JP2008303619A - Door closer - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a door closer, which can ensure safety even if a regulating valve is adjusted by a user, and easily adjust the door closing speed. <P>SOLUTION: The door closer C for controlling the self-closing speed of a door D comprises springs 11 and 12 compressed by a piston 17 when opening the door; flow passages 41, 42 and the like for returning a working fluid 7 in a second chamber 5b to a first chamber 5a in accordance with the piston 17 moved by the energizing force of the springs 11 and 12 when closing the door; and a regulating valve 50 capable of adjusting the flow rate of the working fluid 7 carried to the passages from the outside. The flow passages 41, 42 and the like include control means 52 and 53 which can adjust the flow passages so that the working fluid 7 of a preliminarily regulated flow rate can be adjusted before attaching the door closer C to the door D, but cannot be adjusted after the door closer C is attached to the door. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present application relates to a door closer.

  A door closer is usually attached to a door attached to the entrance of a building. Various types of door closers are known, but generally known door closers have a spring that generates a repulsive force when the door is opened, and the speed at which the door closes against the repulsive force of the spring. And a control mechanism for adjusting (see Patent Documents 1 to 4).

  The door closer described in Patent Document 1 includes a plurality of flow paths and an adjustment valve for adjusting the flow rate of hydraulic oil in each flow path, and the adjustment valve when the piston moves in accordance with opening and closing of the door. Thus, the flow rate of the hydraulic oil flowing through the flow path is individually controlled.

  Further, the door closer described in Patent Documents 2 to 4 is a one-way valve and hydraulic oil that has moved from the first chamber to the second chamber through the one-way valve when the piston moves in accordance with opening and closing of the door. When the piston returns, a flow path for returning from the second chamber to the first chamber is formed, and the flow path is provided with a plurality of adjustment valves for adjusting the flow rate of the hydraulic oil. The flow rate of hydraulic oil flowing through the flow path is controlled by a valve.

JP-A-4-16685 JP 59-19882 A JP-A-8-158734 JP 2004-3293 A

  Since the conventional door closer described in Patent Document 1 controls the flow rate of hydraulic oil in each flow path with one speed adjustment valve, if the user accidentally loosens the adjustment valve, the door is closed. The speed is closed without being controlled, and the door may be damaged in some cases.

  Moreover, since the door closer of patent documents 2 thru | or 4 controls the flow velocity of the hydraulic fluid which flows into one flow path with several adjustment valves, hydraulic fluid can be adjusted by adjusting one adjustment valve. Therefore, it is difficult to adjust the flow rate of the hydraulic oil flowing in the flow path.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made with the above problem as an example of the problem, and provides a door closer that is safe and can easily adjust the speed at the time of closing the door even if the adjustment valve is adjusted by the user. Objective.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the door closer (C) according to claim 1 includes a rotating shaft (23) that rotates according to an opening / closing operation of the door (D), and a cylinder filled with hydraulic oil (7) ( 5) The cylinder is movably disposed in accordance with the rotation of the rotary shaft, and the cylinder is divided into a first chamber (5a) and a second chamber (5b), and the first chamber is separated from the first chamber when the door is opened. A piston (17) having a communication hole (17a) provided with a one-way valve (19) allowing passage of hydraulic oil to the two chambers, and springs (11, 12) compressed by the piston when the door is opened A flow path (41, 42, etc.) for returning the hydraulic oil in the second chamber to the first chamber along with the piston that is moved by the urging force of the spring when the door is closed, and the hydraulic oil flowing in the flow path Adjustable valve (50, adjustable flow rate from outside) 1) and a control means (52, 53) for adjusting the flow rate of a predetermined amount of hydraulic oil before the door closer is attached to the door. Provided in the flow path, the control means is not adjustable after the door closer is attached to the door.

  The door closer according to claim 2 is the door closer according to claim 1, wherein the control means includes an adjustment unit for adjusting the flow rate of the hydraulic oil in the flow path from the outside, and the door closer is used as a door. In the attached state, the adjusting portion is arranged to face and close to the door.

