when the first and second type impellers are rotated at a high speed, for example, at about 300 to 2400 rpm.

FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B are schematic views showing an inner ring cam and an outer ring cam, respectively. The reference numerals are the same as those in FIG.
FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of the phase-inversion crossflow power generator of the present invention. In order to avoid complications, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1, 2, and 4 are attached to those that are not likely to be confused.

The rotation of the type 2 impeller will be described. The type 2 impeller has a pair of blade end locking means 23 coaxially with the rotation axis. The blade end locking means 23 is disk-shaped and fixed to the second rotating shaft 22, and a plurality of locking pins 230 are implanted at equal intervals around the periphery thereof.
Each blade 121 is swingable on the outer end side in the radial direction of the impeller by being pivotally supported by the pair of ring-shaped support members 120A by the axis J1, and the blade end is caused to swing by the water flow W1. It is locked by the locking means 23.

The water flow W1 applies a flow pressure to the blades 121 to rotate the second rotating shaft 22 together with the support member 120A. At this time, at the portion where the blade 121 effectively receives the water flow W1, as shown in the drawing, the free end side of the blade 121 is locked by the locking pin 230, so that the blade 121 stands in the radial direction of the impeller, but receives the water flow W1. After rotating the shaft 22, the lock by the locking pin 230 of the wing 121 is released at a portion close to the portion that receives the water flow by the nozzle, and the greedy 121 changes its position to “sleep in the direction following the water flow”. To effectively reduce the water supply at this site.
This type of form is effective when the first and second type impellers are rotated at a rotational speed of, for example, about 80 rpm to 300 rpm.

FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram showing an impeller provided with a side plate, which is a power generation device according to a second aspect of the present invention. In addition, the same code | symbol as in FIGS. 1-6 is attached | subjected about what does not seem to have the possibility of confusion.
When this impeller is described as a second type impeller, a pair of disc-shaped circular support members (side plates) 551 are provided at both ends of the second rotating shaft 22 (one side plate is not shown). Are fixed coaxially, and the NACA airfoil blade 111 is swingably attached to the vicinity of the outer edges of the two side plates 551 using the pin 552 as a movable mechanism.
Since the blade 111 is movable by the pin 552, the portion that receives the water flow by the nozzle stands in the radial direction of the impeller, rotates the rotary shaft 22 by receiving the water flow, and then approaches the portion that does not receive the water flow by the nozzle. In the part, the posture is changed to sleep in the direction following the water flow.
The side plate 551 has an effect of holding water captured by the wing 111, and the amount of leakage from the gap 553 between the wing 111 and the side plate 551 is 5% or less, which is not a problem as the intended power generator.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing an example of an impeller that constitutes the power generation device according to the second aspect of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram similar to FIG. 7, and shows a state in which the wing 111 is swingably attached to the vicinity of the outer edge of the side plate 551 using the pin 552 as a movable mechanism.
In this example, a plurality of locking grooves 23-1 are formed as blade tip locking means 23 on the outer peripheral portion of the rotating shaft 22, and the effect of locking the end of the blade rotating around the pin 552 is given. ing.
The shape of the wing shown in the figure is effective for forming a flow of water (1) for raising the wing 111-1, and generating lift (2) in the wing 111-2.
Although not shown, a plurality of locking pins can be attached as the blade end locking means on the inner peripheral portion of the rotating shaft 22 on the side plate 551 to bring about the same effect as the locking groove 23-1.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of the attachment positions of the blades and the rotary shaft in the impeller that constitutes the power generation device according to the second aspect of the present invention.
The wing 111 is attached in the vicinity of the outer edge of the side plate 551 using the pin 552 as a movable mechanism. A space is provided between one end A of the blade 111 attached to the circular support member and the rotary shaft 22. When there is almost no gap, there may be a region where water does not flow between the blades (dead water region), and water energy may not be used efficiently. In the example of FIG. Since it is provided, a dead water region is not formed, and the shaft torque can be improved.

FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing a modified example of the water introduction nozzle of the impeller constituting the power generator of the present invention.
The wing 111 is swingably attached near the outer edge of the side plate 551 using the pin 552 as a movable mechanism. By providing the water guide groove 42-1 in the nozzle 42, the movable blade 111-1 can be started up smoothly and quickly.

