CN114771773A - Large-tonnage sunken ship integral salvage method - Google Patents
Large-tonnage sunken ship integral salvage method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114771773A CN114771773A CN202210381821.9A CN202210381821A CN114771773A CN 114771773 A CN114771773 A CN 114771773A CN 202210381821 A CN202210381821 A CN 202210381821A CN 114771773 A CN114771773 A CN 114771773A
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- arc
- top beam
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- sunken ship
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
- B63C7/00—Salvaging of disabled, stranded, or sunken vessels; Salvaging of vessel parts or furnishings, e.g. of safes; Salvaging of other underwater objects
- B63C7/16—Apparatus engaging vessels or objects
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/204—Keeping clear the surface of open water from oil spills
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a large-tonnage sunken ship overall salvage method, which belongs to the technical field of sunken ship salvage, and by adopting the salvage method, the dredging is not needed in the process of downward mounting of a top beam and an arc beam, so that the construction time is greatly shortened; the top beam and the arc beam are high in mounting precision, small in influence of water flow, small in soil resistance and free of collision and disturbance risks to the sunken ship; the pushing process of the arc beam is fully mechanized, the construction time is short, the automation degree is high, the diving workload is less, and the construction efficiency is high; for sunken ships which are not normally sunk, the arc-shaped steel beam structure is adopted, so that the archaeological excavation can be conveniently performed in the later period; the top beam and the arc-shaped beam form a closed protection system of the sunken ship, the sunken ship and the primary stacking of peripheral sites are well protected, and the originality, integrity and safety of the sunken ship sites are ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sunken ship salvage, in particular to a large-tonnage sunken ship overall salvage method.
Background
For the traditional method of integrally salvaging the sunken ship, the method of penetrating the steel beams at the bottom of the ship generally comprises the steps of firstly dredging two sides of the sunken ship to reserve spaces, respectively putting down caisson and steel beams, then dragging each steel beam through a winch on the engineering ship to penetrate through the bottom of the ship, and integrally connecting the caisson and all the steel beams to protect the sunken ship. The traditional steel beam penetrating method is difficult in precision control, large in dredging amount and possible in back-silting influence and collapse, not only influences the whole construction progress and increases the cost, but also has risks of collision and disturbance to a sunken ship in the process of mounting the steel beam, so that the steel beam penetrating through the bottom of the ship is the most difficult link in the construction of the conventional ancient whole salvage project.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a large-tonnage sunken ship overall salvaging method which does not need to dig mud, has small influence of water flow and small soil resistance, has no risk of collision and disturbance to the sunken ship and greatly improves the construction efficiency and the safety.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the method for integrally fishing the large-tonnage sunken ship comprises the following steps:
(1) four positioning piles are arranged at four corners of the top beam, end plates are arranged on two side edges of the bottom of the top beam, and the positioning piles can guarantee underwater mounting accuracy of the top beam;
(2) the method comprises the following steps that a barge and a crane engineering ship are used for lowering a top beam to a sunken ship underwater position which is detected in advance, an end plate water-flushing sludge discharge pipeline is opened before a top beam end plate contacts with a sludge surface, the top beam is lowered while water is flushed and sludge is discharged, and the sludge discharge pipeline sucks sludge generated by end plate water flushing and discharges the sludge through a pipeline, so that the top beam end plate slowly sinks;
(3) when the top beam is lowered to a designed position of a mud surface, a diver inserts a limit pin into a hole closest to the top of the top beam to prevent the top beam from moving in the process of pushing the arc-shaped beam;
(4) connecting all components and pipelines of the arc beam on a deck of the engineering ship, installing the arc beam at a preset position of the lower rack, and inserting a plug pin for temporary fixation;
(5) hoisting the arc-shaped beam to launch, guiding the arc-shaped beam to a preset position of the top beam by a steel wire rope, connecting the arc-shaped beam with a lifting lug corresponding to the top beam by a pin shaft by a diver, and fixing the arc-shaped beam on the top beam;
(6) starting a cutting driving system at the front end of the arc beam, starting a cutting cutter disc to rotate and crush soil in the advancing direction of the arc beam, simultaneously starting a propulsion system at the tail end of the arc beam, starting a hydraulic motor of the propulsion system to push the arc beam, and enabling a first arc beam to penetrate through the bottom of the sunken ship along the circumferential direction;
(7) when the front end of the arc beam penetrates through the bottom of the sunken ship to be pushed to a designed position at the other end, a diver inserts the pin shaft into the pin hole to complete the connection of the arc beam and the top beam;
(8) installing a second arc-shaped beam on the top beam, hoisting the arc-shaped beam to the installation position of the second arc-shaped beam of the top beam by using the crane, connecting the lock catch structure of the second arc-shaped beam with the lock catch of the first arc-shaped beam when the second arc-shaped beam is threaded, and so on, and installing all the rest arc-shaped beams in place by penetrating through the bottom of the sunken ship;
(9) sealing glue is filled between the gaps of the lock catches between two adjacent arc-shaped beams, so that the soil wrapped by the arc-shaped beams is prevented from leaking;
(10) and using the hoisting equipment to integrally hoist and wrap the top beam and the arc beam combination body of the sunken ship to discharge water.
