JP2008239435A - Silica-based hollow particle dispersion material and method for producing the same, and silica-based hollow particle - Google Patents
Silica-based hollow particle dispersion material and method for producing the same, and silica-based hollow particle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2008239435A JP2008239435A JP2007084465A JP2007084465A JP2008239435A JP 2008239435 A JP2008239435 A JP 2008239435A JP 2007084465 A JP2007084465 A JP 2007084465A JP 2007084465 A JP2007084465 A JP 2007084465A JP 2008239435 A JP2008239435 A JP 2008239435A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- silica
- organic solvent
- based hollow
- hollow particle
- calcium carbonate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 242
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title abstract 5
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- DEVSOMFAQLZNKR-RJRFIUFISA-N (z)-3-[3-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-n'-pyrazin-2-ylprop-2-enehydrazide Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC(C(F)(F)F)=CC(C2=NN(\C=C/C(=O)NNC=3N=CC=NC=3)C=N2)=C1 DEVSOMFAQLZNKR-RJRFIUFISA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 29
- -1 ethylphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 16
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 9
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 229940125782 compound 2 Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 150000007514 bases Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229940125904 compound 1 Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 6
- WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].C[N+](C)(C)C WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- BLFRQYKZFKYQLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminobutan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCCCO BLFRQYKZFKYQLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- WUGQZFFCHPXWKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanolamine Chemical compound NCCCO WUGQZFFCHPXWKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000011437 continuous method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 5
- XMYQHJDBLRZMLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanolamine Chemical compound NCO XMYQHJDBLRZMLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229940087646 methanolamine Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000005372 silanol group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- VDZOOKBUILJEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC VDZOOKBUILJEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 125000000022 2-aminoethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])N([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Caprylic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004202 aminomethyl group Chemical group [H]N([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940126214 compound 3 Drugs 0.000 description 3
- BFXIKLCIZHOAAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyltrimethoxysilane Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(OC)OC BFXIKLCIZHOAAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940073455 tetraethylammonium hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 3
- LRGJRHZIDJQFCL-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylazanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC LRGJRHZIDJQFCL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- LPSKDVINWQNWFE-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrapropylazanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCC[N+](CCC)(CCC)CCC LPSKDVINWQNWFE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CPUDPFPXCZDNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(methyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(OCC)OCC CPUDPFPXCZDNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ALYNCZNDIQEVRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminobenzoic acid Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 ALYNCZNDIQEVRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylamine Chemical compound CCN QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKIZCWYLBDKLSU-UHFFFAOYSA-M N,N,N-Trimethylmethanaminium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)C OKIZCWYLBDKLSU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperazine Chemical compound C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperidine Chemical compound C1CCNCC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005456 alcohol based solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-ethylcaproic acid Natural products CCCCC(CC)C(O)=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006117 anti-reflective coating Substances 0.000 description 2
- YZXBAPSDXZZRGB-DOFZRALJSA-N arachidonic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCC(O)=O YZXBAPSDXZZRGB-DOFZRALJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JXTHNDFMNIQAHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(Cl)Cl JXTHNDFMNIQAHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZMAPKOCENOWQRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethoxy(diethyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](CC)(CC)OCC ZMAPKOCENOWQRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZZNQQQWFKKTOSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethoxy(diphenyl)silane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1[Si](OCC)(OCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZZNQQQWFKKTOSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VSYLGGHSEIWGJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl(dimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CC[Si](CC)(OC)OC VSYLGGHSEIWGJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JJQZDUKDJDQPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxy(dimethyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(C)OC JJQZDUKDJDQPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AHUXYBVKTIBBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxy(diphenyl)silane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1[Si](OC)(OC)C1=CC=CC=C1 AHUXYBVKTIBBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YYLGKUPAFFKGRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyldiethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(C)OCC YYLGKUPAFFKGRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- SBRXLTRZCJVAPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CC[Si](OC)(OC)OC SBRXLTRZCJVAPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- SHFJWMWCIHQNCP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydron;tetrabutylazanium;sulfate Chemical compound OS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC SHFJWMWCIHQNCP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000010335 hydrothermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- RJMRIDVWCWSWFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl(tripropoxy)silane Chemical compound CCCO[Si](C)(OCCC)OCCC RJMRIDVWCWSWFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HLXDKGBELJJMHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl-tri(propan-2-yloxy)silane Chemical compound CC(C)O[Si](C)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C HLXDKGBELJJMHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NQMRYBIKMRVZLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylamine hydrochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[NH3+]C NQMRYBIKMRVZLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-hexanoic acid Natural products CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FBUKVWPVBMHYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(O)=O FBUKVWPVBMHYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)OC LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DDFYFBUWEBINLX-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylammonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].C[N+](C)(C)C DDFYFBUWEBINLX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- BGQMOFGZRJUORO-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrapropylammonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCC[N+](CCC)(CCC)CCC BGQMOFGZRJUORO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FBEVECUEMUUFKM-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrapropylazanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCC[N+](CCC)(CCC)CCC FBEVECUEMUUFKM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DENFJSAFJTVPJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(ethyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](CC)(OCC)OCC DENFJSAFJTVPJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZNOCGWVLWPVKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(phenyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZNOCGWVLWPVKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M (2r)-2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound CCCC[C@@H](CC)C([O-])=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N (9Z,12Z)-9,10,12,13-tetratritiooctadeca-9,12-dienoic acid Chemical compound C(CCCCCCC\C(=C(/C\C(=C(/CCCCC)\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])(=O)O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQZAQBGJENJMHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dibromo-5-methoxybenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC(Br)=CC(Br)=C1 OQZAQBGJENJMHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYSCBCSGKXNZRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzothiophene-2-carboxamide Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(C(=O)N)=CC2=C1 GYSCBCSGKXNZRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOCCCC DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PPNCOQHHSGMKGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-cyclononyldiazonane Chemical compound C1CCCCCCCC1N1NCCCCCCC1 PPNCOQHHSGMKGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTBFRGCFXZNCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylsulfonylpiperidin-4-one Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)N1CCC(=O)CC1 RTBFRGCFXZNCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FJAOJVGLIUIDIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4-aminobutylamino)ethanol Chemical compound NCCCCNCCO FJAOJVGLIUIDIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NWTYCFFQLWYXHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(aminomethylamino)ethanol Chemical compound NCNCCO NWTYCFFQLWYXHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LJDSTRZHPWMDPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(butylamino)ethanol Chemical compound CCCCNCCO LJDSTRZHPWMDPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- UQMOLLPKNHFRAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutyl silicate Chemical compound CCCCO[Si](OCCCC)(OCCCC)OCCCC UQMOLLPKNHFRAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRMUNVKIHCOMHV-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC JRMUNVKIHCOMHV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NHGXDBSUJJNIRV-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC NHGXDBSUJJNIRV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WRNABFFKQDPPOM-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetradodecylazanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](CCCCCCCCCCCC)(CCCCCCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCCCCCC WRNABFFKQDPPOM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HWCKGOZZJDHMNC-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylammonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC HWCKGOZZJDHMNC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YMBCJWGVCUEGHA-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC YMBCJWGVCUEGHA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FNSGKPBAZVBJRX-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraheptylazanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCCCCCC[N+](CCCCCCC)(CCCCCCC)CCCCCCC FNSGKPBAZVBJRX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZYSDERHSJJEJDS-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrakis-decylazanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCCCCCCCCC[N+](CCCCCCCCCC)(CCCCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCCCC ZYSDERHSJJEJDS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DCFYRBLFVWYBIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraoctylazanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCCCCCCC[N+](CCCCCCCC)(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC DCFYRBLFVWYBIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JVOPCCBEQRRLOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrapentylazanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCCCC[N+](CCCCC)(CCCCC)CCCCC JVOPCCBEQRRLOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ADLSSRLDGACTEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphenyl silicate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1O[Si](OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 ADLSSRLDGACTEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZUEKXCXHTXJYAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapropan-2-yl silicate Chemical compound CC(C)O[Si](OC(C)C)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C ZUEKXCXHTXJYAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQZCOBSUOFHDEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapropyl silicate Chemical compound CCCO[Si](OCCC)(OCCC)OCCC ZQZCOBSUOFHDEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- SGHZCASSRKVVCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tri(butan-2-yloxy)-ethylsilane Chemical compound CCC(C)O[Si](CC)(OC(C)CC)OC(C)CC SGHZCASSRKVVCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RJNDDRZGJNVASH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tri(butan-2-yloxy)-methylsilane Chemical compound CCC(C)O[Si](C)(OC(C)CC)OC(C)CC RJNDDRZGJNVASH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PCDRXIBYKFIRQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tri(butan-2-yloxy)-phenylsilane Chemical compound CCC(C)O[Si](OC(C)CC)(OC(C)CC)C1=CC=CC=C1 PCDRXIBYKFIRQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSQGFMKPTBYFTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tri(butan-2-yloxy)-propan-2-ylsilane Chemical compound CCC(C)O[Si](OC(C)CC)(OC(C)CC)C(C)C QSQGFMKPTBYFTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZARIZDBUWOPYMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tri(butan-2-yloxy)-propylsilane Chemical compound CCC(C)O[Si](CCC)(OC(C)CC)OC(C)CC ZARIZDBUWOPYMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JKJUOACCVYNCDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tri(butan-2-yloxy)-tert-butylsilane Chemical compound CCC(C)O[Si](OC(C)CC)(OC(C)CC)C(C)(C)C JKJUOACCVYNCDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DEKZKCDJQLBBRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributoxy(butyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCO[Si](CCCC)(OCCCC)OCCCC DEKZKCDJQLBBRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GIHPVQDFBJMUAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributoxy(ethyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCO[Si](CC)(OCCCC)OCCCC GIHPVQDFBJMUAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYZQBXUDWTVJDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributoxy(methyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCO[Si](C)(OCCCC)OCCCC GYZQBXUDWTVJDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- INUOIYMEJLOQFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributoxy(phenyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCO[Si](OCCCC)(OCCCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 INUOIYMEJLOQFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LEZQEMOONYYJBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributoxy(propan-2-yl)silane Chemical compound CCCCO[Si](OCCCC)(OCCCC)C(C)C LEZQEMOONYYJBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WAAWAIHPWOJHJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributoxy(propyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCO[Si](CCC)(OCCCC)OCCCC WAAWAIHPWOJHJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MVXBTESZGSNIIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributoxy(tert-butyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCO[Si](OCCCC)(OCCCC)C(C)(C)C MVXBTESZGSNIIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DHAWHVVWUNNONG-UHFFFAOYSA-M tributyl(methyl)azanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCC[N+](C)(CCCC)CCCC DHAWHVVWUNNONG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JCVQKRGIASEUKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(phenyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 JCVQKRGIASEUKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJDLPDPRMYAOCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(propan-2-yl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C(C)C BJDLPDPRMYAOCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBXZNTLFQLUFES-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(propyl)silane Chemical compound CCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC NBXZNTLFQLUFES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LGROXJWYRXANBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(propan-2-yl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C(C)C LGROXJWYRXANBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HQYALQRYBUJWDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(propyl)silane Chemical compound CCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC HQYALQRYBUJWDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FZGRTEYZSVFFSE-UHFFFAOYSA-L trimethyl(octadecyl)azanium dibromide Chemical compound [Br-].C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)[N+](C)(C)C.[Br-].C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)[N+](C)(C)C FZGRTEYZSVFFSE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FLXZVVQJJIGXRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl(octadecyl)azanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C FLXZVVQJJIGXRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- IXJNGXCZSCHDFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenoxy(phenyl)silane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1O[Si](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 IXJNGXCZSCHDFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FNNJGIKXHZZGCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenoxy(propan-2-yl)silane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1O[Si](OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(C(C)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1 FNNJGIKXHZZGCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AMUIJRKZTXWCEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenoxy(propyl)silane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1O[Si](OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(CCC)OC1=CC=CC=C1 AMUIJRKZTXWCEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VUWVDNLZJXLQPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropoxy(propyl)silane Chemical compound CCCO[Si](CCC)(OCCC)OCCC VUWVDNLZJXLQPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylamine Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)CCC YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KGOOITCIBGXHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-phenylsilane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O[Si](OC(C)(C)C)(OC(C)(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 KGOOITCIBGXHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MJIHPVLPZKWFBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-propan-2-ylsilane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O[Si](C(C)C)(OC(C)(C)C)OC(C)(C)C MJIHPVLPZKWFBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DIZPPYBTFPZSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-propylsilane Chemical compound CCC[Si](OC(C)(C)C)(OC(C)(C)C)OC(C)(C)C DIZPPYBTFPZSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Silicon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、シリカ系中空粒子分散体およびその製造方法、ならびにシリカ系中空粒子に関する。 The present invention relates to a silica-based hollow particle dispersion, a method for producing the same, and a silica-based hollow particle.
