JP2008279314A - Crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a crusher which can adjust the tension of an endless belt for driving a crusher automatically and appropriately. <P>SOLUTION: This crusher includes a crusher drive circuit A for supplying a hydraulic fluid to a crusher drive motor 12 and controlling the supply, and a tension retaining circuit B which is constituted in the way that a belt tension is always retained as specified by reducing a high pressure of the crusher drive circuit A and guiding the reduced pressure to a tension imparting cylinder 26. The tension retaining circuit B adjusts the pressure so as not to allow a cylinder urging pressure to increase beyond a specified pressure level with the arrangement of an overload relieve valve 30. Further, an accumulator 32 is arranged so that the cylinder urging pressure does not fall from the specified pressure level. A pressure sensor 33 is arranged in a connection passage for the accumulator 32 and this pressure sensor 33 is connected with the input part of a controller 35. The output part of the controller 35 is connected with a solenoid switching valve 21 and an alarm 36. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a crushing device for crushing rocks and concrete.

  Fig. 4 shows the structure of the self-propelled crusher. In FIG. 4, a power unit 2 composed of an engine, a hydraulic pump, a control valve, and the like, and a crusher 3 for crushing rocks, concrete, or the like, that is, an object W to be crushed, are mounted on the lower traveling body 1. . The crusher 3 is driven by an eccentric cam and vibrates.

  On the opposite side of the power unit 2 with respect to the crusher 3, a hopper 4 that stores the object W to be crushed and a vibration feeder 5 that supplies glass to the crusher 3 are installed. On the lower side of the vibration feeder 5, there is provided a side conveyor 6 that discharges a gap such as earth and sand sieved by the vibration feeder 5.

  Under the crusher 3, a main conveyor 7 for discharging the glass crushed by the crusher 3 is provided. A magnetic separator 8 for removing metals such as reinforcing bars from the glass discharged from the main conveyor 7 is installed in the vicinity of the power unit 2.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the drive mechanism 9 of the crusher 3 has one end of a V-shaped endless belt 10 wound around a flywheel 3d provided on an eccentric cam 3c. As shown in FIG. 6, the pulley 11 is disposed coaxially with the crusher drive motor 12 and is connected to the motor output shaft. The crusher drive motor 12 is attached to a bearing 13, which has a pair of brackets 14a and 14b (hereinafter referred to as 14) projecting on one side and a pair of brackets 15a projecting on the other side. , 15b (hereinafter referred to as 15).

  As shown in FIG. 5, one bracket 14 is rotatably supported by a pin 16 on a support 16 provided in the crusher 3, and the other bracket 15 is used to adjust the belt tension of the endless belt 10. One end of the turnbuckle 17 is rotatably connected by a pin, and the other end of the turnbuckle 17 is rotatably connected to the support 16 by a pin. The bearing 13 is supported by one bracket 14 on a support 16 with a pin. The turnbuckle 17 has one end coupled to the other bracket 15 of the bearing 13 with a pin and the other end coupled to the support 16 with a pin.

  As shown in FIG. 7, when the central nut 37 is tightened, the turnbuckle 17 has positive screws and reverse screws 38a and 38b at both ends screwed inward, and when the central nut 37 is loosened, the positive screw And the reverse screws 38a and 38b are structured to move outward. Therefore, when the nut 37 at the center of the turnbuckle 17 is tightened, the pulley 11 can be moved and adjusted in the direction in which the endless belt 10 is stretched.

As described above, conventionally, the pulley 11 is moved by the turnbuckle 17 to adjust the tension of the endless belt 10 for driving the crusher (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
JP-A-8-261302 (page 3, FIG. 1-3)

  With the turnbuckle 17 that adjusts the tension of the endless belt 10 that drives the conventional crusher 3, the belt tension decreases due to wear and deformation of the endless belt 10, so it is difficult to keep the belt tension constant. It is necessary to manually adjust the belt tension by tightening the nut 37 at the center of the turnbuckle 17.

  Further, the belt tension adjustment by the turnbuckle 17 at that time largely depends on the experience of the operator, and it is difficult to set the belt tension appropriately.

  The present invention has been made in view of these points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a crushing apparatus that can automatically and appropriately adjust the tension of an endless belt that drives a crusher.

