JP2008264641A - Treatment apparatus of harmful substance, such as organic halogen compound - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a treatment apparatus of harmful substances such as an organic halogen compound and the like which efficiently agitates solid to which harmful substances are attached and adsorbed by an agitation mechanism to enhance the treatment efficiency. <P>SOLUTION: The treatment apparatus of harmful substances is provided with an enclosure 1 to introduce the solid to which the harmful substances such as an organic compound and the like are attached and adsorbed, a micro-wave irradiation mechanism 2 to radiate microwave to the solid which the harmful substances introduced to the enclosure 1 are attached and adsorbed and the agitation mechanism 6 having a rotation blade 61A, 61B arranged multistagedly to the up and down direction for agitating the solid to which the harmful substances introduced into the disclosure 1 are attached and adsorbed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a processing apparatus for harmful substances such as organic halogen compounds, and in particular, to decompose harmful substances such as organic halogen compounds by irradiating microwaves on solids to which harmful substances such as organic halogen compounds are attached and adsorbed. The present invention relates to an apparatus for treating harmful substances such as organic halogen compounds.

  Dust collection ash discharged from municipal waste incinerators, electric furnaces, etc. and collected by dust collectors contains harmful substances such as dioxins and other organic halogen compounds. After being solidified by an apparatus or the like to prevent the elution of harmful substances such as organic halogen compounds, a treatment such as landfilling was performed.

  On the other hand, for the purpose of minimizing the adverse effects of dioxins on the human body, according to the “Ministerial Ordinance on the Standards and Measurement Methods for the Amount of Dioxins Contained in Soot and Dust in Waste Incinerators” Since December 1st, the regulation on the concentration of dioxins contained in dust collection ash to be 3 nanograms or less per gram of dust collection ash has been made, and dioxins are also removed from dust collection ash It became necessary to take measures to do.

  In order to comply with this regulation, the dust ash is heated in oxygen-deficient state at 350 ° C or higher, preferably 400 ° C or higher for 30 minutes or longer, and further rapidly cooled to 200 ° C or lower after heating to prevent resynthesis. And a method of decomposing dioxins by irradiating microwaves to dust collection ash, which has been put to practical use (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3).

By the way, the casing for introducing the dust collection ash used when irradiating the dust collection ash with microwaves has a stirring mechanism having a rotating blade for stirring the solid adhering to and adsorbing the harmful substances introduced into the casing. Although it is arranged, this stirring mechanism is a flat one in which the rotating blades are attached so as to extend in the radial direction with respect to the rotation axis, so that it is difficult to stir solids with adhering or adsorbing harmful substances. There was a problem that processing efficiency was low.
JP 2000-334062 A JP 2001-19646 A JP 2005-169291 A

  In view of the problems of the processing apparatus using the microwave, the present invention efficiently stirs a solid to which harmful substances are adhered and adsorbed by a stirring mechanism, thereby improving the processing efficiency. It aims at providing the processing apparatus of harmful substances, such as a halogen compound.

  In order to achieve the above-described object, the processing apparatus for harmful substances such as organic halogen compounds according to the present invention includes a housing for introducing a solid to which harmful substances such as organic halogen compounds are attached and adsorbed, and a harmful substance introduced into the housing. Hazardous to organic halogen compounds, etc., equipped with a microwave irradiation mechanism that irradiates a solid to which a solid adheres and is adsorbed, and a stirring mechanism that has a rotating blade that stirs the solid that has adhered and adsorbed to a hazardous substance In the substance processing apparatus, the rotating blades of the stirring mechanism are arranged in multiple stages in the vertical direction.

  In this case, the rotational outer peripheral diameter of the rotary blade disposed in the upper stage can be set smaller than the rotational outer peripheral diameter of the rotary blade disposed in the lower stage.

  Further, the rotary blade is constituted by a plate-like member, and the plate-like member is a rotation support shaft that extends in the radial direction with respect to the rotation axis so that the lower end of the plate-like member is located on the front side in the rotation direction of the rotary blade. In addition, the rotary blades disposed in the upper stage can be positioned on a substantially extended line in the tilt direction of the rotary blades disposed in the lower stage.

