JP2008240900A - Conical roller bearing - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a conical roller bearing which can be actuated without causing insufficient lubrication even at start immediately after long hours of interruption. <P>SOLUTION: An oil sump 50 taken as an oil supply part is provided to a large diameter annular part 44 of a cage 40. By disposing the oil sump 50 in a position close to a slide part P of a large end surface 32 in a conical roller 30 and a large collar surface 24 in an inner ring 20 which tends to cause insufficient lubrication, the slide part can be lubricated immediately after actuating the bearing. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a tapered roller bearing and can be used, for example, as a bearing for a driving device of a railway vehicle.

  FIG. 10 shows a schematic configuration of a railway vehicle drive system. As shown in the figure, the output of a drive source 101 such as a motor is transmitted to a drive device 105 having a small gear 103 and a large gear 104 via a joint 102, and after being decelerated at a predetermined gear ratio, is transmitted to an axle 106. Is done. At both ends of the axle 106, a car box 109 supported by a carriage frame 108 via a spring 107 is disposed. The axle 106 is rotatably supported by a bearing 110 disposed in the car box 109 and is held at an appropriate position with respect to the carriage frame.

  Main bearings used in railway vehicles include axles 110, driving devices 111 and 112, and motors 113 and 114. As the axle bearing 110, a double-row cylindrical roller bearing or an outward-facing double-row tapered roller bearing is often used, and the lubrication is often performed with grease enclosed in the bearing. The drive device bearings 111 and 112 are bearings used to support the small gear 103 and the large gear 104, and are housed in the gear case 116, and inward double-row tapered roller bearings are often used. The drive device bearings 111 and 112 are often lubricated by splashing the lubricating oil 117 stored in the gear case 116 with the large gear 104.

  Patent Document 1 discloses an example of a tapered roller bearing used in such a railway vehicle drive device.

JP 2001-317551 A

  In such a railway vehicle, in particular, a railway vehicle drive device that travels in a cold region in winter, lubricity of the tapered roller bearing at the time of starting after stopping for a long time may be a problem. That is, in a railway vehicle drive device, the oil inside the tapered roller bearing almost flows down by stopping for a long time. If the vehicle departs in such a state, the tapered roller is driven with poor lubrication until the oil in the oil bath is sprung up by rotation of the large gear and sufficient oil is supplied to the tapered roller. It becomes. In particular, since the viscosity of the oil increases in a low temperature state, even if the large gear rotates, it is difficult to jump up from the oil bath, and it takes a long time to supply sufficient oil to the tapered rollers. When traveling in a state of insufficient lubrication for a long time as described above, poor lubrication occurs at the sliding portion (indicated by P in FIG. 3) between the large end face of the tapered roller and the large collar surface of the inner ring, which is under heavy load. There is a risk that the moving part may be worn out or the rotational torque of the tapered roller bearing may increase.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a tapered roller bearing that can be driven without causing poor lubrication even at the start immediately after stopping for a long time.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an outer ring having a raceway surface on the inner periphery, an inner ring having a raceway surface on the outer periphery, and a rollable interposition between the raceway surface of the inner ring and the raceway surface of the outer ring. A plurality of tapered rollers, a small-diameter annular portion that slides with the small end surface of the tapered roller, and a large-diameter annular portion that slides with the large end surface of the tapered roller, and holds the tapered rollers at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. In a tapered roller bearing provided with a cage, an oil supply unit is provided in a large-diameter annular portion of the cage.

  Thus, in the tapered roller bearing of the present invention, the oil supply portion is arranged on the large-diameter annular portion of the cage. As a result, the oil supply part is arranged in the position close to the sliding part between the large end face of the tapered roller and the large collar face of the inner ring, which are likely to cause poor lubrication. By supplying oil to the sliding part from the supply part promptly, the sliding part can be lubricated immediately after starting.

