JP2009001178A - Railway vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a railway vehicle provided with an impact absorption structure capable of certainly exhibiting impact absorption action with a certain impact load or more. <P>SOLUTION: A slide vehicle body 21 has a slide end beam 22 arranged at a front side of an end beam 16 constituting a part of the vehicle body; and a slide midway beam 23 projectedly provided on a rear part of the slide end beam. On a base frame 12, a guide part 24 for guiding the slide midway beam in a vehicle body longitudinal direction is provided, and a retaining member 28 for retaining the slide midway beam relative to the guide part at a front side position of the vehicle body is provided. The retaining member connects the base frame and the slide vehicle body in a vehicle body longitudinal direction, and has tensile strength for allowing movement of the slide vehicle body to a rear part of the vehicle body by breaking it when tensile load to a rear part of the vehicle body applied from the slide vehicle body to the retaining member exceeds the previously set tensile load. Further, an impact absorption member 29 is arranged between the base frame and the slide vehicle body. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a railway vehicle, and more particularly, to a railway vehicle having an impact absorbing structure for absorbing impact energy at the time of a collision at a leading portion of the railway vehicle and suppressing the rear vehicle body from being greatly damaged or deformed. .

As a railway vehicle, in order to alleviate the impact at the time of collision, particularly when the vehicles collide with each other, a high-rigidity collision member is provided at the vehicle end, a high-rigidity cross beam spanned between the vertical beams, and There is known a railway vehicle including an impact absorbing structure in which an impact absorbing member that relaxes an impact at the time of collision by plastic deformation is disposed between the impact member and the cross beam (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
JP 2001-48016 A

  Even with the conventional shock absorbing structure, it was possible to absorb the energy at the time of collision by devising the shape and arrangement of the member, but when some of the elements that make up the leading structure are used as shock absorbing members The structure of the part is required to have a complicated condition that the normal static load condition is satisfied, and the structure is easily and unexpectedly deformed at the time of collision.

  Furthermore, in the conventional structure, depending on the stress state immediately before the collision and the direction of the load at the time of the collision, the structure may be deformed below a specified load or an unexpected deformation moment may be generated. In such a case, not only the assumed amount of energy can not be absorbed, but also the risk of secondary disasters such as increased damage to the cabin and derailment is increased. Further, the impact absorbing member on the front surface of the vehicle is limited in size in consideration of the vehicle body dimensions and the like, and the amount of energy that can be absorbed is also limited.

  Therefore, the present invention can reliably exert an impact absorbing action with a collision load of a certain level or more, and further, separate the impact absorbing member from the structural component to specialize in absorbing the impact and reduce the load at the time of the collision. An object of the present invention is to provide a railway vehicle having a shock absorbing structure that can be applied to a shock absorbing member from a certain direction to effectively absorb the shock.

  In order to achieve the above object, the railway vehicle according to the present invention is a railway vehicle in which a slide structure that slides toward the rear of the vehicle body at the time of a collision is disposed in front of the vehicle body, and the slide structure is disposed at a front position of the vehicle body. A slide end beam and a slide middle beam projecting rearward of the slide end beam, and the vehicle body is provided with a guide portion for guiding the slide middle beam in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body. A holding member is provided to hold the vehicle body at a front position. The holding member connects the vehicle body and the slide structure in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body, and a tensile load from the slide structure to the vehicle body rearward applied to the holding member is set in advance. It is characterized by having a tensile strength that allows the slide structure to move rearward of the vehicle body when the tensile load is exceeded.

  Furthermore, the railway vehicle of the present invention is deformed between the vehicle body and the slide structure when the slide structure moves rearward with respect to the vehicle body and absorbs the movement energy of the slide structure to the rear of the vehicle body. An impact absorbing member is arranged.

  Further, the holding member is composed of a plurality of connecting plates, and a breaking portion having a smaller cross-sectional area than that of both ends of the connecting plate is provided at an intermediate portion of the connecting plate. Further, the slide middle beam has slide portions that protrude on both sides in the vehicle body width direction, and an inclined slide surface that is widened upward is provided on the lower surface of both slide portions, and the inclined slide is provided on the guide portion. An inclined guide surface that supports the surface so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body from below is provided.