  The door closer according to claim 3 is the door closer according to claim 1, wherein the piston is formed with a through hole (17b) functioning as a part of the flow path, The flow rate of the hydraulic oil which is provided in the piston and passes through the through hole is adjusted.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it can prevent that the speed of the door self-closed by a user is changed more than necessary. Moreover, it can respond to various door closers, and can adjust the speed of the door that closes easily.

  DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

-Configuration of the door closer, etc. (first embodiment)-
First, with reference to FIG.1 and FIG.2, the structure of the door closer in this embodiment is demonstrated. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an internal configuration of a door closer according to the present embodiment and a first hydraulic fluid passage of the door closer, and FIG. 2 is an interior of a second hydraulic fluid passage of the door closer and the door closer according to the present embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows a structure.

  The door closer C is for attaching the door closer body 2 attached to the door D, a link mechanism (not shown) connected via a rotary shaft 23 provided in the door closer body 2, and the link mechanism to the door frame (not shown). And a base (not shown).

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the door closer body 2 has a cylindrical housing 2 a, and both ends of the housing 2 a are closed by plugs 3 and 4. A cylinder 5 is formed inside the housing 2a, and the cylinder 5 is filled with hydraulic oil 7.

  Inside the cylinder 5, large and small springs 11, 12 provided coaxially, an adjustment screw portion 15 that supports one end of the springs 11, 12 and adjusts the compression rate of the springs 11, 12, A substantially U-shaped piston 17 that reciprocates in the left-right direction in FIGS. 1 and 2 while supporting the other end of 12 is provided. The piston 17 divides the interior of the cylinder 5 into a first chamber 5a and a second chamber 5b. The first chamber 5a is a space between the piston 17 and the one plug 3 inside the cylinder 5, and the second chamber 5b is a space between the piston 17 and the other plug 4. That's what it says.

The piston 17 is formed with a through hole 17a that connects the first chamber 5a and the second chamber 5b, and a one-way valve 19 is provided in the through hole 17a. The one-way valve 19 allows the hydraulic oil 7 to pass from the first chamber 5a divided by the piston 17 to the second chamber 5b, while the hydraulic oil 7 flows from the second chamber 5b to the first chamber 5a. Further, a rack 21 is formed on the piston 17, and the rack 21 meshes with a pinion 25 formed on the outer periphery of the rotary shaft 23. The rotating shaft 23 is provided in a rotating shaft chamber 27 that accommodates the rotating shaft 23. The rotary shaft chamber 27 is provided in the housing 2 and communicates with the inside of the cylinder 5. Further, the space portion of the cylinder 5 which is in communication with the rotary shaft chamber 27 and the rotary shaft chamber 27 and is surrounded by the portion where the rack 21 of the piston 17 is formed operates from the second chamber 5b to the first chamber 5a. It functions as a part of the flow path for refluxing the oil 7.

  In the state where the closer body 2 is attached to the door D, the rotary shaft 23 protrudes upward at one end and is connected to the door D via a link mechanism (not shown). To rotate. The rack 21 and the pinion 25 are engaged with each other by the rotation of the rotary shaft 23, and the piston 17 reciprocates in the left and right directions in FIGS. 1 and 2 in the cylinder 5.

  The adjustment screw portion 15 includes an adjustment screw 31 attached to one plug 3 side along the axial direction of the cylinder 5 and a spring seat 33 attached to the adjustment screw 31. The end of each of the springs is attached to the outside, and when the adjusting screw 31 is rotated from the outside with a predetermined tool, the spring seat 33 moves in the cylinder 5 in the horizontal direction in FIGS. 1 and 2. It is supposed to move. By this operation, the compression ratio of the springs 11 and 12 is adjusted, and the magnitude of the resistance force of the springs 11 and 12 with respect to the rotating shaft 23 can be adjusted.