近年、医薬や化粧品、光学分野で使用可能な機能性中空粒子の開発が行われている。機能性中空粒子としては、例えば、シリカ系被覆層を有する中空粒子が挙げられる。 In recent years, functional hollow particles that can be used in the fields of medicine, cosmetics, and optics have been developed. Examples of the functional hollow particles include hollow particles having a silica-based coating layer.
ところで、シリカ系被覆層を有する中空粒子は屈折率が低く、各種表示装置において反射防止膜中に配合して用いられる。反射防止膜を塗工するためには通常疎水性の溶媒が使われており、反射防止膜の塗工性向上の点で、有機溶媒中での分散性が良好であるシリカ系中空粒子分散体が求められている。
本発明の目的は、有機溶媒中での分散性に優れたシリカ系中空粒子分散体およびその製造方法、ならびにシリカ系中空粒子を提供することにある。 The objective of this invention is providing the silica type hollow particle dispersion excellent in the dispersibility in an organic solvent, its manufacturing method, and a silica type hollow particle.
本発明の一態様に係るシリカ系中空粒子分散体の製造方法は、下記工程(a)〜(d)を含む。
(a)炭酸カルシウム粒子および第1の有機溶媒を含有する分散体中で、下記一般式(1)で表される少なくとも1種の化合物及び下記一般式(2)で表される少なくとも1種の化合物を加水分解縮合して、前記炭酸カルシウム粒子を被覆するシリカ系被覆層を形成する工程、
(b)前記シリカ系被覆層が形成された炭酸カルシウム粒子から炭酸カルシウムの一部または全部を除去する工程、
(c)前記シリカ系被覆層を緻密化してシリカ系中空粒子を得る工程、および
(d)前記第1の有機溶媒を第2の有機溶媒に置換する工程
Si(OR1)4 ・・・・・(1)
(式中、R1は1価の有機基を示す。)
R2Si(OR3)4−d ・・・・・(2)
(式中、R2、R3は独立して1価の有機基を表し、dは1〜3の整数を示す。)
The method for producing a silica-based hollow particle dispersion according to one embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps (a) to (d).
(A) In a dispersion containing calcium carbonate particles and a first organic solvent, at least one compound represented by the following general formula (1) and at least one compound represented by the following general formula (2) A step of hydrolyzing and condensing the compound to form a silica-based coating layer covering the calcium carbonate particles;
(B) removing part or all of calcium carbonate from the calcium carbonate particles on which the silica-based coating layer is formed;
(C) a step of densifying the silica-based coating layer to obtain silica-based hollow particles; and (d) a step of replacing the first organic solvent with a second organic solvent. Si (OR 1 ) 4 ...・ (1)
(In the formula, R 1 represents a monovalent organic group.)
R 2 Si (OR 3 ) 4-d (2)
(In the formula, R 2 and R 3 independently represent a monovalent organic group, and d represents an integer of 1 to 3. )
上記シリカ系中空粒子分散体の製造方法において、前記工程(a)において、上記一般式(1)で表される少なくとも1種の化合物70〜99.9モル%および上記一般式(2)で表される少なくとも1種の化合物0.1〜30モル%を使用することができる。 In the method for producing a silica-based hollow particle dispersion, in the step (a), at least one compound represented by the general formula (1) 70 to 99.9 mol% and the general formula (2) 0.1 to 30 mol% of at least one compound can be used.
上記シリカ系中空粒子分散体の製造方法において、前記第1の有機溶媒は親水性有機溶媒であることができる。 In the method for producing a silica-based hollow particle dispersion, the first organic solvent may be a hydrophilic organic solvent.
上記シリカ系中空粒子分散体の製造方法において、前記第2の有機溶媒は疎水性有機溶媒であることができる。 In the method for producing a silica-based hollow particle dispersion, the second organic solvent may be a hydrophobic organic solvent.
上記シリカ系中空粒子分散体の製造方法において、前記工程(d)は、限外濾過膜を用いて前記工程(a)〜(c)で得られた分散体を濾過することにより行われることができる。 In the method for producing a silica-based hollow particle dispersion, the step (d) may be performed by filtering the dispersion obtained in the steps (a) to (c) using an ultrafiltration membrane. it can.
また、本発明の一態様に係るシリカ系中空粒子は、下記一般式(1)で表される少なくとも1種の化合物及び下記一般式(2)で表される少なくとも1種の化合物を加水分解縮合して得られた外殻層を有する。
Si(OR1)4 ・・・・・(1)
(式中、R1は1価の有機基を示す。)
R2Si(OR3)4−d ・・・・・(2)
Further, the silica-based hollow particles according to one embodiment of the present invention hydrolyze and condense at least one compound represented by the following general formula (1) and at least one compound represented by the following general formula (2). It has an outer shell layer obtained as described above.
Si (OR 1 ) 4 (1)
(In the formula, R 1 represents a monovalent organic group.)
R 2 Si (OR 3 ) 4-d (2)
また、本発明の一態様に係るシリカ系中空粒子分散体は、上記シリカ系中空粒子と、有機溶媒とを含有する。 The silica-based hollow particle dispersion according to one embodiment of the present invention contains the silica-based hollow particles and an organic solvent.
上記シリカ系中空粒子分散体の製造方法によれば、上記一般式(1)で表される少なくとも1種の化合物及び上記一般式(2)で表される少なくとも1種の化合物を加水分解縮合して、前記炭酸カルシウム粒子を被覆するシリカ系被覆層を形成し、該シリカ系被覆層が形成された炭酸カルシウム粒子から炭酸カルシウムの一部または全部を除去し、除去した炭酸カルシウムを系外へ放出し、該シリカ系被覆層を緻密化してシリカ系中空粒子を得、前記第1の有機溶媒を第2の有機溶媒に置換することにより、有機溶媒(第2の有機溶媒)中の分散性に優れたシリカ系中空粒子分散体を得ることができる。上記製造方法により得られたシリカ系中空粒子分散体は例えば、反射防止膜等の用途に好適である。 According to the method for producing a silica-based hollow particle dispersion, at least one compound represented by the general formula (1) and at least one compound represented by the general formula (2) are hydrolyzed and condensed. Forming a silica-based coating layer covering the calcium carbonate particles, removing part or all of the calcium carbonate from the calcium carbonate particles on which the silica-based coating layer is formed, and releasing the removed calcium carbonate to the outside of the system Then, the silica-based coating layer is densified to obtain silica-based hollow particles, and the first organic solvent is replaced with the second organic solvent, thereby dispersibility in the organic solvent (second organic solvent). An excellent silica-based hollow particle dispersion can be obtained. The silica-based hollow particle dispersion obtained by the above production method is suitable for applications such as an antireflection film.
以下、本発明の一実施形態に係るシリカ系中空粒子分散体およびその製造方法、ならびにシリカ系中空粒子について具体的に説明する。 Hereinafter, a silica-based hollow particle dispersion according to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for producing the same, and a silica-based hollow particle will be specifically described.
1.シリカ系中空粒子分散体の製造方法
本発明の一実施形態に係るシリカ系中空粒子分散体の製造方法は、下記工程(a)〜(d)を含む。
1. Method for Producing Silica-Based Hollow Particle Dispersion A method for producing a silica-based hollow particle dispersion according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps (a) to (d).
(a)炭酸カルシウム粒子および第1の有機溶媒を含有する分散体(第1の分散体)中で、下記一般式(1)で表される少なくとも1種の化合物及び下記一般式(2)で表される少なくとも1種の化合物を加水分解縮合して、前記炭酸カルシウム粒子を被覆するシリカ系被覆層を形成する工程、
(b)前記シリカ系被覆層が形成された炭酸カルシウム粒子から炭酸カルシウムの一部または全部を除去する工程、
(c)前記シリカ系被覆層を緻密化してシリカ系中空粒子を得る工程、および
(d)前記第1の有機溶媒を第2の有機溶媒に置換する工程
Si(OR1)4 ・・・・・(1)
(式中、R1は1価の有機基を示す。)
R2Si(OR3)4−d ・・・・・(2)
(式中、R2、R3は独立して1価の有機基を表し、dは1〜3の整数を示す。)
(A) In a dispersion (first dispersion) containing calcium carbonate particles and a first organic solvent, at least one compound represented by the following general formula (1) and the following general formula (2): A step of hydrolyzing and condensing at least one compound represented to form a silica-based coating layer covering the calcium carbonate particles;
(B) removing part or all of calcium carbonate from the calcium carbonate particles on which the silica-based coating layer is formed;
(C) a step of densifying the silica-based coating layer to obtain silica-based hollow particles; and (d) a step of replacing the first organic solvent with a second organic solvent. Si (OR 1 ) 4 ...・ (1)
(In the formula, R 1 represents a monovalent organic group.)
R 2 Si (OR 3 ) 4-d (2)
(In the formula, R 2 and R 3 independently represent a monovalent organic group, and d represents an integer of 1 to 3. )
以下、本実施形態に係るシリカ系中空粒子分散体の製造方法の各工程について説明する。 Hereinafter, each process of the manufacturing method of the silica type hollow particle dispersion which concerns on this embodiment is demonstrated.
1.1.工程(a)
工程(a)は、炭酸カルシウム粒子および第1の有機溶媒を含有する分散体に、上記一般式(1)で表される少なくとも1種の化合物(以下、「化合物1」ともいう。)及び上記一般式(2)で表される少なくとも1種の化合物(以下、「化合物2」ともいう。)を加水分解縮合して、炭酸カルシウム粒子を被覆するシリカ系被覆層を形成する工程である。
1.1. Step (a)
In the step (a), at least one compound represented by the general formula (1) (hereinafter also referred to as “compound 1”) and the above are added to a dispersion containing calcium carbonate particles and a first organic solvent. In this process, at least one compound represented by the general formula (2) (hereinafter, also referred to as “compound 2”) is hydrolyzed and condensed to form a silica-based coating layer covering the calcium carbonate particles.
1.1.1.分散体
有機溶媒(第2の有機溶媒)中の分散性をより向上させるためには、工程(a)における分散体の製造の際に、化合物1を70〜99.9モル%および化合物2を0.1〜30モル%使用するのが好ましく、化合物1を90〜99.8モル%および化合物2を0.2〜10モル%使用するのがより好ましく、化合物1を95〜99.5モル%および化合物2を0.5〜5モル%使用するのがさらに好ましい。
1.1.1. Dispersion In order to further improve the dispersibility in the organic solvent (second organic solvent), 70 to 99.9 mol% of Compound 1 and Compound 2 are added during the production of the dispersion in Step (a). It is preferable to use 0.1 to 30 mol%, more preferably 90 to 99.8 mol% of Compound 1 and 0.2 to 10 mol% of Compound 2 and 95 to 99.5 mol of Compound 1 And 0.5 to 5 mol% of compound 2 is more preferred.
1.1.1−1.化合物1
上記一般式(1)において、R1で表される1価の有機基としては、アルキル基、アルケニル基、アリール基、アリル基、グリシジル基等を挙げることができる。なかでも、R1で表される1価の有機基は、アルキル基またはフェニル基であることが好ましい。
1.1.1.1. Compound 1
In the general formula (1), examples of the monovalent organic group represented by R 1 include an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, an allyl group, and a glycidyl group. Among these, the monovalent organic group represented by R 1 is preferably an alkyl group or a phenyl group.
ここで、アルキル基としては、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、ブチル基等が挙げられ、好ましくは炭素数1〜5であり、これらのアルキル基は鎖状でも、分岐していてもよく、さらに水素原子がフッ素原子等に置換されていてもよい。アリール基としては、フェニル基、ナフチル基、メチルフェニル基、エチルフェニル基、クロロフェニル基、ブロモフェニル基、フルオロフェニル基等を挙げることができる。アルケニル基としては、例えばビニル基、プロペニル基、3−ブテニル基、3−ペンテニル基、3−ヘキセニル基を挙げることができる。 Here, examples of the alkyl group include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, and the like. Preferably, the alkyl group has 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and these alkyl groups may be linear or branched. Further, a hydrogen atom may be substituted with a fluorine atom or the like. Examples of the aryl group include a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a methylphenyl group, an ethylphenyl group, a chlorophenyl group, a bromophenyl group, and a fluorophenyl group. Examples of the alkenyl group include a vinyl group, a propenyl group, a 3-butenyl group, a 3-pentenyl group, and a 3-hexenyl group.
