JP2008303706A - Opening/closing device for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enhance the reliability of operation of the opening/closing device for vehicles by improving the rotational detection accuracy of an output member. <P>SOLUTION: A drive unit 28 comprises an electromagnetic clutch 37. The electromagnetic clutch 37 comprises a drive disk 41 rotatable integrally with a worm wheel 35 and a driven disk 42 rotatable integrally with an output member 51. A clutch coil 43 is housed in a coil holder 44 and is disposed at a position reverse to a friction face in contact with the driven disk 42 of the drive disk 41 and between the drive disk 41 and the worm wheel 35. A magnet 83 is disposed between the output member 51 and a gear case 32a. The magnet 83 is rotated together with a drum 51. A sensor housing part is provided in a housing case 47 fixed to the gear case 32a. A change in a magnetic field of the magnet 83, i.e., the rotation of the drum 51, is detected by a magnetic sensor housed in the sensor housing part. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicle opening / closing device that automatically opens and closes an opening / closing member provided in a vehicle, and is particularly effective when applied to opening / closing of a sliding door, a back door, and the like.

  Vehicles such as automobiles are provided with opening and closing members such as doors, back doors, sunroofs and the like everywhere. In particular, many wagon cars and one-box cars are provided with a sliding door that opens and closes in the vehicle front-rear direction on the side of the vehicle so that passengers can easily get on and off the vehicle and load and unload luggage. It is done.

  Such sliding doors are often applied to relatively large openings because they require a small open space on the side of the vehicle required for opening and closing. For this reason, the sliding door itself tends to increase in size, and the weight of the sliding door increases, and it may be difficult for women and children to freely open and close the door. In particular, there were problems such as being unable to open easily on the slope due to the weight of the sliding door. Under the circumstances where family use such as one-box vehicles is increasing, vehicles equipped with a vehicle opening / closing device that automatically opens and closes sliding doors have been developed so that women and children can easily open and close them. .

  As such an opening / closing device, there is known a device in which a cable connected to a slide door is wound around a drum from the front side and the rear side of the vehicle, and the drum is rotated by a drive unit to open and close the slide door. It has been. In this case, the drive unit has an electric motor as a drive source and a speed reduction mechanism housed in a gear case, and the rotation of the electric motor is reduced to a predetermined rotational speed by the speed reduction mechanism and output from the output shaft. . The output shaft is provided so as to protrude from the gear case, and the aforementioned drum is fixed to the output shaft and is rotationally driven by a drive unit. Thus, when the electric motor is activated, one of the front and rear cables of the vehicle is wound around the drum, and the sliding door is opened and closed while being pulled by the cable, and the moving direction is determined by the rotation direction of the electric motor. It will be.

  Even in a vehicle provided with such an opening / closing device, the sliding door may be manually opened and closed. However, since the slide door is connected to the electric motor via a cable, a drum, a speed reduction mechanism, etc., the operation requires a larger operating force than a slide door having no opening / closing member. Therefore, an electromagnetic clutch that interrupts power transmission between the speed reduction mechanism and the output shaft is provided, and when the sliding door is manually opened and closed, the electromagnetic clutch is in a disconnected state. ing. As a result, when a manual opening / closing operation is performed, power transmission between the electric motor and the sliding door is interrupted by the electromagnetic clutch, and the operating force is as light as that of a normal sliding door without an opening / closing device. , The feeling of operation is improved. Such an electromagnetic clutch includes a drive disk fixed to the speed reduction mechanism side, a driven disk fixed to the output shaft, and a clutch coil, and the power is transmitted by pressing the disks facing each other by the magnetic attractive force generated by the clutch coil. A so-called friction type is used, which is housed in a gear case and integrated with the drive unit.

In such a switchgear, as shown in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, for example, a sensor magnet fixed to the outer periphery of the rotor of the electromagnetic clutch and a Hall element fixed in the gear case so as to face the sensor magnet And a magnetic sensor that controls the operation based on a detection signal output from the magnetic sensor. In this case, the magnetic sensor outputs a pulse signal having a period corresponding to the rotational speed of the sensor magnet, that is, the drum. Then, the opening / closing position of the sliding door is detected by integrating the pulse signal starting from the time when the sliding door is in the fully closed position, and the movement speed is set according to the opening / closing position, and control such as slow stop is performed. . In addition, it detects the extension of the period of the pulse signal, detects pinching when the extension exceeds a preset value, and stops or reverses the movement of the sliding door to prevent pinching. Yes.
JP 2000-179233 A JP 2003-74255 A

  However, in such an opening / closing device, since the sensor magnet is fixed to the outer peripheral portion of the rotor of the electromagnetic clutch, the magnetic field of the sensor magnet may be disturbed by the magnetic field generated by the clutch coil. In addition, since the electromagnetic clutch has a structure in which each disk is frictionally engaged, there is a possibility that magnetized wear powder is generated in the gear case and the friction powder adheres to the sensor magnet. In these cases, the detection accuracy of the magnetic sensor is lowered, and the reliability of the operation control of the slide door performed based on the detection signal of the magnetic sensor may be lowered.

  In addition, since the magnetic sensor is housed in the gear case together with the sensor magnet, if the gear case becomes hot due to heat generated by the electric motor, the sensitivity of the magnetic sensor decreases and the detection accuracy of the rotation sensor decreases. There was a fear.

  An object of the present invention is to improve the accuracy of detecting the rotation of the output member and to increase the certainty of the operation of the vehicle opening / closing device.

  A vehicle opening and closing device of the present invention is a vehicle opening and closing device that automatically opens and closes an opening and closing member provided in a vehicle by a drive source, the gear case being fixed to the drive source and housing a speed reduction mechanism therein, A worm wheel that is rotatably accommodated in the gear case and is driven to rotate by the drive source, and a drive disk that is formed in a disc shape by a steel material and is connected to the worm wheel and rotates integrally with the worm wheel; A driven disk that is formed in a disk shape with steel and is movable in the axial direction with respect to the drive disk, and a friction surface that is housed in a coil holder fixed to the gear case and is in contact with the driven disk. A clutch coil disposed between the worm wheel and the drive disk, and disposed in the gear case. An electromagnetic clutch which is connected to said driven disc, and having an output member for outputting the power of said driving source to the opening and closing member.

