JP2009001844A - Nonmagnetic free-cutting stainless steel having high hardness - Google Patents
Nonmagnetic free-cutting stainless steel having high hardness Download PDFInfo
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- JP2009001844A JP2009001844A JP2007162647A JP2007162647A JP2009001844A JP 2009001844 A JP2009001844 A JP 2009001844A JP 2007162647 A JP2007162647 A JP 2007162647A JP 2007162647 A JP2007162647 A JP 2007162647A JP 2009001844 A JP2009001844 A JP 2009001844A
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 8
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003483 aging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000915 Free machining steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Description
本発明は、高硬度・非磁性でかつ耐銹性と冷間加工性および切削性を必要とする用途に利用される高Ｍｎステンレス鋼線材に関するもので、電子機器用シャフト材、精密機器部品などに利用される。 The present invention relates to a high Mn stainless steel wire used for applications requiring high hardness, non-magnetic properties, weather resistance, cold workability and machinability, such as shaft materials for electronic equipment, precision equipment parts, etc. Used for
電子機器用精密部品材は表面疵および磁性を嫌うことから高硬度・非磁性に優れていることが要求される。また、高精度加工がなされることから冷間加工性及び切削性に優れていることが要求される。このためにＳＵＳ３０３、ＳＵＳＸＭ７、高Ｎ含有のオーステナイト系ステンレス鋼に被削性を向上させる成分であるＳ、Ｐｂ、Ｓｅ、Ｔｅなどを単独もしくは複合で添加した鋼が実用化されている。特にＳＵＳ３０３に代表されるＳ添加の快削鋼は広く活用されている。しかし、切削性改善成分、特にＳにより熱間加工性が劣化する、高硬度化のため高度の冷間加工を施すと磁性を帯びてくるなどの解決すべき課題があり、これらの課題の解決が求められている。 Precision component materials for electronic devices are required to have high hardness and non-magnetism because they dislike surface defects and magnetism. In addition, since high-precision machining is performed, it is required to have excellent cold workability and machinability. For this reason, SUS303, SUSXM7, and a steel in which S, Pb, Se, Te, etc., which are components for improving machinability, are added alone or in combination to a high N content austenitic stainless steel have been put into practical use. In particular, S-added free-cutting steel represented by SUS303 is widely used. However, there are problems to be solved such as the machinability improving component, especially hot workability deteriorates due to S, and high cold working for high hardness makes it magnetic. Is required.
これらの課題を解決するために、電子機器用、精密機器用材料として高硬度・非磁性ステンレス鋼が提案されている（特許文献１〜４）。また高硬度・非磁性の特性に加え、被削性も兼備したステンレス鋼が提案されている。（特許文献５〜１１）
特許文献１〜４に記載された発明は冷間加工と時効熱処理によってビッカース硬さ５５０以上、透磁率１．０５以下であることを特徴とする高Ｍｎステンレス鋼であるが、被削性元素を含んでいないために、ＳＵＳ３０３並の被削性を持たない。
In order to solve these problems, high hardness and nonmagnetic stainless steel has been proposed as a material for electronic equipment and precision equipment (Patent Documents 1 to 4). In addition to high hardness and non-magnetic properties, stainless steel that has machinability has also been proposed. (Patent Documents 5 to 11)
The inventions described in Patent Documents 1 to 4 are high Mn stainless steels characterized by Vickers hardness of 550 or more and magnetic permeability of 1.05 or less by cold working and aging heat treatment. Since it is not included, it does not have machinability comparable to SUS303.
特許文献５に記載された発明は被削性を向上させるためにＳを、被削性、熱間加工性を向上させるためにＣａを添加することを特徴としたものである。 The invention described in Patent Document 5 is characterized in that S is added to improve machinability and Ca is added to improve machinability and hot workability.
特許文献６に記載された文献は被削性を向上させる元素であるＳの添加に加え、重金属であるＳｅ、Ｐｂを添加し、熱間加工性を向上させるためにＢも添加したことを特徴とするものである。 The document described in Patent Document 6 is characterized in that in addition to the addition of S, which is an element that improves machinability, Se and Pb, which are heavy metals, are added, and B is also added to improve hot workability. It is what.
