JP2008546932A - Vibrating plate with individually adjustable vibration exciter - Google Patents

Abstract

  The vibration plate has an upper mass body provided with a driving device, a lower mass body provided with a ground plate (12), and a vibration generator provided in the lower mass body for applying a load to the ground plate (12). And a vibration device. The vibration exciter has at least two individual exciters (13). These individual vibrators (13) each have an unbalanced shaft (2). These individual vibrators (13) can be individually controlled in relation to the rotational speed and / or phase of the unbalanced shaft (2) assigned to them. Therefore, mechanical connection of the unbalance shaft (2) is not necessary. The unbalance shaft (2) of the individual vibrator (13) can be rotationally driven by a hydraulic motor (4). In this case, the position of the unbalance axis (2) is measured by the position transmitter (7) at least at one point.

Description

  The present invention relates to a vibration plate according to claim 1.

  Vibrating plates are known and have, in principle, a lower mass body with a ground plate and a drive device (for example an internal combustion engine or an electric motor) connected spring-elastically to the lower mass body. And consists of an upper mass body. The driving device drives a vibration exciter that is provided on the lower mass body and that loads on the ground plate.

  As a vibration exciter, a so-called single-axis exciter or a traction oscillator is known. In a single-axis vibrator or traction oscillator, a drive device rotates and drives an unbalanced shaft that supports an unbalanced mass body. The unbalanced shaft pulls the ground plate upward and forward during its rotation, thereby causing forward movement. Thereafter, the grounding plate is pushed downward by the action of the unbalance shaft and strikes the ground to be compacted.

  In the case of larger vibration plates, the vibration exciter has two or three unbalanced shafts connected mechanically or shape-coupled. In a so-called biaxial vibrator, two unbalanced shafts each supporting one unbalanced mass body are connected in a shape-coupled manner and arranged so as to be able to rotate in the reverse direction. The phases of the unbalance shafts can be mechanically adjusted to each other via a slide guide device or a differential transmission device. A hydraulic cylinder or a Bowden cable or spindle is known as a drive for adjustment. The direction of the resultant force vector can be changed by mutually adjusting the phases of the unbalance axes. This results in a change in propulsion characteristics. In this way, in particular, the vibration plate can be moved forward and backward.

  In another configuration, the unbalanced mass is divided into two or more partially unbalanced masses that are adjustable relative to each other on the unbalance axis. If these partially unbalanced mass bodies are adjusted in a non-symmetrical manner with respect to the unbalance axis, the yaw moment can be formed around the vertical axis of the vibration exciter. Thereby, the vibration plate can be steered. When adjusting symmetrically, in particular, a partial unbalance mass is firmly attached to the relevant unbalance shaft, and another partial unbalance mass moves relative to this partial unbalance mass. Where possible, the synthetic imbalance effect can be adjusted. As a result, the composite unbalance force can be adjusted.

  Based on the strong unbalance action, the force applied to the adjusting drive for adjusting the phases of the unbalance axes and the phases of the different unbalance masses in one unbalance axis is high. The adjustment mechanism is exposed to high alternating power. This impairs the service life of the adjustment mechanism.

  In general, the unbalance shafts are arranged in parallel to each other in a known vibration exciter. Therefore, it is possible to perform forward traveling and backward traveling with a modern vibration plate, and it is possible to rotate the vibration plate on the spot or to move around a curve. However, in some usage situations, the user desires a lateral movement of the vibrating plate so that it can move, for example, behind a lateral protrusion. During ground compaction on a side tilted surface, the vibration plate often deflects diagonally downward, so the user must tilt to compensate for the vibration plate. In this case, however, the ground is only compacted by the corners of the ground plate at the upper and lower edges. This results in insufficient compaction.

  The ability of the vibrating plate to perform lateral movement is useful in this use case. However, in order to achieve this kind of lateral movement, an appropriate force action needs to be achieved in the lateral direction by means of a vibration exciter. This is only possible with unbalanced axes arranged at an inclination or angle. The arrangement that forms the angle of the unbalanced shaft of the known vibration exciter and the mechanical connection with the common drive of the vibration exciter requires significant transmission effort and correspondingly high costs and weight. .

  The problem underlying the present invention is to provide a vibration plate capable of reducing mechanical labor for driving an unbalanced shaft in a vibration exciter.

  According to the invention, this problem is solved by the vibrating plate according to claim 1. Advantageous refinements of the invention are described in the dependent claims.

