JP2008240901A - Conical roller bearing - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a conical roller bearing having excellent durability and lubricity. <P>SOLUTION: The conical roller bearing includes a bent part 49 directed to an inner diameter in an end of a cage 40 and a plurality of partition plates 51 at equal intervals in a circumferential direction of an annular space 50 surrounded by the bent part 49. By so doing, the strength of the cage 40 can be enhanced. The annular space 50 functions as an oil sump to enhance the lubricity of the bearing immediately after start in particular. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a tapered roller bearing and can be used, for example, as a bearing for a driving device of a railway vehicle.

  FIG. 10 shows a schematic configuration around the drive system of the railway vehicle. As shown in the figure, the output of a drive source 101 such as a motor is transmitted to a drive device 105 having a small gear 103 and a large gear 104 via a joint 102, and after being decelerated at a predetermined gear ratio, is transmitted to an axle 106. Is done. At both ends of the axle 106, a car box 109 supported by a carriage frame 108 via a spring 107 is disposed. The axle 106 is rotatably supported by a bearing 110 disposed in the car box 109 and is held at an appropriate position with respect to the carriage frame.

  Main bearings used in railway vehicles include axles 110, driving devices 111 and 112, and motors 113 and 114. As the axle bearing 110, a double-row cylindrical roller bearing or an outward-facing double-row tapered roller bearing is often used, and the lubrication is often performed with grease enclosed in the bearing. The drive device bearings 111 and 112 are bearings used to support the small gear 103 and the large gear 104, and are housed in the gear case 116, and inward double-row tapered roller bearings are often used. The drive device bearings 111 and 112 are often lubricated by splashing the lubricating oil 117 stored in the gear case 116 with the large gear 104.

  Patent Document 1 discloses an example of a tapered roller bearing used in such a railway vehicle drive device.

JP 2001-317551 A

  Since tapered roller bearings used for railway vehicle drive devices are subjected to large impact loads and intense vibrations, the durability of the bearings is important. For example, a cage that guides a rolling element receives a large impact load from the rolling element as the bearing rotates, so that an improvement in strength is required.

  In addition, in such a railway vehicle, particularly a railway vehicle driving device that travels in a cold region in winter, lubricity of the tapered roller bearing at the time of starting after stopping for a long time may be a problem. That is, in a railway vehicle drive device, the oil inside the tapered roller bearing almost flows down by stopping for a long time. If the vehicle departs in such a state, the tapered roller is driven with poor lubrication until the oil in the oil bath is sprung up by rotation of the large gear and sufficient oil is supplied to the tapered roller. It becomes. In particular, since the viscosity of the oil increases in a low temperature state, even if the large gear rotates, it is difficult to jump up from the oil bath, and it takes a long time to supply sufficient oil to the tapered rollers. When traveling in a state of insufficient lubrication for a long time as described above, poor lubrication occurs at the sliding portion (indicated by P in FIG. 3) between the large end face of the tapered roller and the large collar surface of the inner ring, which is under heavy load. There is a risk that the moving part may be worn out or the rotational torque of the tapered roller bearing may increase.

  The subject of this invention is providing the tapered roller bearing excellent in durability and lubricity.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an outer ring having a raceway surface on the inner periphery, an inner ring having a raceway surface on the outer periphery, and a rollable interposition between the raceway surface of the inner ring and the raceway surface of the outer ring. In a tapered roller bearing comprising a plurality of tapered rollers and a cage for holding the tapered rollers at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, at least one end of the cage in the axial direction is bent at an inner diameter. And partition plates are provided at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction of the annular space formed inside the bent portion.

  As described above, in the tapered roller bearing according to the present invention, at least one of the axial ends of the cage is provided with a bent portion directed toward the inner diameter, and the circumference of the annular space formed inside the bent portion. By providing the partition plates at a plurality of locations in the direction, the partition plates function as the ribs of the bent portions, so that the strength of the cage is increased. In addition, the area | region inside a bending part shall mean the area | region formed between the end surfaces of a bending part.

