JP2008307507A - Separation-sorting method and apparatus for slag and metal - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a separation-sorting method and apparatus, which enable an easy separation-sorting of slag grains and metal grains with a high separation efficiency by using a specific gravity difference of slag and a metal. <P>SOLUTION: The separation sorting method and apparatus for the slag grains and the metal grains are characterized in that a dispersion liquid and a mixture of the slag grains and the metal grains which are different in the specific gravity are charged into a cylindrical vessel with an approximately vertical central axis, by swirling the dispersion liquid around the approximately vertical axis and refreshing the dispersion liquid in the cylindrical vessel the slag grains overflow the upper part of the cylindrical vessel together with the dispersion liquid. In the method and apparatus, the dispersion liquid refreshed in the cylindrical vessel is swirled preferably to discharge the metal grains through a metal grain recovery pipe provided on a central part of the vessel bottom. Further, it is further preferable to cyclicly refresh inside the cylindrical vessel again after the dispersion liquid is separated to the slag grains and/or the metal grains. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a slag recovered by a waste gasification melting furnace method that burns organic matter contained in waste and recovers ash and valuable metals contained in the waste as molten slag and molten metal, respectively. The present invention relates to a metal separation / separation method and a separation / separation apparatus. In more detail, for example, a granulated solidified product obtained by being discharged out of the gasification melting furnace and introduced into a granulated water tank, that is, a mixture of granulated slag and granulated metal can be effectively used as a resource. The present invention relates to a method capable of reliably separating and sorting slag and metal, and a separation and sorting apparatus.

  Conventionally, almost all of the general waste such as household waste and industrial waste has been incinerated. However, when these wastes are incinerated, dioxins are generated in a temperature range of 200 to 600 ° C., particularly about 300 ° C. In addition, it is difficult to secure a final disposal site for incinerated ash, and there is a strong demand for effective recycling of waste from the viewpoint of effective use of resources. For this reason, it is not possible to sufficiently deal with these problems only by conventional waste disposal by incineration.

  Therefore, the inventors previously described in Patent Document 1 a furnace center lance capable of ascending and descending the combustion-supporting gas into the furnace downward along the furnace axis, and the angle at which the combustion-supporting gas is injected. One or more upper tuyere arranged offset from the axial direction, one or more lower wings arranged in a direction to blow the combustion-supporting gas or combustion-supporting gas and fuel toward the furnace axis and projecting into the furnace By using a gasification melting furnace having a mouth, the organic matter contained in the waste is burned, and the ash and valuable metals (hereinafter also simply referred to as “metal”) contained in the waste are melted into slag and molten metal. The invention relating to the gasification and melting furnace and the gasification and melting method of waste to be recovered respectively has been proposed. According to the present invention, high-value-added slag and metals and energy gas can be stably recovered and effectively used.

  In actual operation, a mixture of molten slag and molten metal generated in the gasification melting furnace is introduced into a granulated water tank and granulated slag (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as “slag”) and granulated metal ( Hereinafter, it may be simply referred to as “metal”), and is collected after separation and separation by magnetic separation. Conventionally, granulated slag can be used as a roadbed material or the like, but in that case, it is necessary to reliably separate and remove the metal that causes rust. On the other hand, granulated metal can also be recycled as a valuable metal resource. When separation of slag grains and metal grains is insufficient, their effective use is significantly restricted. Therefore, it is important to reliably separate slag grains and metal grains.

  As a main method for separating the slag grains and the metal grains, there is a magnetic sorting. Magnetic sorting is a method in which a mixture of slag particles and metal particles is dropped on a rotating magnetic drum, the metal particles are magnetized, and the slag particles are separated by centrifugal force accompanying the rotation of the drum. However, since the slag particles and metal particles collected from the granulated water tank are in a wet state, a water film is formed on the drum surface of the magnetic separator. Due to the surface tension of water, slag particles adhere to the drum surface, which causes a problem that the magnetic flux density on the drum surface decreases. For this reason, the metal particles are mixed in the slag particles without adhering to the magnetic separator, and are conveyed along with the slag collection yard. Conversely, the slag particles adhering to the drum surface are mixed and conveyed to the metal recovery yard. That is, the current magnetic separation method does not sufficiently separate slag and metal.

  Moreover, expensive non-ferrous metals such as gold, silver and copper are included in the metal discharged from the gasification melting furnace. These metals can be recovered and sold as valuable resources. However, when a lot of slag is mixed, its utility value decreases. Such non-ferrous metals are difficult to be magnetically sorted.

  Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3 disclose an invention relating to an apparatus that separates a separation object, which is a mixture of slag and metal, using a specific gravity difference. Waste molten slag contains things that are difficult to sort magnetically, such as copper and stainless steel, and these components are used as resources for civil engineering construction aggregates and ceramics as crushed waste molten slag. This is a cause of quality degradation. In order to solve such a problem, in Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3, specific gravity separation of slag and metal is performed in a rotating drum that is inclined by a predetermined angle with respect to the horizontal and rotates around a rotation axis. Is disclosed.

  The rotating drum is formed at the top of the conical portion located on the lower end side, and has a large specific gravity, that is, a discharge portion for discharging metal, and a large diameter installed at the upper end portion for discharging slag having a low specific gravity. It consists of an opening. A water-permeable casing is disposed between the front end opening of the separation target input part and the small diameter opening of the conical part at the lower part of the rotating drum as a water flow adjusting means toward the front end opening of the separation target input part. A resistor having a plurality of fluidities having a predetermined specific gravity and a predetermined shape is held inside the casing. The rotating drum has a disk shape, and a plurality of weir plates arranged at predetermined intervals between the outer peripheral edge and the inner surface of the rotating drum are arranged at appropriate intervals along the axial direction.

