JP2008260404A - Back door structure for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a back door structure for a vehicle capable of reducing the weight of a back door having a rear spoiler. <P>SOLUTION: The back door structure 10 for the vehicle comprises a metallic back door inner panel 24 constituting a back door 14 for opening/closing a backwardly opened opening part in a vehicle body, and a spoiler component 28 joined with an upper edge in the vertical direction of the vehicle body in the back door inner panel 24 to constitute the rear spoiler 22. The rear spoiler 22 is longitudinal in the vehicle width direction, and backwardly projected in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body. The spoiler component 28 constitutes an upper frame 44 of a longitudinal closed sectional structure in the vehicle width direction together with an upper frame inner 34 of the back door inner panel 24. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicle back door structure having a rear spoiler.

As a structure for attaching a rear spoiler to the upper edge of the back door, there is known a structure in which a rear spoiler is fixed to an outer panel that forms a back door with an inner panel by fastening (for example, see Patent Document 1).
JP-A-9-39847

  However, the conventional technology as described above has a problem in that the mass of the back door is increased because the rear spoiler is superposed on the outer panel and fastened.

  In view of the above fact, an object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle back door structure that can reduce the weight of a back door having a rear spoiler.

  According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vehicle back door structure including a metal inner panel constituting a back door for opening and closing an opening that opens rearward in the vehicle body, and a vehicle upper and lower direction relative to a rear window glass in the inner panel. A spoiler structure made of resin that is joined to the upper side in the direction and forms a rear spoiler that is long in the vehicle width direction and protrudes backward in the vehicle longitudinal direction and that has a closed cross-sectional structure that is long in the vehicle width direction with the inner panel And a member.

  In the vehicle back door structure according to claim 1, a rear spoiler that is long in the vehicle width direction is formed above the rear window glass in the back door by joining a resin spoiler component to the metal inner panel. At the same time, a closed cross-sectional structure is formed along the upper edge of the back door. That is, the back door is formed with a closed cross-sectional structure together with the rear spoiler, and the rigidity and strength of the upper portion can be ensured. Thereby, by using this back door structure, for example, the upper part of the back door is configured integrally with the rear spoiler while the outer panel joined to the inner panel is made smaller without joining the outer panel made of metal to the inner panel. It is possible to reduce the weight of the back door.

  Thus, in the vehicle back door structure according to the first aspect, the weight of the back door having the rear spoiler can be reduced.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the vehicular back door structure according to the first aspect, wherein the spoiler component forms the rear spoiler and is long in the vehicle width direction with the inner panel. A spoiler forming portion having a closed cross-sectional structure, and both ends of the spoiler forming portion extending downward in the vehicle body vertical direction from both longitudinal ends of the spoiler, and both ends of the inner panel in the vehicle width direction on the outer side in the vehicle width direction of the rear window glass. And a pair of vertical closed cross-section forming portions each forming a closed cross-sectional structure that is long in the vertical direction of the vehicle body with the inner panel.

  3. The vehicle back door structure according to claim 2, wherein the resin spoiler constituting member has a substantially "U" shape that opens downward in the vehicle body vertical direction so as to surround the rear window glass from three sides. To form a rear spoiler and a closed cross-sectional structure that are long in the vehicle width direction, and the vertical closed cross-section formation portion extends in the vehicle body vertical direction at both ends in the vehicle width direction of the back door. A closed cross-sectional structure is configured. For this reason, in this vehicle back door structure, the outer panel can be made unnecessary and downsized at both ends of the back door in the vehicle width direction, and the back door can be further reduced in weight.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vehicular back door structure according to the second aspect of the present invention, wherein the vertical closed cross-section forming portion of the spoiler component is formed from the spoiler forming portion to the vehicle body of the rear window glass. It extends to the lower end in the vertical direction.

  In the vehicle back door structure according to claim 3, since the vertical closed section forming portion of the spoiler component extends to the lower end of the rear window glass, substantially the entire frame portion surrounding the rear window glass is made of a metal material. And a resin material. Therefore, this vehicle back door structure contributes to further weight reduction of the back door.

  As described above, the vehicle back door structure according to the present invention has an excellent effect that the weight of the back door having the rear spoiler can be reduced.

  A vehicle back door structure 10 according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the figure, the arrow FR indicates the front direction of the vehicle body, the arrow UP indicates the upward direction of the vehicle body, the arrow IN indicates the vehicle width direction inside, and the arrow OUT indicates the vehicle width direction outside.

  FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a rear portion of the automobile S to which the vehicle back door structure 10 is applied. As shown in this figure, the automobile S includes a back door 14 for opening and closing an opening (rear gate) 12 that opens rearward in the vehicle longitudinal direction. Although not shown in the drawings, the back door 14 is provided inside the upper end portion 14A and is rotated about a hinge shaft along the vehicle width direction to open and close the opening portion 12. The back door 14 may be divided into two parts in the vertical direction. The back door 14 is provided at the end in the vehicle width direction and is configured to open and close the opening 12 by being rotated about the hinge shaft along the vertical direction of the vehicle body. It may be said.

  The back door 14 includes a back door body 16 constituting a lower portion thereof, and a back door frame 20 (see FIG. 2 and the like) which is provided on the upper side of the back door body 16 and to which a rear window glass 18 is fixed. It is configured as. In this embodiment, the rear window glass 18 is configured to wrap around to the outside in the vehicle width direction of the back door frame 20 (so-called glass parting).

  As shown in FIG. 5, a rear spoiler 22 that is an aerodynamic structure is provided at the upper end portion 14 </ b> A of the back door 14 that is located above the rear window glass 18 in the vertical direction of the vehicle body. The rear spoiler 22 is elongated in the vehicle width direction and protrudes rearward in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body from the upper end portion 18A (see FIG. 1) of the rear window glass 18 (back door 14). Thus, a predetermined aerodynamic action is achieved. Specifically, for example, the rear spoiler 22 generates a force (down force) for pressing the rear portion of the automobile S against the road surface side by changing the direction of air flow accompanying the traveling of the automobile S, or rectifies the air flow at the rear of the vehicle body. It is configured (formed). The rear spoiler 22 extends over substantially the entire width of the upper end portion 14A of the back door 14 along the vehicle width direction.

  As described above, the vehicle back door structure 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention is applied to the back door 14 in which the rear spoiler 22 is provided at the upper end portion 14A. This will be specifically described below.

  FIG. 2 schematically shows an exploded perspective view of the back door 14 having the rear spoiler 22 (the illustration of the rear window glass 18 is omitted). As shown in this figure, the back door 14 includes a back door inner panel 24 as an inner panel, a back door outer panel 26, and a spoiler constituting member 28 constituting the rear spoiler 22 as main components.

  The back door inner panel 24 includes a back door inner panel lower 30 constituting the back door body 16 and a back door inner panel upper 32 constituting the back door frame 20. The back door inner panel upper 32 has a substantially “U” shape that opens downward in the vehicle body vertical direction, and is continuous with the upper side of the back door inner panel lower 30 so that the back door frame 20 has a substantially rectangular frame shape. Is configured. More specifically, the back door inner panel upper 32 is elongated in the vehicle width direction and is spaced apart above the back door inner panel lower 30 and the vehicle width direction of the upper frame inner 34. It is composed of a pair of left and right side frame inners 36 that connect both ends and both ends of the back door inner panel lower 30 in the vehicle width direction.

  The back door outer panel 26 is joined to the back door inner panel lower 30 of the back door inner panel 24 to form a back door main body 16 (see FIG. 1) having a closed sectional structure, and a pair of left and right side frames. It has side frame outer 42 which is joined to inner 36 and constitutes left and right side frames 40 (see FIG. 4) of back door frame 20 having a closed cross-sectional structure. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, the back door outer panel 26 does not have a portion joined to the upper frame inner 34 of the back door inner panel 24.

  In the vehicular back door structure 10, as shown in FIG. 1, the rear spoiler 22 is configured at the upper end portion 14 </ b> A of the back door 14 by joining the spoiler component 28 to the upper frame inner 34. The structural member 28 and the upper frame inner 34 form an upper frame 44 having a closed cross-sectional structure that forms the upper part of the back door frame 20.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the spoiler component 28 has an upper wall 46 and a lower wall 48 connected by a rear wall 50, and the lower wall 48 is configured to be shorter than the upper wall 46. The opening surface is open so that both the front side in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body and the lower side in the vertical direction of the vehicle body are directed. As shown in FIG. 2, both end portions in the longitudinal (vehicle width) direction of the spoiler component 28 are sealed with side walls 52 that are continuous with the upper wall 46, the lower wall 48, and the rear wall 50.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the spoiler component 28 has a front end 46 </ b> A in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body of the upper wall 46 that forms the upper edge (front edge) of the opening and is joined to the front upper end 34 </ b> A of the upper frame inner 34. A front end 48A of a lower wall 48 forming a lower edge (rear edge) is joined to a rear lower end 34B of the upper frame inner 34. Thereby, in the vehicle back door structure 10, the rear spoiler 22 and the upper frame 44 having a closed cross-sectional structure are configured at the upper end portion 14 </ b> A of the back door 14 as described above.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the front end 48 </ b> A of the lower wall 48 is joined to the upper end of the side frame outer 42 at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the spoiler component 28. Furthermore, although illustration is omitted, the front end of the side wall 52 is joined to the upper end of the side frame inner 36 and the outer end in the vehicle width direction. Thus, in the back door 14, a pair of left and right side frames 40 and an upper frame 44 each having a closed cross-sectional structure are formed on the upper portion of the back door body 16, and a substantially “U” -shaped back door frame 20 that opens downward is configured. In addition, a rear spoiler 22 protruding rearward is configured.