  In addition, the spring seat 33 is provided with a convex portion 35 protruding toward the one plug 3 side, while the plug 3 is formed with a concave groove 3 a that fits the convex portion 35. The rotation of the spring seat 33 within the adjustment range is prevented. One of the springs 11 and 12 is supported on the spring seat 33.

  In the housing 2 a, first and second hydraulic oil passages 41 and 42 are formed at different positions in parallel along the axial direction of the cylinder 5. One ends of the first and second hydraulic fluid passages 41 and 42 communicate with the outside of the right end portion of the housing 2a, and the hydraulic fluid passages 41 and 42 are provided in the middle of the hydraulic fluid passages 41 and 42, respectively. Communication channels 44, 45, 46, 47 that communicate in a direction orthogonal to 42 are formed. The communication flow paths 44 to 47 are second chamber side communication flow paths 44 and 46 provided on the second chamber 5b side, and are closer to the first chamber than the second chamber side communication flow paths 44 and 46. 1st chamber side communication flow paths 45 and 47 provided on the 5a side, and the communication flow paths 44 to 47 communicate with the cylinder 5. The hydraulic fluid passages 41 and 42 and the communication fluid passages 44 to 47 are configured so that the hydraulic fluid 7 that has moved from the first chamber 5a side to the second chamber 5b side inside the cylinder 5 is transferred to the second chamber 5b side. To the first chamber 5a. The piston 17 is formed with an introduction passage 17b that guides the hydraulic oil 7 discharged from the first chamber side communication channels 45 and 47 to the first chamber 5a. The introduction passage 17b is formed in the second chamber. It functions as a part of the flow path for returning the hydraulic oil 7 from 5b to the first chamber 5a.

  Further, the second chamber side communication channel 44 in the first hydraulic oil channel 41 is provided closer to the center than the second chamber side communication channel 46 in the second hydraulic oil channel 42. Further, the first chamber side communication channel 45 in the first hydraulic oil channel 41 is provided on the center side of the first chamber side communication channel 47 in the second hydraulic oil channel 42. As a result, the self-closing speed of the door D when the door is closed can be adjusted in two stages. That is, when the piston 17 moves in the right direction when the door is closed, first, the first hydraulic fluid passage 41 shown in FIG. 1 is used, and the hydraulic fluid 7 is transferred from the second chamber 5b to the first chamber 5a. However, when the piston 17 moves to block the second chamber side channel 44 of the first hydraulic oil channel 41 by the movement of the piston 17, the second hydraulic oil channel 42 shown in FIG. Is used to move the hydraulic oil 7 from the second chamber 5b to the first chamber 5a.

  In addition, the first speed adjusting valves 50 and 51 are respectively arranged at locations where the first and second hydraulic oil passages 41 and 42 communicate with the second chamber side communication passages 44 and 46. The first speed regulating valves 50 and 51 close one end that opens to the outside of the hydraulic fluid passages 41 and 42, respectively. In addition, second speed regulating valves 52 and 53 are respectively arranged at locations where the first and second hydraulic oil channels 41 and 42 communicate with the first chamber side communication channels 45 and 47.

  Although not specifically illustrated, the first and second speed regulating valves 50 to 53 include an adjusting screw and an opening that can change the opening diameter through which the hydraulic oil 7 passes as the adjusting screw rotates. By changing the diameter of the flow path through which the hydraulic oil 7 passes, the flow rate of the hydraulic oil 7 can be adjusted and the moving speed thereof can be adjusted.

  The first speed adjustment valves 50 and 51 are disposed at the right end of the housing 2a along the axial direction of the cylinder 5, and the end is provided in communication with the outside. Can be rotated.

