JP2009007474A - Biomass gasifying apparatus and biomass gasifying method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a biomass gasifying apparatus primarily capable of continuously producing a produced gas and secondly capable of producing a clean and high calory produced gas by reducing the incorporation of nitrogen. <P>SOLUTION: The biomass gasifying apparatus B for gasifying biomass S3 is provided with a biomass charging tank 20b connected to a reaction tube 7, wherein steam flows, through a first supply pipe 20a and temporarily storing the biomass S3 supplied to the reaction tube 7 and a hopper 20d connected to the biomass charging tank 20b through a second supply pipe 20c and temporarily storing the biomass S3 to be supplied to the biomass charging tank 20b. The second supply pipe 20c is provided with a biomass supplying feeder valve 21 for supplying the biomass S3 to the biomass charging tank 20b from the hopper 20d without making the hopper 20d communicate with the biomass charging tank 20b. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a biomass gasification apparatus and a biomass gasification method that gasify biomass to produce clean high-calorie gas.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a biomass gasification apparatus that generates clean high calorie gas (produced gas) used for fuel of a power generation gas engine having high power generation efficiency by gasifying biomass is known (for example, Patent Document 1). reference). And in this kind of biomass gasification apparatus (gasification apparatus) A, as shown in FIG. 3, for example, the gasification reaction equipment 1 which gasifies biomass and the gasification reaction equipment 1 are heated. A hot gas generation furnace 2, a biomass supply facility 3 for supplying biomass to the gasification reaction facility 1, a dehydrator 4 for removing moisture and the like from the biomass gas (hydrated product gas) G1 generated by the gasification reaction facility 1, Some have a gas tank 5 that stores the generated gas G2 processed by the dehydrator 4.

  The gasification reaction facility 1 includes a heating chamber 6 and a reaction tube 7, and the heating chamber 6 receives a biomass coarse powder S 2 generated by pulverizing the dried biomass raw material S 1 with the pulverization facility 8. Then, it is connected to the hot gas generating furnace 2 for burning it, and is heated by the high temperature hot gas H introduced into the hot gas generating furnace 2 from the inside. The reaction tube 7 is formed by connecting a first U-shaped tube 7a, an inverted U-shaped tube 7b, and a second U-shaped tube 7c, and is an inverted U of the first U-shaped tube 7a and the second U-shaped tube 7c. Each straight pipe portion 7d, 7e that is not connected to the letter-shaped pipe 7b is provided in the heating chamber 6 in a state of extending outside the heating chamber 6. The reaction tube 7 provided in this way is heated at a high temperature exceeding 800 ° C., for example, by the hot gas H introduced into the heating chamber 6. The reaction tube 7 in the heating chamber 6 includes a reaction water evaporation unit 9, the other straight tube portion of the first U-shaped tube 7a, and the other straight tube portion of the first U-shaped tube 7a. One straight pipe part of the inverted U-shaped tube 7b connected to the part is the primary gasification part 10, the other straight pipe part of the inverted U-shaped pipe 7b and the second U-shaped pipe 7c are the secondary gasification part 11. Is configured.

  On the other hand, the biomass supply facility 3 includes a biomass charging tank 3a for temporarily storing the biomass fine powder S3 pulverized by the pulverizing facility 8, and a primary gasification unit 10 for the biomass charging tank 3a and the reaction tube 7. A connected supply pipe 3b and a biomass supply apparatus 3c for supplying a predetermined amount of biomass fine powder S3 from the biomass charging tank 3a to the reaction pipe 7 through the supply pipe 3b are provided.

