JP2008232309A - Roller bearing - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a roller bearing with ease of assembly, in which an outer ring deformed from a cylindrical shape, which cannot be used normally, can be used as it is. <P>SOLUTION: The roller bearing 1 has the outer ring 20. The outer ring 20 has a raceway surface receiving rollers 4 and formed to its inner circumferential face, the outer ring is circumferentially divided into two divided pieces 2, 3, and the divided pieces 2, 3 are combined to form a cylindrical shape of the outer ring 20. Each of the divided pieces 2, 3 is formed by cutting and dividing cylinder material constituting the outer ring 20 in an axial direction. The outer ring 20 has an elastic member 10 installed in between opposed division surfaces, which are formed at both ends in a circumferential direction of each of the divided pieces 2, 3. The opposed division surfaces are offset by the elastic member 10 in a circumferential direction, so that they form the cylindrical shape of the outer ring. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a roller bearing.

  In general, for example, a large end portion of a connecting rod (hereinafter referred to as a connecting rod) that is a connecting rod that connects a piston and a crankshaft in an engine is coupled to the crankshaft with a bearing interposed therebetween. For the bearing, for example, a split bearing ring (outer ring) divided into two parts is used due to the characteristics of the crankshaft.

By the way, when the divided bearing rings are formed in a straight line, the divided bearing rings are liable to be displaced in the axial direction at the time of assembly and are not handled well. For this reason, it is desired to be a split surface that is curved or bent, for example, in an S shape with respect to the axial direction. Then, the technique of patent document 1 forms the recess which induces a split in the outer peripheral surface of a bearing ring, presses a bearing ring with a pressurization jig aiming at the recess, and along a recess. A dividing method for dividing into two divided pieces is disclosed. Moreover, the technique of patent document 2 is disclosing the method of curving the strip | belt-shaped metal plate which makes an uneven | corrugated shape in the length direction at an edge part, and forming a semicircle-shaped division piece.
JP 54-163247 A JP 2005-337352 A

  However, the split machining is unstable and difficult to control and form the same dividing surface. For example, even if a defect occurs only on one side, it cannot be compensated for by another and the cost is high. turn into. On the other hand, by cutting the end portion in the form of a strip-shaped metal plate, the split surface can be obtained in a desired shape that is less likely to be displaced in the axial direction, but the metal plate can be curved into a semicircular shape It is complicated.

  Therefore, a method of forming the split bearing ring by cutting rather than splitting the bearing ring is conceivable. However, as shown in FIG. 9 (9-1), for example, when the circular bearing ring 100 is cut along the straight line U by wire-cut electric discharge machining or the like, the bearing ring 100 is divided into two divided pieces 101 and 101. (See FIG. 9 (9-2)), but at this time, the part to be cut 101 a is scraped off by the wire. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9 (9-3), when the two divided pieces 101, 101 are combined again, the cut portion 101a disappears, so that the elliptical shape distorted from the shape of the bearing ring 100 before the division is obtained. turn into. Since it cannot hold | maintain in the state which combined the two division | segmentation pieces 101 and 101, there is a dilemma that an outer peripheral surface cannot be grind | polished circularly and cannot be used as an outer ring | wheel of a roller bearing in this state. .

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a roller bearing that is easy to assemble and that can use an outer ring having a shape deformed from a cylindrical shape that cannot be normally used as it is. It is in.

Means for Solving the Problems and Effects of the Invention

In order to solve the above problems, the roller bearing of the present invention is
A roller bearing including an outer ring that has a raceway surface that receives a roller on an inner peripheral surface, is divided into two in the circumferential direction, and is formed into a cylindrical shape by combining these divided pieces,
The divided piece is formed by being divided by cutting a cylindrical material that constitutes the outer ring in the axial direction,
The outer ring has an elastic member loaded between the divided surfaces formed at both ends in the circumferential direction of each divided piece. The opposed divided surfaces are offset in the circumferential direction by the elastic member to form a cylinder. It is formed into a shape.

  According to the above-mentioned present invention, the elastic member is loaded between the divided surfaces opposed to each other in the pair of divided pieces. For example, as described above, the cutting allowance is eliminated by the cutting process, and the distortion generated when the pair of divided pieces is combined can be compensated by the elastic member, for example, when the cylindrical shape before cutting is not obtained even when combined again. That is, the outer ring can be formed in a cylindrical shape by offsetting the opposing divided surfaces in the circumferential direction by the elastic member. As a result, a simple structure in which an elastic member is formed at the end of the divided piece, and it becomes possible to perform cutting as the dividing means, and a roller bearing including an outer ring divided into two having a divided surface with a degree of freedom is obtained. Is possible.

