JP2008247240A - Steering device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a steering device capable of securing a space between a steering wheel and a driver and reducing a burden on the driver in a head-on collision. <P>SOLUTION: A steering gear box 11 is supportingly attached to a first and a second oval holes 3, 4 shaped in a floor panel 2, a steering shaft 21 is rotatably supported by a steering support beam 5 through a steering support member 45 and a steering column 23, and the steering shaft 21 is rotated through an intermediate shaft 19 with the steering support beam 5 as a fulcrum following backward movement of the steering gear box 11. When the steering gear box 11 moves backward by a shock load, the steering shaft 21 rotates with the steering support beam 5 as the fulcrum and the steering wheel 22 moves forward, thereby a space is positively secured between the steering wheel 22 and the chest of the driver. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a steering device, and more particularly to a steering device that moves a steering wheel forward at the time of a frontal collision.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is a retractable steering device that avoids a steering wheel from protruding toward a driver side by pulling a steering shaft forward at the time of a frontal collision of a vehicle.

  There exists patent document 1 as this kind of retractable type steering device, for example. The steering device of Patent Document 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 14 and 15.

  FIG. 14 is a side view of an essential part of a vehicle provided with a retractable steering device, and FIG. 15 is a side view after a frontal collision of the vehicle shown in FIG.

  A pair of subframes 102 extending in the front-rear direction and having bending deformation allowable portions 102a and 102b are attached to the lower surfaces of the left and right side members 101, and an inclined portion between the bending deformation allowable portions 102a and 102b of the left and right subframes 102 is attached. 102 c are connected by a cross member 103 extending in the vehicle width direction, and a steering gear box 110 is attached to the cross member 103. The lower end portion of the intermediate shaft 112 is connected to the upper end portion of the pinion shaft 111 protruding from the steering gear box 110 via the universal joint 111a, and the upper end of the intermediate shaft 112 is relatively inclined through the universal joint 112a. A steering shaft 113 extending in the direction and provided with a steering wheel 114 at the upper end is connected so as to be swingable, and the intermediate shaft 112 is inserted into the opening hole 104 a of the toe board 104. A steering shaft 113 provided with the steering wheel 114 is rotatably inserted and held by a steering column 115, and brackets 106a and 106b attached to a vehicle body member 105 that extends in the vehicle width direction. Is supported by.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 15, when the impact load P acts on the front part of the side member 101 due to a frontal collision or the like, the side member 101 is crushed, that is, crashes, and the bending allowance parts 102a and 102b of the subframe 102 are bent. Then, the inclined portion 102c is angularly deformed in the standing direction. As a result, the cross member 103 attached to the inclined portion 102c is displaced downward and rotates in the direction of the arrow. As a result, the steering gear box 110 attached to the cross member 103 is also displaced downward and rotated in the direction of the arrow, so that the upper end portion of the pinion shaft 111 is displaced rearward and downward.

  Along with the displacement of the pinion shaft 111, the lower end portion of the intermediate shaft 112 is displaced rearward and downward, and the intermediate shaft 112 interferes with the lower edge of the opening hole 104a of the toe board 104. The upper end of the shaft 112 rotates forward, the steering shaft 113 is pulled in the axial direction, and the steering wheel 114 moves relatively forward. Thereby, when the side member 101 and the sub-frame 102 crash, it is avoided that the steering wheel 114 protrudes to the driver side.

JP-A-11-278286

  According to the steering device disclosed in Patent Document 1, when the impact load P acts on the front part of the side member 101 due to a frontal collision or the like, the side member 101 and the subframe 102 crash and rotate due to the rotation of the steering gear box 110. The steering shaft 113 is pulled in the axial direction by the pinion shaft 111 and the intermediate shaft 112 connected to the pinion shaft 111, the steering wheel 114 moves relatively forward, and the steering wheel 114 protrudes toward the driver. Can be avoided.