化合物1の具体例としては、例えば、テトラメトキシシラン、テトラエトキシシラン、テトラ−n−プロポキシシラン、テトラ−iso−プロポキシシラン、テトラ−n−ブトキシラン、テトラ−sec−ブトキシシラン、テトラ−tert−ブトキシシラン、テトラフェノキシシランなどを挙げることができ、特に好ましい化合物としてはテトラメトキシシラン、テトラエトキシシランが挙げられる。これらは、1種あるいは2種以上を同時に使用してもよい。 Specific examples of the compound 1 include, for example, tetramethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, tetra-n-propoxysilane, tetra-iso-propoxysilane, tetra-n-butoxysilane, tetra-sec-butoxysilane, tetra-tert-butoxy. Silane, tetraphenoxysilane and the like can be mentioned, and particularly preferred compounds include tetramethoxysilane and tetraethoxysilane. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
1.1.1−2.化合物2
上記一般式(2)において、R2、R3としては、前記一般式(1)のR1として例示した基と同様の基を挙げることができる。
1.1.1-2. Compound 2
In the general formula (2), examples of R 2 and R 3 include the same groups as those exemplified as R 1 in the general formula (1).
化合物2の具体例としては、例えば、メチルトリメトキシシラン、メチルトリエトキシシラン、メチルトリ−n−プロポキシシラン、メチルトリイソプロポキシシラン、メチルトリ−n−ブトキシシラン、メチルトリ−sec−ブトキシシラン、メチルトリ−tert−ブトキシシラン、メチルトリフェノキシシラン、エチルトリメトキシシラン、エチルトリエトキシシラン、エチルトリ−n−プロポキシシラン、エチルトリイソプロポキシシラン、エチルトリ−n−ブトキシシラン、エチルトリ−sec−ブトキシシラン、エチルトリ−tert−ブトキシシラン、エチルトリフェノキシシラン、n−プロピルトリメトキシシラン、n−プロピルトリエトキシシラン、n−プロピルトリ−n−プロポキシシラン、n−プロピルトリイソプロポキシシラン、n−プロピルトリ−n−ブトキシシラン、n−プロピルトリ−sec−ブトキシシラン、n−プロピルトリ−tert−ブトキシシラン、n−プロピルトリフェノキシシラン、イソプロピルトリメトキシシラン、イソプロピルトリエトキシシラン、イソプロピルトリ−n−プロポキシシラン、イソプロピルトリイソプロポキシシラン、イソプロピルトリ−n−ブトキシシラン、イソプロピルトリ−sec−ブトキシシラン、イソプロピルトリ−tert−ブトキシシラン、イソプロピルトリフェノキシシラン、n−ブチルトリメトキシシラン、n−ブチルトリエトキシシラン、n−ブチルトリ−n−プロポキシシラン、n−ブチルトリイソプロポキシシラン、n−ブチルトリ−n−ブトキシシラン、n−ブチルトリ−sec−ブトキシシラン、n−ブチルトリ−tert−ブトキシシラン、n−ブチルトリフェノキシシラン、sec−ブチルトリメトキシシラン、sec−ブチルイソトリエトキシシラン、sec−ブチルトリ−n−プロポキシシラン、sec−ブチルトリイソプロポキシシラン、sec−ブチルトリ−n−ブトキシシラン、sec−ブチルトリ−sec−ブトキシシラン、sec−ブチルトリ−tert−ブトキシシラン、sec−ブチルトリフェノキシシラン、tert−ブチルトリメトキシシラン、tert−ブチルトリエトキシシラン、tert−ブチルト−n−プロポキシシラン、tert−ブチルトリイソプロポキシシラン、tert−ブチルトリ−n−ブトキシシラン、tert−ブチルトリ−sec−ブトキシシラン、tert−ブチルトリ−tert−ブトキシシラン、tert−ブチルトリフェノキシシラン、フェニルトリメトキシシラン、フェニルトリエトキシシラン、フェニルトリ−n−プロポキシシラン、フェニルトリイソプロポキシシラン、フェニルトリ−n−ブトキシシラン、フェニルトリ−sec−ブトキシシラン、フェニルトリ−tert−ブトキシシラン、フェニルトリフェノキシシラン、ジメチルジメトキシシラン、ジメチルジエトキシシラン、ジメチルジ−n−プロポキシシラン、ジメチルジイソプロポキシシラン、ジメチルジ−n−ブトキシシラン、ジメチルジ−sec−ブトキシシラン、ジメチルジ−tert−ブトキシシラン、ジメチルジフェノキシシラン、ジエチルジメトキシシラン、ジエチルジエトキシシラン、ジエチルジ−n−プロポキシシラン、ジエチルジイソプロポキシシラン、ジエチルジ−n−ブトキシシラン、ジエチルジ−sec−ブトキシシラン、ジエチルジ−tert−ブトキシシラン、ジエチルジフェノキシシラン、ジ−n−プロピルジメトキシシラン、ジ−n−プロピルジエトキシシラン、ジ−n−プロピルジ−n−プロポキシシラン、ジ−n−プロピルジイソプロポキシシラン、ジ−n−プロピルジ−n−ブトキシシラン、ジ−n−プロピルジ−sec−ブトキシシラン、ジ−n−プロピルジ−tert−ブトキシシラン、ジ−n−プロピルジ−フェノキシシラン、ジイソプロピルジメトキシシラン、ジイソプロピルジエトキシシラン、ジイソプロピルジ−n−プロポキシシラン、ジイソプロピルジイソプロポキシシラン、ジイソプロピルジ−n−ブトキシシラン、ジイソプロピルジ−sec−ブトキシシラン、ジイソプロピルジ−tert−ブトキシシラン、ジイソプロピルジフェノキシシラン、ジ−n−ブチルジメトキシシラン、ジ−n−ブチルジエトキシシラン、ジ−n−ブチルジ−n−プロポキシシラン、ジ−n−ブチルジイソプロポキシシラン、ジ−n−ブチルジ−n−ブトキシシラン、ジ−n−ブチルジ−sec−ブトキシシラン、ジ−n−ブチルジ−tert−ブトキシシラン、ジ−n−ブチルジ−フェノキシシラン、ジ−sec−ブチルジメトキシシラン、ジ−sec−ブチルジエトキシシラン、ジ−sec−ブチルジ−n−プロポキシシラン、ジ−sec−ブチルジイソプロポキシシラン、ジ−sec−ブチルジ−n−ブトキシシラン、ジ−sec−ブチルジ−sec−ブトキシシラン、ジ−sec−ブチルジ−tert−ブトキシシラン、ジ−sec−ブチルジ−フェノキシシラン、ジ−tert−ブチルジメトキシシラン、ジ−tert−ブチルジエトキシシラン、ジ−tert−ブチルジ−n−プロポキシシラン、ジ−tert−ブチルジイソプロポキシシラン、ジ−tert−ブチルジ−n−ブトキシシラン、ジ−tert−ブチルジ−sec−ブトキシシラン、ジ−tert−ブチルジ−tert−ブトキシシラン、ジ−tert−ブチルジ−フェノキシシラン、ジフェニルジメトキシシラン、ジフェニルジエトキシシラン、ジフェニルジ−n−プロポキシシラン、ジフェニルジイソプロポキシシラン、ジフェニルジ−n−ブトキシシラン、ジフェニルジ−sec−ブトキシシラン、ジフェニルジ−tert−ブトキシシラン、ジフェニルジフェノキシシランが挙げられる。これらは1種あるいは2種以上を同時に使用してもよい。 Specific examples of the compound 2 include, for example, methyltrimethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, methyltri-n-propoxysilane, methyltriisopropoxysilane, methyltri-n-butoxysilane, methyltri-sec-butoxysilane, methyltri-tert. -Butoxysilane, methyltriphenoxysilane, ethyltrimethoxysilane, ethyltriethoxysilane, ethyltri-n-propoxysilane, ethyltriisopropoxysilane, ethyltri-n-butoxysilane, ethyltri-sec-butoxysilane, ethyltri-tert- Butoxysilane, ethyltriphenoxysilane, n-propyltrimethoxysilane, n-propyltriethoxysilane, n-propyltri-n-propoxysilane, n-propyltriisopro Xysilane, n-propyltri-n-butoxysilane, n-propyltri-sec-butoxysilane, n-propyltri-tert-butoxysilane, n-propyltriphenoxysilane, isopropyltrimethoxysilane, isopropyltriethoxysilane, isopropyl Tri-n-propoxysilane, isopropyltriisopropoxysilane, isopropyltri-n-butoxysilane, isopropyltri-sec-butoxysilane, isopropyltri-tert-butoxysilane, isopropyltriphenoxysilane, n-butyltrimethoxysilane, n -Butyltriethoxysilane, n-butyltri-n-propoxysilane, n-butyltriisopropoxysilane, n-butyltri-n-butoxysilane, n-butyltri-sec- Toxisilane, n-butyltri-tert-butoxysilane, n-butyltriphenoxysilane, sec-butyltrimethoxysilane, sec-butylisotriethoxysilane, sec-butyltri-n-propoxysilane, sec-butyltriisopropoxysilane, sec-butyltri-n-butoxysilane, sec-butyltri-sec-butoxysilane, sec-butyltri-tert-butoxysilane, sec-butyltriphenoxysilane, tert-butyltrimethoxysilane, tert-butyltriethoxysilane, tert- Butyl-n-propoxysilane, tert-butyltriisopropoxysilane, tert-butyltri-n-butoxysilane, tert-butyltri-sec-butoxysilane, tert-butyl Rutri-tert-butoxysilane, tert-butyltriphenoxysilane, phenyltrimethoxysilane, phenyltriethoxysilane, phenyltri-n-propoxysilane, phenyltriisopropoxysilane, phenyltri-n-butoxysilane, phenyltri-sec -Butoxysilane, phenyltri-tert-butoxysilane, phenyltriphenoxysilane, dimethyldimethoxysilane, dimethyldiethoxysilane, dimethyldi-n-propoxysilane, dimethyldiisopropoxysilane, dimethyldi-n-butoxysilane, dimethyldi-sec- Butoxysilane, dimethyldi-tert-butoxysilane, dimethyldiphenoxysilane, diethyldimethoxysilane, diethyldiethoxysilane, diethyldi-n-propo Sisilane, diethyldiisopropoxysilane, diethyldi-n-butoxysilane, diethyldi-sec-butoxysilane, diethyldi-tert-butoxysilane, diethyldiphenoxysilane, di-n-propyldimethoxysilane, di-n-propyldiethoxysilane Di-n-propyldi-n-propoxysilane, di-n-propyldiisopropoxysilane, di-n-propyldi-n-butoxysilane, di-n-propyldi-sec-butoxysilane, di-n-propyldi- tert-butoxysilane, di-n-propyldi-phenoxysilane, diisopropyldimethoxysilane, diisopropyldiethoxysilane, diisopropyldi-n-propoxysilane, diisopropyldiisopropoxysilane, diisopropyldi-n-butoxy Silane, diisopropyldi-sec-butoxysilane, diisopropyldi-tert-butoxysilane, diisopropyldiphenoxysilane, di-n-butyldimethoxysilane, di-n-butyldiethoxysilane, di-n-butyldi-n-propoxysilane , Di-n-butyldiisopropoxysilane, di-n-butyldi-n-butoxysilane, di-n-butyldi-sec-butoxysilane, di-n-butyldi-tert-butoxysilane, di-n-butyldi- Phenoxysilane, di-sec-butyldimethoxysilane, di-sec-butyldiethoxysilane, di-sec-butyldi-n-propoxysilane, di-sec-butyldiisopropoxysilane, di-sec-butyldi-n-butoxy Silane, di-sec-butyl di-sec-butoxy Sisilane, di-sec-butyldi-tert-butoxysilane, di-sec-butyldi-phenoxysilane, di-tert-butyldimethoxysilane, di-tert-butyldiethoxysilane, di-tert-butyldi-n-propoxysilane, Di-tert-butyldiisopropoxysilane, di-tert-butyldi-n-butoxysilane, di-tert-butyldi-sec-butoxysilane, di-tert-butyldi-tert-butoxysilane, di-tert-butyldi-phenoxy Silane, diphenyldimethoxysilane, diphenyldiethoxysilane, diphenyldi-n-propoxysilane, diphenyldiisopropoxysilane, diphenyldi-n-butoxysilane, diphenyldi-sec-butoxysilane, diphenyldi-ter - butoxysilane include diphenyl phenoxy silanes. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
化合物2として特に好ましい化合物は、メチルトリメトキシシラン、メチルトリエトキシシラン、メチルトリ−n−プロポキシシラン、メチルトリ−iso−プロポキシシラン、エチルトリメトキシシラン、エチルトリエトキシシラン、フェニルトリメトキシシラン、フェニルトリエトキシシラン、ジメチルジメトキシシラン、ジメチルジエトキシシラン、ジエチルジメトキシシラン、ジエチルジエトキシシラン、ジフェニルジメトキシシラン、ジフェニルジエトキシシラン等である。これらは1種あるいは2種以上を同時に使用してもよい。 Particularly preferred compounds as Compound 2 are methyltrimethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, methyltri-n-propoxysilane, methyltri-iso-propoxysilane, ethyltrimethoxysilane, ethyltriethoxysilane, phenyltrimethoxysilane, phenyltriethoxy. Silane, dimethyldimethoxysilane, dimethyldiethoxysilane, diethyldimethoxysilane, diethyldiethoxysilane, diphenyldimethoxysilane, diphenyldiethoxysilane and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
1.1.1−3.第1の有機溶媒
工程(a)において使用する第1の有機溶媒としては、例えば親水性有機溶媒が挙げられる。
1.1.1-3. 1st organic solvent As a 1st organic solvent used in a process (a), a hydrophilic organic solvent is mentioned, for example.