  The vibration plate according to the present invention includes an upper mass body having a driving device, a lower mass body having at least one ground plate, and a vibration exciter for loading the ground plate. The vibration exciter has at least two individual exciters, each of which has at least one unbalanced shaft that supports an unbalanced mass. According to the present invention, the individual exciters can be individually controlled in relation to the rotational speed and / or phase of the unbalanced shafts arranged correspondingly.

  Thus, according to the invention, a small unit in the form of an individual exciter is provided. These units have, in the simplest case, only individual unbalance axes. The rotation speed and phase of the unbalance shaft can be controlled individually, that is, independently of the rotation speed or phase of another unbalance shaft. In contrast, the entire vibration exciter has at least two individual exciters that can be individually controlled.

  The phase of the unbalance axis is related to the relative position of the unbalance axis with respect to one or more unbalance axes that cooperate with the unbalance axis. As long as one unbalance axis is defined as a reference system, another unbalance axis or other unbalance axes rotate in the same phase, or a specified phase angle with respect to the unbalance axis of the reference system Can be rotated with. Desirably, the phase of each unbalance axis is defined in relation to a uniform reference system.

  In a particularly advantageous configuration of the invention, each individual vibrator has a hydraulic motor or an electric motor that rotationally drives each unbalanced shaft, and a position transmitter that detects the position of the unbalanced shaft in at least one state. ing. Accordingly, each unbalanced shaft can be individually driven by a hydraulic motor (electric motor) arranged corresponding to the unbalanced shaft, while the actual position of the unbalanced shaft is periodically changed via the position transmitter. Or always monitored. The position transmitter wants to detect the position of the unbalance shaft at least once, that is, once during one rotation of the unbalance shaft. As a result, the rotation speed of the unbalanced shaft is calculated, and the intermediate state can also be interpolated. Naturally, the position transmitter permanently detects the rotational state of the unbalanced shaft, and hence the rotational speed of the unbalanced shaft. Accurate recognition of the rotation state is important in order to be able to derive the phase of the unbalance axis from the rotation state.

  Advantageously, an adjusting member, in particular a hydraulic valve, is arranged correspondingly to the hydraulic motor. In this case, the individual exciter has an adjuster for evaluating the signal of the position transmitter and for controlling the adjusting member, thereby predefining the adjuster for the corresponding unbalanced shaft. A target rotational speed and / or target phase is achieved.

  Instead of a hydraulic motor, another suitable individual drive, for example a controllable electric motor, can be used for the individual unbalanced shafts of the individual exciters. However, at present, the electric motor still vibrates easily, and therefore does not have a sufficient life when considering severe vibration.

  Accordingly, each individual vibrator has its own control circuit. In this closed loop system, the unbalanced shaft is a closed loop control system, and the position transmitter is a measurement member. The position of the unbalanced shaft, and thus the actual phase and actual rotational speed of the unbalanced shaft, are measured by the position transmitter and transmitted as measured values to the adjuster. Of course, the evaluation of the signal of the position transmitter can also be performed for the first time in the adjuster itself, for example to measure the actual position. Based on the value predefined in the regulator for the target rotational speed or target phase, the regulator controls the regulating member, in particular the hydraulic valve, so that the correspondingly arranged hydraulic motor is unbalanced in the desired form. Drive.

  A particularly advantageous configuration of the invention comprises a central control for pre-defining the adjustment of the individual exciter regulators and the individual target speed and / or target phase for each regulator of the individual exciter. A device is provided to achieve the ground plate characteristics desired by the user and / or the ground plate characteristics predefined by the drive program or travel program.

  Thus, the central control device, for example a process computer, serves as an intermediate element between the user and the individual exciter of the vibration exciter. The user predefines in advance the desire to travel to the vibration plate such as forward travel, reverse travel, rotational travel, lateral travel or curve travel in the central control unit. The central control unit is assigned a travel program corresponding to the user's desires, and from this travel program, a specific target rotational speed of the unbalanced shaft of the individual exciter, in particular a prescribed value for the target phase, is derived. This target value is individually transmitted to the adjuster of the individual exciter, and in this case, the adjuster of the individual exciter ensures the appropriate characteristics of the unbalanced shafts respectively correspondingly arranged.

  In another configuration of the invention, only the “all responsible” central coordinator is provided instead of the individual exciter coordinator and the host central controller. The central adjuster serves to evaluate the individual position transmitter signals of the individual exciters and to individually control the adjustment members of the individual exciters, whereby the characteristics of the ground plate desired by the user, and A ground plate characteristic predefined by the driving program is achieved. Unlike the rather decentralized control structure described above, the central coordinator provides a combined control device. The central adjuster intensively detects the characteristics of each unbalanced axis and takes necessary measures. As a result, the unbalanced shaft achieves the required rotational characteristics. Here too, for example, the user's wishes or pre-defined running programs that are required for the forward or backward running of the ground plate are important.