  However, in a vehicle such as a cab-over vehicle in which the distance from the driver's seat to the front end of the vehicle body is short and the steering shaft has a relatively small inclination angle and is substantially upright, it is relatively affected by an impact such as a frontal collision. There is concern about the interference between the driver's chest moving forward and the steering wheel. On the other hand, if the driver is firmly restrained by a seat belt or the like in order to reduce the moving distance of the driver who moves due to an impact such as a frontal collision, a large load acts on the driver due to the restraint and affects the driver. There is a fear.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention made in view of such a point is that the distance between the steering wheel and the driver at the time of collision can be ensured and the driver is applied even in a vehicle in which the inclination angle of the steering shaft is small and standing. An object of the present invention is to provide a steering device that can reduce the load and ensure the safety of the driver.

  The invention of the steering apparatus according to claim 1, which achieves the above object, includes a steering gear box in which a pinion shaft projects upward from a gear box body disposed on the lower surface of the floor panel and extending in the vehicle width direction, An intermediate shaft having a lower end swingably connected to the upper end of the pinion shaft, and a steering shaft having a lower end swingably connected to the upper end of the intermediate shaft and provided with a steering wheel at the upper end. In a steering device in which a steering column that is rotatably inserted and held is supported by a vehicle body member that extends in the vehicle width direction via a steering support member, a guide portion that extends in the vehicle body longitudinal direction is formed on the floor panel. The steering gear box is mounted and supported, and the steering support member and The steering shaft is rotatably supported with the vehicle body member as a fulcrum through the steering column, and the intermediate shaft is moved along with the displacement of the steering gear box that is guided to the guiding portion by the impact load from the front and moves backward. The steering wheel is configured to move forward by rotating the steering shaft with the vehicle body member as a fulcrum.

  According to the present invention, when the front part of the vehicle body crashes due to a frontal collision or the like and an impact load is input to the steering gear box from the front, the steering gear box is guided to the guiding part of the floor panel by the impact load and moves backward. . As the vehicle moves backward, the steering shaft supported through the steering column supported by the vehicle body member via the steering support member is rotated forward by the steering wheel rotated around the vehicle body member via the intermediate shaft. A gap can be positively secured between the steering wheel and the driver's chest. As a result, it is possible to secure an allowable moving distance for a driver who moves forward due to an impact such as a frontal collision, the load on the driver is greatly reduced, and the chest damage value of the driver is improved.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the steering apparatus according to the first aspect, the guide portion is an elongated hole formed on the floor panel and extending in the front-rear direction to movably mount and support the steering gear box. And a load absorbing member extending in the vehicle width direction and having a front surface portion capable of contacting the steering gear box.

  According to the present invention, the guide portion is formed by a long hole formed in the floor panel, and the steering gear box presses the load absorbing member as the steering gear box moves rearward due to impact load, and the load absorbing member is bent and deformed. The impact load can be attenuated by the drag that accompanies. Further, the movement characteristics such as the backward movement of the steering gear box due to the deformation of the load absorbing member at this time depend on the bending rigidity of the load absorbing member, and the forward moving characteristic of the steering wheel can be easily adjusted by the load absorbing member.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the steering apparatus according to the first aspect, the guide portion is formed on the floor panel and extends in the front-rear direction to attach and support the steering gear box movably. And an elongated hole disposed behind the mounting hole.

  According to the present invention, the guide portion is formed by the mounting hole and the elongated hole formed in the floor panel, and the mounting hole is deformed and broken by the fastener with the rearward movement of the steering gear box due to the impact load to attenuate the impact load. Movement characteristics such as the rearward movement speed of the steering gear box due to deformation and fracture of the mounting hole at this time can be easily adjusted by the shape of the mounting hole, etc., and the forward movement characteristic of the steering wheel can be easily adjusted by the mounting hole.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the steering apparatus according to any one of the first to third aspects, the steering support member is fitted into an outer peripheral surface of the vehicle body member and extends in the vehicle width direction. A cylindrical portion having a fixed portion fixed to the vehicle body member and a movable portion connected to the fixed portion via a fragile portion, and a steering attachment provided on the movable portion and fixed to the steering column And a section.