本発明において親水性有機溶媒とは、20℃において水と任意の比率で均一に混合できる有機溶媒、あるいは、20℃において水と混合して2層を形成する場合、有機層中の水の含有率が12質量%を超える有機溶媒を意味し、例えば、メタノール、エタノール、イソプロピルアルコール、ブタノール、エチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル等のアルコール系溶媒;ジメチルホルムアミド、ジメチルアセトアミド等のアミド系溶媒を挙げることができる。これらの中でも、アルコール系溶媒が好ましく、メタノールがさらに好ましい。これらの親水性有機溶媒は、1種単独で又は2種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。なお、分散体は、第1の有機溶媒とともに水を含んでいてもよい。 In the present invention, the hydrophilic organic solvent is an organic solvent that can be uniformly mixed with water at an arbitrary ratio at 20 ° C., or, when mixed with water at 20 ° C. to form two layers, the water content in the organic layer An organic solvent having a rate exceeding 12% by mass includes, for example, alcohol solvents such as methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, butanol and ethylene glycol monomethyl ether; amide solvents such as dimethylformamide and dimethylacetamide. Among these, alcohol solvents are preferable, and methanol is more preferable. These hydrophilic organic solvents can be used singly or in combination of two or more. The dispersion may contain water together with the first organic solvent.
加水分解縮合における反応温度は0〜100℃、好ましくは20〜80℃、反応時間は30〜1000分間、好ましくは30〜300分間である。 The reaction temperature in the hydrolysis condensation is 0 to 100 ° C., preferably 20 to 80 ° C., and the reaction time is 30 to 1000 minutes, preferably 30 to 300 minutes.
1.1.1−4.触媒
工程(a)において、上記一般式(1)および(2)で表される化合物の加水分解縮合を促進させる点、および加水分解縮合を行う際に炭酸カルシウムが溶解しないという点で、加水分解縮合において、塩基性化合物を触媒として使用するのが好ましい。
1.1.1-4. In the catalyst step (a), hydrolysis is carried out in terms of promoting hydrolysis condensation of the compounds represented by the general formulas (1) and (2), and in that calcium carbonate does not dissolve during the hydrolysis condensation. In the condensation, it is preferable to use a basic compound as a catalyst.
触媒として使用可能な塩基性化合物としては、例えば、メタノールアミン、エタノールアミン、プロパノールアミン、ブタノールアミン、N−メチルメタノールアミン、N−エチルメタノールアミン、N−プロピルメタノールアミン、N−ブチルメタノールアミン、N−メチルエタノールアミン、N−エチルエタノールアミン、N−プロピルエタノールアミン、N−ブチルエタノールアミン、N−メチルプロパノールアミン、N−エチルプロパノールアミン、N−プロピルプロパノールアミン、N−ブチルプロパノールアミン、N−メチルブタノールアミン、N−エチルブタノールアミン、N−プロピルブタノールアミン、N−ブチルブタノールアミン、N,N−ジメチルメタノールアミン、N,N−ジエチルメタノールアミン、N,N−ジプロピルメタノールアミン、N,N−ジブチルメタノールアミン、N,N−ジメチルエタノールアミン、N,N−ジエチルエタノールアミン、N,N−ジプロピルエタノールアミン、N,N−ジブチルエタノールアミン、N,N−ジメチルプロパノールアミン、N,N−ジエチルプロパノールアミン、N,N−ジプロピルプロパノールアミン、N,N−ジブチルプロパノールアミン、N,N−ジメチルブタノールアミン、N,N−ジエチルブタノールアミン、N,N−ジプロピルブタノールアミン、N,N−ジブチルブタノールアミン、N−メチルジメタノールアミン、N−エチルジメタノールアミン、N−プロピルジメタノールアミン、N−ブチルジメタノールアミン、N−メチルジエタノールアミン、N−エチルジエタノールアミン、N−プロピルジエタノールアミン、N−ブチルジエタノールアミン、N−メチルジプロパノールアミン、N−エチルジプロパノールアミン、N−プロピルジプロパノールアミン、N−ブチルジプロパノールアミン、N−メチルジブタノールアミン、N−エチルジブタノールアミン、N−プロピルジブタノールアミン、N−ブチルジブタノールアミン、N−(アミノメチル)メタノールアミン、N−(アミノメチル)エタノールアミン、N−(アミノメチル)プロパノールアミン、N−(アミノメチル)ブタノールアミン、N−(アミノエチル)メタノールアミン、N−(アミノエチル)エタノールアミン、N−(アミノエチル)プロパノールアミン、N−(アミノエチル)ブタノールアミン、N−(アミノプロピル)メタノールアミン、N−(アミノプロピル)エタノールアミン、N−(アミノプロピル)プロパノールアミン、N−(アミノプロピル)ブタノールアミン、N−(アミノブチル)メタノールアミン、N−(アミノブチル)エタノールアミン、N−(アミノブチル)プロパノールアミン、N−(アミノブチル)ブタノールアミン、メトキシメチルアミン、メトキシエチルアミン、メトキシプロピルアミン、メトキシブチルアミン、エトキシメチルアミン、エトキシエチルアミン、エトキシプロピルアミン、エトキシブチルアミン、プロポキシメチルアミン、プロポキシエチルアミン、プロポキシプロピルアミン、プロポキシブチルアミン、ブトキシメチルアミン、ブトキシエチルアミン、ブトキシプロピルアミン、ブトキシブチルアミン、メチルアミン、エチルアミン、プロピルアミン、ブチルアミン、N,N−ジメチルアミン、N,N−ジエチルアミン、N,N−ジプロピルアミン、N,N−ジブチルアミン、トリメチルアミン、トリエチルアミン、トリプロピルアミン、トリブチルアミン、テトラメチルアンモニウムハイドロキサイド、テトラエチルアンモニウムハイドロキサイド、テトラプロピルアンモニウムハイドロキサイド、テトラブチルアンモニウムハイドロキサイド、テトラメチルエチレンジアミン、テトラエチルエチレンジアミン、テトラプロピルエチレンジアミン、テトラブチルエチレンジアミン、メチルアミノメチルアミン、メチルアミノエチルアミン、メチルアミノプロピルアミン、メチルアミノブチルアミン、エチルアミノメチルアミン、エチルアミノエチルアミン、エチルアミノプロピルアミン、エチルアミノブチルアミン、プロピルアミノメチルアミン、プロピルアミノエチルアミン、プロピルアミノプロピルアミン、プロピルアミノブチルアミン、ブチルアミノメチルアミン、ブチルアミノエチルアミン、ブチルアミノプロピルアミン、ブチルアミノブチルアミン、ピリジン、ピロール、ピペラジン、ピロリジン、ピペリジン、ピコリン、モルホリン、メチルモルホリン、ジアザビシクロオクラン、ジアザビシクロノナン、ジアザビシクロウンデセン、アンモニア、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、水酸化バリウム、水酸化カルシウムなどを挙げることができ、アンモニアであるのがより好ましい。 Examples of basic compounds that can be used as catalysts include methanolamine, ethanolamine, propanolamine, butanolamine, N-methylmethanolamine, N-ethylmethanolamine, N-propylmethanolamine, N-butylmethanolamine, N -Methylethanolamine, N-ethylethanolamine, N-propylethanolamine, N-butylethanolamine, N-methylpropanolamine, N-ethylpropanolamine, N-propylpropanolamine, N-butylpropanolamine, N-methyl Butanolamine, N-ethylbutanolamine, N-propylbutanolamine, N-butylbutanolamine, N, N-dimethylmethanolamine, N, N-diethylmethanolamine, N, N-di Propylmethanolamine, N, N-dibutylmethanolamine, N, N-dimethylethanolamine, N, N-diethylethanolamine, N, N-dipropylethanolamine, N, N-dibutylethanolamine, N, N- Dimethylpropanolamine, N, N-diethylpropanolamine, N, N-dipropylpropanolamine, N, N-dibutylpropanolamine, N, N-dimethylbutanolamine, N, N-diethylbutanolamine, N, N-di Propylbutanolamine, N, N-dibutylbutanolamine, N-methyldimethanolamine, N-ethyldimethanolamine, N-propyldimethanolamine, N-butyldimethanolamine, N-methyldiethanolamine, N-ethyldiethanolamine, N Propyldiethanolamine, N-butyldiethanolamine, N-methyldipropanolamine, N-ethyldipropanolamine, N-propyldipropanolamine, N-butyldipropanolamine, N-methyldibutanolamine, N-ethyldibutanolamine, N-propyldibutanolamine, N-butyldibutanolamine, N- (aminomethyl) methanolamine, N- (aminomethyl) ethanolamine, N- (aminomethyl) propanolamine, N- (aminomethyl) butanolamine, N- (aminoethyl) methanolamine, N- (aminoethyl) ethanolamine, N- (aminoethyl) propanolamine, N- (aminoethyl) butanolamine, N- (aminopropyl) methanolamine, N- (a Minopropyl) ethanolamine, N- (aminopropyl) propanolamine, N- (aminopropyl) butanolamine, N- (aminobutyl) methanolamine, N- (aminobutyl) ethanolamine, N- (aminobutyl) propanolamine, N- (aminobutyl) butanolamine, methoxymethylamine, methoxyethylamine, methoxypropylamine, methoxybutylamine, ethoxymethylamine, ethoxyethylamine, ethoxypropylamine, ethoxybutylamine, propoxymethylamine, propoxyethylamine, propoxypropylamine, propoxybutylamine , Butoxymethylamine, butoxyethylamine, butoxypropylamine, butoxybutylamine, methylamine, ethylamine, Pyramine, butylamine, N, N-dimethylamine, N, N-diethylamine, N, N-dipropylamine, N, N-dibutylamine, trimethylamine, triethylamine, tripropylamine, tributylamine, tetramethylammonium hydroxide, Tetraethylammonium hydroxide, tetrapropylammonium hydroxide, tetrabutylammonium hydroxide, tetramethylethylenediamine, tetraethylethylenediamine, tetrapropylethylenediamine, tetrabutylethylenediamine, methylaminomethylamine, methylaminoethylamine, methylaminopropylamine, methyl Aminobutylamine, ethylaminomethylamine, ethylaminoethylamine, ethylaminopro Ruamine, ethylaminobutylamine, propylaminomethylamine, propylaminoethylamine, propylaminopropylamine, propylaminobutylamine, butylaminomethylamine, butylaminoethylamine, butylaminopropylamine, butylaminobutylamine, pyridine, pyrrole, piperazine, pyrrolidine, Piperidine, picoline, morpholine, methylmorpholine, diazabicycloocrane, diazabicyclononane, diazabicycloundecene, ammonia, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, etc. More preferred is ammonia.
塩基性化合物は、下記一般式(3)で表される含窒素化合物(以下、「化合物3」ともいう。)であってもよい。
(X1X2X3X4N)gY ・・・・・(3)
The basic compound may be a nitrogen-containing compound represented by the following general formula (3) (hereinafter also referred to as “compound 3”).
(X 1 X 2 X 3 X 4 N) g Y (3)
上記一般式(3)において、X1,X2,X3,X4は同一または異なり、それぞれ水素原子、炭素数1〜20のアルキル基(好ましくはメチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、ブチル基、ヘキシル基など)、ヒドロキシアルキル基(好ましくはヒドロキシエチル基など)、アリール基(好ましくはフェニル基など)、アリールアルキル基(好ましくはフェニルメチル基など)を示し、Yはハロゲン原子(好ましくはフッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子など)、1〜4価のアニオン性基(好ましくはヒドロキシ基など)を示し、gは1〜4の整数を示す。 In the general formula (3), X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , and X 4 are the same or different and are each a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms (preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, or a butyl group). Hexyl group), hydroxyalkyl group (preferably hydroxyethyl group etc.), aryl group (preferably phenyl group etc.), arylalkyl group (preferably phenylmethyl group etc.), Y is a halogen atom (preferably fluorine) An atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, an iodine atom, etc.), a 1 to 4 valent anionic group (preferably a hydroxy group), and g represents an integer of 1 to 4.
