JP2008277562A - Capacitor unit - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a configuration of a capacitor unit such that a capacitor used for an inverter device etc., can be improved in performance and made compact. <P>SOLUTION: The temperature of a film capacitor (11) is controlled so that the dielectric constant of the film capacitor (11) is larger than a predetermined value. Specifically, the core (13, 53) of the film capacitor (11, 51) is thermally coupled to a cooling medium circuit (2) and a high-pressure portion of a compressor (3). Alternatively, the core (62) is heated by a coil (67) for induction heating and a heater (68) and exchanging heat with cooling water circulating around the engine of a vehicle. In another manner, an inverter device (85) is varied in carry frequency to control the temperature of a film capacitor (81) as a smoothing capacitor or a heat accumulating material (100) is arranged in a core (93) of a film capacitor (91). <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a capacitor unit including a capacitor, and relates to increasing the dielectric constant of the capacitor.

  Conventionally, a configuration using a smoothing capacitor is well known in an inverter device for driving a motor or the like. Known types of capacitors include electrolytic capacitors, porcelain capacitors, and film capacitors formed by winding a film around a core. In such a capacitor (especially a capacitor using a ceramic material), as shown in FIG. 16, the temperature range having a high dielectric constant is in a relatively high temperature region (for example, 100 degrees or more), and the peak of the dielectric constant is obtained. Is steep. For this reason, there is a problem that the high dielectric constant characteristics of the material cannot be utilized in the normal operating temperature range.

  On the other hand, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, conventionally, in order to increase the dielectric constant of the material in a normal use temperature range, an additive is added to the material to shift the temperature peak to a low temperature side. Then, a process is performed to smooth the peak and widen the peak width.

  Specifically, an additive for shifting the temperature peak to the low temperature side is called “shifter”, and SrTiO 3, CaSnO 3, BaSnO 3, BaZrO 3 and the like are used. When this shifter is added to the material, the dielectric constant characteristics of the material can be shifted to the low temperature side as shown by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. Then, another additive (referred to as “depressor”) is added to smooth the peak characteristic in order to suppress the change in the dielectric constant in a wide temperature range. For this depressor, a paraelectric material such as CaTiO 3 or MgTiO 3 is used. The material characteristics after the addition of the depressor are optimal as a general-purpose capacitor material because, for example, the change in the dielectric constant is small in a wide temperature range as shown by the solid line in FIG.

Here, as disclosed in, for example, Patent Document 2, the film capacitor is configured by winding a metallized film around a core, and the core and the metallized film wound around the core are sealed. Covered with resin, casing, etc., it is airtight. Such a film capacitor has a smaller loss than a general electrolytic capacitor and is excellent in reliability.
JP 58-85514 A JP 2005-93516 A

  By the way, in the film capacitor as described above, even if a high dielectric constant film material is produced by mixing barium titanate, a shifter, and a depressor with a thermoplastic film as in Patent Document 1, The increase in the dielectric constant is about twice that of the dielectric constant and is not so large. Moreover, since the dielectric material for such a film capacitor has a low dielectric constant of about 2 to 4, the outer shape becomes very large compared to a porcelain capacitor or an electrolytic capacitor, and the material cost is also high. Yes.

  Moreover, high dielectric constant capacitor materials such as BaTiO3 (barium titanate) are widely used in ceramic capacitors. As described above, additives such as shifters and depressors are added to the material. In order to use it, the characteristic of the high dielectric constant inherent to it is sacrificed.

  Therefore, with the current capacitor configuration, it has been difficult to reduce the size and the dielectric constant of the capacitor.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to obtain a configuration of a capacitor unit that can realize performance improvement and downsizing of a capacitor used in an inverter device or the like.

  In order to achieve the above object, in the capacitor unit (10) according to the present invention, the capacitor temperature adjusting means (2) for adjusting the temperature of the capacitor (11) so that the dielectric constant of the capacitor (11) is not less than a predetermined value. ) To enable the capacitor (11) to operate in a high dielectric constant state.

  Specifically, the first invention is directed to a capacitor unit including a capacitor (11), and a capacitor for adjusting the temperature of the capacitor (11) so that the dielectric constant of the capacitor (11) is equal to or higher than a predetermined value. It shall be equipped with temperature adjustment means (2).

  Here, the predetermined value is a value larger than that in the case where the capacitor is operated in another temperature region (for example, normal temperature), and means a value near the peak value of the dielectric constant in relation to the temperature around the capacitor.

  With this configuration, the temperature of the capacitor (11) can be set to a higher dielectric constant by the capacitor temperature adjusting means (2), and the capacitor (11) can be operated in a state with a high dielectric constant. Therefore, compared to the case where the temperature of the capacitor (11) is not adjusted, the dielectric constant of the capacitor (11) can be improved, and the capacitor (11) can be downsized.

  In the above configuration, the capacitor temperature adjusting means (2) includes a heat source thermally coupled to the capacitor (11) (second invention). Thus, by thermally coupling the heat source to the capacitor (11), the capacitor (11) can be heated by the heat from the heat source so that the dielectric constant becomes a predetermined value or more.

  The capacitor (11) is a film capacitor in which a film (19) is wound around a core (13), and the heat source is preferably thermally coupled to the core (13) ( Third invention). In the film capacitor (11) in which the film (19) is wound around the winding core (13) in this way, a heat source is thermally coupled to the winding core (13), so that the heat of the heat source is transferred to the winding core (13 In this way, the temperature of the entire film capacitor (11) can be set to a temperature at which the dielectric constant becomes a predetermined value or more. That is, in the case of the film capacitor (11) as described above, the dielectric constant can be improved more reliably by applying heat to the core (13) to efficiently heat the entire film capacitor (11). be able to.

  The heat source may be a high-pressure portion of the refrigerant circuit (2) in which the refrigerant circulates and performs a refrigeration cycle (fourth invention), or a high-pressure portion of the compressor (3) that compresses the refrigerant. Good (5th invention). The heat source may be cooling water for cooling the periphery of the engine (71) of the vehicle (sixth invention).

  By using these as a heat source, it is possible to efficiently raise the temperature of the capacitor (11) to a temperature at which the dielectric constant becomes high by using the heat of the refrigerant circuit (2), the compressor (3) and the cooling water. it can. That is, since the capacitor (11) can be heated without separately providing a heat source such as a heater, the configurations of the first to third inventions can be realized with a lower cost configuration.

  Further, the core (13) of the film capacitor may be formed hollow so that a fluid as the heat source flows through the core (seventh aspect). Thereby, the core (13) of a film capacitor (11) can be heated from the inside, and this film capacitor (11) can be heated more efficiently. Therefore, according to the above configuration, the temperature of the film capacitor (11) can be quickly and surely increased to a temperature range where the dielectric constant becomes a predetermined value or more.

  Further, the heat source may be a heater (68) connected to the core (62) (eighth invention), and the core (62) so as to inductively heat the core (62). ) (6th invention). In this way, the core (62) of the film capacitor (61) can be reliably heated by the heater (68) and the induction heating coil (67), and the film capacitor (61) can be reliably heated to a predetermined temperature. Can be raised. In addition, the temperature control of the film capacitor (11) is facilitated by using the heater (68) and the induction heating coil (67) which are easy to control as the heat source.

  On the other hand, the condenser temperature adjusting means may include a cooling means (70b) for cooling the condenser (61) (tenth invention). As shown in FIG. 16, in the case of a ceramic capacitor, since the dielectric constant peaks at a predetermined temperature, the dielectric constant decreases not only when the temperature of the capacitor is low but also when it is too high. Therefore, as described above, by providing the cooling means (70b) for cooling the capacitor (61), when the temperature of the capacitor (61) is high, the temperature of the capacitor (61) exceeds the predetermined dielectric constant. It becomes possible to adjust within the temperature range.

  In particular, the capacitor (61) is a film capacitor in which a film (64) is wound around a hollow core (62), and cooling water as the cooling means is contained in the core (62). It is preferably configured to flow (eleventh invention). As a result, the film capacitor (61) can be efficiently cooled from the inside of the winding core (62), so that the temperature of the film capacitor (61) is more reliably within a temperature range in which the dielectric constant exceeds a predetermined value. It becomes possible to adjust to.

  In addition, a capacitor temperature detecting means (69a) for detecting the temperature of the capacitor (61) is provided, and the capacitor temperature adjusting means (69b) is provided for the capacitor (61) detected by the capacitor temperature detecting means (69a). The temperature of the capacitor (61) is adjusted so that the temperature is within a predetermined temperature range where the dielectric constant of the capacitor (61) is equal to or higher than a predetermined value (a twelfth aspect of the invention).