  In addition, since the elastic member is loaded between the opposing split surfaces, for example, when the outer ring (roller bearing) is mounted inside the predetermined mounting location (housing), the elastic member is urged so as to expand the split piece. Thus, it can be assembled flexibly so that a clearance is not formed between the outer ring and the housing. As a result, there is no clearance between the outer ring and the housing, and the roller bearing can be used without any noise or vibration due to the damping effect of the elastic member.

  Further, the outer ring of the roller bearing is formed by dividing the cylindrical material into substantially the same semi-cylindrical shape, and the elastic members are individually loaded between the two divided surfaces facing each other in the circumferential direction. In addition, the elastic members can hold the divided surfaces arranged opposite to each other at the two positions so as to be equal to each other. As a result, the space between the opposing divided surfaces is held equally, so that the pair of divided pieces have a symmetrical form with respect to the straight line passing through the elastic member, and stress concentration due to the rollers can be suppressed or prevented.

  Further, the outer ring is formed by being divided by a dividing line in which a cylindrical material meanders or bends with a predetermined swing width in the axial direction, and an elastic member can be loaded along the dividing line. As a result, since the split pieces having split surfaces that meander or bend with a predetermined swing width in the axial direction are combined, it is difficult for axial displacement to occur, and the elastic member can be easily arranged. As a result, the two divided pieces can be held in an integrated state via the elastic member, and workability such as carrying and assembling is improved.

  Further, the elastic member in the outer ring of the roller bearing can be arranged so as not to bulge radially inward from the raceway surface of the outer ring. Accordingly, the elastic member does not interfere with the rolling of the roller, and can smoothly roll even when the roller passes through the position of the facing divided surface. In addition, it is possible to suppress or prevent the generation of abnormal noise and vibration caused by friction or catching of the roller by the elastic member.

  Embodiments of a roller bearing according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view showing an example of a roller bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention and an exploded perspective view partially omitted. FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing a state in which the roller bearing is assembled between a crankshaft and a connecting rod large end. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the assembled state in FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the outer ring, XX cross-sectional view and YY cross-sectional view, and FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion Z in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the roller bearing 1 includes a pair of divided pieces 2 and 3 having a substantially half-tube shape divided into two in the circumferential direction, and elastic members 10 and 10 loaded between the divided pieces 2 and 3. And a plurality of rollers 4 arranged inside the outer ring 20 and having the inner peripheral surface of the pair of divided pieces 2 and 3 as raceway surfaces, and each roller. And a pair of cages 5 and 6 having a semi-cylindrical shape for holding 4. The cages 5 and 6 are provided with a plurality of pocket portions P penetrating inward and outward in the radial direction at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, and the rollers 4 are accommodated in the pocket portions P, respectively.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the roller bearing 1 divided into two parts is used when the connecting rod 9 is coupled to a crankshaft 7 including a crank journal 71, a crankpin 72, a counterweight 73, etc. in an engine of a vehicle such as an automobile. Used for. That is, it is used when an integral bearing that is press-fitted from the axial direction and disposed at the mounting location cannot be used. Specifically, it is interposed between the large end portion 9B of the connecting rod 9 and the crank pin 72 (see FIG. 3). The connecting rod 9 is a connecting rod that connects the crankshaft 7 and the piston 8, and plays a role of converting the reciprocating motion of the piston 8 into the rotational motion of the crankshaft 7.

  The connecting rod 9 includes a large end 9B coupled to the crankpin 72 (crankshaft 7) and a small end (not shown) coupled to the piston 8 at both ends. The connecting rod 9 includes a small end portion (not shown), a part of the large end portion 9B, a main body portion 91 including a rod 9R for connecting them, a cap portion 92 that forms the remainder of the large end portion 9B, and a cap. And a nut 93 for fixing the portion 92 to the main body portion 91. A bolt 91 b corresponding to the nut 93 is formed in the main body portion 91 and is fastened through a bolt insertion hole 92 b formed in the cap portion 92.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the large end 9B is combined with a substantially semicircular recess 91a provided in the main body 91 and a substantially semicircular recess 92a provided in the cap 92. In this state, the roller bearing 1 is held. That is, the outer ring 20 constituted by the pair of split pieces 2 and 3 rotates integrally with the connecting rod 9, and the crank pin 72 is connected as an inner ring so as to be relatively rotatable.

  Next, the outer ring 20 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. The upper divided piece in the figure will be described as the first divided piece 2, and the lower divided piece will be described as the second divided piece 3. As shown in FIG. 4A, the outer ring 20 is formed by the first and second divided pieces 2 and 3 having substantially the same semi-cylindrical shape as described above. The first and second divided pieces 2 and 3 are formed by dividing a bearing ring (cylindrical material) 100 constituting the outer ring 20 in the axial direction (see FIG. 9).