  According to the present invention, the movable portion of the cylindrical portion fitted to the vehicle body member rotates with the steering support beam around the steering support beam with deformation and breakage of the weak portion, so that the steering wheel moves forward. The forward movement characteristic can be easily adjusted by the weak part of the cylinder part.

  According to the present invention, when the steering gear box moves rearward due to an impact load caused by a frontal collision or the like, the steering shaft rotates around the vehicle body member as a fulcrum along with the rearward movement, and the steering wheel moves forward to leave the driver side. The gap between the steering wheel and the chest of the driver is positively secured. As a result, it is possible to secure an allowable movement distance for a driver who moves due to an impact such as a frontal collision, and the load on the driver can be greatly reduced.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of a steering device of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a main part of a front part of a cab-over type vehicle equipped with a steering device 10 according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view schematically showing a steering gear box mounting structure, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II of FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG. 2, FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a support structure of the steering shaft, and FIG. In each figure, an arrow F indicates the vehicle body front direction, and an arrow W indicates the vehicle width direction.

  As shown in FIG. 1, left and right front side members 1, 1 extending in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body are disposed on both sides of the front portion of the vehicle body, and a floor panel 2 is installed between the upper surfaces of the left and right front side members 1, 1. Has been.

  The steering device 10 includes a front gear 1 on the side where the driver's seat is disposed, a steering gear box 11 disposed on the lower surface of the floor panel 2 in the vicinity of the front end of the right front side member 1 in this embodiment, and a steering gear. A steering shaft 21 having a lower end portion of an intermediate shaft 19 connected to a pinion shaft 15 protruding upward from the box 11 via an elastic shaft joint 18 and a steering wheel 22 via a universal joint 20 to the upper end portion of the intermediate shaft 19. The steering shaft 21 is rotatably inserted and held by a steering column 23 in a state where the steering shaft 21 is relatively upright with a relatively small inclination angle, and the steering column 23 is installed between the left and right pillars. Steering support that is a member It is supported via a steering support member 45 to the beam 5.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the steering gear box 11 includes a gear box body 12 that extends in the vehicle width direction below the floor panel 2 and a boss portion 13 that protrudes upward from the center of the gear box body 12. A shaft portion 14 having a threaded portion formed on the outer periphery thereof is projected from the upper end of the boss portion 13. End fixing means 30 are provided at both ends of the gear box body 12. The end fixing means 30 will be described later in detail. A pinion shaft 15 is rotatably supported by the boss portion 13. Further, a rod-like impact load input member 16 having a top end 16a protruding from the center of the gear box body 12 toward the front of the vehicle body is provided.

  On the other hand, the floor panel 2 has a first guide portion formed by a first elongated hole 3 that can be inserted through the shaft portion 14 formed in the steering gear box 11 and extends in the front-rear direction, and the first elongated hole 3. And a second guide portion formed by a pair of second elongated holes 4 extending in the front-rear direction on both sides with a gap therebetween.

  A shaft portion 14 projecting from the boss portion 13 of the steering gear box 11 is inserted into the front portion of the first elongated hole 3 from below, and the top end 13a of the boss portion 13 is brought into contact with the edge portion of the first elongated hole 3. At the same time, a fixing nut 17 is screwed into a screw portion formed on the outer periphery of the shaft portion 14 protruding from the first long hole 3, and the floor panel 2 is sandwiched between the top end 13 a of the boss portion 13 and the fixing nut 17. As a result, the boss 13 of the steering gear box 11 is fixed to the floor panel 2.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the end fixing means 30 is a pair of brackets 31 that are fitted in the respective end portions 12 a of the gear box body 12 and have an arc shape sandwiching the end portions 12 a and are formed with bolt insertion holes at both ends. 32, fitting bolts 35, 35, which are fasteners that are inserted into the bolt insertion holes of the brackets 31, 32 and whose lower ends are fixed to the brackets 31, 32 by lock nuts 33, and fitting bolts 35, 35. Tube 36, 36 whose upper end is in contact with the edge of the second long hole 3, a mounting bolt 35 passing through the second long hole 4, a plate 37 having a through hole through which the upper part passes, and a mounting bolt Nuts 38 and 38 fitted to the upper ends of 35 and 35, and the floor panel 2 is sandwiched between the upper ends of the pipe tubes 36 and 36 and the plate 37, whereby both end portions 12 a and 12 a of the gear box body 12 are provided. It is fixed to the floor panel 2.

