JP2008308105A - Vehicle body structure of automobile - Google Patents

Vehicle body structure of automobile Download PDF

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JP2008308105A
JP2008308105A JP2007159757A JP2007159757A JP2008308105A JP 2008308105 A JP2008308105 A JP 2008308105A JP 2007159757 A JP2007159757 A JP 2007159757A JP 2007159757 A JP2007159757 A JP 2007159757A JP 2008308105 A JP2008308105 A JP 2008308105A
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cross member
joined
vehicle body
dashboard lower
floor panel
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JP2007159757A
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JP4966104B2 (en
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Shigeto Yasuhara
重人 安原
Yasuhisa Egawa
泰久 江川
Masaya Takei
真弥 武井
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vehicle body structure of automobile capable of improving the strength against front collision and side collision while achieving weight reduction. <P>SOLUTION: Right and left gussets 21, 22 are jointed to a top face of a floor panel 6 and inner walls of side sill inners 7, 8. The gussets 21, 22 are jointed to overlie on an rear edge of a dash board lower cross member 9 across the floor panel 6, and ends 21a, 22a on the side sill inner 7, 8 sides extend toward a middle cross member 10 (backward). Also, both ends 10a, 10b of the middle cross member 10 are enlarged in a forward and backward direction (i.e., front parts of both ends 10a, 10b are enlarged toward the gussets 21, 22). <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、自動車の車体構造に係り、軽量化を図りながら、正面衝突や側面衝突に対する強度の向上を実現する技術に関する。   The present invention relates to a vehicle body structure of an automobile, and relates to a technique for improving strength against a frontal collision or a side collision while reducing the weight.

モノコック構造の自動車（以下、モノコック車と記す）は、薄鋼板をプレス成型することで多数のボディパネルや骨格部材を製造した後、これらをスポット溶接等により接合することでボディが製造される（特許文献１〜３参照）。図７は、従来のボディ構造の要部を示す下面図である。同図に示すように、ボディパネルとしては、例えば、車室の前端部分を画成するダッシュボードロアパネル３や、ダッシュボードロアパネル３の下部後端に接合されて車室の床面を画成するフロアパネル６等がある。   An automobile having a monocoque structure (hereinafter referred to as a monocoque car) is manufactured by press-molding a thin steel plate to produce a large number of body panels and skeleton members, and then joining them by spot welding or the like ( Patent Literatures 1 to 3). FIG. 7 is a bottom view showing a main part of a conventional body structure. As shown in the figure, as the body panel, for example, the dashboard lower panel 3 that defines the front end portion of the passenger compartment, or the lower rear end of the dashboard lower panel 3 is joined to define the floor surface of the passenger compartment. There is a floor panel 6 and the like.

また、骨格部材としては、エンジンルームからダッシュボードロアパネル３にかけて車体前後方向に延設された左右のフロントサイドメンバ４，５、フロアパネル６の左右端に接合された左右のサイドシルインナ７，８、ダッシュボードロアパネル３の下面に接合されて車体左右方向に延設されたダッシュボードロアクロスメンバ９、フロアパネル６の前後方向略中央部の下面に接合されて両端が各々サイドシルインナ７，８に接合されたミドルクロスメンバ１０、ダッシュボードロアクロスメンバ９とミドルクロスメンバ１０とを連結する左右のフロアフレーム２５，２６等が存在する。   Further, as the skeleton members, left and right front side members 4 and 5 extending in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body from the engine room to the dashboard lower panel 3, left and right side sill inners 7 and 8 joined to the left and right ends of the floor panel 6, A dashboard lower cross member 9 joined to the lower surface of the dashboard lower panel 3 and extending in the left-right direction of the vehicle body, and joined to a lower surface of a substantially central portion in the front-rear direction of the floor panel 6 and both ends joined to the side sill inners 7 and 8, respectively. There are left and right floor frames 25, 26 that connect the middle cross member 10, the dashboard lower cross member 9, and the middle cross member 10.