  Further, the rotating blade is composed of a plate-like member in which the comb teeth are formed on the upper portion and the scraper is formed on the lower portion, and in the vicinity of an integral multiple of 1/4 of the wavelength of the microwave that irradiates the size of the gap between the comb teeth. Can be removed.

  The apparatus for treating harmful substances such as organic halogen compounds according to the present invention includes a housing for introducing solids to which harmful substances such as organic halogen compounds are attached and adsorbed, and a solid to which harmful substances introduced into the case are attached and adsorbed. In an apparatus for treating harmful substances such as organic halogen compounds, comprising a microwave irradiation mechanism for irradiating microwaves, and a stirring mechanism having a rotating blade for stirring solids adhering to and adsorbing the harmful substances introduced into the housing, By arranging the rotating blades of the stirring mechanism in multiple stages in the vertical direction, it is possible to efficiently stir solids (sometimes referred to as “objects to be treated” in this specification) to which harmful substances are attached and adsorbed by the stirring mechanism. The processing efficiency can be improved by uniformly irradiating the object to be processed with microwaves.

  Further, by setting the rotational outer peripheral diameter of the rotary blade disposed in the upper stage to be smaller than the rotational outer peripheral diameter of the rotary blade disposed in the lower stage, the processing object is circulated between the center side and the outer peripheral side of the processing apparatus. This makes it easier to stir the object to be processed.

  Further, the rotary blade is constituted by a plate-like member, and the plate-like member is a rotation support shaft that extends in the radial direction with respect to the rotation axis so that the lower end of the plate-like member is located on the front side in the rotation direction of the rotary blade. By attaching the rotating blades disposed in the upper stage to the lower blades, the rotating blades disposed in the upper stage are positioned on the substantially extended line in the inclination direction of the rotating blades disposed in the lower stage. By continuously scooping up the processing target that has been scooped up and easily moved by the rotary blades arranged in the upper stage, the processing target can be stirred more efficiently.

  Further, the rotating blade is composed of a plate-like member in which the comb teeth are formed on the upper portion and the scraper is formed on the lower portion, and in the vicinity of an integral multiple of 1/4 of the wavelength of the microwave that irradiates the size of the gap between the comb teeth. In this case, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of an abnormal phenomenon due to the resonance of the microwave in the vicinity of the rotating blade when a comb-shaped rotating blade is used. Stirring can be ensured by scraping from the bottom of the body.

  Embodiments of a processing apparatus for harmful substances such as organic halogen compounds according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  1 to 4 show an embodiment of a processing apparatus for harmful substances such as organic halogen compounds of the present invention.

  The processing apparatus for harmful substances such as organic halogen compounds includes a housing 1 configured as a sealed container for introducing a solid (for example, powder such as dust collection ash) to which harmful substances such as organic halogen compounds are attached and adsorbed; A microwave irradiation mechanism 2 that irradiates a solid to which a harmful substance introduced into and adsorbed in the casing 1 is irradiated with microwaves, and a rotating blade 61A that stirs the solid to which the harmful substance introduced into the casing 1 is adhered and adsorbed , 61B (in this embodiment, the stirring mechanism 6 serves as a discharge mechanism that guides the treated solid to the outlet portion 5a).

In this case, the housing 1 has a planar cross-sectional shape of the peripheral wall 1A of the upper half of the housing 1 constituting the microwave irradiation space above the solid to which the harmful substance introduced into the housing 1 adheres and is adsorbed. The polygon is formed to be a pentagon or more (not particularly limited, but in the present embodiment, a substantially regular octagon).
Here, “the planar cross-sectional shape is formed by a polygon having a pentagon or more” specifically, the peripheral wall 1A of the upper half of the casing 1 is formed by a polygonal cylinder shape or a pyramid or a pyramid of a pentagon or more. It means forming into a shape.
As a result, the microwave reflected by the inner wall surface of the peripheral wall 1A of the upper half of the housing 1 does not concentrate on a specific location, and the solid object to which a harmful substance such as an organic halogen compound as a processing target adheres or is adsorbed. Microwaves can be irradiated uniformly.
The number of sides of the polygon is not particularly limited as long as it is 5 or more. However, when it exceeds 20, the shape approaches a circle, and the inner wall surface of the peripheral wall 1A of the upper half of the housing 1 The reflected microwave tends to concentrate on the central axis of the housing 1, which is not preferable.
On the other hand, when the number is four or less, a corner is difficult to be irradiated with microwaves, which is not preferable.