  In the gasifier A configured as described above, when the reaction water W is supplied from one straight pipe portion 7d that extends outside the heating chamber 6 of the first U-shaped tube 7a, the reaction water W reacts. The water evaporates and evaporates, and the water vapor is supplied to the primary gasifier 10. At this time, the biomass fine powder S3 stored in the biomass charging tank 3a is supplied from the supply pipe 3b to the primary gasification unit 10 of the reaction pipe 7 by driving the biomass supply device 3c. The supplied biomass fine powder S3 is pyrolyzed and gasified almost instantaneously while floating in the water vapor stream in the primary gasification unit 10, and the biomass gas generated by this gasification circulates in the secondary gasification unit 11. At the same time, tar and soot contained in the gas are decomposed. Then, the water-containing product gas G1 produced (produced) in this way is sent to the dehydrating device 4 to remove moisture and the like to become a clean and high-calorie product gas G2, which is stored in the gas tank 5.

On the other hand, when producing the product gas G2 from the biomass S1 as described above, residues such as ash accumulate in the lower part of the reaction tube 7 (for example, the lower part of the second U-shaped tube 7c). For this reason, the gasifier A is provided with a residue discharge pipe 12 having one end connected to the lower portion of the secondary gasification section 11 and extending to the outside of the heating chamber 6, so that the residue accumulated in the reaction tube 7 can be appropriately removed. It discharges to the outside through the residue discharge pipe 12.
JP 2004-51717 A

  However, in the gasifier A, the water vapor circulated from the reaction water evaporation unit 9 to the primary gasification unit 10 flows to the biomass charging tank 3a side through the supply pipe 3b of the biomass supply facility 3, and the stored biomass fines There is a possibility that the S3 becomes wet and the biomass fine powder S3 cannot be suitably supplied to the reaction tube 7.

  Therefore, in the conventional gasifier A, air and nitrogen gas are separately supplied to the biomass charging tank 3a, and the air and nitrogen gas are directed to the reaction tube 7 together with the biomass fine powder S3 from the biomass charging tank 3a. It is supplied to the supply pipe 3b so as to be circulated, and the flow of air or nitrogen gas prevents water vapor from flowing to the biomass charging tank 3a side.

  However, when air or nitrogen gas is supplied in this way to prevent water vapor from flowing into the biomass charging tank 3a, it is necessary to keep the biomass charging tank 3a in an airtight state. For this reason, the production gas G2 is produced by the batch processing of the biomass charging tank 3a, which makes it impossible to operate continuously for a long time, leading to a decrease in production efficiency of the production gas G2.

  Moreover, since air and nitrogen gas are supplied to the reaction tube 7 together with the biomass fine powder S3, a large amount of nitrogen is contained in the product gas G2, so that the calorific value per unit amount of the product gas G2 is reduced. End up. That is, there is a problem that the calorific value of the generated gas G2 is reduced by the air or nitrogen gas supplied to prevent the inflow of water vapor into the biomass charging tank 3a. When the product gas G2 mixed with a large amount of nitrogen is used as the fuel for the power generation gas engine E, there is a disadvantage that the gas engine E needs to be mixed with LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas).

  In view of the above circumstances, the present invention is firstly a biomass gasifier capable of continuously generating product gas, and secondly, a cleaner and higher-calorie production by reducing the amount of nitrogen mixed in. An object of the present invention is to provide a biomass gasification apparatus and a biomass gasification method capable of generating gas.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following means.

  The biomass gasification apparatus of the present invention is a biomass gasification apparatus that supplies biomass to a reaction tube through which water vapor flows to gasify the biomass, and is connected to the reaction tube via a first supply tube. And a biomass input tank for temporarily storing the biomass to be supplied to the reaction tube, and the biomass input tank connected to the biomass input tank via a second supply tube and supplied to the biomass input tank A biomass hopper for temporarily storing biomass, and supplying the biomass from the hopper to the biomass input tank without connecting the hopper and the biomass input tank to the second supply pipe. A feeder valve is provided.

  In the present invention, the biomass supply feeder valve is provided in the second supply pipe connecting the hopper and the biomass input tank, so that the biomass is supplied from the hopper to the biomass input tank by driving the feeder valve. be able to. Also, at this time, since the hopper and the biomass input tank do not communicate with each other, the biomass can be supplied from the hopper to the biomass input tank in a state where airtightness of the biomass input tank is secured. By driving the biomass supply feeder valve, the biomass can be continuously supplied to the biomass input tank.