FIG. 11 shows a casing structure that constitutes the power generation device of the present invention and induces swirl. (A) is sectional drawing, (b) is a schematic diagram.
Adjust the size of the inlet and outlet so that the casing shape of the impeller is less than the amount of water entering, so that some of the water does not exit the outlet but flows in the rotational direction of the impeller. The three-dimensional structure is formed to induce the swirl in the same direction to improve the axial torque.

The numerical calculation and verification experiment performed in the process of creating the present invention will be specifically described.
"Investigation of movable wing mechanism by numerical calculation"
The numerical calculation was performed based on the following ideas 1 to 8 using “SCRYU / Tetra ver. 6 (Software Cradle Co., Ltd.)”, a commercially available general-purpose fluid numerical calculation software.
1. The force acting on the wing during one revolution of the impeller is averaged.
2. The blade used is a flat blade having a length of 135 mm and a width of 170 mm.
3. Consider the possibility when the shaft diameter is 90 mm and the generator is built into the shaft.
4). The effect of flat blade aspect ratio and the difference of semi-arc blades are compared.
5). The casing of the basic form is a parallel plate.
6). In accordance with the inflow conditions, the housing is shaped like a rear step.
7). The pressure distribution and velocity distribution of the flow field are obtained by changing the blade shape and the number of blades.
8). Find the average force applied to the wing.

In order to investigate the characteristics of general-purpose software, the flow in the pipe in the straight pipe was calculated numerically, and the number of meshes and the time step were determined so that the velocity distribution was close to the experimental value. Since it is not possible to calculate the rotational force of the impeller from the fluid force by simulating an actual power generation device, one rotation of the impeller is divided for each predetermined rotation angle, the phase is changed, and the calculation is performed. The average value for one vehicle cycle was calculated.
In the first half cycle of the movable impeller, the blade gains fluid force, but in the remaining half cycle, the blade becomes resistance to rotation, and if there is a blade in this half cycle, the impeller does not rotate. The calculation was made on the assumption that the wing was not present (the wing was folded).

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the impeller provided in the model machine used in the verification experiment, (a) is a model diagram, (b) is a calculation model used for numerical analysis, and (c) is a model machine. Indicates.
As shown to (a), the wing | blade 111 is attached to the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 22 by the pin 552 as a movable mechanism so that rocking | fluctuation is possible.
The wing 111 does not have a packet structure and is a “flat wing without a side plate”.
Since the number of blades is six and is movable by the pin 552, the portion receiving the water flow by the nozzle stands in the radial direction of the impeller, receives the water flow, rotates the rotating shaft 22, and then receives the water flow by the nozzle. The position is changed to “sleep in a direction that follows the water flow” in a portion that approaches a non-existing portion.
The numerical analysis model shown in FIG. 12B shows a state in which the three blades 111 have a packet structure and the impeller stands in a radial direction at a portion that receives a water flow from the nozzle.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the results of numerical calculations, with the blade axle torque as the vertical axis and the number of blades as the horizontal axis. As is clear from this figure, it was found that in the case of flat blades, high shaft torque can be obtained when the number of blades is 6 to 15. In addition, in the case of “horizontal plate blades” and “vertical plate blades” having the same blade area, high torque can be obtained with 9 to 12 blades in the former case, but the influence of the number of blades is small in the latter case. With the exception of 10 sheets, it was found that “between 6 and 15 sheets, a higher shaft torque can be obtained than with flat plate blades”.
Furthermore, the axial torque of the “horizontal semicircular wing” with a semicircular cross section is approximately twice that of a flat wing when the water flow rate is the same. The higher the number of blades, the higher the “torque”. Was found to be possible.