  On the other hand, the second speed regulating valves 52 and 53 are disposed at the lower end portion of the housing 2a in the figure perpendicular to the axial direction of the cylinder 2a, and the end portions are provided in contact with the outside. The adjustment screw can be rotated. The second speed regulating valves 52 and 53 have a diameter of the flow path through which the hydraulic oil 7 passes so that the moving speed of the hydraulic oil 7 moving from the second chamber 5b to the first chamber 5a in advance becomes a predetermined speed. After the adjustment, the adjustment screw is crimped or bonded so that the adjustment screw cannot be rotated, or the adjustment screw is covered so that the adjustment screw cannot be adjusted from the outside.

  The second speed adjusting valves 52 and 53 are disposed in close proximity to the adjustment screw so that the adjustment screw faces the surface of the door D when the door closer body 2 is attached to the door D. Thereby, after attaching the door closer main body 2 to the door D, it becomes impossible to insert a tool and to adjust.

  The moving speed adjusted by the second speed adjusting valves 52 and 53 is adjusted to a speed at which the door D is safely closed when the opening of the first speed adjusting valves 50 and 51 is opened to the maximum. .

  As described above, the door closer C of the present embodiment is adjusted by the second speed adjusting valves 52 and 53 so that the flow passage diameter for securing a constant flow rate of the hydraulic oil 7 is secured in advance before the closer body 2 is attached to the door D. After the attachment to the door D, the second speed regulating valves 52 and 53 are prevented from functioning. When the subsequent adjustment becomes necessary, the first speed adjustment valves 50 and 51 are used for adjustment.

  In this way, when manufacturing door closers C corresponding to various types of doors D, it is not necessary to design a flow path diameter suitable for each door closer C in advance, and therefore it is possible to handle the various types of doors D. A simple door closer C can be easily manufactured.

  In addition, in the state where the door closer C is attached, it is possible to ensure the optimum self-closing speed of the door D when the door is closed. Further, even if the first speed adjustment valves 50 and 51 are erroneously adjusted for some reason, the movement speed of the hydraulic oil 7 defined in advance (adjusted by the second speed adjustment valves 52 and 53) is higher. Therefore, the door D is prevented from closing suddenly and is safe. Further, since it is possible to easily adjust the optimum self-closing speed of the door D when the door is closed, the burden on the operator can be reduced.

-Operation of door closer-
Next, operation | movement of the door closer C is demonstrated using FIG.1 and FIG.2.

  First, before the door closer body 2 is attached to the door D, the second speed adjusting valves 52 and 53 set the hydraulic oil 7 so as to set the speed at which the door D can be safely closed due to the size and weight of the door closer body 2. The diameter of the flow path through which is passed is adjusted. By this adjustment, the self-closing speed of the door D that is closed when the openings of the first speed adjusting valves 50 and 51 are opened to the maximum is defined. In the case of performing the adjustment, a predetermined tool is inserted from the outside into the rotating screw and rotated in a predetermined direction.

  Next, the door closer body 2 is attached to the door D, and the base to which the link mechanism connected to the door closer is attached is attached to the door frame. The diameter of the flow path through which the hydraulic oil 7 passes is adjusted. Specifically, a predetermined tool is inserted from the outside, and the rotation screw is rotated so that the self-closing speed of the door D at the time of closing is adjusted to an optimum speed.

  In the door closer C adjusted in this way, when the door D is opened (when the door D is opened), the piston 17 moves against the springs 11 and 12 in the left direction in the figure as the rotary shaft 23 rotates. Moving. By the movement of the piston 17, the hydraulic oil in the first chamber 5a moves to the second chamber 5b through the through hole 17a. At this time, the hydraulic oil 7 that has moved to the second chamber 5b is prevented from returning to the first chamber 5a by the one-way valve 19 provided in the through hole 17a.

  Next, after the door D is opened (when the door D is closed), the piston 17 moves rightward in the figure by the biasing force of the spring. At that time, the hydraulic oil 7 that has moved to the second chamber 5b passes through the second chamber-side communication channel 44, the first hydraulic oil channel 41, and the first chamber-side communication channel 45 shown in FIG. The piston 17 passes through the space portion of the cylinder 5 that communicates with the rotary shaft chamber 27 and the rotary shaft chamber 27, passes through the introduction passage 17 b formed in the piston 17, and is returned to the first chamber 5 a while moving in the right direction in the figure. Moving. At this time, the speed at which the door D moves (closes) is closed at a speed adjusted by the first speed adjustment valve 50 in advance.