  As described above, in the vehicular back door structure 10, the spoiler component member 28 has an opening edge joined to the back door inner panel 24 and the back door outer panel 26 over substantially the entire circumference. The back door 14 is constituted by the door outer panel 26. As shown in FIG. 1, in the back door 14, the rear window glass 18 is fixed to the lower end portion 44 </ b> A of the upper frame 44 of the back door frame 20 and the upper edge portion 16 </ b> A of the back door main body 16 by bonding or the like. As shown in FIG. 4, the rear window glass 18 has an end portion in the vehicle width direction fixed to the outer end portion in the vehicle width direction of the side frame 40 by bonding or the like, and the glass door part 14 is formed as described above. Yes.

  In the back door 14 described above, the back door inner panel 24 and the back door outer panel 26 are made of a metal material (in this embodiment, a steel plate), and the spoiler component 28 is made of a resin material. In this embodiment, the spoiler component 28 is configured as an injection molded product of a resin material. Therefore, in the vehicle back door structure 10, a skeleton of the upper end portion 14 </ b> A of the back door 14 is formed by joining the back door inner panel upper 32 of the back door inner panel 24 made of a steel plate and the spoiler component 28 from a resin material. An upper frame 44 having a closed cross-sectional structure is configured.

  For joining the back door inner panel upper 32, the side frame inner 36, and the side frame 40 made of a steel plate and the spoiler component 28 made of a resin material, for example, various joining methods such as fastening and adhesion are used. Can be used.

  Further, in the vehicle back door structure 10 according to this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, single or plural (two in FIG. 2) metal brackets 54 are fixed to the upper frame inner 34. As shown in FIG. 1, the upper end 54 </ b> A of the bracket 54 is joined to the upper wall 46 of the spoiler component 28. An auxiliary joint corresponding to the bracket 54 may be provided integrally with the spoiler component 28 and joined to the upper frame inner 34 or the like. Further, it is possible to adopt a configuration in which an auxiliary joint such as the bracket 54 is not provided.

  Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described.

  In the vehicle back door structure 10 configured as described above, the spoiler component 28 is joined to the upper frame inner 34, the side frame inner 36 of the back door inner panel 24, and the side frame outer 42 of the back door outer panel 26, thereby The back door 14 in which the rear spoiler 22 is provided in 14A is comprised.

  Here, in the vehicle back door structure 10, the upper frame 44 having a closed cross-sectional structure that forms a skeleton in the upper end portion 14 </ b> A of the back door 14 is formed together with the rear spoiler 22 by joining the spoiler component 28 to the upper frame inner 34. Therefore, in other words, since the upper frame 44 having a closed cross-sectional structure is formed without providing a portion to be joined to the upper frame inner 34 in the back door outer panel 26, the weight of the applied back door 14, that is, the automobile S is reduced. Can be achieved.

  For example, in the vehicle back door structure 100 according to the comparative example shown in FIG. 11, the upper frame outer 102 of the back door outer panel made of a steel plate is joined to the upper frame inner 34 to constitute the upper frame 104 having a closed sectional structure. A rear spoiler 106 is joined (fastened) to the upper frame 104. In this comparative example, a nut 108 constituting a fastening means is embedded in a resin-made rear spoiler 106 by insert molding, and a bolt 110 is screwed to the nut 108 to fix the rear spoiler 106 to the upper frame 104. Yes.

  Compared with the vehicle back door structure 100, the vehicle back door structure 10 can eliminate the need to join the upper frame outer 102 and the joint portion of the rear spoiler 106 with the upper frame outer 102 (upper frame 104). As described above, the back door 14 having the rear spoiler 22 can be configured to be lightweight.

  Further, in the vehicle back door structure 10, the back door 14 can be configured without going through the steps required to join the upper frame outer 102 compared to the vehicle back door structure 100, and the number of joining steps (cost) Can be reduced.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a vehicle back door structure 60 according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Note that parts and portions that are basically the same as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as those of the first embodiment, and description thereof is omitted.

  FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the rear portion of the automobile S to which the vehicle back door structure 60 is applied. As shown in this figure, the automobile S includes a back door 62 for opening and closing the opening 12. The back door 62 is common to the back door 14 in that the rear spoiler 22 is provided at the upper end 62A, and the rear window glass 18 is fixed to the inner edge side of the back door frame 20 (so-called panel parting). ) Is different from the vehicle back door structure 10 according to the first embodiment.

  FIG. 7 schematically shows an exploded perspective view of the back door 62 to which the vehicle back door structure 60 is applied (the rear window glass 18 is not shown). As shown in this figure, the vehicular back door structure 60 replaces the spoiler component 28 constituting the rear spoiler 22 and the upper frame 44 with a rear spoiler 22, an upper frame 44 with a closed cross-sectional structure, and a pair of left and right back door frames. It differs from the backdoor structure 10 for vehicles which concerns on 1st Embodiment by the point provided with the spoiler structural member 65 which comprises the side frame 64 of this.

  Specifically, the spoiler component member 65 includes a spoiler component portion 66 as a spoiler forming portion having substantially the same size and shape as the spoiler component member 28, and extends downward in the vehicle body vertical direction from both longitudinal ends of the spoiler component portion 66. The pair of left and right side frame outer portions 68 as the left and right vertical closed cross-section forming portions are integrally formed by resin molding.

  The spoiler component 66 is joined to the upper frame inner 34 and the side frame inner 36 of the back door inner panel 24 in the same manner as the spoiler component 28 in the first embodiment. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 6, the upper frame 44 having a closed cross-sectional structure that forms a skeleton along the vehicle width direction at the upper end portion 62A of the back door 62, and the rear spoiler 22 that is an aerodynamic structure are configured.

  The pair of left and right side frame outer portions 68 extend from the portion corresponding to the joint portion between the spoiler component 28 and the side frame outer 42 in the spoiler component 66, respectively. ing. 9, each side frame outer portion 68 is joined to the corresponding side frame inner 36 of the back door inner panel 24 at both ends 68A and 68B in the vehicle width direction, and the left and right side frames having a closed cross-sectional structure. 64.

  Each side frame outer portion 68 is arranged in the vicinity of the lower end 18 </ b> B of the rear window glass 18 in the vertical direction of the vehicle body in the vertical direction of the vehicle body. Therefore, in this embodiment, the back door outer panel 70 is configured with the back door outer panel lower 38 as a main part, and does not have the side frame outer 42. And the lower end 68C of each side frame outer part 68 is joined to the upper end part 38A of the back door outer panel lower 38 of the back door outer panel 70, as FIG. 8 shows.

  As described above, in the vehicular back door structure 60, the spoiler component member 65 is joined to the back door inner panel 24 and the back door outer panel 70 over the entire circumference thereof, so that the back door inner panel 24 and the back door The back door 14 is constituted by the door outer panel 70. As shown in FIG. 6, in the back door 62, the rear window glass 18 is fixed to the lower end portion 44 </ b> A of the upper frame 44 of the back door frame 20 and the upper edge portion 16 </ b> A of the back door body 16 by adhesion or the like. As shown in FIG. 9, the rear window glass 18 is fixed to the inner end of the side frame 64 in the vehicle width direction by bonding or the like, and the back door 14 having a panel parting is formed as described above. Yes.

  Next, the operation of the second embodiment will be described.

  In the vehicle back door structure 60 configured as described above, the spoiler component 66 of the spoiler component 65 is added to the upper frame inner 34, the side frame inner 36 of the back door inner panel 24, and the back door outer panel lower 38 of the back door outer panel 70. By joining the side frame outer portions 68, the back door 62 in which the rear spoiler 22 is provided at the upper end portion 62A is configured.

  Here, in the vehicle back door structure 60, the upper frame 44 having a closed cross-sectional structure that forms a skeleton in the upper end portion 62 </ b> A of the back door 62 is obtained by joining the spoiler component 66 of the spoiler component 65 to the upper frame inner 34. Since it is formed together with the rear spoiler 22, in other words, the upper frame 44 having a closed cross-sectional structure is configured without providing a portion to be joined to the upper frame inner 34 in the back door outer panel 70. Therefore, according to the first embodiment. As with the vehicle back door structure 10, the applied back door 62, that is, the automobile S can be reduced in weight.

