CN114771773B - Integral salvaging method for large-tonnage sunken ship - Google Patents
Integral salvaging method for large-tonnage sunken ship Download PDFInfo
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- CN114771773B CN114771773B CN202210381821.9A CN202210381821A CN114771773B CN 114771773 B CN114771773 B CN 114771773B CN 202210381821 A CN202210381821 A CN 202210381821A CN 114771773 B CN114771773 B CN 114771773B
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- arc
- top beam
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- sunken
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
- B63C7/00—Salvaging of disabled, stranded, or sunken vessels; Salvaging of vessel parts or furnishings, e.g. of safes; Salvaging of other underwater objects
- B63C7/16—Apparatus engaging vessels or objects
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/204—Keeping clear the surface of open water from oil spills
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a large-tonnage sunken ship integral salvaging method, which belongs to the technical field of sunken ship salvaging, and the salvaging method does not need to dredge mud in the process of lowering and installing top beams and arc beams, so that the construction time is greatly shortened; the top beam and the arc beam have high installation precision, are less influenced by water flow, have small soil resistance, and have no collision and disturbance risks to the sunken ship; the arc beam pushing process is fully mechanized, the construction time is short, the automation degree is high, the diving workload is small, and the construction efficiency is high; for sunken ships which are not sunken, an arc-shaped steel beam structure is adopted, so that the archaeological excavation can be conveniently adjusted in the later period; the top beam and the arc beam form a closed protection system of the sunken ship, so that the sunken ship and the primary pile-up of the peripheral site are well protected, and the originality, the integrity and the safety of the sunken ship site are ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of salvage of sunken ships, in particular to an integral salvage method of a large-tonnage sunken ship.
Background
For the whole salvaging of the traditional sunken ship, the method for penetrating the steel beams at the bottom of the ship generally comprises the steps of firstly dredging at two sides of the sunken ship to leave a space, respectively lowering caisson and the steel beams, then dragging each steel beam through the bottom of the ship by a winch on the engineering ship, and connecting the caisson and all the steel beams into a whole to protect the sunken ship. The traditional steel beam penetrating method is difficult in precision control, large in dredge quantity and capable of influencing the whole construction progress and increasing the cost due to the influence of back dredging and collapse, and the risk of collision and disturbance to a sunken ship in the steel beam installing process is caused, so that the steel beam penetrating at the bottom of the ship is the most difficult link for construction in the current ancient whole salvage project.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of providing a large-tonnage sunken ship integral salvaging method which is free from dredging, is little influenced by water flow, has small soil resistance, is free from collision and disturbance risks to the sunken ship, and greatly improves the construction efficiency and the safety.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the integral salvaging method for the large-tonnage sunken ship comprises the following steps:
(1) Four positioning piles are arranged at four corners of the top beam, end plates are arranged at two sides of the bottom of the top beam, and the positioning piles can ensure the underwater installation accuracy of the top beam;
(2) The top beam is lowered to the underwater position of the immersed vessel detected in advance by using a barge and a crane engineering ship, an end plate flushing and mud discharging pipeline is opened before the top beam end plate contacts mud, the top beam is lowered, and mud is flushed and discharged at the same time, and the mud generated by flushing the end plate is pumped by the mud discharging pipeline to be discharged through the pipeline, so that the top beam end plate is slowly submerged;
(3) When the top beam is lowered to the mud surface design position, a diver inserts a limiting pin into a hole closest to the top of the top beam, so that the top beam is prevented from moving in the process of jacking the arc-shaped beam;
(4) Connecting all the components and pipelines of the arc beam on the deck of the engineering ship, then installing the arc beam at a preset position of a lowering rack, and temporarily fixing by inserting a bolt;
(5) Suspending an arc beam to drain, guiding the arc beam to a preset position of a top beam by a steel wire rope, connecting the arc beam with a lifting lug corresponding to the top beam by a diver through a pin shaft, and fixing the arc beam on the top beam;
(6) Starting a cutting driving system at the front end of the arc-shaped beam, starting a cutting cutter head to rotate and crush soil in the advancing direction of the arc-shaped beam, starting a propelling system at the tail end of the arc-shaped beam, and starting a hydraulic motor of the propelling system to push the arc-shaped beam, wherein the first arc-shaped beam passes through the bottom of the sunken ship along the circumferential direction;
(7) When the front end of the arc-shaped beam passes through the bottom of the sunken ship and is pushed to the design position of the other end, a diver inserts a pin shaft into the pin hole, and the connection between the arc-shaped beam and the top beam is completed;
(8) The second arc-shaped beam is mounted on the top beam, the crane lifts the arc-shaped beam to the mounting position of the second arc-shaped beam of the top beam, when the second arc-shaped beam is penetrated, the locking structure of the second arc-shaped beam is connected with the locking structure of the first arc-shaped beam, and the like, all the remaining arc-shaped beams are mounted in place through the bottom of the sunken ship;
(9) Sealing glue is filled between gaps of the lock catches between two adjacent arc beams, so that soil leakage flow wrapped by the arc beams is prevented;
(10) And integrally hoisting the top beam and arc beam combination body which wraps the sunken ship by using a hoisting device to discharge water.