  Furthermore, a load absorbing member 41 is provided on the lower surface of the floor panel 2 so as to extend in the vehicle width direction across the first long hole 3 and to be able to contact the boss portion 13 of the steering gear box 11 from the rear center portion. Has been. Both ends 41a and 41a of the load absorbing member 41 are attached and supported on the floor panel 2 by brackets 42 and 42, respectively. A notch 41b is formed at the center corresponding to the boss 13 to form a fragile portion 41A having relatively low rigidity.

  On the other hand, the steering support member 45 that supports the steering column 23 that rotatably supports the steering shaft 21 on the steering support beam 5 is a cylindrical steering support beam 5 that extends in the vehicle width direction as schematically shown in FIG. And a pair of steering attachment portions 47 coupled to the cylindrical portion 46. The cylindrical cylindrical portion 46 is fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 46 and extends in the vehicle width direction.

  A relatively rigid portion is provided by a plurality of openings 46c drilled along the circumferential direction as shown in a cross-section in FIG. 6 between a central portion 46A in the vehicle width direction that serves as a fixing portion of the cylindrical portion 46 and both side portions 46B. A low fragile portion 46C is formed. A central portion 46A of the cylindrical portion 46 is fixed to the steering support beam 5 by a fixing bolt 48 or welding, and a steering column mounting portion 47 is provided on each side portion 46B.

  The steering column 23 is attached to each steering column mounting portion 47 of the steering support member 45 by a bolt 49 extending in a direction crossing the steering support beam 5.

  Next, the operation will be described with reference to the operation explanatory diagrams shown in FIGS. FIG. 7 shows an outline of the steering apparatus 10 in a normal state, and FIG. 8 shows an outline of the steering apparatus 10 after a collision.

  In the normal state shown in FIG. 7, the steering gear box 11 has a first end 13 a of the boss 13 protruding upward from the gear box main body 12 in contact with the edge of the first long hole 3 of the floor panel 2. The boss 13 is fixed to the floor panel 2 by screwing the fixing nut 17 into the shaft portion 14 protruding from the long hole 3, and both end portions 12 a and 12 a of the gear box body 12 are fixed by the end fixing means 30. The load absorbing member 41 fixed to the floor panel 2 and attached to the floor panel 2 from the rear of the boss portion 13 abuts to restrict the movement of the gear box main body 12, thereby providing sufficient coupling rigidity to the floor panel 2. And fixed.

  On the other hand, a steering column 23 that rotatably supports the steering shaft 21 is supported in a stable state by a steering support member 45 on a steering support beam 5 installed between pillars.

  In this normal state, as shown in FIG. 7, the impact load input member 16 protrudes forward from the gear box body 12 of the steering gear box 11, and the pinion shaft protrudes upward from the boss portion 13 of the steering gear box 11. 15 and an intermediate shaft 19 connected to the pinion shaft 15 via an elastic shaft joint 18 are held in a substantially straight state with a small inclination angle and substantially upright, and connected to the upper end of the intermediate shaft 19 via a universal joint 20. Further, the steering shaft 21 is supported by the steering support beam 5 via the steering column 23, the steering support member 45, and the like in a state in which the steering shaft 21 is relatively upright with a relatively small inclination angle. In this state, a sufficient gap is maintained between the steering wheel 22 provided at the upper end of the steering shaft 21 and the chest of the driver M seated in a driver seat (not shown).

  In addition, at the time of a light front collision, the impact load input member 16 that protrudes toward the front of the vehicle body from the steering gear box 11 is not affected, but the vehicle causes a front collision to an obstacle such as a wall and the vehicle body crashes greatly. In this case, when the impact load input member 16 is pushed backward relatively by the collision object, the steering gear box 11 is pushed backward along with the backward displacement.