このボディ構造では、自動車が他の車両や建造物等に正面衝突した場合、フロントバンパ（図示せず）から左右のフロントサイドメンバ４，５に入力した衝突荷重は、図中に矢印で示すように、ダッシュボードロアクロスメンバ９を介してサイドシルインナ７，８に伝達される他、ダッシュボードロアクロスメンバ９から左右のフロアフレーム２５，２６を介してミドルクロスメンバ１０に伝達される。図７中、符号１２で示す部材は、ボディ１の中央下部に設置されたフュエルタンクであり、ダッシュボードロアクロスメンバ９とミドルクロスメンバ１０とフロアフレーム２５，２６とによって画成された空間に収容されている。
特開２００２−３０２０７１号公報 特開２００５−５３３２３号公報 特開２００６−２３２２３７号公報 In this body structure, when a car collides with another vehicle, a building, or the like, the collision load input from the front bumper (not shown) to the left and right front side members 4 and 5 is indicated by arrows in the figure. In addition to being transmitted to the side sill inners 7 and 8 via the dashboard lower cross member 9, they are also transmitted from the dashboard lower cross member 9 to the middle cross member 10 via the left and right floor frames 25 and 26. In FIG. 7, a member denoted by reference numeral 12 is a fuel tank installed at the lower center of the body 1, and is formed in a space defined by the dashboard lower cross member 9, the middle cross member 10, and the floor frames 25 and 26. Contained.
JP 2002-302071 A JP 2005-53323 A JP 2006-232237 A

上述した図７のボディ構造では、フロアフレーム２５，２６によってダッシュボードロアクロスメンバ９とミドルクロスメンバ１０とを連結しているが、このことに起因する以下のような問題があった。すなわち、フロアフレーム２５，２６は、いわゆるハット型断面形状を呈する比較的大型かつ大重量のものであるため、その採用によって自動車の車体重量が増大することが避けられなかった。車体重量の増大は、走行燃費の悪化や運動性能の低下を招くため、できる限り抑制することが望ましい。そこで、本発明者等は、フロアフレーム２５，２６を廃止できるか否かを検討したが、正面衝突時における衝突荷重の伝達や、側面衝突時における障害物（電信柱等）の進入に対するフュエルタンク１２の保護等を考慮すると、フロアフレーム２５，２６の廃止をにわかに行うことができなかった。   In the body structure of FIG. 7 described above, the dashboard lower cross member 9 and the middle cross member 10 are connected by the floor frames 25 and 26, but there are the following problems resulting from this. That is, since the floor frames 25 and 26 are relatively large and heavy with a so-called hat-shaped cross-sectional shape, it is inevitable that the weight of the vehicle body increases due to the adoption. An increase in the weight of the vehicle body causes a deterioration in driving fuel consumption and a decrease in exercise performance, so it is desirable to suppress as much as possible. Therefore, the present inventors examined whether or not the floor frames 25 and 26 could be abolished. However, the fuel tank for the transmission of a collision load at the time of a frontal collision and the entrance of an obstacle (such as a telephone pole) at the time of a side collision. Considering the protection of 12, etc., the floor frames 25 and 26 could not be abolished.

本発明は、このような背景に鑑みなされたもので、軽量化を図りながら、正面衝突や側面衝突に対する強度の向上を実現した自動車の車体構造を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of such a background, and an object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle body structure that realizes an improvement in strength against a frontal collision and a side collision while achieving weight reduction.

請求項１の発明は、車室の前端部分を画成するダッシュボードロアパネルと、当該ダッシュボードロアパネルの下部後端に接合されたフロアパネルと、前記フロアパネルの左右端に接合されたサイドシルと、前記ダッシュボードロアパネルの下面に接合されるとともに、その左右端が前記サイドシルに接合されたダッシュボードロアクロスメンバとを有する自動車の車体構造であって、前記ダッシュボードロアクロスメンバの左右後縁と、前記サイドシルにおける当該ダッシュボードロアクロスメンバの接合部位より後方の部位とに接合された左右一対のガセットを備えたことを特徴とする。   The invention of claim 1 includes a dashboard lower panel that defines a front end portion of a passenger compartment, a floor panel joined to a lower rear end of the dashboard lower panel, a side sill joined to left and right ends of the floor panel, A vehicle body structure of an automobile having a dashboard lower cross member joined to a lower surface of the dashboard lower panel and left and right ends thereof joined to the side sill, and left and right rear edges of the dashboard lower cross member; The side sill includes a pair of left and right gussets joined to a rear part of the dashboard lower cross member.

