JP2008240184A - Method for producing cloth - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cloth constituted with a nano fiber, having a fine wooly feeling and soft touch feeling, and rich in esthetic property. <P>SOLUTION: This method for producing the cloth consisting of the nano fibers is characterized by spinning a polymer alloy fiber consisting of thermoplastic polymers of which at least one component consists of a polyamide component, dissolving and removing the components other than the polyamide component after forming the cloth to make nanofibers having 10 to 200 nm number-average single fiber diameter, then treating the fabric with a polyamide-swelling agent. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for producing a fabric using nanofibers.

  In the past, fabrics and knitted fabrics used for clothing and bedding have become popular because of the diversification of fashion, with a texture that has a fine hair feel and a bulge. ing. As a method for producing this material having a feeling of fine hair, a method in which yarns having different heat shrinkage rates are mixed, a yarn on one side is shrunk by heat treatment after weaving, and the fabric is fluffed by raising or sanding. Is usually done well. Further, in order to pursue a fine hair feeling, the yarn that floats on the surface of the blended yarn can be one having a fine fiber of 1 to 0.2 decitex grade microfiber, or 0.1 to 0.1 A super-fine yarn of 0.02 decitex sea-island fiber is used to give a fine hair feeling. In addition, polyester-nylon split ultrafine composite yarn is treated with a nylon swelling agent, split into ultrafine polyester and nylon, and the nylon is shrunk to obtain a fibrillated composite fiber that has the same effect as mixed yarn A method is also disclosed in JP-A-63-6130.

However, even if blended yarn or split filament yarn is used, sufficient fine hair feel is not obtained, and the fabric becomes thicker, and the different shades of single yarn fineness are mixed, so the shade of color called irritability is on the surface It was not satisfactory enough to appear in aesthetics.
JP 63-6130 A

  The present invention is intended to solve the above-described problem, and provides a method for producing a fabric having a dry, fine hairy touch, and having a very compact and compact feeling of tension and waist. The purpose is to do.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following configuration.

  (1) Nanofibers having a number average single fiber diameter of 10 to 200 nm by spinning a polymer alloy fiber made of a thermoplastic polymer of which at least one component is polyamide, and then dissolving and removing components other than the polyamide component after forming the fabric. A method for producing a fabric, characterized in that the fabric is then treated with a polyamide swelling agent.

  (2) The method for producing a fabric according to the above (1), wherein the thermoplastic polymer comprises polylactic acid and polyamide.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a fabric having a dry and fine raised feeling and having a soft texture, and can be developed into a textile product having high added value.

The nanofiber as used in the field of this invention means the fiber whose number average single fiber diameter is 10-200 nm.
The single fiber fineness is 1/100 to 1/100000 compared to the conventional ultra-fine yarn, and when the swell is imparted to the yarn due to the small single fiber diameter, an unprecedented fine hair feeling is imparted. It is something that can be done.

  The total fineness of the fibers as such nanofibers is preferably 10 to 600 dtex from the viewpoint of texture. Those having less than 10 dtex tend to have low fabric strength, and those having more than 600 dtex are too thick to be used for clothing, bedding, and interior use.

  About 30% by weight or more of the thermoplastic polymer constituting the nanofiber is preferably polyamide from the viewpoints of spinnability, strength, Young's modulus and a soft texture, and polyamide swelling agent effect. If it is less than 30% by weight, the content of nanofibers is lowered, and the effects of the present invention are hardly produced, and the strength is lowered.

  In addition, the dissolution / removal rate of components other than the polyamide component constituting the nanofiber may be appropriately selected within a range of 50 to 100%, more preferably 70 in consideration of the shrinkage rate and the feeling of swelling with the polyamide swelling agent. It is preferable to elute and remove -100%, more preferably 90-100%.

  Next, the fabric using such nanofibers refers to a fabric having a form such as a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, or a nonwoven fabric. In order to maximize the effects of the present invention, a woven fabric having a smooth surface is particularly preferable. Further, as the fabric structure, plain weave, satin weave and twill weave are particularly preferable.

  The nanofibers constituting the fabric can be used for interweaving with other fibers, arrangement, blended yarns, etc., and the mixing ratio is preferably at least 30% by weight or more in the fabric from the touch and texture effects. Furthermore, it is preferable to contain 60% or more. When the nanofiber is less than 30%, a touch with a fine fluff feeling on the surface cannot be obtained, and the texture may become hard.