By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the following beneficial effects can be obtained:
the method for integrally salvaging the large-tonnage sunken ship does not need to dig mud in the process of downward mounting the top beam and the arc beam, thereby greatly shortening the construction time; the top beam and the arc beam are high in mounting precision, small in influence of water flow, small in soil resistance and free of collision and disturbance risks to the sunken ship; the pushing process of the arc beam is fully mechanized, the construction time is short, the automation degree is high, the diving workload is less, and the construction efficiency is high; for sunken ships which are not normally sunk, the arc-shaped steel beam structure is adopted, so that the sunken ships can be conveniently placed and excavated in the archaeological stage in the later period; the top beam and the arc-shaped beam form a closed protection system of the sunken ship, the sunken ship and the primary stacking of peripheral sites are well protected, and the originality, integrity and safety of the sunken ship sites are ensured.
Drawings
The contents of the description and the references in the drawings are briefly described as follows:
FIG. 1 is a first schematic view of a structure in which an arc-shaped beam is mounted on a top beam;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of an arched beam mounted to a top beam;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of the cap;
FIG. 4 is a first schematic structural view of an arc beam;
FIG. 5 is a second schematic structural view of an arc beam;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of the propulsion system at A of FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged fragmentary view of the cutting disk of FIG. 4 at B;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view illustrating a construction that a crane ship carries a cap to a designated position;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a top beam placed above a sunken vessel;
FIG. 10 is a first schematic view of the crane lowering the arched beam onto the top beam;
FIG. 11 is a second schematic view of the crane lowering the arched beam onto the top beam;
fig. 12 is a third schematic view of the crane lowering the arched beam onto the top beam.
The labels in the above figures are: 1. a top beam; 2. an arc beam; 21. a hydraulic motor; 22. a gear; 23. a cutter head is cut; 3. positioning a pile; 4. a circular arc support; 5. and an end plate.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which the shapes and structures of the respective members, the mutual positions and connection relationships between the respective portions, the operation and the working principle of the respective portions, and the like are described.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 it is shown, back timber 1 comprises rectangular frame and the end plate 5 that sets up at rectangular frame bottom both sides face, rectangular frame's four corners sets up spud pile 3, many circular arc supports 4 of rectangular frame upper portion equipartition, the inside cavity design that is of end plate 5, set up the bath mud pipe way in the end plate 5, when the back timber is transferred and is close to silt, the wash pipe way bath mud discharge, it makes the back timber transfer smoothly to wash away silt, still set up the mud pipe way in the end plate 5 simultaneously, the mud pipe way discharges the mud suction that the end plate bath produced through the pipeline, make back timber 1 slowly sink, wash pipe way and mud pipe way all are connected with mother's ship through the pipeline.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the arc beam 2 is semicircular overall, a propulsion system and a cutting cutter disc 23 are respectively arranged at two ends of the arc beam 2, the propulsion system is responsible for propelling the arc beam 2, and the cutting cutter disc 23 is responsible for cutting soil.