  Next, the action at the time of a collision of the steering device having the above configuration will be described. Now, as shown in FIG. 8, when the vehicle collides with an obstacle such as a wall, the impact load acts on the front portion of the side member 1 and the side member 1 crashes, and the impact load P from the obstacle is steered. The impact load P acts on the top end 16 a of the impact load input member 16 protruding from the gear box 11, and the impact load P is transmitted to the gear box body 12 formed integrally with the impact load input member 16.

  With this impact load P, the steering gear box 11 supports the first elongated hole 3 in which the shaft portion 14 formed at the top end 13a of the boss portion 13 is inserted and fixed, and both end portions 12a and 12a of the gear box body 12. Each of the end fixing means 30 and 30 is guided by the second elongated holes 4 through which the mounting bolts 35 and 35 are inserted, and moves backward. Along with the rearward movement, the boss portion 13 presses the load absorbing member 41 to bend and deform the load absorbing member 41, and is displaced to the rear of the vehicle body while attenuating the impact load P by the drag accompanying the deformation of the load absorbing member 41. . Due to the deformation of the load absorbing member 41 at this time, the backward movement characteristics such as the backward moving speed of the steering gear box 11 depend on the bending rigidity of the load absorbing member 41, and the bending rigidity of the load absorbing member 41 is formed in the fragile portion 41A. It can be easily adjusted by the shape of the notch 41b.

  The lower end of the intermediate shaft 19 connected to the upper end of the pinion shaft 15 that moves backward with the rearward movement of the steering gear box 11 via the elastic shaft joint 18 moves backward, and the upper end of the intermediate shaft 19 passes through the intermediate shaft 19. The lower end of the steering shaft 21 connected by the universal joint 20 is urged rearward.

  As a result, a rotational force in the direction of arrow R with the steering support beam 5 as a fulcrum is applied to the steering shaft 21 which is rotatably supported by the steering column 23 via the steering support member 45 via the steering support member 45. The The rotational force is transmitted to the steering column mounting portion 47 of the steering support member 45 via the steering column 23 that holds the steering shaft 21 by the rotational force of the steering shaft 21, and the side portion 46B of the cylindrical portion 46 is deformed and deformed by the weak portion 46C. The steering shaft 21 rotates around the steering support beam 5 with breakage, the steering shaft 21 rotates about the steering support beam 5 via the steering column 23, and the steering wheel 22 provided at the upper end of the steering shaft 21 moves forward. .

  As the steering wheel 22 moves forward, the steering wheel 22 moves away from the driver M side, and a gap is positively secured between the steering wheel 22 and the chest of the driver M. As a result, the allowable movement distance of the driver M who moves due to an impact such as a frontal collision can be secured, the load on the driver M is greatly reduced, and the chest damage value of the driver M is improved. Further, the movement characteristics such as the forward moving speed of the steering wheel 22 accompanying the rotation of the steering shaft 21 are set according to the bending rigidity of the load absorbing member 41 set by the shape of the notch 41b constituting the fragile portion 41A of the load absorbing member 41. And it can adjust easily by adjusting the magnitude | size and number of the opening 47c opened to the weak part 46C formed in the cylinder part 46 of the steering support member 45. FIG.

(Second Embodiment)
A steering device according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the steering gear box mounting structure, and the other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, and only the steering gear box mounting structure will be described.

  FIG. 9 is a plan view corresponding to FIG. 2 of the first embodiment schematically showing a steering gear box mounting structure, and FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 9 and 10 are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 2 to 4, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  In the floor panel 2, a shaft portion 14 formed in the steering gear box 11 can be inserted, and a first guide portion formed by a first elongated hole 3 extending in the front-rear direction and a pair of first portions extending in the front-rear direction. It has the 2nd guidance part formed of 2 long holes 4.

  A shaft portion 14 projecting from the boss portion 13 of the steering gear box 11 is inserted into the front portion of the first elongated hole 3 from below, and the top end 13 a of the boss portion 13 is brought into contact with the edge portion of the first elongated hole 3. At the same time, a fixing nut 17 is screwed into the shaft portion 14 protruding from the first elongated hole 3, and the floor panel 2 is sandwiched between the top end 13 a of the boss portion 13 and the fixing nut 17, thereby the boss portion of the steering gear box 11. 13 is fixed to the floor panel 2. Further, the end portions 12a, 12a of the gear box body 12 are coupled to the floor panel 2 by the end fixing means 30 as in the first embodiment.

