JP2008274614A - Underwater excavation equipment and underwater excavation method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide underwater excavation equipment and an underwater excavation method, which enable reduction in the period and cost of field erection work and the securement of safety by enabling the removal of a cut-off door and the separation of a shield machine to be easily performed by normal diving operation. <P>SOLUTION: The underwater excavation equipment is equipped with: first and second connecting cylinders which have the first and second cut-off doors premounted inside back ends, respectively, the front ends of which are detachably connected to a back end of the shield machine, and the back ends of which are detachably connected to a front end of a jacked pipe; and a connecting member for detachably connecting the back and front ends of the first and second connecting cylinders, respectively. The first and second cut-off doors are provided with first and second connecting-pipe inserting portions which are each equipped with a detachable sealing lid and which allow the insertion of various types of pieces of connecting piping, and piping and the like, respectively. The shield machine, the first and second connecting cylinders, and the jacked pipe are sequentially and integrally connected together in a starting shaft; the shield machine performs shield excavation from the starting shaft and arrives in an underwater arrival position near a shore line; and after that, the first and second connecting cylinders are disconnected for the recovery of the shield machine from under the water. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an underwater excavation apparatus and an underwater excavation method for constructing a tunnel for passing water such as a groundwater channel from the land to the sea or a river or for storing water, or a deep tunnel from which groundwater is ejected.

  Conventionally, when installing a reaching shaft in the water such as the sea or river where the shield machine is reached by the general double sheet pile type deadline method, caisson type deadline method, embankment type deadline method, etc., There is a problem that the construction period is prolonged, the construction cost is high, the construction cost is high, and the environmental protection such as affecting the ecosystem of living organisms is not preferable.

  In recent years, the following two typical examples have been proposed as an excavation method for improving these problems (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

  The tunnel penetrating method (see FIG. 5) underwater in Patent Document 1 includes a step of constructing a start shaft (not shown) at the shield start position, and shield excavation while assembling the segment 126 from the start shaft to a position close to the shoreline T. The propulsion pipe 130 is propelled by the propulsion jack 134 disposed in the segment 126 while connecting the propulsion pipe 130 to the tail portion 128 of the shield machine 124 in the segment 126 near the shoreline T, and the shield machine 124 is moved. After the step of reaching the underwater 112, the step of attaching the sealing lid 142 to the propulsion tube 130 at the underwater reaching position and stopping the water, and the sealing by the sealing lid 142 of the propulsion tube 130, the shield machine 124 is separated from the propulsion tube 130. After removing the shield machine 124 from the water, the sealing lid 130 of the propelling pipe 130 is removed from the water. It has a to step.

In the excavator recovery method of Patent Document 2 (see FIGS. 6 and 7), the excavator 216 started from a start shaft (not shown) provided on the land portion is made to reach a reach shaft 222 provided in water. In the method of collecting the excavator 216 to be collected later, the water is accommodated in the reaching shaft 222, and after the excavator 216 reaches the reaching shaft 222, the tip of the constructed pipe 210 and the excavator A water stop wall 227 is formed in a cutting pipe 218 having both ends connected to the rear part of 216 to block either or both of the leading end side of the pipe line 210 and the rear side of the excavator 216. Thereafter, the cutting pipe 218 is cut, and the excavator 216 is separated from the pipe line 210 to be pulled up and removed.
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-193289 JP 2002-180779 A

  However, in the tunnel penetration method in water of Patent Document 1, after the propelling pipe 130 is propelled and the shield machine 124 reaches underwater, the sealing lid 142 is attached to the propelling pipe 130 at the underwater reaching position to stop the water. In the construction method, there is a problem that the time and cost of field work by an expert engineer who attaches the sealing lid 142 to the watertight state by welding or the like in order to attach the sealing lid 142 at the underwater reaching position increases.

  Further, since there is only one sealing lid 142, there is a risk that a skilled engineer's diver dives into the water and high-pressure water suddenly flows into the shield machine 124 when the shield machine 124 is disconnected, and the diver is sucked in. There are also safety issues.

    The recovery method of the excavator of Patent Document 2 is a method of retrofitting a water blocking wall 227 (one or two) to the cutting pipe 218 in the reaching shaft 222 in a state where water is still stored, and the water blocking wall 227 is cut. There is a problem that the period and cost of field work by a skilled engineer who attaches the pipe 218 in a watertight state by welding or the like increases.