  Predetermined features can be utilized when controlling the rotational speed and phase of the plurality of unbalanced shafts. That is, based on the alternating action of energy, the unbalanced shaft arranged on the common rigid support tends to synchronize itself with respect to the rotational speed of the unbalanced shaft. In this case, the regulator has to adjust only the change or difference from the self-synchronized state, especially assuming an appropriate target value for the phase. This achieves the desired relative position or phase of the relevant unbalance axis.

  Advantageously, the unbalanced shafts of the individual exciters are driven at the same speed. It is thus possible to obtain the characteristics of a collaborative individual exciter, which corresponds to the characteristics of known vibratory exciters, which operate purely mechanically, in particular based on the shape-coupled connection of the relevant unbalanced shaft.

  However, advantageously, the individual exciters can be controlled individually so that the unbalanced shaft of at least one individual exciter is driven at a different speed than the unbalanced shaft of the remaining individual exciters. It is also possible to be done. In particular, this further rotational speed may be an odd multiple, for example 3 or 5 times the rotational speed of the remaining unbalanced shafts of the exciter. Thus, in a specific use case, special vibration characteristics of the vibration exciter can be obtained. This is not practically feasible with a dentition transmission in a purely mechanically operated vibration exciter, or it can only be achieved with great effort. A mere temporary shift in the rotational speed is almost negligible in a vibration exciter that operates purely mechanically. This is because a switching transmission is required for this purpose.

  Different speeds of the at least one unbalanced shaft can lead to a particularly powerful blow to the ground for specific use cases.

  In yet another particularly advantageous configuration of the invention, the at least one individual exciter can be controlled such that the unbalanced shaft arranged corresponding to the individual exciter suitably achieves a non-uniform rotational speed. It is. Fundamentally, the rotational speed of the unbalance must start from fluctuating based on a permanent energy exchange between the kinetic energy of the unbalance shaft itself and the ground plate loaded by the unbalance shaft. The correspondingly arranged adjuster surely always tries to keep the rotational speed of the unbalanced shaft in accordance with a predetermined target value. However, based on the high speed, it must be assumed that the regulator cannot compensate for rotational speed variations for energy exchange. Rather, it is usually sufficient to adjust the intermediate phase and rotational speed of the unbalanced shaft to the desired target value.

  However, in the configuration described here, the regulator has a role of appropriately engraving a non-uniform rotational speed without being influenced by the rotational speed fluctuation that is almost unavoidable in practice. In this case, the unbalanced shaft suitably achieves different rotational speeds during one revolution, for example, to allow a relatively long grounding of the grounding plate so that the stab energy can be effectively guided to the ground. It may be advantageous.

  In a particularly advantageous further configuration of the invention, a second vibration excitation comprising at least two unbalanced shafts connected in a form-coupled manner and applying a load to a single ground plate and driven in reverse rotation. A device is provided. In order to determine the phase of the unbalance axis, at least one unbalance axis of the second vibration exciter is disposed in correspondence with the position transmitter. The signal from the position transmitter is transmitted to the central controller or the central adjuster, and thereby the rotational speed and / or phase of the unbalanced shaft of the second vibration exciter including the individual exciter is adjusted.

  Thus, in this configuration, a “conventional” vibration exciter, which is operated by a purely mechanically coupled connection (gear), is combined with the individual exciter of the vibration exciter according to the invention. This makes it possible to further utilize a purely mechanically actuated second vibration exciter with a working principle that has proven effective over the years. For example, the second vibration exciter works to generate a vibration force. This vibration force can be used only for forward travel or reverse travel, and the force effect for steering or the force effect for lateral travel of the vibration plate is the vibration excitation with the individual exciter according to the present invention. Acquired by the device. In another variant, the mechanically actuated second vibration exciter works exclusively to create a vertical compaction force, and the force for moving and steering the vibration plate is according to the invention. It is obtained by an individual vibrator of a vibration vibration device.

  The central controller or central adjuster adjusts the characteristics of the second vibration exciter with the individual exciter of the vibration exciter according to the invention in order to obtain the desired characteristics of the ground plate.

  Advantageously, the position transmitter has a rotation angle measuring device. Therefore, the position of one unbalanced shaft, and hence the rotational speed can always be accurately detected.

