JP2008231699A - Percussive penetration testing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a percussive penetration testing apparatus for investigating the strength of a ground by penetrating a rod into the ground by hammering. <P>SOLUTION: This percussive penetration testing apparatus comprises a rebound detection sensor 50 for detecting the rebound of a hammer 44 occurring when the penetration rod 2 is hammered by a hammer 44. The moving speed of an endless chain 35 is reduced by a rebound detection signal. Therefore, when the strength of the ground is large and the rebound of the hammer 44 occurs, it is detected by the rebound detection sensor 50. When the rebound is detected, the moving speed of the endless chain 35 is reduced, and the timing at which a locking member 37 is engaged with a claw 45 fitted to the hammer 44 is retarded. When the rebound of the hammer 44 ceases and the locking member 37 is engaged with the claw 45, there occurs no falling of the claw 45 by the rebound, and the locking member 37can be engaged with the claw 45 without applying impact thereto. The percussive penetration testing device is formed of: the hammer 44 of predetermined weight, which is guided by guide rails 43 in an ascendable/descendable manner; a penetration rod 2 which is penetrated into the ground when an impact by the hammer 44 is applied thereto; an engaging member 37 which is movable in parallel with the ascending/descending direction of the hammer 44; a claw 48 which is rotatably arranged at the hammer 44, and engageable with the rising engaging member 37; and canceling members 38 which are arranged on a rising path of the hammer 44 for rotating the claw 48 to cancel the engagement with the engaging member 37. The hammer 44 has a lower block 46, and an upper block 47 connected to the lower block 46 via a cushioning mechanism 50, and functions to rotatably support the claw 48 on the upper block 47. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a striking penetrating test apparatus for striking a penetrating rod having a penetrating cone at the tip and penetrating it into the ground to investigate ground strength.

  Conventionally, as an impact penetrating test apparatus, an automatic penetrating tester disclosed in Patent Document 1 is known. This automatic penetration tester is a hammer that can move along a standing guide rod, a penetration rod that is placed under this hammer and penetrates into the ground by hammering, and is parallel to the movement direction of the hammer. And an endless belt chain that can rotate in the vertical direction. The hammer is provided with a locking portion provided so as to be able to expand, and three lifting tools are arranged at equal intervals on the chain. One end of the locking part is located in the moving path of the lifting tool, and is configured so that the hammer is lifted by being locked by the lifting tool that moves with the circulation feed in the vertical direction of the chain. . In addition, a release member is provided on the moving path of the locking portion, and as described above, the locking member comes into contact with the rising locking portion and rotates to release the engagement with the lifting tool. It is configured to fall under its own weight.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6-49611

  In the conventional automatic penetration testing machine, when the hammer gives a striking force to the penetration rod, if the strength of the ground is large, the rebound due to the impact becomes large. Therefore, the falling speed of the hammer at the time of rebound increases, and when the lifting tool engages with the hammer locking tool, not only the lifting tool or the locking tool breaks, but also the locking tool The drive source that circulates the feed also has an impact, which causes problems such as damage.

  The present invention has been created in view of the above problems, a hammer guided so as to be movable up and down, a penetrating rod that penetrates into the ground by being hit by the hammer, and a claw provided in the hammer so as to be retractable A striking penetration test comprising: a locking member coupled to an endless circulation moving member so as to move a position engageable with the claw; and a release member provided on the movement path of the claw to retreat the claw. The apparatus is provided with a rebound detection sensor that detects rebound of a hammer when striking the penetrating rod, and is configured to control the moving speed of the endless circulation moving member by the rebound detection of the rebound detection sensor. Features.

  When the rebound detection sensor detects the stop of the hammer, the moving speed of the endless circulating moving member may be restored. The endless circulation moving member may be configured to be circulated and fed so as to reach a position immediately before the locking member engages with the claw while the hammer strikes the penetrating rod.

  According to the impact penetrating test apparatus of the present invention, when the hammer strikes the penetrating rod, if the strength of the ground is large, the hammer rebound becomes large, and this is detected by the rebound detection sensor. By the rebound detection of the rebound detection sensor, the moving speed of the endless circulation moving member is controlled, and the engagement timing between the locking member fixed to the endless circulation member and the claw integrated with the hammer is delayed. During this time, the rebound of the hammer converges, and when the locking member engages the claw integral with the hammer, the claw is in a stopped state. Therefore, the engaging member can be engaged with the claw without receiving an impact, and the hammer can be raised smoothly.