FIG. 14 is a graph showing the result of numerical calculation based on the difference in airfoil, in which the horizontal axis indicates the flow direction distance, and the vertical axis indicates the flow path width, that is, the width of the casing of the power generator.
The calculation was made dimensionless with the flow path width (the length of the vertical axis being D) as 1, and the calculation region was 10D upstream of the impeller and 20D downstream of the impeller. The inlet velocity is assumed to be “uniform inflow conditions”, the flow is assumed to flow from left to right at 2 m / s, and the lower half of the impeller simulates a movable mechanism in which the wings are folded. “No wings attached.”
The figure shows (a) a horizontally long flat blade, (b) a vertically long flat blade, and (c) a semi-circular blade in order to clarify "the flow around an impeller with different airfoils." Also shows a case where the projected areas (areas when the impeller is viewed from the front) are equal.
The figure shows the pressure distribution and the velocity vector. The pressure distribution indicates “a high concentration region has a high pressure” and “low concentration region has a low pressure”. From this result, it can be expected that a high shaft torque can be obtained when the ratio of the high concentration region on the upstream side of the blade is large.
The velocity vector reveals the flow between the blades, and the vector diagram shows the direction of the flow hitting the impeller.

"Verification experiment using model machine"
Prepared as a model machine, a single impeller unit that is movable by providing six "packet structure" wings made of aluminum with a length of 135 mm and a width of 710 mm, with a pin on the rotating shaft with a diameter of 90 mm. did.
FIG. 12 shows the model machine, FIG. 12-1 is a front view, FIG. 12-2 is a perspective view, and shows a state in which six packet structure (P) blades 111 are fixed to a movable mechanism on a rotating shaft. Show.
The model machines were sequentially installed at five locations in the river in the Chino city, Nagano Prefecture, and the impeller was rotated to measure the axial torque using a spring balance for both cases with and without a head.

FIG. 15 is a graph in which the vertical axis represents the impeller torque and the horizontal axis represents the flow velocity of the river, the experimental results are plotted, and the numerical calculation results are represented by solid lines.
FIG. 16 is a graph in which the vertical axis indicates the power generation amount and the horizontal axis indicates the blade axle torque, and plots the “power generation amount calculated from the value of the shaft torque obtained by the experiment” and the numerical calculation result is represented by a solid line. is there. In both cases, it can be seen that the experimental results and the numerical analysis results are in good agreement.
It is clear that the axial torque obtained with a flow field without a head is lower than that with a head, especially because it is not easy to extract effective power from a flow with low or no head. In order to obtain the amount of electricity generated, it is necessary to provide a “nozzle for accelerating the flow” at the water intake of the power generation device or to devise the airfoil.

It is a figure for demonstrating one Embodiment of a phase inversion crossflow type electric power generating apparatus. It is a figure for demonstrating the part of the electric power generation means in embodiment of FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the characteristic part of embodiment of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the characteristic part of embodiment of this invention. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the impeller of the electric power generating apparatus of the 2nd aspect of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the impeller of the electric power generating apparatus of the 2nd aspect of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the attachment position of the wing | blade and rotating shaft in an impeller at the time of providing the side plate of the electric power generating apparatus of this invention. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a mounting position of a blade and a rotary shaft of the impeller of the power generator according to the present invention, in which an interval between the one end of the blade and the rotary shaft is provided. It is the schematic diagram which showed the modification of the water introduction nozzle which provides a water conduit in the electric power generating apparatus of this invention. The casing structure which comprises the electric power generating apparatus of this invention and induces a swirl is shown, (a) is sectional drawing, (b) is a schematic diagram. It is the impeller provided in the model machine used for verification experiment, (a) is a schematic diagram, (b) is a calculation model used for numerical analysis, (c) shows the photograph of a model machine. It is a graph showing a numerical calculation result. It is a graph showing a numerical calculation result. It is the graph which compared the verification experiment result and the numerical calculation result. It is the graph which compared the verification experiment result and the numerical calculation result.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 1st type impeller 12 2nd type impeller 21 1st rotating shaft 22 2nd rotating shaft 30 Electric power generation means 41 1st nozzle 42 2nd nozzle 31 Casing 551 Circular support member (side plate)
552 pin (movable mechanism)

Claims (14)

