JP2008529167A - 協調的共用ストレージアーキテクチャ - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本発明はストレージシステムに関し、特に、複数のストレージシステムと共に使用される協調的共用ストレージアーキテクチャに関する。
ストレージシステムは、メモリ、テープ、又はディスクのような書き込み可能な永久的記憶装置上での情報の編成に関するストレージサービスを提供するコンピュータである。ストレージシステムは一般に、ストレージ・エリア・ネットワーク(SAN)環境や、ネットワーク・アタッチド・ストレージ(NAS)環境の中に配置される。NAS環境で使われる場合、ストレージシステムは、ファイルシステムを実施し、情報をディレクトリやファイルの階層構造として例えばディスク上に論理編成するオペレーティングシステムを含むファイルサーバとして実施される場合がある。「ディスク上」の各ファイルは、そのファイルの実際のデータのような情報を記憶するように構成された、例えばディスクブロックのようなデータ構造の集まりとして実施される。一方、ディレクトリは、他のファイルやディレクトリに関する情報を記憶する特殊な形式のファイルとして実施される。
本発明は、任意数のストレージシステムにわたるスペアのコストの分散が可能であり、多数のストレージシステム処理の改善が可能な新規な協調的共用ストレージアーキテクチャを提供することにより、従来技術の欠点を克服する。この協調的共用ストレージアーキテクチャは、ハブのような複数の中間ネットワークデバイスを介して接続された複数のディスクシェルフを含む。各ストレージシステムは、ターゲットデバイスドライバモジュールを有するストレージオペレーティングシステムを含む。ターゲットデバイスドライバモジュールは、ストレージシステムをSCSIターゲットとして機能させることでき、それによって、ストレージシステムは、他のストレージシステムからそのストレージシステム宛てに送られたコマンドを受信し、処理することが可能となる。
A.クラスタ化ストレージシステム環境
図2は、本発明の原理が実施される例示的ネットワーク環境200を示す略ブロック図である。環境200は、1以上のクライアント104に接続されたネットワーククラウド102を含む。クライアント104は、PCやワークステーションのような汎用コンピュータであってもよいし、ブロックアクセスプロトコルを備えたオペレーティングシステム上でアプリケーションを実行するように構成されたアプリケーションサーバのような特殊目的のコンピュータであってもよい。ネットワーククラウド102には、赤色ストレージシステム300A、青色ストレージシステム300B、及び緑色ストレージシステム300Cも接続される。これらのストレージシステムは、以下で詳しく説明するように、例えばディスクシェルフ112、及び114上に存在するディスクのような相互接続された記憶装置に対する記憶、及びアクセスを制御するように構成されたストレージアプライアンスとして実施される。
図3は、ディスクのような記憶装置上での情報の編成に関するストレージサービスを提供するように構成された例示的ストレージシステム300を示す略ブロック図である。ストレージシステム300は、例えばシステムバス330によって相互接続されたプロセッサ305、メモリ315、複数のネットワークアダプタ325a、325b、ストレージアダプタ320、及びクラスタ相互接続アダプタ335を含むストレージアプライアンスとして実施される。ストレージアプライアンスは、ネットワーク・アタッチド・ストレージ(NAS)デプロイメントやストレージ・エリア・ネットワーク(SAN)デプロイメントのユーザ(システム管理者)及びクライアントのために、再利用可能な記憶空間を含め、ストレージサービス管理の単純化や、ストレージ再構成の容易化といった機能を有するコンピュータである。ストレージアプライアンスは、ファイルシステムを通じてNASサービスを提供するが、同アプライアンスは、論理ユニット番号(LUN)のエミュレーションのようなSAN仮想化を通してSANサービスも提供する。そのようなストレージアプライアンスの一例は、「MULTI-PROTOCOL STORAGE APPLIANCE THAT PROVIDES INTEGRATED SUPPORT FOR FILE AND BLOCK ACCESS PROTOCOLS」と題するBrian Pawlowski他による米国特許出願第10/215,917号に記載されている。なお、「ストレージシステム」という用語と、「ストレージアプライアンス」という用語は同義で使用される。ストレージアプライアンス300は更に、情報をディレクトリ、ファイル、及び仮想ディスク(vdisk)ストレージオブジェクトの階層構造としてディスク上に論理編成するための仮想化システムを備えたストレージオペレーティングシステムを有する。