Moreover, it is preferable that the polygon of a planar cross-sectional shape is a substantially regular polygon.
Thereby, it is possible to uniformly irradiate the processing object with the microwave without bias.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the polygon of a planar cross-sectional shape is a polygon having an odd number of sides. Thus, the microwave does not reflect between the inner wall surfaces of the peripheral wall 1A of the upper half of the casing 1 facing each other as in the case of a polygon having an even number of sides, and the upper half of the casing 1 is not reflected. The microwaves reflected by the inner wall surface of the peripheral wall 1A are easily dispersed, and the processing object can be more uniformly irradiated with the microwaves.

Further, the peripheral wall 1A of the upper half of the housing 1 is preferably formed in a pyramid shape or a truncated pyramid shape (not particularly limited, but in the present embodiment, a substantially regular octagonal truncated pyramid shape).
Thereby, the microwave reflected on the inner wall surface of the peripheral wall 1A of the upper half of the casing can be directed downward, and the object to be processed can be efficiently irradiated with the microwave.
In this case, the angle θ of the upper half of the casing 1 with respect to the vertical surface of the peripheral wall 1A is set to several degrees to 20 degrees (although it is not particularly limited, it is about 5 degrees in this embodiment). It is preferable.

On the other hand, the peripheral wall 1B in the lower half of the housing 1 stirs the solid adhered to and adsorbed by the harmful substances introduced into the housing 1, and has a stirring mechanism 6 for guiding the treated solid to the outlet portion 5a. In view of the arrangement, it is formed in a cylindrical shape.
In this embodiment, the peripheral wall 1A of the upper half of the casing 1 and the peripheral wall 1B of the lower half are connected to each other by the gentle peripheral wall 1C so that the projection serves as an antenna against electromagnetic waves. The structure is small.

  The housing 1 is preferably made of a material having low electromagnetic wave absorption such as stainless steel, aluminum, aluminum alloy or the like, but can also be made of an iron-based material.

  A plurality of microwave irradiation mechanisms 2 are provided on the upper surface and / or the upper half of the casing 1, and a filter filtering mechanism 3 for filtering exhaust gas generated in the casing 1 on the upper surface and an organic halogen compound. The solid introduction part 4 to which harmful substances such as adhering and adhering are added to the stirring mechanism 6 also serving as a discharge mechanism on the lower surface, the treated solid lead-out part 5a, the drain lead-out part 5b, and the temperature of the solid being treated The thermocouples 7 for measuring are respectively arranged.

If necessary, remove the harmful substances such as organic halogen compounds from the water addition mechanism, alkali substance addition mechanism, electromagnetic wave absorbing substance addition mechanism, reducing agent addition mechanism, etc. (not shown). It is possible to add water, alkali substances (calcium oxide CaO, sodium hydroxide NaOH, etc.), electromagnetic wave absorbing substances (activated carbon, iron oxide, etc.), reducing agents, etc. necessary for the decomposition treatment. In addition to the alkali substance addition mechanism, electromagnetic wave absorbing substance addition mechanism, reducing agent addition mechanism, etc. provided in the housing 1, they are disposed in the previous process of the treatment process by this treatment apparatus, and are toxic substances such as organic halogen compounds. It is also possible to supply to the housing 1 in a state where moisture, an alkaline substance, an electromagnetic wave absorbing substance, a reducing agent, etc. are added to the solid adhered and adsorbed.
In addition, as an additive substance, it is also possible to supply air or nitrogen into the housing 1 mainly for the purpose of adjusting the amount of oxidation reaction.