また、請求項２の発明は、請求項１に記載された自動車の車体構造であって、前記ガセットが前記フロアパネルの上面に接合されたことを特徴とする。   According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vehicle body structure according to the first aspect, wherein the gusset is joined to an upper surface of the floor panel.

また、請求項３の発明は、請求項１または請求項２に記載された自動車の車体構造であって、その両端が、前記ガセットの接合部位より後方で前記左右のサイドシルに接合されたミドルクロスメンバを更に備え、当該ミドルクロスメンバの左右端が前記ガセットに向けて拡げられたことを特徴とする。   The invention according to claim 3 is the vehicle body structure of the vehicle according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein both ends of the middle cross are joined to the left and right side sills behind the joining portion of the gusset. A member is further provided, and left and right ends of the middle cross member are widened toward the gusset.

請求項１の発明によれば、大重量のフロアフレームを廃止しても、自動車の正面衝突時における衝突荷重は、ダッシュボードロアクロスメンバからサイドシルにガセットを介して伝達されるようになる。また、ガセットの後端がダッシュボードロアクロスメンバの後端より後方に位置するため、側面衝突時における障害物の進入が起こり難くなる。また、請求項２の発明によれば、フロアパネルの上面にガセットが接合されていることから、自動車の正面衝突時には、ガセットが衝突荷重によって圧縮応力を受けるかたちとなり、曲げモーメントが作用し難くなることで衝突荷重のサイドシルへの伝達効率が向上する。また、請求項３の発明によれば、ガセットとミドルクロスメンバとの間の間隙が小さくなり、側面衝突時における障害物の進入がより起こり難くなる。   According to the first aspect of the present invention, even when the heavy floor frame is eliminated, the collision load at the time of the frontal collision of the automobile is transmitted from the dashboard lower cross member to the side sill via the gusset. Moreover, since the rear end of the gusset is located behind the rear end of the dashboard lower cross member, it is difficult for an obstacle to enter during a side collision. According to the invention of claim 2, since the gusset is joined to the upper surface of the floor panel, the gusset is subjected to compressive stress due to the collision load at the time of frontal collision of the automobile, and the bending moment is difficult to act. This improves the transmission efficiency of the collision load to the side sill. Further, according to the invention of claim 3, the gap between the gusset and the middle cross member becomes small, and it becomes more difficult for an obstacle to enter during a side collision.

以下、図面を参照して、本発明を適用した自動車用車体構造の一実施形態を詳細に説明する。図１は実施形態に係る車体骨格構造を示す斜視図であり、図２は実施形態に係る車体骨格構造の要部を示す下面図であり、図３は図２中のIII−III断面図である。   Hereinafter, an embodiment of a vehicle body structure to which the present invention is applied will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a vehicle body skeleton structure according to the embodiment, FIG. 2 is a bottom view showing a main part of the vehicle body skeleton structure according to the embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. is there.

≪実施形態の構成≫
本実施形態は、ハッチバック乗用車用のボディに本発明を適用したものである。
図１〜図３に示すように、実施形態のボディ１は、その骨格部材として、エンジンルーム２からダッシュボードロアパネル３（図１には示さず）にかけて車体前後方向に延設された左右のフロントサイドメンバ４，５、フロアパネル６（図１には示さず）の左右端に接合された左右のサイドシルインナ（サイドシル）７，８、ダッシュボードロアパネル３およびサイドシルインナ７，８の下面に接合されたダッシュボードロアクロスメンバ９、フロアパネル６の前後方向略中央部の下面とサイドシルインナ７，８の内壁面とに接合されたミドルクロスメンバ１０等から構成されている。図１中、符号１１で示す部材はバンパビームであり、フロントサイドメンバ４，５の前端に締結されている。 << Configuration of Embodiment >>
In the present embodiment, the present invention is applied to a body for a hatchback passenger car.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the body 1 of the embodiment has left and right fronts extending from the engine room 2 to the dashboard lower panel 3 (not shown in FIG. 1) as a skeleton member. The side members 4 and 5 and the floor panel 6 (not shown in FIG. 1) are joined to the left and right side sill inners (side sills) 7 and 8, joined to the lower surfaces of the dashboard lower panel 3 and the side sill inners 7 and 8, respectively. The dashboard lower cross member 9 and the middle cross member 10 joined to the lower surface of the substantially central portion in the front-rear direction of the floor panel 6 and the inner wall surfaces of the side sill inners 7 and 8 are formed. In FIG. 1, a member denoted by reference numeral 11 is a bumper beam and is fastened to the front ends of the front side members 4 and 5.