  In this way, the temperature of the capacitor (61) is detected by the capacitor temperature detecting means (69a), and the temperature of the capacitor (61) is controlled based on the detected temperature. More accurate control is possible. Therefore, with the above-described configuration, the temperature of the capacitor (61) can be controlled so as to ensure that the dielectric constant of the capacitor (61) is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, and the capacitor (61) has a high dielectric constant. It is possible to operate in a state for a long time.

  Thereby, the dielectric constant of the capacitor (61) can be improved, and the size of the capacitor (61) can be reduced as compared with the conventional case.

  The capacitor (61) is a film capacitor in which a film (64) is wound around a core (62), and the capacitor temperature detecting means (69a) is a temperature inside the core (62). Is preferably configured to detect (a thirteenth invention).

  In the case of such a film capacitor (61), the temperature of the film capacitor (61) can be controlled based on the temperature inside the capacitor rather than the surface temperature of the film capacitor (61). The temperature control of the film capacitor (61) can be performed more accurately.

  Further, the capacitor (81) is a smoothing capacitor in the inverter device (85), and the capacitor temperature adjusting means (88b) has a predetermined value for the temperature of the capacitor (81) and the dielectric constant of the capacitor (81). It is assumed that the carrier frequency of the inverter device (85) is controlled so as to be within the predetermined temperature range as described above (fourteenth invention).

  Here, when the carrier frequency of the inverter device (85) is changed, the loss of the smoothing capacitor also changes. That is, as the carrier frequency increases, the loss of the capacitor decreases. Conversely, when the carrier frequency decreases, the loss of the capacitor increases.

  Therefore, as described above, by controlling the carrier frequency of the inverter device (85), the loss of the capacitor (81), that is, the self-heating amount of the capacitor (81) can be adjusted. That is, the temperature of the capacitor (81) can be controlled by the heat generated by the capacitor (81) itself without providing a separate heat source. Accordingly, the temperature of the capacitor (81) can be set to a temperature within a predetermined temperature range where the dielectric constant is equal to or higher than a predetermined value with a low-cost configuration.

  The capacitor (61) is a film capacitor in which a film (64) is wound around a core (62), and the capacitor temperature adjusting means (69b, 67) is configured to heat the core (62). A combined heat source (67), and the temperature of the capacitor (61) is within a predetermined temperature range where the dielectric constant of the capacitor (61) is equal to or higher than a predetermined value. May be configured to control the amount of heat applied to the core (62) (15th invention).

  Thus, in the case of the film capacitor (61), the temperature of the film capacitor (61) can be controlled by controlling the amount of heat conducted from the heat source (67) to the core (62). In addition, the amount of heat applied from the heat source (67) is controlled by the capacitor temperature adjusting means (69b, 67) so that the temperature of the capacitor (61) is within a predetermined temperature range where the dielectric constant is a predetermined value or more. Thus, the temperature control of the capacitor (61) can be performed more accurately and reliably.

  The capacitor temperature adjusting means (69b, 70b) includes a cooling means (70b) for cooling the capacitor (61), and the temperature of the capacitor (61) depends on the dielectric of the capacitor (61). The cooling amount of the condenser (61) by the cooling means (70b) may be controlled so that the rate falls within a predetermined temperature region where the rate is equal to or higher than a predetermined value (sixteenth invention).

  Thus, when the temperature of the capacitor (61) is high, the capacitor (61) is cooled by the cooling means (70b), and the dielectric constant of the capacitor (61) becomes a predetermined value or more. The temperature of the capacitor (61) can be controlled more accurately and reliably so as to be in the temperature region.

  Further, as described above, instead of detecting the temperature of the capacitor (61), the temperature of another portion that can estimate the temperature of the capacitor (61) may be detected. That is, a discharge pipe temperature detecting means (8a) for detecting a discharge pipe temperature of a compressor (3) that compresses the refrigerant in a refrigerant circuit (2) in which the refrigerant circulates and performs a refrigeration cycle is provided. ) Is thermally coupled to the discharge side of the compressor (3) of the refrigerant circuit (2), and the condenser temperature adjusting means (8b) is detected by the discharge pipe temperature detecting means (8a). The operation of the compressor (3) may be controlled so that the tube temperature is within a predetermined temperature range where the dielectric constant of the capacitor (11) is equal to or higher than a predetermined value (a seventeenth aspect). invention).

  Thus, the temperature of the condenser (11) can be detected by detecting the discharge pipe temperature of the compressor (3) of the refrigerant circuit (2) as a heat source without directly detecting the temperature of the condenser (11). The change can be predicted, and the temperature of the capacitor (11) can be set within a predetermined temperature range where the dielectric constant becomes a predetermined value or more. That is, in the configuration as described above, the capacitor (11) is heated by the high-pressure refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit (2), so the temperature of the high-pressure refrigerant, that is, the discharge pipe (25) of the compressor (3) By detecting the temperature, the temperature state of the capacitor (11) can be grasped, and the temperature of the capacitor (11) can be controlled.

  Therefore, the above-described configuration eliminates the need for a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the capacitor (11), thereby reducing costs accordingly.

  The compressor (3) includes a compressor temperature detection means (9a) for detecting the temperature in the compressor (3) that compresses the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit (2) in which the refrigerant circulates and performs the refrigeration cycle. Is thermally coupled to the discharge side of the compressor (3) of the refrigerant circuit (2), and the condenser temperature adjusting means (9b) is detected by the compressor internal temperature detecting means (9a). The operation of the compressor (3) may be controlled so that the temperature in (3) is within a predetermined temperature range where the dielectric constant of the capacitor (11) is equal to or higher than a predetermined value. (18th invention).

  Also in this case, as in the case of the seventeenth aspect of the invention, by detecting the temperature in the compressor (3) without directly detecting the temperature of the capacitor (11), the capacitor (11) Therefore, the temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the capacitor (11) becomes unnecessary, and the cost can be reduced accordingly.

  Further, the capacitor (91) is a film capacitor in which a film (99) is wound around a winding core (93), and the winding core (93) has a space formed therein, and the capacitor temperature The adjusting means may be a heat storage material (100) disposed in the internal space of the core (93) (19th invention).

  Thereby, the core (93) is kept at a substantially constant temperature by the heat of the heat storage material (100) disposed in the core (93) of the film capacitor (91). That is, if the heat storage material (100) is made of a material that can be heated to a temperature at which the dielectric constant of the capacitor (91) is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, the heat of the heat storage material (100) can be The rate can be improved, and the capacitor (91) can be reduced in size.

  Moreover, if the heat storage material (100) is a latent heat storage material, the capacitor (91) can be stably heated by the latent heat, and the capacitor (91) has a high dielectric constant and can be maintained for a long time. Can do.

  Further, by using the heat storage material (100) as described above, energy saving of the entire unit can be achieved as compared with the case where heating is performed using a heater or the like.

  According to the capacitor unit (10) of the present invention, since the capacitor temperature adjusting means (2) for adjusting the temperature of the capacitor (11) is provided so that the dielectric constant of the capacitor (11) is not less than a predetermined value, The capacitor (11) can be operated with a higher dielectric constant than the capacitor (11), and the capacitor (11) can be reduced in size.

  In the second invention, the capacitor temperature adjusting means (2) includes a heat source thermally coupled to the capacitor (11), so that the temperature of the capacitor (11) can be adjusted by the heat source, The capacitor (11) can be increased in dielectric constant and reduced in size.

  In the third invention, the capacitor (11) is a film capacitor, and since the heat source is thermally coupled to the core (13), the film capacitor (11) is connected via the core (13). It can be heated efficiently. Therefore, the high dielectric constant and miniaturization of the film capacitor (11) can be realized more reliably.

  In the fourth to sixth inventions, the heat source is a high-pressure portion of the refrigerant circuit (2) in which the refrigerant circulates and performs a refrigeration cycle, a high-pressure portion of the compressor (3) that compresses the refrigerant, or a vehicle Since the cooling water is used to cool the engine (71), the condenser (11) can be heated without providing a separate heat source, and the cost can be reduced accordingly.

  In the seventh invention, since the core (13) of the film capacitor (11) is formed in a hollow shape so that a fluid as a heat source flows through the inside, the film capacitor (11) ) Can be efficiently heated from the inside of the core (13). Therefore, the high dielectric constant and miniaturization of the film capacitor (11) can be realized more reliably.