  Further, in the biomass gasification apparatus of the present invention, one end is connected to the reaction tube, and a residue discharge pipe for discharging the residue accumulated in the reaction tube by gasification of the biomass to the outside is provided, the residue It is desirable that the discharge pipe is provided with a residue discharge feeder valve that discharges the residue from the reaction pipe without communicating the reaction pipe with the outside.

  In this invention, the residue collected in the reaction tube can be discharged to the outside by driving the residue discharge feeder valve. At this time, the reaction tube and the outside do not communicate with each other, and the residue discharging feeder valve can be continuously driven to continuously discharge the residue to the outside, so that the operation of the gasifier is stopped. The residue accumulated in the reaction tube can be discharged without any trouble.

  Furthermore, in the biomass gasification apparatus of the present invention, a gas tank that stores the generated gas generated by gasifying the biomass in the reaction tube, and the generated gas stored in the gas tank is supplied to the biomass input tank. It is more desirable to provide the product gas returning means.

  In this invention, by supplying the generated gas to the biomass input tank by the generated gas return means, the biomass stored in the biomass input tank can be supplied to the reaction tube together with the generated gas through the first supply pipe. It is possible to prevent water vapor from flowing toward the biomass charging tank by the flow of the product gas. Thereby, since biomass can be suitably supplied to the reaction tube without using air or nitrogen gas as in the prior art, it is possible to generate a product gas with a small amount of nitrogen.

  The biomass gasification method of the present invention is a method of gasifying the biomass by supplying biomass through a supply pipe connected to the reaction pipe while circulating water vapor in a reaction pipe provided in the biomass gasification apparatus, A product gas generated by gasifying the biomass by the gasifier is supplied to the supply pipe so as to be circulated toward the reaction pipe together with the biomass.

  In this invention, it is possible to prevent water vapor from flowing from the reaction tube to the supply tube by supplying the product gas generated in advance by the gasifier to the reaction tube together with the biomass through the supply tube. Further, by using the product gas instead of the conventional air or nitrogen gas, it is possible to generate a product gas with a small amount of nitrogen.

  According to the biomass gasification apparatus of the present invention, it is not necessary to perform generation of the generated gas by batch processing of the biomass input tank as in the conventional gasifier, and the generated gas is generated by performing continuous operation for a long time. It is possible to improve production efficiency.

  Moreover, according to the biomass gasification apparatus and the biomass gasification method of the present invention, it is possible to reliably generate a clean and high-calorie product gas with a smaller amount of nitrogen in the product gas compared to conventional gasifiers. Is possible.

  Hereinafter, with reference to FIG.1 and FIG.2, the gasification apparatus of biomass which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. The present embodiment relates to a biomass gasification apparatus and a biomass gasification method capable of efficiently producing clean and high calorie product gas from biomass.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the biomass gasification apparatus (gasification apparatus) B of the present embodiment includes a pulverization facility 8 for pulverizing the biomass raw material S1 and a gasification reaction facility 1 for gasifying the biomass (biomass fine powder S3). A hot gas generator 2 for heating the gasification reaction facility 1, a biomass supply facility 20 that receives the biomass fine powder S3 pulverized by the pulverization facility 8 and supplies it to the gasification reaction facility 1, and a gasification reaction facility 1. The dehydrating device 4 that removes moisture and the like from the water-containing product gas G1 generated in step 1 and the gas tank 5 that stores the generated gas G2 processed by the dehydrating device 4 are configured.

  The crushing equipment 8 includes, for example, a crusher and an impact mill. For example, the pulverization equipment 8 receives and pulverizes the biomass raw material S1 that has been dried in advance so that the moisture content is 30% or less. The coarse powder S2 and the biomass fine powder S3 having an average particle size of 3 mm or less are configured to be separable.

  The hot gas generating furnace 2 receives the biomass coarse powder S2 from the pulverization facility 8, burns the biomass coarse powder S2 at a high temperature of, for example, 900 to 1200 ° C. with a combustion support agent such as air, and the like. H is generated. And the produced | generated hot gas H is supplied to the gasification reaction equipment 1, and this gasification reaction equipment 1 is heated.