  The separation object is charged from a separation object charging pipe installed downward from the large-diameter opening of the rotary drum, and separated into slag and metal at the chute portion of the separation target charging pipe. That is, the flow rate of the water transported in the chute has a velocity gradient such that the closer to the inner surface of the chute, the lower the frictional resistance, and the faster the center and the upper side of the channel cross-sectional area, the faster the material. It flows upward in response to the urging force of the water flow, and a substance with a higher specific gravity flows in a state of sinking downward.

  The separation object that has flowed into the casing of the lower cone part is received by the resistor and the casing, the speed of the chute part in the axial direction disappears, and the separation flows from the small diameter opening of the lower cone part toward the large diameter opening of the upper cone part. The whole is lifted upward under the urging force of the working water. At this time, the separation water is adjusted to a predetermined flow rate by the control of the valve and the presence of the resistor. Due to the adjusted water flow of the separation water, substances having a low specific gravity are lifted upward, and substances having a high specific gravity are settled and separated. The separated material having a large specific gravity passes through the net-like casing and settles on the inner peripheral surface of the rotating drum, and the spiral groove rotates around the rotation axis along with the rotation of the rotating drum to convey it toward the small-diameter opening. And discharged.

  Separation action water flows from the small diameter opening to the large diameter opening of the lower cone part, the lower specific gravity material flows upward, the higher the specific gravity material sinks earlier and is blocked by the weir plate of a predetermined height. Settling. The settled metal with a large specific gravity settles on the inner peripheral surface of the rotary drum through the mesh of the casing, and is discharged toward the small-diameter opening by the spiral groove turning around the rotation axis as the rotary drum rotates. The The metal that has passed through the small-diameter opening flows into the metal discharge part and is recovered by opening and closing the installed valve. The slag having a small specific gravity that has settled before reaching the large-diameter opening is lifted upward along with the rotation of the rotary drum, and again moves toward the large-diameter opening along the flow of the separation action water. Since the metal component having a large specific gravity settles early even if it is lifted upward with rotation, it does not exceed the weir installed in the middle of the separation action water moving to the large-diameter opening.

  However, the techniques disclosed in Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3 have the following problems.

  The first problem is that the equipment cost, operation cost, and maintenance cost are large. Although there is no particular description about the rotation speed of the rotating drum, it is considered that the rotating speed of the rotating drum needs to be increased to some extent in order to improve the separation efficiency between the slag and the metal. A drive device for that purpose is necessary, and the equipment cost, operation cost, and maintenance cost are high.

  The second problem is that the driving operation requires advanced control such as control based on experience and computer control. In other words, the separation object that has flowed into the casing of the lower cone portion is once received by the resistor and the casing. The separation action water is adjusted in water flow by a resistor placed in the lower cone, but when the separation object is received, the treatment object is mixed into the resistance body, affecting the adjustment of the separation action water flow. There is a risk. In that case, it is necessary to adjust the water flow according to the situation, and the operation operation also requires control based on experience. Moreover, there exists a possibility that a separation target may be clogged in a mesh-like casing.

  Furthermore, the separation / discharge means connected to the discharge portion of the lower cone portion in the specific gravity separation device according to these inventions has the first valve on the inlet side of the storage portion for storing the separation and the second on the discharge port side. It has a valve and a third valve in the reservoir, through which water supply means is connected. Normally, in a state where the first valve is opened and the second valve and the third valve are closed, the separated material flowing down from the rotary drum to the discharge portion stays in the storage portion of the separate discharge means. When discharging the separated matter, the flow rate of the separation working water supplied from the water supply means to the discharge portion is increased, and the first valve is closed and the second valve is opened while the separated matter flows from the rotary drum to the discharge portion. The separated matter staying in the reservoir is discharged. Thereafter, the second valve is closed, and the third valve is opened to fill the reservoir with water from the water supply means. Then, the third valve is closed, the first valve is opened, and the flow rate of the separation working water supplied from the water supply means to the discharge portion is returned to the normal state. Thus, depending on the situation, different valve operations and adjustment of the flow rate of the separation working water are necessary, and therefore, computer control or a dedicated operator for operating it is necessary. For this reason as well, the apparatus separation and separation methods disclosed in Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3 are likely to be complicated in apparatus structure and operation and costly.

  The third problem is the complexity of equipment adjustment. The techniques described in Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3 are characterized in that the rotating drum is installed obliquely, but the installation angle is considered to have different appropriate values depending on properties such as the specific gravity and particle size of the processing object. It is done. Therefore, it is also necessary to adjust the installation angle of the equipment. In addition, as the installation angle changes, it is necessary to adjust the position of peripheral equipment such as a drive device.

  The fourth problem is that the separation performance of slag and metal may be reduced. According to both documents, “the slag with a small specific gravity that settled before reaching the large-diameter opening is lifted upward, and again moves toward the large-diameter opening along the flow of separation action water. In addition, since it settles early even if it is lifted upward, the separation action water does not cross the weir installed on the way to the large-diameter opening. ” However, the metal with high specific gravity lifted upward during rotation falls onto the slag with low specific gravity when descending, and the slag with low specific gravity passes along with the metal while passing through the mesh of the casing. There is also a risk of discharge from the lower discharge port. That is, the separation performance between the slag and the metal may be reduced. Similarly, the slag to be separated in the chute part of the separation target input pipe is also pressed by the metal accumulated above it and may be discharged from the lower discharge port through the mesh of the casing together with the metal. There is.