  In the vehicle opening and closing apparatus of the present invention, an output shaft that decelerates and outputs the rotation of the drive source is projected from the gear case, the driven disk rotates integrally with the output shaft, and the output member Is fixed to the output shaft and rotates integrally with the output shaft.

  In the vehicle opening / closing apparatus of the present invention, a clutch cover that covers the electromagnetic clutch is attached to the gear case.

  The opening / closing device for a vehicle according to the present invention is disposed between the gear case and the output member, and is disposed between the magnet rotating with the output member, facing the magnet, and the output from the change of the magnetic field generated by the magnet. And a magnetic sensor for detecting the rotation of the member.

  According to the present invention, since the magnet that rotates together with the output member is disposed between the gear case of the drive unit and the output member, the disturbance of the magnetic field generated by the magnet is prevented, and the detection accuracy of the rotation of the output member by the magnetic sensor is improved. Can be improved. Further, since the magnet is arranged on the gear case side with respect to the output member, the influence of the shaft deflection of the output shaft is reduced, and the detection accuracy of the rotation of the output member by the magnetic sensor can be improved. Thereby, the certainty of the action | operation of a vehicle opening / closing apparatus can be improved.

  Further, according to the present invention, since the magnet is fixed to the outer peripheral end of the disk member, the noise generated by the speed reduction mechanism is blocked by the disk member, and the noise in the vehicle compartment can be reduced.

  Furthermore, according to the present invention, since the disk member to which the magnet is fixed is fixed to the power transmission member fixed to the output shaft, the positioning can be facilitated.

  Furthermore, according to the present invention, since the gear case is shielded from the output member by the partition wall, the waterproofness of the vehicle opening / closing device can be enhanced. Further, the noise generated by the speed reduction mechanism can be shielded by the partition wall, so that the noise in the passenger compartment can be reduced.

  Furthermore, according to the present invention, the partition wall forms a labyrinth seal with the output member and the disk member, so that the waterproofness of the vehicle opening / closing device can be enhanced.

  Furthermore, according to the present invention, water, rainwater, etc. that has entered the inside of the output member housing portion flows through the inclined surface and is discharged from the discharge hole, so that the drainage of the case body is improved, Waterproofness can be improved.

  Furthermore, according to the present invention, since the magnetic sensor is held and positioned by the case body in the sensor housing portion provided in the case body, the magnetic sensor can be easily positioned with respect to the magnet.

  Further, according to the present invention, the sensor accommodating portion for accommodating the magnetic sensor is closed by the retaining portion provided on the cover for closing the output member accommodating portion, and the magnetic sensor is detached from the sensor accommodating portion by the retaining portion. Therefore, it is possible to easily attach the magnetic sensor.

  Further, according to the present invention, when the opening and closing member is automatically opened and closed, a magnetic force is generated in the clutch coil to move the driven disk in a direction approaching the driving disk, and the respective disks are mutually connected on the friction surface. It is possible to transmit the rotation of the drive source to the output member in a power transmission state in which the worm wheel and the output member are fixed to each other via the respective disks. On the other hand, when the open / close member is manually operated, the frictional force between the disks is reduced by stopping the power supply to the clutch coil, and the worm wheel and the output member are brought into the power cut-off state, and the operation force is reduced. Can be made as light as a normal opening / closing member without an opening / closing device. As described above, the power transmission between the drive source and the output member can be intermittently opened and closed by the electromagnetic clutch, and the opening and closing member can be opened and closed automatically and manually.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a vehicle provided with a vehicle opening / closing device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged plan view showing an enlarged main part of the vehicle shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a slide door 12 that is an opening / closing member is provided on a side portion of the vehicle 11. The slide door 12 is guided by a guide rail 13 fixed to the vehicle 11 and can be opened and closed between a fully open position indicated by a solid line and a fully closed position indicated by a one-dot chain line in the figure, and is provided in the vehicle interior. When getting on and off the second seat 14 or the third seat 15 and loading / unloading of luggage, it is opened to the fully open position.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a roller assembly 16 is attached to the slide door 12, and the slide door 12 is movable in the vehicle front-rear direction by being guided by the guide rail 13. Further, a curved portion 13 a that curves toward the vehicle interior side is provided on the vehicle front side of the guide rail 13, and the slide door 12 is the same as the side surface of the vehicle 11 by guiding the roller assembly 16 to the curved portion 13 a. It is drawn into the inside of the vehicle 11 and closed so as to fit within the surface.

  The vehicle 11 is provided with a vehicle opening / closing device 21 (hereinafter referred to as an opening / closing device 21) for automatically opening and closing the sliding door 12. The opening / closing device 21 includes an actuator unit 22 fixed to the vehicle 11 adjacent to a substantially central portion of the guide rail 13 in the vehicle front-rear direction, and two cables 23 connecting the actuator unit 22 and the slide door 12. These cables 23 are connected to the slide door 12 via the roller assembly 16 from the vehicle front side and the rear side, respectively. Further, reversing pulleys 24 and 25 are provided at the front and rear end portions of the guide rail 13, and the cable 23 is guided to the actuator unit 22 via the reversing pulleys 24 and 25. The sliding door 12 is opened and closed by pulling one of the cables 23 by the actuator unit 22.