特許文献７、８、１０、１１に記載された発明は被削性を向上させるためにＳ（Ｐｂ、Ｔｅ、Ｓｅ、Ｃａ）を添加したことを特徴とするものである。 The inventions described in Patent Documents 7, 8, 10, and 11 are characterized in that S (Pb, Te, Se, Ca) is added to improve machinability.
しかしながら、これまで、高硬度、非磁性に加え被削性も兼備した環境にやさしい高硬度・非磁性の快削ステンレス鋼は提案されていない。 However, no environmentally friendly high hardness / nonmagnetic free-cutting stainless steel has been proposed so far, which has both high hardness and nonmagnetic properties and machinability.
本発明の目的は、高ＭｎのＳ添加快削ステンレス鋼の切削改善成分による熱間加工性の劣化、被削性の更なる向上という課題を解決した安価な高硬度・非磁性の快削ステンレス鋼を提供することである。 The object of the present invention is an inexpensive, high-hardness, non-magnetic free-cutting stainless steel that solves the problems of hot workability degradation and further machinability improvement due to cutting improvement components of high-Mn S-added free-cutting stainless steel Is to provide steel.
本発明は前記課題を解決するためになされたもので、種々検討した結果、Ｂを添加するとともに、Ａｌ、Ｃａ、Ｏ量を制御することにより、酸化物系介在物の組成と硫化物の形態を制御し、熱間加工性、被削性を著しく改善できることを明らかにしたものである。 The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems. As a result of various studies, the composition of oxide inclusions and the form of sulfide are controlled by adding B and controlling the amounts of Al, Ca, and O. It is clarified that the hot workability and machinability can be remarkably improved by controlling the above.
すなわち、本発明の要旨とするところは以下の通りである。
（１）質量％で、Ｃ：０．０３０〜０．１５０％、Ｓｉ≦１．００％、Ｍｎ５．００〜１６．００％、Ｐ≦０．０５０％、Ｓ：０．０５〜０．４０％、Ｎｉ：１．００〜８．００％、Ｃｒ：１６．００〜２２．００％、Ｎ：０．１０〜０．５０％、Ｏ：０．００５〜０．０１５％、Ｃａ：０．００１〜０．０１０％、Ａｌ：０．００２〜０．０１０％、Ｂ：０．００１〜０．０１０％を含有し残部Ｆｅおよび不可避的不純物からなる鋼であって、ビッカース硬さ（Ｈｖ）が４００以上かつ非磁性であることを特徴とする高硬度・非磁性の快削ステンレス鋼。
（２）（１）の成分に加えて、質量％でＺｒ：０．０００１〜０．０１００％を含有することを特徴とする高硬度・非磁性の快削ステンレス鋼。
（３）（１）または（２）の成分に加えて、質量％でＭｏ≦３．０％を含有することを特徴とする高硬度・非磁性の快削ステンレス鋼。
（４）（１）〜（３）のいずれかの成分に加えて、質量％でＣｕ≦３．０％含有することを特徴とする高硬度・非磁性の快削ステンレス鋼。
（５）（１）〜（４）のいずれかの成分に加えて、質量％でＮｂ≦０．２０％含有することを特徴とする高硬度・非磁性快削ステンレス鋼。
（６）熱間圧延にて製造後、各種サイズまで冷間加工後、温度：３００〜６００℃、時間２分以上の時効熱処理を行うことを特徴とする（１）〜（５）のいずれかに記載のステンレス鋼の製造方法。
That is, the gist of the present invention is as follows.
(1) By mass%, C: 0.030 to 0.150%, Si ≦ 1.00%, Mn 5.00 to 16.00%, P ≦ 0.050%, S: 0.05 to 0.40 %, Ni: 1.00 to 8.00%, Cr: 16.00 to 22.00%, N: 0.10 to 0.50%, O: 0.005 to 0.015%, Ca: 0.00. A steel containing 001 to 0.010%, Al: 0.002 to 0.010%, B: 0.001 to 0.010%, and the balance Fe and unavoidable impurities, and having a Vickers hardness (Hv) Is a high hardness, non-magnetic free-cutting stainless steel characterized by having a hardness of 400 or more and non-magnetic.
