JP2008248609A - Non slip construction method for walking surface - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of imparting a non slip property to a walking surface by which safety during the construction work is improved and danger about environment pollution is reduced irrespective of whether the walking surface like a floor surface is made of a material mainly containing a silicon/silicon compound, or of another inorganic material. <P>SOLUTION: In the non slip construction method for the walking surface, the walking surface is made rough by bringing an aquous solution of a chemical agent, which is capable of reacting with the inorganic material to elute it, into contact with the walking surface formed of the inorganic material via a water-retaining sheet, and then removing the water-retaining sheet. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a non-slip construction method for a walking surface. More specifically, the present invention relates to a non-slip construction method for a walking surface using a water retention sheet.

If moisture or oil adheres to the walking surface (for example, the floor surface) of an inorganic material such as a tile or stone mainly composed of carbonate or silicon, it becomes very slippery and often causes a fall accident.
As a technique related to anti-slip of the floor surface, an anti-slip treatment composition, an anti-slip treatment tile (Patent Document 1), an anti-slip construction method (Patent Document 2), and the like are known.

  In the conventional construction method as described above, a surface treatment agent containing an erodible strong acid or the like and / or an environmental load substance such as fluorine is directly applied or sprayed on the surface to be non-slip treated, and the surface is coated with a deck brush or polisher. Brush with etc. In addition, the chemical solution remaining on the surface after construction is generally washed away with water or the like.

For this reason, the conventional construction method has a great danger in the working environment and has a large load on the environment.
According to the technique of performing treatment using an acid other than hydrofluoric acid, such a risk can be reduced to some extent, but an effect cannot be expected for a walking surface containing silicon as a main component.
JP-A-6-279748 JP 2002-227392 A

  Therefore, the object of the present invention is to improve safety during construction work regardless of whether the walking surface such as the floor surface is a material mainly composed of silicon / silicon compound or other inorganic material. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for preventing slippage on a walking surface with reduced risk of environmental pollution.

  According to the present invention, a walking surface made of an inorganic material is roughened by bringing an aqueous solution of a drug capable of reacting with the inorganic material and having an elution action into contact with the walking surface via a water retention sheet. Then, a non-slip construction method for a walking surface, characterized in that the water-retaining sheet is removed is provided.

In the present invention, since the aqueous drug solution is brought into contact with the walking surface, which is the surface to be treated, via the water retention sheet, the anti-slip treatment can be performed in a smaller amount of drug and / or in a shorter time.
Since the aqueous drug solution is held on the water retention sheet, the risk of the aqueous drug solution scattering during the roughening treatment of the walking surface is reduced, and the safety during construction work is improved.

In addition, since the aqueous chemical solution can be removed together with the water retention sheet after the surface roughening treatment, the amount of the aqueous chemical solution remaining on the walking surface (treated surface) is reduced. As a result, environmental load substances such as fluorine and acid are reduced. It is possible to suppress the diffusion / mixing of the contained chemical into the waste water and the surrounding environment.
Furthermore, since a water retention sheet is used, liquid dripping or the like does not occur, and construction is easy even on an inclined surface. In addition, regardless of whether the treatment surface is a flat surface or an inclined surface, the aqueous pharmaceutical solution can be applied substantially uniformly, so that even when the flat surface and the inclined surface are mixed, there is no unevenness even if it is constructed integrally. It is possible to finish.

In the present invention, since it is not necessary to perform brushing, unevenness of the roughened surface (walking surface) due to brushing variation does not occur. As a result, slipping occurs in the construction area or each time of construction. The stopping effect can be substantially homogenized.
By using the water-retaining sheet, the aqueous drug solution can be easily and substantially uniformly applied to the treated surface without depending on the liquidity (for example, viscosity) of the aqueous drug solution or the wettability of the treated surface. A wider range of choices.

  When the water-retaining sheet is used by being attached to the frame, the water-retaining sheet can be easily handled and the safety is further improved.

The anti-slip construction method of the present invention comprises a walking surface formed of an inorganic material, and an aqueous solution of a drug capable of reacting with the inorganic material and having an elution action to contact the walking surface via a water retention sheet. It is characterized by roughening and then removing the water-holding sheet.
The anti-slip construction method of the present invention will be described in detail below.