  In the eighth and ninth inventions, the heat source is the heater (68) connected to the core (62) or the induction heating arranged to inductively heat the core (62). Therefore, the film capacitor (11) can be reliably heated by the heat source, and the film capacitor (11) can be reliably increased in dielectric constant and reduced in size.

  In the tenth aspect of the invention, the capacitor temperature adjusting means includes a cooling means (70b) for cooling the capacitor (61). Therefore, even when the capacitor (61) becomes high temperature, The capacitor (61) can be cooled to be in a temperature region where the dielectric constant becomes a predetermined value or more. Therefore, the high permittivity and miniaturization of the capacitor (61) can be realized more reliably. In particular, in the eleventh aspect, when the capacitor (61) is a film capacitor in which the film (64) is wound around a hollow core (62), cooling water as cooling means flows in the core. Therefore, the film capacitor (61) can be cooled more efficiently, and the high permittivity and miniaturization of the film capacitor (61) can be more reliably realized.

  In the twelfth aspect of the invention, the capacitor temperature detecting means (69a) for detecting the temperature of the capacitor (61) is provided, and the capacitor temperature adjusting means (69b) is provided on the basis of the detected capacitor temperature. The temperature of the capacitor (61) is adjusted so that the dielectric constant becomes a predetermined value or more. Therefore, the temperature of the capacitor (61) can be controlled with higher accuracy, and the capacitor (61) can be operated for a long time with a high dielectric constant. Therefore, the high permittivity and miniaturization of the capacitor (61) can be more reliably realized.

  In the thirteenth invention, in the film capacitor (61), the capacitor temperature detecting means (69a) is configured to detect the temperature inside the winding core (62). Can be detected with high accuracy. As a result, the temperature of the capacitor (61) can be more reliably set to a temperature at which the dielectric constant becomes high, and the dielectric constant and size of the capacitor (61) can be further increased.

  In the fourteenth invention, the capacitor (81) is a smoothing capacitor of the inverter device (85), and the capacitor temperature adjusting means (88b) sets the capacitor temperature at which the dielectric constant of the capacitor (81) is a predetermined value or more. Since it is configured to control the carrier frequency of the inverter device (85), the temperature of the capacitor (81) can be controlled without providing a separate heat source. Therefore, the capacitor (81) can be increased in dielectric constant and reduced in size with a low-cost configuration.

  In the fifteenth aspect of the invention, in the film capacitor (61), the capacitor temperature adjusting means (69b, 68) is set so that the capacitor temperature is within a temperature range where the dielectric constant of the capacitor (61) is not less than a predetermined value. The amount of heat from the heat source (68) thermally coupled to the winding core (62) is controlled. Thereby, the temperature control of the film capacitor (61) can be more accurately and reliably performed so that the dielectric constant of the film capacitor (61) is not less than a predetermined value. Therefore, it is possible to increase the dielectric constant and size of the film capacitor (61) more reliably.

  In the sixteenth invention, the capacitor temperature adjusting means (69b, 70b) includes a cooling means (70b) for cooling the capacitor (61), and the temperature of the capacitor (61) is equal to or higher than a predetermined value. The cooling amount of the capacitor (61) by the cooling means (70b) is controlled so as to be in a temperature range where the dielectric constant becomes. Therefore, even when the capacitor (61) is at a high temperature, the capacitor (61) can be reliably cooled, and the (61) temperature of the capacitor can be set within a temperature range where the dielectric constant is equal to or higher than a predetermined value. Therefore, even with the above-described configuration, it is possible to more reliably realize a higher dielectric constant and a smaller size of the capacitor (61).

  Further, in the seventeenth aspect of the invention, there is provided discharge pipe temperature detection means (8a) for detecting the discharge pipe temperature of the compressor (3) of the refrigerant circuit (2), and the condenser temperature adjustment means (8b) The discharge pipe temperature detected by the discharge pipe temperature detecting means (8a) is such that the dielectric constant of the capacitor (11) thermally coupled to the discharge side of the compressor (3) of the refrigerant circuit (2) is a predetermined value or more. The operation control of the compressor (3) is performed so as to be in the temperature range. In the eighteenth aspect of the invention, the compressor temperature detecting means (9a) for detecting the temperature in the compressor (3) of the refrigerant circuit (2) is provided, and the condenser temperature adjusting means (9b) The temperature in the compressor (3) detected by the in-machine temperature detection means (9a) is determined by the dielectric constant of the condenser (11) thermally coupled to the discharge side of the compressor (3) of the refrigerant circuit (2). The operation control of the compressor (3) is performed so as to be within a temperature range that is equal to or greater than the value. With these configurations, a temperature sensor or the like for directly detecting the temperature of the capacitor (11) is not required, so that the cost can be reduced accordingly.

  Furthermore, in the nineteenth aspect of the invention, since the heat storage material (100) as the capacitor temperature adjusting means is disposed inside the core (93) of the film capacitor (91), the film capacitor (100) is heated by the heat of the heat storage material (100). 91) can be kept substantially constant. In addition, since the power is not consumed unlike a heater or the like, energy saving of the entire capacitor unit can be achieved.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the following description of the preferred embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is not intended to limit the present invention, its application, or its use.

Embodiment 1
As shown in FIG. 1, the capacitor unit (10) according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is provided in the refrigerant circuit (2) of the air conditioner (1) that switches between indoor cooling and heating. The refrigerant circuit (2) is filled with a chlorofluorocarbon refrigerant as a refrigerant. In the refrigerant circuit (2), a vapor compression refrigeration cycle is performed by circulating the refrigerant.

<Configuration of refrigerant circuit>
The refrigerant circuit (2) is connected to a compressor (3), an indoor heat exchanger (4), an expansion valve (5), an outdoor heat exchanger (6), and a four-way switching valve (7). . The compressor (3) of the first embodiment is a rotary type compressor. Although the detailed configuration of the compressor (3) will be described in detail in Embodiment 2, a compression mechanism (40) for compressing the refrigerant and a drive motor (30) for driving the compression mechanism (40) are provided. (See FIG. 7).

  The indoor heat exchanger (4) is installed indoors. In the indoor heat exchanger (4), heat is exchanged between the refrigerant and the room air. On the other hand, the outdoor heat exchanger (6) is installed outdoors. In the outdoor heat exchanger (6), heat is exchanged between the refrigerant and the outdoor air. The expansion valve (5) is a decompression means for decompressing the refrigerant, and is constituted by, for example, an electronic expansion valve.

  The four-way selector valve (7) has four ports from first to fourth. The four-way selector valve (7) has a first port on the discharge side of the compressor (3), a second port on the indoor heat exchanger (4), and a third port on the suction side of the compressor (3). The fourth port is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger (6). The four-way switching valve (7) includes a state in which the first port and the second port are connected, and at the same time the third port and the fourth port are connected (indicated by a solid line in FIG. 1), the first port and the fourth port. The setting is switched to the state where the second port and the third port are connected at the same time as the port is connected (the state indicated by the broken line in FIG. 1).

<Configuration of capacitor unit>
In the refrigerant circuit (2), a condenser unit (10) is provided on the discharge side of the compressor (3). The capacitor unit (10) includes, for example, a film capacitor (11) that functions as a smoothing capacitor between an inverter circuit and a converter circuit. As will be described in detail later, the film capacitor (11) and the refrigerant circuit (2) It is configured to exchange heat with the refrigerant inside. The film capacitor (11) is configured such that the dielectric constant is substantially maximized at the refrigerant temperature on the discharge side of the compressor (3). For example, in the case of a general air conditioner (1), since the refrigerant temperature on the discharge side is about 40 to 80 degrees, the film capacitor (11) is configured so that the dielectric constant is maximized at this temperature. . When the refrigerant circuit (2) is used in a water heater, the refrigerant temperature on the discharge side is 90 to 110 degrees, so the film capacitor (11) is set so that the dielectric constant becomes maximum in this temperature range. What is necessary is just to comprise.

  Next, a general configuration of the film capacitor (11) will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the film capacitor (11) is provided on the capacitor element (12), a winding core (13) around which the capacitor element (12) is wound, and the capacitor element (12). Two metallicon electrodes (14, 15), external terminals (16, 17) electrically connected to the metallicon electrodes (14, 15), the capacitor element (12), the core (13), And a sealing resin (18) for sealing the metallicon electrodes (14, 15) and the external terminals (16, 17).

  The capacitor element (12) is formed by superposing two metallized films (19, 19) formed by vapor-depositing a metal foil such as aluminum on one side of a strip-like insulating film (PVDF-based dielectric film). And it is comprised so that it may be wound around the outer periphery of the said core (13). At this time, the two metallized films (19, 19) are wound around the core (13) in a state of being overlapped with each other so as to be displaced in the axial direction of the core (13). In this way, one end of the metallized film (19, 19) is connected to the other end in the axial direction at one end in the axial direction of the winding core (13) in the wound capacitor element (12). The other of the metallized films (19, 19) protrudes (not shown).