  In still another configuration of the present invention, the individual exciter and / or the second vibration exciter is distributed and arranged on a plurality of ground plates. Thus, the lower mass has a plurality of ground plates, each of which corresponds to a purely mechanical second vibration exciter and / or one or more individual exciters. Has been placed. In this case, almost any combination is possible. Of course, it is also possible to consider that the individual vibration exciter of the vibration exciter according to the present invention is exclusively distributed to the ground plate without requiring one second vibration exciter.

  In a particularly advantageous configuration of the invention, at least a plurality of unbalanced shafts of the individual exciters are arranged on the ground plate such that the force vectors formed by these unbalanced shafts act on different planes. . Due to the rotation of the unbalance shaft, the unbalance mass bodies arranged on the unbalance shaft each form a centrifugal force vector. This centrifugal force vector rotates in a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis of the unbalance axis. If the pivot axis of the unbalance shaft is arranged differently on the ground plate, the force vector of the unbalance mass will also act on different planes accordingly. Depending on the control of the unbalance axis, the force action that provides the appropriate motion characteristics of the ground plate can be formed in different directions.

  Advantageously, at least a plurality of unbalanced shafts of the individual exciters are arranged on the individual exciters at a radial, axial, parallel or angled relative to the ground plate. Of course, each mixed form of this type of arrangement can be considered to obtain the desired travel and direction characteristics of one ground plate or multiple ground plates or multiple ground plates.

  In a refinement of the invention, at least one unbalanced shaft supports a larger unbalanced mass than another unbalanced shaft. In this type of configuration, for example, vibration plates are used in forward / reverse driving in the main case, rotation and curve / tilting are rather exceptions or require relatively little force action And not. Correspondingly, it is desirable that the individual exciter working for forward / reverse travel has a larger unbalanced mass than the individual exciter that only wants to perform curve travel or tilt travel.

  According to the present invention, a vibration plate having an individually adjustable vibration exciter is a vibration plate for ground compaction, and is provided with an upper mass body having a driving device, and at least A lower mass body having one grounding plate is provided, and a vibration exciter for applying a load to the grounding plate having at least two individual vibrators is provided. In the form of having at least one unbalanced shaft each supporting an unbalanced mass; individual exciters can be connected to the rotational speed and / or phase of the correspondingly arranged unbalanced shaft. It is characterized by being individually controllable in relation.

  In the vibration plate according to the present invention, advantageously, each individual vibrator is a hydraulic motor or an electric motor that rotationally drives the unbalance shaft, and a position transmitter that detects the position of the unbalance shaft at at least one position. And have.

  The vibration plate according to the invention is advantageously provided with a hydraulic motor (4) and an adjustment member (6), in particular a hydraulic valve, correspondingly, and an individual vibrator is used to evaluate the signal of the position transmitter, And an adjusting device for controlling the adjusting member, whereby a target rotational speed and / or a target phase predefined in the adjusting device for the unbalanced shaft are achieved.

  The vibration plate according to the invention is advantageously provided for the central controller to adjust the individual exciter regulators and for the individual exciter regulators and / or individual target revolutions. It is provided for pre-defining the phase, whereby a predetermined characteristic of the ground plate desired by the user and / or a predetermined characteristic of the ground plate pre-defined by the work program or traveling program is obtained.

  The vibration plate according to the invention is advantageously provided with an adjustment member, in particular a hydraulic valve, corresponding to the hydraulic motor, so that the central regulator evaluates the signal of the position transmitter of the individual vibrator, And for adjusting individually the adjustment member of the individual exciter so that the predetermined characteristics of the ground plate desired by the user and / or the ground plate pre-defined by the work program or traveling program are provided. Predetermined characteristics are obtained.

  In the vibration plate according to the invention, the unbalanced shaft of the individual exciter is advantageously driven at the same rotational speed.

  In the vibration plate according to the invention, the unbalance shaft of at least one individual exciter is advantageously driven at a different speed than the unbalance shaft of the remaining individual exciters.

  In the diaphragm according to the invention, the further rotational speed is preferably an odd number of times, in particular 3 or 5 times, the speed of the unbalanced shaft of the remaining individual vibrators.

  The vibration plate according to the invention is advantageously controllable by at least one individual exciter so that an unbalanced shaft arranged corresponding to the individual exciter suitably achieves a non-uniform rotational speed. is there.