  Further, by making this annular space function as an oil reservoir, it is possible to improve the lubricity of the bearing, particularly the lubricity immediately after starting. That is, for example, by providing a bent portion at the end on the large diameter side of the cage, even if the tapered roller bearing stops for a long time and the oil inside the bearing flows down, the oil is formed in the lower portion of the annular space. Can be held. When the bearing is started, the oil held in the annular space moves upward as the cage rotates, and this oil falls due to gravity, and contacts the contact portion P between the large end surface of the tapered roller and the large collar surface of the inner ring. Supplied (see FIG. 3). In order to reliably supply the oil to the contact portion P or the like, it is necessary to reliably move the oil held in the lower portion of the annular space to the upper position as the retainer rotates. For example, in the cage 140 without a partition plate as shown in FIG. 9, even if the cage 140 rotates in the direction of the arrow D, the oil accumulated in the lower part of the annular space 150 formed by the bent portion 149 is easy. Since the oil flows out of the annular space 150, the oil does not move to the upper side of the bearing, and the oil may not be supplied to the sliding portion. Therefore, by providing partition plates at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction of the annular space, it is possible to delay the outflow of the oil accumulated in the annular space, so that the oil can be moved further upward. Oil can be reliably supplied to the moving part (see FIG. 4).

  Alternatively, a porous solid lubricant can be attached to the annular space surrounded by the bent portion. A porous solid lubricant is a solid lubricant that is made solid by foaming and solidifying a molten resin material and filling the porous portion with a lubricating component. The porous solid lubricant exudes from this porous solid lubricant. The oil is supplied to the sliding portion between the large end surface of the tapered roller and the large collar surface of the inner ring, thereby improving the lubricity of the bearing. In this case, by providing the partition plate in the annular space, the adhesion surface between the porous solid lubricant and the cage is increased, so that the holding power of the porous solid lubricant is increased. In particular, when the circumferential interval of the partition plate is reduced toward the inner diameter side, the partition plate functions as a retainer, thereby further increasing the holding power of the porous solid lubricant.

  The partition plate may be provided so as to precede the inner diameter side in the rotation direction. For example, when the annular space is an oil reservoir, by providing the partition plate ahead of the inner diameter side in the rotation direction, a recess that captures oil in the rotation direction is formed by the partition plate, so that the oil is reliably moved to the upper position. It can be moved (see FIG. 7).

  Also, if the first partition plate preceded in one rotation direction toward the inner diameter side and the second partition plate advanced in the other rotation direction toward the inner diameter side are arranged adjacent to each other, the bearing rotates in any direction. Even if it does, the recessed part which capture | acquires oil with respect to a rotation direction can be formed with a partition plate (refer FIG. 8).

  A railcar drive device incorporating such a tapered roller bearing can be started without causing poor lubrication even immediately after being stopped for a long time at a low temperature.

  As described above, according to the present invention, a tapered roller bearing having excellent durability and lubricity can be obtained.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  The tapered roller bearing 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 is used as bearings 111 and 112 for a drive device 105 of a railway vehicle as shown in FIG. The tapered roller bearing 1 includes an outer ring 10, an inner ring 20, a plurality of tapered rollers 30 and a cage 40 as main components.

  The outer ring 10 has a conical raceway surface 12 on the inner periphery. The inner ring 20 has a conical raceway surface 22 on the outer periphery, and a large collar surface 24 is provided on the large diameter side of the raceway surface 22 and a small collar surface 26 is provided on the small diameter side. A plurality of tapered rollers 30 are arranged between the raceway surface 12 of the outer ring 10 and the raceway surface 22 of the inner ring 20 so as to roll freely. The plurality of tapered rollers 30 are held by the retainer 40 at predetermined circumferential intervals. The tapered corners of the tapered rollers 30 and the raceways 12 and 22 of the outer ring 10 and the inner ring 20 coincide with each other at one point O on the center line of the tapered roller bearing 1, as shown in FIG. It can roll along the raceway surfaces 12 and 22.

  The cage 40 includes a small-diameter annular portion 42 that is in sliding contact with the small end surface 31 of the tapered roller 30, a large-diameter annular portion 44 that is in sliding contact with the large end surface 32 of the tapered roller 30, and a column portion 46 that connects these. At both ends in the axial direction of the cage 40, bent portions 48 and 49 directed toward the inner diameter are provided on the entire circumference. An annular space 50 is formed inside the bent portion 49 on the large-diameter annular portion 44 side, and partition plates 51 are provided at a plurality of circumferential positions in the annular space 50, in this embodiment, at 12 circumferentially spaced intervals. (See FIG. 4).

  The cage 40 can be formed by, for example, pressing or cutting. The cage 40 is not only formed as a whole, but also a small-diameter side bent portion 48, a large-diameter side bent portion 49, or a partition plate 51 is formed separately, and is attached to a predetermined portion of the cage 40 by welding or the like. It may be fixed.