化合物3の具体例としては、水酸化テトラメチルアンモニウム、水酸化テトラエチルアンモニウム、水酸化テトラ−n−プロピルアンモニウム、水酸化テトラ−iso−プロピルアンモニウム、水酸化テトラ−n−ブチルアンモニウム、水酸化テトラ−iso−ブチルアンモニウム、水酸化テトラ−tert−ブチルアンモニウム、水酸化テトラペンチルアンモニウム、水酸化テトラヘキシルアンモニウム、水酸化テトラヘプチルアンモニウム、水酸化テトラオクチルアンモニウム、水酸化テトラノニルアンモニウム、水酸化テトラデシルアンモニウム、水酸化テトラウンデシルアンモニウム、水酸化テトラドデシルアンモニウム、臭化テトラメチルアンモニウム、塩化テトラメチルアンモニウム、臭化テトラエチルアンモニウム、塩化テトラエチルアンモニウム、臭化テトラ−n−プロピルアンモニウム、塩化テトラ−n−プロピルアンモニウム、臭化テトラ−n−ブチルアンモニウム、塩化テトラ−n−ブチルアンモニウム、水酸化ヘキサデシルトリメチルアンモニウム、臭化−n−ヘキサデシルトリメチルアンモニウム、水酸化−n−オクタデシルトリメチルアンモニウム、臭化−n−オクタデシルトリメチルアンモニウム、塩化セチルトリメチルアンモニウム、塩化ステアリルトリメチルアンモニウム、塩化ベンジルトリメチルアンモニウム、塩化ジデシルジメチルアンモニウム、塩化ジステアリルジメチルアンモニウム、塩化トリデシルメチルアンモニウム、テトラブチルアンモニウムハイドロジェンサルフェート、臭化トリブチルメチルアンモニウム、塩化トリオクチルメチルアンモニウム、塩化トリラウリルメチルアンモニウム、水酸化ベンジルトリメチルアンモニウム、臭化ベンジルトリエチルアンモニウム、臭化ベンジルトリブチルアンモニウム、臭化フェニルトリメチルアンモニウム、コリン等を好ましい例として挙げることができる。これらのうち特に好ましくは、水酸化テトラメチルアンモニウム、水酸化テトラエチルアンモニウム、水酸化テトラ−n−プロピルアンモニウム、水酸化テトラ−n−ブチルアンモニウム、臭化テトラメチルアンモニウム、塩化テトラメチルアンモニウム、臭化テトラエチルアンモニウム、塩化テトラエチルアンモニウム、臭化テトラ−n−プロピルアンモニウム、塩化テトラ−n−プロピルアンモニウムである。化合物3は、1種あるいは2種以上を同時に使用してもよい。 Specific examples of compound 3 include tetramethylammonium hydroxide, tetraethylammonium hydroxide, tetra-n-propylammonium hydroxide, tetra-iso-propylammonium hydroxide, tetra-n-butylammonium hydroxide, tetra-hydroxide iso-butylammonium hydroxide, tetra-tert-butylammonium hydroxide, tetrapentylammonium hydroxide, tetrahexylammonium hydroxide, tetraheptylammonium hydroxide, tetraoctylammonium hydroxide, tetranonylammonium hydroxide, tetradecylammonium hydroxide, Tetraundecyl ammonium hydroxide, tetradodecyl ammonium hydroxide, tetramethylammonium bromide, tetramethylammonium chloride, tetraethylammonium bromide, teto chloride Ethylammonium, tetra-n-propylammonium bromide, tetra-n-propylammonium chloride, tetra-n-butylammonium bromide, tetra-n-butylammonium chloride, hexadecyltrimethylammonium hydroxide, -n-hexabromide Decyltrimethylammonium hydroxide, hydroxide-n-octadecyltrimethylammonium, bromide-n-octadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, stearyltrimethylammonium chloride, benzyltrimethylammonium chloride, didecyldimethylammonium chloride, distearyldimethylammonium chloride, chloride Tridecylmethylammonium, tetrabutylammonium hydrogen sulfate, tributylmethylammonium bromide, trioctyl chloride Methyl ammonium, trilauryl methyl ammonium chloride, benzyl trimethyl ammonium hydroxide, benzyl bromide triethylammonium, and the like are preferable benzyl bromide tributylammonium bromide phenyl trimethyl ammonium, choline and the like. Among these, tetramethylammonium hydroxide, tetraethylammonium hydroxide, tetra-n-propylammonium hydroxide, tetra-n-butylammonium hydroxide, tetramethylammonium bromide, tetramethylammonium chloride, tetraethyl bromide are particularly preferable. Ammonium, tetraethylammonium chloride, tetra-n-propylammonium bromide, tetra-n-propylammonium chloride. Compound 3 may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
塩基性化合物の使用量は、シラン化合物中の加水分解性基の総量1モルに対して、通常、0.00001〜20モル、好ましくは0.00005〜10モルである。 The usage-amount of a basic compound is 0.00001-20 mol normally with respect to 1 mol of total amounts of the hydrolysable group in a silane compound, Preferably it is 0.00005-10 mol.
1.2.工程(b)
工程(b)は、シリカ系被覆層が形成された炭酸カルシウム粒子から炭酸カルシウムの一部または全部を除去する工程である。工程(b)においては、酸性化合物を用いて分散体を酸性にして炭酸カルシウムを分散体中に溶出することにより、炭酸カルシウム粒子から炭酸カルシウムの一部または全部を除去するのが好ましい。
1.2. Step (b)
Step (b) is a step of removing part or all of calcium carbonate from the calcium carbonate particles on which the silica-based coating layer has been formed. In the step (b), it is preferable to remove part or all of the calcium carbonate from the calcium carbonate particles by acidifying the dispersion using an acidic compound and eluting calcium carbonate into the dispersion.
酸性化合物の具体例としては、無機酸または有機酸が例示できる。無機酸としては、例えば、塩酸、硝酸、硫酸、フッ酸、リン酸等を挙げることができる。有機酸としては、例えば、酢酸、プロピオン酸、ブタン酸、ペンタン酸、ヘキサン酸、ヘプタン酸、オクタン酸、ノナン酸、デカン酸、シュウ酸、マレイン酸、メチルマロン酸、アジピン酸、セバシン酸、没食子酸、酪酸、メリット酸、アラキドン酸、シキミ酸、2−エチルヘキサン酸、オレイン酸、ステアリン酸、リノール酸、リノレイン酸、サリチル酸、安息香酸、p−アミノ安息香酸、p−トルエンスルホン酸、ベンゼンスルホン酸、モノクロロ酢酸、ジクロロ酢酸、トリクロロ酢酸、トリフルオロ酢酸、ギ酸、マロン酸、スルホン酸、フタル酸、フマル酸、クエン酸、酒石酸、無水マレイン酸、フマル酸、イタコン酸、コハク酸、メサコン酸、シトラコン酸、リンゴ酸、マロン酸、グルタル酸の加水分解物、無水マレイン酸の加水分解物、無水フタル酸の加水分解物等を挙げることができる。 Specific examples of the acidic compound include inorganic acids or organic acids. Examples of inorganic acids include hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrofluoric acid, and phosphoric acid. Examples of organic acids include acetic acid, propionic acid, butanoic acid, pentanoic acid, hexanoic acid, heptanoic acid, octanoic acid, nonanoic acid, decanoic acid, oxalic acid, maleic acid, methylmalonic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, gallic acid Acid, butyric acid, meritic acid, arachidonic acid, shikimic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, salicylic acid, benzoic acid, p-aminobenzoic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, benzenesulfone Acid, monochloroacetic acid, dichloroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, formic acid, malonic acid, sulfonic acid, phthalic acid, fumaric acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, succinic acid, mesaconic acid, Citraconic acid, malic acid, malonic acid, hydrolyzed glutaric acid, hydrolyzed maleic anhydride Object can include hydrolysis products of phthalic anhydride.
これらは1種あるいは2種以上を同時に使用してもよい。 These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
酸性化合物の使用量は、使用した触媒である塩基性化合物の量および種類、処理温度によっても異なるが、炭酸カルシウムの総量1モルに対して、0.1〜50モル、好ましくは0.5〜10モルである。また、上記触媒において塩基性触媒を用いた際には、職場いてある塩基性化合物と酸性化合物が反応してしまうので、炭酸カルシウムの総量1モルに対して1〜10モルであることが特に好ましい。炭酸カルシウム酸性化合物の使用量が炭酸カルシウムの総量1モルに対して0.1モル未満であると、炭酸カルシウムを除去できない場合がある。 The amount of the acidic compound used varies depending on the amount and type of the basic compound that is the catalyst used and the treatment temperature, but is 0.1 to 50 mol, preferably 0.5 to 0.1 mol with respect to 1 mol of the total amount of calcium carbonate. 10 moles. In addition, when a basic catalyst is used in the above catalyst, the basic compound and acidic compound in the workplace react with each other, so that the amount is particularly preferably 1 to 10 mol with respect to 1 mol of the total amount of calcium carbonate. . If the amount of the calcium carbonate acidic compound used is less than 0.1 mol with respect to 1 mol of the total amount of calcium carbonate, the calcium carbonate may not be removed.
また、工程(b)においては、必要に応じて、上記工程でシリカ系被覆層が形成された炭酸カルシウム粒子の一部または全部が除去されて生じた炭酸カルシウムを分散体から系外へ除去する工程を含むことができる。炭酸カルシウムを分散体から系外へ除去する方法としては、特に限定されないが、限外濾過膜を用いて行うことができる。 Further, in step (b), if necessary, the calcium carbonate formed by removing a part or all of the calcium carbonate particles on which the silica-based coating layer has been formed in the above step is removed from the dispersion to the outside of the system. Steps may be included. Although it does not specifically limit as a method of removing calcium carbonate out of a system from a dispersion, It can carry out using an ultrafiltration membrane.
具体的には、上記工程(b)で得られた分散体を、圧力計、流量計、限外濾過膜、および循環ポンプを接続した容器に入れ、所定温度にて所定の循環流量又は線速で分散体を循環しながら限外濾過膜を用いて溶媒置換する(回分法では、濃縮した後に所定量の水で希釈することにより溶媒置換し、連続法では、濃縮する間に所定量の水で希釈することにより溶媒置換する。)ことにより、固形分濃度が好ましくは1〜50質量%であって、シリカ系中空粒子が水に分散された分散体を調製することができる。また、この際に炭酸カルシウムが分散体から系外へと除去される。このシリカ系中空粒子分散体では、有機溶媒の含有量は0.1〜30質量%であることが好ましい。 Specifically, the dispersion obtained in the step (b) is put in a container connected with a pressure gauge, a flow meter, an ultrafiltration membrane, and a circulation pump, and a predetermined circulating flow rate or linear velocity is set at a predetermined temperature. In the continuous method, the solvent is replaced by diluting with a predetermined amount of water while diluting with a predetermined amount of water, while in the continuous method, the solvent is replaced with a predetermined amount of water during the concentration. To obtain a dispersion in which the solid content concentration is preferably 1 to 50% by mass and the silica-based hollow particles are dispersed in water. At this time, calcium carbonate is removed from the dispersion out of the system. In the silica-based hollow particle dispersion, the content of the organic solvent is preferably 0.1 to 30% by mass.
このシリカ系中空粒子分散体において有機溶媒を0.1〜30質量%にする方法としては特に制限はないが、シリカ系中空粒子の増粘を防ぐためには、例えば、水と有機溶媒を水に溶媒置換する工程の間、有機溶媒の含有量を常に0.1〜30質量%に維持することが好ましい。 In the silica-based hollow particle dispersion, there is no particular limitation as to the method of adjusting the organic solvent to 0.1 to 30% by mass, but in order to prevent thickening of the silica-based hollow particles, for example, water and the organic solvent are changed to water. During the solvent replacement step, it is preferable to always maintain the content of the organic solvent at 0.1 to 30% by mass.
溶媒置換における温度は、有機溶媒の沸点以下であることが好ましく、さらに好ましくは40〜80℃である。また、運転時の溶媒の循環流量は、限外濾過膜での効率的溶媒置換を行い運転時の安全性を確保するためには、限外濾過膜表面との線速換算で、好ましくは2.0〜4.5m/秒、より好ましくは3.0〜4.0m/秒である。 It is preferable that the temperature in solvent substitution is below the boiling point of an organic solvent, More preferably, it is 40-80 degreeC. Further, the circulating flow rate of the solvent during operation is preferably 2 in terms of linear velocity with respect to the surface of the ultrafiltration membrane in order to perform efficient solvent replacement with the ultrafiltration membrane and ensure safety during operation. It is 0.0 to 4.5 m / second, more preferably 3.0 to 4.0 m / second.