  The vibration plate according to the present invention is advantageously provided with a second vibration exciter that loads the ground plate, and has at least two unbalanced shafts connected in a shape coupling manner and driven in reverse rotation. A position transmitter is disposed in correspondence with at least one unbalanced shaft of the second vibration exciter to determine the phase of the unbalanced shaft; In order to adjust the rotation speed and / or phase of the unbalance shaft of the second vibration exciter with the exciter, it is transmitted to the central controller or the central adjuster.

  In the vibration plate according to the present invention, the position transmitter preferably has a rotation angle detection device.

  In the vibration plate according to the present invention, the individual vibration exciter and / or the second vibration vibration exciter are advantageously distributed and arranged in a plurality of ground plates.

  The vibrating plate according to the invention is advantageously arranged on the ground plate so that at least a plurality of unbalanced shafts of the individual exciters act on different planes of force vectors formed by the individual exciters. Has been.

  In the vibration plate according to the invention, advantageously, at least a plurality of unbalance axes of the individual exciters are arranged on the ground plate in a radial, axial direction, parallel or at an angle to each other.

  The vibrating plate according to the invention advantageously supports an unbalanced mass with at least one unbalanced axis larger than another unbalanced axis.

  In the following, advantages of the present invention and other advantages and features will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  As described above, the present invention relates to a ground compaction device configured as a vibration plate. The structure of this ground compaction device is known in principle. A substantial component of the vibration plate is a vibration exciter. This vibration exciter guides the adjusted vibration to the ground plate. The vibrating ground plate acts on the ground to compact the ground. Furthermore, the total combined force generated by the vibration exciter achieves a propulsive force in the longitudinal direction or the lateral direction, and steers the vibration plate. In principle, this structure has been known for some time, so detailed description is not necessary.

  The vibration plate according to the present invention has a vibration excitation device including at least two individual vibration generators 13 acting on the ground plate 12.

  The cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 shows a schematic structure of the individual vibrator 13 according to the present invention.

  For example, an unbalanced shaft 2 is rotatably supported on the tubular casing 1. The unbalance shaft 2 supports the unbalance mass body 3.

  The unbalance shaft 2 is rotationally driven by a hydraulic motor 4. A hydraulic medium is supplied to the hydraulic motor 4 from a hydraulic pressure supply unit (not shown) via a hydraulic line 5. The hydraulic pressure supply unit may be substantially disposed on the upper mass body in the vibration plate. The constituent member of the hydraulic pressure supply unit is, for example, a diesel unit, a gasoline unit, or an electric unit that drives a hydraulic pump.

  The hydraulic pump creates a hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic medium. This hydraulic medium can be stored in a hydraulic accumulator. In addition, a hydraulic storage tank for collecting and storing the hydraulic medium must be provided. Based on the strong vibration action in the lower mass body, it is advantageous if most components of the hydraulic supply are arranged in an upper mass body that is separated in terms of vibration from the lower mass body. Thereby, it is only necessary to form a connection from the hydraulic supply part to the hydraulic motor 4 by the hydraulic line 5.

  A hydraulic valve 6 serving as an adjustment member is disposed downstream of the hydraulic motor 4. The hydraulic valve 6 controls the hydraulic outflow according to the hydraulic motor 4, and consequently affects the rotational speed of the hydraulic motor 4. Of course, the hydraulic valve 6 can also be arranged upstream of the hydraulic motor 4.

  A position transmitter 7 is provided at the end of the unbalanced shaft 2 that is positioned relative to the hydraulic motor 4. For example, the position transmitter 7 which is a rotation angle detection device can detect the position of the unbalance shaft 2 at at least one position. This can be done, for example, optically, magnetically, or inductively or capacitively. From the possibility of detecting the position of the unbalance shaft 2 at least once during one rotation of the unbalance shaft 2, the rotation speed and phase of the unbalance shaft 2 can be obtained. Furthermore, it is possible to easily confirm the position of the unbalance axis 2 at any point in time with sufficient accuracy by interpolation. Therefore, the position of the unbalance shaft 2 is important because the unbalance mass 3 supported by the unbalance shaft 2 forms a strong centrifugal force action during rotation. The centrifugal force of the unbalanced mass 3 cooperates with the centrifugal force of another individual vibrator 13 provided in the vibration exciter, thus forming a total synthetic force action. This total resultant force action determines the motion characteristics of the ground plate 12 loaded by the individual vibrator 13. Only when the rotational speed and phase of the unbalanced shaft 2 are in exact harmony with each other, the ground plate 12 moves as desired.

  The vibration exciter according to the present invention has at least two individual exciters 13. These individual vibrators 13 are appropriately arranged on the ground plate 12. A possible arrangement format will be described later.