  Further, when the piston 17 further moves rightward in the drawing by the biasing force of the spring, the piston 17 closes the opening of the first chamber side communication channel 44 as shown in FIG. At this time, the hydraulic oil 7 accommodated in the second chamber 5b passes through the second chamber side communication channel 46, the second hydraulic oil channel 42, and the first chamber side communication channel 47 shown in FIG. The piston 17 passes through the space portion of the cylinder 5 that communicates with the rotary shaft chamber 27 and the rotary shaft chamber 27, passes through the introduction passage 17 b formed in the piston 17, and is returned to the first chamber 5 a while moving in the right direction in the figure. Finally, the door D is automatically closed. At this time, the speed at which the door D moves (closes) is closed at a speed adjusted in advance by the first speed adjustment valve 51.

-Second Embodiment-
Next, another embodiment of the door closer will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the internal configuration of the door closer according to the second embodiment. The same parts as those in FIGS. 1 and 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  The first embodiment is different in that the self-closing speed of the door D is adjusted in two stages, whereas the present embodiment is different in that the self-closing speed of the door D is adjusted in one stage. It is. In the first embodiment, the second speed adjustment valve 52 is provided at a location where the first hydraulic fluid passage 41 and the first chamber side communication passage 45 communicate with each other. This is different in that the second speed regulating valve is provided in the introduction passage 17b. The introduction passage 17b functions as a through hole of the present application.

  Specifically, a hydraulic fluid passage 55 is formed in the housing 2 a in parallel along the axial direction of the cylinder 5. One end of the hydraulic oil passage 55 communicates with the outside of the right end portion of the housing 2a, and in the middle of the hydraulic oil passage 55, communication passages 56 and 57 communicate in a direction orthogonal to the hydraulic oil passage 55. Is formed. The communication flow paths 56 and 57 are provided on the second chamber side communication flow path 56 provided on the second chamber 5b side and on the first chamber 5a side on the center side of the second chamber side communication flow path 56. The first communication channel 57 is connected to the cylinder 5, and the first communication channel 57 is connected to the cylinder 5. The hydraulic oil flow passage 55 and the communication flow passages 56 and 57 are provided in the cylinder 5 so that the hydraulic oil 7 that has moved from the first chamber 5a side to the second chamber 5b side is transferred from the second chamber 5b side to the first. It is made to reflux to the chamber 5a side. The piston 17 is formed with an introduction passage 17b that guides the hydraulic oil 7 discharged from the first chamber side communication channels 45 and 47 to the first chamber 5a.

  In addition, a first speed adjustment valve 58 is disposed at a location where the hydraulic oil passage 55 and the second chamber side communication passage 56 communicate with each other. The first speed adjustment valve 58 closes one end that opens to the outside of the hydraulic oil passage 55. A second speed adjustment valve 59 is disposed in the introduction passage 17b.

  The first speed adjustment valve 58 is disposed at the right end portion of the housing 2a along the axial direction of the cylinder 5, and the end portion is provided in contact with the outside so that the adjustment screw can be rotated by a predetermined tool from the outside. It has become.

  On the other hand, the second speed adjustment valve 59 is provided inside the piston 17, and its adjustment screw can be adjusted from the outside of the piston 17. And the opening diameter of an opening part is adjusted and the flow volume of the hydraulic oil 7 which passes the introduction channel | path 17b is adjusted. Although the second speed adjustment valve 59 can be adjusted from the outside of the piston, the second speed adjustment valve 59 is provided inside the cylinder 17. Therefore, after assembling predetermined components, it is not possible to adjust the second speed adjustment valve 59 from the outside. It becomes impossible.