The microwave irradiation mechanism 2 includes a microwave oscillator in each of the microwave irradiation mechanisms 2, and is arranged so that the mounting direction of the microwave oscillator is changed by 90 ° between the adjacent microwave irradiation mechanisms 2. .
Thereby, the interference of the microwave irradiated from the microwave oscillator of the adjacent microwave irradiation mechanism 2 can be suppressed low, and the oscillation efficiency can be improved.

  The irradiation port 2a of the microwave irradiation mechanism 2 performs sealing by being made of a material having high electromagnetic wave permeability such as quartz glass or fluororesin and having excellent chemical resistance and heat resistance, and is generated in the housing 1. Intrusion of the hot corrosive gas into the microwave irradiation mechanism 2 is prevented.

As shown in FIG. 4, the filter filtration mechanism 3 is for filtering the exhaust gas generated in the casing 1 and discharging it to the outside. The filter filtration mechanism 3 is connected to the casing through the opening 30 a of the casing 30 of the filter filtration mechanism 3. The casing 30 of the filter filtration mechanism 3 is attached in communication with the housing 1 so that the microwave irradiated in the filter 1 is irradiated on the filter unit 31.
Thus, by attaching the casing 30 of the filter filtration mechanism 3 in communication with the housing 1, the filter filtration mechanism 3 can be easily attached and maintenance work can be facilitated.

The organic halogen compound that is activated directly by the microwave irradiation to the filter unit 31 of the filter filtration mechanism 3 or indirectly through the filter unit 31 heated by the microwave irradiation A catalyst 32 such as titanium oxide or vanadium pentoxide that decomposes harmful substances such as these is applied or sprayed on the surface of the filter cloth (pre-coating treatment).
By using a material having low electromagnetic wave absorption characteristics, such as a ceramic filter, and high heat resistance, the filter cloth constituting the filter unit 31 does not cause heating loss due to microwaves, and thus may be damaged by heat. Therefore, energy saving and durability of the filter part can be improved.

Since the gas temperature in the housing 1 is unlikely to rise during heating by microwave irradiation, the filter 31 is provided with a catalyst 32 that decomposes harmful substances such as organic halogen compounds activated by the microwave. In combination with this, as shown in FIG. 5, in the filter filtration mechanism 3, the temperature of the exhaust gas introduced into the filter filtration mechanism 3 is relatively low temperature, more specifically, less than 200 ° C. Further, harmful substances such as organic halogen compounds can be reliably decomposed, dust particles (contaminated particles) collected in the filter unit 31 can be used as purified particles, and exhaust gas can be used as purified gas.
Thus, since harmful substances such as organic halogen compounds can be reliably decomposed at a relatively low temperature in the filter filtration mechanism 3, the trapping efficiency of low boiling point harmful substances can be increased and the durability of the filter unit 31 can be improved. Furthermore, the possibility that dioxins are re-synthesized can be eliminated.

Further, the filter filtration mechanism 3 includes an exhaust pipe 33 for discharging the purified gas to the outside, and a backwash mechanism 34 for removing dust particles collected by the filter unit 31 by an air flow such as a pulse jet, respectively. It is arranged.
Further, for a useful low-boiling substance that has passed through the filter filtration mechanism 3, the target substance can be recovered by placing a condenser (not shown) outside the system.
Further, when the neutralizing process is required for the purified gas that has passed through the filter filtration mechanism 3, an alkaline solution tank (not shown) or the like is placed outside the system to perform the process, or the filter unit 31 can be treated with This can be dealt with by pre-coating an alkaline substance such as a substance (calcium hydroxide Ca (OH) ₂ ).

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 3, the stirring mechanism 6 that also serves as a discharge mechanism for stirring the solid adhering / adsorbing the harmful substance introduced into the housing 1 has multiple stages in the vertical direction (in this embodiment, Although an example of two stages is shown, it is possible to provide three or more stages.
The stirring mechanism 6 efficiently stirs a solid to which harmful substances are adhered and adsorbed so that the processing object can be uniformly irradiated with microwaves so that the processing efficiency can be improved. Yes.