(2) A high-hardness non-magnetic free-cutting stainless steel characterized by containing Zr: 0.0001 to 0.0100% by mass% in addition to the component (1).
(3) A high hardness / nonmagnetic free-cutting stainless steel characterized by containing Mo ≦ 3.0% by mass in addition to the component (1) or (2).
(4) A high hardness / nonmagnetic free-cutting stainless steel containing Cu ≦ 3.0% by mass in addition to any one of the components (1) to (3).
(5) A high hardness / nonmagnetic free-cutting stainless steel characterized by containing Nb ≦ 0.20% by mass in addition to any one of the components (1) to (4).
(6) Any one of (1) to (5), characterized by performing aging heat treatment at a temperature of 300 to 600 ° C. for 2 minutes or more after manufacturing by hot rolling and cold working to various sizes. A method for producing stainless steel as described in 1.
本発明により、高ＭｎのＳ添加快削ステンレス鋼の課題である、Ｓ添加による熱間加工性の劣化を防止しするとともに、その被削性を更に向上させた安価で、環境にやさしい重金属（Ｐｂ、Ｔｅ、Ｓｅ）無添加の高硬度・非磁性の快削ステンレス鋼を得ることができる。 The present invention prevents the deterioration of hot workability due to the addition of S, which is a problem of high-Mn S-added free-cutting stainless steel, and further improves the machinability at low cost and is environmentally friendly heavy metal ( Pb, Te, Se) Additive-free high hardness / nonmagnetic free-cutting stainless steel can be obtained.
以下に、先ず、本発明の請求項１記載の限定理由について説明する。 Below, the reason for limitation of Claim 1 of this invention is demonstrated first.
Ｃ：０．０３０〜０．１５０％
Ｃは伸線加工後の強度及び非磁性を確保するために０．０３０％以上添加する。しかし、過剰の添加は耐食性を悪化させるため上限を０．１５０％とした。好ましくは０．０７０〜０．１２０％である。
C: 0.030 to 0.150%
C is added in an amount of 0.030% or more in order to ensure strength and non-magnetism after wire drawing. However, excessive addition deteriorates the corrosion resistance, so the upper limit was made 0.150%. Preferably it is 0.070 to 0.120%.
Ｓｉ：１．００％以下
Ｓｉは脱酸元素として必要な元素である。１．００％超添加すると耐食性が悪化し、フェライト生成元素であるために非磁性確保が困難になるため上限を１．００％とした。好ましくは０．２０〜０．７０％である。
Si: 1.00% or less Si is an element necessary as a deoxidizing element. If added over 1.00%, the corrosion resistance deteriorates, and since it is a ferrite-forming element, it is difficult to ensure non-magnetism, so the upper limit was made 1.00%. Preferably it is 0.20 to 0.70%.
Ｍｎ：５．００〜１６．００％
ＭｎはＮｉの代替元素として利用される安価な元素である。また、冷間加工後でも非磁性を確保するのに必要な元素である。５．００％未満であると非磁性確保が困難のため下限を５．００％とした。また、過剰な添加は耐食性を悪化させるためにその上限を１６．００％とした。好ましくは８．００〜１２．００％である。
Mn: 5.00 to 16.00%
Mn is an inexpensive element used as an alternative element for Ni. Moreover, it is an element necessary for ensuring non-magnetism even after cold working. If it is less than 5.00%, it is difficult to ensure nonmagnetic properties, so the lower limit was made 5.00%. Moreover, since excessive addition deteriorates corrosion resistance, the upper limit was made 16.00%. Preferably it is 8.00 to 12.00%.
Ｐ：０．０５０％以下
Ｐは含有量が多いと熱間加工性を低下させるため０．０５０％を上限とした。好ましくは０．０４０％以下である。
P: 0.050% or less P has a maximum content of 0.050% because the hot workability is lowered when the content is large. Preferably it is 0.040% or less.
