JP2008228363A - Magnetic core for armature, armature, rotary electric machine, and compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce an eddy current, as a result, an iron loss, and to ensure mechanical strength. <P>SOLUTION: A yoke 11 has a plurality of first planar magnetic plates laminated along a rotary shaft Q, and exhibits a main surface 11a on one side of the rotary shaft. A plurality of teeth 12 are circularly disposed around the rotary shaft Q on the main surface 11a. The teeth 12 each have a plurality of planar second magnetic plates laminated in a direction vertical to the rotary shaft Q. The teeth 12 each work as a core around which an armature winding 13 is wound. Any one of the first magnetic plates has a thickness per sheet smaller than the thickness per sheet of any one of the second magnetic plates. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an armature magnetic core and an armature, and is particularly applicable to an axial gap type rotating electrical machine.

  The rotating electric machine has an armature and a field element. In particular, in an axial gap type rotating electric machine, the armature and the field element are arranged to face each other along the rotating shaft through an air gap that extends along a plane perpendicular to the rotating shaft.

  The armature includes a yoke, a tooth provided on the yoke, and an armature winding wound around the tooth. The field element is rotated by a rotating magnetic field generated by the armature.

  Magnetic flux flows in the armature by passing alternating current through the armature winding. Due to the magnetic flux, an eddy current is generated in the yoke and the teeth.

  In the teeth, magnetic flux flows along the rotation axis. Therefore, when the electromagnetic steel plates laminated along the direction parallel to the rotation axis are employed as the teeth, the magnetic flux crosses the interface of the laminated electromagnetic steel plates. In this case, eddy current is likely to occur in the teeth. On the other hand, if the magnetic steel sheets stacked along the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis are employed as the teeth, the magnetic flux crossing the interface of the magnetic steel sheets can be reduced.

  In Patent Document 1, eddy currents in the teeth are reduced in this way, and electromagnetic steel plates laminated along a direction parallel to the rotation axis are employed for the yoke.

  Or in order to reduce an eddy current, you may employ | adopt a dust core as teeth. Such a technique is disclosed in Patent Document 2, for example.

  In addition, Patent Document 3 discloses a technique related to the present invention.

International Publication No. 03/047070 Pamphlet JP 2005-348472 A JP 2004-7917 A

  In general, since the yoke is fixed to the casing, mechanical strength is required. On the other hand, the teeth are required to have a high change in magnetic flux density and a low iron loss. Therefore, both should be designed appropriately.

  However, although the technique of Patent Document 1 uses laminated steel sheets for the yoke and the teeth, the trade-off between mechanical strength and magnetic characteristics has not been studied, and there is no viewpoint for improving both characteristics. For example, in Patent Document 1, molding is performed, which improves mechanical strength, but does not improve both characteristics by the laminated steel sheet itself.

  Further, according to the technique of Patent Document 2, there is a risk that the mechanical strength is lowered in holding the yoke to the device body and holding the teeth in the yoke.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object thereof is to reduce the eddy current and, in turn, the iron loss, while ensuring the mechanical strength.

  A first aspect of the armature magnetic core according to the present invention includes a plurality of flat first magnetic plates (111) stacked along a predetermined axis (Q), and one of the axes. A yoke (11) having a main surface (11a) on the side, and a plurality of flat plate-like second magnetic plates (121, 122) each stacked in a direction perpendicular to the axis, And a plurality of teeth (12) that are annularly arranged around the axis (Q) on the main surface and function as a core around which the armature winding (13) is wound. And the thickness per sheet of any of the first magnetic plates is larger than the thickness of any one of the second magnetic plates.

  The second aspect of the armature core according to the present invention is the first aspect, wherein the yoke (11) is opened to the main surface (11a) side into which the teeth (12) are fitted. Recesses (112, 113, 114) are provided.

  A third aspect of the armature magnetic core according to the present invention is the second aspect thereof, wherein the shape of the teeth (12) on the side of the yoke (11) is a convex portion that fits into the concave portion ( 12a2) and a wide portion (12a1) which is located on the opposite side to the teeth with respect to the convex portion and is wider than the convex portion.