  Further, when the rebound detection sensor detects the stop of the hammer, the moving speed of the endless circulating moving member is restored, so that the next hammering can be performed with substantially the same cycle time. Further, since the endless circulation moving member is circulated and fed so as to reach a position immediately before the engaging member engages with the claw while the hammer hits the penetrating rod, the hammer can always be raised at the same timing.

Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, reference numeral 1 denotes an impact penetrating test apparatus, which comprises a base unit 10 and an impact unit 20 mounted on the base unit 10. The base unit 10 includes a base 10
The first support column 11 is erected on a, and an elevator platform 12 is guided on the first support column 11 so as to be movable up and down. A sprocket 13 is rotatably provided on the lifting platform 12 so as to be positioned on the back side of the first support column 11. The sprocket 13 is fixed to the back surface of the first support column 11 so as to extend linearly in the vertical direction. Is engaged with the chain member 11a.
The sprocket 13 is connected to a unit elevating motor 14 via a clutch mechanism (not shown) incorporating a powder clutch (not shown) and a one-way clutch (not shown).
And is configured to be rotated by receiving the drive of the unit elevating motor 14. The one-way clutch (not shown) drives the unit elevating motor 14 when the unit elevating motor 14 is driven to rotate the sprocket 13 in the direction in which the elevating platform 12 is raised (this driving is hereinafter referred to as a positive drive). Is transmitted to the sprocket 13, and the unit elevating motor 14 is idled when it is driven in reverse (hereinafter, this drive is referred to as reverse drive). The powder clutch (not shown) is a clutch that can stably generate a rotational resistance corresponding to the excitation voltage by exciting the enclosed magnetic powder. The powder clutch (not shown) is interposed between the drive shaft of the unit lifting motor 14 and the drive shaft on the sprocket 13 side, and controls the torque transmitted from the unit lifting motor 14 to the sprocket 13 side. It is configured. Since the unit lifting motor 14 includes a lock mechanism that fixes the drive shaft when driving is stopped, the position of the lifting platform 12 is held when the unit lifting motor 14 is stopped.

  The hitting unit 20 includes an elevator unit 30 and a hammer unit 40. The elevator unit 30 includes a table 31 that is detachably fixed on the lifting platform 12, and a second column 32 is erected on the table 31. The second support column 32 has a hollow portion 32a having an opening on the front side in the longitudinal direction, and a driven sprocket shaft 33a having a driven sprocket 33 is disposed on the upper portion of the hollow portion 32a. A drive sprocket shaft 34a having a drive sprocket 34 is disposed below the hollow portion 32a. An endless chain 35 as an example of an endless circulation moving member is wound around the drive sprockets 33 and 34. Meshed. An output shaft (not shown) of a hammer operating motor 36 provided on the table 31 is connected to the drive sprocket shaft 34a, so that an endless chain 35 wound around the drive sprockets 33 and 34 circulates. It is configured to be sent. Further, locking members 37 are integrally fixed to the endless chain 35 on both sides thereof, and these locking members 37 are configured to engage with and raise the claws 45 described later. ing.

  A release member 38 is disposed in the cavity 32 a of the second support column 32 at a position close to the moving path of the endless chain 35 and on the moving path of the claw 45. The release member 38 is configured to rotate the claw 45 that rises as the locking member 37 rises in a retracting direction to release the engagement between the locking member 37 and the claw 45.

  On the other hand, the hammer unit 40 has a guide sleeve 41 that can be inserted into the table 31 via a bearing base 40a and is mounted so as to pass through the elevating table 12. A knocking head 42 is provided at the upper end of the guide sleeve 41. Is fixed. A hole 42a is provided in the lower surface of the knocking head 42. The male screw 2a provided at the upper end of the penetration rod 2 is located in the hole 42a, and the stepped portion of the penetration rod 2 is the knocking head. It is comprised so that it may contact | abut to the lower surface of 42. Further, a female screw portion (not shown) is formed at the lower end of the penetrating rod 2, and a male screw portion of the penetrating rod (not shown) having the same structure is screwed into the screw portion and the penetrating rod 2. Is configured to be able to be added. Since the penetrating cone 2b is coupled to the penetrating rod 2 at the lowermost end, a hemispherical protrusion (not shown) is coupled to the female thread portion, and a hemispherical shape provided on the penetrating cone 2b. The penetrating rod 2 can be easily detached from the penetrating cone 2b penetrating into the ground at the end of the penetrating test by engaging with a hole (not shown).