By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the following beneficial effects can be obtained:
according to the integral salvaging method for the large-tonnage sunken ship, the dredging is not needed in the process of lowering and installing the top beam and the arc beam, so that the construction time is greatly shortened; the top beam and the arc beam have high installation precision, are less influenced by water flow, have small soil resistance, and have no collision and disturbance risks to the sunken ship; the arc beam pushing process is fully mechanized, the construction time is short, the automation degree is high, the diving workload is small, and the construction efficiency is high; for sunken ships which are not sunken, an arc-shaped steel beam structure is adopted, so that the archaeological excavation can be conveniently adjusted in the later period; the top beam and the arc beam form a closed protection system of the sunken ship, so that the sunken ship and the primary pile-up of the peripheral site are well protected, and the originality, the integrity and the safety of the sunken ship site are ensured.
Drawings
The following is a brief description of what is expressed in the drawings of this specification and the references in the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an arc beam mounted on a top beam;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of an arcuate beam mounted to a top beam;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the header;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an arc beam;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a second configuration of an arc beam;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of the propulsion system of FIG. 4A;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion of the cutter disc at B in FIG. 4;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a crane vessel for transporting a header to a designated location;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the placement of the header above the sunken vessel;
FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of a crane lowering an arc beam onto a top beam;
FIG. 11 is a second schematic illustration of the crane lowering an arcuate beam onto a top beam;
fig. 12 is a schematic view of a crane lowering an arcuate beam onto a top beam.
The labels in the above figures are: 1. a top beam; 2. arc beam; 21. a hydraulic motor; 22. a gear; 23. a cutter head; 3. positioning piles; 4. a circular arc bracket; 5. end plates.
Detailed Description
The following describes the shape, structure, mutual position and connection relation between the parts, action and working principle of the parts, etc. of the specific embodiments of the present invention, such as the related parts, will be further described in detail by describing examples.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the top beam 1 is composed of a rectangular frame and end plates 5 arranged on two sides of the bottom of the rectangular frame, positioning piles 3 are arranged at four corners of the rectangular frame, a plurality of circular arc supports 4 are uniformly distributed on the upper portion of the rectangular frame, the interior of each end plate 5 is hollow, a flushing mud discharging pipeline is arranged in each end plate 5, when the top beam is placed close to sludge, the flushing pipeline flushes the mud, the flushing mud enables the top beam to be placed smoothly, meanwhile, a mud discharging pipeline is also arranged in each end plate 5, and the mud discharging pipeline sucks the sludge generated by flushing the end plates and discharges the sludge through the pipeline, so that the top beam 1 sinks slowly, and the flushing pipeline and the mud discharging pipeline are connected with a mother ship through pipelines.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the arc beam 2 is semicircular integrally, two ends of the arc beam 2 are respectively provided with a propulsion system and a cutter disc 23, the propulsion system is responsible for propelling the arc beam 2, and the cutter disc 23 is responsible for cutting soil.