  The 4th aspect of the armature magnetic core concerning this invention is the 3rd aspect, Comprising: The said teeth (12) are shrink-fitted by the said recessed part (112).

  A fifth aspect of the armature magnetic core according to the present invention is any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the second magnetic plate (121) has a diameter with respect to the axis (Q). Laminated in the direction.

  A sixth aspect of the armature core according to the present invention is any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein the teeth (12) are in a direction in which the second magnetic plates are laminated. The shape seen from is constant.

  A seventh aspect of the armature core according to the present invention is the fifth aspect thereof, wherein the shape of the teeth (12) viewed from the direction along the axis (Q) is a circumference with respect to the axis. It exhibits a side surface in which the width in the direction expands toward the outer peripheral side rather than the inner peripheral side close to the axis.

  An eighth aspect of the armature magnetic core according to the present invention is the fifth aspect thereof, wherein the shape of the teeth (12) on the side opposite to the yoke (11) is the axis (Q) and A flange (12b) that is wide in length (s) in a direction orthogonal to any of the lamination directions of the second magnetic plate (121) is presented.

  A ninth aspect of the armature core according to the present invention is the eighth aspect, wherein the length (s) at which the flange (12b) is wide is the second magnetic plate. It is constant regardless of the stacking direction of (121).

  A tenth aspect of the armature core according to the present invention is any one of the first to ninth aspects, wherein the maximum value of the magnetic permeability of the teeth (12) is the value of the yoke (11). It is larger than the maximum value of magnetic permeability.

  An eleventh aspect of the armature core according to the present invention is any one of the first to tenth aspects, wherein the saturation magnetic flux density of the yoke (11) is equal to the saturation magnetic flux of the teeth (12). Greater than density.

  A twelfth aspect of the armature core according to the present invention is any one of the first to eleventh aspects, wherein the thickness of the first magnetic plate (111) is 0.2 mm or more. is there.

  A thirteenth aspect of the armature core according to the present invention is any one of the first to twelfth aspects, wherein the silicon content of the second magnetic plate (121) is the first aspect. It is larger than the silicon content of one magnetic material plate (111).

  A fourteenth aspect of the armature core according to the present invention is any one of the first to thirteenth aspects, wherein the thickness of the second magnetic plate (121) is 0.2 mm or less. is there.

  A fifteenth aspect of the armature magnetic core according to the present invention is the fourteenth aspect, and the material of the second magnetic plate (121) includes an amorphous material or permalloy.

  A first aspect of the armature according to the present invention includes any one of the first to fifteenth aspects of the armature magnetic core and the armature winding (13).

  The 2nd aspect of the armature concerning this invention is the 1st aspect, Comprising: The said armature winding (13) is wound by concentrated winding for every teeth.

  According to a first aspect of the rotating electrical machine of the present invention, any one of the first to second aspects of the armature and a field element (200) disposed to face the armature along the axis (Q). ).

  The 2nd aspect of the rotary electric machine concerning this invention is the 1st aspect, Comprising: The said field element (200) has a magnet (22) which generates a field magnetic flux.

  A compressor according to the present invention includes any one of first to second aspects of a rotating electrical machine.

  According to the first aspect of the armature core according to the present invention, in the armature obtained by winding the armature winding around the tooth, the magnetic flux flows parallel to the axis in the tooth, and the second magnetic body It hardly crosses the boundary where the plates are stacked. In the yoke, it flows perpendicularly to the axis and hardly crosses the boundary where the first magnetic plates are laminated. Therefore, the eddy current generated in the armature core is reduced.

  In addition, in the teeth, the inflow and outflow of magnetic flux directly occurs between the armature and the opposing field element, so that the magnetic flux flowing through the teeth has many harmonic components and is mainly eddy current loss. Therefore, the thickness of the second magnetic plate is reduced to reduce eddy currents, and thereby iron loss, while the yoke is a machine for increasing the thickness of the first magnetic plate and fixing it to the housing. To ensure proper strength.

  According to the second aspect of the armature core according to the present invention, the teeth can be easily fixed to the yoke.