Ｓ：０．０５〜０．４０％
Ｓは被削性を改善する元素であるため０．０５％以上含有させるが、過剰に添加すると熱間加工性、冷間加工性、および耐銹性を劣化させるために上限を０．４０％とした。好ましくは０．１０〜０．２０％である。
S: 0.05-0.40%
S is an element that improves machinability, so 0.05% or more is contained. However, if added in excess, the upper limit is 0.40% in order to deteriorate hot workability, cold workability, and weather resistance. It was. Preferably it is 0.10 to 0.20%.
Ｎｉ：１．００〜８．００％
Ｎｉはオーステナイト生成元素で非磁性確保に必要であるが、高価な元素である。１．００％未満では非磁性確保に不十分であるため下限を１．００％とした。また８．００％を超えると非磁性に対する効果が飽和し、高価格となるために、上限を８．００％とした。好ましくは４．００〜７．００％である。
Ni: 1.00 to 8.00%
Ni is an austenite-forming element and is necessary for ensuring non-magnetism, but is an expensive element. If it is less than 1.00%, it is insufficient for securing non-magnetism, so the lower limit was made 1.00%. Further, if it exceeds 8.00%, the effect on non-magnetism is saturated and the price is high, so the upper limit was made 8.00%. Preferably it is 4.00 to 7.00%.
Ｃｒ：１６．００〜２２．００％
Ｃｒは耐食性向上に有効な元素である。１６．００％未満では耐食性が悪くなり、また、多いとオーステナイト相が不安定となり冷間加工性が悪化するため上限を２２．００％とした。好ましくは１６．００〜１９．００％である。
Cr: 16.00 to 22.00%
Cr is an element effective for improving corrosion resistance. If it is less than 16.00%, the corrosion resistance becomes poor. If it is too much, the austenite phase becomes unstable and the cold workability deteriorates, so the upper limit was made 22.00%. Preferably it is 16.00-19.00%.
Ｎ：０．１０〜０．５０％
ＮはＣと同様伸線加工後の強度、非磁性を確保するために０．１０％以上添加する。０．５０％超の添加は冷間加工後の延性を劣化させるためにその上限を０．５０％とした。好ましくは０．２０〜０．４０％である。
N: 0.10 to 0.50%
N, like C, is added in an amount of 0.10% or more in order to ensure strength after wire drawing and non-magnetism. Addition of over 0.50% deteriorates the ductility after cold working, so the upper limit was made 0.50%. Preferably it is 0.20 to 0.40%.
Ｏ：０．００５〜０．０１５％
Ｏは固体中ではほとんど酸化物となり、鋼中に分散している。本発明ではＣａ、Ａｌなどの脱酸元素の微妙なコントロールと適量のＯの存在による硫化物の生成・形態を均一分散制御することにより、熱間加工性および被削性を改善できる。具体的には、Ａｌ、Ｃａを添加することによりＯ濃度をコントロールし、ＳｉＯ2−ＣａＯ−Ａｌ2Ｏ3系の酸化物を均一分散させる。鋼中に均一分散した酸化物は硫化物（ＭｎＳ）の発生核として働き、硫化物の形態を制御することが可能となる。Ｏ濃度が０．００５％未満ではその効果が小さく、また、０．０１５％を超えると硬質のＣｒ2Ｏ3が増大し被削性を低下させる。好ましくは０．００６〜０．００１２％である。
O: 0.005 to 0.015%
O is almost an oxide in the solid and is dispersed in the steel. In the present invention, hot workability and machinability can be improved by finely controlling the deoxidation elements such as Ca and Al and uniformly controlling the formation and form of sulfides in the presence of an appropriate amount of O. Specifically, the O concentration is controlled by adding Al and Ca, and the SiO 2 —CaO—Al 2 O 3 -based oxide is uniformly dispersed. The oxide uniformly dispersed in the steel serves as a nucleus for generating sulfide (MnS), and the form of the sulfide can be controlled. If the O concentration is less than 0.005%, the effect is small, and if it exceeds 0.015%, hard Cr 2 O 3 increases and machinability decreases. Preferably it is 0.006 to 0.0012%.