  As described above, the bent portion 49 facing the inner diameter is provided at the end portion on the large diameter side of the cage 40, and the partition plates 51 are provided at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction of the annular space 50 formed inside the bent portion 49. By providing, the partition plate 51 functions as a rib of the bent portion, so that the strength of the cage 40 is increased. Further, by providing the bent portions 48 and 49 at both axial ends of the cage 40, it is possible to prevent an increase in torque due to excessive oil flowing into the tapered roller bearing 1.

  Further, by providing the flange-shaped bent portion 49 facing the inner diameter at the end of the large-diameter annular portion 44 as described above, the following effects can be obtained. That is, when the tapered roller bearing 1 shown in FIG. 1 is used in the vertical direction of the illustrated embodiment, oil can be held in the lower portion of the annular space 50 formed by the bent portion 49 (see the enlarged view of FIG. 1). ). When the bearing 1 rotates after being stopped for a long time, the oil retained in the lower portion of the annular space 50 moves upward as the retainer 40 rotates. The oil that has moved upward falls downward due to gravity and is supplied to the sliding portion P between the large end surface 32 of the tapered roller 30 and the large collar surface 24 of the inner ring 20, and this portion is lubricated (indicated by an arrow A in FIG. 3). Show). Or it flows down along the pillar part 46 of the holder | retainer 40, is supplied to the tapered roller 30, and lubricates between the tapered roller 30 and the track surface 12 of the outer ring | wheel 10, or the track surface 22 of the inner ring | wheel 20 (arrow in FIG. 3). B).

  Further, by providing the partition plate 51 in the annular space 50, it is possible to delay the outflow of the oil accumulated in the lower portion of the annular space 50, so that it is possible to move the oil further upward. It can be reliably supplied to the sliding portion P or the like (see FIG. 4).

  In this way, when oil is held in the annular space 50 formed by the bent portion 49 of the large-diameter annular portion 44 of the retainer 40 and the bearing 1 is started after being stopped for a long time, immediately after the rotation of the bearing 1 is started. Oil can be supplied to the sliding portion P. As a result, the bearing 1 is used, for example, in a driving device for a railway vehicle that travels in a cold region, and avoids the possibility of poor lubrication in the bearing 1 even when the bearing 1 is started immediately after being stopped for a long time at night or during regular inspections. can do.

  The embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above. Hereinafter, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the following description, parts having the same configuration and function as those of the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.

  In the above embodiment, the case where oil is held in the annular space 50 formed by the bent portion 49 on the large-diameter annular portion 44 side of the cage 40 has been described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, a porous solid lubricant 60 may be attached to the annular space 50. Thus, by providing the partition plate 51 in the annular space 50, the adhesion surface between the porous solid lubricant 60 and the cage 40 is increased, so that the holding force of the porous solid lubricant 60 is increased. Further, in the example shown in FIG. 5, since the partition plate 51 circumferential interval is reduced toward the inner diameter side, the partition plate 51 functions as a retainer and the holding power of the porous solid lubricant 60 is further increased. Furthermore, since the porous solid lubricant 60 is partitioned by the partition plate 51, even if the bearing is stopped for a long time, the oil impregnated inside the porous solid lubricant 60 is prevented from being unevenly distributed in the lower part due to gravity. In addition, the lubricating component can be stably supplied from the entire circumference of the porous solid lubricant 60.

  Here, the porous solid lubricant is a solid lubricant obtained by foaming a resin component to make it porous, and filling the porous portion with the lubricant component. In the porous solid lubricant, the lubricating component filled in the porous portion gradually oozes out due to an external force applied during rotation of the bearing, a capillary phenomenon, or the like. Oil exuding from the porous solid lubricant is supplied to the outer peripheral surface of the tapered roller 30 via the contact portion between the large end surface 32 of the tapered roller 30 and the large collar surface 24 of the inner ring 20 or the column portion 46. Thus, the bearing 1 is lubricated.

  The amount of the lubricating component that exudes from the porous solid lubricant can be minimized by appropriately selecting the resin component material and adjusting the elasticity of the resin component. Therefore, the lubrication component does not flow more than necessary into the bearing, and leakage of the lubrication component to the outside of the bearing and an increase in rotational torque inside the bearing can be prevented.

  In addition, since the porous solid lubricant has a large surface area due to foaming, the excess lubricating component that has oozed out can be temporarily held in the foam bubbles again. Accordingly, since the amount of the lubricating component that exudes from the porous solid lubricant can be stabilized, the lubricating performance can be maintained over a long period of time.

  As a resin component constituting the porous solid lubricant, either or both of an elastomer and a plastomer can be adopted as an alloy or a copolymer component among resin (plastic) or rubber.