  For example, the oil supply portion can be configured by providing a bent portion directed toward the inner diameter at the end of the large-diameter annular portion of the cage and forming an annular oil reservoir inside the bent portion. Thereby, for example, even when the tapered roller bearing is stopped for a long time and the oil in the bearing flows down, the oil can be held in the lower portion of the annular oil reservoir formed by the bent portion. When the bearing starts, the oil held in the oil pool moves upward as the cage rotates, and the oil reaching the upper position falls due to gravity and slides between the large end surface of the tapered roller and the large collar surface of the inner ring. The sliding portion is lubricated by being supplied to the moving portion (see arrow A in FIG. 3). If partition plates are provided at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction of the annular oil reservoir, it is possible to delay the outflow of the oil accumulated in the annular space, so that the oil can be moved further upward. Oil can be reliably supplied to the moving part. In addition, the area | region inside a bending part shall mean the area | region formed between the end surfaces of a bending part.

  Alternatively, a porous solid lubricant may be disposed on the large-diameter annular portion of the cage, and this porous solid lubricant may function as an oil supply unit. The porous solid lubricant is a solid lubricant that is made porous by solidifying while foaming a molten resin material, and a porous component is filled with a lubricating component. The oil that oozes from the porous solid lubricant is supplied to the sliding portion between the large end surface of the tapered roller and the large collar surface of the inner ring, whereby the lubricity of the sliding portion can be enhanced.

  A railcar drive device incorporating such a tapered roller bearing can be started without causing poor lubrication even immediately after being stopped for a long time at a low temperature.

  As described above, according to the tapered roller bearing of the present invention, it is possible to drive without causing poor lubrication even at the start immediately after stopping for a long time.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  The tapered roller bearing 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 is used as bearings 111 and 112 for a drive device 105 of a railway vehicle as shown in FIG. The tapered roller bearing 1 includes an outer ring 10, an inner ring 20, a plurality of tapered rollers 30 and a cage 40 as main components.

  The outer ring 10 has a conical raceway surface 12 on the inner periphery. The inner ring 20 has a conical raceway surface 22 on the outer periphery, and a large collar surface 24 is provided on the large diameter side of the raceway surface 22 and a small collar surface 26 is provided on the small diameter side. A plurality of tapered rollers 30 are arranged between the raceway surface 12 of the outer ring 10 and the raceway surface 22 of the inner ring 20 so as to roll freely. The plurality of tapered rollers 30 are held by the retainer 40 at predetermined circumferential intervals. The tapered corners of the tapered rollers 30 and the raceways 12 and 22 of the outer ring 10 and the inner ring 20 coincide with each other at one point O on the center line of the tapered roller bearing 1, as shown in FIG. It can roll along the raceway surfaces 12 and 22.

  The cage 40 includes a small-diameter annular portion 42 that slides with the small end surface 31 of the tapered roller 30, a large-diameter annular portion 44 that slides with the large end surface 32 of the tapered roller 30, and a column portion 46 that connects them. . The end portions of the small-diameter annular portion 42 and the large-diameter annular portion 44 are provided with bent portions 48 and 49 directed toward the inner diameter on the entire circumference thereof. Thus, by bending the end portion of the cage 40 toward the inner diameter, it is possible to prevent an increase in torque due to excessive oil flowing into the tapered roller bearing 1.

  The cage 40 can be formed by, for example, pressing or cutting. The cage 40 is not only formed as a whole, but also a small-diameter side bent portion 48, a large-diameter side bent portion 49, or a partition plate 51 is formed separately, and is welded to a predetermined portion of the cage 40. It may be fixed.

  The following effects can be obtained by providing a flange-shaped bent portion 49 facing the inner diameter at the end of the large-diameter annular portion 44 of the cage 40. That is, when the tapered roller bearing 1 shown in FIG. 1 is used in the vertical direction of the illustrated embodiment, even if the oil inside the bearing flows down by stopping for a long time, the annular oil reservoir 50 formed by the bent portion 49. The oil can be held in the lower part of (see FIG. 1 enlarged view). When the bearing 1 is started after being stopped for a long time, the oil held in the lower portion of the oil sump 50 moves upward as the retainer 40 rotates. For example, as shown by an arrow A in FIG. 3, the oil that has moved upward falls downward due to gravity and is supplied to the sliding portion P between the large end surface 32 of the tapered roller 30 and the large collar surface 24 of the inner ring 20. Lubricate the part. Alternatively, as indicated by an arrow B, it flows down through the column portion 46 of the cage 40 and is supplied to the tapered roller 30, and between the tapered roller 30 and the raceway surface 12 of the outer ring 10 or the raceway surface 22 of the inner ring 20. Lubricate.