As shown in figures 1, 4, 6 and 7, when the arc beam 2 is put down on the upper part of the top beam 1, a gear 22 in the propulsion system is clamped on the arc support 4, when the arc beam is used, a cutting cutter disc 23 and a hydraulic motor 21 are started, the cutting cutter disc 23 cuts soil, the hydraulic motor 21 drives the gear 22 to move on the arc support 4 to slowly propel the arc beam 2 downwards, a sunken ship is in the top beam 1, and the arc beam 2 propels downwards to wrap the sunken ship.
As shown in the figure, the overall fishing method of the large-tonnage sunken ship comprises the following steps:
(1) four positioning piles 3 are arranged at four corners of the top beam 1, end plates 5 are arranged on two side edges of the bottom of the top beam 1, and the positioning piles 3 can ensure underwater installation accuracy of the top beam 1;
(2) as shown in fig. 8 and 9, a barge and a crane engineering ship are used to lower the top beam 1 to a position under the water of a sunken ship detected in advance, a water flushing and mud discharging pipeline of the end plate 5 is opened before the end plate 5 of the top beam 1 contacts with mud, the top beam 1 is lowered, water flushing and mud discharging are carried out at the same time, the mud discharging pipeline sucks and discharges the mud generated by water flushing of the end plate 5 through the pipeline, and the end plate of the top beam 1 slowly sinks;
(3) when the top beam 1 is lowered to a designed mud surface position, a diver inserts a limit pin into a hole closest to the top of the top beam 1 to prevent the top beam 1 from moving in the process of jacking the arc-shaped beam 2;
(4) connecting all components and pipelines of the arc beam 2 on a deck of the engineering ship, installing the arc beam 2 at a preset position of the lower rack, and inserting a bolt for temporary fixation;
(5) as shown in fig. 10, 11 and 12, the arc beam 2 is lifted and released to launch, the arc beam 2 is guided to a preset position of the top beam 1 by a steel wire rope, a diver connects the arc beam 2 with a lifting lug corresponding to the top beam 1 by a pin shaft, and the arc beam 2 is fixed on the top beam 1;
(6) starting a cutting driving system at the front end of the arc beam 2, starting the cutting cutter disc 23 to rotate and crush soil in the advancing direction of the arc beam 2, simultaneously starting a propelling system at the tail end of the arc beam 2, starting a hydraulic motor 21 of the propelling system to push the arc beam 2, and enabling a first arc beam 2 to penetrate through the bottom of the sunken ship along the circumferential direction;
(7) when the front end of the arc beam 2 penetrates through the bottom of the sunken ship to be pushed to a designed position at the other end, a diver inserts the pin shaft into the pin hole to complete the connection of the arc beam 2 and the top beam 1;
(8) installing a second arc beam 2 on the top beam 1, hanging the arc beam 2 by a crane to the installation position of the second arc beam of the top beam 1, connecting a lock catch structure of the second arc beam with a lock catch of the first arc beam when the second arc beam is threaded, and so on, and installing all the rest arc beams in place by penetrating through the bottom of the sunken ship;
(9) sealing glue is filled between the gaps of the lock catches between two adjacent arc-shaped beams 2, so that the leakage of the soil wrapped by the arc-shaped beams 2 is prevented;
(10) and using the hoisting equipment to integrally hoist the combined body of the top beam 1 and the arc-shaped beam 2 for wrapping the sunken ship to discharge water.
As shown in fig. 1, four positioning piles 3 are installed at four angular points of a top beam 1 to ensure the underwater installation accuracy of the top beam 1, a sling of the top beam 1 is installed on a deck of an engineering ship, the top beam 1 is lifted by an engineering ship crane to be launched into water, the top beam 1 is continuously lowered, an end plate 5 of the top beam 1 is in front of a mud contact surface, an end plate water-flushing mud-discharging pipeline is opened, the top beam 1 is lowered while water is flushed to discharge mud, and the end plate of the top beam is slowly lowered; when the top beam 1 starts to contact with the mud surface, a diver pays attention to observe the sinking state and speed of the top beam 1, and the sinking speed of the top beam 1 is gradually reduced by regulating and controlling the water flushing amount until the upper surface of the top beam 1 is attached to the offshore bed surface.