  Further, in the vehicle back door structure 60, the side frame outer portion 68 of the spoiler component 65 is joined to the side frame inner 36 of the back door inner panel 24, thereby forming a closed structure that forms a skeleton at both ends in the vehicle width direction of the back door 62. In other words, since the side frame 64 having a cross-sectional structure is formed together, a portion (corresponding to the side frame outer 42 of the first embodiment) joined to the pair of left and right side frame inners 36 in the back door outer panel 70 is provided. Since the left and right side frames 64 having the closed cross-sectional structure are configured without any problem, the applied back door 62, that is, the automobile S can be further reduced in weight.

  In particular, in the vehicle back door structure 60, each side frame outer portion 68 reaches the lower end 18B of the rear window glass 18 in the vertical direction of the vehicle body. Therefore, the back door frame 20 (left and right side frames 64) of the back door 62 is omitted. The whole can be configured by joining a steel plate and a resin material, and the applied back door 62, that is, the automobile S can be further reduced in weight.

  Furthermore, the substantially “U” -shaped spoiler component 65 that opens downward in the vehicle body vertical direction and has each side frame outer portion 68 that is suspended from both longitudinal ends of the spoiler component 66 is provided on the back door inner panel 24. With the back door inner panel upper 32, the back door frame 20 can be configured as a closed cross-sectional structure that is continuous over substantially the entire length in the circumferential direction (continuous to the back door body 16). Thus, in the vehicle back door structure 60, the back door frame 20 that can reliably support the rear window glass 18 that is a relatively large component is configured without relying on a back door outer panel made of a steel plate. Can do.

  In the above-described embodiment, the back door inner panel 24 and the back door outer panels 26 and 70 are made of steel plates. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, the back door inner panel 24 and the back door outer panel. One or both of 26 may be made of a non-ferrous metal material such as aluminum, an aluminum alloy, or a magnesium alloy.

FIG. 6 is a side cross-sectional view taken along line 1-1 of FIG. 5, showing a main part of the vehicle back door structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a back door to which a vehicle back door structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention is applied. FIG. 6 is a side cross-sectional view taken along line 3-3 of FIG. 5 showing the vehicular back door structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional plan view taken along line 4-4 of FIG. 5 showing the vehicular back door structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a perspective view showing a rear portion of an automobile to which a vehicle back door structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention is applied. It is a sectional side view along the 6-6 line of Drawing 10 showing the important section of the back door structure for vehicles concerning a 2nd embodiment of the present invention. It is a disassembled perspective view of the back door to which the vehicle back door structure which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention was applied. It is a sectional side view along the 8-8 line of Drawing 10 showing the back door structure for vehicles concerning a 2nd embodiment of the present invention. It is a plane sectional view which met the 9-9 line of Drawing 10 showing the back door structure for vehicles concerning a 2nd embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view which shows the rear part of the motor vehicle to which the vehicle back door structure which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention was applied. It is a sectional side view which shows the back door structure for vehicles which concerns on the comparative example with embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Vehicle back door structure 12 Opening part 14 Back door 24 Back door inner panel (inner panel)
28 Spoiler components 44 Upper frame (closed cross-sectional structure elongated in the vehicle width direction)
60 Back door structure for vehicle 62 Back door 64 Side frame (closed cross-sectional structure elongated in the vertical direction of the vehicle body)
65 Spoiler component 66 Spoiler component (spoiler forming unit)
68 Side frame outer part (vertical closed section forming part)

Claims (3)

A metal inner panel constituting a back door for opening and closing an opening that opens rearward in the vehicle body;
The inner panel is joined to the upper side in the vehicle vertical direction with respect to the rear window glass to form a rear spoiler that is long in the vehicle width direction and protrudes backward in the vehicle front-rear direction, and is closed in the vehicle width direction by the inner panel. A resin spoiler component having a cross-sectional structure;
Vehicle back door structure with The spoiler component is
A spoiler forming portion that forms the rear spoiler and forms a closed cross-sectional structure that is long in the vehicle width direction with the inner panel;
The spoiler forming portion extends downward from both longitudinal ends of the vehicle body in the vertical direction of the vehicle body, and is joined to both ends of the inner panel in the vehicle width direction on the outer side in the vehicle width direction of the rear window glass. A pair of vertical closed cross-section forming portions formed with a vertical closed cross-sectional structure in the vertical direction;
The vehicle back door structure according to claim 1, comprising:   The backdoor structure for a vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the vertical closed cross-section forming portion of the spoiler component member extends from the spoiler forming portion to a lower end of the rear window glass in the vehicle body vertical direction.

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