Ｃａ：０．００１〜０．０１０％
Ｃａは強力な脱酸剤であり、Ｃａ系の酸化物となり、硫化物の析出サイトとなることにより、硫化物の形態制御（均一分散）を促進して、熱間加工性および被削性が改善する作用があるが、０．００１％未満ではその作用が不十分であり、０．０１０％を超えると硬質のＣａＯ系介在物量が増大して被削性および耐食性を低下させる。好ましくは０．００１〜０．００５％である。
Ca: 0.001 to 0.010%
Ca is a strong deoxidizing agent, and becomes a Ca-based oxide and becomes a sulfide precipitation site, thereby promoting the shape control (uniform dispersion) of the sulfide, and hot workability and machinability. Although there is an action to improve, if less than 0.001%, the action is insufficient, and if it exceeds 0.010%, the amount of hard CaO-based inclusions increases and machinability and corrosion resistance are lowered. Preferably it is 0.001 to 0.005%.
Ａｌ：０．００２〜０．０１０％
Ａｌは脱酸及び硫化物の形態制御のために０．００２％以上添加するが、過剰の添加は硬質な介在物を増加させ、熱間加工性および被削性を劣化させるために上限を０．０１０％としたとした。好ましくは０．００２〜０．００８％である。
Al: 0.002 to 0.010%
Al is added in an amount of 0.002% or more for deoxidation and sulfide control, but excessive addition increases hard inclusions, and the upper limit is set to 0 in order to deteriorate hot workability and machinability. 0.10%. Preferably it is 0.002 to 0.008%.
Ｂ：０．００１〜０．０１０％
Ｂは熱間加工性や軟質化を改善するために添加される元素であり、０．００１％以上の添加により安定した効果が得られる。しかし過剰に添加するとＢの化合物が析出し、熱間加工性を劣化させるので、その上限を０．０１０％とした。好ましくは０．００２〜０．００５％である。
B: 0.001 to 0.010%
B is an element added to improve hot workability and softening, and a stable effect can be obtained by adding 0.001% or more. However, if added in excess, the B compound precipitates and degrades hot workability, so the upper limit was made 0.010%. Preferably it is 0.002 to 0.005%.
ビッカース硬さ（Ｈｖ）：４００以上
電子機器などの精密部品のシャフト材などに使用されるために、高硬度化が望まれる。これらの部材に必要なビッカース硬さとして最低４００は必要である。好ましくはビッカース硬さ４５０以上である。
Vickers hardness (Hv): 400 or more Higher hardness is desired for use in shaft materials for precision parts such as electronic devices. The minimum Vickers hardness required for these members is 400. Preferably, the Vickers hardness is 450 or more.
非磁性
電子機器部品は種々の磁気発生を誘導するための装置を備えているために、シャフト材などは磁性を持たないものが求められており、こうした部品には透磁率が１．０１０以下であることが必須条件とされている。磁性の有無を評価する手段として透磁率の測定がある。一般的に透磁率が１．０１０以下であれば、磁性を持たない（非磁性）。本発明では、高度の冷間加工後も非磁性となるように、成分設計を行っているため、冷間加工後も非磁性である。
Since non-magnetic electronic device parts are equipped with devices for inducing various magnetic generations, shaft materials and the like are required to have no magnetism, and such parts have a permeability of 1.010 or less. It must be a prerequisite. As a means for evaluating the presence or absence of magnetism, there is measurement of magnetic permeability. Generally, if the magnetic permeability is 1.010 or less, it does not have magnetism (non-magnetic). In the present invention, the component design is performed so as to be non-magnetic even after a high degree of cold working, so that it is non-magnetic even after cold working.
本発明の請求項２記載の限定理由について述べる。
Ｚｒ：０．０００１〜０．０１００％
Ｚｒは酸化物の析出サイトとして働き、硫化物の析出サイトとなる酸化物を微細に分散させることにより硫化物の微細分散化に有効な元素である。また熱間加工性も向上する。これらの効果を得るためには必要に応じて０．０００１％以上の添加が必要である。しかし、多量に含有すると介在物として存在し、冷間加工性を低下させるため上限を０．０１００％とした。好ましくは０．００１０〜０．００５０％である。
The reason for limitation according to claim 2 of the present invention will be described.