  According to the third aspect of the armature core according to the present invention, the teeth prevent excessive fitting in the concave portion due to the step between the convex portion and the wide portion. Further, since the size of the recess can be made smaller than that of the wide portion, the strength of the yoke is improved.

  According to the fourth aspect of the armature core according to the present invention, it is not necessary to use an adhesive to fix the tooth and the yoke. In addition, since the convex portions are shrink-fitted in the teeth, the strength of the second magnetic material plate is ensured although the thickness of the second magnetic plate is small.

  According to the fifth aspect of the armature core according to the present invention, the magnetic flux flowing in the teeth is likely to flow in the circumferential direction due to the armature reaction, so that the magnetic resistance is reduced.

  According to the sixth aspect of the armature core according to the present invention, since the same shape is adopted as the second magnetic plate, it is easy to manufacture teeth, for example, punch the second magnetic plate. It is. In particular, it is suitable when a multi-pole armature core with a large number of teeth or distributed winding is adopted as an aspect in which the armature winding is wound. Furthermore, since the second magnetic material plate is punched into the same shape, variations in the shapes can be easily reduced, and the fitting of the teeth into the recesses is good.

  According to the seventh aspect of the armature core according to the present invention, in the armature obtained by winding the armature winding around the tooth, the armature winding is efficiently arranged at a high density between the teeth. , Improve the space factor. Moreover, since a large cross-sectional area perpendicular to the teeth axis can be taken, magnetic saturation of the armature core can be prevented. It is preferable that the second magnetic plate is thin also from the viewpoint of smoothly forming such side surfaces and improving the fit between the teeth and the recesses.

  According to the eighth aspect of the armature core according to the present invention, the shape of each of the second magnetic plates is widened on the side opposite to the yoke, thereby facilitating the formation of the flange portion. Become.

  According to the ninth aspect of the armature core according to the present invention, the shape of the end face of the second magnetic plate that is present in the direction orthogonal to both the axial direction and the stacking direction can be made constant. Therefore, the blade used for punching the second magnetic material plate is shared without depending on the second magnetic material plate, and the formation of the collar portion is easy.

  According to the tenth aspect of the armature core according to the present invention, the iron loss, particularly the hysteresis loss, can be reduced for the teeth having a large change in magnetic flux density compared to the yoke. This is preferable in view of the fact that the magnetic resistance is small in the direction along the axis and the magnetic flux easily flows in the tooth.

  According to the eleventh aspect of the armature core according to the present invention, magnetic saturation is prevented from occurring in the yoke where the magnetic flux density is likely to be larger than that of the tooth.

  According to the twelfth aspect of the armature core according to the present invention, the strength of the yoke is high.

  According to the thirteenth aspect of the armature core according to the present invention, the iron loss of the tooth portion is reduced. In addition, when the teeth are held by the recesses, it is preferable from the viewpoint of preventing the yoke from being broken by lowering the hardness of the yoke that is forced to deform the recesses.

  According to the fourteenth aspect of the armature core according to the present invention, the iron loss of the tooth portion is significantly reduced.

  According to the fifteenth aspect of the armature core according to the present invention, the thickness of the second magnetic plate can be easily reduced to 0.2 mm or less.

  According to the first aspect of the armature according to the present invention, the rotating magnetic field can be generated efficiently.

  According to the second aspect of the armature according to the present invention, the rotating electric machine configured with the field element has a small torque but an increased torque. In particular, since the thickness of the second magnetic plate is small, it becomes difficult to maintain the lamination by caulking them, and the tension at the time of winding the armature winding contributes to the lamination. Increase strength.

  According to the first aspect of the rotating electrical machine of the present invention, the output is increased.

  According to the second aspect of the rotating electrical machine according to the present invention, the magnetic flux flowing into and out of the tooth contains a lot of harmonics and the magnetic flux density is high, but the effect of reducing iron loss with the tooth is high, so it is efficient. Torque can be generated.

  According to the compressor according to the present invention, a small and high-torque rotating electric machine is adopted, so that a loss when the refrigerant is compressed is small.