  The hammer unit 40 has a pair of guide rails 43, 43 erected so as to sandwich the knocking head 42, and the hammer 44 is movable up and down above the knocking head 42 on the guide rails 43, 43. Guided. The hammer 44 includes an upper block 44a guided by the guide rail 43, a lower block 44b that holds the upper block 44a by a buffer mechanism (not shown), and a striking block 44c fixed to the lower block 44b. . The hammer 44 has a mass of 30 kg and is configured to transmit a sufficient striking force to the penetrating rod 2 when striking the knocking head 42. Further, a claw 45 is pivotally supported by the upper block 44a so as to rotate and retreat, and the tip of the claw 45 is divided into two with a gap through which the endless chain can pass. Further, the claw 45 is pressed by the plunger 46 and protrudes on the moving path of the locking member 37, and is locked to the locking member 37 so as to be raised. In addition, the pawl 45 is configured to abut on the release member 38 and rotate while being raised, so that the engagement with the locking member 37 is released and the hammer 44 is dropped by its own weight.

  The unit elevating motor 14 is configured to be driven positively while an ascending command signal is output from an operation unit (not shown), and to rotate the sprocket 13 at a low speed in the direction in which the elevating platform 12 is raised. Further, the unit elevating motor 14 is reversely driven while a lowering command signal is output from the operation unit, and the sprocket 13 is rotated at a low speed in a direction in which the elevating platform 12 is lowered to put the sprocket 13 in a free state. Has been. On the other hand, the hammer operating motor 36 is configured to rotate at a low speed and in a direction in which the locking member 37 is raised while the hammer raising command signal is output. Further, the hammer operating motor 36 is configured to rotate at a low speed while the hammer lowering command signal is output, and to lower the claw 45 engaged with the locking member 37. Further, the hammer operating motor 36 has a built-in pulse encoder (not shown) so that the position of the hammer operating motor 36 can be stored as the origin position. In addition, the motors 14 and 36 are configured to be driven by an intrusion test start command signal from the operation unit, and the unit elevating motor 14 is reversely driven to bring the sprocket 13 into a free state so that the weight of the elevating platform 12 penetrates. It is configured to join the rod 2. Further, after the hammer operating motor 36 rotates in the direction in which the hammer 44 is raised, the locking member 37 is positioned below the claw 45 locked by the hammer 44 until the hammer 44 strikes the knocking head 42. It is comprised so that it may rotate at the speed to make. The hammer operating motor 36 may be a servo motor.

  Next, the main part of the present invention will be described. A rebound detection sensor 50 is attached to the second column 32 in the vicinity of the moving path of the upper block 44 a of the hammer 44, and outputs an ON signal while the hammer 44 abuts against the knocking head 42, while the hammer 44 Is configured to output an off signal when it is separated from the knocking head 42. The detection signal of the rebound detection sensor 50 is configured to control the hammer operating motor 36. When the rebound detection sensor 50 detects the on signal and immediately detects the off signal, the speed is reduced. It is configured. Further, the hammer operating motor 36 is configured to recover its speed and raise the endless chain 35 at a normal speed when the ON signal continues for a predetermined time.

In the impact penetrating test apparatus 1, first, an elevation command signal is given to the unit elevation motor 14 by manual operation, and this is positively driven to raise the elevation platform 12 to a predetermined position. Next, a hammer raising command signal is given to the hammer operating motor 36 by manual operation and driven, and a circulating operation is given to the endless chain 35 to raise the locking member 37. Accordingly, the locking member 37 comes into contact with the claw 45 of the hammer 44, the hammer 44 rises integrally with the locking member 37, and stops at a position where the claw 45 does not come into contact with the release member 38. Subsequently, the penetrating rod 2 with the penetrating cone 2b attached to the lower end is erected on the ground surface, and the upper part thereof is inserted into the guide sleeve 41 and pushed into the hole while pushing up the knocking head 42. In this state, when a lowering command signal is given by manual operation from the operation unit, the locked state of the sprocket is slightly relaxed, the powder clutch is also activated, and the lifting platform 12 is slowly lowered by its own weight. The elevator base is lowered until the guide sleeve 41 is completely pushed up by the penetrating rod 2. Subsequently, a hammer lowering command signal is given to the hammer operating motor 36 by manual operation to lower it to a position where the striking block 44c and the knocking head 42 come into contact with each other, and stop at that position. The position of the hammer operating motor 36 at this time is stored as the origin position.