  The said winding core (13) is a resin-made cylindrical member, The axial direction length is formed so that it may become longer than the width | variety of the said metallized film (19). That is, the core (13) has such a length that both end portions protrude outward from the sealing resin (18) in a state of being sealed by the sealing resin (18). .

  The metallicon electrodes (14, 15) are respectively provided at both ends in the axial direction of the capacitor element (12) which is wound around the winding core (13) and formed in a substantially cylindrical shape. Each of the metallicon electrodes (14, 15) is formed by spraying metal on the axial end portion of the capacitor element (12), and protrudes from the axial end portion of the capacitor element (12). In electrical communication with the insulating film (19).

  The base end of the external terminal (16, 17) is electrically connected to the metallicon electrode (14, 15). These external terminals (16, 17) extend outward in the radial direction of the metallicon electrode (14, 15), and tip portions thereof protrude outward from the sealing resin (18).

  Then, as described above, the film capacitor (11) includes the compressor (3 in the refrigerant circuit (2) inside the cylindrical core (13) protruding at both ends from the sealing resin (18). ) Is connected to the refrigerant circuit (2) so that the refrigerant on the discharge side flows (see FIG. 1). Thereby, the film capacitor (11) is heated by the high-pressure refrigerant flowing inside the winding core (13).

  Here, since the film capacitor (11) is configured so that the dielectric constant becomes maximum near the temperature of the high-pressure refrigerant, the film capacitor (11) is heated from the inside by the high-pressure refrigerant, The dielectric constant of the capacitor (11) can be improved. Moreover, while the refrigerant circulates in the refrigerant circuit (2), the film capacitor (11) is always heated to a constant temperature. The film capacitor (11) can be cooled with a refrigerant when the film capacitor (11) reaches a high temperature.

  In this embodiment, the core (13) of the film capacitor (11) is made hollow so that a high-pressure refrigerant flows inside the film capacitor (11). However, the present invention is not limited to this, and one end of the core (13) is used. The side may be positioned in the refrigerant pipe on the discharge side of the compressor (3) in the refrigerant circuit (2), or may be thermally coupled to the refrigerant pipe.

-Driving action-
Next, the operation of the air conditioner (1) will be described. The air conditioner (1) can perform a cooling operation and a heating operation. In these operations, the compressor (3) performs a refrigerant compression operation, and high-pressure refrigerant is discharged from the compressor (3).

<Heating operation>
In the heating operation, the four-way selector valve (7) is in the state indicated by the solid line in FIG. Further, the opening degree of the expansion valve (5) is appropriately adjusted.

  The refrigerant compressed by the compressor (3) becomes high-pressure refrigerant and flows out of the compressor (3). At this time, since the core (13) of the film capacitor (11) is connected to the refrigerant pipe on the discharge side of the compressor (3) as described above, the film capacitor (11) Heat is applied from the refrigerant. As a result, the film capacitor (11) is heated to a temperature at which the dielectric constant is maximized.

  On the other hand, when the film capacitor (11) exceeds the temperature at which the dielectric constant is maximum, the high-pressure refrigerant cools the film capacitor (11). The high-pressure refrigerant thus deprived of heat from the film capacitor (11) then flows through the indoor heat exchanger (4) and radiates heat to the indoor air in the indoor heat exchanger (4). As a result, the room is heated. At this time, in the indoor heat exchanger (4), the heat taken from the film capacitor (11) as described above is also released into the room. That is, in this heating operation, the heat recovered from the film condenser (11) is used for indoor heating.

  The refrigerant having radiated heat in the indoor heat exchanger (4) is decompressed when passing through the expansion valve (5) and flows through the outdoor heat exchanger (6). In the outdoor heat exchanger (6), the refrigerant absorbs heat from the outdoor air and evaporates. The refrigerant evaporated in the outdoor heat exchanger (6) is sucked into the compressor (3).

<Cooling operation>
In the cooling operation, the four-way switching valve (7) is in a state indicated by a broken line in FIG. Further, the opening degree of the expansion valve (5) is appropriately adjusted.

  The refrigerant compressed by the compressor (3) becomes high-pressure refrigerant and flows out of the compressor (3). At this time, in the refrigerant pipe on the discharge side of the compressor (3) of the refrigerant circuit (2), heat is applied from the high-pressure refrigerant to the film capacitor (11). As a result, the film capacitor (11) is heated to a temperature at which the dielectric constant is maximized.

  Conversely, when the temperature of the film capacitor (11) exceeds the maximum dielectric constant, the film capacitor (11) is cooled by the high-pressure refrigerant. Thus, the high-pressure refrigerant used for cooling the film capacitor (11) flows through the outdoor heat exchanger (6) and radiates heat to the outdoor air by the outdoor heat exchanger (6). At this time, in the outdoor heat exchanger (6), the heat taken from the film capacitor (11) as described above is also released to the outside.

  The refrigerant having radiated heat in the outdoor heat exchanger (6) is decompressed when passing through the expansion valve (5) and flows through the indoor heat exchanger (4). In the indoor heat exchanger (4), the refrigerant absorbs heat from the indoor air and evaporates. As a result, the room is cooled. The refrigerant evaporated in the indoor heat exchanger (4) is sucked into the compressor (3).

-Effect of Embodiment 1-
As described above, according to this embodiment, the capacitor unit (10) including the film capacitor (11) in which the metallized film (19) is wound around the core (13) is used to compress the refrigerant circuit (2). The film capacitor (11) is arranged on the discharge side of the machine (3) and the core (13) is heated by the high-pressure refrigerant, so that the dielectric constant is maximized at the temperature of the high-pressure refrigerant. In this case, the dielectric constant of the film capacitor (11) can be improved.

  Then, as described above, by increasing the dielectric constant of the film capacitor (11), it is possible to reduce the size of the film capacitor (11) as compared with the conventional case.

  Moreover, the core (13) of the film capacitor (11) is hollowed and a high-pressure refrigerant is allowed to flow inside the core (13), so that the film capacitor (11) can be efficiently removed from the inside of the core (13). It can be heated well. Therefore, the high dielectric constant and miniaturization of the film capacitor (11) can be realized more reliably.

  Further, as described above, when the film capacitor (11) becomes hot by thermally coupling the film capacitor (11) and a part of the refrigerant circuit (2), the film capacitor (11) is cooled by the refrigerant. 11) Cooling can be performed. In this case, at the time of heating operation, the operating efficiency of the air conditioner (1) can be improved by recovering heat from the film condenser (11).

-Modification 1 of Embodiment 1-
In the first modification, as shown in FIG. 3, the temperature of the discharge pipe (25) of the compressor (3) is detected, and the temperature of the discharge pipe (25) is within a predetermined range based on the detected value. The temperature control unit (8) that controls the performance (operation control) of the compressor (3) so that the dielectric constant of the film capacitor (11) is a predetermined value or more is provided. Different from the first embodiment.

  Specifically, the temperature control section (8) includes a discharge pipe temperature detection section (8a) (discharge pipe temperature detection means) for detecting the temperature of the discharge pipe (25) of the compressor (3), and its detection. A refrigerant temperature controller (8b) (capacitor temperature adjusting means) that controls the capacity of the compressor (3) so that the value falls within the predetermined range.

  The discharge pipe temperature detector (8a) receives a signal output from a temperature sensor (25a) provided in the discharge pipe (25) of the compressor (3), and based on the signal, the discharge pipe (25a) ) Is detected.

  The refrigerant temperature control unit (8b) determines whether the temperature of the discharge pipe (25) detected by the discharge pipe temperature detection unit (8a) is within a preset predetermined range, and according to the determination result The control signal is output to the compressor (3). The predetermined range refers to the discharge pipe (25) when the temperature of the film capacitor (11) provided on the discharge side of the compressor (3) is within a temperature region where the dielectric constant is equal to or higher than a predetermined value. Means temperature range.

  The operation of the temperature controller (8) will be described below based on the flow of FIG.

  When the flow of FIG. 4 starts, in step SA1, after detecting the temperature of the discharge pipe (25) of the compressor (3), is the detected temperature of the discharge pipe (25) within the predetermined range? It is determined whether or not (step SA2). When it is determined that the temperature of the discharge pipe (25) is not within the predetermined range (in the case of NO), the capacity control of the compressor (3) is performed (step SA3), and the discharge from the compressor (3) is performed. The temperature of the refrigerant, that is, the temperature of the discharge pipe (25) is set within the predetermined range.