First embodiment.
1 and 2 are perspective views conceptually showing an armature 100A according to the present embodiment. The armature 100 </ b> A includes an armature magnetic core 1 and an armature winding 13. The armature core 1 includes a yoke 11 and teeth 12. However, in FIG. 1, the yoke 11, the teeth 12, and the armature winding 13 are separately shown in a direction along the rotation axis Q (hereinafter referred to as “rotation axis direction”). In FIG. 2, separation is not performed in the direction along the rotation axis Q.

  The yoke 11 has a plurality of flat plate-like magnetic plates 111 stacked along the direction of the rotation axis, and exhibits a main surface 11a on one side of the rotation axis. Further, a hole 110 through which a rotating shaft held by a field element (not shown) passes is provided in the vicinity of the rotating shaft Q.

  A plurality of teeth 12 are annularly arranged around the rotation axis Q on the main surface 11a and function as a core around which the armature winding 13 is wound. Each armature winding 13 is originally formed by winding a wire a plurality of times, but in the drawing, a bundle of wires is shown as an integral unit. Further, the connection between the armature windings 13 is omitted.

  The armature winding 13 is wound around the tooth 12 via an insulator (not shown). In FIG. 1, concentrated winding is adopted as the winding method of the armature winding 13. According to this winding method, the armature winding 13 can be easily wound around the teeth 12. In addition, copper loss can be reduced. The armature winding 13 may be wound by distributed winding or wave winding. By adopting the teeth 12, the rotating magnetic field generated by the current flowing through the armature winding 13 can be generated efficiently.

  The yoke 11 has a recess opening in the surface 11a. Teeth 12 is fitted into the recess. In the structure shown in FIG. 1, a through hole 113 is provided as a recess. Corresponding to the arrangement position of the teeth 12, the concave portion is also arranged annularly around the rotation axis Q on the main surface 11a. By providing such a recess, the teeth 12 can be easily fixed to the yoke 11.

  3 and 4 are perspective views showing two types of configurations of each of the teeth 12, and the rotation axis direction is taken in the direction z. In the structure shown in FIG. 3, flat magnetic plates 121 are laminated in the radial direction r with respect to the rotation axis Q, and in the structure shown in FIG. A plate 122 is laminated. Both the radial direction r and the circumferential direction θ are directions perpendicular to the rotation axis Q.

  From the viewpoint of preventing the laminated magnetic plates 121 and 122 from loosening, the laminated magnetic plates 121 and 122 may be caulked or welded between the laminated layers. Further, steel plates whose surfaces are covered with an adhesive coating may be adopted as the magnetic plates 121 and 122. Further, the laminated magnetic plates 121 and 122 may be fitted to a coil bobbin, or the armature winding 13 may be directly wound around the laminated magnetic plates 121 and 122. This is because if the winding is performed directly, the stacked layers are held by the tension of the winding.

  The teeth 12 have a body part 12a fitted into the through hole 113 and a flange part 12b wider than this, and an armature winding 13 is wound around the body part 12a at a position where it is not stored in the through hole 113. Is done.

  The flange portion 12b faces a field element (not shown) along the rotation axis direction on the opposite side to the yoke 11. By providing the flange portion 12b, a gap corresponding to the width of the armature winding 13 is prevented from being formed between the teeth 12, and the magnetic flux of the field element is easily linked to the armature 100A. In addition, in order to prevent that a magnetic flux flows between the teeth 12 in a short circuit between adjacent brim parts 12b, a certain space | gap is required. Specifically, it is desirable that the shortest distance between them exceeds twice the length of the gap (so-called “air gap”) between the armature and the field element.

  FIG. 5 is a perspective view conceptually showing the configuration of another armature 100B, and is shown separated in the direction along the rotation axis Q, similarly to the armature 100A (see FIG. 1). The armature 100B is different from the armature 100B only in that a recess 112 that does not penetrate is provided instead of the through hole 113 of the armature 100A. By adopting the recess 112 not penetrating in this way, the strength of the yoke 11 is increased, and the depth into which the tooth 12, specifically, the body 12 a is fitted, is defined.