  In the production method of the present invention, first, a polymer alloy fiber composed of two or more thermoplastic polymers, at least one of which is polyamide, is spun and produced. The polymer that finally becomes a nanofiber requires properties of spinnability (heat resistance), yarn strength, and dissolution resistance (hard solubility), but it must be a polyamide that swells with a swelling agent. As other components used together with nanofibers, polymers that can be spun simultaneously with nanofibers and easily dissolved and removed with a solvent after making into a fabric are used, such as polylactic acid, copolyester, polyvinyl alcohol, etc. Is preferred. Examples of preferred combinations and solvents of nanofibers and these dissolved polymers are shown in the order of nanofiber / dissolved polymer (solvent), polyamide / polylactic acid (thermal alkali solution), polyamide / aromatic polyester (thermal alkali solution). ), Polyamide / copolyester (thermal alkali solution), and the like.

  Of these, the combination of polyamide / polylactic acid (hot alkaline solution) is most preferable because it has good spinnability due to the close melting point between the polymers, and excellent dissolution and removal properties in the fabric. . Examples of polyamide components that become nanofibers include nylon-6, 66, 4, 7, 8, 10, 12, polymetaxylene adipamide, polyparaxylene decanamide, and copolymers containing these as components. Depending on the difference in crystallinity, sufficient shrinkage may not be obtained by such shrinkage treatment, and nylon-6 or nylon-66 is particularly preferred.

  Next, by using nanoalloy fibers in which such multicomponents are appropriately mixed, unnecessary components are dissolved and removed in a processing step after forming the fabric, and a nanofiber fabric having a single fiber diameter of 10 to 200 nm based on the number average of the thermoplastic polymer is obtained. To do.

  Next, a swelling treatment is performed with a polyamide swelling agent. Examples of polyamide swelling agents include benzyl alcohol, β-phenylethyl alcohol, phenol, m-cresol, formic acid, acetic acid and the like, and it is preferably used as an aqueous solution or an aqueous emulsion. Among these, the method using an aqueous emulsion of benzyl alcohol is preferable from the viewpoint of shrinkability of the fabric because it is relatively easy to handle.

  The treatment concentration of the swelling agent is preferably 2 to 15% from the balance of densification and texture, and the treatment concentration is adjusted according to the ratio and fineness of the polyamide fibers contained in the fabric.

  The treatment temperature is preferably 80 ° C. to 120 ° C. This treatment can shrink the polyamide fibers and densify the fabric. When the shrinkage treatment temperature is less than 80 ° C., it is difficult to densify, and when the temperature exceeds 120 ° C., the texture becomes too hard and it may be difficult to use as clothing.

  As the treatment method, liquid flow treatment or continuous padding / spreading treatment can be applied. However, as a method capable of causing large shrinkage and densification, liquid flow treatment using a batch type liquid dyeing machine is preferable.

  Next, in the dyeing step, the dyeing temperature is preferably 80 ° C to 130 ° C. When the temperature is less than 80 ° C., it is difficult to obtain a sufficient color, and when the temperature exceeds 130 ° C., the polyamide fiber is hydrolyzed and the strength may be lowered or the texture may be cured. In the case of plain dyeing, the dyeing method is preferably dyed with a disperse dye and an acid dye by a liquid dyeing machine. In the case of printing, a saturated steam HP steamer is preferably used for the steaming after printing in order to improve the dyeing property.

  The fabric of the present invention is preferable because the effects of the present invention can be maximized when used for women's clothing, men's clothing, and sports clothing. Specifically, women's clothing is suitably used for blouses, dresses, coats, half coats, pants, etc. Men's clothing is casual shirts, rider suits, slacks, etc., and sports clothing is suitably used for blousons, hoodies, jumpers, shirts, and the like.

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples. In addition, the measuring method and the evaluation method in an Example used the following methods.
Example 1
1. Polymer alloy fiber spinning Melt viscosity 250 Pa · s (262 ° C., shear rate 121.6 sec ⁻¹ ), Melting point 220 ° C. nylon-6 (40 wt%), Melt viscosity 250 Pa · s (262 ° C., shear rate 121.6 sec) ^-1 ) A polyalloy chip having a melting point of 220 ° C. (60% by weight) was kneaded at 260 ° C. with a biaxial extrusion kneader to obtain a polymer alloy chip. This polymer alloy was melted at a melting portion of 275 ° C., and spun at a spinning temperature of 280 ° C. using a 17-hole die and wound at 900 m / min. Then, the temperature of the first hot roller is set to 90 ° C., the temperature of the second hot roller is set to 130 ° C., and the drawing heat treatment is performed so that the draw ratio becomes 3.2 times. 56 dtex, 17 filament, strength 4.3 cN / dtex A polymer alloy fiber having excellent properties of 37% elongation and 2.5% U% was obtained.