  Furthermore, a plurality of load absorbing members, for example, two, are provided on the lower surface of the floor panel 2 so as to extend in the vehicle width direction across the first long hole 3 and contact the boss portion 13 of the steering gear box 11 from the rear. Load absorbing members 51 and 52 are arranged in parallel. Each load absorbing member 51, 52 is attached to the floor panel 2 by brackets 53, 53 at both ends 51 a, 51 a, 52 a, 52 a, and each load absorbing member 51, 52 is notched corresponding to the boss portion 13. The parts 51b and 52b are formed, and the weak parts 52A and 52B are formed in the parts, respectively.

  With this configuration, in the normal state, the steering gear box 11 has a first end 13a in which the top end 13a of the boss 13 protruding upward from the gear box body 12 abuts on the edge of the first slot 3 of the floor panel 2. By screwing a fixing nut 17 into a box fixing screw portion 14 protruding from the long hole 3, the boss portion 13 is fixed to the floor panel 2, and both end portions 12a, 12a of the gear box body 12 are end fixing means. The load absorbing members 51 and 52 fixed to the floor panel 2 by 30 and 30 and attached to the floor panel 2 from the rear of the boss portion 13 come into contact with each other to restrict the movement of the gear box body 12, thereby controlling the floor panel 2. It is fixed with sufficient coupling rigidity.

  On the other hand, when the vehicle collides frontally with an obstacle such as a wall and the vehicle body crashes greatly, the impact load acts on the front part of the side member 1, the side member 1 crashes, and the impact load P from the obstacle Acts on the top end 16 a of the impact load input member 16 projecting from the steering gear box 11, and the impact load P is transmitted to the gear box body 12 formed integrally with the impact load input member 16.

  Due to this impact load P, the steering gear box 11 passes through the first elongated hole 3 and the both end portions 12a of the gear box body 12 which are fixed by inserting the gear box fixing screw portion 14 formed at the top end 13a of the boss portion 13 therethrough. The boss 13 is guided by the second elongated holes 4 through which the mounting bolts 35 of the supporting end fixing means 30 are inserted, and the boss 13 is pressed against the load absorbing members 51 and 52 by the drag accompanying the deformation of the load absorbing members 51 and 52. It displaces to the rear of the vehicle body while attenuating the impact load P. Due to the deformation of the load absorbing members 51 and 52 at this time, the backward movement characteristics such as the backward movement of the steering gear box 11 depend on the bending rigidity of the load absorbing members 51 and 52.

  According to the present embodiment configured as described above, since the load absorbing members 51 and 52 are provided in addition to the first embodiment, various load absorbing members 51 and 52 having different bending rigidity are used. Various rearward movement characteristics of the steering gear box 11 can be obtained by the deformation of the load absorbing members 51 and 52, and the required movement characteristics of the steering wheel 22 with respect to the impact load P according to the vehicle specifications can be accommodated. In the present embodiment, the two load absorbing members 51 and 52 are used. However, three or more other load absorbing members can be used.

(Third embodiment)
A third embodiment of the steering apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the steering gear box mounting structure, and the other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, and only the steering gear box mounting structure will be described.

  11 is a plan view corresponding to FIG. 2 of the first embodiment, schematically showing the steering gear box mounting structure, FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VV of FIG. 11, and FIG. 13 is VI-VI of FIG. It is line sectional drawing. In addition, in each figure, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the part corresponding to FIG. 2 thru | or FIG. 5, and the detailed description of this part is abbreviate | omitted.

  In the floor panel 2, a shaft portion 14 formed in the steering gear box 11 can be inserted, and a first guide portion formed by a first elongated hole 3 extending in the front-rear direction and a pair of first portions extending in the front-rear direction. It has the 2nd guidance part formed of 2 long holes 54. The second elongated hole 54 includes a first attachment hole 55, a first guide hole 56 formed adjacent to the rear of the first attachment hole 55, and a second formed adjacent to the rear of the first guide hole 56. The mounting hole 57 is configured by a second guide hole 58 formed adjacent to the rear of the second mounting hole 57.