Japanese Patent No. 3558039 (Claims and page 6, line 24 to page 7, line 14) JP 2003-211019 A (Claims and paragraphs [0006] to [0014]) JP 2003-211141 A (Claims and paragraphs [0007] to [0010])

  As described above, the conventional technique for separating and selecting slag particles and metal particles from a mixture of slag particles and metal particles has the following problems. That is, (1) equipment cost, operation cost and equipment maintenance cost are large, (2) operation experience of the equipment requires advanced experience and computer control, etc. (3) Separation of slag grains and metal grains In order to ensure the performance, complicated equipment adjustment is required. The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and the first of the problems is to make use of the difference in specific gravity between the slag and the metal to easily separate the slag particles from the metal particles with high separation performance. It is another object of the present invention to provide a separation and sorting method capable of separating and sorting. A second problem is to provide an optimum separation / separation apparatus with low equipment cost and easy maintenance for carrying out the separation / separation method described above.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the inventors of the present invention can separate and select slag particles and metal particles, and can separate and select slag particles and metal particles. As a result of research and development, the following findings (a) to (e) were obtained and the present invention was completed.

  (A) A mixture of slag particles and metal particles, and a dispersion liquid in which at least all of the mixture is immersed are charged into a cylindrical container, and the specific gravity is adjusted by swirling the dispersion liquid around a substantially vertical axis. Only small slag grains can be floated and sorted. Furthermore, a dispersion liquid is replenished in a container and a slag particle | grain and a metal particle can be isolate | separated and sorted by making a slag particle | grain overflow from the upper part of a cylindrical container with a dispersion liquid.

  (B) In order to generate the swirl flow of (a), it is effective to have a liquid ejection nozzle that ejects the dispersion liquid, and the metal particles that have settled at the bottom of the cylindrical container are placed at the bottom of the container. It is effective to discharge through a metal particle recovery pipe installed along the central axis.

  (C) In (b), the metal particle recovery auxiliary pipe is installed above the metal particle recovery pipe so that its lower end is positioned higher than the bottom of the cylindrical container along the central axis of the cylindrical container. Thus, the metal particles can be easily introduced into the metal particle recovery pipe through the gap between the bottom surface of the cylindrical container and the lower end of the metal particle recovery auxiliary pipe.

  (D) It is economical to circulate and supply the dispersion liquid overflowing from the upper part of the cylindrical container together with the slag grains into the cylindrical container after separating from the slag grains. Moreover, the separation and sorting performance can be further improved by separating and sorting iron and metals other than iron contained in the metal particles after separation and sorting by magnetic sorting.

  (E) The separation and selection methods (a) to (d) above are suitable for separation and selection of granulated slag and granulated metal.

  The present invention has been completed based on the above findings, and the gist thereof is the method for separating and selecting slag grains and metal grains shown in the following (1) to (7) and (8) to (14). ) In the separation / separation apparatus shown in FIG.

  (1) A mixture of slag particles and metal particles having different specific gravities and a dispersion liquid are charged into a cylindrical container having a substantially vertical central axis, and the dispersion liquid is swung around a substantially vertical axis. A method for separating and selecting slag particles and metal particles (hereinafter referred to as "first invention"), wherein the slag particles are overflowed from the upper part of the cylindrical container together with the dispersion by replenishing the dispersion in the container. ").

  (2) The separation / selection method according to (1), wherein the dispersion liquid is swirled by the dispersion liquid supplied to the cylindrical container (hereinafter referred to as “separation / separation method”). Also referred to as “second invention”).

  (3) In the separation / selection method according to (1) or (2), the metal particles settled on the bottom of the cylindrical container are placed on the bottom of the cylindrical container along the central axis of the container. A method for separating and sorting slag particles and metal particles while discharging through the metal particle recovery pipe (hereinafter also referred to as “third invention”).

  (4) In the separation / selection method according to (3), the lower end of the separation container is positioned higher than the bottom of the cylindrical container above the metal particle recovery pipe along the central axis of the cylindrical container. A metal particle recovery auxiliary pipe is installed in the metal particle recovery pipe through the gap between the metal particle recovery pipe and the metal particle recovery auxiliary pipe, and the slag particles and the metal particles are discharged. Separation and selection method (hereinafter also referred to as "fourth invention").

  (5) In the separation and sorting method according to any one of (1) to (4), the slag particles and the dispersion liquid overflowing from the upper part of the cylindrical container and / or the metal recovery pipes are discharged together with the metal particles. After separating the dispersion from the slag particles and / or metal particles, the slag particles and metal particles are separated and selected (hereinafter referred to as “fifth invention”). ").

  (6) The iron contained in the metal particles separated and recovered by the separation and sorting method according to any one of (1) to (5) is separated and sorted by magnetic sorting. A method for separating and selecting slag grains and metal grains (hereinafter also referred to as “sixth invention”).

  (7) The separation / selection method according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein the slag particles are granulated slag particles, and the metal particles are granulated metal particles. And separation method of metal particles (hereinafter also referred to as “seventh invention”).

  (8) An apparatus for separating and sorting slag particles and metal particles having different specific gravities, wherein the central axis for containing a mixture of slag particles and metal particles and a dispersion is substantially vertical, and the dispersion substantially Dispersion swirling means for swirling around a vertical axis, and an amount of dispersion liquid equivalent to the amount of overflowing the slag particles together with the dispersion liquid from the upper part of the cylindrical container is replenished into the cylindrical container. An apparatus for separating and separating slag particles and metal particles (hereinafter also referred to as “eighth invention”).

