JP2008291585A - Segment assembly error measuring device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a segment assembly error measuring device wherein a distance sensor can be moved near an existing segment up to a desired position to improve measuring accuracy, request for reforming the device on the side of a shield machine is not necessary to suppress a cost increase, and the distance sensor is easy to replace when troubled and broken. <P>SOLUTION: The device is provided for measuring an assembling error of the segment 2 which is assembled in a shield frame 1 of the shield machine into a ring shape by an erector 3. The device comprises a segment grip 7 provided on the erector 3 movably in the peripheral, radial and axial directions of a tunnel for gripping the segment 2 when assembling the gripped segment 2 into a ring shape, and the distance sensor 30 detachably mounted on the segment grip 7 instead of the segment 2 for measuring a distance to the inner peripheral face of the segment 2 after assembled. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus for measuring an assembly error of a segment assembled in a ring shape by an erector of a shield machine.

  The shield machine includes a cylindrical shield frame, a cutter disposed at the front of the shield frame, a soil removal device that takes in the earth and sand cut by the cutter into the rear of the partition wall, and a segment to the shield frame. An erector provided in the shield frame for assembling in a ring shape along the inner peripheral surface, and a shield jack attached to the shield frame in a plurality to take the reaction force against the segments assembled in the ring shape and advance the shield frame It has.

  This shield machine extends the shield jack, presses the cutter against the face, cuts the face with the cutter, takes the excavated earth and sand behind the bulkhead in the shield frame by a soil removal device (screw conveyor, etc.) The frame is moved forward (excavated) according to the extension stroke of the shield jack, and after dredging, the shield jack is contracted to form a space between the existing segment and the shield jack, and the segment is assembled in a ring shape by an elector in that space. To build a tunnel.

  The assembly error of the segments assembled in a ring shape by the erector is measured by the segment roundness measuring device. As a segment roundness measuring device, it measures the distance to the inner peripheral surface of a segment (existing segment) assembled in a ring shape on the swivel frame (annular frame swiveling around the axis of the cylindrical shield frame) A distance sensor (light wave or sound wave type) provided (Patent Document 1), extending a support frame from the erector along the central axis of the cylindrical shield frame to the inner peripheral surface of the existing segment on the support frame (Patent Documents 2 and 3) are known which are provided with a distance sensor for measuring the distance.

JP-A-2-274998 Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-36600 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6-30300

  In the type in which the distance sensor is provided in the swivel frame of the erector, it is difficult to increase the measurement accuracy because the distance from the swivel frame to the inner peripheral surface of the existing segment is more than a certain distance. Further, a modification for mounting the distance sensor on the swivel frame of the erector must be made, resulting in an increase in cost.

  In the type in which the support frame is provided separately from the erector and the distance sensor is provided on the support frame, the support frame is mounted on the shield machine, so the cost is unavoidable. Moreover, since a support frame protrudes behind an erector, the axial length of a shield machine becomes long and becomes disadvantageous on curve construction.

  In any type, since the distance sensor is fixed to the turning frame or the support frame, it is difficult to replace or repair the distance sensor when the distance sensor fails or is damaged.

  The object of the present invention created in view of the above circumstances is to increase the measurement accuracy by bringing the distance sensor closer to a desired position with respect to the existing segment, and it is not necessary to modify the apparatus on the shield machine side. An object of the present invention is to provide a segment assembly error measuring device that can suppress an increase in cost, is advantageous in curve construction because the shaft length of a shield machine is not long, and can be easily replaced when a distance sensor fails or breaks.

  To achieve the above object, the present invention is an apparatus for measuring an assembly error of a segment assembled in a ring shape by an elector inside a cylindrical shield frame that forms the outer shell of a shield machine, Electa is equipped with a segment gripper that can move in the circumferential direction, radial direction, and axial direction of the tunnel to grip the segment and assemble the gripped segment into a ring shape. And a distance sensor that is detachably mounted and measures a distance to the inner peripheral surface of the assembled segment.

  The distance sensor includes a gripped portion gripped by the segment gripping portion, and a sensor main body that emits light waves or sound waves toward the inner peripheral surface of the segment that is attached to the gripped portion and assembled. The gripped portion has a positioning portion that makes the light wave or sound wave emission axis of the sensor body perpendicular to the inner peripheral surface of the assembled segment when the gripped portion is gripped by the segment gripping portion. Is preferred.

  The above erector includes a swivel frame that rotates in the tunnel circumferential direction, a suspension beam that is provided on the swivel frame so as to be movable in the tunnel radial direction, and a slide frame that is provided on the suspension beam so as to be movable in the tunnel axis direction. It is preferable that the above-mentioned segment gripping part is provided on the slide frame.