  A shaft portion 14 projecting from the boss portion 13 of the steering gear box 11 is inserted into the front portion of the first elongated hole 3 from below, and the top end 13 a of the boss portion 13 is brought into contact with the edge portion of the first elongated hole 3. At the same time, the fixing nut 17 is screwed into the shaft portion 14 protruding from the first elongated hole 3, and the floor panel 2 is sandwiched between the top end 13 a of the boss portion 13 and the fixing nut 15, thereby the boss portion of the steering gear box 11. 13 is fixed to the floor panel 2.

  As in the first embodiment, the end fixing means 30 and 30 are fitted in the respective end portions 12a of the gear box body 12 and have an arc shape sandwiching the end portion 12a, and bolt insertion holes are formed at both ends. A pair of brackets 31, 32, and a pair of mounting bolts 35, 35 that serve as fasteners that are inserted into the bolt insertion holes of the brackets 31, 32 and are fixed to the brackets 31, 32 by lock nuts 33, 33; The pipes 36 and 36 are fitted into the respective mounting bolts 35 and 35 and the upper ends thereof are in contact with the edges of the first mounting hole 55 and the second mounting hole 57, and the first mounting hole 55 and the second mounting hole 57 are penetrated. A plate 37 having a through-hole through which the upper part of each mounting bolt 35, 35 penetrates, and nuts 38, 38 fitted to the upper end of the mounting bolt 35, 35, and the upper end of the tube 36, 36 and the plate 37. By Fro Both end portions of the gear box body 12 is fixed to the floor panel 2 by sandwiching the panel 2.

  With this configuration, in the normal state, the steering gear box 11 has a first end 13a in which the top end 13a of the boss 13 protruding upward from the gear box body 12 abuts on the edge of the first slot 3 of the floor panel 2. The boss 13 is fixed to the floor panel 2 by screwing the fixing nut 17 into the shaft portion 14 protruding from the long hole 3, and both end portions 12 a and 12 a of the gear box body 12 are fixed by the end fixing means 30. It is fixed to the floor panel 2.

  On the other hand, when the vehicle collides frontally with an obstacle such as a wall and the vehicle body crashes greatly, the impact load acts on the front part of the side member 1, the side member 1 crashes, and the impact load P from the obstacle Acts on the front end 16a of the impact load input member 16 projecting from the steering gear box 11, and the impact load P is transmitted to the gear box body 12 formed integrally with the impact load input member 16.

  Due to this impact load P, the steering gear box 11 is guided rearward by the first elongated hole 3 through which the shaft portion 14 formed at the top end 13 a of the boss portion 13 is inserted and fixed, and both ends of the gear box body 12 are The first mounting hole 55 and the second mounting hole 57 through which the mounting bolts 35 and 35 of each end fixing means 30 supporting the portion 12a are inserted are deformed and broken to be guided to the first guide hole 56 and the second guide 58. Displace to the rear of the car. At this time, the rearward movement characteristic of the steering gear box 11 can be easily adjusted by the shape of the first mounting hole 55 and the second mounting hole 57 due to deformation and fracture of the first mounting hole 55 and the second mounting hole 57.

  According to the present embodiment configured as described above, the load absorbing member in the first embodiment can be omitted, and the configuration can be simplified and the weight can be reduced.

  11, the first elongated hole 3 is formed by an attachment hole 61 and an elongated hole 62 through which the gear box fixing screw portion 14 of the steering gear box 11 is arranged in order from the front to the rear. You can also

  In this case, when the steering gear box 11 moves backward due to the impact load P, the mounting hole 61 through which the gear box fixing screw portion 14 formed in the top end 13a of the boss portion 13 is inserted and fixed is deformed and fractured. It is guided by the elongated hole 62 and displaced rearward of the vehicle body. The deformation fracture of the mounting hole 61 at this time depends on the rearward movement characteristic of the steering gear box 11 with respect to the impact load P.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, in each of the above embodiments, the impact load input member 16 that protrudes forward from the gear box body 12 of the steering gear box 11 is provided. It is also possible to arrange an impact load input member that protrudes opposite to the steering gear box 11 on a vehicle body member that is displaced rearward, for example, an engine or the like. In this case, the impact load input member 16 provided in the steering gear box 11 can be omitted, and the shape of the steering gear box 16 is simplified.