また、この工程で用いられる限外濾過膜としては、運転時の圧力、温度、用いる有機溶媒による不具合を生じるものでない限り特に制限はないが、温度、圧力、耐溶媒性に優れるセラミック製のものが好ましい。また、限外濾過膜の孔径は、シリカ系中空粒子の粒子径より小さいものが使われるが、この技術分野において孔径の代用値として用いられる限外濾過膜の分画分子量として表した場合、好ましくは、3000〜1,000,000、さらに好ましくは、30,000〜500,000、特に好ましくは100,000〜200,000である。また、限外濾過膜の形状についても特に制限はないが、高い透過流速と目つまりが低いことより円筒状が好ましい。 The ultrafiltration membrane used in this step is not particularly limited as long as it does not cause problems due to operating pressure, temperature, and organic solvent used, but is made of ceramic having excellent temperature, pressure, and solvent resistance. Is preferred. Further, the pore diameter of the ultrafiltration membrane is smaller than that of the silica-based hollow particles, and preferably expressed as a fractional molecular weight of the ultrafiltration membrane used as a substitute value for the pore diameter in this technical field. Is 3000 to 1,000,000, more preferably 30,000 to 500,000, and particularly preferably 100,000 to 200,000. Further, the shape of the ultrafiltration membrane is not particularly limited, but a cylindrical shape is preferable because of a high permeation flow rate and low clogging.
1.3.工程(c)
工程(c)は、シリカ系被覆層を緻密化してシリカ系中空粒子を得る工程である。シリカ系被覆層を緻密化する方法としては、例えば、水熱処理を挙げることができる。
1.3. Step (c)
Step (c) is a step of densifying the silica-based coating layer to obtain silica-based hollow particles. Examples of a method for densifying the silica-based coating layer include hydrothermal treatment.
水熱処理としては、具体的には、上記工程(b)で得られた分散体に、必要に応じてアルカリ水溶液を添加して、該分散体を塩基性(好ましくはpH8〜13の範囲)に調節し、加熱処理することが挙げられる。これにより、シリカ系被覆層が緻密化されたシリカ系中空粒子を得ることができる。このとき、加熱処理温度は50〜350℃の範囲、好ましくは100〜300℃の範囲である。加熱処理に際しては、工程(b)で得られた分散体の濃度を予め希釈して、あるいは濃縮して処理することができる。 Specifically, as the hydrothermal treatment, an alkaline aqueous solution is added to the dispersion obtained in the step (b) as necessary to make the dispersion basic (preferably in the range of pH 8 to 13). Adjustment and heat treatment can be mentioned. Thereby, the silica type hollow particle in which the silica type coating layer was densified can be obtained. At this time, the heat treatment temperature is in the range of 50 to 350 ° C, preferably in the range of 100 to 300 ° C. In the heat treatment, the concentration of the dispersion obtained in the step (b) can be preliminarily diluted or concentrated.
また、必要に応じて、得られたシリカ系中空粒子の分散体中に含まれる水を第1の有機溶媒に置換する工程を行うこともできる。水を第1の有機溶媒に置換する方法としては、特に限定されないが、限外濾過膜を用いて行うことができる。 Moreover, the process of substituting the water contained in the obtained dispersion of silica-based hollow particles with the first organic solvent may be performed as necessary. Although it does not specifically limit as a method of substituting water with the 1st organic solvent, It can carry out using an ultrafiltration membrane.
具体的には、緻密化されたシリカ系中空粒子が分散され、水を含有する分散体を、圧力計、流量計、限外濾過膜、および循環ポンプを接続した容器に入れ、所定温度にて所定の循環流量又は線速で分散体を循環しながら限外濾過膜を用いて溶媒置換する(回分法では、濃縮した後に所定量の第1の有機溶媒で希釈することにより溶媒置換し、連続法では、濃縮する間に所定量の第1の有機溶媒で希釈することにより溶媒置換する。)ことにより、固形分濃度が好ましくは20〜50質量%であって、シリカ系中空粒子が第1の有機溶媒に分散された分散体を調製することができる。 Specifically, the fine silica-based hollow particles are dispersed and the dispersion containing water is placed in a container connected to a pressure gauge, a flow meter, an ultrafiltration membrane, and a circulation pump at a predetermined temperature. Solvent replacement using an ultrafiltration membrane while circulating the dispersion at a predetermined circulation flow rate or linear velocity (in batch method, solvent replacement is performed by concentrating and then diluting with a predetermined amount of the first organic solvent, and continuously. In the method, the solvent is replaced by diluting with a predetermined amount of the first organic solvent during the concentration.) By this, the solid content concentration is preferably 20 to 50% by mass, and the silica-based hollow particles are the first. A dispersion dispersed in the organic solvent can be prepared.
このシリカ系中空粒子分散体では、水の含有量は5質量%以下が好ましく、さらに好ましくは2質量%以下である。水分量が5質量%を越えると、保管中の増粘することがある。シリカ系中空粒子表面におけるシラノール基の濃度は、3.0×10−5モル/g以下が好ましく、さらに好ましくは2.0×10−5モル/g以下である。シリカ系中空粒子表面におけるシラノール基の濃度が3.0×10−5モル/gを超えると、保管中に分散体が増粘することがある。 In this silica-based hollow particle dispersion, the water content is preferably 5% by mass or less, more preferably 2% by mass or less. If the water content exceeds 5% by mass, the viscosity may increase during storage. The concentration of the silanol group on the surface of the silica-based hollow particles is preferably 3.0 × 10 −5 mol / g or less, more preferably 2.0 × 10 −5 mol / g or less. If the concentration of silanol groups on the surface of the silica-based hollow particles exceeds 3.0 × 10 −5 mol / g, the dispersion may thicken during storage.
溶媒置換における温度は、第1の有機溶媒の沸点以下であることが好ましく、さらに好ましくは40〜80℃である。また、運転時の溶媒の循環流量は、限外濾過膜での効率的溶媒置換を行い運転時の安全性を確保するためには、限外濾過膜表面との線速換算で、好ましくは2.0〜4.5m/秒、より好ましくは3.0〜4.0m/秒である。 It is preferable that the temperature in solvent substitution is below the boiling point of a 1st organic solvent, More preferably, it is 40-80 degreeC. Further, the circulating flow rate of the solvent during operation is preferably 2 in terms of linear velocity with respect to the surface of the ultrafiltration membrane in order to perform efficient solvent replacement with the ultrafiltration membrane and ensure safety during operation. It is 0.0 to 4.5 m / second, more preferably 3.0 to 4.0 m / second.
また、この工程で用いられる限外濾過膜としては、運転時の圧力、温度、用いる有機溶媒による不具合を生じるものでない限り特に制限はないが、温度、圧力、耐溶媒性に優れるセラミック製のものが好ましい。また、限外濾過膜の孔径は、シリカ系中空粒子の粒子径より小さいものが使われるが、この技術分野において孔径の代用値として用いられる限外濾過膜の分画分子量として表した場合、好ましくは、3000〜1,000,000、さらに好ましくは、30,000〜500,000、特に好ましくは100,000〜200,000である。また、限外濾過膜の形状についても特に制限はないが、高い透過流速と目つまりが低いことより円筒状が好ましい。 The ultrafiltration membrane used in this step is not particularly limited as long as it does not cause problems due to operating pressure, temperature, and organic solvent used, but is made of ceramic having excellent temperature, pressure, and solvent resistance. Is preferred. Further, the pore diameter of the ultrafiltration membrane is smaller than that of the silica-based hollow particles, and preferably expressed as a fractional molecular weight of the ultrafiltration membrane used as a substitute value for the pore diameter in this technical field. Is 3000 to 1,000,000, more preferably 30,000 to 500,000, and particularly preferably 100,000 to 200,000. Further, the shape of the ultrafiltration membrane is not particularly limited, but a cylindrical shape is preferable because of a high permeation flow rate and low clogging.
限外濾過膜を用いて分散体中の水を第1の有機溶媒に置換する際、前述のように、運転方法の相違(例えば、回分法と連続法との相違)によって、濃縮と希釈操作とを分けて行う方法や、濃縮と同時に(濃縮する間に)希釈する方法のいずれであってもよいが、本実施形態に係るシリカ系中空粒子分散体の製造方法では、希釈溶媒量の少ないことから、濃縮と同時に希釈する方法が好ましい。希釈に用いる第1の有機溶媒の量は、分散体中の水1kgに対して1〜10kgであるのが好ましい。 When replacing the water in the dispersion with the first organic solvent using an ultrafiltration membrane, as described above, due to the difference in operation method (for example, difference between batch method and continuous method), concentration and dilution operations are performed. Or a method of diluting at the same time as concentration (during concentration), but in the method for producing a silica-based hollow particle dispersion according to this embodiment, the amount of diluted solvent is small. Therefore, a method of diluting simultaneously with concentration is preferable. The amount of the first organic solvent used for dilution is preferably 1 to 10 kg with respect to 1 kg of water in the dispersion.
1.4.工程(d)
工程(d)は、第1の有機溶媒を第2の有機溶媒に置換する工程である。
1.4. Step (d)
Step (d) is a step of replacing the first organic solvent with the second organic solvent.
1.4.1.第2の有機溶媒
工程(d)において使用する第2の有機溶媒は疎水性有機溶媒であるのが好ましい。本発明において疎水性有機溶媒とは、水と均一に混合せずに、20℃において水と混合して2層を形成させた時の有機層中の水の含有率が12質量%以下の有機溶媒を意味し、例えば、メチルエチルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン、シクロヘキサノン等のケトン系溶媒;酢酸エチル、酢酸ブチル等のエステル類;アクリル酸ブチル、メタクリル酸メチル、ヘキサメチレンジアクリレート、トリメチロールプロパントリアクリレート等の不飽和アクリルエステル系溶媒;トルエン、キシレン等の芳香族炭化水素類;ジブチルエーテル等のエーテル類等を挙げることができる。これらの中で、ケトン類が好ましく、メチルエチルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトンがさらに好ましい。これらの疎水性有機溶媒は、1種単独で又は2種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。また、第2の有機溶媒として、疎水性有機溶媒と親水性有機溶媒との混合物を用いてもよい。
1.4.1. Second organic solvent The second organic solvent used in the step (d) is preferably a hydrophobic organic solvent. In the present invention, the hydrophobic organic solvent is an organic solvent having a water content of 12% by mass or less when mixed with water at 20 ° C. to form two layers without being uniformly mixed with water. Means solvent, for example, ketone solvents such as methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone and cyclohexanone; esters such as ethyl acetate and butyl acetate; butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, hexamethylene diacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, etc. Examples thereof include unsaturated acrylic ester solvents; aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene and xylene; ethers such as dibutyl ether. Among these, ketones are preferable, and methyl ethyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone are more preferable. These hydrophobic organic solvents can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Further, as the second organic solvent, a mixture of a hydrophobic organic solvent and a hydrophilic organic solvent may be used.
1.4.2.溶媒置換方法
第1の有機溶媒を第2の有機溶媒に置換する工程は、限外濾過膜を用いることにより行うことができる。
1.4.2. Solvent replacement method The step of replacing the first organic solvent with the second organic solvent can be performed by using an ultrafiltration membrane.
具体的には、工程(a)〜(c)で得られた分散体を、圧力計、流量計、限外濾過膜、および循環ポンプを接続した容器に入れ、所定温度にて所定の循環流量又は線速で分散体を循環しながら限外濾過膜を用いて溶媒置換する(回分法では、濃縮した後に所定量の第2の有機溶媒で希釈することにより溶媒置換し、連続法では、濃縮する間に所定量の第2の有機溶媒で希釈することにより溶媒置換する。)ことにより、固形分濃度が好ましくは20〜50質量%であって、シリカ系中空粒子が第2の有機溶媒に分散された分散体を調製することができる。このシリカ系中空粒子分散体では、第1の有機溶媒の含有量は0.1〜10質量%である。 Specifically, the dispersion obtained in steps (a) to (c) is put in a container connected with a pressure gauge, a flow meter, an ultrafiltration membrane, and a circulation pump, and a predetermined circulation flow rate at a predetermined temperature. Alternatively, the solvent is replaced using an ultrafiltration membrane while circulating the dispersion at a linear velocity (in the batch method, the solvent is replaced by concentrating and then diluted with a predetermined amount of a second organic solvent, and in the continuous method, the solvent is replaced. In the meantime, the solvent is replaced by diluting with a predetermined amount of the second organic solvent.) By this, the solid content concentration is preferably 20 to 50% by mass, and the silica-based hollow particles are used as the second organic solvent. A dispersed dispersion can be prepared. In this silica-based hollow particle dispersion, the content of the first organic solvent is 0.1 to 10% by mass.
このシリカ系中空粒子分散体において第1の有機溶媒を0.1〜10質量%にする方法としては特に制限はないが、シリカ系中空粒子の増粘を防ぐためには、例えば、第1の有機溶媒を第2の有機溶媒に溶媒置換する工程の間、第1の有機溶媒の含有量を常に0.1〜10質量%に維持することが好ましい。 Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular as a method to make a 1st organic solvent 0.1-10 mass% in this silica type hollow particle dispersion, In order to prevent the viscosity of a silica type hollow particle, for example, a 1st organic During the process of replacing the solvent with the second organic solvent, it is preferable to always maintain the content of the first organic solvent at 0.1 to 10% by mass.