  3 is a partially cutaway sectional view showing details of the vehicle opening / closing device shown in FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line AA shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the vehicle opening / closing device shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the opening / closing device 21 has a drive unit 28 including an electric motor 26 as a drive source and a speed reducer 27 fixed to the electric motor 26, and opens and closes the slide door 12. The driving force for this purpose is generated by a driving unit 28 as driving means. The electric motor 26 is connected to a control device (not shown) via a power supply line 31, and the operation is controlled by this control device. As this control device, a so-called microcomputer having a CPU, a memory and the like is used, and a direct current in a predetermined direction is supplied to the electric motor 26 in response to a command signal from a slide door opening / closing switch (not shown). The motor 26 can be rotated forward and backward.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4, the speed reducer 27 has a structure in which a speed reduction mechanism 33 is accommodated in a gear case 32 a fixed to the electric motor 26. In the illustrated case, the speed reduction mechanism 33 is an electric motor. A worm gear mechanism including a worm 34 formed on the outer periphery of the 26 rotation shaft and a worm wheel 35 rotatably accommodated in the gear case 32a is used. An output shaft 36 of the drive unit 28 protrudes from the gear case 32a, and the rotation of the electric motor 26 is reduced to a predetermined rotation via the speed reduction mechanism 33 and output from the output shaft 36. ing.

  In the illustrated case, a worm gear mechanism is used as the speed reduction mechanism 33. However, the speed reduction mechanism 33 is not limited to this, and other types of speed reduction mechanisms such as a combination of spur gears having different numbers of teeth may be used. Also good.

  Further, the gear case 32 a is provided with an electromagnetic clutch 37, and power transmission between the speed reduction mechanism 33 and the output shaft 36 can be interrupted by the electromagnetic clutch 37. The electromagnetic clutch 37 is a so-called friction type electromagnetic clutch, and includes a drive disk 41, a driven disk 42, and a clutch coil 43. The drive disk 41 is formed in a disk shape from a steel material, and is connected to the worm wheel 35 so as to rotate integrally with the worm wheel 35. The driven disk 42 is formed in a disk shape from a steel material, is spline-engaged with the output shaft 36, rotates integrally with the output shaft 36, and is movable in the axial direction with respect to the output shaft 36. The clutch coil 43 is housed in a coil holder 44 fixed to the gear case 32a and is disposed on the opposite side of the back surface of the drive disk 41, that is, the friction surface in contact with the driven disk 42, and is supplied with electric power from a control device (not shown). As a result, a magnetic force is generated. A clutch cover 32b is attached to the gear case 32a so as to cover the electromagnetic clutch 37. When a magnetic force is generated in the clutch coil 43, the driven disk 42 moves in a direction approaching the drive disk 41, and the disks 41 and 42 are pressed against each other on the friction surface. As a result, the power transmission state is fixed between the worm wheel 35 and the output shaft 36 via the respective disks 41 and 42, and the rotation of the worm wheel 35, that is, the electric motor 26 is transmitted to the output shaft 36. become. When the power supply to the clutch coil 43 is stopped, the frictional force between the disks 41 and 42 is reduced, and the worm wheel 35 and the output shaft 36 are in a power cut-off state. As described above, the electromagnetic clutch 37 interrupts power transmission between the electric motor 26 and the output shaft 36.

  A housing case 47 having a case body 45 fixed to the gear case 32 a and a cover 46 fixed to the case body 45 is fixed to the drive unit 28, and an output member housing portion 48 provided in the case body 45 is fixed. An output member 51 is accommodated inside. In this case, the output member 51 is a resin-made drum 51 in which two cable guide grooves 52 are formed in a spiral shape on the outer peripheral surface, and is rotatable inside the output member accommodating portion 48.

  The output member accommodating portion 48 has a cylindrical portion 53 having an inner diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the drum 51 and facing the outer peripheral surface of the drum 51. The cylindrical portion 53 covers the outer periphery in the radial direction of the drum 51. It has come to be. Further, the cover 46 closes the opening end of the output member accommodating portion 48, whereby the drum 51 is isolated from the outside by the cylindrical portion 53 and the cover 46.

  The case body 45 is provided with two guide portions 54 arranged in a substantially V shape with respect to the output member accommodating portion 48, and a part of each cable 23 is provided on the end surface 55 of the corresponding guide portion 54. The cable is inserted into the case body 45 through the provided cable insertion hole 56 and guided to the drum 51. That is, a part of the cable 23 on the drum 51 side is movably accommodated inside the accommodation case 47. These cables 23 are attached to a cable fixing groove 57 formed on the end face of the drum 51 with a drum part 23a provided at the end thereof, and are wound around the corresponding cable guide groove 52 in a plurality of opposite directions. It has been. That is, the drum 51 is connected to the slide door 12 via the cable 23, and the driving force of the drive unit 28 is transmitted to the slide door 12 by the cable 23 provided between the drive unit 28 and the slide door 12. It has become.

  At this time, the gap between the outer peripheral surface of the drum 51 and the cylindrical portion 53 is narrower than the outer diameter of the cable 23, and even if the cable 23 is loose with respect to the drum 51, the cable 23 is not connected to the cable guide groove 52. It will not come off. Further, since the case body 45 is fixed to the drive unit 28 and the drum 51 is fixed to the output shaft 36 of the drive unit 28, the outer periphery of the drum 51 and the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 53 are constant smaller than the outer diameter of the cable 23. It is easy to align so that there is a gap.

  As described above, in the opening / closing device 21, the output member accommodating portion 48 is provided in the case body 45 fixed to the gear case 32a, and the output member accommodating portion 48 is closed by the cover 46 fixed to the case body 45. Therefore, alignment between the drum 51 accommodated in the output member accommodating portion 48 and the output member accommodating portion 48 can be facilitated. Therefore, the gap between the outer peripheral surface of the drum 51 and the inner surface of the output member accommodating portion 48 can be set at a narrow constant interval, and the cable 23 can be prevented from being detached from the cable guide groove 52. Further, when the drum 51 around which the cable 23 is wound is mounted on the output member accommodating portion 48, the cable 23 is prevented from being detached from the cable guide groove 52, so that the assembling work of the switchgear 21 is facilitated. be able to.

  FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing details of a fixed portion between the drum and the output shaft. As shown in FIG. 6, a power transmission member 61 is provided between the drum 51 and the output shaft 36. Is fixed to the output shaft 36 via the power transmission member 61.