Zr: 0.0001 to 0.0100%
Zr acts as an oxide precipitation site and is an element effective for fine dispersion of sulfides by finely dispersing oxides that form sulfide precipitation sites. Also, hot workability is improved. In order to obtain these effects, addition of 0.0001% or more is necessary as necessary. However, when it is contained in a large amount, it exists as inclusions, and the upper limit is made 0.0100% in order to reduce cold workability. Preferably it is 0.0010 to 0.0050%.
本発明の請求項３記載の限定理由について述べる。
Ｍｏ：３．０％以下
ＭｏはＣｒと同様に耐食性を向上させるのに有効な元素であり必要に応じて０．１％以上添加することにより安定した効果が得られる。しかし、多量に添加させると熱間加工性が低下するために上限を３．０％とした。好ましくは０．１〜２．５％である。
The reason for limitation according to claim 3 of the present invention will be described.
Mo: 3.0% or less Mo is an element effective for improving the corrosion resistance like Cr, and a stable effect can be obtained by adding 0.1% or more as necessary. However, the hot workability is lowered when a large amount is added, so the upper limit was made 3.0%. Preferably it is 0.1 to 2.5%.
本発明の請求項４記載の限定理由について述べる。
Ｃｕ：３．０％以下
Ｃｕは冷間加工後の延性を確保するために必要に応じて０．１％以上添加する。しかし、過剰の添加は熱間加工性を劣化、冷間加工後の硬さを低くするために上限を３．０％とした。好ましくは、２．０〜３．０％である。
The reason for limitation according to claim 4 of the present invention will be described.
Cu: 3.0% or less Cu is added in an amount of 0.1% or more as necessary to ensure ductility after cold working. However, excessive addition deteriorates hot workability and lowers the hardness after cold working, so the upper limit was made 3.0%. Preferably, it is 2.0 to 3.0%.
本発明の請求項５記載の限定理由について述べる。
Ｎｂ：０．２０％以下
Ｎｂは結晶粒を微細化すること及びＮｂＣを析出することにより硬度改善に有効であり、必要に応じて０．０３％以上添加する。しかし、多量に添加すると、有害な非金属介在物を多量に生じ、被削性の劣化、冷間加工時の断線の原因となるので、上限を０．２０％とした。好ましくは０．０５〜０．１５％である。
The reason for limitation according to claim 5 of the present invention will be described.
Nb: 0.20% or less Nb is effective in improving hardness by refining crystal grains and precipitating NbC, and is added in an amount of 0.03% or more as necessary. However, if added in a large amount, a large amount of harmful non-metallic inclusions are produced, causing deterioration of machinability and disconnection during cold working, so the upper limit was made 0.20%. Preferably it is 0.05 to 0.15%.
本発明の請求項６記載の限定理由について述べる。
時効熱処理条件：温度３００〜６００℃ 時間２分以上
３００〜６００℃、２分以上の時効熱処理を行うことにより、Ｃ、Ｎによって転位の固着が起こり、ビッカース硬さの向上が見られる。しかし、３００℃未満で行うと、時効硬化によるＣ，Ｎによる転位の固着が起こらず、Ｈｖ４００以上を満足できない。また６００℃超であると鋼の軟化が起こり、時効熱処理を行っていないものと同程度の強度になることから上限の温度とした。好ましくは４００〜５００℃である。時効熱処理時間については２分未満であると、時効硬化による強度の上昇が見られない。また１００分以上行うと、生産性が低下する。好ましくは２〜１００分である。
The reason for limitation according to claim 6 of the present invention will be described.