  Further, the individual vibrator 13 shown in FIG. The regulator 8 evaluates the signal formed by the position transmitter 7 and calculates at least the rotational speed and / or position of the unbalanced mass 3 in relation to a predetermined time point (phase).

  Further, the regulator 8 receives the target value signal 9 as will be explained further below. A target rotational speed or a target phase required by the target value signal 9 is defined in advance. Accordingly, the regulator 8 controls the hydraulic valve 6 in order to achieve the desired rotational speed and phase of the unbalanced shaft 2 or unbalanced mass 3 by the hydraulic motor 4.

  FIG. 2 shows a schematic structure of a vibration exciter according to the present invention including the two individual exciters 13 shown in FIG. The individual vibrators 13 are arranged in parallel to each other in FIG.

  A central controller 10 is provided which predefines a target value signal 9 for each regulator 8 of the individual vibrator 13. In this case, each adjuster 8 ensures that the unbalanced shaft 2 moves in the desired manner for the individual vibrator 13 arranged corresponding to the adjuster 8 in the above-described manner.

  The target value signal 9 defined in advance by the central controller 10 may be different for each individual vibrator 13. In this case, the substantial difference parameters are the target rotational speed, the target phase, and the target rotational direction. The rotation direction can be freely changed, and additional configuration work is required when the hydraulic motor 4 or the hydraulic valve 6 is realized. In normal cases, no change in the direction of rotation is required.

  FIG. 2 shows, for example, two individual vibrators 13. Of course, it is easy to equip the vibration exciter according to the present invention with two or more individual exciters 13 that can be individually controlled.

  FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the present invention. In this case, similarly, a vibration exciter including two individual exciters 13 is shown.

  Unlike the individual exciters described in connection with FIGS. 1 and 2, the individual exciter of FIG. 3 does not have the regulator 8 arranged correspondingly individually. Rather, the signal from the position transmitter 7 is guided to the central adjuster 11. This central adjuster 11 evaluates all signals of all the individual vibrators 13. In this case, the central regulator 11 appropriately controls each hydraulic valve 6 individually, thereby providing the desired characteristics of the unbalanced shaft 2 individually for each individual vibrator 13.

  In this embodiment, the construction effort is less than in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 due to the fact that only one regulator is required. The embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 again offers the advantage that the individually matched regulators 8 allow very fast and small control circuits.

  The central control device 10 or the central adjuster 11 incorporates an appropriate work program or traveling program. With this work program or traveling program, the control for the individual exciter 13 can be controlled by the operator via the operation elements (remote control device, operation lever, button) for the traveling / vibration characteristics of the vibration plate. It can be converted into regulations. For example, when the operator desires to shift from stationary compaction of the vibration plate to forward travel, the central controller 10 or the central adjuster 11 adjusts the phase in at least one individual vibrator 13. As a result, the total synthetic force changes its direction of action.

  For reliable normal operation, it is intended that the unbalanced shafts 2 try to rotate at the same rotational speed as accurately as possible. In addition, however, the position error of the unbalanced shaft 2 is always monitored so that the rotational speed error can always be corrected. This maintains the desired phase between the unbalance axes. Therefore, the error of increasing the rotation speed is eliminated.

  The hydraulic valve 6 that functions as an adjusting member for controlling the rotational speed and phase of the unbalanced shaft 2 is desired to be able to be switched quickly. In practice, different solutions can be supplemented or alternatively provided for the embodiment shown in FIG.

  The hydraulic valve 6 can also be disposed upstream of the inflow passage of the hydraulic motor 4. The hydraulic valve 6 is desired to be a rapid proportional valve. In the manifold valve, it is possible to tightly tighten the hydraulic motor 4 and prevent the unbalanced shaft 2 from participating in the vibration formation for a predetermined time.

  Further, the same amount of oil can be supplied to the plurality of hydraulic motors 4 via the hydraulic pressure synchronization block. Alternatively, an individual hydraulic pump can be arranged corresponding to each hydraulic motor 4. The rotation speed and phase of the unbalance shaft are corrected by a relatively small metering valve or outflow valve that is individually arranged. The metering valve or outflow valve simply increases or decreases the volumetric flow of the hydraulic medium towards or from the hydraulic motor 4.

  In addition, a proportional valve can be placed in front of the hydraulic pressure synchronization block in order to adapt the rotational speed of the entire system to the needs. The hydraulic synchronization block can be replaced with a relatively slow metering valve provided separately.