  According to the segment assembly error measuring apparatus according to the present invention, it is possible to increase the measurement accuracy by bringing the distance sensor close to a desired position with respect to the existing segment, and it is not necessary to modify the apparatus on the shield machine and increase the cost. It is advantageous for curve construction because the shaft length of the shield machine is not long, and replacement is easy when the distance sensor is broken or damaged.

  A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, a segment 2 is formed in a ring shape along the inner peripheral surface of the shield frame 1 inside the cylindrical shield frame 1 that forms the outer shell of the shield machine. An erector (segment assembling apparatus) 3 for assembling is provided.

  The erector 3 includes a revolving frame 4 that rotates in the tunnel circumferential direction around the axis of the shield frame 1, a suspension beam 5 that is provided on the revolving frame 4 so as to be movable in the tunnel radial direction, and a suspension beam 5 that extends in the tunnel axial direction. And a segment gripping portion 7 for gripping and releasing the segment 2 provided on the slide mount 6.

  The swivel frame 4 is formed in an annular shape, and is rotatably supported by a support roller 9 that is pivotally supported by a ring girder 8 provided on the inner peripheral surface of the shield frame 1. The revolving frame 4 has a drive gear 10 at the front portion in the axial direction, and is driven to rotate by engaging a pinion of a motor (not shown) with the drive gear 10. The ring girder 8 is provided with a shield jack 51 that advances the shield frame 1 by taking a reaction force on the segment 2 after being assembled in a ring shape.

  A pair of support frames 11 arranged at intervals of 180 degrees are provided at the rear part in the axial direction of the turning frame 4 so as to extend rearward in the axial direction. A suspension beam 5 is attached to the support frame 11 so as to be movable in the tunnel radial direction. The suspension beam 5 is formed in a U shape from a guide column 13 inserted through a cylindrical guide tube 12 provided in each support frame 11 and a connecting portion 14 connecting the ends of the guide columns 13. It is moved in the tunnel radial direction by a jack 15 interposed between the connecting portion 14 and the guide tube 12.

  A sliding frame 6 is attached to the connecting portion 14 of the hanging beam 5 so as to be movable in the tunnel axis direction. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a pair of guide columns 16 extending in the tunnel axis direction are provided at the connecting portion 14 of the suspension beam 5 at intervals in the tunnel width direction. 6 is provided with a cylindrical guide cylinder 17 inserted through each guide column 16. Between the guide cylinder 17 of the slide base 6 and the connecting portion 14 of the suspension beam 5, a jack 18 for moving the slide base 6 along the guide column 16 in the tunnel axis direction is interposed.

  A segment gripping portion 7 is provided on the slide base 6. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the segment gripping portion 7 has a pair of gripping claws 19 that are moved close to and away from each other in the tunnel width direction. The gripping claw 19 is moved close to and away by an actuator (not shown) such as a jack, and as shown in FIG. 7, a gripping hardware (grip pin) screwed into the center (for example, the center of gravity) of the inner peripheral surface of the segment 2. 20 is held.

  As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 5A, the abutment surface of the gripping claw 19 has a guide portion 21 formed obliquely with respect to the tunnel axis direction, and is connected to the guide portion 21 along the tunnel axis direction. The formed straight part 22, the arc part 23 connected to the end part of the straight part 22, formed in an arc shape and sandwiching the gripping pin 20 of the segment 2, and the abutting part formed connected to the arc part 23 and abutted against each other 24 are formed.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the grip pin 20 attached to the segment 2 includes a screw portion that is screwed into a screw hole formed at the center of the segment 2, a column portion 25 that is connected to the screw portion, and a cylinder. And a flange portion 26 formed to be connected to the portion 25. The cylindrical portion 25 of the grip pin 20 is clamped by the arc portion 23 of the grip claw 19, and the flange portion 26 of the grip pin 20 is mounted on the mounting surface 28 of the step portion 27 formed inside the grip claw 19. The The grip pin 20 is attached to and detached from the segment 2 by screwing and releasing the threaded portion with respect to the screw hole of the segment.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a pair of support jacks 29 are disposed on the slide base 6 at intervals in the tunnel width direction with the gripping claws 19 of the segment gripping part 7 as the center. The support jack 29 is extended with the gripping claw 19 gripping the gripping pin 20 of the segment 2, and the flange portion 26 of the gripping pin 20 is pressed against the mounting surface 28 of the stepped portion 27 formed inside the gripping claw 19. This is a pressing mechanism for firmly supporting the segment 2 without rattling.