  In the present invention, the walking surface is a surface on which a person generally walks regardless of the inside or outside of the building. For example, the entrance of the building, the approach, the floor surface of the lobby or the hallway, the step board (step surface) of the stairs, the slope, Artificial surfaces such as floors of kitchens / bathrooms / baths, bathtubs, poolsides, concourses such as large commercial facilities and stations, open spaces around buildings, and sidewalks.

The walking surface is formed of an inorganic material such as a silicon / silicon compound, carbonate, or calcium salt. More specifically, the walking surface is the surface of a tile (porcelain tile or earthenware tile) mainly composed of an inorganic material, or a stone material (for example, marble or granite).
In the present invention, the walking surface may be a horizontal surface, an inclined surface, or a mixture of both.
The method of the present invention can be applied to a walking surface whose surface is slippery (especially when wet).

  The agent that can be used in the non-slip construction method of the present invention is any agent that can react with an inorganic material that forms the walking surface to be anti-slip treated and can have an elution action, and can roughen the walking surface. Yes, it can be easily determined by those skilled in the art depending on the inorganic material.

For example, when the inorganic material is a silicon compound (for example, silicon dioxide), a chemical containing hydrofluoric acid or a compound that generates hydrofluoric acid in a solution can be selected. Examples of the compound that generates hydrofluoric acid in the solution include hydrogen fluoride salts (acidic alkali fluoride salts) such as ammonium hydrogen fluoride (acidic ammonium fluoride), sodium hydrogen fluoride, potassium hydrogen fluoride, and boron fluoride. Examples include hydrofluoric acid, silicohydrofluoric acid, sodium borofluoride, potassium borofluoride, and potassium fluoride. Hydrofluoric acid and / or a compound that generates hydrofluoric acid in a solution may be used in combination of two or more. A compound that generates hydrofluoric acid in a solution can be used, for example, as a 1 to 40% by weight solution.
When the inorganic material is a silicon compound, the drug preferably contains acid ammonium fluoride.

For example, when the inorganic material is a carbonate (for example, calcium carbonate or magnesium carbonate), an agent containing an acid can be selected. The acid may be any of organic acids such as citric acid and malic acid, and inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid and phosphoric acid. These acids may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
When the inorganic material is carbonate, the drug preferably contains one acid or a mixture of two or more acids selected from the group consisting of citric acid, malic acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid.
The acid can be used, for example, as a 0.1-35% by weight solution.

For example, when the inorganic material is a calcium salt (for example, calcium carbonate), a drug containing a calcium chelating agent can be selected. Examples of calcium chelating agents include EDTA-4Na, EDTA-2Na, and nitrilotriacetic acid.
A chelating agent can be used, for example as a 0.1-20 weight% solution.

The drug may contain two or more kinds of hydrofluoric acid, a compound that generates hydrofluoric acid, an acid, and a calcium chelating agent as long as they can coexist in an aqueous solution.
Water, an organic solvent, or a mixture thereof can be used as the drug solvent. Examples of the organic solvent include alkyl glycol solvents such as ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, and polypropylene glycol.
A surfactant may be added to the aqueous drug solution. As the surfactant, any of nonionic, anionic, cationic and amphoteric can be used. Among these, nonionic surfactants are preferable from the viewpoint of the environment because they are excellent in biodegradability and have a low TOC (total organic carbon) value. The surfactant is added at, for example, 0.1 to 10% by weight.

  A commercially available anti-slip treatment agent can be used as the drug or an aqueous solution of the drug. For example, REFLEMAX 3-F universal solution (Mentec Kansai) can be cited as a treatment agent containing sodium hydrogen fluoride, and Tomerit anti-slip (Mentec Kansai) can be mentioned as a treatment agent containing an acidic alkali fluoride salt, hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid.

In the method of the present invention, the aqueous solution of the drug is brought into contact with the walking surface (treated surface) to be treated via a water retention sheet.
When the aqueous drug solution comes into contact with the walking surface, it reacts with the inorganic material forming the walking surface and elutes a part of the inorganic material from the walking surface. As a result, the surface of the walking surface becomes rough. Roughening increases the coefficient of friction and prevents slippage.