  On the other hand, when it is determined in step SA2 that the temperature of the discharge pipe (25) is within the predetermined range (in the case of YES), the temperature of the discharge pipe (25), that is, the temperature of the discharged refrigerant is adjusted. Since there is no need, the flow is terminated without performing the capacity control of the compressor (3), the flow returns to the start (return), and the flow of FIG. 4 is started again.

  Thus, by detecting the temperature of the discharge pipe (25) of the compressor (3) and controlling the capacity of the compressor (3) based on the temperature, the discharge of the compressor (3) It becomes possible to always keep the temperature of the film capacitor (11) disposed on the side constant. As a result, the temperature of the film capacitor (11) can be maintained at a temperature at which the dielectric constant becomes a predetermined value or more, and the dielectric constant of the film capacitor (11) can be improved and downsized.

  Moreover, with the above-described configuration, the film capacitor (11) can be used by using the temperature sensor (25a) of the discharge pipe (25) without providing a separate temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the film capacitor (11). Therefore, the cost can be reduced accordingly.

-Modification 2 of Embodiment 1
In the second modification, as shown in FIG. 5, the coil temperature of the drive motor (30) constituting the drive unit of the compressor (3) is detected, and the coil temperature is within a predetermined range based on the detected value. It is equipped with a temperature controller (9) that controls the capacity (operation control) of the compressor (3) so that it is inside (temperature region where the dielectric constant of the film capacitor (11) exceeds a specified value). Different from the first embodiment.

  Specifically, the temperature control unit (9) includes a coil temperature detection unit (9a) (compressor temperature detection means) that detects the coil temperature of the drive motor (30) of the compressor (3), and the detection thereof. A refrigerant temperature control section (9b) (capacitor temperature adjusting means) that controls the capacity of the compressor (3) so that the value falls within a predetermined range.

  The coil temperature detector (9a) receives a signal output from a temperature sensor (30a) provided in a coil of the drive motor (30) of the compressor (3), and based on the signal, the coil temperature ( The refrigerant temperature around the coil in the compressor is mainly detected.

  The refrigerant temperature control unit (9b) determines whether the temperature of the discharge pipe (25) detected by the discharge pipe temperature detection unit (8a) is within a preset predetermined range, and according to the determination result The control signal is output to the compressor (3). The predetermined range is such that when the refrigerant is discharged from the compressor (3), the dielectric constant of the film capacitor (11) located on the discharge side of the compressor (3) is equal to or greater than a predetermined value. It means the range of coil temperature in the temperature refrigerant.

  The operation of the temperature controller (9) will be described below based on the flow of FIG.

  When the flow of FIG. 6 starts, in step SB1, after detecting the coil temperature of the drive motor (30) of the compressor (3), it is determined whether or not the detected coil temperature is within the predetermined range. (Step SB2). When it is determined that the coil temperature is not within the predetermined range (in the case of NO), the capacity control of the compressor (3) is performed (step SB3), and the coil temperature of the compressor (3) is within the predetermined range. Get inside.

  On the other hand, when it is determined in step SB2 that the coil temperature is within the predetermined range (in the case of YES), it is not necessary to adjust the coil temperature, so the capacity control of the compressor (3) is performed. Without ending this flow, returning to the start (return), the flow of FIG. 6 is started again.

  Thus, by detecting the coil temperature of the drive motor (30) of the compressor (3) and performing the capacity control of the compressor (3) based on the temperature, the compressor (3) It becomes possible to always keep the temperature of the film capacitor (11) disposed on the discharge side constant. As a result, the temperature of the film capacitor (11) can be maintained at a temperature at which the dielectric constant becomes a predetermined value or more, and the dielectric constant of the film capacitor (11) can be improved and downsized.

  Moreover, as in the first modification, with the above-described configuration, a temperature sensor that detects the coil temperature of the drive motor (30) without separately providing a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the film capacitor (11). Since the temperature of the film capacitor (11) can be controlled using (25a), the cost can be reduced accordingly.

<< Embodiment 2 >>
Next, Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the present embodiment, the film capacitor (51) is thermally coupled directly to the high pressure portion of the compressor (3).

  Specifically, in a high-pressure dome type compressor in which the inside of the casing (20) of the compressor (3) becomes high pressure, a film capacitor (51) is connected to the high-pressure portion, and the film capacitor (51) and the high pressure It was configured to exchange heat with the refrigerant.

  First, the configuration of the compressor (3) will be described in detail below based on FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the compressor (3) includes a hollow and sealed casing (20). The casing (20) includes a cylindrical barrel (21), a top plate (22) provided at the upper end of the barrel (21), and a bottom plate provided at the lower end of the barrel (21). (23). In the casing (20), the suction pipe (24) is connected to the lower side of the body part (21), and the discharge pipe (25) is connected to the top plate part (22). The discharge pipe (25) penetrates the top plate part (22) up and down, and the lower end part opens into the internal space of the casing (20). The casing (20) is made of a metal material such as iron.

  A drive motor (30), a drive shaft (35), and a compression mechanism (40) are accommodated in the casing (20).

  The drive motor (30) is arranged in a space near the upper part in the casing (20). The drive motor (30) includes a rotor (31) and a stator (32). The rotor (31) is fixed on the outer peripheral surface of the drive shaft (35). The stator (32) is disposed so as to surround the outer periphery of the rotor (31). The stator (32) includes a stator core part (32a) fixed to the inner wall of the body part (21) of the casing (20), and a part of a coil passing through the stator core part (32a). It has a coil end part (32b) which protrudes above and below the stator core part (32a), respectively. The stator core portion (32a) is provided with insulators (32c) on both upper and lower end surfaces in the axial direction. The insulator (32c) is made of an insulating material and constitutes an insulating portion for insulating the stator core portion (32a) and the coil end portion (32b).

  The drive shaft (35) is disposed so as to extend in the vertical direction on the cylinder axis of the casing (20). The drive shaft (35) is formed with an eccentric portion (36) at a lower portion. The eccentric portion (36) has a larger diameter than the drive shaft (35), and is formed to be eccentric from the axis of the drive shaft (35) by a predetermined amount. The drive shaft (35) is provided with an oil pump (37) at its lower end. The oil pump (37) has a structure in which oil accumulated at the bottom of the casing (20) is pumped up by a centrifugal force accompanying the rotation of the drive shaft (35). The oil pumped up by the oil pump (37) is passed through an oil supply passage (not shown) formed in the drive shaft (35) to the inside of the compression mechanism (40) and the bearing of the drive shaft (35). Etc. are supplied to each sliding part.

  The said compression mechanism (40) is arrange | positioned in the space near the lower part in a casing (20). The compression mechanism (40) includes a cylinder (41), a front head (42), a rear head (43), and a piston (44).

  The cylinder (41) is made of a ring-shaped member, and its outer peripheral surface is fixed to the inner wall of the casing (20). That is, a cylindrical space constituting the cylinder chamber (45) is formed inside the cylinder (41). The cylinder (41) has a suction passage (41a) extending in the radial direction. The suction passage (41a) communicates the cylinder chamber (45) and the suction pipe (24).

  The front head (42) is attached to the upper side of the cylinder (41), and the rear head (43) is attached to the lower side of the cylinder (41). That is, the front head (42) is provided so as to close the upper end opening of the cylinder (41), and the rear head (43) is provided so as to close the lower end opening of the cylinder (41). 41) The cylinder chamber (45) is defined in the inside. Further, the front head (42) is provided with an upper bearing (46), and the rear head (43) is provided with a lower bearing (47). The drive shaft (35) is rotatably supported by the upper bearing (46) and the lower bearing (47) while passing through the front head (42) and the rear head (43).

  The front head (42) is formed with a discharge port (42a) for communicating the cylinder chamber (45) with the internal space of the casing (20). The discharge port (42a) is provided with a discharge valve (not shown). Furthermore, a muffler muffler (48) is attached to the front head (42) so as to cover the discharge port (42a).

  The piston (44) is disposed in the cylinder chamber (45). The piston (44) is externally fitted to the eccentric part (36), and when the drive shaft (35) rotates, the piston (44) is eccentric from the axis of the drive shaft (35), and is in the cylinder chamber (45). Rotate. As a result, in the compression mechanism (40), the volume of the compression chamber formed in the cylinder chamber (55) changes, and the refrigerant is compressed.