  Moreover, after the attachment of the water blocking wall 227 to the cutting pipe 218 is completed, the diver dives in the water and cuts the cutting line C formed at the central portion of the cutting pipe 218 (see FIG. 6). Since the machine 216 is separated from the leading propelling pipe 212 of the pipe line 210, there is a problem that the period and cost of field work by a skilled engineer who performs underwater cutting further increases.

  As described above, in the construction methods in Patent Documents 1 and 2, in the underwater reaching position, after disconnecting various connecting pipes and electrical wires such as a drainage pipe and a water supply pipe, between the shield machine and the propulsion pipe. The sealing lid 142 (one sheet) is attached to the propelling pipe 130 or the water blocking wall 227 (one or two sheets) is retrofitted to the cutting pipe 218, and then the sealing lid 142 or the water blocking wall 227 is removed and the cutting pipe 218 is removed. There is a problem that a skilled engineer for cutting is indispensable, and this leads to an increase in on-site construction and its cost.

    The present invention has been made to solve such problems, and eliminates the need for installation and cutting of a water stop door underwater by a skilled engineer's diving operation, and the removal and separation of the water stop door. The purpose is to provide an underwater excavation apparatus and method that can easily and quickly remove the water stop door and separate the shield excavator, greatly reduce the time and cost of the on-site construction, and ensure safety. And

  In order to achieve the above object, the underwater excavation apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention has a first water stop door for preventing water from entering the rear end in advance, and the front end is a shield excavator (or semi A first connecting cylinder that is detachably connected to the rear end portion of the shield machine) in a watertight manner, and a second water stop door for preventing water from entering the rear end is attached in advance. The second connecting cylinder, which is removably connected to the front end of the propelling pipe in a watertight state, and the rear end of the first connecting cylinder and the front end of the second connecting cylinder are detachably watertight The first and second water stop doors are each provided with an openable / closable or detachable sealing lid for insertion of various pipes and wirings connected to the shield machine. The shield tunneling machine is provided with a start shaft provided in the land portion, provided with first and second connecting pipe insertion openings. The first connecting cylinder, the second connecting cylinder, and the propulsion pipe were sequentially connected, and the shield excavated while connecting the propulsion pipe sequentially from the starting vertical shaft, and reached the underwater reaching position near the shoreline or the reaching vertical pile filled with groundwater Thereafter, the first and second connecting cylinders are disconnected by the connecting member, and the shield machine separated in water is collected.

  Invention of Claim 2 is the underwater excavation apparatus of Claim 1, Comprising: The 1st and 2nd water stop door was each equipped with the sealing lid which can be opened / closed or removable for an operator to enter / exit. A first access port is further provided.

  Invention of Claim 3 is the underwater excavation apparatus of Claim 1, Comprising: As for the said connection member, the front-end part is a rear-end part of the said 1st connection pipe | tube from the outside by an external fastening member, or by an internal fastening member. It is characterized by being detachably attached by any one from the inside.

  The invention according to claim 4 is the underwater excavation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the second connecting cylinder and the propulsion pipe are connected to the rear end inner surface portion of the second connecting cylinder on the front end outer surface of the propulsion pipe. It is performed by inserting a part in a watertight state.

  Invention of Claim 5 is an underwater excavation apparatus of any one of Claim 1, Claim 3 or Claim 4, Comprising: The 2nd connection cylinder is opened and closed for filling water from the outside A possible irrigation valve or plug is further provided.

  The underwater excavation method of the invention of claim 6 is a shield excavation while sequentially connecting the propulsion pipes from the starting vertical shafts provided on the land, and shields after reaching the underwater reaching position near the shoreline or the reaching standing pile filled with groundwater An underwater excavation method for recovering an excavating machine (or a semi-shielded excavating machine), wherein a first water stop door for preventing water from entering the rear end in advance is attached to the start shaft. A first connecting cylinder connecting step for removably connecting the front end of the connecting cylinder to the rear end of the shield machine, and a second water stop door for preventing water from entering the rear end in advance. A second connecting cylinder connecting step for connecting the front end portion of the second connecting cylinder to which the first connecting cylinder is attached to the rear end portion of the first connecting cylinder in a watertight manner via a detachable connecting member; The front end of the propelling tube is detachably connected to the rear end of the cylinder in a watertight manner. A submersible excavator, a first connecting cylinder, a second connecting cylinder, and a submerged excavator connecting step for forming an underwater excavating apparatus in which a propelling pipe is sequentially connected; and the first and second water stop doors, respectively. The pipe and wiring connection process, in which various pipes and wires are inserted into the first and second connection pipe insertion ports and connected to the shield machine, and the propulsion pipes are assembled sequentially from the starting shaft to the underwater reaching position or the reaching vertical pile. Shield digging process while digging the shield and underwater reaching position or reaching pile, remove the various pipes and wires connected to the shield digging machine, and seal the first and second connecting pipe insertion ports with the sealing lids respectively Piping / wiring removal process, and a second connecting cylinder that opens the water injection valve or plug provided in the second connecting cylinder from the outside in water and fills the second connecting cylinder with water to balance the water pressure with the outside. Internal water pressure balance The shield engraving machine separating step of releasing the connection of the first and second connecting cylinders by the connecting member and separating the shield machine side in the water, and lifting the separated shield machine side from the water A shield machine recovering step for recovering.