  According to the railway vehicle of the present invention, the holding member is pulled and broken only when a load exceeding the tensile strength is applied to the holding member due to a collision, and the slide middle beam of the slide structure is guided by the guide portion toward the rear of the vehicle body. Move linearly. A part of the vehicle body is deformed with the movement of the slide structure to the rear of the vehicle body, so that the collision energy can be absorbed. In particular, since the holding member is ruptured by a tensile load, by setting the cross-sectional area according to the tensile strength of the material to be used, the holding member can be reliably broken by a constant load. Furthermore, by arranging the shock absorbing member between the vehicle body and the slide structure, the shock absorbing member is deformed in a certain direction by the movement energy of the slide structure that moves linearly toward the rear of the vehicle body. Absorption of impact energy by the impact absorbing member can be performed extremely effectively and reliably.

  FIG. 1 shows an example of a railway vehicle according to the present invention, FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of the main part showing the shock absorbing structure, and FIG. 2 is a main part showing a state where the shock absorbing structure is deformed at the time of collision. 3 is a schematic front view, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional front view showing the relationship between the slide middle beam and the guide part, FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of the main part showing an example of a holding member provided between the vehicle body and the slide structure, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line V-V in FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is a side view showing an example of a railway vehicle.

  The railway vehicle has a vehicle body 13 formed by combining and combining a side structure, a roof structure, and a wife structure on an upper part of a frame 12 on which a pair of carriages 11 are mounted, and connectors 14 are provided at both front and rear ends. It has been. The underframe 12 includes a pair of left and right side beams 15, a pair of end beams 16 arranged at both front and rear ends of the side beam 15, and two front and rear pillow beams arranged in a sleeper direction at predetermined positions inside these. 17 and a plurality of transverse beams (not shown), and a middle beam 18 provided in the rail direction and receiving the load of the coupler 14.

  A slide structure 21 protrudes forward from the end beam 16 at the front end portion of the underframe 12 constituting the top portion of the vehicle body 13. The slide structure 21 is a plane having a slide end beam 22 disposed in front of the end beam 16 and in parallel with the end beam 16, and a slide middle beam 23 projecting rearward from the center of the slide end beam 22. It has a strength and a structure that is a member having a T-shape in view and that can use energy from the front at the time of collision applied to the slide end beam 22 as energy for moving the slide middle beam 23 rearward. ing.

  On the other hand, the middle beam 18 of the underframe 12 is provided with a guide portion 24 for guiding the slide middle beam 23 in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body. The collision transmitted from the slide end beam 22 to the slide middle beam 23 is provided. The guide portion 24 guides the slide middle beam 23 that moves toward the rear of the vehicle body by energy, so that the slide structure 21 is reliably moved toward the rear of the vehicle body.

  The slide middle beam 23 has a rectangular tube-shaped main body portion 25 having an axis line disposed in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body, and a slide portion 26 protruding to the upper side of the main body portion 25. The main body 25 is vertically divided by a reinforcing plate 25a provided in the horizontal direction in the middle in the vertical direction, and the base unit 14a of the coupler 14 is inserted into the lower compartment 25b. In addition, an inclined slide surface 26 a made up of an inclined surface that is widened upward is provided on the lower surface of the slide portion 26, and a horizontal upper slide surface 26 b is provided on the upper surfaces of the main body portion 25 and the slide portion 26.

  The guide portion 24 has a pair of inclined guide surfaces 24a with which the inclined slide surfaces 26a are slidably contacted, and an upper guide surface 24b facing the upper slide surface 26b. Further, the guide portion 24 is formed in an open state at the time of manufacturing the frame, and after the slide middle beam 23 is assembled from above, the cover plate 24c is fixed to the upper surface of the frame 12, thereby the slide middle beam 23. Is movably accommodated in the guide portion 24, and the lower surface of the lid plate 24c is the upper guide surface 24b. Further, a plate-like sliding member 27 is provided between the upper slide surface 26b and the upper guide surface 24b, and the inclined surfaces 24a, 26a and the sliding member 27 are always in contact with each other. Thus, the vibration of the slide structure 21 during normal time is suppressed.