As shown in fig. 1, 4, 6 and 7, when the arc beam 2 is lowered onto the top of the top beam 1, a gear 22 in the propulsion system is clamped on the arc bracket 4, when the arc beam is used, a cutter disc 23 and a hydraulic motor 21 are started, the cutter disc 23 cuts soil, the hydraulic motor 21 drives the gear 22 to move on the arc bracket 4 to slowly push the arc beam 2 downwards, the sunken ship is in the top beam 1, and the arc beam 2 is pushed downwards to wrap the sunken ship.
As shown in the figure, the integral salvaging method of the large-tonnage sunken ship comprises the following steps of:
(1) Four positioning piles 3 are arranged at four corners of the top beam 1, end plates 5 are arranged at two sides of the bottom of the top beam 1, and the positioning piles 3 can ensure the underwater installation accuracy of the top beam 1;
(2) As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the top beam 1 is lowered to the underwater position of the sunken ship detected in advance by using a barge and a crane engineering ship, before the end plate 5 of the top beam 1 contacts mud, a flushing and mud discharging pipeline of the end plate 5 is opened, the top beam 1 is lowered, and the mud discharging pipeline flushes and discharges the mud generated by flushing the end plate 5 by sucking the mud generated by flushing the end plate 5 through the pipeline, so that the end plate of the top beam 1 is slowly submerged;
(3) When the top beam 1 is lowered to the mud surface design position, a diver inserts a limiting pin into a hole closest to the top of the top beam 1, so that the top beam 1 is prevented from moving in the process of jacking the arc-shaped beam 2;
(4) Connecting all components and pipelines of the arc beam 2 on a deck of an engineering ship, then installing the arc beam 2 at a preset position of a lowering rack, and temporarily fixing by inserting a bolt;
(5) As shown in fig. 10, 11 and 12, the arc-shaped beam 2 is suspended and launched, the arc-shaped beam 2 is guided to a preset position of the top beam 1 by a steel wire rope, a diver connects the arc-shaped beam 2 with a lifting lug corresponding to the top beam 1 by a pin shaft, and the arc-shaped beam 2 is fixed on the top beam 1;
(6) Starting a cutting driving system at the front end of the arc-shaped beam 2, starting a cutter disc 23 to rotate and crush soil in the advancing direction of the arc-shaped beam 2, starting a propulsion system at the tail end of the arc-shaped beam 2, and starting a hydraulic motor 21 of the propulsion system to push the arc-shaped beam 2, wherein the first arc-shaped beam 2 passes through the bottom of the sunken ship along the circumferential direction;
(7) When the front end of the arc beam 2 passes through the bottom of the sunken ship and is pushed to the design position of the other end, a diver inserts a pin shaft into the pin hole to complete the connection of the arc beam 2 and the top beam 1;
(8) The second arc-shaped beam 2 is mounted on the top beam 1, the crane lifts the arc-shaped beam 2 to the mounting position of the second arc-shaped beam of the top beam 1, when the second arc-shaped beam is penetrated, the locking structure of the second arc-shaped beam is connected with the locking structure of the first arc-shaped beam, and the like, all the remaining arc-shaped beams are mounted in place through the bottom of the sunken ship;
(9) Sealing glue is filled between the gaps of the lock catches between two adjacent arc beams 2 to prevent the soil leakage flow wrapped by the arc beams 2;
(10) The combined body of the top beam 1 and the arc beam 2 which wrap the sunken ship is integrally lifted by using the lifting equipment to discharge water.
As shown in fig. 1, four positioning piles 3 are installed at four corner points of the top beam 1 to ensure the underwater installation precision of the top beam 1, a top beam 1 sling is installed on a deck of an engineering ship, the engineering ship crane lifts the top beam 1 down, the top beam 1 is continuously lowered, an end plate 5 of the top beam 1 is in front of the contact mud, an end plate flushing and mud discharging pipeline is opened, the top beam 1 is lowered, and mud is flushed and discharged at the same time, so that the end plate of the top beam is slowly sunk; when the top beam 1 starts to contact the mud surface, the diver notices to observe the sinking state and speed of the top beam 1, and the flushing amount is regulated to gradually reduce the sinking speed of the top beam 1 until the upper surface of the top beam 1 is close to the seabed surface.