When the top beam 1 is lowered to the design position of the sea bed surface, a diver inserts a limit pin into a hole closest to the top of the top beam 1, and simultaneously inserts a wedge-shaped fixed block into a gap between the top beam positioning sleeve and a positioning pile to prevent the arc-shaped beam from moving in the jacking process. Connecting a pipeline system of the arc beam 2 on a deck of the engineering ship, respectively assembling a cutting drive box and a propulsion box at the front end and the tail end of the first arc beam 2, and inserting a bolt for temporary fixation; a crane on an engineering ship lifts and unloads the arc beam 2 into water, the arc beam 2 is guided to a preset position of the top beam 1 by a steel wire rope, a diver connects the arc beam 2 with a lifting lug corresponding to the top beam 1 by a pin shaft, and the arc beam 2 is fixed on the top beam 1.
The cutting drive system at the front end of the arc beam 2 is started, and the cutting cutter disc 23 starts to rotate and crush the soil in the advancing direction of the arc beam 2. And simultaneously, starting a propulsion system at the tail end of the arc beam 2, starting a hydraulic motor 21 of the propulsion system to push the arc beam 2, and enabling the first arc beam 2 to penetrate through the bottom of the sunken ship along the circumferential direction. In the propelling process, the propelling speed of the arc beam 2 is controlled, when the arc beam meets an obstacle and needs to be reversed in the propelling process, the hydraulic motor 21 can be reversed, the arc beam 2 is reversed for a certain distance, then the arc beam is advanced and pushed, the operation is repeated, and the arc beam 2 is continuously pushed forward after the obstacle is cleared by the cutter head; and analogizing the second arc-shaped beam 2 according to the steps, and installing all the rest arc-shaped beams 2 in place through the bottom of the sunken ship. And sealing glue is filled between the gaps of the lock catches between the arc-shaped beams 2 and the arc-shaped beams 2, so that the soil wrapped by the arc-shaped beams is prevented from leaking.
The method for salvaging the top beam and the arc beam does not need to dig mud in the process of installing the top beam and the arc beam, greatly shortens the construction time, has high installation precision of the top beam and the arc beam, is little influenced by water flow, has small earth resistance, and does not have collision and disturbance risks to a sunken ship; the arc-shaped beam pushing process is fully mechanized, the construction time is short, the automation degree is high, the diving workload is less, and the construction efficiency is high; for sunken ships which are not normally sunk, the arc-shaped steel beam structure is adopted, so that the sunken ships can be conveniently placed and excavated in the archaeological stage in the later period; the top beam and the arc-shaped beam form a closed protection system of the sunken ship, the sunken ship and the primary stacking of peripheral sites are well protected, and the originality, integrity and safety of the sunken ship sites are ensured.