  The portion of the output shaft 36 that protrudes from the gear case 32 a has a main shaft portion 62 that has a shaft diameter substantially the same as the shaft diameter inside the gear case 32 a. A small-diameter shaft portion 63 is protruded. Further, a serration portion 64 as an engagement portion is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the main shaft portion 62, and a male screw portion 65 as a fastening portion is formed at the distal end portion of the small diameter shaft portion 63.

  On the other hand, the power transmission member 61 includes an annular detent 67 having an engagement hole 66 in which serration grooves are formed on the inner surface so as to correspond to the main shaft 62, and an inner diameter corresponding to the small-diameter shaft 63. And an annular positioning portion 69 having a small-diameter hole 68, which are integrally formed of a steel material. The engagement hole 66 is engaged with the serration part 64 by inserting the main shaft part 62, and the small diameter shaft part 63 is inserted into the small diameter hole 68. A nut 71 as a fastening member is screwed to the male screw portion 65, and the positioning portion 69 is sandwiched between the nut 71 and the tip end portion of the main shaft portion 62. The nut 71 is a so-called locking nut having a locking function.

  That is, the power transmission member 61 is prevented from rotating with respect to the main shaft portion 62 by the rotation preventing portion 67 engaging with the serration portion 64 in the engagement hole 66, and the positioning portion 69 is connected to the tip end portion of the main shaft portion 62. Are positioned in the axial direction by being fastened to the nut 71. Accordingly, the power transmission member 61 is fixed to the output shaft 36 and rotates integrally with the output shaft 36.

  As described above, in the opening / closing device 21, the power transmission member 61 is positioned with respect to the output shaft 36 by the positioning portion 69 being sandwiched between the distal end portion of the main shaft portion 62 and the nut 71. The main shaft portion 62 provided with the serration portion 64 that stops the rotation of the 61 can be formed to have a shaft diameter substantially the same as the shaft diameter inside the gear case 32a. Therefore, it is not necessary to form the output shaft 36 with a high-strength and expensive material, and the cost of the switchgear 21 can be reduced.

  At the axial end of the power transmission member 61 on the side facing the gear case 32 a, an annular locking portion 72 that protrudes in the radial direction from the outer periphery of the rotation stopper 67 is provided, and the nut 71, the power transmission member 61, A washer 73 having a larger diameter than that of the positioning portion 69 is provided between them. The drum 51 is sandwiched between the locking portion 72 and the washer 73 and fixed to the power transmission member 61. . At this time, since the end face of the drum 51 facing the washer 73 is substantially flush with the end face of the power transmission member 61 facing the washer 73, the fastening force of the nut 71 is mainly the power formed by the steel material. A large fastening force is not applied to the drum 51 supported by the transmission member 61 and formed of resin. In the case shown in the drawing, the large-diameter portion is a washer 73 formed separately from the nut 71, but the present invention is not limited to this, for example, as a flange of the nut 71 formed integrally with the nut 71. Good.

  Thus, in this opening / closing device 21, the drum 1 is sandwiched and fixed between the locking portion 72 provided on the power transmission member 61 and the washer 73, so the fastening force of the nut 71 is mainly the power. It is added to the transmission member 61, and the drum 51 can be prevented from being deformed by the fastening force of the nut 71.

  Three convex portions 74 projecting in the radial direction are provided on the outer periphery of the power transmission member 61, and the drum 51 is engaged with the concave portion 75 formed in the drum 51, so that the drum 51 is connected to the power transmission member. It is prevented from rotating with respect to 61.

  With such a structure, the drum 51 is fixed to the output shaft 36 via the power transmission member 61 and is rotationally driven by the drive unit 28. When the drum 51 is rotationally driven by the drive unit 28, one of the cables 23 is wound around the drum 51 and the other cable 23 is sent out from the drum 51 to perform the opening / closing operation of the slide door 12. It will be. Further, the moving direction of the slide door 12 can be changed by reversing the rotation direction of the electric motor 26, that is, the drum 51. Thus, the power of the drive unit 28 is output to the slide door 12 by the drum 51, and the slide door 12 is driven.

  In such an opening / closing device 21, a part of the cable 23 is exposed to the outside of the vehicle 11, so that rainwater, dust, and the like enter the output member accommodating portion 48 via the cable 23, and these are electrically operated. There is a risk that it will adhere to the motor 26 or the speed reducer 27 and hinder the operation of the drive unit 28. Therefore, in the opening / closing device 21, a partition wall 76 extending between the drum 51 and the gear case 32a is provided in the case body 45, and foreign substances such as rainwater and dust that have entered the output member accommodating portion 48 by the partition wall 76 are driven unit. 28 is prevented.

  The partition wall 76 is formed in a disk shape extending radially inward from the end on the gear case 32a side of the cylindrical portion 53 toward the output shaft 36, and the output shaft 36 and the power transmission member 61 penetrate through the shaft center. A through hole 77 is provided. Further, a seal portion 78 bent toward the drum 51 is provided at the inner peripheral end portion of the partition wall 76, and the seal portion 78 is positioned inside an annular groove 79 formed on the end surface of the drum 51. It is supposed to be. That is, the seal portion 78 of the partition wall 76 forms a labyrinth seal with the annular groove 79 of the drum 51, thereby enhancing the waterproofness against leakage of rainwater or the like from the output member housing portion 48 to the gear case 32 a side. It is like that.

  As described above, in the opening / closing device 21, since the partition wall 76 is provided between the gear case 32a and the drum 51, it is possible to prevent foreign matters such as rainwater and dust that have entered the output member accommodating portion 48 from adhering to the drive unit 28. be able to. Further, the noise generated by the gear case 32a can be shielded by the partition wall 76, and the noise in the passenger compartment of the vehicle 11 provided with the opening / closing device 21 can be reduced.