図２，図３に示すように、フロアパネル６の上面とサイドシルインナ７，８の内壁面とには、左右のガセット２１，２２が接合されている。ガセット２１，２２は、フロアパネル６を挟んでダッシュボードロアクロスメンバ９の後縁と重なる状態で接合され、そのサイドシルインナ７，８側の後端２１ａ，２２ａがミドルクロスメンバ１０側（後方）に延設されている。また、ミドルクロスメンバ１０は、その両端１０ａ，１０ｂが前後方向（すなわち、前端１０ａがガセット２１，２２に向けて）拡げられている。   As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, left and right gussets 21 and 22 are joined to the upper surface of the floor panel 6 and the inner wall surfaces of the side sill inners 7 and 8. The gussets 21 and 22 are joined so as to overlap the rear edge of the dashboard lower cross member 9 with the floor panel 6 interposed therebetween, and the rear ends 21a and 22a of the side sill inners 7 and 8 are on the middle cross member 10 side (rear). It is extended to. Further, the middle cross member 10 has its both ends 10a, 10b expanded in the front-rear direction (that is, the front end 10a toward the gussets 21, 22).

図１に示すように、フロントサイドメンバ４，５は、エンジンルーム内でキックダウンしており、その後端がダッシュボードロアクロスメンバ９に接合されている。ボディ１の中央下部には、ダッシュボードロアクロスメンバ９とミドルクロスメンバ１０との間にフュエルタンク１２が設置されている。そのため、フロアパネル６には、フュエルタンク１２を避けるべく、ダッシュボードロアクロスメンバ９とミドルクロスメンバ１０との間で上方に突出した膨出部６ａが形成されている。また、ガセット２１，２２は、その後部がフロアパネル６の膨出部６ａの前縁に沿って上方に延設されている。また、ミドルクロスメンバ１０は、フロアパネル６の膨出部６ａの後部に沿うかたちで傾斜している。   As shown in FIG. 1, the front side members 4 and 5 are kicked down in the engine room, and the rear ends thereof are joined to the dashboard lower cross member 9. A fuel tank 12 is installed between the dashboard lower cross member 9 and the middle cross member 10 at the center lower portion of the body 1. Therefore, the floor panel 6 is formed with a bulging portion 6 a protruding upward between the dashboard lower cross member 9 and the middle cross member 10 so as to avoid the fuel tank 12. Further, the rear portions of the gussets 21 and 22 extend upward along the front edge of the bulging portion 6 a of the floor panel 6. Further, the middle cross member 10 is inclined along the rear portion of the bulging portion 6 a of the floor panel 6.