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4B, the outer ring 20 is loaded between the divided surfaces 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b formed at the opposite ends in the circumferential direction of the divided pieces 2, 3, respectively. The elastic members 10 and 10 are provided. The outer ring 20 is formed into a cylindrical shape as a whole by offsetting the divided surfaces 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b facing each other by the elastic members 10, 10. That is, in the outer ring 20, the first and second divided pieces 2, 3 have both end surfaces in the circumferential direction, specifically, the divided surfaces 2 a, 2 b in the first divided piece 2 and the divided surface 3 b in the second divided piece 3. , 3a are arranged opposite to each other in a palm-like state and combined to form a cylindrical shape.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 4A, the first and second divided pieces 2 and 3 are non-linear dividing lines (first lines) that meander or bend with a predetermined swing width in the axial direction (axis O1). It is formed by being divided by a dividing line L1 and a second dividing line L2). Thereby, the shift | offset | difference with respect to the axial direction at the time of an assembly | attachment can be suppressed or prevented effectively. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4C, the second dividing line L2 has an inverted N shape (S) including vertices P and Q one above and below the axis O1 when viewed from the Y direction. (Shape). On the other hand, the first parting line L1 is formed so as to be point symmetric at the center of the second parting line L2 and the outer ring 20. Thereby, two can be shared. Note that the dividing lines L1 and L2 are not limited to this, and for example, one can protrude in the circumferential direction so that each dividing line has a V shape, and the other can be formed to be recessed. Then, the elastic members 10, 10 are loaded between the divided surfaces along the dividing line.

  As shown in FIG. 4B, the outer ring 20 is formed such that the length of the diameter D parallel to the straight line O2 is longer than the diameter d parallel to the straight line O3 (for example, the elastic members 10, 10). The thickness width w is set to be larger than the cutting allowance scraped off during cutting). Accordingly, the outer ring 20 is attached to the connecting rod large end portion 9B in a state in which it is preloaded by the action of the elastic members 10, 10. That is, when the outer ring 20 (the roller bearing 1) is attached to the connecting rod large end portion 9B or the like (see FIG. 3), the opposed dividing surfaces relatively press the elastic members 10, 10 in the direction of the straight line O2. The cylinder is compressed to have a cylindrical shape (a perfect circular shape in a side view) in which the diameter D and the diameter d are equal in length. As a result, the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 20 can be attached to the inside of the connecting rod large end portion 9B in surface contact without clearance.

  The elastic member 10 is individually loaded at two places in the circumferential direction of the outer ring 20. The elastic members 10 and 10 are equal in thickness width w. Therefore, the interval between the divided surfaces arranged opposite to each other is kept equal to each other. As a result, even when it is attached to the connecting rod large end portion 9B or the like, a preload is evenly applied and stabilized.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the elastic members 10, 10 do not bulge radially inward from the inner peripheral surfaces 2c, 3c (track surface) of the first and second divided pieces 2, 3 (outer ring 20). Has been placed. That is, the inner peripheral surface 10a of the elastic member 10 is disposed at a position deeper outside in the radial direction than the raceway surface, and does not bulge radially inward from the raceway surface even in the compressed state described above. Has been placed. Thereby, when a roller rolls, damage to the elastic member 10 can be prevented, without contacting the elastic member 10 inferior in strength. In addition, since the inner peripheral surface 10a of the elastic member 10 is located at a position recessed from the raceway surface, when a corresponding gap (step) is formed between the divided surfaces facing the raceway surface, the inner peripheral surface and You may chamfer a connection part with a division surface. Thereby, the roller 4 can roll smoothly on the clearance gap.

  FIG. 7 is a view showing another example corresponding to FIG. 5, and as shown in FIG. 7, the divided surface neighboring portions 2 d, 3 d of the first and second divided pieces 2, 3 are the raceway surfaces ( The inner peripheral surfaces 2c and 3c) can be formed in a thin-walled shape so as to be deeper outside in the radial direction. Also in this case, the roller 4 rolls smoothly and the elastic member 10 can be prevented from being damaged.

  The elastic member 10 is made of an elastic body such as rubber or elastomer, and the shape thereof is formed along the dividing lines L1 and L2 along which the bearing ring is cut. In particular, an elastic body rich in elasticity in the circumferential direction of the outer ring 20 is suitable. is there. In the present embodiment, it is formed in an N shape (S shape) including two vertices (see FIG. 1B).