A cross flow type power generator having a rotation axis in the direction intersecting the water flow,
A first type impeller that rotates in a first direction in response to a water flow;
A second type impeller that receives a water flow and rotates in a second direction opposite to the first direction;
A first rotating shaft that is coaxial with the first and second type impellers and is rotated by engaging with the first type impeller;
A second rotating shaft that is engaged with and rotated by the second type impeller and penetrates in the axial direction inside the first rotating shaft;
A magnet that rotates integrally with one of the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft, and a coil that rotates integrally with the other, and includes one magnet and one coil on the circumference. Power generation means having poles;
A first nozzle for accelerating the inflowing water stream toward the first type impeller,
A second nozzle for accelerating the inflowing water stream toward the second type impeller,
A casing for watertight sealing the power generation means,
Furthermore, each blade of the first type impeller and the second type impeller stands in the radial direction of the impeller at a portion that receives the water flow by the nozzle, receives the water flow, rotates the shaft, and then receives the water flow by the nozzle. A movable mechanism is provided in the first-type impeller and the second-type impeller to change the position by a hydraulic force or mechanically so as to sleep in a direction following the water flow in a portion approaching the non-existing portion,
A phase-reversed cross-flow type ultra-compact, characterized in that it can convert 50% or more of the kinetic energy of water into the rotational energy of the impeller even when installed in a water channel with a head of 2m or less and submerged. Power generation device. In the phase inversion cross flow type micro power generator according to claim 1,
A phase inversion cross-flow type small power generator characterized in that the power generation means has at least 24 poles composed of one magnet and one coil on the circumference. In the phase inversion crossflow type micro power generator according to claim 1 or 2,
Each of the blades constituting the first-type impeller and the second-type impeller is directly fixed to a movable mechanism provided on each of the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft and is movable. Inverted cross flow type small power generator. In the phase inversion cross flow type micro power generator according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
An inlet that surrounds the first and second type impellers and receives the water flows from the first and second nozzles, and a first discharge that discharges the water flow that rotates the first and second type impellers. A phase-inversion cross-flow type micro power generator having a housing having a discharge port and a second discharge port. In the phase inversion cross flow type micro power generator according to claim 4,
A phase inversion cross-flow type micro power generator characterized in that a first discharge port and a second discharge port have a diffuser shape. In the phase inversion crossflow type micro power generator according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
Each of the wings fixed to the movable mechanism is supported by a support member, and the pair of support members are fixed to both ends of the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft so as to rotate coaxially. A phase inversion cross-flow type micro power generator characterized by In the phase inversion crossflow type micro power generator according to claim 6,
A phase inversion cross flow type micro power generator characterized in that the support member has a ring shape or a disk shape. In the phase inversion crossflow type micro power generator according to claim 6 or 7,
A cam that changes the state of the blades of the first type wheel and the second type wheel is coaxially mounted on the inner space of the support member, coaxially with the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft.
Each blade of the first type impeller and the second type impeller is swingably supported by a part of the impeller radial direction, and is driven by the cam using one end portion in the radial direction of the impeller as a cam follower. A phase inversion cross-flow type micro power generator characterized by the above. In the phase inversion cross flow type micro power generator according to claim 8,
A phase inversion cross-flow type micro power generator characterized in that a cam is provided fixed to the housing side of the first type impeller and the second type impeller. In the phase inversion crossflow type micro power generator according to any one of claims 6 to 9,
The first-type impeller and the second-type impeller are provided with blade end locking means coaxially with the rotating shaft,
Each blade of the first type impeller and the second type impeller is pivotally supported on the outer end side in the radial direction of the impeller and is swingable. The locking means includes a plurality of locking mechanisms. A phase inversion cross-flow type micro power generation device characterized in that the swinging movement of a blade by water flow is locked by the locking mechanism. In the phase inversion crossflow type micro power generator according to claim 10,
The locking mechanism is composed of a locking pin or a locking groove, and an inner peripheral portion of a disk-shaped support member to which each wing is movably attached, a peripheral portion of a disk member separately mounted on a rotating shaft, or a rotating shaft. A phase inversion cross-flow type micro power generator characterized by being provided on an outer peripheral surface portion. In the phase inversion crossflow type micro power generator according to any one of claims 1 to 11,
A phase inversion crossflow type small power generator characterized in that a movable mechanism is fixed by moving a wing by a pin or a groove. In the phase inversion crossflow type micro power generator according to any one of claims 1 to 12,
A phase inversion cross-flow type micro power generator characterized in that the blades constituting the impeller have a cross section of a flat blade, a semi-arc blade, a curved blade or a NACA airfoil. In the phase inversion crossflow type micro power generator according to any one of claims 1 to 13,
A phase-inversion cross-flow type micro power generator having an auxiliary nozzle for accelerating a water flow toward the first and second nozzles.

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