  The gasification reaction facility 1 includes a heating chamber 6 and a reaction tube 7 as in the conventional gasification apparatus A shown in FIG. 3, and the heating chamber 6 includes heat generated in the hot gas generator 2. An inlet 6a for introducing the gas H and an outlet 6b for discharging the hot gas H flowing through the heating chamber 6 to the outside are provided. In addition, the hot gas H discharged | emitted from the discharge port 6b is sent, for example to a chimney etc., and is discharged | emitted.

  The reaction tube 7 is formed by connecting a first U-shaped tube 7 a, an inverted U-shaped tube 7 b, and a second U-shaped tube 7 c, and is disposed inside the heating chamber 6. Further, one straight pipe portion 7d, 7e of each of the first U-shaped tube 7a and the second U-shaped tube 7c is provided to extend to the outside of the heating chamber 6. Then, one straight pipe part 7d of the first U-shaped pipe 7a is connected to the reaction water evaporation part 9, the other straight pipe part of the first U-shaped pipe 7a and the other straight pipe part 7b. One of the straight pipe sections constitutes the primary gasification section 10, and the other straight pipe section of the inverted U-shaped pipe 7b and the second U-shaped pipe 7c constitute the secondary gasification section 11.

  On the other hand, the biomass supply facility 20 is connected (connected) to the inverted U-shaped tube 7b of the reaction tube 7 via a first supply tube (supply tube) 20a, and the primary gasification unit 10 is connected through the first supply tube 20a. The biomass charging tank 20b for temporarily storing the biomass fine powder S3 to be supplied to the tank, and the biomass charging tank 20b are connected to the biomass charging tank 20b via the second supply pipe 20c. Temporarily storing hopper 20d and biomass fine powder S3, which is provided in the first supply pipe 20a and supplied from the hopper 20d to the biomass input tank 20b, is supplied from the biomass input tank 20b to the primary gasifier 10 ( A biomass supply device 20e that supplies the reaction tube 7) is provided.

  Further, the biomass supply facility 20 of the present embodiment is provided with a biomass supply feeder valve 21 for supplying the biomass fine powder S3 from the hopper 20d to the biomass input tank 20b in the second supply pipe 20c. The biomass supply feeder valve 21 of the present embodiment is a so-called ball feeder, and as shown in FIG. 2A, the biomass supply feeder valve 21 is formed in a cylindrical shape and has an inner surface (spherical seat) 22a in the center in the direction of the axis O1. The feeder main body portion 22 includes a ball housing portion 22 b formed in a circular shape, and the balls 23 are rotatably accommodated in the ball housing portion 22 b of the feeder main body portion 22. The ball 23 is formed in a hollow spherical shape and includes an opening 23b penetrating from the outer surface to the inner surface to communicate the hollow portion 23a with the outside. Further, the ball 23 is accommodated in the ball accommodating portion 22b in a state where the outer surface thereof is in close contact with the spherical seat 22a of the feeder main body 22, and the outer surface is spherically seated in one direction (rotation direction T) shown in FIG. It is provided to be rotatable while being in sliding contact with 22a.

  In the biomass supply feeder valve 21 configured as described above, the lower end portion of the upper second supply pipe 20f (20c) connected to the hopper 20d is fitted to the upper end side of the feeder main body portion 22 so that the feeder main body 22 is fitted. An upper end portion of a lower second supply pipe 20g (20c) connected to the biomass charging tank 20b is fitted to the lower end side of the second supply pipe 20c. Further, the biomass supply feeder valve 21 provided in this way always allows the upper second supply pipe 20f and the lower second supply pipe 20g to communicate with each other by the ball 23, and the hopper 20d and the biomass charging tank 20b are always in communication with each other. It is provided so that there is nothing. As a result, the biomass charging tank 20 b connected to the reaction tube 7 through the first supply pipe 20 a is secured by the biomass supply feeder valve 21.