また、シリカ系中空粒子分散体中に残存する水分量は5質量%以下が好ましく、さらに好ましくは2質量%以下である。水分量が5質量%を越えると、保管中に分散体が増粘することがある。シリカ系中空粒子表面におけるシラノール基の濃度は、3.0×10−5モル/g以下が好ましく、さらに好ましくは2.0×10−5モル/g以下である。シリカ系中空粒子表面におけるシラノール基の濃度が3.0×10−5モル/gを超えると、保管中に増粘することがある。 Further, the amount of water remaining in the silica-based hollow particle dispersion is preferably 5% by mass or less, more preferably 2% by mass or less. If the water content exceeds 5% by mass, the dispersion may thicken during storage. The concentration of the silanol group on the surface of the silica-based hollow particles is preferably 3.0 × 10 −5 mol / g or less, more preferably 2.0 × 10 −5 mol / g or less. If the concentration of silanol groups on the surface of the silica-based hollow particles exceeds 3.0 × 10 −5 mol / g, the viscosity may increase during storage.
溶媒置換における温度は、第2の有機溶媒の沸点以下であることが好ましく、さらに好ましくは40〜80℃である。また、運転時の溶媒の循環流量は、限外濾過膜での効率的溶媒置換を行い運転時の安全性を確保するためには、限外濾過膜表面との線速換算で、好ましくは2.0〜4.5m/秒、より好ましくは3.0〜4.0m/秒である。 It is preferable that the temperature in solvent substitution is below the boiling point of a 2nd organic solvent, More preferably, it is 40-80 degreeC. Further, the circulating flow rate of the solvent during operation is preferably 2 in terms of linear velocity with respect to the surface of the ultrafiltration membrane in order to perform efficient solvent replacement with the ultrafiltration membrane and ensure safety during operation. It is 0.0 to 4.5 m / second, more preferably 3.0 to 4.0 m / second.
また、この工程で用いられる限外濾過膜としては、運転時の圧力、温度、用いる有機溶媒による不具合を生じるものでない限り特に制限はないが、温度、圧力、耐溶媒性に優れるセラミック製のものが好ましい。また、限外濾過膜の孔径は、シリカ系中空粒子の粒子径より小さいものが使われるが、この技術分野において孔径の代用値として用いられる限外濾過膜の分画分子量として表した場合、好ましくは、3000〜1,000,000、さらに好ましくは、30,000〜500,000、特に好ましくは100,000〜200,000である。また、限外濾過膜の形状にについても特に制限はないが、高い透過流速と目つまりが低いことより円筒状が好ましい。 The ultrafiltration membrane used in this step is not particularly limited as long as it does not cause problems due to operating pressure, temperature, and organic solvent used, but is made of ceramic having excellent temperature, pressure, and solvent resistance. Is preferred. Further, the pore diameter of the ultrafiltration membrane is smaller than that of the silica-based hollow particles, and preferably expressed as a fractional molecular weight of the ultrafiltration membrane used as a substitute value for the pore diameter in this technical field. Is 3000 to 1,000,000, more preferably 30,000 to 500,000, and particularly preferably 100,000 to 200,000. Further, the shape of the ultrafiltration membrane is not particularly limited, but a cylindrical shape is preferred because of a high permeation flow rate and a low clogging.
限外濾過膜を用いて分散体中の第1の有機溶媒を第2の有機溶媒に置換する際、前述のように、運転方法の相違(例えば、回分法と連続法との相違)によって、濃縮と希釈操作とを分けて行う方法や、濃縮と同時に(濃縮する間に)希釈する方法のいずれであってもよいが、本実施形態に係るシリカ系中空粒子分散体の製造方法では、希釈溶媒量の少ないことから、濃縮と同時に希釈する方法が好ましい。希釈に用いる第2の有機溶媒の量は、分散体中の第1の有機溶媒1kgに対して1〜10kgであるのが好ましい。 When replacing the first organic solvent in the dispersion with the second organic solvent using the ultrafiltration membrane, as described above, due to the difference in the operation method (for example, the difference between the batch method and the continuous method), Either the method of performing concentration and dilution operations separately, or the method of diluting simultaneously with concentration (during concentration) may be used, but in the method for producing a silica-based hollow particle dispersion according to this embodiment, dilution is performed. Since the amount of the solvent is small, a method of diluting simultaneously with the concentration is preferable. The amount of the second organic solvent used for dilution is preferably 1 to 10 kg with respect to 1 kg of the first organic solvent in the dispersion.
1.5.シリカ系中空粒子およびシリカ系中空粒子分散体
また、本発明の一実施形態に係るシリカ系中空粒子は、上記一般式(1)で表される少なくとも1種の化合物及び下記一般式(2)で表される少なくとも1種の化合物を加水分解縮合して得られた外殻層を有する。そして、本発明の一実施形態に係るシリカ系中空粒子分散体は、上記シリカ系中空粒子分散体の製造方法によって得られたシリカ系中空粒子と、有機溶媒とを含む。ここで、有機溶媒としては、上述したように、疎水性有機溶媒であることが好ましい。
1.5. Silica-based hollow particles and silica-based hollow particle dispersion The silica-based hollow particles according to an embodiment of the present invention are represented by at least one compound represented by the general formula (1) and the following general formula (2). It has an outer shell layer obtained by hydrolytic condensation of at least one compound represented. And the silica type hollow particle dispersion which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention contains the silica type hollow particle obtained by the manufacturing method of the said silica type hollow particle dispersion, and an organic solvent. Here, as described above, the organic solvent is preferably a hydrophobic organic solvent.
本実施形態に係る製造方法によって得られたシリカ系中空粒子分散体に含まれるシリカ系中空粒子の含有量は通常0.1〜50質量%であり、10〜40質量%であるのが好ましい。 The content of silica-based hollow particles contained in the silica-based hollow particle dispersion obtained by the production method according to this embodiment is usually 0.1 to 50% by mass, and preferably 10 to 40% by mass.
本実施形態に係る製造方法によって得られたシリカ系中空粒子分散体に含まれるシリカ系中空粒子においては、シリカ系被覆層の平均粒子径は5〜300nmであるのが好ましく、10〜100nmであるのがより好ましい。 In the silica-based hollow particles contained in the silica-based hollow particle dispersion obtained by the production method according to this embodiment, the average particle diameter of the silica-based coating layer is preferably 5 to 300 nm, and preferably 10 to 100 nm. Is more preferable.
また、本実施形態に係る製造方法によって得られたシリカ系中空粒子分散体に含まれるシリカ系中空粒子においては、シリカ系被覆層の平均厚さは1nm以上であるのが好ましく、1〜50nmであるのがより好ましい。シリカ系被覆層の平均厚さが50nm以上であることにより、得られる中空粒子の屈折率が上昇するためである。 Further, in the silica-based hollow particles contained in the silica-based hollow particle dispersion obtained by the production method according to the present embodiment, the average thickness of the silica-based coating layer is preferably 1 nm or more, and is 1 to 50 nm. More preferably. This is because the refractive index of the hollow particles obtained increases when the average thickness of the silica-based coating layer is 50 nm or more.
2.実施例
以下、本発明を、実施例を挙げてさらに具体的に説明する。本発明は以下の実施例に限定されるものではない。なお、実施例および比較例中の「部」および「%」は、特記しない限り、それぞれ重量部および質量%であることを示している。
2. EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. The present invention is not limited to the following examples. In the examples and comparative examples, “parts” and “%” indicate parts by weight and mass%, respectively, unless otherwise specified.
2.1.実施例1
コロイド状炭酸カルシウム5.9kg(炭酸カルシウム濃度15.4質量%)にメタノール13.8kgおよび28質量%のアンモニア水溶液0.8kgを加え攪拌して水系分散体を調製した。次に、この水系分散体にテトラエトキシシラン0.34kgおよびメチルトリエトキシシラン3.5gを滴下し、室温にて3時間攪拌を行った(シリカ系被覆層の形成)。次いで、この水系分散体に10質量%の硝酸4.1kgを加え1時間攪拌を行った(炭酸カルシウムの除去)。その後、この水/メタノール系分散体に水14kgを加え、50℃にて循環流量50リットル/分、圧力1kg/cm2で限外濾過膜を用いて濃縮を行い、14kgの濾液を排出する操作を3回繰り返すことで、シリカ系中空粒子の水分散体(ゾル)を20kg調製した。この水系分散体にアンモニア水をpHが11になるまで加え、オートクレーブで180℃、3時間加熱処理を行った(シリカ系被覆層の緻密化)。
2.1. Example 1
An aqueous dispersion was prepared by adding 13.8 kg of methanol and 0.8 kg of an aqueous 28 mass% ammonia solution to 5.9 kg of colloidal calcium carbonate (calcium carbonate concentration of 15.4 mass%) and stirring. Next, 0.34 kg of tetraethoxysilane and 3.5 g of methyltriethoxysilane were added dropwise to this aqueous dispersion, followed by stirring at room temperature for 3 hours (formation of a silica-based coating layer). Subsequently, 4.1 kg of nitric acid of 10% by mass was added to this aqueous dispersion and stirred for 1 hour (removal of calcium carbonate). Thereafter, 14 kg of water is added to this water / methanol dispersion, and concentrated using an ultrafiltration membrane at a circulating flow rate of 50 liters / minute and a pressure of 1 kg / cm 2 at 50 ° C., and 14 kg of filtrate is discharged. Was repeated three times to prepare 20 kg of an aqueous dispersion (sol) of silica-based hollow particles. Aqueous ammonia was added to the aqueous dispersion until the pH reached 11, and heat treatment was performed in an autoclave at 180 ° C. for 3 hours (densification of the silica-based coating layer).
その後、この水系分散体にメチルイソブチルケトン(MIBK)14kgを加え、50℃にて循環流量50リットル/分、圧力1kg/cm2で限外濾過膜を用いて濃縮を行い、14kgの濾液を排出する操作を5回繰り返すことで、シリカ系粒子のMIBK分散体(ゾル)を20kg調製した(有機溶媒の置換)。計5回の操作における濾液の平均透過流速は70kg/m2/時間であり、計5回の操作の合計所要時間は4時間であった。 Thereafter, 14 kg of methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) was added to this aqueous dispersion, and the mixture was concentrated using an ultrafiltration membrane at 50 ° C. with a circulation flow rate of 50 liters / minute and a pressure of 1 kg / cm 2 , and 14 kg of filtrate was discharged. By repeating this operation 5 times, 20 kg of a silica-based MIBK dispersion (sol) was prepared (substitution of organic solvent). The average permeation flow rate of the filtrate in a total of 5 operations was 70 kg / m 2 / hour, and the total time required for the total of 5 operations was 4 hours.
得られたシリカ系中空粒子分散体を透過型電子顕微鏡にて観察したところ、平均粒子径が100nmであり、平均シェル厚が5nmの中空粒子であることが確認された。 When the obtained silica-based hollow particle dispersion was observed with a transmission electron microscope, it was confirmed to be hollow particles having an average particle diameter of 100 nm and an average shell thickness of 5 nm.
得られたシリカ系中空粒子の分散粒径を透過型電子顕微鏡により測定したところ、平均粒子径が100nmであった。また、得られたゾルは流動性を有することを確認した。 When the dispersed particle diameter of the obtained silica-based hollow particles was measured with a transmission electron microscope, the average particle diameter was 100 nm. The obtained sol was confirmed to have fluidity.
2.2.実施例2
コロイド状炭酸カルシウム5.9kg(炭酸カルシウム濃度15.4質量%)にメタノール13.8kgおよび28質量%のアンモニア水溶液0.8kgを加え攪拌して水系分散体を調製した。次に、この水系分散体にテトラエトキシシラン0.34kgおよびトリメチルメトキシシラン3.4gを滴下し、室温にて3時間攪拌を行った(シリカ系被覆層の形成)。次いで、この水系分散体に10質量%の硝酸4.1kgを加え1時間攪拌を行った(炭酸カルシウムの除去)。その後、この水/メタノール系分散体に水14kgを加え、50℃にて循環流量50リットル/分、圧力1kg/cm2で限外濾過膜を用いて濃縮を行い、14kgの濾液を排出する操作を3回繰り返すことで、シリカ系中空粒子の水分散体(ゾル)を20kg調製した。この水系分散体にアンモニア水をpHが11になるまで加え、オートクレーブで180℃、3時間加熱処理を行った(シリカ系被覆層の緻密化)。
2.2. Example 2
An aqueous dispersion was prepared by adding 13.8 kg of methanol and 0.8 kg of an aqueous 28 mass% ammonia solution to 5.9 kg of colloidal calcium carbonate (calcium carbonate concentration of 15.4 mass%) and stirring. Next, 0.34 kg of tetraethoxysilane and 3.4 g of trimethylmethoxysilane were added dropwise to this aqueous dispersion, followed by stirring at room temperature for 3 hours (formation of a silica-based coating layer). Subsequently, 4.1 kg of nitric acid of 10% by mass was added to this aqueous dispersion and stirred for 1 hour (removal of calcium carbonate). Thereafter, 14 kg of water is added to this water / methanol dispersion, and concentrated using an ultrafiltration membrane at a circulating flow rate of 50 liters / minute and a pressure of 1 kg / cm 2 at 50 ° C., and 14 kg of filtrate is discharged. Was repeated three times to prepare 20 kg of an aqueous dispersion (sol) of silica-based hollow particles. Aqueous ammonia was added to the aqueous dispersion until the pH reached 11, and heat treatment was performed in an autoclave at 180 ° C. for 3 hours (densification of the silica-based coating layer).