When the top beam 1 is lowered to the seabed surface design position, a diver inserts a limiting pin into a hole closest to the top of the top beam 1, and simultaneously inserts a wedge-shaped fixing block into a gap between the top beam positioning sleeve and the positioning pile, so that the movement of the top beam is prevented from being caused in the process of jacking the arc-shaped beam. The pipeline system of the arc-shaped beam 2 is connected on the deck of the engineering ship, the cutting driving box and the propelling box are respectively assembled to the front end and the tail end of the first arc-shaped beam 2, and a bolt is inserted for temporary fixation; the crane on the engineering ship hangs down the arc-shaped beam 2, the arc-shaped beam 2 is guided to the preset position of the top beam 1 by a steel wire rope, the diver connects the arc-shaped beam 2 with the lifting lug corresponding to the top beam 1 by a pin shaft, and the arc-shaped beam 2 is fixed on the top beam 1.
The cutting drive system at the front end of the arc beam 2 is started, and the cutter disc 23 starts to rotate and break up the earth in the advancing direction of the arc beam 2. Simultaneously, the end propulsion system of the arc-shaped beam 2 is started, and the hydraulic motor 21 of the propulsion system starts to push the arc-shaped beam 2, so that the first arc-shaped beam 2 passes through the bottom of the sunken ship along the circumferential direction. The pushing speed of the arc beam 2 is controlled in the pushing process, when the arc beam 2 encounters an obstacle in the pushing process and needs to be reversed, the hydraulic motor 21 can be reversed, so that the arc beam 2 is reversed for a certain distance, then the arc beam 2 is pushed forward and pushed, the operation is repeated, and the arc beam 2 is pushed forward after the cutter head clears the obstacle; and (3) analogizing the second arc-shaped beam 2 according to the steps, and installing all the remaining arc-shaped beams 2 in place through the bottom of the sunken ship. And sealing glue is filled between the arc-shaped beam 2 and the gaps of the lock catches between the arc-shaped beams 2, so that soil leakage flow wrapped by the arc-shaped beams is prevented.
The salvaging method has the advantages that the dredging is not needed in the process of installing the top beam and the arc beam, the construction time is greatly shortened, the top beam and the arc beam are high in installation precision, less in influence of water flow, small in soil resistance, and free of collision and disturbance risks to the sunken ship; the arc beam pushing process is fully mechanized, the construction time is short, the automation degree is high, the diving workload is small, and the construction efficiency is high; for sunken ships which are not sunken, an arc-shaped steel beam structure is adopted, so that the archaeological excavation can be conveniently adjusted in the later period; the top beam and the arc beam form a closed protection system of the sunken ship, so that the sunken ship and the primary pile-up of the peripheral site are well protected, and the originality, the integrity and the safety of the sunken ship site are ensured.
While the invention has been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, it will be apparent that the invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but is capable of being modified or applied directly to other applications without modification, as long as various insubstantial modifications of the method concept and technical solution of the invention are adopted, all within the scope of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. The integral salvaging method for the large-tonnage sunken ship is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Four positioning piles are arranged at four corners of the top beam, end plates are arranged at two sides of the bottom of the top beam, and the positioning piles can ensure the underwater installation accuracy of the top beam;
(2) The top beam is lowered to the underwater position of the immersed vessel detected in advance by using a barge and a crane engineering ship, an end plate flushing and mud discharging pipeline is opened before the top beam end plate contacts mud, the top beam is lowered, and mud is flushed and discharged at the same time, and the mud generated by flushing the end plate is pumped by the mud discharging pipeline to be discharged through the pipeline, so that the top beam end plate is slowly submerged;
(3) When the top beam is lowered to the mud surface design position, a diver inserts a limiting pin into a hole closest to the top of the top beam, so that the top beam is prevented from moving in the process of jacking the arc-shaped beam;