  Further, in the opening / closing device 21, the partition wall 76 forms a labyrinth seal with the drum 51, so that it is possible to improve the waterproof property against leakage of rainwater or the like from the output member housing portion 48 to the gear case 32a side.

  Further, in this case, since the actuator unit 22 is fixed to the vehicle 11 so that the output shaft 36 of the speed reducer 27 is disposed horizontally with respect to the vehicle 11, rainwater or the like that has entered the output member accommodating portion 48 is drummed. It will accumulate on the lower side of 51. Therefore, in the opening / closing device 21, the output member accommodating portion 48 is provided with an inclined surface 82 located below the drum 51 and continuing to the discharge hole 81, and rainwater or the like that has entered the output member accommodating portion 48 is removed from the inclined surface. It is made to discharge from the discharge hole 81 through 82. Thereby, the drainage property of the output member accommodating part 48 is improved, and the waterproofness of this switchgear 21 can be improved.

  As described above, in the opening / closing device 21, the inclined surface 82 connected to the discharge hole 81 is provided in the output member accommodating portion 48, so that the drainage of the output member accommodating portion 48 is enhanced and the waterproof property of the opening / closing device 21 is enhanced. be able to.

  The opening / closing device 21 includes a magnet 83 disposed between the drum 51 and the gear case 32 a and rotating together with the drum 51, and a rotation of the drum 51 due to a change in the magnetic field generated by the magnet 83 disposed opposite to the magnet 83. Are provided, and the above-described control device controls the operation of the electric motor 26 based on detection signals from these magnetic sensors 84.

  The magnet 83 is formed in an annular shape, and is a so-called multipolar magnetized magnet in which a large number of magnetic poles are aligned and magnetized in the circumferential direction. In addition, a disk member 86 is fixed to the power transmission member 61 by a rivet 85, and a magnet 83 is fixed to the outer peripheral end of the disk member 86. That is, the magnet 83 and the disk member 86 are fixed to the drum 51 via the power transmission member 61, and are arranged between the drum 51 and the gear case 32a so as to rotate together with the drum 51. Therefore, since the magnet 83 rotates with the drum 51 outside the gear case 32a, the magnetic field generated by the magnet 83 is disturbed by the magnetic field generated by the clutch coil 43 of the electromagnetic clutch 37 housed inside the gear case 32a. In addition, the magnetic wear powder generated by the disks 41 and 42 does not adhere to the magnet 83.

  The disk member 86 is made of a metal plate and itself does not generate a magnetic field.

  As described above, in the opening / closing device 21, since the magnet 83 is disposed between the drum 51 and the gear case 32a, the magnet 83 has a magnetic field generated by the clutch coil 43 of the electromagnetic clutch 37 housed in the gear case 32a. The magnetic field is not disturbed, and magnetized wear powder generated by the disks 41 and 42 is prevented from adhering to the magnet 83. Therefore, the disturbance of the magnetic field generated by the magnet 83 is prevented, and the detection accuracy of the rotation of the drum 51 by the magnetic sensor 84 can be increased. Further, since the magnet 83 is disposed on the gear case 32a side from the drum 51, the influence of the shaft runout of the output shaft 36 is reduced, and the detection accuracy of the magnetic sensor 84 can be further increased. Further, since the magnetic sensor 84 is disposed outside the gear case 32a together with the magnet 83, the magnetic sensor 84 is not placed in a high-temperature environment such as the inside of the gear case 32a that becomes high temperature due to heat generated by the electric motor 26. The detection accuracy of 84 can be increased.

  Further, in this opening / closing device 21, the magnet 83 is fixed to the outer peripheral end of the disk member 86 that rotates together with the drum 51, so that the noise generated by the speed reduction mechanism 33 is sound-insulated by this disk member 86. Noise in the passenger compartment of the vehicle 11 provided with the device 21 can be reduced.

  Further, in the opening / closing device 21, the magnet 83 is positioned by fixing the disk member 86 to the power transmission member 61. Therefore, the positioning of the magnet 83 can be facilitated.

  The aforementioned partition wall 76 extends between the drum 51 and the disk member 86, and also forms a labyrinth seal with the disk member 86. In this case, a stepped portion 87 that is recessed toward the drum 51 is provided at a substantially central portion in the radial direction of the disk member 86, and the gap between the partition wall 76 and the disk member 86 is slightly narrowed by the stepped portion 87. A labyrinth seal is formed.

  Thus, in this opening / closing device 21, the partition wall 76 forms a labyrinth seal with the disk member 86, so that the waterproof property of the opening / closing device 21 can be enhanced by the partition wall 76.

  On the other hand, Hall elements are used as the two magnetic sensors 84, and these magnetic sensors 84 are mounted on the sensor substrate 88 and accommodated in the sensor accommodating portion 91 provided in the case body 45 together with the sensor substrate 88. ing. At this time, the sensor substrate 88 is held by the case body 45 in the sensor housing portion 91. That is, each magnetic sensor 84 is held by the case body 45 in the sensor housing portion 91 via the sensor substrate 88, and thereby positioned so as to face the magnet 83. Further, the cover 46 is provided with a retaining portion 92 that closes the sensor accommodating portion 91, and the sensor accommodating portion 91 is blocked by the retaining portion 92 when the cover 46 is attached to the case body 45. It has become. Thereby, the sensor substrate 88, that is, the magnetic sensor 84 is prevented from falling off from the sensor housing portion 91 by the retaining portion 92.

  As described above, in the opening / closing device 21, the magnetic sensor 84 is held and positioned by the case body 45 in the sensor housing portion 91 provided in the case body 45, so that the magnetic sensor 84 can be easily positioned with respect to the magnet 83. be able to.

  In the opening / closing device 21, the magnetic sensor 84 is prevented from falling off from the case body 45 by the retaining portion 92 provided on the cover 46, so that the magnetic sensor 84 can be easily attached.