  The invention of claim 7 is the underwater excavation method according to claim 6, wherein the opening and closing provided in the first and second water stop doors in the piping / wiring connecting step or the piping / wiring removing step, respectively. Alternatively, an operator enters and exits the first and second access ports provided with a detachable sealing lid, and attaches and removes the various pipes and wirings. The access port of 2 is sealed.

  Invention of Claim 8 is the underwater excavation method of Claim 6 or Claim 7, Comprising: After the said shield excavation machine collection | recovery process, the said 2nd connection pipe injects water in the propulsion pipe of a connection state, and externally Further comprising: a hydraulic pressure balancing step in the propulsion pipe that balances the hydraulic pressure of the second pipe, and a second connecting pipe collecting step that separates the second connecting pipe from the propelling pipe and collects the second connecting pipe from the water. And

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the shield machine, the first connecting cylinder, the second connecting cylinder, and the propelling pipe are integrally connected together before or after starting from the starting vertical shaft, and the connecting pipe insertion port is provided. After the first and second water stop doors provided in advance are respectively attached to the first and second connecting cylinders in advance, the connecting member is shielded from the starting shaft and reaches the underwater reaching position or the reaching standing pile. The first and second connecting cylinders can be easily released / separated from each other, so that the skilled engineer can perform diving work at the underwater position as in the conventional methods of Patent Documents 1 and 2. Since there is no need to remove or separate the sealing lid or water blocking wall from the propulsion pipe or cutting pipe, or to remove or separate the cutting pipe, the first and second connecting cylinders can be connected by a normal diving operation. Easy and quick separation and shield digging It is possible to recover the aircraft. Further, the first and second connecting cylinders can be reused for the underwater excavation apparatus in another construction. As a result, the period and cost of the local construction work can be greatly reduced and safety can be ensured.

  According to the invention of claim 2, in addition to having the same effect as that of the invention of claim 1, the sealing lid of the first and second access ports provided in the first and second water stop doors, respectively. An operator can enter and leave the door to easily attach / remove various connecting pipes and wiring of the shield machine. For this reason, there is an effect that it is possible to shorten the work time for separating the first and second connecting cylinders and recovering the shield machine, particularly at the underwater reaching position.

  According to the invention of claim 3, in addition to having the same effect as that of the invention of claim 1, the connecting member has a front end portion at the rear end portion of the first connecting tube, or externally by an external fastening member. Since it is configured to be detachably attached either from the inside by an internal fastening member, in the case of attachment by the former, the external fastening member is released from the underwater by a normal diving operation, and the second connecting cylinder side It is possible to easily separate the connection member and the first connection cylinder attached to each other, or in the case of attachment by the latter, an operator can connect from the first and second access ports via the underwater excavation apparatus. It is also possible to easily separate the connection member and the second connection tube attached to the first connection tube side by releasing the internal fastening member from the inside at the same time as removing various connection pipes and wiring. For this reason, especially in the underwater reaching position, there is an effect that it is possible to secure the ease and safety of the separation work of the first and second connecting cylinders and to shorten the work time for collecting the shield machine.

  According to the invention of claim 4, in addition to having the same effect as that of the invention of claim 1, the front end outer surface portion of the propulsion pipe is fitted into the rear end inner surface portion of the second connecting cylinder. Since the connecting tube and the propulsion pipe are connected to each other, there is no need for a separate connecting member, and the second connecting cylinder is connected to the propulsion pipe, and the easiness and safety of the pull-out / separation work by normal diving work are performed. As a result, the working time can be shortened.