The contact time between the aqueous drug solution required for roughening and the walking surface can vary depending on the material of the walking surface, the type and concentration of the drug used, and the like. An appropriate contact time can be easily determined by conducting a test in advance using a pharmaceutical aqueous solution to be used on a model floor material made of the same material as the walking surface to be treated.
According to the method of the present invention, the contact time can be shorter than the contact time required in the conventional method. For example, the roughening (slip prevention effect) obtained with a contact time of 5 minutes in the conventional method of applying a chemical solution to the treated surface by brushing can be obtained in 1 to 5 minutes in the method of the present invention.

The contact of the aqueous solution of the drug with the walking surface via the water-holding sheet may be performed by bringing the walking surface into contact with a water-holding sheet in which the aqueous solution of the drug is held in advance, It may be carried out by holding the aqueous solution of the drug in the water-holding sheet after contacting the adhesive sheet.
The walking surface to be treated may be cleaned in advance in order to remove dirt such as fats and oils and scales. Washing can be performed by usual means (for example, brushing) using water, detergent, alkaline solution, acidic solution, or the like.

The water retaining sheet used in the present invention is a sheet made of a chemical resistant material that can reversibly absorb and retain an aqueous solution. The water-retaining function of the water-retaining sheet can be achieved either by the material itself having water absorption or by holding an aqueous solution in the structure (for example, network structure or porous structure) formed by the non-water-absorbing material. It may be.
The water-retaining sheet material is, for example, natural fibers such as cotton and silk, chemical fibers such as acrylic and polyethylene, paper, pulp, polymer gel such as polyacrylamide, and high water absorption such as sodium polyacrylate. Resin. A polymer gel is preferable because of its high water retention. Cotton is preferable from the viewpoint of cost.
When the water-retaining sheet is made of natural fibers or chemical fibers, it can be in the form of a woven fabric or a non-woven fabric. The shape and size of the water retention sheet are not particularly limited, but the thickness of the water retention sheet is, for example, 0.1 to 50 mm.

  The water retention sheet may be configured such that the aqueous drug solution is not drained from the surface opposite to the side in contact with the walking surface to be subjected to the anti-slip treatment. Such a configuration can be realized, for example, by having a structure of two or more layers, for example, one side of the water-holding sheet is waterproofed or adhered to a waterproof layer (for example, a waterproof sheet). Or the water retention sheet | seat of the above structures can be easily produced using polymer gel (for example, polyacrylamide) or super absorbent polymer (for example, sodium polyacrylate). By using such a water retaining sheet, the method of the present invention can be carried out more safely.

The water retention sheet may be attached to the frame body in order to ensure ease of handling and / or safety during handling.
The frame body only needs to have a structure capable of holding the water-holding sheet so that the water-holding sheet comes into contact with the treatment surface, and the shape and size are not particularly limited. For example, the frame is 50 cm to 2 m × 50 cm to 2 m. obtain. The frame may have a lattice-like or mesh-like structure on the inner side of the frame as a reinforcing brace or an auxiliary material for appropriately bringing the water-holding sheet into contact with the treatment surface.
The frame material constituting the frame body may have a quadrilateral, triangular, circular, L-shaped cross section.
The bottom surface of the frame (and the auxiliary material, if present) (the surface facing the walking surface to be processed during use) may be in the same plane.
The frame body may include a mechanism (for example, a clamping mechanism) that can hold the water-retaining sheet on the bottom surface, the top surface, the outer surface, or the inner surface.

A handle attached to the frame is preferable because the method of the present invention can be carried out more safely. The handle can be any shape as long as it fits the human hand, and such shape is well known in the art. FIG. 1 shows an example of a frame that can be used in the method of the present invention.
The frame is made of a material that is corrosion resistant to the aqueous pharmaceutical solution used, such as polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polyethylene, and fluororesin.

  After the surface is roughened by the drug, the water retaining sheet is removed. In the present invention, the aqueous drug solution is also removed simultaneously with the removal of the water retention sheet. The aqueous drug solution remaining on the treated surface (walking surface) after removal of the water-holding sheet can be absorbed and removed with another water-absorbent sheet or mop, or washed away with a large amount of water. According to the method of the present invention, since the amount of the aqueous drug solution remaining after the removal of the water-holding sheet is small compared to the conventional method, the removal with a water-absorbing sheet is easy, and a large amount of water is used. Even after washing, the degree of contamination in the drainage or the surrounding environment can be kept very low compared to the conventional method.