  The compression mechanism (40) is configured to discharge the compressed high-pressure refrigerant into the casing (20) through the discharge port (42a). That is, the compressor (3) of Embodiment 1 constitutes a so-called high-pressure dome type compressor in which the internal space of the casing (20) is filled with the high-pressure refrigerant.

  And the film capacitor (51) is provided in the top-plate part (22) of the said casing (20). Specifically, one end of the core (53) of the film capacitor (51) extends through the casing (20) to a high-pressure space inside the casing (20).

  Here, as shown in FIG. 8, the film capacitor (51) mainly differs from the film capacitor (11) of Embodiment 1 in the configuration of the core. Below, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the part of the same structure as the film capacitor | condenser (11) of the said Embodiment 1, and only the part from which a structure differs is demonstrated.

  That is, the core (53) of the film capacitor (51) is a solid metal member, and only one end portion is configured to protrude from the sealing resin (18) to the outside. A cylindrical member made of resin (54) as an insulating material is provided between the core (53) and the metallized film (19) wound around the core (53).

  In addition, the base end side of the external terminals (56, 57) connected to the substrate (not shown) on the tip side is connected to the metallicon electrodes (14, 15) joined to both ends of the metallized film (19). Yes.

  The film capacitor (51) is also configured so that the dielectric constant peaks near the temperature of the high-pressure refrigerant, similarly to the film capacitor (11) of the first embodiment.

-Effect of Embodiment 2-
As described above, according to the present embodiment, one end of the core (53) of the film capacitor (51) is positioned inside the high-pressure casing (20) of the compressor (3). The film capacitor (51) can be heated with a high-pressure refrigerant through the temperature of the film capacitor (51) so that the temperature of the film capacitor (51) becomes high.

  Further, when the temperature of the film capacitor (51) becomes higher than the temperature at which the dielectric constant peaks, the film capacitor (51) can be cooled by the high-pressure refrigerant, and the film capacitor ( 51) can be maintained at such a temperature that the dielectric constant reaches a peak. Also in this case, as in the first embodiment, during the heating operation, heat can be recovered from the film condenser (51), and the operation efficiency of the air conditioner (1) can be improved.

<< Embodiment 3 >>
Next, Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the present embodiment, a heater (67) is provided on the outer side in the axial direction of the core (62) of the film capacitor (61).

  Specifically, the film capacitor (61) is configured such that both ends of the core (62) protrude outward from the sealing resin (63), as in the first embodiment. In this embodiment, the winding core (62) is constituted by a metal solid bar member.

  An induction heating coil (67) that constitutes the heating heater is disposed in the vicinity of one end of the winding core (62). By passing a current through the coil (67), a circulating current due to magnetic flux can be generated in the core (62) of the film capacitor (61), and the core (62) can be heated. Here, the control of the current flowing through the coil (67) may be ON / OFF control, or may be control in which the current value is changed according to the temperature of the film capacitor (61). . Further, if current is supplied to the coil (67) from the DC link portion between the inverter circuit and the converter circuit, power is supplied to the coil (67) in the apparatus without preparing a separate power source. It can be performed.

  In the present embodiment, an induction heating coil (67) is disposed in the vicinity of the end of the winding core (62), and the winding core (62) is induction-heated by the coil (67). However, the present invention is not limited to this, and as shown in FIG. 10, for example, one end of the core (62) may be extended and the heater (68) may be directly wound around the end. Further, by extending the core (62) as described above, heat can be radiated from the core (62) when the heater (68) is not operating. In particular, if wind is applied to the winding core (62) by a fan or the like, forced cooling can be achieved, which is more effective.

-Effect of Embodiment 3-
As described above, according to this embodiment, since the heater for heating (67, 68) is provided on the axially outer side of the core (62) of the film capacitor (61), the core (62) is attached to the heater (67 , 68) and directly controlling the temperature of the film capacitor (61). That is, as in the first and second embodiments, the film capacitor (61) is not affected by the temperature of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit (2) or the compressor (3) without changing the temperature of the film capacitor (61). ) Can be reliably controlled by the temperature at which the dielectric constant becomes maximum.

<< Embodiment 4 >>
Next, Embodiment 4 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In this embodiment, the film capacitor (61) is provided in the cooling circuit (70) around the engine of the vehicle, and the temperature is adjusted by engine cooling water.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 11, in a vehicle equipped with an engine (71) and a motor (72), a motor (provided separately from an engine cooling circuit (70a) for cooling the engine (71)). 72) A film capacitor (61) was placed in the cooling circuit (70b) (cooling means) for the above. That is, in the vehicle shown in FIG. 11, the interior of the radiator (73) is divided into two parts for cooling the engine (71) and the motor (72), and the radiator (73) A side connected to the engine (71), that is, an engine side radiator (73a), and a side connected to the motor (72), that is, a motor side radiator (73b) are configured.

  The engine cooling circuit (70a) is provided with a water pump (74) for circulating cooling water to the engine (71) and the engine-side radiator (73a). On the other hand, the motor cooling circuit (70b) is also provided with a water pump (75) for circulating cooling water to the motor (72) and the motor-side radiator (73b).

  In addition to the motor (72), the motor cooling circuit (70b) is configured to cool the inverter device (76) for driving and controlling the motor (72) with cooling water. In FIG. 11, reference numeral 78 indicates a reservoir tank for cooling water in the motor cooling circuit (70b).

  The film capacitor (61) is connected to the motor cooling circuit (70b) via the branch flow path (77) on the downstream side of the inverter device (76). Specifically, the core (62) of the film capacitor (61) around which the film (64) is wound is formed in a hollow manner, similar to the configuration shown in FIG. The branch channel (77) is connected to the winding core (62) so that the internal space of (62) communicates with the branch channel (77). Thereby, the cooling water of the said motor cooling circuit (70b) flows through the internal space of the said core (62). In this embodiment, the winding core (62) is hollow and the cooling water is allowed to flow inside the hollow core as in the first embodiment. However, the present invention is not limited to this. You may comprise so that a core may be made into a solid rod-shaped member and heat-exchanged with cooling water in the front-end | tip part of this winding core.

  A heating heater (67) (heat source) having the same configuration as that of the third embodiment is provided so as to heat the axial end of the film capacitor (61). As shown in FIG. 11, the heater (67) for heating is configured to be controlled by the temperature controller (69).

  The temperature control unit (69) includes a temperature detection unit (69a) (capacitor temperature detection means) for detecting the temperature of the core (62) of the film capacitor (61), and a detection result of the temperature detection unit (69a). And a temperature control switching unit (69b) for controlling the temperature by switching the film capacitor (61) to heating or cooling.

  The temperature detector (69a) is configured to detect the temperature of the core (62) of the film capacitor (61) by a temperature sensor (not shown).

  When the film capacitor (61) is heated, the temperature control switching unit (69b) operates a heater (67) disposed in the vicinity of the film capacitor (61), while the film capacitor (61 ) Is controlled, the water pump (75) is controlled so as to increase the amount of cooling water (condenser cooling amount) in the motor cooling circuit (70b). Here, the temperature control switching part (69b), the heater (67) for heating, and the motor cooling circuit (70b) constitute the condenser temperature adjusting means of the present invention.

  Accordingly, since the heating and cooling of the film capacitor (61) can be controlled according to the temperature of the core (62) of the film capacitor (61), the temperature of the film capacitor (61) is controlled by the dielectric constant. It is possible to adjust the temperature so as to maximize the value.

  In the motor cooling circuit (70b), not only the motor (72) but also the generator may be cooled, or the motor (72) may be configured as a motor generator. The film capacitor (61) may be provided in the engine cooling circuit (70a) to exchange heat with the cooling water of the engine cooling circuit (70a).

  Furthermore, the temperature of the film capacitor (61) may be kept constant by the cooling water of the motor cooling circuit (70b) or the engine cooling circuit (70a) without providing the heater (67). In this case, what is necessary is just to comprise the said film capacitor (61) so that a dielectric constant may become the maximum at the temperature of a cooling water.

-Effect of Embodiment 4-
As described above, according to this embodiment, the film condenser (61) is provided in the cooling circuit (70b) around the engine (71) of the vehicle so as to exchange heat with the cooling water. When the film capacitor (61) is provided, the temperature of the film capacitor (61) can be controlled using the cooling water of the cooling circuit (70b). Therefore, it is possible to adjust the temperature of the film capacitor (61) without providing a cooling means or the like.

  Moreover, since the winding core (62) of the film capacitor (61) is hollowed and the cooling water is allowed to flow therein, heat exchange between the film capacitor (61) and the cooling water can be performed more efficiently. Thus, the temperature of the film capacitor (61) can be adjusted more reliably.