  As shown in FIGS. 1A, 1B, and 2, the segment assembly error measuring apparatus according to this embodiment is assembled in a ring shape on the gripping claws 19 of the segment gripping portion 7 described above. A distance sensor 30 for measuring the distance to the inner peripheral surface of the segment 2 (existing segment) after being attached is detachably attached instead of the segment 2. That is, this segment assembly error measuring device is a distance sensor that is detachably attached to the segment gripping portion 7 and the segment gripping portion 7 instead of the segment 2 and measures the distance to the inner peripheral surface of the existing segment 2 30.

  The segment gripping part 7 grips the gripping pin 20 of the segment 2 by its gripping claws 19 and is rotated in the circumferential direction of the tunnel by rotating the swivel frame 4 in order to assemble the gripped segment 2 into a ring shape. 4 is moved in the tunnel radial direction by moving the suspension beam 5 with respect to 4, and moved in the tunnel axis direction by moving the slide base 6 with respect to the suspension beam 5, as already described. Therefore, the distance sensor 30 will be described below.

  As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the distance sensor 30 is gripped by the gripping claws 19 of the segment gripping unit 7 instead of the gripping pins 20 of the segment 2. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the distance sensor 30 includes a gripped portion 31 gripped by the gripping claws 19 of the segment gripping portion 7, and an inner peripheral surface of the existing segment 2 attached to the gripped portion 31. And a sensor body 32 that measures a distance by emitting a light wave or a sound wave and capturing the reflected wave.

  The gripped portion 31 of the distance sensor 30 includes a cylindrical portion 33 formed to have the same outer diameter as the gripping pin 20 of the segment 2, and a mounting surface 28 of the stepped portion 27 of the gripping claw 19 provided on the upper portion of the cylindrical portion 33. A flange portion 34 to be placed, a screw portion 35 formed at a lower portion of the side surface of the cylindrical portion 33, and a nut (with a seat) pressed against the pressing surface 36 on the lower surface of the gripping claw 19 by being screwed and screwed into the screw portion 35. Nut) 37. Both the pressing surface 28 and the mounting surface 36 of the gripping claw 19 are formed to be parallel to the tangential direction of the shield frame 1 and orthogonal to the ring-cut surface of the shield frame 1. Therefore, when the nut 37 is screwed into the screw portion 35 and the nut 37 is pressed against the pressing surface 36 of the gripping claw 19 and the flange portion 34 is pressed against the mounting surface 28 of the stepped portion 27, the gripped portion 31 becomes a cylindrical portion. In a posture in which the axial direction of 33 is along the radial direction of the shield frame 1, the gripping claws 19 are firmly held without shaking.

  A screw hole is formed in the axial direction at the center of the flange portion 34 of the gripped portion 31, and a screw rod 38 attached to the sensor body 32 is screwed vertically into the screw hole, and is fixed by a fixing nut 39. It is fixed. The sensor main body 32 emits a light wave or a sound wave along the axial direction from the tip of the screw rod 38, and the emission axis coincides with the central axis of the cylindrical portion 33. Therefore, as described above, by holding the gripped portion 31 firmly on the gripping claws 19 in a posture in which the axial direction of the cylindrical portion 33 is along the radial direction of the shield frame 1, The sound wave emission axis is a direction along the radial direction of the shield frame 1, that is, a direction orthogonal to the inner peripheral surface of the existing segment 2. The screw portion 35, nut 37, and flange portion 34 provided in the gripped portion 31 are already provided with a light wave or sound wave emission shaft emitted from the sensor main body 32 when the gripped portion 31 is gripped by the gripping claws 19. A positioning portion defined in a direction orthogonal to the inner peripheral surface of the segment 2 is configured.

  The diameter of the cylindrical portion 33 of the gripped portion 31 is matched with the diameter of the arc portion 23 formed on the abutting surface of the gripping claw 19 shown in FIG. 5A, and the cylindrical portion 33 is gripped by the gripping claw 19. The position of the cylindrical portion 33 relative to the gripping claw 19 is determined. Further, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), the flange portion 34 of the gripped portion 31 has a pair of cutout portions 41 formed in parallel to engage with the vertical surface 40 of the stepped portion 27 of the gripping claw 19. When the nut 37 shown in FIG. 4 is screwed into the screw portion 35, the screw portion 35 does not rotate together. A protective cylinder 42 for protecting the sensor main body 32 is mounted on the upper portion of the flange portion 34 of the gripped portion 31.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the sliding mount 6 of the erector 3 is provided with a sensor storage portion 43 for attaching and detaching the distance sensor 30. The sensor storage portion 43 is provided at a position that does not interfere with the segment 2 when the segment 2 is gripped by the grip claw 19. In this embodiment, the upper surface of the slide base 6 (the surface on which the grip claw 19 is attached). However, it is not limited to this place. The sensor storage unit 43 is provided with a pair of support plates 44 arranged in accordance with the distance between the placement surface 28 and the pressing surface 36 of the gripping claw 19 shown in FIG. A mounting groove formed in accordance with the diameter of 30 cylindrical portions 33 is formed.