Hereinafter, the content of the present invention will be specifically described based on examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
(Comparative Example 1)
A white tile mainly composed of silicon having a size of 11 cm × 11 cm was horizontally arranged as a model of the walking surface.
5 times that containing 6% hydrochloric acid, 8% sulfuric acid, 12% ammonium fluoride, 15% alkyl glycol solvent (propylene glycol), 1% nonionic surfactant Diluted and used. 5 ml of the above aqueous drug solution was applied to the tile and rubbed with a brush. The amount of 5 ml was determined in consideration of a standard usage amount per unit area when a similar aqueous drug solution was used in the conventional method. After the contact time of 5 minutes, the aqueous drug solution remaining on the tile was washed with water and then dried to obtain Comparative Example 1.

(Comparative Example 2)
Comparative Example 2 was made by performing the same processing as Comparative Example 1 except that the same tiles were arranged with an inclination of 15 °.
(Comparative Example 3)
The untreated sample was designated as Comparative Example 3.

Example 1
When tiles similar to those in Comparative Example 1 were horizontally arranged, and an 11 cm × 11 cm 100% cotton cloth was laid on the tiles and the above-mentioned chemical aqueous solution was held on the cotton cloth, the aqueous drug solution contacted the entire tile surface. The amount required for this was 4 ml.
The cotton cloth was removed after a contact time of 1 minute. Simultaneously with the removal, 3.8 ml (95% of the amount used) of the aqueous drug solution could be removed.
The aqueous pharmaceutical solution slightly remaining on the tile was washed with water and dried to give Example 1.

(Example 2)
Example 2 was carried out by carrying out the same treatment as in Example 1 except that the contact time was 5 minutes.
(Example 3)
Example 3 was carried out in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the same tiles were arranged with an inclination of 15 °.

In the tiles obtained in Comparative Examples 1 to 3 and Examples 1 to 3, the state of roughness in the depth direction of the surface was measured using a micro shape measuring instrument Surffcorder ET3000 manufactured by Kosaka Laboratory Ltd. (Evaluation) Length 40 mm; feed speed 2 mm / sec).
Moreover, the slipperiness of the tile surface was evaluated by measuring the frictional resistance using a surface property measuring instrument 3K-34B manufactured by Shinto Kagaku Co., Ltd. The frictional resistance value was measured by using a 550 mm × 230 mm polyvinyl chloride rubber as the sliding body, setting the load to 500 g, and setting the sliding speed to 500 mm / min. Since the walking surface is more slippery in the wet state than in the dry state, the measurement was performed both when dry and when wet. When the frictional resistance value was 0.3 kg or more under the above measurement conditions, it was determined that it was difficult to slip.

A part of the measurement data of the roughness in the depth direction of the surface is shown in FIGS.
It can be confirmed that the untreated surface (Comparative Example 3) is smooth (FIG. 4).
It can be understood that the surface according to Comparative Example 1 is rich in undulations and the surface is roughened (FIG. 2).
It can be seen that the surface according to Comparative Example 2 is generally smooth and is not sufficiently roughened (FIG. 3).
It can be understood that the surfaces according to Examples 1 to 3 are rich in undulations and are sufficiently roughened as compared with Comparative Example 1 (FIGS. 5 to 7).

The results of both roughness and surface slipperiness in the depth direction of the surface are summarized in Table 1.

  As understood from the results of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 3, the conventional method roughens the surface of the horizontal tile well with a contact time of 5 minutes and does not change the frictional resistance value during drying, but wets. Since the frictional resistance value at the time was increased, it can be evaluated that a good anti-slip effect was obtained. However, as understood from the results of Comparative Example 2, the tile surface in the inclined state cannot be roughened by the conventional method, and the friction resistance when wet is hardly changed from the untreated state (Comparative Example 3). Therefore, it is evaluated that it remains slippery.