  According to the invention of claim 5, in addition to having the same effect as that of any one of inventions of claim 1, claim 3 or claim 4, the first and second connecting cylinders in the underwater reaching position. Prior to the separation, the water injection valve or plug provided in the second connecting cylinder is opened from the outside in the water by normal diving work, and the second connecting cylinder is filled with water to balance the water pressure with the outside. It has the effect of being safe and easy.

  According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the shield machine, the first connecting cylinder, the second connecting cylinder, and the propelling pipe are integrally connected together before and after starting from the start shaft, and the connecting pipe insertion port is provided. With the first and second water stop doors attached to the first and second connecting cylinders in advance, respectively, after digging the shield from the starting vertical shaft and reaching the underwater reaching position or the reaching vertical pile, the water injection valve or plug is Open and fill the second connecting cylinder with water to balance the water pressure with the outside, then release the connection of the first and second connecting cylinders by the connecting member and collect the shield machine side separated in water Since it is an underwater excavation method, it has exactly the same effect as the invention of claim 1 or claim 5.

  According to the invention of claim 7, in addition to having the same effect as that of the invention of claim 6, the sealing lids of the first and second access ports provided in the first and second water stop doors, respectively. Since the worker enters and exits and attaches / detaches various connecting pipes and wirings of the shield machine, the effect is exactly the same as that of the invention of claim 2.

  According to the invention of claim 8, in addition to having the same effect as the invention of claim 6 or claim 7, after the shield machine recovery process, the second connecting cylinder is injected into the connected propulsion pipe. Since this is an underwater excavation method in which the second connecting cylinder is separated from the propulsion pipe after the water pressure is balanced with the outside, the second connecting cylinder is easily and quickly separated from the propelling pipe and recovered by a normal diving operation. be able to. As a result, it is possible to further reduce the period and cost of on-site construction and to ensure safety.

  Hereinafter, a specific example of the best mode for carrying out the underwater excavation apparatus of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an essential part of an underwater excavation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of B part (essential part of a connecting member) in FIG. FIG.

  The underwater excavation apparatus of the present invention is generally configured by a shield excavator (or a semi-shield excavator) 10, a first connecting cylinder 20, a second connecting cylinder 30, and a propelling pipe 40, and these are provided on the land portion. They are sequentially connected integrally in a start shaft (not shown), and the shield pipe is excavated while sequentially connecting the propulsion pipes 40, and is excavated to an underwater reaching position near the shoreline or a reaching standing pile (not shown) separately provided on the ground at this position. The reaching stake at the shore is inevitably filled with water. Moreover, this underwater excavation apparatus can also be applied to the case where groundwater is filled in the reaching vertical pile at a large depth in an inland area.

  Reference numerals 10t, 20t, and 30t in FIG. 1 are suspension brackets for lifting the shield machine 10, the first connecting cylinder 20, and the second connecting cylinder 30, respectively.

  The first connection cylinder 20 has a first water stop door 22 for preventing water from entering the rear end in advance in a watertight state, and the front end is bolted to the rear end of the shield machine 10. It is connected in a watertight state so as to be detachable by a fastening member 11 such as.

  The second connecting cylinder 30 has a second water stop door 32 for preventing water from entering the rear end in a watertight state in advance, and the rear end portion is the front end portion of the frontmost propulsion pipe 40. It is detachably connected to the watertight state.

  In this case, the front end outer surface portion of the foremost propulsion pipe 40 is detachably fitted into the rear end inner surface portion 31 of the second connecting cylinder 30 in a watertight manner, and the propulsion pipe 40 is inserted during shield excavation. Since they are always pressed in the direction of the second connecting cylinder 30 in the front, they will not be separated without using a separate connecting member.

  The first and second water stop doors 22 and 32 are welded to the rear ends of the first and second connecting cylinders 20 and 30, respectively, or can be attached and detached by a fastening member such as a bolt (not shown). You may make it attach to.

  Then, the rear end portion of the first connecting cylinder 20 and the front end portion of the second connecting cylinder 30 are detachably connected in a watertight manner via a connecting member 320 described later, whereby the shield machine 10, An underwater excavation apparatus is formed in which the one connecting cylinder 20, the second connecting cylinder 30, and the propulsion pipe 40 are integrally connected. Moreover, the 1st and 2nd connection pipe | tubes 20 and 30 can be reused also for the underwater excavation apparatus in another construction.