  In the case of rubber, various rubbers such as natural rubber, butadiene rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, chloroprene rubber, butyl rubber, nitrile rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, silicone rubber, urethane elastomer, fluorine rubber, and chlorosulfone rubber can be employed.

  In the case of plastics, polyurethane resin, polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, polystyrene resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, polyacetal resin, polyamide 4,6 resin (PA4,6), polyamide 6,6 resin (PA6,6), polyamide General-purpose plastics and engineering plastics such as 6T resin (PA6T) and polyamide 9T resin (PA9T) can be used.

  The resin component used for the porous solid lubricant is not limited to the above plastics, and urethane foams such as soft urethane foam, rigid urethane foam, and semi-rigid urethane foam can also be used.

  In addition, as a lubricating component used in the porous solid lubricant, any kind can be used as long as it does not dissolve the solid material forming the foam. For example, lubricating oil, grease, wax and the like can be used. You may use individually or in mixture.

  As lubricating oil, commonly used lubricating oils such as paraffinic and naphthenic mineral oils, ester synthetic oils, ether synthetic oils, hydrocarbon synthetic oils, GTL base oils, fluorine oils, silicone oils, etc. Or those mixed oils are mentioned.

  Examples of the thickener of the grease include soaps such as lithium soap, lithium complex soap, calcium soap, calcium complex soap, aluminum soap and aluminum complex soap, and urea compounds such as diurea compounds and polyurea compounds, but are particularly limited. Is not to be done.

  Examples of the urea thickener include, but are not limited to, diurea compounds and polyurea compounds.

  The diurea compound is obtained, for example, by reaction of diisocyanate and monoamine. Diisocyanates include phenylene diisocyanate, diphenyl diisocyanate, phenyl diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, octadecane diisocyanate, decane diisocyanate, hexane diisocyanate, and monoamines include octylamine, dodecylamine, hexadecylamine, octadecylamine, oleylamine, aniline, p-Toluidine, cyclohexylamine and the like can be mentioned.

  The polyurea compound can be obtained, for example, by reacting diisocyanate with a monoamine or diamine. Examples of the diisocyanate and monoamine include those similar to those used for the production of the diurea compound. Examples of the diamine include ethylenediamine, propanediamine, butanediamine, hexanediamine, octanediamine, phenylenediamine, tolylenediamine, and xylenediamine. Is mentioned. As the base oil of the grease, the same lubricant oil as described above can be used.

  The wax may be any of hydrocarbon-based synthetic wax, polyethylene wax, fatty acid ester-based wax, fatty acid amide-based wax, ketone / amines, hydrogenated oil, and the like. As the oil component used for these waxes, the same oil components as those described above can be used.

  Lubricating components as described above include solid lubricants such as molybdenum disulfide and graphite, friction modifiers such as organic molybdenum, oily agents such as amines, fatty acids, and fats, and antioxidants such as amines and phenols. Agents, rust inhibitors such as petroleum sulfonate, dinonyl naphthalene sulfonate, sorbitan ester, extreme pressure agents such as sulfur and sulfur-phosphorus, antiwear agents such as organic zinc and phosphorus, benzotriazole, sodium nitrite, etc. Various additives such as viscosity index improvers such as metal deactivators, polymethacrylates and polystyrenes may be included.

  As a means for foaming the resin component, a well-known foaming means may be employed. For example, a physical method for heating and vaporizing an organic solvent having a relatively low boiling point such as water, acetone, hexane, etc. A mechanical foaming method that blows active gas from the outside, such as azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) or azodicarbonimide (ADCA), which uses a decomposable foaming agent that decomposes by temperature or light and generates nitrogen gas, etc. And the like. Moreover, when it has a highly reactive isocyanate group as a raw material, you may use the chemical foaming by the carbon dioxide produced by the chemical reaction with it and a water molecule.

  In order to use foaming accompanied by such a reaction, it is desirable to use a catalyst as necessary. For example, a tertiary amine catalyst or an organometallic catalyst is used.

  Examples of the tertiary amine catalyst include monoamines, diamines, triamines, cyclic amines, alcohol amines, ether amines, imidazole derivatives, and acid block amine catalysts.

  In addition, as organometallic catalysts, stanaoctate, dibutyltin diacetate, dibutyltin dilaurate, dibutyltin marker peptide, dibutyltin thiocarboxylate, dibutyltin maleate, dioctyltin dimarkaptide, dioctyltin thiocarboxylate, lead octenoate, etc. Is mentioned. Moreover, you may mix and use these multiple types for the purpose of adjusting the balance of reaction.