  (9) In the separation / separation device according to (8), the dispersion liquid swirling means includes a liquid ejection nozzle for swirling the dispersion liquid with the dispersion liquid. Separation and sorting device (hereinafter also referred to as “ninth invention”).

  (10) In the separation / separation apparatus according to (8) or (9), further, metal particles settled at the bottom of the cylindrical container along the central axis of the cylindrical container at the bottom of the cylindrical container A separation / separation device for slag particles and metal particles (hereinafter also referred to as “tenth invention”), characterized by having a metal particle recovery pipe for discharging the gas from the cylindrical container.

  (11) In the separation / separation apparatus according to (10), the lower end of the separation / selection device is higher than the bottom of the cylindrical container above the metal particle recovery pipe and along the central axis of the cylindrical container. Separating and separating slag particles and metal particles, characterized by having a metal particle recovery auxiliary pipe for introducing and discharging metal particles into the metal particle recovery pipe through a gap with the metal particle recovery pipe Apparatus (hereinafter also referred to as “11th invention”).

  (12) In the separation / separation apparatus according to any one of (8) to (11), further, dispersion liquid separation that separates the dispersion liquid overflowing from the upper part of the cylindrical container together with the slag grains from the slag grains. A dispersion separator for separating the dispersion discharged together with the metal particles through the apparatus and / or the metal recovery pipe from the metal particles, and the dispersion again after being separated from the slag particles and / or the metal particles A separation / separation device for slag particles and metal particles (hereinafter also referred to as “the twelfth invention”) characterized by having a circulation replenishing device for recirculating replenishment in the mold container.

  (13) In the separation / separation apparatus according to any one of (8) to (12), iron and metals other than iron contained in the metal particles separated and recovered by the separation / separation apparatus are further separated by magnetic separation. A separation / separation device for slag particles and metal particles (hereinafter also referred to as “13th invention”), characterized by comprising a magnetic separation device for separation / separation.

  (14) The separation / separation apparatus according to any one of (8) to (13), wherein the slag particles are granulated slag particles, and the metal particles are granulated metal particles. And metal particle separation / separation device (hereinafter also referred to as "14th invention").

  In the present invention, “slag particles” means slag particles, and “metal particles” mean metal particles. Examples of slag particles include particles of granulated slag that has been collected as a molten slag by a gasification melting furnace and then treated by a water granulation method. This corresponds to particles of granulated metal treated by the granulation method after being recovered as molten metal by a furnace.

  “The central axis is substantially vertical” means that the central axis is vertical or has an inclination of 45 ° or less with respect to the vertical line.

  "Dispersion" refers to a liquid that has the effect of separating slag particles and metal particles by immersing a mixture of slag particles and metal particles and causing the liquid to swirl to produce levitation force on the slag particles. means. For example, water is applicable.

  The “cylindrical container” means a cylindrical container for separation and selection whose cross section has a shape such as a circle, an ellipse, or a regular polygon.

  According to the method for separating and selecting slag particles and metal particles of the present invention, the slag particles and metal particles can be easily and highly separated by a simple method using the difference in specific gravity between the slag particles and metal particles. Separation and sorting can be performed based on performance. Moreover, the separation / separation apparatus of the present invention is an optimum separation / separation apparatus for carrying out the above-described separation / separation method, which is easy in equipment operation and maintenance, and inexpensive in equipment cost.

1. Basic Configuration of the Invention FIG. 1 shows the principle and basic configuration of the method for separating and sorting slag grains and metal grains of the present invention. A mixture of slag particles and metal particles collected from a granulated water tank is charged into a separation container 1 composed of a cylindrical tube container containing a dispersion liquid 21 such as water. By stirring the dispersion liquid 21 and swirling it around the central axis of the cylindrical container in the direction indicated by the arrow X, only the slag particles 31 are levitated and swirl together with the dispersion liquid 21 in the cylindrical container. In contrast, the metal particles 41 having a large specific gravity settle on the bottom of the container.

  Furthermore, by continuously supplying the dispersion liquid 21 to the cylindrical container 1, some of the slag particles 31 that have floated overflow with the dispersion liquid 21 and are discharged out of the container. On the other hand, the metal particles 41 that have settled to the bottom of the container remain on the bottom of the container (first and eighth inventions).

  As a method of swirling the dispersion liquid 21 in the cylindrical container 1, there is a method using a mechanical stirring device such as an impeller, but it is also possible to swirl the dispersion liquid in the container without using a stirring device. For example, by installing a plurality of liquid ejection nozzles at the bottom of the container and continuously ejecting the replenishment dispersion liquid 21 in the circumferential direction and obliquely upward of the cylindrical container, The dispersion 21 can be stirred and swirled. As a result, the slag particles 31 can be swirled and floated together with the dispersion 21 (second invention and ninth invention).

  Furthermore, by continuously replenishing the dispersion liquid 21 from the bottom of the container, the liquid level of the dispersion liquid rises, and the slag particles 31 overflow with the dispersion liquid 21 and are discharged out of the container. The overflowed slag particles 31 and the dispersion liquid 21 can be separated by passing through a filtration device. Thus, since the dispersion 21 in the container is stirred and swirled by the replenishing dispersion 21 itself without using a mechanical stirring device, the use of this method greatly increases the manufacturing cost of the equipment. And the maintenance of the facility is facilitated.

2. Embodiment of the Invention Targeting a Practical Machine An example of an embodiment targeting a practical machine of the present invention is shown in FIG. FIG. 4A is a front view of the separation / selection device, and FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.