  In this way, the load of the slide structure 21 is supported by the contact between the inclined slide surface 26a and the inclined guide surface 24a, so that the slide structure 21 is held at a predetermined position even if there is a slight error in the manufacturing dimensions of each member. In addition, the contact portion between the slide middle beam 23 and the guide portion 24 can be limited to the both inclined surfaces 24a and 26a and the sliding member 27, and the friction of the slide structure 21 at the time of collision can be reduced. The backward movement can be surely and smoothly performed.

  The frame 12 and the slide structure 21 firmly connect the frame 12 and the slide structure 21 during normal vehicle travel and connection, and break when the vehicle collides, allowing the slide structure 21 to move rearward of the vehicle body. The holding member 28 is connected and held, and the impact energy is generated between the frame 12 and the slide structure 21 by compressive deformation when the slide structure 21 moves rearward with respect to the frame 12 at the time of collision. A shock absorbing member 29 for absorbing is provided.

  The shock absorbing member 29 is normally provided in a state independent of a member that supports the load applied to the vehicle, and has only a function of absorbing energy at the time of collision, and the moving direction of the slide structure 21 at the time of collision is Since it is limited to the rear side of the vehicle body by the slide middle beam 23 and the guide portion 24, it is formed in a structure that can be deformed in a uniform state by a compressive load in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body. In other words, a structure corresponding to only the compressive load in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body can be adopted without considering various directions of the load, so that a sufficient structure for absorbing shock can be obtained with a simple structure that fits within the vehicle body dimensions. Can do.

  The holding member 28 connects the frame 12 and the slide structure 21 in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body. The holding member 28 has both end portions fixed to the frame 12 and the slide structure 21 at the middle part in the front-rear direction. The fracture | rupture part 28a whose cross-sectional area is small compared with is provided. The holding member 28 normally holds the slide middle beam 23 (slide structure 21) at a predetermined position in front of the vehicle body as shown in FIG. 1, and in the event of a collision, the breaking portion 28a breaks, so that FIG. As shown, the slide structure 21 is formed to move backward while deforming the shock absorbing member 29.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the holding member 28 can be formed of a plurality of connecting plates 31 held by a holding member 30 provided at the rear end of the slide middle beam 23. The connecting plate 31 is a U-shaped plate member in plan view in which the connecting portions 31b extend from both sides of the fixed plate portion 31a fixed to the holding member 30 toward the front of the vehicle body. The distal end 31c is firmly fixed to the rear side of the horizontal beam, the middle beam, or the dedicated holding member connecting beam 12a provided on the frame 12 by fixing means such as welding or bolts. A narrow fracture portion 31d having a smaller cross-sectional area than the fixed plate portion 31a side of 31b and the tip 31c side fixed to the frame 12 is provided.

  The total cross-sectional area of the breakage portions 31d provided on each connecting plate 31 is such that all the breakage portions 31d when the tensile load applied to the rear of the vehicle body from the slide structure 21 to the holding member 30 exceeds a preset tensile load. Are set so as to obtain a tensile strength that breaks substantially simultaneously.

  For example, the relative numerical value will be described as follows. The tensile strength of the entire rupture portion that is normally required is “100”, that is, the rupture portion 31d does not break even when a tensile load of “100” is applied. For example, the breaking portion 31d may be set to break when a tensile load of “120” is applied. At this time, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, when four connecting plates 31 are used, there are eight broken portions 31d, so each broken portion 31d has a tensile strength of “15”. It will be good. Therefore, it is not necessary to use a large member as the holding member 28, and a general-purpose plate material can be used.