  The distance sensor 30 is detachably attached to the sensor storage unit 43 as follows. That is, by screwing the nut 37 with the cylindrical portion 33 of the distance sensor 30 fitted in the mounting groove of the support plate 44, the nut 37 is pressed against the lower support plate 44 in FIG. The distance sensor 30 is supported by the support plate 44 by being pressed against the upper support plate 44 of FIG. Since the hole 45 is formed in the flange portion 34 of the distance sensor 30 as shown in FIG. 5B, a screw hole provided in the support plate 44 in FIG. The distance sensor 30 may be held on the support plate 44 by being screwed into the support plate 44.

  The operation of this embodiment will be described.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the segment gripping portion 7 of the erector 3 grips the segment 2, and the segment 2 is assembled in a ring shape along the inner peripheral surface of the shield frame 1. The distance sensor 30 is removed from the sensor storage portion 43 shown in FIG. 1, and the distance sensor 30 is gripped by the gripping claws 19 of the segment gripping portion 7 of the elector 3 as shown in FIGS. 1 (a), 1 (b), and 2. .

  Thereafter, the suspension beam 5 is moved outward in the tunnel radial direction, and the distance between the gripped distance sensor 30 and the inner peripheral surface of the existing segment 2 is brought close to a distance that the distance sensor 30 can accurately measure the distance. Further, the sliding frame 6 is moved in the tunnel axis direction, and the position of the distance sensor 30 with respect to the inner peripheral surface of the existing segment 2 is adjusted in the tunnel axis direction. The position is directed to a flat (smooth) portion suitable for reflection on the inner peripheral surface of the existing segment 2 without interfering with the existing segment 2.

  After the above preparation is completed, the distance to the inner peripheral surface of the existing segment 2 is set at a plurality of positions with intervals in the circumferential direction of the tunnel by the gripping distance sensor 30 while rotating the turning ring 4 in the circumferential direction of the tunnel. measure. When the distance sensor 30 measures the distance, the rotation of the turning ring 4 may be stopped. Based on the measurement result, the roundness of the existing segment 2 is obtained, and the assembly error of the segment 2 can be obtained. Of course, the rotation angle of the turning frame 4 (the rotation angle when the distance is measured by the distance sensor 30) is detected by a rotation angle sensor (not shown).

  According to the present embodiment, since the distance sensor 30 is gripped by the segment gripping portion 7 of the erector 3 instead of the segment 2, the distance sensor 30 can be brought close to a desired position with respect to the existing segment 2, Measurement accuracy can be increased.

  Further, since the light wave or sound wave emission axis emitted from the distance sensor 30 is in a direction perpendicular to the inner peripheral surface of the existing segment 2, the light wave or sound wave reflected wave accurately returns to the distance sensor 30. As a result, measurement accuracy is improved.

  Further, since the distance sensor 30 is not fixed to the turning frame 4 of the erector 3, but is detachable from the segment gripping part 7 of the erector 3, no modification on the erector 3 side is required, and the shield machine Cost increase can be suppressed.

  Further, since the distance sensor 30 is detachably attached to the segment gripping portion 7, it can be easily replaced when the distance sensor 30 breaks down or is damaged. At this time, the sensor body 32 shown in FIG. 4 is removed by the gripped portion 31 so that only the sensor body 32 can be replaced.

  Further, since the distance sensor 30 is detachably attached to the segment gripping portion 7, the installation of the distance sensor 30 does not increase the machine length (axial length) of the shield machine and does not cause a disadvantage in curve construction. .

  For the segment 2 of the above embodiment, the concrete segment 2 having basically no irregularities on the inner peripheral surface was used. However, as shown in FIG. 8, steel having irregularities formed on the inner peripheral surface by reinforcing ribs 46 and the like. Segment 2X may be used. The steel segment 2X includes a bottom plate portion 47 formed in an arc shape, an inter-piece flange 48 that connects adjacent ones in the tunnel circumferential direction, an inter-ring flange 49 that connects adjacent ones in the tunnel axial direction, and reinforcement And ribs 46.