  6 and 7 are cross-sectional views showing a configuration obtained when the tooth 12 having the configuration shown in FIG. 3 is fitted into the recess 112. 6 shows a cross section perpendicular to the circumferential direction θ, and FIG. 7 shows a cross section perpendicular to the radial direction r.

  By adopting such a configuration, the magnetic flux flowing in the teeth 12 by the armature reaction in the armature 100B (the same applies to the armature 100A) flows in parallel to the rotation axis Q in the teeth 12, and the magnetic plate 121 Hardly crosses the boundary where the layers are stacked. Further, the yoke 11 flows perpendicularly to the rotation axis Q and hardly crosses the boundary where the magnetic plates 111 are laminated. Therefore, the eddy current generated in the armature core 1 is reduced. Also, the magnetic resistance is reduced.

  In particular, adopting the teeth 12 having the configuration shown in FIG. 3 reduces the magnetic resistance in the circumferential direction θ in the teeth 12. In view of the fact that the component in the circumferential direction θ of the magnetic flux flowing through the teeth 12 due to the armature reaction is large, this is desirable in a rotating electric machine having a large ratio of electrical loading.

  If the tooth 12 having the configuration shown in FIG. 3 is employed, a magnetic plate 122 having a constant shape as viewed from the stacking direction can be employed. This is preferable in that the manufacture of the teeth 12, for example, the punching of the magnetic plate 122 is easy. In particular, it is suitable when a multi-pole armature core with a large number of teeth 12 or distributed winding is adopted as a mode in which the armature winding 13 is wound. Furthermore, punching the magnetic plate 122 into the same shape can easily reduce variations in the shapes, and the teeth 12 can be satisfactorily fitted into the recesses 112 and the through holes 113.

  8 and 9 are cross-sectional views showing a configuration obtained when the tooth 12 having the configuration shown in FIG. 4 is fitted into the recess 112. 8 shows a cross section perpendicular to the radial direction r, and FIG. 9 shows a cross section perpendicular to the circumferential direction θ.

  Also by adopting such a configuration, the magnetic flux flowing in the teeth 12 flows in parallel to the rotation axis Q in the teeth 12 and hardly crosses the boundary where the magnetic plates 122 are laminated, as described above. Further, the yoke 11 flows perpendicularly to the rotation axis Q and hardly crosses the boundary where the magnetic plates 111 are laminated. Therefore, the eddy current generated in the armature core is reduced.

  In particular, adopting the teeth 12 having the configuration shown in FIG. 4 is that the position in the radial direction r and the magnetic pole of a field element (not shown) facing the armature 100B (the same applies to the armature 100A). In the case where the arrangement in the radial direction r is greatly different, it is desirable from the viewpoint of easily allowing the magnetic flux to flow into and out of the teeth 12 with the field element.

  FIG. 10 is a graph showing analysis values of the magnetic flux density of the magnetic flux flowing through the teeth 12 with respect to the rotation angle of the field element. According to the graph shown in FIG. 10, the magnetic flux includes a waveform close to a triangular wave shape, but the magnetic flux waveform deviates from the triangular wave shape when the rotation angle is in the range of 15 ° to 30 ° and 60 ° to 75 °. I understand that. That is, the magnetic flux density contains many high-order frequency components with respect to the fundamental wave. This is caused by, for example, rotation of a field element provided in the armatures 100A and 100B, PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) control for a current flowing through the armature winding 133, and the like. Note that the eddy current generated by the PWM control is easily induced by the carrier frequency component of the magnetic flux density.

  FIG. 11 is a graph showing analysis values of the magnetic flux density of the magnetic flux flowing in the yoke 11 with respect to the rotation angle of the field element. According to the graph shown in FIG. 11, it can be seen that a magnetic flux density of 1.0 (T) or more can be obtained in the range of the rotation angle of 30 ° to 60 °. Specifically, a magnetic flux density of 1.2 (T) is obtained almost constant in the range. That is, the magnetic flux density is large in a wide range of rotation angles.

  Therefore, compared to the magnetic flux flowing in the teeth 12, the magnetic flux flowing in the yoke 11 can obtain a higher magnetic flux density in a wide range of rotation angles, and therefore higher-order frequencies included in the magnetic flux density. There are few ingredients.