2. Fabrication of polymer alloy fibers Using such polymer alloy fibers 56 dtex, 17 filaments for warp and weft, weaving into a plain weave structure having a width of 166 cm, a warp density of 180 yarns / 吋, and a weft density of 110 yarns / 吋.

3. Fabric Processing The resulting raw machine was scoured with “Softer” (manufactured by Nissen Co., Ltd.), a continuous scourer for spreading at 95 ° C. for 2 minutes (scouring bath: 0.2% soda ash, surfactant: 0.1%) ). Subsequently, it was dried with a dryer “SSD dryer” (manufactured by Nissen Co., Ltd.) at 130 ° C. for 3 minutes according to a conventional method.

  Next, the polylactic acid component was dissolved and removed with a liquid dyeing machine using a 1.5% caustic soda solution at 95 ° C. × 30 minutes. Thereafter, it was dried, and it was confirmed that the polylactic acid component was completely dissolved and removed (weight reduction rate of the dough: 60.0%).

  Subsequently, using a flow dyeing machine, a liquid flow treatment was performed with a 9% benzyl alcohol solution at 100 ° C. for 20 minutes. The obtained fabric was dry-heat set at 160 ° C. using a pin tenter without tension in the width direction and the length direction.

  Next, using the above-described liquid dyeing machine, the dyed product was dyed with a blue metal-containing acid dye so that the L value of the dyed product was 51%, washed at 100 ° C. for 60 minutes, washed in a conventional manner, and dried.

  Then, according to a conventional method, the finish setting was performed with a pin tenter at 150 ° C. × 40 seconds to finish. The finished width was 127 cm, the warp density was 228 / 2.54 cm, and the weft density was 126 / 2.54 cm.

  The total fineness of the nanofibers made of nylon-6 in the treated woven fabric was 22.4 dtex. The single fiber diameter based on the number average of single fibers was at the 100 nm level. The single fiber diameter based on the number average of the nanofibers was measured by the following method.

An ultrathin section of the obtained fabric was cut out, and a cross-sectional photograph of the fabric was taken with a transmission electron microscope (TEM, H-7100FA type manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.). Subsequently, using the obtained photograph, the diameter in the section of 300 single fibers extracted at random was measured by image processing software (WinROOF). Similarly, five other ultra-thin section photographs of the fabric were taken, each of which measured the diameter at the cross section of 300 single fibers to obtain a total of 1500 single fiber diameters, and the average value was calculated as the number average single fiber diameter. did. When contrast was low, metal staining was performed with phosphotungstic acid.
4). Evaluation of Fabric As a result of sensory evaluation of the texture of the finished product, the fabric was very good with a fine hair feeling and a soft texture. The surface of the fabric having the fine hair feeling of Example 1 taken with a scanning microscope is shown in FIG. 1 (magnification 200 times) and FIG. 2 (magnification 1000 times).
Comparative Example 1
A nanofiber fabric was dyed and finished according to Example 1 except that it was not swollen. As a result of the same sensory evaluation as in Example 1, the surface had no fine hair feeling and the texture was slightly hard.

  Images of the surface of the fabric of Comparative Example 1 taken using a scanning microscope are shown in FIG. 3 (magnification: 200 times) and FIG. 4 (magnification: 1000).

  As is apparent from FIGS. 1 to 4, the woven fabric obtained by Example 1 is completely different from the woven fabric obtained by Comparative Example 1 because the constituting single yarn contracts and swells.

It is the textile surface photograph (enlarged 200 times) of the textile fabric obtained by Example 1 of this invention by the scanning microscope. It is a fabric surface photograph (enlarged 1000 times) photograph of the fabric obtained by Example 1 of the present invention by a scanning microscope. 2 is a fabric surface photograph (enlarged 200 times) of the fabric obtained in Comparative Example 1 with a scanning microscope. 4 is a fabric surface photograph (enlarged 1000 times) of a fabric obtained by Comparative Example 2 using a scanning microscope.

Claims (2)

A polymer alloy fiber made of a thermoplastic polymer, at least one component of which is a polyamide, is formed, and then components other than the polyamide component are dissolved and removed after forming the fabric to form nanofibers having a single fiber diameter of 10 to 200 nm by number average. Thereafter, the fabric is treated with a polyamide swelling agent. The method for producing a fabric according to claim 1, wherein the thermoplastic polymer comprises polylactic acid and polyamide.