  The invention described in claim 1 includes a crusher for crushing an object to be crushed and a drive mechanism for driving the crusher. The drive mechanism includes a crusher drive motor, a pulley driven by the crusher drive motor, and a pulley. And an endless belt that transmits power to the crusher, a fluid pressure cylinder that urges the pulley in a direction in which tension is applied to the endless belt, and a pressure adjustment valve that adjusts the urging pressure of the fluid pressure cylinder. It is a crushing device.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the crushing apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, the crushing device includes an electromagnetic switching valve that expands and contracts the fluid pressure cylinder by operating a switch.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the crusher drive motor of the drive mechanism in the crushing apparatus according to the first or second aspect is a fluid pressure motor, and a crusher drive circuit that supplies and controls the working fluid to the crusher drive motor; And a tension holding circuit for guiding the pressure of the crusher drive circuit to the fluid pressure cylinder and accumulating the pressure with an accumulator.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the crushing apparatus according to any one of the first to third aspects, the pressure detector that detects the biasing pressure of the fluid pressure cylinder, and the biasing pressure detected by the pressure detector are And a controller that stops the drive mechanism of the crusher when it drops abnormally.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the crushing apparatus according to the fourth aspect, when the urging pressure detected by the pressure detector is abnormally reduced, the alarm is activated by a signal from the controller. It is equipped with a vessel.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the tension of the endless belt is adjusted by adjusting the biasing pressure of the fluid pressure cylinder that applies tension to the endless belt of the driving mechanism for driving the crusher via the pulley by the pressure adjusting valve. Therefore, the tension of the endless belt that drives the crusher can be set automatically and appropriately with the pressure value.

  According to the second aspect of the invention, when exchanging the endless belt, the fluid pressure cylinder can be expanded and contracted by a simple changeover switch operation of the electromagnetic switching valve, so that the belt can be easily replaced. .

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, the constant urging pressure led from the crusher driving circuit and accumulated by the accumulator is applied to the fluid pressure cylinder for urging the pulley. It can be kept constant and stable.

  According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, even when the urging pressure of the fluid pressure cylinder is abnormally decreased, the controller that detects the decrease in the cylinder urging pressure by the pressure detector automatically stops the drive mechanism of the crusher. Therefore, it is possible to prevent continuation of operation in a power transmission failure state due to a decrease in cylinder urging pressure.

  According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, even when the urging pressure of the fluid pressure cylinder is abnormally decreased, an alarm is output from the alarm device, so that it is possible to quickly cope with power transmission failure due to a decrease in the cylinder urging pressure. .

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to an embodiment shown in FIGS. Note that the self-propelled crusher shown in FIG. 4 is a premise in the description of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the crusher 3 for crushing the object to be crushed W has a fixed plate 3a and a movable plate 3b arranged in a V shape, and the movable plate 3b is moved forward and backward with respect to the fixed plate 3a by an eccentric cam 3c. It is swung in the direction of movement. As shown in FIG. 3, flywheels 3d are integrally provided at the left and right shaft ends of the eccentric cam 3c.

  One flywheel 3d also serves as a V-shaped pulley, and the flywheel 3d is provided with a drive mechanism 9 for driving the crusher 3, and the eccentric cam 3c is rotationally driven by the drive mechanism 9. As shown in FIG. 2, the object W to be crushed from between the upper openings is crushed by the movement of the movable plate 3b with respect to the fixed plate 3a, and the crushed pieces are divided into the fixed plate 3a and the movable plate 3b. And is dropped from between the lower opening.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the drive mechanism 9 has one end of a V-type endless belt 10 for transmitting power wound around a flywheel 3d of the crusher 3, and the other endless belt 10 is a V-type pulley. As shown in FIG. 3, the pulley 11 is arranged coaxially with the crusher drive motor 12, is connected to the motor output shaft, and is driven by the crusher drive motor 12. The crusher drive motor 12 is a hydraulic motor as a fluid pressure motor attached to the bearing 13. The bearing 13 includes a pair of brackets 14a and 14b (hereinafter referred to as 14) projecting from one side and a pair of brackets 15a and 15b (hereinafter referred to as 15) projecting from the other side. Yes.

  As shown in FIG. 2, one bracket 14 of the bearing 13 is rotatably connected to a support 16 provided in the crusher 3 by a pin, and a tension is applied to the endless belt 10 to the other bracket 15. The rod side end of a tension applying cylinder 26 as a fluid pressure cylinder that urges the pulley 11 is rotatably coupled by a pin, and the head side end of the tension applying cylinder 26 is pivotable to the support 16 by a pin. It is connected to. In short, instead of the conventional turnbuckle 17 (FIGS. 5-7), a tension applying cylinder 26 is installed.

  FIG. 1 shows a crusher drive circuit A that supplies and controls hydraulic oil to the crusher drive motor 12 and the high pressure of the crusher drive circuit A is guided to a tension applying cylinder 26 so that the belt tension can always be kept constant. The tension holding circuit B is shown.

  The power unit 2 mounted on the lower traveling body 1 includes a hydraulic pump 19 as a fluid pressure pump for driving a crusher operated by an engine 18, and a hydraulic pump 20 as a fluid pressure pump for expanding and contracting a tension applying cylinder 26. It has.