  Through the raw material supply device, the mixture of the slag particles 31 and the metal particles 41 is charged into the separation container 1 and a dispersion liquid 21 such as water is supplied. Then, the dispersion liquid 21 such as water is supplied into the separation container 1 through the liquid jet nozzle 13 provided at the bottom of the separation container 1, thereby stirring the dispersion liquid 21 in the separation container 1 and at the arrow X. Turn in the direction shown. Of course, as a method of swirling the dispersion liquid 21 in the separation container 1, a method using a mechanical stirring device such as an impeller is also possible, but as described above, the dispersion liquid 21 in the separation container 1 is used without using a stirring device. It is economical to turn the wheel.

  That is, the replenishment dispersion liquid 21 is continuously ejected from a plurality of liquid jet nozzles 13 installed at the bottom of the separation container 1 in a circumferential direction around the central axis of the separation container 1 and in an obliquely upward direction. By doing so, the dispersion 21 in the separation container 1 is stirred and swirled. By this operation, the slag particles 31 are also swirled and floated together with the dispersion liquid 21. Furthermore, by continuously replenishing the dispersion liquid 21 from the bottom of the separation container 1, the liquid level of the dispersion liquid 21 rises, and the slag particles 31 overflow from the top of the separation container 1 together with the dispersion liquid 21. Is discharged outside.

  The overflowed slag particles 31 and the dispersion liquid 21 can be separated by passing through the filtration device 17. The dispersion 21 that has passed through the filtration device 17 can be supplied again into the separation container 1 as a replenishment dispersion 21 for the separation container 1 (the fifth and twelfth inventions). Of course, as a method of swirling the dispersion liquid 21 in the separation container 1, a mechanical stirring device such as an impeller can also be used. Furthermore, mechanical stirring and ejection of the dispersion liquid 21 from the liquid ejection nozzle 13 at the bottom of the separation container can be used in combination.

  On the other hand, the metal particles 41 settle to the bottom of the separation container 1, but if the metal particles 41 remain and accumulate at the bottom, the stirring and swirling strength of the dispersion 21 in the separation container 1 decreases, and the slag particles 31 and the metal particles The separation accuracy from 41 deteriorates. Therefore, it is necessary to appropriately extract and collect the metal particles 41 from the separation container 1 while performing the separation operation. Therefore, the metal particle recovery pipe 11 for continuously extracting the metal particles 41 from the center of the bottom of the separation container 1 is installed (third invention and tenth invention). Thus, the reason for installing the metal recovery pipe 11 at the center of the bottom of the separation container 1 is that when the dispersion liquid 21 is swung, the metal particles 41 accumulate at the center of the bottom of the separation container 1 and form a mountain shape. This is because it has been confirmed that it is deposited on the surface.

  Furthermore, it is effective to install the metal recovery auxiliary pipe 12 so that the metal particles 41 are easily introduced into the metal recovery pipe 11 (fourth and eleventh inventions). The inner diameters of the metal recovery pipe 11 and the metal recovery auxiliary pipe 12 are appropriately adjusted according to the charging speed of the mixture of the slag particles 31 and the metal particles 41 to be separated and their particle sizes. Further, the protruding length of the metal recovery pipe 11 from the bottom surface of the separation container 1 and the distance between the lower end of the metal recovery auxiliary pipe 12 and the bottom surface of the separation container 1 are also appropriately determined according to the processing speed and the particle size of the processed material. Adjust. The reason why the upper end position of the metal recovery pipe 11 is set higher than the bottom surface of the separation container 1 is to prevent part of the slag particles 31 from being discharged from the metal recovery pipe 11 together with the metal particles 41. However, in the case where the slag particle size is small, the slag particle easily floats in the dispersion 21 and is easily separated from the metal particle, the protruding length can be zero (0).

  The metal particles 41 recovered through the metal recovery pipe 11 are mainly composed of iron. However, depending on the type of waste to be treated, non-ferrous metals such as copper and noble metals are included in addition to iron. Sometimes. Therefore, iron and other metals can be roughly separated by passing the metal particles 41 separated from the slag particles 31 by the above method through a magnetic separator (the sixth and thirteenth inventions).

3. Preferred Embodiments Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below. Although the size and operating conditions of the separation container vary depending on the supply speed of the object to be processed, the following description will be given for the case where the supply speed of the mixture of slag particles and metal particles is 1 ton (t) / h or less. To do.

3-1. Size of Separation Container The inner diameter (diameter) of the separation container 1 is preferably 50 mmφ to 1000 mmφ. When the separation container is too small with respect to the supply speed of the processed material and less than 50 mmφ, a sufficient space for separation cannot be secured. Therefore, the processing object is accumulated at the bottom of the separation container 1 while the slag particles 31 and the metal particles 41 are mixed. The accumulated matter hinders the swirling of the dispersion liquid 21 in the separation container and causes a reduction in separation efficiency.

  Conversely, if the inner diameter of the separation container 1 exceeds 1000 mmφ, it is necessary to form a swirling flow of the dispersion liquid 21 in a wide range in the separation container. If the inner diameter of the container is too large and a region where the swirl by the dispersion liquid 21 is weak is formed, the object to be treated stays in that region to form a dead zone, which may deteriorate the separation efficiency. In order to avoid this, it is necessary to increase the supply amount of the dispersion to be replenished, and the processing efficiency is lowered.