  Furthermore, it is possible to provide an on-off valve that can be switched quickly in combination with the modified embodiment. When a plurality of quick opening / closing valves are switched in parallel, a predetermined proportion is traced stepwise.

  The hydraulic motor 4 and the hydraulic valve 6 can be replaced with a regulating hydraulic motor. This adjusting hydraulic motor can be directly controlled by the regulator 8. Furthermore, an adjustment hydraulic pump arranged individually corresponding to each unbalance shaft 2 may be provided.

  Due to the high vibration amplitude in the lower mass, it is not advantageous to place a solenoid valve there. In any case, the electromagnetic valve needs to be disposed on the upper mass body. Already today, however, relatively anti-vibration valves have been developed, for example piezoelectric valves or fluid solenoid valves, which are located very close to the hydraulic motor 4 as far as proven in practice. be able to. Thus, inaccuracies due to the compressibility of the hydraulic medium and the elasticity of the conduit are eliminated.

  FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the ground plate 12 as viewed from above. Four individual vibrators 13 are arranged on the ground plate 12 at an angle to each other. By appropriate control of the individual vibrator 13, almost arbitrary traveling characteristics of the ground plate 12 in the forward direction, backward direction and lateral direction, stationary rotation, and curve traveling can be achieved.

  FIGS. 5 and 6 show another embodiment of the present invention in which individual exciters 13 are arranged differently on the ground plate 12. The individual vibrators 13 are arranged on the ground plate in a radial (FIG. 5), axial direction (FIG. 5), parallel (FIGS. 5 and 6) or at an angle to each other (FIGS. 4 to 6). .

  The person skilled in the art has almost any possibility when choosing an arrangement. This is because a person skilled in the art does not need to pay attention to the mechanical connection of the unbalanced shaft of the vibration exciter as in the past. Rather, those skilled in the art can arbitrarily place the individual vibrator 13, which is a single unit, on the ground plate 12. In this case, the person skilled in the art only has the problem of programming the control device which is the central control device 10 or the central regulator 11 appropriately in view of the arrangement of the individual vibrators 13.

  FIG. 7 shows yet another possibility to place the individual vibrator 13 on the ground plate 12. For simplification of the drawing, the individual exciter 13 is shown only as a line.

  Accordingly, in FIG. 7a), the unbalanced shaft 2 of the individual exciter 13 is partly parallel and axially shifted and arranged coaxially and / or partly at an angle to each other. Yes.

  In FIG. 7 b, there is provided an individual exciter 14 that is additionally reinforced to the “normal” individual exciter 13. These reinforced individual exciters 14 have an unbalanced shaft with a relatively large unbalanced mass. Correspondingly, the individual exciter 14 reinforced is symbolically shown as a stretched box rather than a line.

  Advantageously, the reinforced individual exciter 14 can be used to achieve an enhanced compaction action or a smooth forward / backward travel. Correspondingly, an “ordinary” individual exciter 13 or an individual exciter with a relatively small unbalanced mass is provided for steering the vibration plate. However, the unbalanced shaft with the enlarged unbalanced mass provided on the reinforced individual exciter 14 can be replaced with a “normal” individual exciter 13, for example several The individual vibrators 13 are arranged in parallel to each other.

  In FIG. 7c) yet another embodiment is shown symbolically. In this embodiment, three partial ground plates 12a, 12b, 12c are provided instead of the single ground plate 12. These partial ground plates 12 a, 12 b, and 12 c support the individual vibrators 13 and are coupled to each other via a coupling member 15. Thereby, a relatively large vibration plate can be realized. Nevertheless, the vibration plate can easily move the ground based on the flexibility that can be achieved by the divided relatively movable ground plates 12a, 12b, 12c.

  The central control device 10 or the central adjuster 11 can follow a pre-defined program, and can thereby realize a defined running state. This traveling state is forward traveling and rectilinear traveling, stationary vibration, or curve traveling. In the case of four or more individual exciters 13 that can be controlled independently from each other, the movement of the lower mass body changes the angular state of the unbalance shaft to each other so that the collision of the ground plate 12 with the ground becomes parallel. It can also be adjusted to be done appropriately or as an edge strike. When hitting the edge, the edge or even just one corner first touches the ground, and then the other lower surface of the ground plate 12 finally collides. The central control device 10 or the central regulator 11 is preferably an intelligent control device with fuzzy logic and / or adaptive characteristics, so that it can be adapted to the actual ground / ground conditions.