  Thus, even when the bearing 1 starts after a long stop, the oil sump 50 formed by the bent portion 49 of the large-diameter annular portion 44 of the retainer 40 holds the oil, so that the sliding portion immediately after the rotation. Oil can be supplied to P and the like. As a result, the bearing 1 can be used, for example, in a drive device of a railway vehicle that travels in a cold region, and even if the bearing 1 is started immediately after it has been stopped for a long period of time, it is possible to avoid the possibility of poor lubrication in the bearing 1.

  The embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above. Hereinafter, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the following description, parts having the same configuration and function as those of the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.

  In the above embodiment, the extending direction of the bent portion 49 of the large-diameter annular portion 44 of the retainer 40 is approximately parallel to the radial direction of the bearing 1, but at the lower portion of the annular space formed by the bent portion 49. The shape of the bent portion 49 is not limited as long as it can receive oil. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the bent portion 49 may be bent shallower than the embodiment shown in FIG. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 5, the bent portion 49 may be bent deeper than the embodiment shown in FIG.

  Moreover, you may provide the some partition plate 51 in the circumferential direction equal interval position of the cyclic | annular oil sump 50 formed of the bending part 49 like the tapered roller bearing 1 shown in FIG.6 and FIG.7. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the partition plates 51 are provided at twelve circumferentially spaced intervals in the annular oil reservoir 50. Accordingly, for example, when the cage 40 rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow D in FIG. 7, the oil accumulated in the lower portion of the oil sump 50 (indicated by the dotted points in FIG. 7) can be delayed, Can be moved further upward, whereby oil can be reliably supplied to the sliding portion P or the like.

  Further, in the tapered roller bearing 1 shown in FIG. 8, the large-diameter annular portion 44 of the cage 40 is not provided with a bent portion, and an oil supply portion made of a porous solid lubricant is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the large-diameter annular portion 44. The configuration differs from the above embodiment in that 60 is attached. The oil supply unit 60 may be provided in, for example, an annular shape, or may be provided at a plurality of locations separated in the circumferential direction.

  Here, the porous solid lubricant is a solid lubricant obtained by foaming a resin component to make it porous, and filling the porous portion with the lubricant component. In the porous solid lubricant, the lubricating component filled in the porous portion gradually oozes out due to an external force applied during rotation of the bearing, a capillary phenomenon, or the like. Oil exuding from the porous solid lubricant is supplied to the outer peripheral surface of the tapered roller 30 via the contact portion between the large end surface 32 of the tapered roller 30 and the large collar surface 24 of the inner ring 20 or the column portion 46. Thus, the bearing 1 is lubricated.

  The amount of the lubricating component that exudes from the porous solid lubricant can be minimized by appropriately selecting the resin component material and adjusting the elasticity of the resin component. Therefore, the lubrication component does not flow more than necessary into the bearing, and leakage of the lubrication component to the outside of the bearing and an increase in rotational torque inside the bearing can be prevented.

  In addition, since the porous solid lubricant has a large surface area due to foaming, the excess lubricating component that has oozed out can be temporarily held in the foam bubbles again. Accordingly, since the amount of the lubricating component that exudes from the porous solid lubricant can be stabilized, the lubricating performance can be maintained over a long period of time.

  As a resin component constituting the porous solid lubricant, either or both of an elastomer and a plastomer can be adopted as an alloy or a copolymer component among resin (plastic) or rubber.