  The thickness per one magnetic material plate 111 is larger than the thickness per one magnetic material plate 121 or magnetic material plate 122. In the teeth 111, magnetic flux directly flows in and out between the armature 100 </ b> A or the armature 100 </ b> B and the field element facing the armature 100 </ b> A. Therefore, as described with reference to FIG. Compared with the magnetic flux flowing through, there are more harmonic components and eddy current loss is the main component. Therefore, the thickness of the magnetic plates 121 and 122 is reduced to reduce eddy currents, and hence iron loss. On the other hand, in the yoke 11, the thickness of the magnetic plate 111 is increased and the mechanical plates are fixed to the casing. Ensure strength. As a method for fixing the yoke 11 to the housing, for example, the outer periphery of the yoke 11 may be press-fitted or shrink-fitted into the housing and welded.

  Furthermore, there is a plate thickness deviation in each of the magnetic plates 121 and 122, and the plate thickness deviation is accumulated when they are laminated, causing an error in the length dimension in the lamination direction. This error is caused by the teeth 12 having a length in the stacking direction of the magnetic plates 121 and 122, specifically, the radial direction r shown in FIG. 3 and the length in the circumferential direction θ shown in FIG. Adjustment is possible only in units of thickness (plate thickness) of the magnetic plates 121 and 122. Therefore, deviations in the plate thickness accumulate and errors are likely to occur.

  However, the smaller the plate thickness, the smaller the length error in the stacking direction. In particular, when the strength of shrink fitting or press fitting is ensured on the surface in the stacking direction, it is desired that the error be about 0.05 mm or less, preferably 0.01 mm or less. That is, it is desirable to use a thin plate of 0.05 mm or less, desirably 0.01 mm or less.

  Of course, the strength such as press-fitting and shrink fitting is not a surface in the stacking direction (the surface on which the stacking surface is exposed: the cross section of the magnetic plate 121 exposed in the circumferential direction θ in the configuration of FIG. 3, the radial direction r in the configuration of FIG. It is desirable to secure it with a cross section of the magnetic plate 122 exposed to (1). This is because the punching accuracy is better than the length accuracy in the stacking direction.

  If the length accuracy in the stacking direction is not sufficient, it is also possible to use a magnetic adhesive in the gap with the yoke.

  From the viewpoint of greatly reducing the iron loss in the teeth 12, the thickness of the magnetic plates 121 and 122 is preferably 0.2 (mm) or less. By including an amorphous material or permalloy in the material of the magnetic plates 121 and 122, the thickness can be reduced to 0.2 (mm) or less, and eddy current loss can be significantly reduced. Specifically, the thickness of the magnetic plate 121 formed of an amorphous material can be reduced to 0.025 (mm). In addition, the magnetic plates 121 and 122 formed of permalloy can be reduced in thickness to 0.05 (mm).

  Note that the maximum value of the magnetic permeability of the teeth 12 is desirably larger than the maximum value of the magnetic permeability of the yoke 11. Iron loss, especially hysteresis loss, can be reduced for the teeth 12 having a large change in magnetic flux density as compared with the yoke 11. This is suitable in view of the fact that the tooth 12 has a small magnetic resistance in the direction of the rotation axis and the magnetic flux easily flows through the tooth 12.

  From the viewpoint of increasing the strength of the yoke 11, the thickness of the magnetic body plate 111 is preferably 0.2 (mm) or more. A more desirable thickness is 0.35 (mm) or more. For example, the magnetic plates 111 can be easily connected to each other by Karamase.

  And by including silicon in the material of the magnetic body plate 111, an iron loss, especially a hysteresis loss can be reduced, without reducing intensity | strength. This is a general thin plate usually called an electromagnetic steel plate.

  Note that the saturation magnetic flux density of the yoke 11 is preferably larger than the saturation magnetic flux density of the teeth 12. This is to prevent magnetic saturation from occurring in the yoke 11 where the magnetic flux density tends to be larger than that of the tooth 12.