The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various insubstantial modifications of the inventive concepts and solutions, or their direct application to other applications without modification, are intended to be covered by the scope of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. The method for integrally salvaging the large-tonnage sunken ship is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) four positioning piles are arranged at four corners of the top beam, end plates are arranged on two side edges of the bottom of the top beam, and the positioning piles can guarantee the underwater mounting precision of the top beam;
(2) lowering the top beam to a pre-detected underwater position of the sunken ship by using a barge and a hoisting engineering ship, opening an end plate water flushing and mud discharging pipeline before a top beam end plate contacts with a mud surface, lowering the top beam while flushing and discharging mud, sucking the mud generated by end plate water flushing by the mud discharging pipeline, and discharging the mud through the pipeline to enable the top beam end plate to slowly sink;
(3) when the top beam is lowered to a designed mud surface position, a diver inserts a limit pin into a hole closest to the top of the top beam to prevent the top beam from moving in the process of pushing the arc-shaped beam;
(4) connecting all components and pipelines of the arc beam on a deck of the engineering ship, installing the arc beam at a preset position of the lower rack, and inserting a plug pin for temporary fixation;
(5) hoisting the arc-shaped beam to launch, guiding the arc-shaped beam to a preset position of the top beam by a steel wire rope, connecting the arc-shaped beam with a lifting lug corresponding to the top beam by a pin shaft by a diver, and fixing the arc-shaped beam on the top beam;
(6) starting a cutting driving system at the front end of the arc beam, starting a cutting cutter disc to rotate and crush soil in the advancing direction of the arc beam, simultaneously starting a propulsion system at the tail end of the arc beam, starting a hydraulic motor of the propulsion system to push the arc beam, and enabling a first arc beam to penetrate through the bottom of the sunken ship along the circumferential direction;
(7) when the front end of the arc beam penetrates through the bottom of the sunken ship to be pushed to a designed position at the other end, a diver inserts the pin shaft into the pin hole to complete the connection of the arc beam and the top beam;
(8) installing a second arc-shaped beam on the top beam, hoisting the arc-shaped beam to the installation position of the second arc-shaped beam of the top beam by using the crane, connecting the lock catch structure of the second arc-shaped beam with the lock catch of the first arc-shaped beam when the second arc-shaped beam is threaded, and so on, and installing all the rest arc-shaped beams in place by penetrating through the bottom of the sunken ship;
(9) sealing glue is filled between the gaps of the lock catches between two adjacent arc-shaped beams, so that the soil wrapped by the arc-shaped beams is prevented from leaking;
(10) and integrally hoisting the top beam and the arc beam combined body for wrapping the sunken ship by using the hoisting equipment to discharge water.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210381821.9A CN114771773B (en) | 2022-04-12 | 2022-04-12 | Integral salvaging method for large-tonnage sunken ship |
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| CN202210381821.9A CN114771773B (en) | 2022-04-12 | 2022-04-12 | Integral salvaging method for large-tonnage sunken ship |
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| CN114771773B CN114771773B (en) | 2023-06-30 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114934473A (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-08-23 | 上海盾构设计试验研究中心有限公司 | Model test method of non-contact pipe curtain method |
| CN114986009A (en) * | 2022-07-28 | 2022-09-02 | 上海电气核电集团有限公司 | Welding method for arc-shaped beam for salvage of sunken ship |
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| GB143770A (en) * | 1919-09-01 | 1920-06-03 | George Gilford Lemons | Improvements in and relating to apparatus for raising sunken ships |
| CN101274663A (en) * | 2008-05-13 | 2008-10-01 | 交通部广州打捞局 | Method for salvaging wreck integrally by steel caisson |
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| CN107140156A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-09-08 | 交通运输部上海打捞局 | Backing girder steel raising integrally shipwreck method |
| CN207089607U (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2018-03-13 | 交通运输部上海打捞局 | Salvage a sunken ship and use backing girder steel |
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2022
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| GB143770A (en) * | 1919-09-01 | 1920-06-03 | George Gilford Lemons | Improvements in and relating to apparatus for raising sunken ships |
| CN201179965Y (en) * | 2008-03-21 | 2009-01-14 | 华南理工大学 | Sinking well for integrally salvaging underwater sunken vessel |
| EP2106997A1 (en) * | 2008-04-02 | 2009-10-07 | Saipem S.p.A. | Method and equipment for salvaging a wreck containing an environmental hazardous material |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114934473A (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-08-23 | 上海盾构设计试验研究中心有限公司 | Model test method of non-contact pipe curtain method |
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| CN114986009A (en) * | 2022-07-28 | 2022-09-02 | 上海电气核电集团有限公司 | Welding method for arc-shaped beam for salvage of sunken ship |
| CN114986009B (en) * | 2022-07-28 | 2022-10-28 | 上海电气核电集团有限公司 | Welding method for arc-shaped beam for salvage of sunken ship |
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| CN114771773B (en) | 2023-06-30 |
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