≪実施形態の作用≫
自動車の走行時あるいは停車時において、ボディ１の前面に車両や障害物が衝突する（すなわち、正面衝突が起きる）ことがある。本実施形態の場合、正面衝突によってバンパビーム１１に入力した衝突荷重は、図４，図５中に黒塗りの矢印で示すように、フロントサイドメンバ４，５からダッシュボードロアクロスメンバ９に伝達された後、ダッシュボードロアクロスメンバ９から直にサイドシルインナ７，８に伝達されるのみならず、ガセット２１，２２を介してもサイドシルインナ７，８に伝達される。この際、ガセット２１，２２は、フロアパネル６の上面に接合されているため、衝突荷重によって圧縮応力を受けるかたちとなる。したがって、図７に示したフロアパネル６の下面に接合されたフロアフレーム２５，２６に較べ、ガセット２１，２２に曲げモーメント（図５中に白抜きの矢印で示す）が作用し難くなり、サイドシルインナ７，８への衝突荷重の伝達効率が向上する。これにより、車室の変形がごく小さく抑えられる他、フュエルタンク１２の確実な保護が実現される。 << Operation of Embodiment >>
When the automobile is running or stopped, a vehicle or an obstacle may collide with the front surface of the body 1 (that is, a frontal collision occurs). In the case of the present embodiment, the collision load input to the bumper beam 11 by the frontal collision is transmitted from the front side members 4 and 5 to the dashboard lower cross member 9 as shown by the black arrows in FIGS. After that, it is transmitted not only directly from the dashboard lower cross member 9 to the side sill inners 7 and 8 but also to the side sill inners 7 and 8 via the gussets 21 and 22. At this time, since the gussets 21 and 22 are joined to the upper surface of the floor panel 6, the gussets 21 and 22 are subjected to a compressive stress due to a collision load. Therefore, compared to the floor frames 25 and 26 joined to the lower surface of the floor panel 6 shown in FIG. 7, a bending moment (indicated by a white arrow in FIG. 5) hardly acts on the gussets 21 and 22, and the side sills The transmission efficiency of the collision load to the inners 7 and 8 is improved. As a result, the deformation of the passenger compartment can be suppressed to a very small level, and the fuel tank 12 can be reliably protected.

一方、図６に示すように、自動車の左側面に車両３１等が衝突した場合（すなわち、側面衝突が起きた場合）、衝突荷重（図中に黒塗りの矢印で示す）は、サイドシルインナ７，８からガセット２１，２２を介してダッシュボードロアクロスメンバ９に伝達されるとともに、サイドシルインナ７，８からミドルクロスメンバ１０にも伝達される。これにより、正面衝突の場合と同様に、車室の変形がごく小さく抑えられる他、フュエルタンク１２の確実な保護が実現される。   On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6, when the vehicle 31 or the like collides with the left side surface of the automobile (that is, when a side collision occurs), the side load inner 7 , 8 is transmitted to the dashboard lower cross member 9 through the gussets 21 and 22, and is also transmitted from the side sill inners 7 and 8 to the middle cross member 10. As a result, as in the case of a frontal collision, the deformation of the passenger compartment is suppressed to a very small level, and reliable protection of the fuel tank 12 is realized.

また一方、走行中に自動車がスピン等を起こし、図６に示すように、路上の障害物（電信柱等）３２等がサイドシルインナ７，８に衝突することがある。この場合、本実施形態では、ガセット２１，２２のサイドシルインナ７，８側の後端２１ａ，２２ａがミドルクロスメンバ１０側に延設され、ミドルクロスメンバ１０の前端１０ａがガセット２１，２２に向けて拡げられているため、ガセット２１，２２の後端２１ａ，２２ａとミドルクロスメンバ１０の前端１０ａとによって障害物３２の車室内への進入が阻まれ、フュエルタンク１２の効果的な保護が実現される。   On the other hand, an automobile may cause a spin or the like while traveling, and an obstacle (such as a telephone pole) 32 on the road may collide with the side sill inners 7 and 8 as shown in FIG. In this case, in the present embodiment, the rear ends 21a and 22a of the side sill inners 7 and 8 of the gussets 21 and 22 are extended to the middle cross member 10 side, and the front end 10a of the middle cross member 10 faces the gussets 21 and 22. Therefore, the rear ends 21a and 22a of the gussets 21 and 22 and the front end 10a of the middle cross member 10 prevent the obstacle 32 from entering the vehicle interior, thereby realizing effective protection of the fuel tank 12. Is done.