  Further, the dehydrator 4 shown in FIG. 1 has a cooling heat transfer surface inside, and condenses and removes high-boiling substances such as moisture and sulfur compounds in the water-containing product gas G1 introduced into the tower from the reaction tube 7. It is configured as follows. The gas tank 5 that stores the generated gas G2 processed by the dehydrating device 4 is a water-sealed gas tank, and is connected to the dehydrating device 4 through a pipe.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the product gas return means 25 for supplying the product gas G2 stored in the gas tank 5 to the biomass input tank 20b of the biomass supply facility 20 is provided. The product gas return means 25 includes a return pipe 25a having one end connected to the gas tank 5 and the other end connected to the biomass input tank 20b, and an air supply means 25b such as a blower. And by the drive of the air supply means 25b, the product gas G2 stored in the gas tank 5 flows through the return pipe 25a toward the biomass input tank 20b, and the generated gas G2 is supplied to the biomass input tank 20b. The air supply means 25b is configured so that the gas on the biomass charging tank 20b side does not flow backward to the gas tank 5 side even when the driving is stopped.

  Moreover, one end is connected to the lower part of the secondary gasification part 11 (2nd U-shaped pipe 7c) of the reaction tube 7 and extends to the outside of the heating chamber 6, and residues such as ash accumulated in the reaction tube 7 due to gasification of the biomass S3. A residue discharge pipe 12 is provided for discharging the gas to the outside. Further, the residue discharge pipe 12 is provided with a residue discharge feeder valve 26. The residue discharge feeder valve 26 of the present embodiment is a so-called ball feeder, and is configured in the same manner as the biomass supply feeder valve 21 of the biomass supply facility 20. That is, as shown in FIG. 2A, the feeder body 22 is formed in a cylindrical shape and includes a ball housing portion 22b at the center in the direction of the axis O1, and is rotatably accommodated in the ball housing portion 22b of the feeder body portion 22. The hollow portion 23a and the ball 23 provided with an opening portion 23b that communicates with the outside.

  The residue discharge feeder valve 26 is fitted with the lower end portion of the upper residue discharge pipe 12a (12) connected to the reaction tube 7 on the upper end side of the feeder main body portion 22, and on the lower end side of the feeder main body 22. The upper end portion of the lower residue discharge pipe 12b (12) extending outward is fitted to the residue discharge pipe 12. Further, the residue discharge feeder valve 26 provided in this way always closes the upper residue discharge pipe 12a and the lower residue discharge pipe 12b with the balls 23 so that the reaction tube 7 and the outside do not communicate with each other. Is provided.

  Next, a method for producing the product gas G2 (a method for gasifying biomass) using the biomass gasification apparatus B having the above-described configuration will be described, and the biomass gasification apparatus B and biomass gasification according to the present embodiment will be described. The operation and effect of the method will be described.

  When the produced gas G2 is produced using the biomass gasification apparatus B of the present embodiment, the biomass coarse powder S2 obtained by pulverizing and separating the biomass raw material S1 by the pulverization facility 8 is supplied to the hot gas generator 2. Then, the biomass fine powder S2 is combusted in the hot gas generating furnace 2, and the hot gas H is supplied from the inlet 6a of the heating chamber 6 to heat the heating chamber 6 and the reaction tube 7. When the reaction tube 7 is heated in this way, the reaction water W is supplied to the first U-shaped tube 7a (one straight tube portion 7d) of the reaction tube 7, and the water vapor evaporated in the reaction water evaporation unit 9 is primary. The gasification unit 10 is circulated. At the same time, the biomass fine powder S3 is supplied from the biomass supply facility 20 to the primary gasifier 10.