1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an individual vibrator according to the present invention. It is the figure which showed the vibration exciter by this invention provided with two separate exciters. It is the figure which showed the change Example of the vibration exciter by this invention provided with two separate exciters. It is the figure which looked at the grounding plate provided with the vibration excitation apparatus by this invention based on 1st Example of this invention from the top. It is the figure which looked at the grounding plate provided with the vibration excitation apparatus by this invention based on 2nd Example of this invention from the top. It is the figure which looked at the ground plate provided with the vibration excitation apparatus by this invention based on 3rd Example of this invention from the top. It is the figure which illustrated the arrangement form of an individual vibrator.

Claims (15)

A vibration plate for compacting the ground,
-An upper mass with a drive is provided;
A lower mass with at least one ground plate (12) is provided;
A vibration exciter for applying a load to a ground plate (12) comprising at least two individual exciters (13) is provided, said individual exciters (13) being each unbalanced mass (3 In the form of having at least one unbalanced shaft (2) supporting
Vibration for ground compaction, characterized in that the individual vibrators (13) can be individually controlled in relation to the rotational speed and / or phase of the unbalanced shafts (2) arranged corresponding to each other plate.   Each individual vibrator (13) detects the position of the hydraulic motor (4) or electric motor that rotationally drives the unbalance shaft (2) and the position of the unbalance shaft (2) at at least one position. The vibration plate according to claim 1, further comprising: The adjusting member (6), in particular the hydraulic valve, is arranged correspondingly to the hydraulic motor (4);
The individual vibrator (13) has a regulator (8) for the evaluation of the signal of the position transmitter (7) and for the control of the adjustment member (6), whereby an unbalanced shaft (2 The vibration plate according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a target rotational speed and / or a target phase predefined in the regulator (8) is achieved.   A central controller (10) adjusts the regulator (8) of the individual exciter (13) and for each regulator (8) of the individual exciter (13) Provided for pre-defining the target phase, whereby predetermined characteristics of the ground plate (12) desired by the user and / or the ground plate (12) pre-defined by the work program or travel program The vibration plate according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined characteristic is obtained. The adjusting member (6), in particular the hydraulic valve, is arranged correspondingly to the hydraulic motor (4);
The central adjuster (11) for evaluating the signal of the position transmitter (7) of the individual exciter (13) and for individually controlling the adjusting member (6) of the individual exciter (13); The predetermined characteristics of the grounding plate (12) desired by the user and / or the predetermined characteristics of the grounding plate (12) predefined by the work program or the traveling program are obtained. Item 3. The vibration plate according to Item 1 or 2.   6. The vibration plate according to claim 1, wherein the unbalance shaft (2) of the individual vibrator (13) is driven at the same rotational speed.   The unbalanced shaft (2) of at least one individual exciter (13) is driven at a different speed than the unbalanced shaft (2) of the remaining individual exciters (13). The vibration plate according to any one of 5 to 5.   8. Vibrating plate according to claim 7, wherein the further rotational speed is an odd number, in particular 3 or 5, times the rotational speed of the unbalanced shaft (2) of the remaining individual vibrator (13).   The at least one individual exciter (13) is controllable such that an unbalanced shaft (2) arranged corresponding to the individual exciter (13) suitably achieves a non-uniform rotational speed. Item 9. The vibration plate according to any one of Items 1 to 8. A second vibration exciter for loading the ground plate (12) is provided, and there are provided at least two unbalanced shafts connected in a shape-coupled manner and driven in reverse rotation;
A position transmitter is arranged corresponding to at least one unbalanced axis of the second vibration exciter for determining the phase of the unbalanced axis;
The signal from said position transmitter is used to adjust the rotational speed and / or phase of the unbalanced shaft of the second vibration exciter with the individual exciter (13); 10. Vibrating plate according to any one of claims 1 to 9, transmitted to a regulator (11).   The vibration plate according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the position transmitter (7) has a rotation angle detection device.   12. The individual exciter (13) and / or the second vibration exciter are distributed and arranged in a plurality of ground plates (12a, 12b, 12c). Vibration plate.   At least a plurality of unbalanced shafts (2) of the individual exciter (13) are arranged on the ground plate (12) so that the force vector formed by the individual exciter (13) acts on different planes. The vibration plate according to claim 1, wherein the vibration plate is formed.   14. At least a plurality of unbalanced shafts (2) of the individual exciter (13) are arranged on the ground plate (12) radially, axially, parallel or at an angle to each other. The vibration plate according to claim 1.   15. Vibrating plate according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one unbalanced shaft (2) supports a larger unbalanced mass (3) than another unbalanced shaft.

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