In this case, the rotational outer diameter of the rotary blade 61B disposed in the upper stage is set smaller than the rotational outer diameter of the rotary blade 61A disposed in the lower stage (although it is not particularly limited, Set to 85%).
Thereby, it becomes easy to circulate a process target object between the center side of the housing | casing 1, and the outer peripheral side, and stirring of a process target object can be performed still more efficiently.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3 in detail, the rotary blades 61A and 61B are shown in FIGS. 3A to 3D, but the rotary blade 61B is also the same. Each region is comb-shaped, and is in the vicinity of an integral multiple of ¼ of the wavelength of the microwave that irradiates the gap dimension W1 of the comb-tooth 61a (about ± 10 to 20% of ¼ of the wavelength of the microwave) The rotary blades 61 </ b> A and 61 </ b> B are rotated by a rotation driving motor 62.
Specifically, the dimension W1 of the gap between the comb teeth 61a is 1 to 2.5, 3.5 to 5.5 when using a microwave having a wavelength of 12.2 cm (frequency: 2.45 GHz), It is formed to have a thickness of about 6.5 to 8.5 and 9.5 to 11.5 cm, and more preferably about 1 to 2.5 and 3.5 to 5.5 cm.
The width dimension W2 and the height dimension H of the comb teeth 61a are substantially the same as the gap dimension W1 of the comb teeth 61a, specifically, 1 to 2.5, 3.5 to 5.5, It is formed to have a thickness of about 6.5 to 8.5 and 9.5 to 11.5 cm, and more preferably about 1 to 2.5 and 3.5 to 5.5 cm.
Accordingly, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of an abnormal phenomenon due to the resonance of the microwaves in the vicinity of the rotary blades 61A and 61B when the combs are used as the rotary blades 61A and 61B.

Further, the rotary blades 61A and 61B are constituted by plate-like members each having a comb tooth 61a formed at the upper portion and a scraper 61b formed at the lower portion, and are equally spaced with respect to the rotary shaft 60 (although not particularly limited, In the embodiment, the interval is 60 degrees, and the angle is set according to the number of the rotating blades 61A and 61B.) The rotating support shaft 60a extends in the radial direction (in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 2B). ) It is located on the front side and is inclined and attached.
Thereby, it is possible to reliably stir the processing object from the bottom of the housing 1 and to uniformly irradiate the processing object with microwaves.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3E, the rotating blades 61A and 61B are attached so that the rotating blade 61B disposed in the upper stage is positioned on a substantially extended line in the inclination direction of the rotating blade 61A disposed in the lower stage. Like that.
As a result, the processing object that has been scooped up by the rotating blade 61A disposed in the lower stage and easily moved is continuously scooped up by the rotating blade 61B disposed in the upper stage, thereby further stirring the processing object. Can be done automatically.

In addition, the outer peripheral end scraper 61c is higher at the outer peripheral end of the rotary blade 61A than the comb teeth 61a (although it is not particularly limited, it is preferably set to about 1.5 to 3 times). To form.
Thereby, it can prevent that a process target object stays along the inner wall face of the surrounding wall 1B of the lower half part of the housing | casing 1, and can irradiate a process target object with a microwave uniformly.

The rotating blades 61A and 61B of the stirring mechanism 6 are made of a material having low electromagnetic wave absorption such as stainless steel, aluminum, and an aluminum alloy.
The rotary blades 61A and 61B can be made of an iron-based material.

Further, since the rotating blades 61A and 61B of the stirring mechanism 6 have high stirring efficiency, they are relatively low speed, specifically about several to several tens of rpm, preferably about 2 to 60 rpm, by the rotation driving motor 62. More preferably, it can be rotationally driven at about 5 to 30 rpm.
Thereby, energy cost can be made low.

Further, the base portion of the rotation support shaft 60 a of the stirring mechanism 6 is not particularly limited, but about 1/5 to 1/3 of the radial length including the rotation shaft 60 is covered with the cylindrical body 63 with a lid. ing.
Thereby, generation | occurrence | production of the rotation center part which becomes difficult to move a process target object is prevented.