  Here, in this embodiment, when supplying the biomass fine powder S3 pulverized by the pulverization equipment 8 to the primary gasification unit 10 of the reaction tube 7, first, the biomass fine powder S3 separated by the pulverization equipment 8 is the biomass supply equipment. As shown in FIG. 2A, biomass fine powder S3 stored in the hopper 20d is supplied into the upper second supply pipe 20f (20c). Then, the ball 23 of the biomass supply feeder valve 21 is driven to rotate, and the opening 23b of the ball 23 faces upward as shown in FIG. The two supply pipes 20f communicate with each other, and the biomass fine powder S3 falls into the hollow portion 23a and is filled.

  When the ball 23 in which the hollow portion 23a is filled with the biomass fine powder S3 is further rotated, the communication between the hollow portion 23a and the upper second supply pipe 20f is released as shown in FIG. The opening 23b of the ball 23 faces downward as shown in FIG. 2 (d), and the hollow portion 23a communicates with the lower second supply pipe 20g (20c) through the opening 23b. The biomass fine powder S3 in the section 23a is supplied to the lower second supply pipe 20g and supplied to the biomass charging tank 20b through the lower second supply pipe 20g. Thus, the ball 23 rotates and the position of the opening 23b sequentially changes, whereby the biomass fine powder S3 stored in the hopper 20d is supplied to the biomass charging tank 20b, and the ball 23 is continuously rotated. Then, it is continuously supplied to the biomass charging tank 20b.

  At this time, the ball 23 rotates in a state where the outer surface of the ball 23 is in sliding contact (contact) with the spherical seat 22a of the feeder main body 22, and the upper second supply pipe 20f, the lower second supply pipe 20g, and thus The hopper 20d and the biomass charging tank 20b do not communicate with each other, and the biomass fine powder S3 is supplied in a state where airtightness of the biomass charging tank 20b is always secured.

  The biomass fine powder S3 supplied and stored in the biomass charging tank 20b as described above is supplied to the primary gasification unit 10 through the first supply pipe 20a by a predetermined amount together with the driving of the biomass supply device 20e. . At this time, in the present embodiment, the product gas G2 that is generated in advance and stored in the gas tank 5 is supplied from the gas tank 5 to the biomass input tank 20b together with the drive of the air supply means 25b of the product gas return means 25. The For this reason, when supplying the biomass fine powder S3 from the biomass charging tank 20b to the primary gasification unit 10, the generated gas G2 is supplied to the first supply pipe 20a together with the biomass fine powder S3, By circulating the 1 supply pipe 20a together with the biomass fine powder S3 toward the primary gasification unit 10 (reaction pipe 7), the water vapor flowing through the reaction pipe 7 is prevented from flowing into the biomass charging tank 20b.

  And the biomass fine powder S3 supplied to the primary gasification unit 10 together with the product gas G2 in this way floats in the water vapor stream flowing through the primary gasification unit 10, and the water vapor instantaneously takes, for example, 0.2 seconds or less. Is gasified. The biomass gas (hydrated product gas G1) in a hydrated state produced by gasifying the biomass fine powder S3 circulates through the secondary gasification unit 11, and a small amount of by-produced tar and soot is decomposed, and solid organic matter and All the carbon is decomposed and sent to the dehydrator 4. The dehydrator 4 removes moisture, sulfur, chlorine, and the like from the water-containing product gas G1, and the product gas G2 is stored in the gas tank 5.

  Here, in the present embodiment, unlike the conventional gasifier A that supplies air and nitrogen gas together with the biomass fine powder S3 at the time of supplying the biomass fine powder S3 to the reaction tube 7, the product gas return means 25 is used to input the biomass. Since the biomass fine powder S3 is supplied together with the product gas G2 supplied to the tank 20b, the water-containing product gas G1 and thus the product gas G2 do not contain much nitrogen, and a clean and high-calorie product gas G2 is produced (produced). .

  On the other hand, by gasifying the biomass fine powder S3 in this way, residues such as ash accumulate in the lower part of the secondary gasification unit 11 of the reaction tube 7, but in this embodiment, the residue discharge feeder valve 26 is used. By rotating and driving, the residue is discharged to the outside without stopping the operation of the gasifier B. That is, as shown in FIG. 2A, the residue P accumulates in the reaction tube 7 and the residue P falls into the upper residue discharge tube 12a (12). Then, the ball 23 of the residue discharge feeder valve 26 is driven to rotate, and the opening 23b of the ball 23 faces upward as shown in FIG. 2 (b), and the hollow portion 23a and the upper residue through the opening 23b. While the discharge pipe 12a communicates, the residue P falls into the hollow portion 23a and is filled.