  In this case, the first and second water stop doors 22 and 32 include various pipes such as the water supply pipe 12 and the mud pipe 13 connected to the shield machine 10 and wirings such as drive control electrical wires (not shown). ) Are inserted through the first and second connecting pipe insertion ports 24 and 34, respectively. Sealing lids 24a and 34a that can be opened and closed or attached are attached to the first and second connecting pipe insertion ports 24 and 34, respectively. The sealing lids 24a and 34a can be opened / closed by a lock type (not shown) or attached / detached by bolts, for example.

  Therefore, when the shield machine 10, the first connecting cylinder 20, the second connecting cylinder 30, and the propulsion pipe 40 are integrally connected in the start up shaft, an underwater excavation apparatus is formed. The various pipes and wirings passing through can be connected to the shield machine 10 through the first and second connection pipe insertion holes 24 and 34. That is, the first and second water stop doors 22 and 32 having the first and second connection pipe insertion ports 24 and 34, respectively, can be attached in advance to the first and second connection pipes. ing.

  The first and second water stop doors 22 and 32 have first and second access ports 23 and 33 each having an open / close or detachable sealing lid 23a or 33a for an operator to enter and exit. Furthermore, it is provided. The sealing lids 23a and 33a can be opened / closed by a lock type (not shown) or attached / detached by bolts, for example.

  For this reason, an operator who has entered the underwater excavation apparatus from the start vertical shaft opens and closes the sealing lids 23a and 33a of the first and second access ports 23 and 33, and the various connections of the shield excavator 10 are performed. Piping and wiring can be easily attached and removed. After these operations are completed, the first and second access ports 23 and 33 are sealed by the sealing lids 23a and 33a.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the connecting member 320 includes a cylindrical portion 322 whose rear end portion is inserted and fixed to the inner surface of the front end of the second connecting tube 30, and a front end flange portion 321 fixed to the front end portion of the cylindrical portion 322. The outer periphery of the front end of the front end flange part 321 and the cylinder part 322 is configured to be inserted into the rear end inner surface part 20a of the first connecting cylinder 20 through a seal member 323 in a watertight state. A screw hole 321a is formed on the outer side PCD (pitch circle) of the front end flange portion 321, and a plurality of bolt insertion holes 321b are provided on the inner side PCD. Then, the front end flange portion 321 is externally fastened to the rear end portion of the first connecting cylinder 20 through a bolt insertion hole 22a provided in the first water stop door 22 and externally inserted into a screw hole 321a. Either by the member 21a or by an internal fastening member 21b such as a bolt inserted from the inside of the second connecting cylinder 30 into the screw hole 22b provided in the first water stop door 22 through the bolt insertion hole 321b. It is detachably attached by this method. Further, a seal member 324 that seals water from the outside is fitted between the front end flange portion 321 and the first water stop door 22. In this way, the rear end portion of the first connecting cylinder 20 and the front end portion of the second connecting cylinder 30 are connected from the outside by the external fastening member 21a or from the inside by the internal fastening member 21b via the connecting member 320. It is connected in a watertight state so as to be detachable by any method.

  For this reason, the external fastening member 21a is released from the outside in the water by a normal diving operation, and the connection member 320 attached to the second connection tube 30 side and the first connection tube 20 can be easily separated. Alternatively, an operator enters the first and second access ports 23 and 33 through the underwater excavation apparatus and removes various connection pipes and wirings, and at the same time, removes the internal fastening member 21b from the inside and performs the first connection. Separation of the connecting member 320 attached to the cylinder side and the second connecting cylinder 30 can be easily performed.

  The external fastening member 21a or the internal fastening member 21b is usually used to prevent subsidence due to the weight of the shield machine 10 in water or lifting due to buoyancy. In the case where a guide (not shown) for preventing the sinking machine 10 from sinking or lifting can be provided separately, these fastening members 21a or 21b can be omitted. In the latter case, as described above with reference to FIG. 3, the front end flange portion 321 of the connection member 320 fixed to the inner surface of the front end of the second connection tube 30 and the outer periphery of the front end portion of the tube portion 322 are the first connection tube. 20 is inserted into the rear end inner surface portion 20a in a watertight state, and the connecting member 320 fixed to the second connecting cylinder 30 via the propulsion pipe 40 is always in front of the first front end during shield digging. This is because they are pressed in the direction of the connecting cylinder 20 so that they are not separated without using the fastening member 21a or 21b separately. Therefore, especially in the latter case, since the fastening member 21a or 21b is not used, the connection of the first and second connecting cylinders 20 and 30 and the connection thereof can be more easily released and separated.