  Furthermore, the height of the separation container 1 is preferably 50 mm or more and 1000 mm or less. When the height of the separation container 1 is less than 50 mm, the metal particles 41 are likely to overflow together with the slag particles 31, so that the mixing rate of the metal particles 41 into the recovered slag is increased and the separation efficiency is lowered. On the other hand, when the height of the separation container 1 exceeds 1000 mm, it is difficult for the slag particles 31 to overflow to the outside of the container, and the slag particles 31 are likely to be mixed into the recovered metal, resulting in a decrease in separation efficiency. By increasing the replenishment amount of the dispersion to be swirled, it is possible to promote the overflow of the slag particles, but the processing efficiency decreases.

3-2. Replenishment of Dispersion It is preferable that the amount of the dispersion 21 supplied from the bottom of the separation container 1 is appropriately changed according to the processing speed and the properties such as the specific gravity and particle size of the object to be processed. If the replenishment amount of the dispersion liquid 21 is too large with respect to the supply speed of the object to be processed, the swirling of the dispersion liquid 21 becomes too strong, and the metal particles 41 overflow from the upper part of the container together with the slag particles 31.

  On the other hand, when the replenishment amount of the dispersion liquid 21 is insufficient, the rotation of the dispersion liquid 21 becomes weak, and the amount of slag remaining in the separation container 1 without overflowing increases. This residual slag is accumulated at the bottom of the separation container 1 and inhibits the swirling of the dispersion liquid 21. Furthermore, the mixing rate of slag into the metal recovered from the metal recovery hole (metal recovery pipe) 11 increases. As the type of the dispersion 21 to be supplied, water is mainly used, but liquids other than water can be used depending on the size and properties of the separation object. In that case, a liquid having low reactivity with slag particles and metal particles and being inexpensive is preferable. From such a viewpoint, it is preferable to use water unless there is a particular problem.

  Further, as described above, the ejection direction of the dispersion liquid 21 ejected from the liquid ejection nozzle 13 is the tangential direction of the swirling flow of the dispersion liquid 21 (that is, the circumferential direction of the separation container 1) and the obliquely upward direction. Is preferred. Therefore, as in the example of FIG. 2B, when the longitudinal axis of the liquid ejection nozzle 13 is arranged so as to coincide with the radial direction of the separation container 1 and liquid is ejected from the hole provided on the side surface of the nozzle. The angle α formed between the longitudinal axis of the liquid ejection nozzle and the liquid ejection direction is preferably 90 °.

3-3. Installation of the metal recovery pipe In the present invention, it is preferable to install the metal recovery pipe 11 for continuously extracting the metal particles 41 from the central part of the bottom of the separation container 1, but the height position of the upper end of the metal recovery pipe 11 Is more preferably 200 mm or less from the bottom surface of the separation container 1. The reason why the upper end position of the metal recovery pipe 11 is made higher than the bottom surface of the separation container 1 is to prevent part of the slag particles 31 from being discharged from the metal recovery pipe 11 together with the metal particles 41. However, when the particle size of the slag particles 31 is small and the slag particles 31 are likely to float in the dispersion 21 and are easily separated from the metal particles 41, the metal recovery pipe 11 protrudes from the bottom surface of the separation container 1. There is no problem even if the length is zero (0).

  On the contrary, when the upper end height position of the metal recovery pipe 11 exceeds 200 mm and is too high, the metal particles 41 deposited in a mountain shape at the center of the bottom of the separation container pass through the metal recovery pipe 11 and are discharged. Before this, the deposition slope of the metal particles deposited in the mountain shape rolls down toward the periphery of the separation container 1. As a result, the recovery efficiency of the metal particles 41 is lowered, and the swirling of the dispersion liquid 21 may be hindered by the metal particles 41 rolling down and accumulated.

3-4. Metal recovery auxiliary pipe It is effective to install the metal recovery auxiliary pipe 12 so that the metal particles 41 easily enter the metal recovery pipe 11. The lower end height position of the metal recovery auxiliary pipe 12 is preferably set to a height of 300 mm or less from the bottom surface of the separation container 1. The metal particles 41 settled on the bottom of the separation container 1 reach the metal recovery pipe 11 through the lower end of the metal recovery auxiliary pipe 12 and are removed from the separation container. If the clearance between the bottom surface of the separation container 1 and the lower end of the metal recovery auxiliary pipe 12 is too small, less than 3 mm, the passage of the metal particles 41 is hindered and the metal particles 41 are difficult to reach the metal recovery pipe 11.

  Conversely, when the lower end position of the metal recovery auxiliary pipe 12 exceeds 300 mm and is too high, the metal particles 41 deposited in a mountain shape at the center of the bottom of the separation container 1 are discharged through the metal recovery pipe 11. Before, the deposition slope is rolled down toward the periphery of the separation container 1. As a result, the recovery efficiency of the metal particles 41 is lowered, and the swirling of the dispersion liquid 21 may be hindered by the metal particles 41 rolling down and accumulated.

3-5. Installation of baffle plate It is preferable to reduce the supply amount of the liquid replenished from the bottom of the separation container 1 as much as possible from the viewpoint of economy. As a means for that, it is preferable to install baffle plates on the side wall of the separation container 1 and the bottom of the separation container 1.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an example in which a baffle plate is installed on the side wall of the separation container in order to improve the separation performance in the present invention. FIG. 3 (a) is a side view thereof, and FIG. 3 (b) is a plan view. Respectively. By installing the baffle plate 15 on the side wall 14 of the separation container 1, the overflow of the slag particles 31 is promoted without increasing the supply amount of the replenishment dispersion liquid 21. That is, even when the swirl of the dispersion liquid 21 is weak, the separation of the slag particles and the metal particles easily proceeds. What is necessary is just to adjust the length of the baffle plate 15, the number of installation, an installation angle, an installation position, etc. suitably.