  The door closer C configured as described above cannot adjust the second speed adjustment valve 59 once the door closer main body is assembled. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the speed at which the door D is closed from becoming higher than necessary due to erroneous adjustment using the second speed adjustment valve 59 by the user or the like from the outside.

-Third embodiment-
Next, another embodiment of the door closer will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the internal configuration of the door closer according to the third embodiment. The same parts as those in FIG. 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  In the second embodiment, the second speed adjusting valve 59 is provided in the introduction passage 17b, whereas in the present embodiment, the diameter of the introduction passage 17b is processed (adjusted) to an optimum diameter in the assembly stage. Is different.

  Specifically, the introduction passage 17b is provided when the piston 17 is closed when the piston 17 is closed or closed due to the size and performance of the door closer body 2 or the weight and size of the door D to which the door closer body 2 is attached. The door D is machined to have a hole diameter defined so that the moving speed of the door D becomes an optimum speed. The introduction passage 17b functions as the control means of the present application.

  The door closer C configured in this way has a door movement speed that does not exceed a predetermined speed even if the opening of the first speed adjustment valve 58 is accidentally opened to the maximum. It is safe because dangers such as closing are prevented.

  In addition, this embodiment is one form, Comprising: It is not limited to this form, For example, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG.1 and FIG.2, in a 1st and 2nd hydraulic fluid flow path However, the two speed adjusting valves may be provided in at least one of the hydraulic fluid passages. In order to prevent the door from closing suddenly, it is preferable to provide two speed adjustment valves in the second hydraulic oil passage. This is because the speed of the door when it is finally closed is adjusted in the second hydraulic oil passage.

  Further, the door closer C can be applied to various commonly used door closers different from the door closer of the present embodiment.

It is sectional drawing which shows the internal structure of the door closer which concerns on 1st Embodiment, and the 1st hydraulic fluid flow path of the door closer. It is sectional drawing which shows the internal structure of the door closer which concerns on 1st Embodiment, and the 2nd hydraulic fluid flow path of the door closer. It is sectional drawing which shows the internal structure of the door closer which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the internal structure of the door closer which concerns on 3rd Embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

C Door closer D Door 5 Cylinder 5a First chamber 5b Second chamber 7 Hydraulic oil 11, 12 Spring 17 Piston 17a Communication hole 19 One-way valve 23 Rotating shaft 41 First hydraulic fluid passage 42 Second hydraulic fluid passage 50 , 51 First speed regulating valve 52, 53 Second speed regulating valve

Claims (3)

A rotating shaft that rotates according to the opening and closing operation of the door;
The cylinder is filled with hydraulic oil so as to be movable in accordance with the rotation of the rotary shaft, and the cylinder is divided into a first chamber and a second chamber, and the second chamber is separated from the first chamber when the door is opened. A piston having a communication hole provided with a one-way valve that allows the hydraulic oil to pass through the chamber;
A spring compressed by the piston when the door is opened;
A flow path for returning the hydraulic oil in the second chamber to the first chamber along with a piston that moves by the biasing force of the spring when the door is closed;
An adjustment valve capable of adjusting the flow rate of hydraulic oil flowing in the flow path from the outside;
In the door closer for controlling the self-closing speed of the door comprising:
Before the door closer is attached to the door, the flow path is provided with a control means for adjusting the flow rate of the hydraulic oil defined in advance so that the control means cannot be adjusted after the door closer is attached to the door. A featured door closer.   The control means includes an adjustment unit for adjusting the flow rate of the hydraulic oil in the flow path from the outside, and the adjustment unit is disposed facing and close to the door in a state where the door closer is attached to the door. The door closer according to claim 1, wherein the door closer is provided. The piston has a through hole that functions as a part of the flow path,
2. The door closer according to claim 1, wherein the control unit is provided in the piston and adjusts a flow rate of the hydraulic oil passing through the through hole.

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