以上で具体的実施形態の説明を終えるが、本発明は上記実施形態に限定されることなく幅広く変形実施することができる。例えば、上記実施形態は本発明をセダン型４ドア乗用車に適用したものであるが、２ドア自動車等、他の自動車に本発明を適用してもよい。また、ガセットやダッシュボードロアクロスメンバ、フロアパネル等の具体的形状や接合形態等についても、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で適宜変更可能である。   Although the description of the specific embodiment is finished as described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment and can be widely modified. For example, in the above embodiment, the present invention is applied to a sedan type four-door passenger car, but the present invention may be applied to other automobiles such as a two-door automobile. In addition, specific shapes and joining forms of the gusset, dashboard lower cross member, floor panel, and the like can be changed as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

実施形態に係る車体骨格構造を示す斜視図である。1 is a perspective view showing a vehicle body skeleton structure according to an embodiment. 実施形態に係る車体骨格構造の要部を示す下面図である。It is a bottom view which shows the principal part of the vehicle body frame structure which concerns on embodiment. 図２中のIII−III断面図である。FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 2. 実施形態の作用説明図である。It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of embodiment. 実施形態の作用説明図である。It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of embodiment. 実施形態の作用説明図である。It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of embodiment. 従来の車体骨格構造の一例を示す下面図である。It is a bottom view which shows an example of the conventional vehicle body frame structure.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ ボディ
３ ダッシュボードロアパネル
４，５ フロントサイドメンバ
６ フロアパネル
７，８ サイドシルインナ（サイドシル）
９ ダッシュボードロアクロスメンバ
１０ ミドルクロスメンバ
１２ フュエルタンク
２１、２２ ガセット 1 Body 3 Dashboard Lower Panel 4, 5 Front Side Member 6 Floor Panel 7, 8 Side Sill Inner (Side Sill)
9 Dashboard lower cross member 10 Middle cross member 12 Fuel tank 21, 22 Gusset

Claims (3)

車室の前端部分を画成するダッシュボードロアパネルと、
当該ダッシュボードロアパネルの下部後端に接合されたフロアパネルと、
前記フロアパネルの左右端に接合されたサイドシルと、
前記ダッシュボードロアパネルの下面に接合されるとともに、その左右端が前記サイドシルに接合されたダッシュボードロアクロスメンバと
を有する自動車の車体構造であって、
前記ダッシュボードロアクロスメンバの左右後縁と、前記サイドシルにおける当該ダッシュボードロアクロスメンバの接合部位より後方の部位とに接合された左右一対のガセットを備えたことを特徴とする自動車の車体構造。 A dashboard lower panel that defines the front end of the passenger compartment,
A floor panel joined to the lower rear end of the dashboard lower panel;
Side sills joined to the left and right ends of the floor panel;
A vehicle body structure of an automobile having a dashboard lower cross member joined to the lower surface of the dashboard lower panel and having left and right ends joined to the side sill,
A vehicle body structure for an automobile, comprising a pair of left and right gussets joined to the left and right rear edges of the dashboard lower cross member and a rear part of the side sill of the dashboard lower cross member. 前記ガセットが前記フロアパネルの上面に接合されたことを特徴とする、請求項１に記載された自動車の車体構造。   The vehicle body structure according to claim 1, wherein the gusset is joined to an upper surface of the floor panel. その両端が、前記ガセットの接合部位より後方で前記左右のサイドシルに接合されたミドルクロスメンバを更に備え、当該ミドルクロスメンバの左右端が前記ガセットに向けて拡げられたことを特徴とする、請求項１または請求項２に記載された自動車の車体構造。   A middle cross member having both ends further joined to the left and right side sills behind a joint portion of the gusset, and the right and left ends of the middle cross member are expanded toward the gusset. A vehicle body structure according to claim 1 or claim 2.
JP2007159757A 2007-06-18 2007-06-18 Auto body structure Active JP4966104B2 (en)

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JP2015110386A (en) * 2013-12-06 2015-06-18 本田技研工業株式会社 Vehicle body structure
JP2019182429A (en) * 2019-08-02 2019-10-24 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Vehicle skeleton structure

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JP2015110386A (en) * 2013-12-06 2015-06-18 本田技研工業株式会社 Vehicle body structure
JP2019182429A (en) * 2019-08-02 2019-10-24 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Vehicle skeleton structure

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