Aging heat treatment conditions: Temperature 300 to 600 ° C. Time 2 minutes or more 300 to 600 ° C. By performing an aging heat treatment for 2 minutes or more, dislocation fixation occurs due to C and N, and Vickers hardness is improved. However, if it is performed at less than 300 ° C., dislocation fixation due to C and N due to age hardening does not occur, and Hv of 400 or more cannot be satisfied. Further, if it exceeds 600 ° C., the softening of the steel occurs and the strength becomes the same as that of the steel that has not been subjected to the aging heat treatment, so that the upper limit temperature is set. Preferably it is 400-500 degreeC. If the aging heat treatment time is less than 2 minutes, no increase in strength due to age hardening is observed. Moreover, if it performs for 100 minutes or more, productivity will fall. Preferably it is 2 to 100 minutes.
以下に本発明の実施例について説明する。 Examples of the present invention will be described below.
表１、２に本発明の実施例の化学成分とビッカース硬さ（Ｈｖ）、被削性（切屑処理性）、透磁率及び熱間加工性の評価結果を示す。 Tables 1 and 2 show the evaluation results of chemical components, Vickers hardness (Hv), machinability (chip disposability), magnetic permeability, and hot workability of Examples of the present invention.
これら化学成分の鋼は１００ｋｇ真空溶解炉にて１３５ｍｍ角の鋳片に鋳込み、その後、直径１０ｍｍまで熱間鍛造を行い、１０５０℃（オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼線で組織を安定化させる温度）で溶体化処理を施した。 These chemical components are cast into 135 mm square slabs in a 100 kg vacuum melting furnace, then hot forged to a diameter of 10 mm, and solutionized at 1050 ° C. (temperature that stabilizes the structure with austenitic stainless steel wire). Treated.
その後、表面を研磨し、酸洗後に冷間加工（伸線加工）により直径４．９ｍｍの線材とし、時効熱処理後、ビッカース硬さ、被削性（切屑処理性）および、透磁率を調査した。また熱間加工性は鋳片からサンプルを切出し、調査を行った。 Then, the surface was polished, pickled, and cold worked (drawn wire) to obtain a wire with a diameter of 4.9 mm. After aging heat treatment, Vickers hardness, machinability (chip processing property), and permeability were investigated. . The hot workability was investigated by cutting a sample from the slab.
ビッカース硬さは荷重１ｋｇを用いてＣ断面の１／４ｔ部の硬さを測定した。本発明鋼はビッカース硬さが４００以上であった。 The Vickers hardness was measured at a 1/4 t portion of the C cross section using a load of 1 kg. The steel of the present invention had a Vickers hardness of 400 or more.
切削試験は直径９．０ｍｍに熱間鍛伸した棒鋼を作製後直径４．９ｍｍまで伸線加工を行い、各種条件で時効熱処理したものを供試材として、超硬工具（ＪＩＳ；Ｐ２０種）を用いて、切削速度（２５ｍ／ｍｉｎ）、切込み（０．１〜３．０ｍｍ）、送り速度（０．０１〜０．１０ｍｍ／ｒｅｖ）で外周切削をおこなった。被削性の評価は切屑処理性にて評価した。 The cutting test was made of a steel bar hot-forged to a diameter of 9.0 mm, then drawn to a diameter of 4.9 mm, and subjected to aging heat treatment under various conditions as a test material. Carbide tool (JIS; P20 class) The outer periphery was cut at a cutting speed (25 m / min), a cutting depth (0.1 to 3.0 mm), and a feed speed (0.01 to 0.10 mm / rev). The machinability was evaluated by chip disposal.
切屑処理性は短く破損した切屑を排出するものは切削中に表面に疵をつける可能性が低いが、無規則で長く繋がった切屑は表面に疵をつけたり、工具に絡まったりするためであるため、短く破損しているもの及び規則的ならせん状のものが良好であり、無規則で長く繋がったものが悪いとされている。今回、切屑処理性の評価は５段階評価で行い、短く破損しているものが５、規則的ならせん状で、数巻で破断しているものを４、規則的ならせん状で数巻から１０巻程度のものを３、規則的ならせん状で、１０巻以上長く連続しているものを２、無規則で長く繋がったものを１というように評価した。本発明鋼は短く破損したものと規則的ならせん状の切屑（評点４以上）が観察された。 Chip disposal performance is low because it is less likely to cause flaws on the surface during cutting, but irregularly long chips will cause flaws on the surface or entanglement with the tool. Short, broken and regular spirals are good, and irregular long ones are considered bad. This time, the evaluation of chip disposal is performed in a five-stage evaluation, 5 short breaks, 4 regular spirals, 4 breaks in several turns, regular spirals from several turns Evaluation was made such that 3 of about 10 rolls, 2 in a regular spiral shape, 2 that continued for 10 or more rolls for a long time, and 1 that was connected irregularly and for a long time. In the steel according to the present invention, short breakage and regular spiral chips (rating 4 or more) were observed.