  FIG. 8 is a view showing another example of the outer ring corresponding to FIG. 1 (b). As shown in FIG. 8 (a), the elastic member 10 is located between the opposed divided surfaces 2a and 3b. Although it may be simply arranged, it can be integrally formed on one of the divided surfaces 2a and 3b of the divided pieces 2 and 3 by a method such as vulcanization adhesion. When the elastic member is integrated with the split piece of the outer ring, the handleability when assembling the bearing is improved. Further, as shown in FIG. 8B, the elastic member 10 is divided, for example, so as to have the same thickness, and each of them is vulcanized and bonded to both sides of the divided surfaces 2a, 3b of the divided pieces 2, 3. It is also possible to arrange so as to relatively press the elastic member formed integrally and separated. Thus, workability, such as assembling, is improved by forming the elastic member at the end (divided surface) of the divided piece.

  In this embodiment, the roller bearing housing has been described as a connecting rod. For example, when aluminum or the like is used as the material of the housing and iron is used as the material of the outer ring (roller bearing), the thermal expansion of both of them is used. It is particularly effective to load (interpose) an elastic member between the divided surfaces facing each other when the rates are greatly different because the difference in thermal expansion and contraction can be absorbed. That is, since the thermal expansion coefficient between aluminum and iron is significantly different in the operating temperature range of -40 degrees to 120 degrees, radial clearance occurs between the roller bearing and the housing due to the thermal expansion or contraction. However, there is a risk of causing abnormal noise and vibration, but the change (generation) of the radial clearance can be suppressed by the elastic force of the elastic member.

  Next, a modified example of the roller bearing of the embodiment described above will be described with reference to FIG. Note that FIG. 6 corresponds to FIG. 4C, and in the following description, portions different from the above-described embodiment will be mainly described, and overlapping portions will be denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted or simplified. . As shown in FIG. 6 (a), the outer ring 200 has a split surface 20b, 30a opposed to the split line L2 that is meandering or bent with a predetermined swing width in the axial direction (axis O1). Yes. Also in this case, since the elastic member 11 is loaded between the opposed divided surfaces 20b and 30a, the outer ring 200 can be formed in a cylindrical shape as a whole.

  As shown in FIG. 6B, the outer ring 300 is cut along a dividing line L2 that meanders or bends with a predetermined swing width in the axial direction (axis O1), and a part of one dividing surface 21b. Is cut away in the circumferential direction. The elastic members 12, 12 are loaded between the dividing surface 21b other than the notch and the dividing surface 31a facing the dividing surface 21b. Also in this case, the outer ring 300 can be formed in a cylindrical shape as a whole. That is, the elastic member can be set freely without depending on the shape of the dividing surface.

  In addition, in this invention, it is not limited to the said Example, It can also be set as the Example variously changed within the range of this invention according to the objective and the use.

The side view which shows an example of the roller bearing which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and the disassembled perspective view which abbreviate | omitted one part. The exploded perspective view which shows the state which incorporates a roller bearing between a crankshaft and a connecting rod large end part. Sectional drawing which shows the state assembled in FIG. The perspective view of an outer ring | wheel, XX sectional drawing, and YY sectional drawing. FIG. 5 is a Z partial cross-sectional view in FIG. 4. Sectional drawing which shows the outer ring | wheel which concerns on the modification corresponding to FIG.4 (c). The figure which shows another example corresponding to FIG. The figure which shows another example of the outer ring | wheel corresponding to FIG.1 (b). The figure which shows the cutting process of a bearing ring.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Roller bearing 2 1st division | segmentation piece 3 2nd division | segmentation piece 4 Roller 5,6 Cage 10 Elastic member 20 Two division | segmentation outer ring (outer ring)
O1 axis

Claims (4)

A roller bearing including an outer ring that has a raceway surface that receives a roller on an inner peripheral surface, is divided into two in the circumferential direction, and is formed into a cylindrical shape by combining these divided pieces,
The divided piece is formed by being divided by cutting a cylindrical material that constitutes the outer ring in the axial direction,
The outer ring has an elastic member loaded between the divided surfaces formed at both ends in the circumferential direction of each divided piece. The opposed divided surfaces are offset in the circumferential direction by the elastic member. A roller bearing characterized by being formed in a cylindrical shape.   The outer ring is formed by dividing the cylindrical material into substantially equal semi-cylindrical shapes, and the elastic members are individually loaded between the divided surfaces disposed at two locations in the circumferential direction. 2. The roller bearing according to claim 1, wherein the elastic members are held so that the distance between the divided surfaces opposed to each other at the two locations is equal to each other.   The said outer ring | wheel is divided | segmented and formed by the dividing line in which the said cylindrical raw material meanders or bends with a predetermined swing width in an axial direction, The said elastic member is loaded along the dividing line. Roller bearings.   4. The roller bearing according to claim 1, wherein the elastic member is disposed so as not to bulge radially inward from the raceway surface of the outer ring. 5.

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