  The magnetic sensors 84 housed in the sensor housing portion 91 are arranged so as to be shifted from each other in the circumferential direction by a predetermined angle with respect to the magnet 83, and the phases of detection signals generated by the same magnetic pole are shifted by 90 °. ing. With such a configuration, when the drive unit 28 operates and the magnet 83 rotates together with the drum 51, the magnetic sensor 84 reacts to the change in the magnetic poles of the opposing magnet 83, that is, a detection signal with a period corresponding to the rotation of the drum 51. A pulse signal is output. That is, the magnetic sensor 84 detects the rotation of the drum 51 from the change in the magnetic field of the magnet 83.

  The detection signals of these magnetic sensors 84 are input to the control device via the sensor line 93, and the control device integrates the pulse signals output from the magnetic sensors 84, for example, when the slide door 12 is in the fully closed position. Thus, the open / close position of the slide door 12 can be recognized, and the moving speed of the drum 51, that is, the slide door 12, can be recognized from the cycle of the pulse signal of each magnetic sensor 84. Further, the rotation direction of the drum 51, that is, the moving direction of the slide door 12 can be recognized from the appearance order of the pulse signals of the magnetic sensors 84.

  Then, the control device controls the operation of the electric motor 26 based on the opening / closing position and the moving speed of the slide door 12. As such control, for example, so-called slow stop control for reducing the moving speed of the slide door 12 in the vicinity of the fully closed position, or when the extension of the period of the pulse signal exceeds a predetermined value, that is, the slide door 12 This includes so-called pinching prevention control that detects pinching when the moving speed drops below a predetermined value and stops or reverses the movement of the slide door 12.

  FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing an end portion of the outer casing. The cable 23 between the reversing pulleys 24 and 25 and the case body 45 is inserted into an outer casing 94 as a tension applying member formed of a resin material. . The outer casing 94 has an outer tube 95 formed in a tube shape and a slide cap 96 attached to the end portion of the outer casing 94. One end of the outer casing 94 is fixed to the reversing pulleys 24 and 25, and the other end is a guide portion. The cable 54 is inserted into the guide portion 54 through the cable insertion hole 56. One end of the outer casing 94 is accommodated in the guide portion 54 so as to be movable in the axial direction with the slide cap 96 supported by the guide portion 54 at the flange portion 97.

  Further, a tension spring 98 as a tension applying elastic member is provided in the guide portion 54. The tension spring 98 is arranged coaxially with the cable 23, and the cable 23 passes through the axial center of the tension spring 98. In addition, a large-diameter fixing portion 98 a having a larger diameter than other portions is formed in a predetermined range at an end portion of the tension spring 98 on the drum 51 side. It is adapted to be engaged with a groove 54a provided at the end on the drum 51 side. Thereby, one end of the tension spring 98 is fixed to the case body 45. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide a receiving portion with which the end of the tension spring 98 contacts the case body 45, and the cable 23 is guided by the cable guide groove 52 of the drum 51 and moved in the axial direction of the output shaft 36. Contact with the receiving part of the case body 45 can be prevented.

  Thus, in this opening / closing device 21, the tension spring 98 is supported by the case body 45 by engaging the large-diameter fixing portion 98 a with the groove portion 54 a of the case body 45, so that the cable 23 is the cable guide of the drum 51. Even if the cable 23 is guided by the groove 52 and moved in the axial direction of the output shaft 36, the cable 23 can be prevented from coming into contact with the tension spring 98 and the case body 45.

  On the other hand, the other end of the tension spring 98 is in contact with the flange portion 97 of the slide cap 96, whereby the slide cap 96 is urged by the tension spring 98 in the direction of being pushed out of the case body 45. Accordingly, the outer casing 94 is bent between the reversing pulleys 24 and 25 and the actuator unit 22 by the spring force of the tension spring 98 which is a spring member, and the reversing pulleys 24 and 25 and the actuator unit 22 are accordingly adjusted. The cable 23 between them is also curved. That is, the path of the cable 23 between the reversing pulleys 24 and 25 and the actuator unit 22 is detoured by the outer casing 94, whereby tension is applied to the cable 23.

  FIGS. 8A to 8C are a front view, a side view, and a perspective view showing details of the stopper, respectively, and FIGS. 9A to 9C are explanatory views showing an operation process of the stopper, respectively. . FIGS. 10A and 10B are cross-sectional views showing the operation process of the stopper, respectively.

  In such an opening / closing device 21, when the cable 23 is connected to the slide door 12, the cable 23 needs a predetermined looseness. Therefore, the opening / closing device 21 is provided with a stopper 101 that temporarily holds the tension spring 98 in a compressed state to release the tension of the cable 23.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the stopper 101 includes a substantially rectangular parallelepiped base portion 102, and the base portion 102 includes a flange passage hole 103 and a cable passage hole 104 so as to penetrate the base portion 102 in the lateral direction. Are formed side by side. These passage holes 103 and 104 partially overlap each other to form an integrated through hole. A temporary holding surface 105 is formed at the opening end of the cable passage hole 104 on the drum 51 side, a restriction surface 106 is formed at the opening end of the cable passage hole 104 on the cable insertion hole 56 side, and the base portion. A spring guide portion 107 extending in the axial direction is provided at an axial end portion of 102. The illustrated stopper 101 corresponds to the cable 23 extending from the drum 51 to the vehicle rear side. However, the stopper 101 corresponding to the cable 23 extending from the drum 51 to the vehicle front side is also restricted from the temporary holding surface 105. The thing of the same shape is arrange | positioned so that the function of the surface 106 may be reversed.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 9, the case body 45 is provided with a stopper accommodating portion 108, and the stopper 101 is accommodated in the stopper accommodating portion 108 so as to be movable in the axial direction. The axial direction of the stopper accommodating portion 108 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the guide portion 54, and the passage holes 103 and 104 formed in the stopper 101 are parallel to the axial direction of the guide portion 54. The stopper 101 is pivoted between the first position where the cable passage hole 104 is concentric with the cable 23 and the second position where the flange passage hole 103 is concentric with the cable 23 in the stopper accommodating portion 108. It is free to move in the direction. Further, the spring guide portion 107 protrudes outside from a through hole 108 b provided in the end portion 108 a of the stopper accommodating portion 108. The cover 46 is integrally provided with a guide closing portion 111, and the stopper accommodating portion 108 and the guide portion 54 are closed by the guide closing portion 111.