  In the case of such a steel segment 2X, the rotational angle of the swivel frame 4 is controlled, and the position in the tunnel circumferential direction of the distance sensor 30 gripped by the segment gripping portion 7 is set as the position facing the flange between pieces 48. Measure the distance to the top surface. Alternatively, the position of the distance sensor 30 in the tunnel axial direction is controlled to move the sliding mount 6 in the tunnel axial direction, so that the position facing the top surface of the inter-ring flange 49 is reached to the top surface of the inter-ring flange 49. A plurality of distances may be measured at intervals in the circumferential direction.

  FIG. 9 shows the application of the present invention to a modified cross-section tunnel (for example, an elliptical tunnel).

  In the case of a modified cross-section tunnel, the swivel frame 4 is rotated in the circumferential direction of the tunnel and the suspension beam 5 is moved in the tunnel radial direction in accordance with the rotation. A base trajectory 50 in which a line (an assembly target line of the segment 2Y: for example, an elliptical line) is reduced is drawn, and the inner circumference of the existing segment 2Y is detected by the distance sensor 30 gripped by the segment gripping portion 7 in the middle of the base trajectory 50 By measuring the distance to the surface and adding the moving amount in the tunnel radial direction of the suspension beam 5 with respect to the swivel frame 4 to the measured value, how much the existing segment 2Y is deviated from the normal assembly position, that is, the segment 2Y Assembly error can be measured.

  Even in this case, since the distance sensor 30 is measured in a state of being close to the inner peripheral surface of the existing segment 2Y, the measurement accuracy is high. Of course, a movement amount sensor for detecting the movement amount of the suspension beam 5 with respect to the turning frame 4 in the tunnel radial direction is provided.

  In each of the above-described embodiments, the segment gripping portion 7 includes a pair of gripping claws 19, grips the gripping pins 20 screwed into the segment 2 by the gripping claws 19, and supports the segment 2 by the support jack 29. Although the type of holding without play has been described, the present invention is not limited to such a segment gripping portion 7.

  For example, the segment gripping portion 7 has a member (bolt or the like) that is inserted into a mounting hole formed in a metal fitting attached to the inner peripheral surface of the segment 2, and that member is inserted into the fitting hole of the metal fitting. Then, it may be a type in which the segment 2 is fixed by a fixing tool (nut or the like) and the segment 2 is held without play by the support jack 29.

It is explanatory drawing of the assembly error measuring apparatus of the segment which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, (a) is a side view, (b) is a rear view. It is the elements on larger scale of FIG.1 (b). It is a top view of the segment holding part of FIG. It is the elements on larger scale of the segment holding part of FIG. It is the elements on larger scale of the grip nail of the segment grip part of Drawing 3, (a) is before grasping and (b) is the figure after grasping. It is explanatory drawing which shows a mode that the segment was hold | gripped by the erector, (a) is a side view, (b) is a rear view. It is the elements on larger scale of FIG.1 (b). It is explanatory drawing which shows the deformation | transformation embodiment of this invention, and applies this invention to the steel segments. It is explanatory drawing which shows another deformation | transformation embodiment of this invention, and applies this invention to a deformed cross section tunnel.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shield frame 2 Segment 3 Elector 4 Rotating frame 5 Hanging beam 6 Sliding mount 7 Segment gripping part 30 Distance sensor 31 Grip part 32 Sensor body 34 Flange part constituting positioning part 35 Screw part constituting positioning part 37 Positioning part Make up nuts

Claims (3)

A device for measuring an assembly error of a segment assembled in a ring shape by an erector inside a cylindrical shield frame that forms the outer shell of a shield machine,
A segment gripping part that is provided in the above-mentioned erector and is movable in the circumferential direction, radial direction and axial direction of the tunnel in order to grip the segment and assemble the gripped segment into a ring shape;
A segment assembly error measuring apparatus, comprising: a distance sensor that is detachably attached to the segment gripping unit instead of the segment and measures a distance to the inner peripheral surface of the assembled segment. The distance sensor has a gripped part gripped by the segment gripping part, and a sensor main body that emits light waves or sound waves toward the inner peripheral surface of the segment that is attached to the gripped part and assembled,
The gripped portion includes a positioning portion that, when the gripped portion is gripped by the segment gripping portion, sets a light wave or sound wave emission axis of the sensor body to a direction perpendicular to the inner peripheral surface of the assembled segment. The segment assembly error measuring device according to claim 1. The above erector includes a swivel frame that rotates in the tunnel circumferential direction, a suspension beam that is provided on the swivel frame so as to be movable in the tunnel radial direction, and a slide frame that is provided on the suspension beam so as to be movable in the tunnel axis direction. With
The segment assembly error measurement device according to claim 1, wherein the segment gripping portion is provided on the slide frame.

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