  On the other hand, from the results of Examples 1 and 2, the surface of the tiles arranged horizontally is roughened to the same level or higher than that obtained by the conventional method (Comparative Example 1) by the method of the present invention, and the friction when wet is obtained. It can be seen that the resistance value increases to the same level or more. Considering that the amount of the aqueous drug solution used was 5 ml in Comparative Example 1 and 4 ml in the Examples, the method of the present invention allowed the same amount of drug to be used. It can be understood that an anti-slip effect of a degree or more can be obtained.

Further, considering that the contact time is 1 minute in Example 1, it is understood that the method of the present invention can provide the same or more anti-slip effect in a shorter time than the conventional method. The
In summary, the method of the present invention is an efficient construction method compared to the conventional method.

  Furthermore, from the results of Example 3, it can be seen that in the method of the present invention, the inclined tile surface can also be roughened in the same manner as in the horizontal state, and the frictional resistance when wet is increased. That is, according to the method of the present invention, in contrast to the conventional method, it can be understood that the anti-slip effect can be obtained even on the inclined surface in the same manner as the horizontal surface.

In addition to the evaluation of the anti-slip effect, Table 2 shows the results of comprehensive evaluation evaluated from the viewpoint of safety and environmental consideration during construction work.

In Comparative Examples 1 and 2, since scattering of the aqueous drug solution was observed during brushing, it was evaluated that there was a problem in work safety ("X": bad).
On the other hand, in the examples, since the scattering of the aqueous drug solution was hardly observed, it was evaluated that the safety of the work was improved (“◯”: good).

Further, in Comparative Examples 1 and 2, since all of the 5 ml of aqueous drug solution used was discharged as waste water by washing or the like, it was evaluated that there was a possibility of causing environmental pollution (“×”: bad).
On the other hand, in the examples, 3.8 ml corresponding to 95% of the 4 ml of aqueous drug solution used was removed together with the water-retaining sheet, and therefore, it was evaluated that it was environmentally friendly (“◯”: good).

  To summarize the above results, the method of the present invention is a construction method that is more efficient than the conventional method, has improved safety, and is more environmentally friendly (environmentally friendly).

  The above embodiments and examples are described as examples for facilitating the understanding of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited only to the specific configurations described in this specification and the accompanying drawings. It goes without saying that the specific configurations, means, and methods described in the present specification can be changed to equivalents as long as the essential parts of the present invention understood from the description of the specification are not changed.

It is a figure which shows an example of the frame for attaching a water retention sheet | seat which can be used in the method of this invention. It is a graph which shows the measurement result (part) of the roughness regarding the depth direction of the surface in the tile obtained in Comparative Example 1. It is a graph which shows the measurement result (part) of the roughness regarding the depth direction of the surface in the tile obtained in the comparative example 2. It is a graph which shows the measurement result (part) of the roughness regarding the depth direction of the surface in the tile obtained in the comparative example 3. It is a graph which shows the measurement result (part) of the roughness regarding the depth direction of the surface in the tile obtained in Example 1. FIG. It is a graph which shows the measurement result (part) of the roughness regarding the depth direction of the surface in the tile obtained in Example 2. FIG. It is a graph which shows the measurement result (part) of the roughness regarding the depth direction of the surface in the tile obtained in Example 3.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Polyvinyl chloride frame 2 ... Water retention sheet 3 ... Handle

Claims (5)

  A walking surface made of an inorganic material is roughened by bringing an aqueous solution of a drug capable of reacting with the inorganic material and having an elution action into contact with the walking surface through the water retaining sheet, and then the water retaining sheet. A non-slip construction method for a walking surface, characterized in that the step is removed.   The method according to claim 1, wherein the contact via the water-holding sheet is caused by bringing the water-holding sheet in which an aqueous solution of the medicine is held in advance into contact with the walking surface.   The method according to claim 1, wherein the contact via the water retention sheet is caused by causing the water retention sheet to retain the aqueous solution of the drug after the water retention sheet is brought into contact with the walking surface.   The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a material of the water retention sheet is selected from the group consisting of cotton, silk, chemical fiber, paper, polymer gel, and superabsorbent resin.   The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the water retention sheet is attached to a frame that is corrosion resistant to the aqueous solution of the drug.

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