  Further, the second connecting cylinder 30 is further provided with an openable / closable water injection valve or plug 35 for filling water from the outside.

  With the configuration as described above, at the underwater reaching position, first, after removing the various connecting pipes and wirings of the shield machine 10, water injection provided to the second connecting cylinder 30 from the outside underwater by a normal diving operation. After opening the valve or plug 35 and filling the second connecting cylinder 30 with water to balance the water pressure with the outside, the connection of the first and second connecting cylinders 20 and 30 by the connecting member 320 is easily released. Can be separated. For this reason, the separation and recovery work of the shield machine 10 can be performed safely and easily in a short time.

Next, a description will be given of an underwater excavation method that uses the above-described underwater excavation apparatus of the present invention to perform shield excavation from the land to the sea, for example, in order to construct a groundwater channel.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a situation where the first and second connecting pipes 20 and 30 of FIG. 1 are separated and the shield machine 10 is recovered.

  In this example, the shield excavator is moved to the underwater reach position near the shoreline 51 by sequentially digging the shield while connecting the propulsion pipe 40 sequentially from the starting shaft (not shown) provided on the land portion 50 through the following steps. (Or semi-shield machine) 10 is recovered from underwater (underwater) 60.

  First, before starting from the starting shaft, the front end portion of the first connecting cylinder 20 to which the first water stop door 22 for preventing water from entering the rear end in advance is attached to the rear end of the shield machine 10. It connects to an edge part in the watertight state so that attachment or detachment is possible by the fastening members 11, such as a volt | bolt (1st connection cylinder connection process).

  Further, the rear end portion of the first connecting cylinder 20 and the front end portion of the second connecting cylinder 30 are connected in a watertight state via the connecting member 320 (see FIG. 3) that can be attached or detached from the outside or the inside (see FIG. 3). Second connecting cylinder connecting step).

  Next, the rear end portion of the second connecting cylinder 30 to which the second water stop door 32 for preventing water from entering the rear end in advance is attached to the front end portion of the foremost propulsion pipe 40 so as to be detachable. It connects in a watertight state, and forms the underwater excavation apparatus with which the shield machine 10, the 1st connection cylinder 20, the 2nd connection cylinder 30, and the propulsion pipe 40 were connected integrally (underwater excavation apparatus connection process). In this case, the front end outer surface portion of the foremost propulsion tube 40 is detachably fitted in the rear end inner surface portion 31 of the second connecting cylinder 30 in a watertight state, and the propulsion tube 40 is always in the front during the shield excavation thereafter. Since they are not separated from each other because they are pressed in the direction of the second connecting cylinder 30, a separate fastening member such as a bolt is unnecessary.

  In the first connecting tube connecting step, the second connecting tube connecting step, and the underwater excavator connecting step, the shield machine 10, the first connecting tube 20, the second connecting tube 30 and the propulsion tube 40 are connected. The order may be arbitrarily changed.

  And the 1st and 2nd connection pipe insertion ports 24 and 34 provided in the 1st and 2nd water stop doors 22 and 32, respectively, the water supply pipe 12 which passes through the inside of the propelling pipe 40, the drainage pipe 13, etc. Are connected to the shield machine 10 (pipe / wiring connecting step).

  Thereafter, the propulsion pipe 40 is sequentially connected from the starting vertical shaft to the underwater arrival position close to the shoreline 51 (assembled), and shield excavation is performed (shield excavation process).

  At this underwater arrival position, the various pipes and wires connected to the shield machine 10 are removed, and the first and second connection pipe insertion openings 24 and 34 are closed in a watertight state by the sealing lids 24a and 34a, respectively (piping・ Wiring removal process).

  In the piping / wiring connection step and the piping / wiring removal step, an operator who has entered the underwater excavation device from the starting vertical shaft makes the sealing lids 23a, 33a of the first and second access ports 23, 33. Is opened and closed, and the various connecting pipes and wirings of the shield machine 10 are attached and removed. After these operations are completed, the first and second access ports 23 and 33 are closed in a watertight state by the sealing lids 23a and 33a, respectively.