  In addition, as a method of filling the porous portion of the resin component with the lubricant, a method of filling the resin material after solidification (post-impregnation), or a method of foaming and solidifying the resin material while immersed in the lubricant (foaming) Impregnation) and the like. Among these, the foam impregnation can highly fill the inside of the resin component with lubricating oil.

  The porous solid lubricant may be molded by pouring into a mold, or after solidifying under normal pressure, it can be post-processed into a desired shape by cutting or grinding. In this way, the porous solid lubricant is formed into an annular shape and attached to the inner peripheral surface of the large-diameter annular portion 44 of the cage 40 as the oil supply portion 60. At this time, the filling of the porous solid lubricant with the lubricant may be performed before being attached to the cage 40 or after being attached to the cage 40.

  In the above-described embodiment, the case where the annular space 50 is formed by the bent portion 49 provided on the large-diameter annular portion 44 side of the cage 40 is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this, for example, as shown in FIG. The annular space 50 may be formed by the bent portion 48 provided on the small diameter annular portion 42 side. In the example shown in FIG. 6, the bent portion 48 has a portion extending toward the inner diameter side and a portion extending in the axial direction and toward the bearing inner side. When the annular space 50 formed by the bent portion 48 functions as an oil reservoir, for example, by providing minute irregularities on the wall surface 48a on the bearing inner side of the bent portion 48, the oil trapping function can be improved.

  Moreover, in said embodiment, although the partition plate 51 is provided in the radial direction of the holder | retainer 40, it is not restricted to this, For example, as shown in FIG. It may be provided in advance. That is, the partition plate 51 (indicated by R in FIG. 7) located 90 ° from the lower end position of the retainer 40 in the rotation direction D has a recess 52 that captures oil between the large-diameter annular portion 44. It is provided to form. By rotating the retainer 40 while capturing oil in the recess 52, the oil can be reliably moved from the lower end of the retainer 40 to an upper position of 90 ° or more.

  Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 8, the first partition plate 51a preceded in the one rotation direction D1 toward the inner diameter side, and the second partition plate 51b advanced in the other rotation direction D2 toward the inner diameter side. They may be arranged next to each other in the circumferential direction. According to this, for example, when the annular space 50 is made to function as an oil reservoir, a recess that captures oil in the rotation direction can be formed regardless of the direction in which the cage 40 rotates. That is, when the retainer 40 rotates in the D1 direction (shown in the left side view of FIG. 8), a recess 52 is formed between the first partition plate 51a and the large-diameter annular portion 44, and the retainer 40 is in the D2 direction. (Shown in the right side view of FIG. 8), a recess 52 is formed between the second partition plate 51b and the large-diameter annular portion 44.

  In the above embodiment, the case where the tapered roller bearing 1 of the present invention is used in a drive device for a railway vehicle has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this and can be applied to other applications.

It is sectional drawing of the tapered roller bearing which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing of a tapered roller bearing. It is an expanded sectional view of a tapered roller bearing. It is the front view which looked at the retainer of the tapered roller bearing of FIG. 3 from the C direction. It is a front view of the holder | retainer of other embodiment. It is an enlarged step view of the tapered roller bearing of other embodiment. It is a front view of the holder | retainer of other embodiment. It is a front view of the holder | retainer of other embodiment. It is a front view of the conventional cage | basket. It is a side view explaining the drive system of a railway vehicle.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Tapered roller bearing 10 Outer ring 20 Inner ring 30 Tapered roller 40 Cage 42 Small-diameter annular part 44 Large-diameter annular part 46 Column part 48, 49 Bending part 50 Annular space 51 Partition plate 60 Porous solid lubricant P Sliding part

Claims (6)

An outer ring having a raceway surface on the inner periphery, an inner ring having a raceway surface on the outer periphery, a plurality of tapered rollers interposed between the raceway surface of the inner ring and the raceway surface of the outer ring, and a tapered roller Tapered roller bearings with cages that hold at equal intervals in the direction,
Of the both axial ends of the cage, at least one end is provided with a bent portion facing the inner diameter, and partition plates are provided at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction of the annular space formed inside the bent portion. Tapered roller bearing.   The tapered roller bearing according to claim 1, wherein the annular space functions as an oil reservoir.   The tapered roller bearing according to claim 1, wherein a porous solid lubricant is attached to the annular space.   The tapered roller bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the partition plate is arranged so as to precede the inner diameter side in the rotation direction.   The first partition plate that is preceded in one rotation direction toward the inner diameter side and the second partition plate that is advanced in the other rotation direction toward the inner diameter side are arranged adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction. Tapered roller bearings.   A drive device for a railway vehicle incorporating the tapered roller bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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