The thermocouple 7 is for measuring the temperature of the solid being processed. Based on the measured temperature, the microwave irradiation output control mechanism (not shown) outputs the microwave irradiation output from the microwave irradiation mechanism 2. In this way, the heating temperature of the solid during the treatment is always properly maintained, and the decomposition process of harmful substances such as the dehalogenation reaction of organic halogen compounds is promoted.
Note that the microwave irradiation output from the microwave irradiation mechanism 2 can be controlled by using a thermocouple 7 as well as a radiation thermometer (not shown) installed on the top of the housing 1.

  As mentioned above, although the processing apparatus of harmful substances, such as the organic halogen compound of this invention, was demonstrated based on the Example, this invention is not limited to the structure described in the said Example, and does not deviate from the meaning. The configuration can be changed as appropriate within the range.

  The apparatus for treating harmful substances such as organic halogen compounds according to the present invention has a characteristic that the solids adhered and adsorbed by the stirring mechanism can be efficiently stirred to improve the processing efficiency. Can be used for detoxification treatment of dust collection ash containing harmful substances such as dioxins and other organic halogen compounds, as well as various harmful substances such as polluted soil and riverbed sediment It can also be used for detoxification treatment.

One Example of the processing apparatus of harmful substances, such as an organic halogen compound of this invention, is shown, (a) is a front view, (b) is a top view. The stirring mechanism of the processing apparatus is shown, (a) is a front view, and (b) is a plan view. The stirring mechanism of the processing apparatus is shown, (a) is an enlarged front view, (b) is an XX sectional view of (a), (c) is a YY sectional view of (a), (d) is ( a) Z-Z sectional view of (a), (e) is a sectional view of upper and lower rotary blades corresponding to (b). The filter filtration mechanism of the processing apparatus is shown, (a) is a front view, (b) is a plan view (c), and is a side view. It is a conceptual diagram of the decomposition | disassembly process of a harmful substance by the processing apparatus of harmful substances, such as an organic halogen compound of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Case 1A Upper half peripheral wall 1B Lower half peripheral wall 1C Middle peripheral wall 2 Microwave irradiation mechanism 2a Irradiation port 3 Filter filtration mechanism 30 Casing 30a Opening part 31 Filter part 32 Catalyst 33 Exhaust pipe 34 Backwash mechanism 4 Introduction part 5a Solid lead-out part 5b Drain lead-out part 6 Stirring mechanism 60 Rotating shaft 60a Rotating support shaft 61A Lower rotating blade 61B Upper rotating blade 61a Comb tooth 61b Scraper 61c Outer end scraper 62 Rotation drive motor 63 Cylindrical cylinder with lid Body 7 Thermocouple

Claims (4)

  A case that introduces solids with attached or adsorbed toxic substances such as organic halogen compounds, a microwave irradiation mechanism that irradiates the solids with attached or adsorbed toxic substances into the case, and a microwave irradiation mechanism. In a processing apparatus for harmful substances such as organic halogen compounds, equipped with a stirring mechanism having a rotating blade that stirs the solid adhering or adsorbing the harmful substance, the rotating blades of the stirring mechanism are arranged in multiple stages in the vertical direction. An apparatus for treating harmful substances such as organic halogen compounds.   The apparatus for treating harmful substances such as organic halogen compounds according to claim 1, wherein the rotational outer peripheral diameter of the rotary blade disposed in the upper stage is set smaller than the rotational outer peripheral diameter of the rotary blade disposed in the lower stage.   The rotary blade is constituted by a plate-like member, and the plate-like member is inclined to a rotation support shaft that extends radially with respect to the rotation axis so that the lower end of the plate-like member is located on the front side in the rotation direction of the rotation blade. 3. The organic material according to claim 1, wherein the rotating blades disposed in the upper stage are positioned on a substantially extended line in the inclination direction of the rotating blades disposed in the lower stage. Equipment for treating harmful substances such as halogen compounds.   The rotating blade is composed of a plate-like member having a comb tooth at the upper part and a scraper at the lower part, and the area near the integral multiple of 1/4 of the wavelength of the microwave that irradiates the dimension of the gap of the comb tooth is removed. The processing apparatus for harmful substances such as organic halogen compounds according to claim 1, 2 or 3.

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