  Further, FIG. 4 shows an outline of an example of installing a baffle plate on the bottom of the separation container. The figure (a) represents the side view, and the figure (b) represents the top view, respectively. By collecting the baffle plate 16 so that the metal particles 41 settled on the bottom of the separation container 1 can easily move to the center of the bottom of the separation container 1, recovery of the metal particles is promoted. What is necessary is just to adjust the length of baffle plate 16, the number of installation, an installation angle, an installation position, etc. suitably.

3-6. Charge height The charge height position of the mixture of slag particles and metal particles to be treated is also an important factor for improving the separation efficiency. It is preferable to charge from the height position between the bottom and upper end of the separation container 1. When the height position to be charged is high, overflow of the charged slag particles is promoted. However, metal particles having a small specific gravity or metal particles having a small particle size may overflow and be mixed into the recovered slag. Moreover, when the height position to be charged is low, slag grains having a large specific gravity are less likely to overflow and may be mixed into the recovered metal grains. Therefore, it is desirable to adjust the charging height position to a more preferable height position between the bottom portion and the upper end portion of the separation container 1 in consideration of the above situation.

  In order to confirm the effects of the method for separating and sorting slag and metal and the separation and sorting apparatus of the present invention, the tests of Example 1 and Example 2 shown below were conducted and the results were evaluated.

Example 1
In order to confirm the possibility of separation of slag particles and metal particles by specific gravity separation, a test was performed using the apparatus shown in FIG. The separation container having an inner diameter of 110 mm and a height of 120 mm was used.

  Water is used as the dispersion liquid 21 that is stirred and swirled in the separation container 1, and the raw material sample is a granulated slag particle or a granulated metal particle having a particle diameter of 7 mm or less discharged in a gasification melting furnace operation by an actual machine. A mixture was used. Moreover, the water of the dispersion liquid 21 was stirred and swirled using the impeller 5. By turning the water in the separation container while supplying make-up water, the slag particles 31 floated, overflowed with the water, and discharged out of the separation container. On the other hand, the metal particles 41 remained at the bottom of the separation container. At this time, the rotation speed of the impeller was 1000 rpm, and the supply speed of the makeup water was 0.5 liter / min. The operation time for separation and selection is 5 minutes.

  FIG. 5 shows the substance balance before and after the separation and selection test. About 98% of the slag grains contained in the raw material sample were recovered as an overflow. On the other hand, about 98% of the supply amount of metal particles was recovered as sediment at the bottom of the separation vessel. It was visually observed that the metal particles remaining on the bottom of the container settled in the center of the bottom of the container and accumulated in a mountain shape.

(Example 2)
Next, a separation and selection test was performed in the embodiment targeted for the practical machine of the present invention shown in FIG. FIG. 4A is a front view of the separation / selection device, and FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.

  Water was used as the dispersion 21 stirred and swirled in the separation container 1. In this test, without using a mechanical stirrer, water is supplied from the liquid ejection nozzle 13 installed at the bottom of the separation container 1 as a replenishment dispersion 21 in the circumferential direction of the separation container 1 and obliquely upward. By spraying, the water in the separation container 1 was swirled.

  As the separation container 1, a cylindrical container having an inner diameter of 200 mm and a height of 380 mm was used. The liquid ejection nozzles 13 were installed in the four directions at the bottom of the separation container 1, and the makeup water 21 was ejected in the circumferential direction and obliquely upward. The upper end position of the metal recovery pipe 11 was a height protruding 20 mm upward from the bottom surface of the separation container 1. Further, the lower end of the metal recovery auxiliary pipe 12 was adjusted to a height 15 mm above the bottom surface of the separation container 1. Here, the outer diameter of the metal recovery pipe 11 was 21 mmφ, and the inner diameter was 15 mmφ. The outer diameter of the metal recovery auxiliary pipe 12 was 41 mmφ, and the inner diameter was 37 mmφ. As a raw material sample, a mixture of slag particles having a particle size of 7 mm or less and metal particles was used.

  FIG. 6 shows the substance balance before and after the separation and selection test. As a raw material sample, a mixture of granulated slag particles and granulated metal particles having a particle size of 7 mm or less discharged by gasification melting furnace operation with an actual machine was used. The supply rate of the mixture of slag particles and metal particles into the separation container 1 was 16 kg / h. The supply rate of makeup water was 83 liters / minute.

  From the results shown in the figure, it was confirmed that about 98% of the slag grains contained in the raw material sample were recovered as an overflow. In addition, visually, almost no mixing of the granulated slag with the granulated metal was observed at the bottom of the separation container 1. Further, a part of the metal particles 41 overflowed from the upper part of the separation container 1 together with the slag particles 31, but 50% or more of the charged granulated metal particles can be recovered through the metal recovery pipe 11 at the bottom of the separation container 1. confirmed. The remaining metal particles remained inside the separation container 1, but these are discharged if the separation and recovery operation is continued thereafter, and there is no problem in separation performance. The reason for this is that after the separation / selection operation reaches a steady state, a constant amount of metal is constantly accumulated at the bottom of the separation container 1. This is because the discharge and recovery of 41 progress, and there is no problem in the separation efficiency.