一実施形態として、ストレージオペレーティングシステムは、Write Anywhere File Layout(WAFL)ファイルシステムを実施するNetApp Data ONTAPオペレーティングシステムである。ただし、当然ながら、その場書き込み形ファイルシステムのような何らかの適当なファイルシステムに改良を加え、本明細書に記載する発明の原理にしたがって使用することも可能である。したがって、「WAFL」という用語を使用した場合でも、この用語は、本発明の教示に適合させることが可能な任意のファイルシステムを指すものとして広い意味で解釈しなければならない。
本発明は、任意数のストレージシステムにわたるスペアのコストの分散が可能で、多数のストレージシステムオペレーションを改善することが可能な、新規な協調的共用ストレージアーキテクチャを提供することによって、従来技術の欠点を克服する。本発明は、複数のストレージシステム間におけるスペア記憶装置の記憶装置単位のロードバランシング、及び共用が可能な協調的共用ストレージアーキテクチャを提供する。その目的のために、ストレージオペレーティングシステム400の新規なターゲットドライバモジュール460は、各ストレージシステムをターゲットとして機能させ、それによって、各ストレージシステムが、環境内の他のストレージシステムからコマンドを受信し、処理できるようにする。これらのコマンドは、コマンドブロックに関連付けられたメッセージとして、ネットワーク環境200内の中間データパス206〜218介して、ストレージシステム間でやりとりされる。
新規な協調的共用ストレージアーキテクチャによって提供される機能の1つは、ストレージシステム環境内の全てのストレージシステムにわたって、例えばディスクドライブのようなスペア記憶装置のコストを分散する能力である。図2の例示的環境では、ディスクシェルフ112、114上のディスクはいずれも、ストレージシステム300のうちのいずれかによってアクセスされる場合がある。したがって、いずれかのディスクシェルフ上に物理的に配置されたスペアディスクは、故障したディスクを置き換えるために、いずれかのストレージシステムによって使用される場合がある。
Claims (21)
- 1以上のストレージアプライアンスを使用して協調的共用ストレージアーキテクチャを構成する方法であって、
第1のネットワークを介して1以上のクライアントを1以上のストレージアプライアンスに相互接続するステップと、
1以上の中間ネットワークデバイスを使用して、一連のデータ記憶装置を前記1以上のストレージアプライアンスに相互接続するステップと、
前記1以上のストレージシステムのそれぞれにターゲットデバイスドライバを設け、該ターゲットデバイスドライバにより、各ストレージシステムが、前記1以上の中間ネットワークデバイスを介して前記1以上のストレージシステムと通信できるようにすることによって、各ストレージシステムをターゲットデバイスとしてアクセスできるようにするステップと
を含む方法。 - 前記中間ネットワークデバイスは、ハブからなる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記中間ネットワークデバイスは、ルータからなる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記1以上のデータ記憶装置は、ディスクドライブからなる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第1のネットワークに相互接続され、かつ前記1以上の中間ネットワークストレージデバイスのうちの1つに相互接続された更に別のストレージシステムを設けるステップを更に含み、該更に別のストレージシステムは、前記中間ネットワークデバイスに相互接続された前記記憶装置のいずれにもアクセスできるように構成される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記1以上の中間ネットワークデバイスのうちの少なくとも1つに相互接続された更に別のデータ記憶装置を設け、それによって、前記少なくとも1つの中間ネットワークデバイスに相互接続された前記1以上のストレージシステムのいずれもが、前記データ記憶装置をアドレス指定できるようにするステップを更に含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記1以上の中間ネットワークデバイスのうちの少なくとも1つに相互接続された不揮発性ランダムアクセスメモリデバイスを設けるステップを更に含み、前記不揮発性ランダムアクセスメモリデバイスは、前記ストレージシステムのうちの1以上によって送信されたデータを、該データが前記記憶装置のうちの1以上に記憶される前に記憶するように構成される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ストレージアプライアンスは、ストレージシステムからなる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 1以上のストレージアプライアンスを使用して、協調的共用ストレージアーキテクチャを構成するシステムであって、