  When the ball 23 filled with the residue P in the hollow portion 23a further rotates, the communication between the hollow portion 23a and the upper residue discharge pipe 12a is released, as shown in FIG. The opening 23b faces downward as shown in FIG. 2 (d), and the hollow portion 23a communicates with the lower residue discharge pipe 12b (12) through the opening 23b, together with the residue P in the hollow portion 23a. Is discharged to the outside through the lower residue discharge pipe 12b. In this way, the ball 23 rotates and the position of the opening 23b sequentially changes, so that the residue P accumulated in the reaction tube 7 is discharged to the outside, and the ball 23 is continuously rotated to drive the residue 23 continuously. P is discharged.

  At this time, the ball 23 rotates in a state where the outer surface of the ball 23 is in sliding contact (contact) with the spherical seat 22a of the feeder main body 22, and the upper residue discharge pipe 12a, the lower residue discharge pipe 12b, and thus the reaction tube 7 and the outside are not communicated, that is, the residue P is discharged without impairing the airtight state of the reaction tube 7.

  Therefore, in the biomass gasification apparatus B according to the present embodiment, the feeder valve 21 for supplying biomass is provided in the second supply pipe 20c that connects the hopper 20d and the tank 20b for charging biomass. By driving, the biomass fine powder S3 can be supplied from the hopper 20d to the biomass charging tank 10b. At this time, since the hopper 20d and the biomass charging tank 20b do not communicate with each other, the biomass pulverized powder S3 is supplied from the hopper 20d to the biomass charging tank 20b while the airtightness of the biomass charging tank 20b is secured. In addition, by continuously driving the biomass supply feeder valve 21, the biomass fine powder S3 can be continuously supplied to the biomass charging tank 20b while ensuring airtightness.

  Further, the residue discharge feeder valve 26 for discharging the residue P accumulated in the reaction tube 7 by gasification of the biomass S3 to the outside is provided with the residue discharge feeder valve 26. Residue P can be discharged to the outside with driving. And even when discharging the residue P, the reaction tube 7 and the outside do not communicate with each other, and the residue P can be continuously discharged to the outside. Therefore, without stopping the operation of the gasifier B, Residue P can be discharged.

  Therefore, according to the biomass gasification apparatus B of the present embodiment, there is no need to produce the product gas G2 by batch processing of the biomass charging tank 20b unlike the conventional gasification apparatus A, and the gasification apparatus Since the residue P can be continuously discharged to the outside without stopping the operation of B, the product gas G2 can be produced by performing a continuous operation for a long time, and the production efficiency of the product gas G2 can be improved. It becomes possible to plan.

  Further, in the biomass gasification apparatus B and the biomass gasification method of the present embodiment, the product gas G2 is supplied to the biomass input tank 20b and then to the first supply pipe (supply pipe) 20a by the product gas return means 25. Thus, the biomass fine powder S3 stored in the biomass charging tank 20b can be supplied to the reaction tube 7 together with the generated gas G2, and the flow of the generated gas G2 can prevent water vapor from flowing toward the biomass charging tank 20b. Thereby, since biomass S3 can be suitably supplied to the reaction tube 7 without using air or nitrogen gas as in the past, the amount of nitrogen in the product gas G2 is reduced compared to the conventional gasifier A It is possible to reliably produce clean and high calorie product gas G2.

  The embodiment of the biomass gasification apparatus and the biomass gasification method according to the present invention has been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and may be changed as appropriate without departing from the scope of the present invention. Is possible. For example, in this embodiment, the biomass supply feeder valve 21 and the residue discharge feeder valve 26 are ball feeders, but the biomass supply feeder valve 21 allows the hopper 20d and the biomass input tank 20b to communicate with each other. As long as the biomass S3 can be supplied to the biomass charging tank 20b without any problem, and the residue discharge feeder valve 26 can discharge the residue P from the reaction tube 7 without allowing the reaction tube 7 to communicate with the outside. The feeder valves 21 and 26 may be drum feeders, for example.