  Subsequently, the water injection valve or plug 35 provided in the second connecting cylinder 30 is opened from the outside underwater by a normal diving operation to fill the second connecting cylinder 30 with water to balance the water pressure with the outside (second In-cylinder water pressure balancing process)

  After confirming that the water pressure balance in the second connecting cylinder 30 is sufficiently performed, the first and second connecting cylinders by the connecting member 320 are removed by removing the external fastening member 21a from the outside in the water by a normal diving operation. 20 and 30 are released and the shield machine 10 side is separated (shield shield machine separation step).

  Alternatively, in the shield excavator separation process, a pipe / wiring removal process in which an operator enters the first and second access ports 23 and 33 through the underwater excavator and removes various connection pipes and wirings. Subsequently, after confirming that the hydraulic pressure balance in the second connecting cylinder 30 has been sufficiently performed (second connecting cylinder hydraulic pressure balancing step), the internal fastening member 21b is removed from the inside, and the first connecting cylinder 20 is removed. And the connecting member 320 fixed to the second connecting cylinder 30 side can be easily separated.

  Then, the separated shield machine 10 side is lifted and collected by the wire rope 70 with a collection ship (not shown) or the like (shield shield machine collecting step).

  After the shield machine recovering step, water is poured into the propulsion pipe 40 in which the second connecting cylinder 30 is connected to balance the water pressure with the outside (water pressure balancing step in the propulsion pipe). In this case, a water injection valve or a plug (not shown) provided in the second water stop door 32 of the second connecting cylinder 30 on the underwater reaching position side is used to submerge water into the propulsion pipe 40 from the start shaft side. There is a method of opening water from the outside and pouring water into the propelling pipe 40.

  After confirming that the water pressure balance in the propelling pipe 40 is sufficiently performed, the second connecting cylinder 30 is separated from the propelling pipe 40 by a normal diving operation, and the second connecting cylinder 30 is recovered from the water. (Second connecting cylinder recovery step).

  Thus, according to the excavation method using the underwater excavation apparatus of the present invention, the shield machine 10, the first connecting cylinder 20, the second connecting cylinder 30, and the propulsion pipe 40 are integrally connected in order at the starting shaft. In addition, the first and second water stop doors 22 and 32 having the first and second connection pipe insertion openings 24 and 34 are respectively attached to the first and second connection cylinders 20 and 30 in advance. Then, after reaching the underwater reaching position or the reaching vertical pile by shield excavation from the starting vertical shaft, the diving work of a skilled engineer is not required, and the connecting member 320 can be connected from the outside of the water or the inside of the underwater excavating device by the normal diving work. The first and second connecting cylinders 20 and 30 are easily and quickly separated to collect the shield machine, and the second connecting cylinder 30 and the propulsion pipe 40 are easily and quickly released and separated. To collect the second connecting cylinder 30 It is possible. As a result, it is possible to greatly reduce the period and cost of the local construction and ensure safety.

  This underwater excavation method can also be applied to cases where groundwater fills up in the upright pile at a large depth in the inland.

It is a principal part longitudinal cross-sectional view of the underwater excavation apparatus of one Example of this invention. It is an AA arrow line view of FIG. It is the B section (essential part of a connection member) enlarged view of Drawing 1. It is explanatory drawing of the condition which isolate | separates the 1st and 2nd connecting pipe of FIG. 1, and collect | recovers a shield machine. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the excavation apparatus in the conventional tunnel penetration method to the water (patent document 1). It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the excavation apparatus in the recovery method of the conventional excavator (patent document 2). It is a principal part longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

10 shield machine (or semi-shield machine)
11 Fastening members (bolts)
12 water supply pipe 13 drainage pipe 20 first connecting cylinder 20a, 31 rear end inner surface part 21a external fastening member (bolt)
21b Internal fastening member (bolt)
22 1st water stop door 22a, 321b Bolt insertion hole 22b, 321a Screw hole 23 1st access port 23a, 24a, 33a, 34a Sealing lid 24 1st connection pipe insertion port 30 2nd connection cylinder 32 2nd Water stop door 33 Second access port 34 Second connection pipe insertion port 35 Water injection valve or plug 40 Propulsion pipe 320 Connection member 321 Front end flange portion 322 Tube portion 323, 324 Seal member

Claims (8)