  Further, a positioning claw 112 is provided on the guide closing portion 111 side of the base portion 102. The positioning claw 112 is elastically deformable toward the inner side of the base portion 102 and at the tip of the leaf spring portion 112a. And a formed claw portion 112b. On the other hand, the guide closing portion 111 constituting the housing case 47 is formed with a positioning groove 113 facing the axial direction of the stopper 101, and an end portion of the positioning groove 113 can be engaged with the claw portion 112b. A positioning part 113a is provided. When the stopper 101 is in the first position, the claw portion 112b is engaged with the positioning portion 113a, and the movement of the stopper 101 is restricted and held at the first position.

  Further, the storage case 47 is provided with a backup spring 114 as a stopper urging elastic member disposed between the stopper 101 and the end portion 108 a of the stopper storage portion 108. The backup spring 114 is a compression coil spring, and the stopper 101 is biased by the spring force of the backup spring 114 in the direction from the second position toward the first position.

  The operation process of the stopper 101 will be described below with reference to FIGS.

  First, before connecting the cable 23 to the slide door 12, as shown in FIG. 9A, the stopper 101 is in the first position, and the flange portion 97 of the slide cap 96 contacts the temporary holding surface 105. It is assumed that As a result, the tension spring 98 is compressed, and the cable 23 is sufficiently loosened to be connected to the slide door 12. That is, in this case, the first position is a temporary holding position for temporarily holding the tension spring 98 in an elastically deformed state, that is, in a compressed state. Note that the inner diameter of the cable passage hole 104 is smaller than the outer diameter of the flange portion 97, and the flange portion 97 comes into contact with the temporary holding surface 105 reliably.

  Thus, when the tension spring 98 is temporarily held in a compressed state, the outer casing 94 is not pushed out of the case body 45, and the cable 23 is linearly disposed between the case body 45 and the reverse pulleys 24 and 25. Will cause loosening. Therefore, the connection of the cable 23 to the slide door 12 is facilitated, and the mounting workability of the opening / closing device 21 is improved.

  As shown in FIG. 10A, when the stopper 101 is in the first position, that is, the temporary holding position, the claw portion 112b of the positioning claw 112 is engaged with the positioning portion 113a. Even when an impact is applied to the stopper 101 or a pressing force is applied to the stopper 101 by mistake, the stopper 101 is held at the temporary holding position, and the tension spring 98 is prevented from being released from the compressed state.

  As described above, in the opening / closing device 21, since the stopper 101 is provided with the positioning claw 112 having the claw portion 112b that engages with the positioning portion 113a provided in the housing case 47, the stopper 101 is held in the temporary holding position. This malfunction can be prevented.

  Next, after each cable 23 is connected to the slide door 12, as shown in FIG. 9B, the stopper 101 is operated by the operator and moved to the second position. At this time, the nail | claw part 112b is operated by the operator, is pushed inside the base 102, and engagement with the positioning part 113a is cancelled | released. When the stopper 101 is moved, the claw portion 112b slides along the inner surface of the guide closing portion 111 as shown in FIG. When the stopper 101 is moved to the second position, the flange passage hole 103 and the shaft center of the flange portion 97 overlap each other, so that the flange portion 97 passes through the flange passage hole 103 and is temporarily held, that is, compressed by the tension spring 98. Is released. That is, in this case, the second position is an open position where the compression state of the tension spring 98 is released. As a result, the outer casing 94 is urged in the direction of being pushed out of the case body 45 by the spring force of the tension spring 98, and a predetermined tension is applied to the cable 23.

  Next, when the stopper 101 becomes the open position and the compression of the tension spring 98 is released, the stopper 101 is automatically pushed to the first position by being pushed by the backup spring 114 as shown in FIG. 9C. Will do. That is, as shown in FIG. 9B, when the stopper 101 is in the second position, the backup spring 114 is compressed between the stopper 101 and the end portion 108a of the stopper accommodating portion 108, and the spring force is applied to the stopper 101. In addition, the stopper 101 is biased by the spring force and moved to the first position. When the stopper is returned to the first position, the claw portion 112b of the positioning claw 112 is engaged with the positioning portion 113a again, and the movement of the stopper 101 is restricted.

  When the stopper 101 is returned to the first position, the cable passing hole 104 and the shaft center of the flange portion 97 overlap, so that the movement range of the flange portion 97 is restricted between the end surface 55 of the guide portion 54 and the restriction surface 106. Will be. That is, since the flange portion 97 larger than the inner diameter of the cable passage hole 104 cannot move beyond the stopper 101, the movement of the flange portion 97 is restricted by coming into contact with the regulating surface 106 when greatly moved to the drum 51 side. Thus, in this case, the first position is both the temporary holding position and the restricting position. Then, by restricting the movement range of the flange portion 97, that is, the slide cap 96, the displacement amount of the tension spring 98 is also restricted within a predetermined range corresponding to the movement range of the flange portion 97. As a result, even when the tension spring 98 having a displacement that can cause the cable 23 to be sufficiently loosened is used, the tension spring 98 is compressed more than necessary to hold the opening / closing device 21. Is prevented, and an appropriate range of tension can be applied to the cable 23.

  As described above, in the opening / closing device 21, the tension spring 98 can be temporarily held in a compressed state using the stopper 101 and the cable 23 can be loosened. Therefore, the cable 23 can be easily connected to the slide door 12. can do.

  Further, in this opening / closing device 21, after the compression state of the tension spring 98 is released, the displacement amount of the tension spring 98 is regulated within a predetermined range by the stopper 101, so that the cable 23 can be sufficiently loosened. Even when the tension spring 98 having a certain amount of displacement is used, unnecessary slack in the cable 23 does not occur during operation. Therefore, an appropriate tension can be generated in the cable 23 in operation, and the opening / closing operation of the slide door 12 can be made smooth.