  In the above embodiment, the first guide portion and the second guide portion formed on the floor panel 1 are formed by the elongated holes extending in the vehicle body front-rear direction, but the thickness of the floor panel is reduced in the front-rear direction. It can also be formed by possible brittle parts. Moreover, the weak part 46C formed in the cylinder part 46 of the steering support part 45 can be formed by a thin part instead of the opening 47c.

It is a principal part perspective view of the vehicle body front part of the cab over type motor vehicle provided with the steering device which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a top view which shows typically the attachment structure of a steering gear box. It is the II sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is the II-II sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the support structure of a steering shaft. It is the III-III sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is an operation explanatory view showing an outline of a steering device in a normal state. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing which shows the outline | summary of the steering device after a collision. It is a top view which shows typically the attachment structure of the steering gear box of the steering device which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is the IV-IV sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is a top view which shows typically the attachment structure of the steering gear box of the steering device which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is the VV sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is the VI-VI sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is a principal part side view of the vehicle provided with the conventional steering device. It is a side view after the front collision of the vehicle shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 Front side member 2 Floor panel 3 First slot (first guide)
4 2nd slot (2nd guide part)
5 Steering support beam (body member)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Steering device 11 Steering gear box 12 Gear box main body 13 Boss part 13a Top end 14 Shaft part 15 Pinion shaft 16 Impact load input member 17 Fixing nut 19 Intermediate shaft 21 Steering shaft 22 Steering wheel 23 Steering column 30 End fixing means 35 Attachment Bolt (fastener)
41 Load absorbing member 41a End portion 42 Bracket 45 Steering support member 46 Tube portion 46A Center portion (fixed portion)
46B Side (movable part)
46C Weak part 47 Steering column attaching part 51, 52 Load absorbing member 51a, 52a End part 53 Bracket 54 Second elongated hole (second guide part)
55 First mounting hole 56 Front long hole 57 Second mounting hole 58 Rear long hole 61 Mounting hole 62 Long hole

Claims (4)

A steering gear box in which a pinion shaft projects upward from a gear box body disposed on the lower surface of the floor panel and extending in the vehicle width direction; and an intermediate shaft having a lower end pivotably connected to an upper end of the pinion shaft; A steering column having a lower end pivotably connected to an upper end of the intermediate shaft and a steering wheel provided at the upper end, and a steering column rotatably inserting and holding the steering shaft through a steering support member In the steering device supported by the vehicle body member extending in the direction,
The steering gear box is mounted and supported on a guide portion formed on the floor panel extending in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body, and the steering shaft is rotated about the vehicle body member as a fulcrum through the steering support member and the steering column. Support possible,
Along with the displacement of the steering gear box that is guided to the guiding portion by the impact load from the front and moves backward, the steering shaft rotates about the vehicle body member via the intermediate shaft, so that the steering wheel moves forward. A steering apparatus characterized by being configured to move to The guiding part is
An elongated hole formed on the floor panel and extending in the front-rear direction to movably mount and support the steering gear box;
The steering apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a load absorbing member having a front surface portion that can contact the steering gear box and extending in a vehicle width direction. The guiding part is
2. A mounting hole formed on the floor panel and extending in the front-rear direction for mounting and supporting the steering gear box, and an elongated hole disposed behind the mounting hole. Steering device. The steering support member is
A cylinder that is fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the vehicle body member and extends in the vehicle width direction, and has a fixed portion that is fixed to the vehicle body member and a movable portion that is connected to the fixed portion via a weak portion. And
The steering apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a steering mounting portion provided on the movable portion and to which the steering column is fixed.

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