A first water stop door is installed in advance in the rear end to prevent water from entering, and the front end is detachably connected to the rear end of the shield machine (or semi-shield machine) in a watertight manner. A first connecting cylinder;
A second connecting cylinder in which a second water stop door for preventing water from entering in the rear end is attached in advance, and the rear end is detachably connected to the front end of the propelling pipe in a watertight state;
A connecting member that removably connects the rear end portion of the first connecting tube and the front end portion of the second connecting tube in a watertight state;
The first and second water stop doors have first and second connecting pipe insertion openings provided with open / close or detachable sealing lids through which various pipes and wirings connected to the shield machine are inserted. Is provided,
The shield tunneling machine, the first connecting cylinder, the second connecting cylinder, and the propulsion pipe are sequentially connected at the start shaft provided on the land, and the shield is excavated while connecting the propulsion pipe from the start shaft, and close to the shoreline. After reaching the underwater reaching position or the reaching standing pile filled with groundwater, the connection of the first and second connecting cylinders by the connecting member is released, and the shield machine separated in water is recovered. Underwater excavation equipment.   The first and second water stop doors are further provided with first and second access ports each provided with an open / close or detachable sealing lid for allowing workers to enter and exit. The underwater excavation apparatus according to claim 1.   The front end of the connecting member can be detachably attached to the rear end of the first connecting tube either from the outside by an external fastening member or from the inside by an internal fastening member. Item 1. An underwater excavation device according to item 1.   The connection between the second connecting cylinder and the propulsion pipe is performed by fitting the outer surface of the front end of the propulsion pipe in a watertight state into the inner surface of the rear end of the second connecting cylinder. The underwater excavation device described.   The said 2nd connection pipe | tube is further provided with the water injection valve or plug which can be opened and closed for filling with water from the outside, Either of Claim 1, Claim 3 or Claim 4 characterized by the above-mentioned. The underwater excavation apparatus described in the item. Shield excavation machine (or semi-shield excavation machine) is recovered after reaching the underwater reaching position near the shoreline or the reaching vertical pile filled with groundwater while connecting the propulsion pipes sequentially from the starter pit provided on the land. Underwater digging method,
In the start shaft, the front end portion of the first connecting cylinder, in which the first water stop door for preventing water from entering the rear end in advance is attached, is detachably attached to the rear end portion of the shield machine. A first connecting tube connecting step of connecting with
The front end portion of the second connecting cylinder, to which a second water stop door for preventing water from entering the rear end in advance is attached, is connected to the rear end portion of the first connecting cylinder via a connecting member that is detachable. A second connecting cylinder connecting step for connecting in a watertight state;
Underwater excavation in which the front end portion of the propulsion pipe is detachably connected to the rear end portion of the second connection tube in a watertight manner, and the shield machine, the first connection tube, the second connection tube, and the propulsion tube are sequentially connected. An underwater excavator connecting step for forming a device;
A piping / wiring connecting step of inserting various pipes and wires into the first and second connecting pipe insertion openings provided in the first and second water stop doors and connecting them to the shield machine,
A shield excavation process in which shield excavation is carried out while assembling the propulsion pipe from the starting vertical shaft to the underwater reaching position or the reaching vertical pile;
A pipe / wiring removal step of removing the various pipes and wires connected to the shield machine at the underwater reaching position or the reaching vertical pile and sealing the first and second connecting pipe insertion openings with the sealing lids, respectively;
A second connection in-cylinder water pressure balancing step of opening a water injection valve or plug provided in the second connection cylinder from the outside in water to fill the second connection cylinder with water and balance the water pressure with the outside;
A shield engraving machine separating step of releasing the connection of the first and second connecting cylinders by the connecting member and separating the shield machine side in water;
An underwater excavation method, comprising: a shield excavator recovery step of lifting and recovering the separated shield excavator side from the water.   In the piping / wiring connection step or the piping / wiring removal step, work is performed from the first and second access ports provided with opening / closing or detachable sealing lids provided in the first and second water stop doors, respectively. 7. The underwater excavation according to claim 6, wherein a person enters and exits to install and remove the various pipes and wirings, and the first and second access ports are sealed by the sealing lid after the completion of the work. Construction method. After the shield machine recovering step, the water pressure balancing step in the propulsion pipe that injects water into the propulsion pipe connected to the second connecting cylinder and balances the water pressure with the outside,
The second connecting cylinder recovery step of separating the second connecting cylinder from the propulsion pipe and recovering the second connecting cylinder from the water, further comprising: Underwater digging method.

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