その後、この水系分散体にメチルイソブチルケトン(MIBK)14kgを加え、50℃、循環流量50リットル/分、圧力1kg/cm2で限外濾過膜を用いて濃縮を行い、14kgの濾液を排出する操作を5回繰り返すことで、シリカ系中空粒子のMIBK分散体(ゾル)を20kg調製した(有機溶媒の置換)。計5回の操作における濾液の平均透過流速は70kg/m2/時間であり、計5回の操作の合計所要時間は4時間であった。 Thereafter, 14 kg of methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) is added to this aqueous dispersion, and concentration is performed using an ultrafiltration membrane at 50 ° C., a circulation flow rate of 50 liters / minute, and a pressure of 1 kg / cm 2 , and 14 kg of the filtrate is discharged. By repeating the operation 5 times, 20 kg of silica-based hollow particle MIBK dispersion (sol) was prepared (substitution of organic solvent). The average permeation flow rate of the filtrate in a total of 5 operations was 70 kg / m 2 / hour, and the total time required for the total of 5 operations was 4 hours.
得られたシリカ系中空粒子分散体を透過型電子顕微鏡にて観察したところ、平均粒子径が100nmであり、平均シェル厚が5nmの中空粒子であることが確認された。また、得られたゾルは流動性を有することを確認した。 When the obtained silica-based hollow particle dispersion was observed with a transmission electron microscope, it was confirmed to be hollow particles having an average particle diameter of 100 nm and an average shell thickness of 5 nm. The obtained sol was confirmed to have fluidity.
2.3.実施例3
コロイド状炭酸カルシウム5.9kg(炭酸カルシウム濃度15.4質量%)にメタノール13.8kgおよび28質量%のアンモニア水溶液0.8kgを加え攪拌して水系分散体を調製した。次に、この水系分散体にテトラエトキシシラン0.34kgおよびメチルトリメトキシシラン3.5gを滴下し、室温にて3時間攪拌を行った(シリカ系被覆層の形成)。次いで、この水系分散体に10質量%の硝酸4.1kgを加え1時間攪拌を行った(炭酸カルシウムの除去)。その後、この水/メタノール系分散体に水14kgを加え、50℃にて循環流量50リットル/分、圧力1kg/cm2で限外濾過膜を用いて濃縮を行い、14kgの濾液を排出する操作を3回繰り返すことで、シリカ系中空粒子の水分散体(ゾル)を20kg調製した。この水系分散体にアンモニア水をpHが11になるまで加え、オートクレーブで180℃、3時間加熱処理を行った(シリカ系被覆層の緻密化)。
2.3. Example 3
An aqueous dispersion was prepared by adding 13.8 kg of methanol and 0.8 kg of an aqueous 28 mass% ammonia solution to 5.9 kg of colloidal calcium carbonate (calcium carbonate concentration of 15.4 mass%) and stirring. Next, 0.34 kg of tetraethoxysilane and 3.5 g of methyltrimethoxysilane were added dropwise to this aqueous dispersion and stirred at room temperature for 3 hours (formation of a silica-based coating layer). Subsequently, 4.1 kg of nitric acid of 10% by mass was added to this aqueous dispersion and stirred for 1 hour (removal of calcium carbonate). Thereafter, 14 kg of water is added to this water / methanol dispersion, and concentrated using an ultrafiltration membrane at a circulating flow rate of 50 liters / minute and a pressure of 1 kg / cm 2 at 50 ° C., and 14 kg of filtrate is discharged. Was repeated three times to prepare 20 kg of an aqueous dispersion (sol) of silica-based hollow particles. Aqueous ammonia was added to the aqueous dispersion until the pH reached 11, and heat treatment was performed in an autoclave at 180 ° C. for 3 hours (densification of the silica-based coating layer).
その後、この水系分散体にメチルイソブチルケトン(MIBK)14kgを加え、50℃にて循環流量50リットル/分、圧力1kg/cm2で限外濾過膜を用いて濃縮を行い、14kgの濾液を排出する操作を5回繰り返すことで、シリカ系中空粒子のMIBK分散体(ゾル)を20kg調製した(有機溶媒の置換)。計5回の操作における濾液の平均透過流速は70kg/m2/時間であり、計5回の操作の合計所要時間は4時間であった。 Thereafter, 14 kg of methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) was added to this aqueous dispersion, and the mixture was concentrated using an ultrafiltration membrane at 50 ° C. with a circulation flow rate of 50 liters / minute and a pressure of 1 kg / cm 2 , and 14 kg of filtrate was discharged. By repeating this operation five times, 20 kg of silica-based hollow particle MIBK dispersion (sol) was prepared (substitution of organic solvent). The average permeation flow rate of the filtrate in a total of 5 operations was 70 kg / m 2 / hour, and the total time required for the total of 5 operations was 4 hours.
得られたシリカ系中空粒子分散体を透過型電子顕微鏡にて観察したところ、平均粒子径が100nmであり、平均シェル厚が5nmの中空粒子であることが確認された。また、得られたゾルは流動性を有することを確認した。 When the obtained silica-based hollow particle dispersion was observed with a transmission electron microscope, it was confirmed to be hollow particles having an average particle diameter of 100 nm and an average shell thickness of 5 nm. The obtained sol was confirmed to have fluidity.
2.4.比較例1
コロイド状炭酸カルシウム5.9kg(炭酸カルシウム濃度15.4質量%)にメタノール13.8kgおよび28質量%のアンモニア水溶液0.8kgを加え攪拌して水系分散体を調製した。次に、この水系分散体にテトラエトキシシラン0.35kgを滴下し、室温にて3時間攪拌を行った(シリカ系被覆層の形成)。次いで、この水系分散体に10質量%の硝酸4.1kgを加え1時間攪拌を行った(炭酸カルシウムの除去)。その後、この水/メタノール系分散体に水14kgを加え、50℃にて循環流量50リットル/分、圧力1kg/cm2で限外濾過膜を用いて濃縮を行い、14kgの濾液を排出する操作を3回繰り返すことで、シリカ系中空粒子の水分散体(ゾル)を20kg調製した。この水系分散体にアンモニア水をpHが11になるまで加え、オートクレーブで180℃、3時間加熱処理を行った(シリカ系被覆層の緻密化)。
2.4. Comparative Example 1
An aqueous dispersion was prepared by adding 13.8 kg of methanol and 0.8 kg of an aqueous 28 mass% ammonia solution to 5.9 kg of colloidal calcium carbonate (calcium carbonate concentration of 15.4 mass%) and stirring. Next, 0.35 kg of tetraethoxysilane was added dropwise to this aqueous dispersion, followed by stirring at room temperature for 3 hours (formation of a silica-based coating layer). Subsequently, 4.1 kg of nitric acid of 10% by mass was added to this aqueous dispersion and stirred for 1 hour (removal of calcium carbonate). Thereafter, 14 kg of water is added to this water / methanol dispersion, and concentrated using an ultrafiltration membrane at a circulating flow rate of 50 liters / minute and a pressure of 1 kg / cm 2 at 50 ° C., and 14 kg of filtrate is discharged. Was repeated three times to prepare 20 kg of an aqueous dispersion (sol) of silica-based hollow particles. Aqueous ammonia was added to the aqueous dispersion until the pH reached 11, and heat treatment was performed in an autoclave at 180 ° C. for 3 hours (densification of the silica-based coating layer).
その後、この水系分散体にメチルイソブチルケトン(MIBK)14kgを加え、50℃にて循環流量50リットル/分、圧力1kg/cm2で限外濾過膜を用いて濃縮を行い、14kgの濾液を排出する操作を5回繰り返すことで、シリカ系中空粒子のMIBK分散体(ゾル)を20kg調製した(有機溶媒の置換)。計5回の操作における濾液の平均透過流速は70kg/m2/時間であり、計5回の操作の合計所要時間は4時間であった。得られたゾルは流動性を失っていた。 Thereafter, 14 kg of methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) was added to this aqueous dispersion, and the mixture was concentrated using an ultrafiltration membrane at 50 ° C. with a circulation flow rate of 50 liters / minute and a pressure of 1 kg / cm 2 , and 14 kg of filtrate was discharged. By repeating this operation five times, 20 kg of silica-based hollow particle MIBK dispersion (sol) was prepared (substitution of organic solvent). The average permeation flow rate of the filtrate in a total of 5 operations was 70 kg / m 2 / hour, and the total time required for the total of 5 operations was 4 hours. The obtained sol had lost fluidity.
以上により、本発明のシリカ系中空粒子の製造方法によれば、有機溶媒中での分散性に優れている。 As mentioned above, according to the manufacturing method of the silica type hollow particle of this invention, it is excellent in the dispersibility in an organic solvent.
Claims (7)
(a)炭酸カルシウム粒子および第1の有機溶媒を含有する分散体中で、下記一般式(1)で表される少なくとも1種の化合物及び下記一般式(2)で表される少なくとも1種の化合物を加水分解縮合して、前記炭酸カルシウム粒子を被覆するシリカ系被覆層を形成する工程、
(b)前記シリカ系被覆層が形成された炭酸カルシウム粒子から炭酸カルシウムの一部または全部を除去する工程、
(c)前記シリカ系被覆層を緻密化してシリカ系中空粒子を得る工程、および
(d)前記第1の有機溶媒を第2の有機溶媒に置換する工程
Si(OR1)4 ・・・・・(1)
(式中、R1は1価の有機基を示す。)
R2Si(OR3)4−d ・・・・・(2)
(式中、R2、R3は独立して1価の有機基を表し、dは1〜3の整数を示す。) A method for producing a silica-based hollow particle dispersion, comprising the following steps (a) to (d).
(A) In a dispersion containing calcium carbonate particles and a first organic solvent, at least one compound represented by the following general formula (1) and at least one compound represented by the following general formula (2) A step of hydrolyzing and condensing the compound to form a silica-based coating layer covering the calcium carbonate particles;
(B) removing part or all of calcium carbonate from the calcium carbonate particles on which the silica-based coating layer is formed;
(C) a step of densifying the silica-based coating layer to obtain silica-based hollow particles; and (d) a step of replacing the first organic solvent with a second organic solvent. Si (OR 1 ) 4 ...・ (1)
(In the formula, R 1 represents a monovalent organic group.)
R 2 Si (OR 3 ) 4-d (2)
(In the formula, R 2 and R 3 independently represent a monovalent organic group, and d represents an integer of 1 to 3. )
前記工程(a)において、上記一般式(1)で表される少なくとも1種の化合物70〜99.9モル%および上記一般式(2)で表される少なくとも1種の化合物0.1〜30モル%を使用する、シリカ系中空粒子分散体の製造方法。 In claim 1,
In the step (a), at least one compound 70 to 99.9 mol% represented by the general formula (1) and at least one compound 0.1 to 30 represented by the general formula (2) are used. A method for producing a silica-based hollow particle dispersion using mol%.
前記第1の有機溶媒は親水性有機溶媒である、シリカ系中空粒子分散体の製造方法。 In claim 1 or 2,
The method for producing a silica-based hollow particle dispersion, wherein the first organic solvent is a hydrophilic organic solvent.
前記第2の有機溶媒は疎水性有機溶媒である、シリカ系中空粒子分散体の製造方法。 In any one of Claims 1-3,
The method for producing a silica-based hollow particle dispersion, wherein the second organic solvent is a hydrophobic organic solvent.
前記工程(d)は、限外濾過膜を用いて前記工程(a)〜(c)で得られた分散体を濾過することにより行われる、シリカ系中空粒子分散体の製造方法。 In any one of Claims 1-4,
The said process (d) is a manufacturing method of the silica type hollow particle dispersion performed by filtering the dispersion obtained by the said process (a)-(c) using an ultrafiltration membrane.
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KR102087011B1 (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2020-03-10 | 한국산업기술대학교산학협력단 | Method for producing Hollow silica particles with TiO2 shell |
JP7539793B2 (en) | 2020-06-12 | 2024-08-26 | 株式会社日本触媒 | Method for producing hollow silica particles |
CN114620737A (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2022-06-14 | 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 | Hollow silicon dioxide and preparation method and application thereof |
CN114620737B (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2023-09-15 | 深圳先进电子材料国际创新研究院 | Hollow silicon dioxide and preparation method and application thereof |
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