  Further, since the heater (67) for heating the film capacitor (61) is provided on the outer side in the axial direction of the winding core (62) of the film capacitor (61), the temperature control of the film capacitor (61) is further performed. It can be performed accurately and easily. That is, while the film capacitor (61) is cooled by the cooling water in the cooling circuit (70b), the film capacitor (61) is heated by the heating heater (67), so that the film capacitor (61) The temperature can be adjusted more reliably.

  Further, the temperature detection unit (69a) detects the temperature of the core (62) of the film capacitor (61), and based on the detection result, the operation of the heater (67) and the cooling circuit (70b) By adjusting the amount of cooling water, the temperature of the film capacitor (61) can be adjusted to a temperature that ensures the maximum dielectric constant.

<< Embodiment 5 >>
Next, Embodiment 5 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In this embodiment, the carrier that detects the temperature of the core of the film capacitor (81) and adjusts the temperature of the film capacitor (81) by changing the carrier frequency of the inverter device (85) based on the detected value. A frequency control unit (88) is provided.

  Specifically, in this embodiment, the film capacitor (81) is used as a smoothing capacitor for a DC link located between the converter circuit (not shown). That is, the inverter device (85) includes the film capacitor (81) and a plurality of switching elements (86, 86,...), And the ON / OFF operation of the switching elements (86, 86,...) The DC voltage of the film capacitor (81) is converted into a three-phase AC voltage.

  The switching elements (86, 86,...) Are, for example, IGBTs, and one switching leg is configured by connecting two switching elements (86, 86) in series. In this embodiment, the inverter device (85) has three sets of switching legs of the switching elements (86, 86,...). These switching legs are three-phase bridge-connected so as to be in parallel with the film capacitor (81) and to be connected to the motor (87) between the switching elements (86, 86).

  In the above configuration, the inverter device (85) causes the DC voltage of the film capacitor (81) to be generated by turning ON / OFF the switching elements (86, 86,...) Of the switching legs at a predetermined timing. It can be converted into an AC voltage and supplied to the motor (87).

  The inverter device (85) detects the temperature of the core (not shown) of the film capacitor (81) and controls the carrier frequency in accordance with the detected temperature (88). ) Is provided. The carrier frequency control unit (88) includes a core temperature detection unit (88a) that detects the temperature of the core of the film capacitor (81), and a carrier frequency of the inverter device (85) based on the temperature of the core. And a switching control unit (88c) that controls the switching elements (86, 86,...) According to the set carrier frequency.

  The core temperature detector (88a) is configured to detect the temperature of the core based on an output signal from a temperature sensor (82) provided on the core of the film capacitor (81). .

  The carrier frequency setting unit (88b) is configured to set a carrier frequency according to the temperature of the core. Specifically, when the temperature of the core is lower than the lower limit value of the predetermined range, the carrier frequency is relatively decreased in order to increase the temperature of the film capacitor (81). On the other hand, when the temperature of the core is higher than the upper limit of the predetermined range, the carrier frequency is relatively increased in order to lower the temperature of the film capacitor (81).

  The temperature of the film capacitor (81) can be controlled by controlling the carrier frequency in this way by controlling the carrier frequency of the inverter device (85) by the ESR (equivalent series resistance) of the film capacitor (81). This is because self-heating can be controlled.

  Specifically, the loss due to self-heating of the film capacitor (81) is obtained by the following equation.

D = ESR / (1 / ωC) = ωC · ESR = 2πfC · ESR (1)
Here, in the above equation, D is a dielectric loss tangent, C is a capacitor capacity, and f is a frequency applied to the film capacitor (81).

Therefore, the loss of the film capacitor (81) is calculated from the above equation (1), where I is the current flowing through the film capacitor (81).
I ² · ESR = I ² · D / (2πfC) (2)
It becomes. That is, the loss of the film capacitor (81) is inversely proportional to the carrier frequency f, and the loss (self-heating) decreases as the carrier frequency f increases, whereas the loss (self-heating) decreases when the carrier frequency f decreases. Becomes bigger.

  The switching control unit (88c) is configured to control the switching elements (86, 86,...) According to the carrier frequency set by the carrier frequency setting unit (88b). Specifically, the switching control unit (88c) outputs an ON / OFF signal to each switching element (86) at a predetermined carrier frequency set by the carrier frequency setting unit (88b). It is configured.

  The operation of the carrier frequency control unit (88) having the above-described configuration will be described based on the flow shown in FIG.

  First, when the flow of FIG. 13 starts, in step SC1, the inverter device (85) performs PWM control of the switching elements (86, 86,...) Without considering the temperature of the film capacitor (81). Set the base carrier frequency. In the next step SC2, the temperature of the core of the film capacitor (81) is detected, and it is determined whether or not the value is larger than a predetermined range. Here, the predetermined range means a temperature region in which the dielectric constant of the film capacitor (81) is a predetermined value or more.

  If it is determined in step SC2 that the detected temperature value of the core is not greater than the predetermined range (in the case of NO), is the detected temperature of the core smaller than the predetermined range in subsequent step SC3? Determine if. If the detected temperature value of the core in step SC3 is smaller than the predetermined range (in the case of YES), it is necessary to increase the temperature of the film capacitor (81), so the carrier set in step SC1. One step down from the frequency (step SC4). Conversely, if the temperature of the core is not smaller than a predetermined range (in the case of NO), the temperature of the core is in a temperature region where the dielectric constant of the film capacitor (81) is equal to or higher than a predetermined value. This flow is finished as it is, and this flow is started again (return).

  On the other hand, if it is determined in step SC2 that the detected temperature value of the core is greater than the predetermined range (in the case of YES), the temperature of the film capacitor (81) needs to be lowered. The carrier frequency set in SC1 is increased by one step (step SC5).

  After the carrier frequency is corrected in steps SC4 and SC5, this flow is terminated and the flow of FIG. 13 is started again (return).

-Effect of Embodiment 5-
As described above, according to this embodiment, in the configuration in which the film capacitor (81) is used as the DC link smoothing capacitor of the inverter device (85), the carrier frequency of the inverter device (85) is set to the value of the film capacitor (81). Since the carrier frequency control section (88) that changes according to the temperature is provided, the temperature of the film capacitor (81) can be adjusted by changing the carrier frequency.

  Therefore, the temperature of the film capacitor (81) can be controlled by controlling the inverter device (85) without providing a separate heating means or cooling means, so that the film capacitor ( 81) can be adjusted to a high dielectric constant.

Embodiment 6
Next, a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the present embodiment, the heat storage material (100) is disposed inside the core (93) of the film capacitor (91).

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 14 above, a core (93) around which a capacitor element (92) composed of two metallized films (99, 99) is wound is formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape, A latent heat storage material (100) that generates heat of fusion when it is changed from a solid to a liquid is disposed therein. The core (93) is sealed at its open end with a cap or the like in a state where the latent heat storage material (100) is disposed.

  In FIG. 14, reference numerals 94 and 95 indicate metallicon electrodes, 96 and 97 indicate external terminals, and 98 indicates a sealing resin.

  As the latent heat storage material (100), for example, the type shown in FIG. 15 is known. Among these, in the case of sodium acetate having a relatively high melting point temperature, the use of a film capacitor having a maximum dielectric constant of about 60 ° C. can achieve a higher dielectric constant more reliably.

-Effect of Embodiment 6-
As described above, according to this embodiment, since the core (93) of the film capacitor (91) has a bottomed cylindrical shape and the latent heat storage material (100) is disposed therein, the latent heat storage material (100) The film capacitor (91) can be kept at a stable temperature for a long time by the heat of fusion. If the latent heat storage material (100) is selected so that the temperature of the film capacitor (91) has a high dielectric constant, the dielectric constant of the film capacitor (91) can be reduced and the size of the capacitor can be reduced accordingly. Can be realized.

  In addition, as described above, the use of the heat storage material (100) eliminates the need for electric power in the case of a heater, and thus energy saving can be achieved for the entire apparatus.

<< Other Embodiments >>
About each said embodiment, it is good also as the following structures.

  In each of the above embodiments, a film capacitor is used as a capacitor. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and any capacitor may be used as long as the capacitor has a dielectric constant that peaks at a certain temperature (for example, a ceramic capacitor). Also good.

  In each of the above embodiments, a PVDF-based dielectric film is used as the film capacitor. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and any film material may be used as long as it functions as a film capacitor.

  In the first embodiment, chlorofluorocarbon is used as the refrigerant filled in the refrigerant circuit (10), but other refrigerants such as carbon dioxide may be used.