  In the crusher drive circuit A, an electromagnetic switching valve 21 for controlling the operating pressure oil supplied to the crusher drive motor 12 and a main relief valve 22 for pressure setting are connected to the discharge passage of the hydraulic pump 19. . The circuit between the electromagnetic switching valve 21 and the crusher drive motor 12 includes a crossover relief valve 23a, 23b, a check valve 24 for preventing vacuum, and a shuttle valve 25 for extracting circuit pressure from the crusher drive circuit A. Is provided.

  In the passage for supplying hydraulic oil from the hydraulic pump 20 to the tension applying cylinder 26, an electromagnetic switching valve 27 for controlling the operation of the tension applying cylinder 26 is provided, and pressure adjustment is performed between the hydraulic pump 20 and the oil tank 34. A relief valve 28 is provided as a valve.

  The electromagnetic switching valve 27 can be switched to the chamber a on the one side and the chamber b on the other side by exciting the solenoids provided on the one side and the other side by the changeover switch operation. By de-energizing the solenoid, it is possible to switch to the central chamber c, and by switching these, the tension applying cylinder 26 can be expanded and contracted and stopped.

  The tension holding circuit B is provided with a pilot check valve 29 for holding pressure in a passage connected to the rod side of the tension applying cylinder 26, and between the pilot check valve 29 and the rod side of the tension applying cylinder 26. The passage is branched and connected to the oil tank 34 via an overload relief valve 30 as a pressure regulating valve. The overload relief valve 30 adjusts the urging pressure of the tension applying cylinder 26 during the crusher operation.

  Further, the tension holding circuit B keeps the high pressure of the crusher driving circuit A constant in the communication passage 31a that supplies hydraulic oil taken out from the crusher driving circuit A through the shuttle valve 25 to the rod side of the tension applying cylinder 26. A pressure reducing valve 31 for reducing the pressure is provided, and an accumulator 32 for accumulating and holding an urging pressure acting on the tension applying cylinder 26 in a passage between the pilot check valve 29 and the rod side of the tension applying cylinder 26. Is connected.

  In the connection passage of the accumulator 32, there is provided a pressure sensor 33 as a pressure detector for detecting the biasing pressure acting on the rod side of the tension applying cylinder 26, and this pressure sensor 33 is connected to the input portion of the controller 35. The output unit of the controller 35 is connected to the solenoid of the electromagnetic switching valve 21 and an alarm device 36 such as a buzzer.

  The controller 35 outputs a crusher stop signal for controlling the electromagnetic switching valve 21 to the neutral position and stopping the drive mechanism 9 of the crusher 3 when the cylinder biasing pressure detected by the pressure sensor 33 is abnormally lowered. At the same time, an alarm activation signal for activating the alarm 36 is output.

  Next, the operation relating to the drive mechanism 9 of the crusher 3 will be described with reference to FIG.

(1) Initial belt tension adjustment When the endless belt 10 is replaced, the belt tension is adjusted by switching the electromagnetic switching valve 27 to the chamber b and extending the tension applying cylinder 26 with the hydraulic oil supplied from the hydraulic pump 20. Loosen and remove endless belt 10. At this time, the pilot check valve 29 is opened by the operating pressure supplied to the head side of the tension applying cylinder 26. After the new endless belt 10 is mounted, the electromagnetic switching valve 27 is switched to the chamber a, and the tension applying cylinder 26 is contracted so that the endless belt 10 is stretched. At this time, the pressure of the relief valve 28 is set so that a predetermined belt tension is obtained.

(2) During the crusher operation During the crusher operation, the electromagnetic switching valve 27 is switched to the central chamber c, and the hydraulic oil supply from the hydraulic pump 20 is interrupted halfway. The tension applying cylinder 26 is always supplied with pressure oil from the crusher driving circuit A through the shuttle valve 25, the pressure reducing valve 31 and the pilot check valve 29, and is accumulated in the accumulator 32. Therefore, even if there is a leak from the tension applying cylinder 26 or another valve, the urging pressure by the tension applying cylinder 26 can always be maintained at a predetermined pressure set by the overload relief valve 30. That is, after the pressure of the crusher driving circuit A is reduced by the pressure reducing valve 31 to a pressure higher than the cylinder energizing pressure with a margin, the cylinder energizing pressure is increased by a constant pressure by the overload relief valve 30 of the tension holding circuit B. The pressure is adjusted so as not to rise, and the cylinder biasing pressure is adjusted by the accumulator 32 of the tension holding circuit B so that the cylinder biasing pressure does not drop below a certain pressure, whereby a predetermined cylinder biasing pressure is guided to the tension applying cylinder 26. .

(3) When the pressure drops If the pressure in the tensioning cylinder 26 drops abnormally due to a broken pipe, the pressure is detected by the pressure sensor 33, an alarm signal is output from the controller 35, and a buzzer, etc. The alarm 36 is sounded to warn the operator, and the electromagnetic switching valve 21 is returned to neutral by the output of the controller 35, and the crusher 3 is stopped.