第1のネットワークを介して前記1以上のストレージアプライアンスに相互接続された1以上のクライアントと、
前記1以上のストレージアプライアンスに一連のデータ記憶装置を相互接続するように構成された1以上の中間ネットワークデバイスと
を含み、各ストレージシステムのターゲットデバイスドライバにより、各ストレージシステムをターゲットデバイスとしてアクセス可能である、システム。 - 前記データ記憶装置は、ディスクドライブからなる、請求項9に記載のシステム。
- 前記中間ネットワークデバイスは、ハブからなる、請求項9に記載のシステム。
- 前記中間ネットワークデバイスは、スイッチからなる、請求項9に記載のシステム。
- 前記中間ネットワークデバイスは、ルータからなる、請求項9に記載のシステム。
- 前記第1のネットワークに相互接続され、かつ前記1以上の中間ストレージデバイスのうちの1つに相互接続された更に別のストレージシステムを更に含み、該更に別のストレージシステムが、前記中間ネットワークデバイスに相互接続された記憶装置のいずれにもアクセスできるように構成される、請求項9に記載のシステム。
- 前記1以上の中間ネットワークデバイスのうちの少なくとも1つに相互接続された不揮発性ランダムアクセスメモリを更に含み、該不揮発性ランダムアクセスメモリは、前記ストレージシステムのうちの1以上によって送信されたデータを、該データが前記イ億装置のうちの1以上に記憶される前に記憶するように構成される、請求項9に記載のシステム。
- 更に別のデータ記憶装置を更に含み、該更に別のデータ記憶装置は、前記1以上の中間ネットワークデバイスのうちの少なくとも1つに相互接続され、それによって、前記少なくとも1つの中間ネットワークデバイスに相互接続された前記1以上のストレージシステムのいずれもが、前記データ記憶装置をアドレス指定可能である、請求項9に記載のシステム。
- 協調的共用ストレージアーキテクチャで使用されるストレージシステムであって、
ターゲットデバイスドライバモジュールを備えたストレージオペレーティングシステムを含み、該ターゲットデバイスドライバモジュールは、前記ストレージシステムをターゲットとしてアドレス指定することを可能にし、前記ターゲットデバイスドライバモジュールは更に、前記ストレージシステムが、1以上の中間ネットワークデバイスを使用して、前記ストレージシステムに相互接続された記憶装置をアドレス指定することができるようにする、ストレージシステム。 - 前記中間ネットワークデバイスは、ハブからなる、請求項17に記載のストレージシステム。
- 前記ストレージシステムに相互接続された前記中間ネットワークデバイスのうちのいずれかにスペア記憶装置を物理的に接続することができる、請求項17に記載のストレージシステム。
- 前記ストレージシステムで使用するために、前記ストレージシステムに相互接続された中間ネットワークデバイスのうちのいずれかに更に別の記憶装置を接続することによって、更に別の記憶装置を追加することができる、請求項19に記載のストレージシステム。
- 前記ストレージオペレーティングシステムは、所定のロードバランス閾値を超えることに応じて、データコンテナの所有権を第2のストレージシステムに移転するように更に構成され、
前記データコンテナの所有権の移転は、前記中間ネットワークデバイスに相互接続されたいずれかのストレージシステムに対して行われる、請求項17に記載のストレージシステム。
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US8180855B2 (en) | 2012-05-15 |
JP5026283B2 (ja) | 2012-09-12 |
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US20060206671A1 (en) | 2006-09-14 |
EP1849055A2 (en) | 2007-10-31 |
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