  In the first and second embodiments, the present invention is applied to a rotary type compressor. However, the present invention may be applied to other types of compressors such as a scroll type compressor and a swing swing type compressor. Further, the present invention may be applied to a fluid machine constituting a so-called uniaxially connected expansion compressor in which a compression mechanism and an expansion mechanism are connected to each other through a drive shaft in the casing.

  In the first embodiment, the present invention is applied to an air conditioner that switches between indoor cooling and heating. However, the present invention may be applied to a water heater or other heat pump device that heats water while performing a refrigeration cycle in the refrigerant circuit (10).

  In the first to fourth and sixth embodiments, the temperature of the film capacitor is adjusted to a temperature at which the dielectric constant becomes maximum. However, the temperature is not limited to this, and is adjusted to a temperature within a temperature region where the dielectric constant is equal to or higher than a predetermined value. You may make it do. The predetermined value is a value that is larger than the dielectric constant at room temperature and is near the peak of the dielectric constant.

  As described above, the present invention is useful for a capacitor unit including a capacitor having such a characteristic that a dielectric constant peaks at a predetermined temperature.

It is a piping system figure of the refrigerant circuit of the air harmony device by which the capacitor unit concerning Embodiment 1 is arranged. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a film capacitor according to Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a piping system figure of the refrigerant circuit of the air harmony device by which the capacitor unit concerning modification 1 is arranged. 10 is a flow showing an operation of a temperature control unit according to Modification 1. It is a piping system figure of the refrigerant circuit of the air harmony device by which the capacitor unit concerning modification 2 is arranged. It is a flow which shows operation | movement of the temperature control part which concerns on the modification 2. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows schematic structure of the compressor by which the capacitor | condenser unit which concerns on Embodiment 2 is arrange | positioned. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a film capacitor according to Embodiment 2. FIG. It is a perspective view which shows schematic structure of the capacitor | condenser unit (in the case of the induction heating coil) which concerns on Embodiment 3. FIG. It is a perspective view which shows schematic structure of the capacitor | condenser unit (in the case of a heater) which concerns on Embodiment 3. FIG. It is a figure which shows the cooling circuit around the engine of the vehicle by which the capacitor | condenser unit which concerns on Embodiment 4 is arrange | positioned. FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of an inverter device including a capacitor unit according to a fifth embodiment. 10 is a flow showing an operation of a carrier frequency control unit according to the fifth embodiment. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows schematic structure of the film capacitor which concerns on Embodiment 6. FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the latent heat storage material which concerns on Embodiment 6. FIG. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the temperature at the time of adding an additive to a capacitor | condenser, and a dielectric constant.

Explanation of symbols

1 Air conditioner
2 Refrigerant circuit (condenser temperature adjustment means)
3 Compressor
8 Temperature controller
8a Discharge pipe temperature detector (discharge pipe temperature detection means)
8b Refrigerant temperature controller (condenser temperature adjustment means)
9 Temperature controller
9a Coil temperature detector (compressor temperature detector)
9b Refrigerant temperature controller (condenser temperature adjustment means)
10 Capacitor unit
11,51,61,81,91 Film capacitor (capacitor)
13,53,62,93 Core
19,64,99 Metallized film (film)
25 Discharge pipe
30 Drive motor
67 Coil for induction heating (capacitor temperature adjustment means)
68 Heater
69 Temperature controller
69a Temperature detector (capacitor temperature detector)
69b Temperature control switching part (capacitor temperature adjustment means)
70 Cooling circuit
70b Motor cooling circuit (capacitor temperature adjustment means, cooling means)
71 engine
85 Inverter device
88 Carrier frequency controller
88a Core temperature detector
88b Carrier frequency setting section (capacitor temperature adjustment means)
100 heat storage material

Claims (19)

A capacitor unit including a capacitor (11),
A capacitor unit comprising a capacitor temperature adjusting means (2) for adjusting the temperature of the capacitor (11) so that the dielectric constant of the capacitor (11) is a predetermined value or more. In claim 1,
The capacitor temperature adjusting means (2) includes a heat source thermally coupled to the capacitor (11). In claim 2,
The capacitor (11) is a film capacitor in which a film (19) is wound around a core (13),
The capacitor unit, wherein the heat source is thermally coupled to the core (13). In claim 3,
The capacitor unit, wherein the heat source is a high-pressure portion of a refrigerant circuit (2) in which a refrigerant circulates and performs a refrigeration cycle. In claim 3,
The capacitor unit, wherein the heat source is a high-pressure portion of a compressor (3) that compresses a refrigerant. In claim 3,
The condenser unit, wherein the heat source is cooling water for cooling the periphery of the engine (71) of the vehicle. In claim 3,
The said winding core (13) is formed in the hollow, The capacitor | condenser unit characterized by being comprised so that the fluid as said heat source may flow through the inside. In claim 3,
The capacitor unit, wherein the heat source is a heater (68) connected to the core (62). In claim 3,
The capacitor unit, wherein the heat source is an induction heating coil (67) disposed in the vicinity of the core (62) so as to induction-heat the core (62). In claim 1,
The capacitor temperature adjusting means includes a cooling means (70b) for cooling the capacitor (61). In claim 10,
The capacitor (61) is a film capacitor in which a film (64) is wound around a hollow core (62),
A capacitor unit, characterized in that cooling water as the cooling means flows in the winding core (62). In claim 1,
Capacitor temperature detection means (69a) for detecting the temperature of the capacitor (61),
The capacitor temperature adjusting means (69b, 67, 70b) is configured such that the temperature of the capacitor (61) detected by the capacitor temperature detecting means (69a) is a predetermined value at which the dielectric constant of the capacitor (61) is not less than a predetermined value. The capacitor unit is characterized in that the temperature of the capacitor (61) is adjusted so as to be within the temperature range of. In claim 12,
The capacitor (61) is a film capacitor in which a film (64) is wound around a core (62),
The capacitor unit is characterized in that the capacitor temperature detecting means (69a) is configured to detect the temperature inside the winding core (62). In claim 12,
The capacitor (81) is a smoothing capacitor in the inverter device (85),
The capacitor temperature adjusting means (88b) is configured so that the temperature of the capacitor (81) is within a predetermined temperature range in which the dielectric constant of the capacitor (81) is equal to or higher than a predetermined value. A capacitor unit configured to control a carrier frequency. In claim 12,
The capacitor (61) is a film capacitor in which a film (64) is wound around a core (62),
The capacitor temperature adjusting means (69b, 67) includes a heat source (67) thermally coupled to the winding core (62), and the temperature of the capacitor (61) is determined by the dielectric constant of the capacitor (61). A capacitor unit configured to control the amount of heat applied from the heat source (67) to the core (62) so as to be within a predetermined temperature range that is equal to or greater than a predetermined value. In claim 12,
The capacitor temperature adjusting means (69b, 70b) includes a cooling means (70b) for cooling the capacitor (61), and the temperature of the capacitor (61) depends on the dielectric constant of the capacitor (61). A capacitor unit configured to control the cooling amount of the capacitor (61) by the cooling means (70b) so as to be within a predetermined temperature range that is equal to or greater than a predetermined value. In claim 1,
A discharge pipe temperature detecting means (8a) for detecting a discharge pipe temperature of a compressor (3) that compresses the refrigerant in a refrigerant circuit (2) in which the refrigerant circulates and performs a refrigeration cycle;
The capacitor (11) is thermally coupled to the discharge side of the compressor (3) of the refrigerant circuit (2),
In the capacitor temperature adjusting means (8b), the discharge pipe temperature detected by the discharge pipe temperature detecting means (8a) is within a predetermined temperature region where the dielectric constant of the capacitor (11) is equal to or higher than a predetermined value. As described above, the capacitor unit is configured to control the operation of the compressor (3). In claim 1,
A compressor internal temperature detection means (9a) for detecting the temperature in the compressor (3) for compressing the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit (2) in which the refrigerant circulates and performs the refrigeration cycle,
The capacitor (11) is thermally coupled to the discharge side of the compressor (3) of the refrigerant circuit (2),
The capacitor temperature adjusting means (9b) is configured such that the temperature in the compressor (3) detected by the compressor internal temperature detecting means (9a) is a predetermined value at which a dielectric constant of the capacitor (11) is not less than a predetermined value. A capacitor unit configured to control the operation of the compressor (3) so as to be in a temperature range. In claim 1,
The capacitor (91) is a film capacitor in which a film (99) is wound around a core (93),
The core (93) has a space inside,
The capacitor unit, wherein the capacitor temperature adjusting means is a heat storage material (100) disposed in the internal space of the core (93).

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