  In the case of rubber, various rubbers such as natural rubber, butadiene rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, chloroprene rubber, butyl rubber, nitrile rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, silicone rubber, urethane elastomer, fluorine rubber, and chlorosulfone rubber can be employed.

  In the case of plastics, polyurethane resin, polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, polystyrene resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, polyacetal resin, polyamide 4,6 resin (PA4,6), polyamide 6,6 resin (PA6,6), polyamide General-purpose plastics and engineering plastics such as 6T resin (PA6T) and polyamide 9T resin (PA9T) can be used.

  The resin component used for the porous solid lubricant is not limited to the above plastics, and urethane foams such as soft urethane foam, rigid urethane foam, and semi-rigid urethane foam can also be used.

  In addition, as a lubricating component used in the porous solid lubricant, any kind can be used as long as it does not dissolve the solid material forming the foam. For example, lubricating oil, grease, wax and the like can be used. You may use individually or in mixture.

  As lubricating oil, commonly used lubricating oils such as paraffinic and naphthenic mineral oils, ester synthetic oils, ether synthetic oils, hydrocarbon synthetic oils, GTL base oils, fluorine oils, silicone oils, etc. Or those mixed oils are mentioned.

  Examples of the grease thickener include soaps such as lithium soap, lithium complex soap, calcium soap, calcium complex soap, aluminum soap and aluminum complex soap, and urea compounds such as diurea compounds and polyurea compounds, but are particularly limited. Is not to be done.

  Examples of the urea thickener include, but are not limited to, diurea compounds and polyurea compounds.

  The diurea compound is obtained, for example, by reaction of diisocyanate and monoamine. Diisocyanates include phenylene diisocyanate, diphenyl diisocyanate, phenyl diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, octadecane diisocyanate, decane diisocyanate, hexane diisocyanate, and monoamines include octylamine, dodecylamine, hexadecylamine, octadecylamine, oleylamine, aniline, p-Toluidine, cyclohexylamine and the like can be mentioned.

  The polyurea compound can be obtained, for example, by reacting diisocyanate with a monoamine or diamine. Examples of the diisocyanate and monoamine include those similar to those used for the production of the diurea compound. Examples of the diamine include ethylenediamine, propanediamine, butanediamine, hexanediamine, octanediamine, phenylenediamine, tolylenediamine, and xylenediamine. Is mentioned. As the base oil of the grease, the same lubricant oil as described above can be used.

  The wax may be any of hydrocarbon-based synthetic wax, polyethylene wax, fatty acid ester-based wax, fatty acid amide-based wax, ketone / amines, hydrogenated oil, and the like. As the oil component used for these waxes, the same oil components as those described above can be used.

  Lubricating components as described above include solid lubricants such as molybdenum disulfide and graphite, friction modifiers such as organic molybdenum, oily agents such as amines, fatty acids, and fats, and antioxidants such as amines and phenols. Agents, rust inhibitors such as petroleum sulfonate, dinonyl naphthalene sulfonate, sorbitan ester, extreme pressure agents such as sulfur and sulfur-phosphorus, antiwear agents such as organic zinc and phosphorus, benzotriazole, sodium nitrite, etc. Various additives such as viscosity index improvers such as metal deactivators, polymethacrylates and polystyrenes may be included.

  As a means for foaming the resin component, a well-known foaming means may be employed. For example, a physical method for heating and vaporizing an organic solvent having a relatively low boiling point such as water, acetone, hexane, etc. A mechanical foaming method that blows active gas from the outside, such as azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) or azodicarbonimide (ADCA), which uses a decomposable foaming agent that decomposes by temperature or light and generates nitrogen gas, etc. And the like. Moreover, when it has a highly reactive isocyanate group as a raw material, you may use the chemical foaming by the carbon dioxide produced by the chemical reaction with it and a water molecule.

  In order to use foaming accompanied by such a reaction, it is desirable to use a catalyst as necessary. For example, a tertiary amine catalyst or an organometallic catalyst is used.

  Examples of the tertiary amine catalyst include monoamines, diamines, triamines, cyclic amines, alcohol amines, ether amines, imidazole derivatives, and acid block amine catalysts.