  Further, in this opening / closing device 21, since the pack-up spring 114 is provided between the stopper 101 and the case body 45, the stopper 101 pushed to the open position is automatically moved to the regulation position by the spring force of the backup spring 114. Since it is returned, the operation of the stopper 101 can be facilitated.

  It goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the opening / closing member is the slide door 12. However, the opening / closing member is not limited to this and may be another opening / closing member such as a back door or a sunroof.

  In the embodiment, the tension spring 98 is used as the tension applying elastic member. However, the tension spring 98 is not limited to this, and any other elastic member can be used as long as the outer casing 94 can be biased. May be used.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, the tension is applied to the cable 23 by bending the outer casing 94 that is a tension applying member that covers the cable 23 by the tension spring 98 that is an elastic member for applying tension. Not limited to this, a tension pulley around which the cable 23 is stretched may be used as a tension applying member, and the tension pulley may be urged by a tension applying elastic member in a direction in which the path length of the cable 23 increases.

  Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the drum 51 is used as the output member, and the drum 51 is connected to the opening / closing member via the cable 23. An arm fixed to the shaft 36 may be used, and this arm may be connected to the opening / closing member.

  Furthermore, in the said embodiment, although a Hall element is used as the magnetic sensor 84, it is not restricted to this, If it can detect the change of the magnetic field of the magnet 83 accompanying rotation of the drum 51, Other magnetic sensors may be used.

  Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the magnet 83 is fixed to the power transmission member 61 via the disk member 86. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the disk member 86 is fixed to the output shaft 36 and the drum 51. The magnet 83 may be directly fixed to the output shaft 36, the drum 51, etc. without using the member 86.

It is explanatory drawing which shows the vehicle provided with the opening / closing apparatus for vehicles which is one embodiment of this invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged plan view showing an enlarged main part of the vehicle shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway cross-sectional view showing details of the vehicle opening / closing device shown in FIG. 2. It is sectional drawing which follows the AA line shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the vehicle opening / closing device shown in FIG. 3. It is sectional drawing which shows the detail of the fixing | fixed part of a drum and an output shaft. It is sectional drawing which shows the edge part of an outer casing. (A)-(c) is the front view, side view, and perspective view which respectively show the detail of a stopper. (A)-(c) is explanatory drawing which shows the operation process of a stopper, respectively. (A), (b) is sectional drawing which shows the operation process of a stopper, respectively.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Vehicle 12 Slide door 13 Guide rail 13a Bending part 14 Second sheet 15 Third sheet 16 Roller assembly 21 Opening and closing device 22 for vehicle 22 Actuator unit 23 Cable 23a Tyco part 24, 25 Reverse pulley 26 Electric motor 27 Reduction gear 28 Drive unit 31 Feed line 32a gear case 32b clutch cover 33 reduction mechanism 34 worm 35 worm wheel 36 output shaft 37 electromagnetic clutch 41 drive disk 42 driven disk 43 clutch coil 44 coil holder 45 case body 46 cover 47 housing case 48 output member housing portion 51 output member (drum)
52 Cable guide groove 53 Cylindrical part 54 Guide part 54a Groove part 55 End face 56 Cable insertion hole 57 Cable fixing groove 61 Power transmission member 62 Main shaft part 63 Small diameter shaft part 64 Serration part 65 Male thread part 66 Engagement hole 67 Anti-rotation part 68 Small diameter hole 69 Positioning part 71 Nut 72 Locking part 73 Washer 74 Convex part 75 Concave part 76 Bulkhead 77 Through hole 78 Seal part 79 Annular groove 81 Discharge hole 82 Inclined surface 83 Magnet 84 Magnetic sensor 85 Rivet 86 Disc member 87 Step part 88 Sensor substrate 91 sensor housing portion 92 retaining portion 93 sensor wire 94 outer casing 95 outer tube 96 slide cap 97 flange portion 98 tension spring 98a large diameter fixing portion 101 stopper 102 base portion 103 flange passage hole 104 cable passage Overhole 105 Temporary holding surface 106 Restricting surface 107 Spring guide portion 108 Stopper accommodating portion 108a End portion 108b Through hole 111 Guide closing portion 112 Positioning claw 112a Leaf spring portion 112b Claw portion 113 Positioning groove 113a Positioning portion 114 Backup spring

Claims (4)

An opening and closing device for a vehicle that automatically opens and closes an opening and closing member provided in a vehicle by a drive source,
A gear case fixed to the drive source and containing a speed reduction mechanism therein;
A worm wheel housed rotatably in the gear case and driven to rotate by the drive source;
A drive disk that is formed in a disc shape by a steel material and is connected to the worm wheel and rotates integrally with the worm wheel; a driven disk that is formed in a disk shape by a steel material and is movable in an axial direction with respect to the drive disk; A clutch coil disposed between the worm wheel and the drive disk and disposed on the opposite side of the friction surface contacting the driven disk of the drive disk housed in a coil holder fixed to the gear case; An electromagnetic clutch provided in the gear case;
An opening / closing device for a vehicle, comprising: an output member connected to the driven disk and outputting power of the driving source to the opening / closing member.   2. The vehicle opening / closing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an output shaft that decelerates and outputs rotation of the drive source is projected from the gear case, and the driven disk rotates integrally with the output shaft, An opening / closing device for a vehicle, wherein the output member is fixed to the output shaft and rotates integrally with the output shaft.   3. The vehicle opening / closing device according to claim 1, wherein a clutch cover that covers the electromagnetic clutch is attached to the gear case.   The vehicle opening / closing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the magnet is disposed between the gear case and the output member, rotates with the output member, and is opposed to the magnet. A vehicular opening and closing device comprising: a magnetic sensor that detects rotation of the output member from a change in a magnetic field generated by a magnet.

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