透磁率は直径４．９ｍｍまで伸線加工を行った後、透磁率を測定した。本発明鋼の透磁率は１．０１０以下である。 The magnetic permeability was measured after drawing to a diameter of 4.9 mm. The magnetic permeability of the steel of the present invention is 1.010 or less.
熱間加工性は鋳片から平行部１０ｍｍの試験片を採取し、１０００℃で引張試験を行い破断後の絞り値で評価した。一般的にこの絞り値が５０％以上であれば、熱間圧延は可能である。本発明鋼は５０％以上の良好な熱間加工性を示した。 The hot workability was evaluated by drawing a test piece having a parallel part of 10 mm from a cast piece, performing a tensile test at 1000 ° C., and a drawing value after fracture. Generally, if this drawing value is 50% or more, hot rolling is possible. The steel of the present invention showed good hot workability of 50% or more.
一方、比較例Ｎｏ．２６〜５２は本発明に比べ、ビッカース硬さ、被削性（切屑処理性）、透磁率、耐食性、熱間加工性、冷間加工性、コストのいずれかが劣っていた。 On the other hand, Comparative Example No. Nos. 26 to 52 were inferior in Vickers hardness, machinability (chip processing property), magnetic permeability, corrosion resistance, hot workability, cold workability, and cost as compared with the present invention.
以上実施例から分かるように本発明例の優位性は明らかである。 As can be seen from the embodiments, the advantages of the present invention are clear.
以上に実施例から明らかなように、環境に悪影響を与える重金属（Ｐｂ、Ｂｉ、Ｓｅ、Ｔｅ）を使用しないで、高Ｍｎ鋼のＳ快削ステンレス鋼の切削性改善成分による熱間加工性の劣化、高度の冷間加工後の非磁性という課題を解決した安価な高硬度・非磁性の快削ステンレス快削鋼を提供すること可能である。 As can be seen from the above examples, the hot workability of the high-Mn steel S free-cutting stainless steel can be improved without using heavy metals (Pb, Bi, Se, Te) that adversely affect the environment. It is possible to provide an inexpensive, high-hardness, non-magnetic free-cutting free-cutting stainless steel that solves the problems of deterioration and non-magnetic after high-temperature cold working.
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| JP2013163842A (en) * | 2012-02-10 | 2013-08-22 | Sugita Seisen:Kk | Method of manufacturing high-strength small-diameter steel wire for making coupling member |
| JP2014189833A (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2014-10-06 | Nippon Steel & Sumikin Stainless Steel Corp | High strength austenitic free-cutting stainless steel wire and method of producing the same |
| WO2014208134A1 (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2014-12-31 | Ykk株式会社 | Metal component for fasteners, slide fastener using same, and method for producing metal component for fasteners |
| JP2016183396A (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2016-10-20 | 新日鐵住金ステンレス株式会社 | Extremely low magnetic permeability stainless steel wire material, and steel wire and irregular shape wire excellent in durability |
| CN108118263A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-06-05 | 钢铁研究总院 | A kind of wear-resisting alloy steel and preparation method of resistance to high stress shock loading |
| CN108677098A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2018-10-19 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of low nickel and high manganese austenitic nonmagnetic steel and preparation method thereof |
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| CN110117746B (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2021-07-27 | 上海加宁新材料科技有限公司 | Manufacturing method of high-performance non-magnetic stainless steel |
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| CN108677098A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2018-10-19 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of low nickel and high manganese austenitic nonmagnetic steel and preparation method thereof |
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