  In this state, when a penetration test start command signal is output from the operation unit, the unit elevating motor 14 is positively driven, and the sprocket 13 is rotated in the direction in which the elevating platform 12 is lowered. At this time, the lifting platform 12 is in a free fall state by the action of the one-way clutch, and the weight of the lifting platform 12 is applied to the penetrating rod 2. At the same time, the hammer operating motor 36 also rotates, and the endless chain 35 circulates in the direction in which the locking member 37 is raised. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the claw 45 engaged with the locking member 37 rises as the locking member 37 rises, and at the same time, the hammer 44 is guided by the guide rail 43 and rises. When the hammer 44 rises and the claw 45 comes into contact with the release member 38, the release member 38 rotates the claw 45 as shown in FIG. Falls along the guide rail 43 by its own weight and strikes the knocking head 42. The striking force of the hammer 44 is transmitted to the penetrating rod 2, and the penetrating cone 2b at the tip of the penetrating rod 2 penetrates into the ground. This operation is repeated, and the number of hits for each predetermined depth is measured to calculate the strength of the ground.

  During this time, when the hammer 44 moves up, it is detached from the knocking head 42, so the rebound detection sensor 50 outputs an off signal, and when the hammer 44 falls and strikes the knocking head 42, the rebound detection sensor 50 outputs an on signal. To do. At this time, if the ground is hard, the rebound when the hammer 44 is hit increases, and the rebound detection sensor 50 outputs the off signal immediately after outputting the on signal, as shown in FIG. This is determined to be detection of rebound, the hammer operating motor 36 is decelerated, and the circulation feed of the endless chain 35 is delayed. Therefore, the rising speed of the locking member 37 is slowed, and the timing of engagement with the claw 45 is delayed. During this time, since the rebound of the hammer 44 converges, when the locking member 37 is engaged with the claw 45, the claw 45 is stopped, and the locking member 37 can be engaged without receiving an impact from the claw 45. Neither 45 nor the locking member 37 is damaged at all. Further, the hammer operating motor 36 that circulates the locking member 37 is not subjected to an impact, and is not damaged at all.

  In this embodiment, one locking member 37 is attached to the endless chain 35, but a plurality of locking members (not shown) may be attached. In this case, the hammering cycle by the hammer 44 can be shortened and the time required for the test can be shortened without increasing the rotational speed of the hammer operating motor 36. Moreover, although the nail | claw 45 is comprised so that it may rotate, you may be comprised so that it may reverse | retreat in parallel.

The schematic explanatory drawing which notched the principal part of the impact penetrating test apparatus which concerns on this invention. The principal part enlarged view of the hammer unit which concerns on this invention. Explanatory drawing of operation | movement of the principal part at the time of the hammer which concerns on this invention starts a raise. Explanatory drawing of operation | movement of the principal part when the hammer which concerns on this invention reached the highest position. Explanatory drawing which shows the state of the rebound of the hammer concerning this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Blow penetration test apparatus 2 Penetration rod 2a Male thread part 2b Penetration cone

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Base unit 10a Base 11 1st support | pillar 11a Chain member 12 Lifting stand 13 Sprocket 14 Unit lifting motor

20 striking units

30 Elevator unit 31 Table 32 Second column 32a Hollow part
33 Driven sprocket 33a Driven sprocket shaft 34 Drive sprocket 34a Drive sprocket shaft 35 Endless chain 36 Hammer operating motor 37 Locking member 38 Release member

40 Hammer Unit 40a Bearing Base 41 Guide Sleeve 42 Knocking Head 42a Hole 43 Guide Rail 44 Hammer 44a Upper Block 44b Lower Block 44c Strike Block 45 Claw 46 Plunger

50 Rebound detection sensor

Claims (3)

A hammer guided so as to be able to move up and down, a penetrating rod that penetrates into the ground upon being hit by the hammer, a pawl provided so as to be retractable to the hammer, and a position engageable with the pawl A striking penetration test apparatus comprising a locking member connected to an endless circulation moving member, and a release member provided on the movement path of the claw and retreating it,
While providing a rebound detection sensor for detecting the rebound of the hammer when hitting the penetrating rod,
An impact penetrating test apparatus configured to control the moving speed of the endless circulation moving member by rebound detection of the rebound detection sensor.   2. The impact penetrating test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein when the rebound detection sensor detects the stop of the hammer, the moving speed of the endless circulation moving member is restored.   3. The impact penetrating penetration according to claim 1, wherein the endless circulation moving member is circulated and fed so as to reach a position immediately before the engaging member engages with the pawl while the hammer strikes the penetration rod. Test equipment.

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