  In addition, as organometallic catalysts, stanaoctate, dibutyltin diacetate, dibutyltin dilaurate, dibutyltin marker peptide, dibutyltin thiocarboxylate, dibutyltin maleate, dioctyltin dimarkaptide, dioctyltin thiocarboxylate, lead octenoate, etc. Is mentioned. Moreover, you may mix and use these multiple types for the purpose of adjusting the balance of reaction.

  In addition, as a method of filling the porous portion of the resin component with the lubricant, a method of filling the resin material after solidification (post-impregnation), or a method of foaming and solidifying the resin material while immersed in the lubricant (foaming) Impregnation) and the like. Among these, the foam impregnation can highly fill the inside of the resin component with lubricating oil.

  The porous solid lubricant may be molded by pouring into a mold, or after solidifying under normal pressure, it can be post-processed into a desired shape by cutting or grinding. In this way, the porous solid lubricant is formed into an annular shape and attached to the inner peripheral surface of the large-diameter annular portion 44 of the cage 40 as the oil supply portion 60. At this time, the filling of the porous solid lubricant with the lubricant may be performed before being attached to the cage 40 or after being attached to the cage 40.

  The oil supply part 60 made of a porous solid lubricant as described above may be provided in an annular space formed inside the bent part 49 as shown in FIGS. For example, when the bent portion 49 is bent deeper than the radial direction of the bearing 1 as shown in FIG. 5, the oil supply portion 60 can be easily disposed in the annular space. That is, as shown in FIG. 9, an oil supply unit 60 made of a porous solid lubricant is formed by injecting molten resin 61 into an annular space and foaming in a state where the retainer 40 is placed on a table 70. Can be formed and fixed simultaneously.

  In the above embodiment, the case where the tapered roller bearing 1 of the present invention is used in a drive device for a railway vehicle has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this and can be applied to other applications.

It is sectional drawing of the tapered roller bearing which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing of a tapered roller bearing. It is an expanded sectional view of a tapered roller bearing. It is an expanded sectional view of the tapered roller bearing of other embodiments. It is an expanded sectional view of the tapered roller bearing of other embodiments. It is an expanded sectional view of the tapered roller bearing of other embodiments. It is the front view which looked at the retainer of the tapered roller bearing of FIG. 6 from C direction. It is an expanded sectional view of the tapered roller bearing of other embodiments. It is sectional drawing which shows the arrangement | positioning method of a porous solid lubricant. It is a side view explaining the drive system of a railway vehicle.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Tapered roller bearing 10 Outer ring 12 Race surface 20 Inner ring 22 Race surface 24 Large collar surface 30 Tapered roller 31 Small end surface 32 Large end surface 40 Cage 42 Small diameter annular portion 44 Large diameter annular portion 46 Column portion 49 Bending portion 50 Oil sump (oil Supply department)
P Sliding part

Claims (5)

An outer ring having a raceway surface on the inner periphery, an inner ring having a raceway surface on the outer periphery, a plurality of tapered rollers interposed between the raceway surface of the inner ring and the raceway surface of the outer ring, and a small end surface of the tapered roller In a tapered roller bearing comprising a small-diameter annular portion that slides and a large-diameter annular portion that slides with a large end surface of the tapered roller, and a cage that holds the tapered rollers at circumferentially equidistant positions,
A tapered roller bearing characterized in that an oil supply part is provided in the large-diameter annular part of the cage.   2. The tapered roller bearing according to claim 1, wherein a bent portion directed toward the inner diameter is provided at an end of the large-diameter annular portion of the cage, and an annular oil reservoir formed inside the bent portion is used as an oil supply portion.   The tapered roller bearing according to claim 2, wherein partition plates are provided at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction of the annular oil reservoir.   The tapered roller bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an oil supply portion made of a porous solid lubricant is disposed on the large-diameter annular portion of the cage.   A drive device for a railway vehicle incorporating the tapered roller bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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