  In the present embodiment, the reaction water W is supplied to the reaction tube 7, and the reaction water W is evaporated by the reaction water evaporation unit 9 so that the water vapor flows through the reaction tube 7. 7 may be supplied and distributed. For this reason, in this embodiment, the reaction tube 7 is formed by connecting the first U-shaped tube 7a, the inverted U-shaped tube 7b, and the second U-shaped tube 7c. There is no need to limit the configuration. In this connection, it is assumed that one residue discharge pipe 12 is connected to the lower part of the secondary gasification unit 11, but the residue discharge pipe 12 is connected to the reaction tube 7 along with the gasification of the biomass S3. As long as the residue P collected in the gas can be discharged, it is not necessary to limit the connection position with respect to the reaction tube 7, and the residue P may be discharged by providing a plurality of residue discharge tubes 12.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the product gas return means 25 is provided to supply the product gas G2 from the gas tank 5 to the biomass input tank 20b. However, a conventional biomass gasifier A is shown in this embodiment. Alternatively, the biomass supply facility 20 may be applied to provide only the effect of enabling continuous operation for a long time.

It is a figure which shows the gasification apparatus of biomass which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the feeder valve for biomass supply (feeder valve for residue discharge) which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the conventional gasification apparatus of biomass.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Gasification reaction equipment 2 Hot gas generation furnace 3 Conventional biomass supply equipment 4 Dehydration apparatus 5 Gas tank 6 Heating chamber 7 Reaction tube 8 Grinding equipment 9 Reaction water evaporation part 10 Primary gasification part 11 Secondary gasification part 12 Residue discharge Pipe 20 Biomass supply equipment 20a First supply pipe (supply pipe)
20b Biomass charging tank 20c Second supply pipe 20d Hopper 20e Biomass supply device 21 Biomass supply feeder valve 25 Generated gas return means 25a Return pipe 25b Air supply means 26 Residue discharge feeder valve A Conventional biomass gasifier B Biomass Gasification device E Power generation gas engine G1 Water-containing product gas G2 Product gas H Hot gas S1 Biomass raw material S2 Biomass coarse powder S3 Biomass fine powder (biomass)
P Residue W Reaction water

Claims (4)

A biomass gasification apparatus for supplying biomass to a reaction tube through which water vapor flows to gasify the biomass,
Connected to the reaction tube via a first supply tube, and connected to the biomass supply tank via a second supply tube for temporarily storing the biomass supplied to the reaction tube. And a hopper for temporarily storing the biomass to be supplied to the biomass charging tank,
The second supply pipe is provided with a biomass supply feeder valve for supplying the biomass from the hopper to the biomass input tank without allowing the hopper and the biomass input tank to communicate with each other. Biomass gasifier. The biomass gasification apparatus according to claim 1,
One end is connected to the reaction tube, and includes a residue discharge tube for discharging the residue accumulated in the reaction tube by gasification of the biomass to the outside.
The biomass gasification apparatus, wherein the residue discharge pipe is provided with a residue discharge feeder valve for discharging the residue from the reaction tube without communicating the reaction tube with the outside. In the biomass gasification apparatus according to claim 1 or 2,
A gas tank that stores a generated gas generated by gasifying the biomass in the reaction tube, and a generated gas return unit that supplies the generated gas stored in the gas tank to the biomass input tank. Biomass gasifier. A method of gasifying the biomass by supplying biomass through a supply pipe connected to the reaction pipe while circulating water vapor in a reaction pipe provided in a biomass gasification device,
A biomass gasification method, wherein a product gas generated by gasifying the biomass with the gasifier is supplied to the supply pipe so as to circulate along with the biomass toward the reaction pipe.

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