(4) Connecting all the components and pipelines of the arc beam on the deck of the engineering ship, then installing the arc beam at a preset position of a lowering rack, and temporarily fixing by inserting a bolt;
(5) Suspending an arc beam to drain, guiding the arc beam to a preset position of a top beam by a steel wire rope, connecting the arc beam with a lifting lug corresponding to the top beam by a diver through a pin shaft, and fixing the arc beam on the top beam;
(6) Starting a cutting driving system at the front end of the arc-shaped beam, starting a cutting cutter head to rotate and crush soil in the advancing direction of the arc-shaped beam, starting a propelling system at the tail end of the arc-shaped beam, and starting a hydraulic motor of the propelling system to push the arc-shaped beam, wherein the first arc-shaped beam passes through the bottom of the sunken ship along the circumferential direction;
(7) When the front end of the arc-shaped beam passes through the bottom of the sunken ship and is pushed to the design position of the other end, a diver inserts a pin shaft into the pin hole, and the connection between the arc-shaped beam and the top beam is completed;
(8) The second arc-shaped beam is mounted on the top beam, the crane lifts the arc-shaped beam to the mounting position of the second arc-shaped beam of the top beam, when the second arc-shaped beam is penetrated, the locking structure of the second arc-shaped beam is connected with the locking structure of the first arc-shaped beam, and the like, all the remaining arc-shaped beams are mounted in place through the bottom of the sunken ship;
(9) Sealing glue is filled between gaps of the lock catches between two adjacent arc beams, so that soil leakage flow wrapped by the arc beams is prevented;
(10) And integrally hoisting the top beam and arc beam combination body which wraps the sunken ship by using a hoisting device to discharge water.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210381821.9A CN114771773B (en) | 2022-04-12 | 2022-04-12 | Integral salvaging method for large-tonnage sunken ship |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210381821.9A CN114771773B (en) | 2022-04-12 | 2022-04-12 | Integral salvaging method for large-tonnage sunken ship |
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| CN114771773A CN114771773A (en) | 2022-07-22 |
| CN114771773B true CN114771773B (en) | 2023-06-30 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114934473B (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2024-02-27 | 上海盾构设计试验研究中心有限公司 | Model test method of non-contact pipe curtain method |
| CN114986009B (en) * | 2022-07-28 | 2022-10-28 | 上海电气核电集团有限公司 | Welding method for arc-shaped beam for salvage of sunken ship |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB143770A (en) * | 1919-09-01 | 1920-06-03 | George Gilford Lemons | Improvements in and relating to apparatus for raising sunken ships |
| CN101274663A (en) * | 2008-05-13 | 2008-10-01 | 交通部广州打捞局 | Method for salvaging wreck integrally by steel caisson |
| CN201179965Y (en) * | 2008-03-21 | 2009-01-14 | 华南理工大学 | Sinking well for integrally salvaging underwater sunken vessel |
| EP2106997A1 (en) * | 2008-04-02 | 2009-10-07 | Saipem S.p.A. | Method and equipment for salvaging a wreck containing an environmental hazardous material |
| CN102248990A (en) * | 2011-05-25 | 2011-11-23 | 胡校峰 | Sunken vessel salvage device and sunken vessel salvage method |
| CN107140156A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-09-08 | 交通运输部上海打捞局 | Backing girder steel raising integrally shipwreck method |
| CN207089607U (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2018-03-13 | 交通运输部上海打捞局 | Salvage a sunken ship and use backing girder steel |
-
2022
- 2022-04-12 CN CN202210381821.9A patent/CN114771773B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB143770A (en) * | 1919-09-01 | 1920-06-03 | George Gilford Lemons | Improvements in and relating to apparatus for raising sunken ships |
| CN201179965Y (en) * | 2008-03-21 | 2009-01-14 | 华南理工大学 | Sinking well for integrally salvaging underwater sunken vessel |
| EP2106997A1 (en) * | 2008-04-02 | 2009-10-07 | Saipem S.p.A. | Method and equipment for salvaging a wreck containing an environmental hazardous material |
| CN101274663A (en) * | 2008-05-13 | 2008-10-01 | 交通部广州打捞局 | Method for salvaging wreck integrally by steel caisson |
| CN102248990A (en) * | 2011-05-25 | 2011-11-23 | 胡校峰 | Sunken vessel salvage device and sunken vessel salvage method |
| CN107140156A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-09-08 | 交通运输部上海打捞局 | Backing girder steel raising integrally shipwreck method |
| CN207089607U (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2018-03-13 | 交通运输部上海打捞局 | Salvage a sunken ship and use backing girder steel |
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| CN114771773A (en) | 2022-07-22 |
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