  According to the method for separating and selecting slag particles and metal particles of the present invention, the slag particles and metal particles can be easily and highly separated by a simple method using the difference in specific gravity between the slag particles and metal particles. Separation and sorting can be performed with efficiency. In addition, the separation / separation apparatus of the present invention is an optimum separation / separation apparatus that facilitates facility operation and maintenance, and has low manufacturing costs for facilities when the above-described separation / separation method is performed. Therefore, the method and apparatus of the present invention is a technology with high practical value that can be widely applied to, for example, a separation and sorting process of slag and metal recovered by, for example, a gasification melting method of waste.

It is a figure which shows the principle and basic composition of the separation-and-separation method of the slag grain and metal grain of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of embodiment in the practical machine of this invention, The figure (a) shows the front view of a separation-sorting apparatus, The figure (b) represents the AA cross section in the figure (a), respectively. It is the schematic which shows the example of installation of the baffle plate to a separation container side wall, The figure (a) represents the side view, The figure (b) represents the top view, respectively. It is the schematic which shows the example of installation of the baffle plate in a separation container bottom, The figure (a) represents the side view, The figure (b) represents the top view, respectively. It is a figure which shows the result of the separation-and-separation test done using the separation-and-separation apparatus shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the result of the separation-and-separation test done using the separation-and-separation apparatus shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1: separation container (tubular container), 11: metal recovery pipe, 12: metal recovery auxiliary pipe, 13: liquid ejection nozzle, 14: separation container side wall, 15: side wall baffle plate, 16: bottom baffle plate, 17: Filtration device, 21: dispersion, 31: slag grain, 41: metal grain, 5: impeller

Claims (14)

  A mixture of slag particles and metal particles having different specific gravities and a dispersion liquid are charged into a cylindrical container having a substantially vertical central axis, and the dispersion liquid is swung around a substantially vertical axis to enter the cylindrical container. A method for separating and selecting slag particles and metal particles, wherein the slag particles are overflowed from the upper part of the cylindrical container together with the dispersion by supplying the dispersion.   The separation / selection method according to claim 1, wherein the dispersion liquid is swirled by the dispersion liquid supplied to the cylindrical container.   3. The separation and sorting method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the metal particles settled on the bottom of the cylindrical container are discharged through a metal particle recovery pipe installed along the central axis of the container at the bottom of the cylindrical container. A method for separating and sorting slag grains and metal grains, wherein the slag grains and metal grains are separated and sorted.   4. The separation and sorting method according to claim 3, wherein the metal particle recovery is performed above the metal particle recovery pipe so that a lower end thereof is higher than a bottom of the cylindrical container along a central axis of the cylindrical container. A method for separating and selecting slag particles and metal particles, characterized in that an auxiliary pipe is installed, and metal particles are introduced into the metal particle recovery pipe through a gap between the metal particle recovery pipe and the metal particle recovery auxiliary pipe, and then discharged. .   5. The separation and sorting method according to claim 1, wherein the dispersion liquid overflowed from the upper part of the cylindrical container together with the slag grains and / or the dispersion liquid discharged together with the metal grains from a metal recovery pipe are added to the slag. A method for separating and selecting slag particles and metal particles, characterized in that after separation from the particles and / or metal particles, the cylindrical container is recirculated and replenished.   A slag grain and a metal grain characterized by separating and sorting iron and metals other than iron contained in the metal grain separated and recovered by the separation and sorting method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 by magnetic sorting. Separation and sorting method.   The separation / selection method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the slag particles are granulated slag particles, and the metal particles are granulated metal particles. Sorting method.   A separation / separation device for slag particles and metal particles having different specific gravities, a cylindrical container having a substantially vertical central axis for containing a mixture of slag particles and metal particles and a dispersion, and a substantially vertical axis A dispersion liquid swirling means for swirling around, and a replenishing means for replenishing the cylindrical container with an amount of the dispersion liquid corresponding to an amount of overflowing the slag particles together with the dispersion from the upper part of the cylindrical container; An apparatus for separating and separating slag grains and metal grains.   9. The separation / separation apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the dispersion liquid swirl means includes a liquid ejection nozzle for swirling the dispersion liquid by the dispersion liquid.   10. The separation / separation apparatus according to claim 8, wherein metal particles settled at the bottom of the cylindrical container along the central axis of the cylindrical container are further removed from the cylindrical container at the bottom of the cylindrical container. An apparatus for separating and separating slag particles and metal particles, comprising a metal particle recovery pipe for discharging.   The separation / separation apparatus according to claim 10, further comprising a lower end located above the metal particle recovery pipe and along the central axis of the cylindrical container at a position higher than the bottom of the cylindrical container, An apparatus for separating and separating slag particles and metal particles, comprising a metal particle recovery auxiliary pipe for introducing and discharging metal particles into the metal particle recovery pipe through a gap with the metal particle recovery pipe.   The separation / separation apparatus according to any one of claims 8 to 11, further comprising a dispersion liquid separation apparatus and / or metal recovery for separating the dispersion liquid overflowing from the upper part of the cylindrical container together with the slag grains from the slag grains. A dispersion separator that separates the dispersion discharged together with the metal particles through the pipe from the metal particles, and the slag particles and / or the dispersion liquid after being separated from the metal particles are circulated and supplied again into the cylindrical container. The apparatus for separating and separating slag particles and metal particles, characterized in that it comprises a circulating replenishing device.   The separation / separation apparatus according to any one of claims 8 to 12, further comprising a magnetic force for separating and separating iron and metals other than iron contained in the metal particles separated and collected by the separation / separation apparatus by magnetic separation. A separation / separation device for separating slag particles and metal particles, comprising a sorting device.   The separation / separation apparatus according to any one of claims 8 to 13, wherein the slag particles are granulated slag particles, and the metal particles are granulated metal particles. Sorting device.

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