  Furthermore, since the inherent tensile strength of each material is used, design and adjustment for breaking at a predetermined stress can be easily performed compared to the case of using shear strength and bending strength. The holding member 28 can be reliably broken. As a result, the slide structure 21 operates reliably, energy absorption by the shock absorbing member 29 can be performed reliably, and the risk of secondary disasters such as increased damage to the cabin and derailment can be avoided. it can. In addition, by forming the holding member 28 with the connecting plate 31 made of the plate material as described above, the movement start load of the slide structure 21 can be changed by changing the number and thickness of the connecting plates 31, the vehicle weight and the maximum connected vehicle. It can be easily adjusted according to various conditions such as the number.

  The above-mentioned shock absorbing structure is mainly applied to the middle beam part of the frame that transmits the load of the coupler, but if necessary, the same shock absorbing structure is also applied to the upper side of the vehicle body and the roof. It is possible to adopt. Further, the holding member only needs to have a structure that can be broken by a tensile load, and the position is also arbitrary.For example, the slide structure and the frame are connected at an appropriate position with a bolt provided in the rail direction, By selecting a material or a diameter that can be broken at a predetermined load as the bolt, it can be used as a holding member similar to the above. Furthermore, the installation position of the shock absorbing member can also be arbitrarily selected. For example, the shock absorbing member can be provided between the slide beam and the pillow beam. It can also be provided to be deformed.

It is a schematic plan view of the shock absorption structure part which shows one example of the railway vehicle of the present invention. It is a schematic plan view of the principal part which shows the state which the impact-absorbing structure part deform | transformed at the time of a collision. It is a sectional front view showing the relation between a slide middle beam and a guide part. It is a schematic plan view of the principal part which shows an example of the holding member provided between a vehicle body and a slide structure. It is VV sectional drawing of FIG. It is a side view which shows an example of a rail vehicle.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Carriage, 12 ... Underframe, 12a ... Holding member connection beam, 13 ... Car body, 14 ... Connector, 14a ... Base unit, 15 ... Side beam, 16 ... End beam, 17 ... Pillow beam, 18 ... Middle beam, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 21 ... Slide structure, 22 ... Slide end beam, 23 ... Slide middle beam, 24 ... Guide part, 24a ... Inclined guide surface, 24b ... Upper guide surface, 24c ... Cover plate, 25 ... Main part, 25a ... Reinforcement plate, 25b ... Lower section 26... Slide portion 26 a. Inclined slide surface 26 b. Upper slide surface 27 27 Slide member 28. Holding member 28 a Breaking portion 29 Shock absorbing member 30 Holding member 31 ... Connecting plate, 31a ... Fixing plate portion, 31b ... Connecting portion, 31c ... Tip, 31d ... Rupture portion

Claims (4)

  In a railway vehicle in which a slide structure that slides toward the rear of the vehicle body at the time of a collision is disposed in front of the vehicle body, the slide structure projects from a slide end beam disposed at a front position of the vehicle body and behind the slide end beam. The vehicle body is provided with a guide part for guiding the slide medium beam in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body, and a holding member for holding the slide structure at a front position of the vehicle body. The member connects the vehicle body and the slide structure in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body, and when the tensile load from the slide structure to the rear side of the vehicle body applied to the holding member exceeds a preset tensile load, the slide structure breaks. A railway vehicle having a tensile strength that allows the vehicle to move rearward of the vehicle body.   Between the vehicle body and the slide structure, there is disposed an impact absorbing member that deforms when the slide structure moves rearward with respect to the vehicle body and absorbs movement energy of the slide structure to the rear of the vehicle body. The railway vehicle according to claim 1.   The said holding member is comprised with several connection board, The fracture | rupture part with a small cross-sectional area is provided in the intermediate part of this connection board compared with the connection plate both ends. The listed railway vehicle.   The slide intermediate beam has slide portions that protrude on both sides in the vehicle body width direction, an inclined slide surface that is widened upward is provided on the lower surface of both slide portions, and the inclined slide surface is provided on the guide portion. The railway vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising an inclined guide surface that is supported so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body from below.

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