  Next, effects of the illustrated embodiment will be described.

  Since the urging pressure of the tension applying cylinder 26 that applies tension to the endless belt 10 of the drive mechanism 9 that drives the crusher 3 via the pulley 11 is adjusted by the overload relief valve 30, the tension of the endless belt 10 is adjusted. The tension of the endless belt 10 that drives the crusher 3 can be set automatically and appropriately by the pressure value.

  In other words, since the belt tension is adjusted by the hydraulic pressure acting on the tension applying cylinder 26, the belt tension can always be kept constant even when the endless belt 10 is worn or deformed. Further, the belt tension can be accurately set by setting the pressure of the overload relief valve 30, and the pressure adjustment of the overload relief valve 30 does not need to be adjusted later if it is first performed.

  Accordingly, the maintenance work for adjusting the belt tension can be greatly reduced, and the belt life can be extended because the belt tension can be set to the optimum. In addition, when manually adjusting the conventional turnbuckle, a work space for that is required, but the hydraulic pressure acting on the tensioning cylinder 26 can be remotely adjusted by the overload relief valve 30, so the work space for manual adjustment Is no longer necessary.

  When exchanging the endless belt 10, the tension applying cylinder 26 can be expanded and contracted by a simple changeover switch operation of the electromagnetic switching valve 27, so that the belt can be easily replaced. The cylinder expansion / contraction pressure at that time can be easily adjusted by the relief valve 28.

  Further, since high pressure oil is guided from the crusher drive circuit A and the constant urging pressure accumulated by the accumulator 32 of the tension holding circuit B is applied to the tension applying cylinder 26 for pulley urging, the crusher is always driven during crusher driving. The tension of the endless belt 10 can be kept constant and stable.

  Even if the cylinder urging pressure of the tension applying cylinder 26 is abnormally decreased, the controller 35 that detects the decrease in the cylinder urging pressure by the pressure sensor 33 automatically stops the drive mechanism 9 of the crusher 3. Further, it is possible to prevent continuation of operation in a power transmission defective state due to a decrease in cylinder urging pressure.

  Similarly, even when the cylinder urging pressure of the tension applying cylinder 26 is abnormally decreased, an alarm is output from the alarm 36 such as a buzzer, so that it is possible to quickly cope with power transmission failure due to a decrease in the cylinder urging pressure.

  The crushing apparatus of the present invention can be used not only for a self-propelled crusher but also for a transport type or a stationary crusher.

It is a circuit diagram showing one embodiment of a crushing device concerning the present invention. It is a front view of the crusher and drive mechanism of a crusher same as the above. It is a side view of a crusher and a drive mechanism same as the above. It is a front view of a self-propelled crusher provided with a crusher and a drive mechanism same as the above. It is a front view of the conventional crusher and a drive mechanism. It is a side view of the conventional crusher and a drive mechanism. It is sectional drawing of the turnbuckle used for the conventional drive mechanism.

Explanation of symbols

W Object to be crushed A Crusher drive circuit B Tension holding circuit 3 Crusher 9 Drive mechanism
10 Endless belt
11 pulley
12 Crusher drive motor (hydraulic motor as fluid pressure motor)
26 Tension cylinder as a fluid pressure cylinder
27 Solenoid switching valve
30 Overload relief valve as pressure regulating valve
32 Accumulator
33 Pressure sensor as a pressure detector
35 Controller
36 Alarm

Claims (5)

A crusher for crushing the material to be crushed;
A drive mechanism for driving the crusher,
The drive mechanism is
A crusher drive motor,
A pulley driven by a crusher drive motor;
An endless belt wound around a pulley and transmitting power to the crusher;
A fluid pressure cylinder that urges the pulley in a direction to apply tension to the endless belt;
A crushing apparatus comprising: a pressure adjusting valve that adjusts an urging pressure of the fluid pressure cylinder. The crushing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising an electromagnetic switching valve that expands and contracts the fluid pressure cylinder by operating a changeover switch. The crusher drive motor of the drive mechanism is a fluid pressure motor,
A crusher drive circuit for supplying and controlling the working fluid to the crusher drive motor;
The crushing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a tension holding circuit that guides the pressure of the crusher driving circuit to the fluid pressure cylinder and accumulates the pressure with an accumulator. A pressure detector for detecting the biasing pressure of the fluid pressure cylinder;
The crushing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a controller that stops a drive mechanism of the crusher when the urging pressure detected by the pressure detector is abnormally lowered. The crushing apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising an alarm that is actuated by a signal from the controller and outputs an alarm when the urging pressure detected by the pressure detector abnormally decreases.

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