  On the other hand, in the case of the same electromagnetic steel sheet, it is better that the magnetic plates 121 and 122 have a larger silicon content than the magnetic plate 111. By increasing the amount of silicon, the iron loss of the teeth 12 can be reduced in order to further reduce the iron loss, and the hardness of the yoke 11 that necessitates deformation of the recess 112 and the through hole 113 holding the teeth 12 is reduced. This prevents the yoke from being broken.

  The internal rotation type radial gap type motor has a structure in which the yoke has an annular shape and the teeth protrude inside thereof. In such a structure, if the teeth and the yoke are separate members, the inner peripheral portion of the yoke becomes scrap, and the punching yield deteriorates. However, in the axial gap type motor as in the present embodiment, the diameter of the hole 110 that defines the inner diameter of the yoke 11 is sufficient to allow the rotating shaft to pass therethrough, so that the teeth 11 and the yoke 12 are separate members. There is no deterioration in punching yield.

  Note that winding the armature winding 13 in a concentrated manner is desirable from the viewpoint of increasing torque while reducing the size of the rotating electric machine configured with the field element. In particular, since the thickness of the magnetic plates 121 and 122 is small, it is difficult to caulk them to maintain the lamination, and the tension when the armature winding 13 is wound with concentrated winding contributes to the lamination. In addition, the mechanical strength of the teeth 12 is increased.

  It should be noted that it is desirable to adopt the mutual relationship between the thicknesses of the magnetic plates 111, 121, and 122 and the thickness itself in any of the embodiments described later.

Second embodiment.
FIG. 12 is a perspective view conceptually showing the armature 100C according to the present embodiment. The armature 100C is different from the armature 100B in the shape of the teeth 12. In FIG. 12, the yoke 11, the teeth 12, and the armature winding 13 are shown separately in the rotation axis direction. When they are not separated, the armature 100C appears in the same manner as the armature 100B.

  FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration obtained when the tooth 12 of the armature 100C is fitted into the recess 112, and shows a cross section perpendicular to the radial direction r. In the present embodiment, the teeth 12 may take any of the configurations shown in FIGS.

  The shape of the trunk portion 12a on the tooth 11 side of the tooth 12 is a convex portion 12a2 that fits into the concave portion 112, and is positioned on the opposite side of the tooth 11 with respect to the convex portion 12a2 and is more in the radial direction r than the convex portion 12a2. And a wide portion 12a1 which is wide in the direction perpendicular to the vertical direction. The wide portion 12a1 protrudes from the main surface 11a together with the flange portion 12b, and the armature winding 13 is wound around it.

  The tooth 12 is prevented from being excessively fitted into the concave portion 112 due to the step between the convex portion 12a2 and the wide portion 12a1. Further, since the size of the recess 112 can be made smaller than that of the wide portion 12a1, the strength of the yoke 11 is improved.

  In the armatures 100 </ b> B and 100 </ b> C, the teeth 12 are shrink-fitted in the recesses 112, so that it is not necessary to use an adhesive to fix the teeth 12 and the yoke 11. In particular, in the armature 100C, the protrusion 12a2 is shrink-fitted in the tooth 12. Therefore, even if the thickness of the magnetic plates 111 and 112 is small, the strength against the shrink-fitting is ensured.

  Of course, in the armature 100A, the teeth 12 may be shrink-fitted into the through holes 113.

  If the configuration shown in FIG. 3 is adopted, the radial direction r becomes the stacking direction. And the collar part 12b becomes wide by the length s in the direction orthogonal to both a rotating shaft direction and a lamination direction on the opposite side to the yoke 11 of the teeth 12. FIG. By adopting such a wide direction in a direction perpendicular to both the rotation axis direction and the stacking direction, each shape of the magnetic plate 121 is widened on the side opposite to the yoke 11. And the formation of the flange 12b is facilitated.

Third embodiment.
FIG. 14 is a perspective view conceptually showing the armature 100D according to the present embodiment. In FIG. 14, the yoke 11, the teeth 12, and the armature winding 13 are shown separately in the rotation axis direction.

  The armature 100D is smaller than the armature 100B in that the circumferential dimensions of the teeth 12, the armature winding 13, and the recess 112 are smaller toward the inner peripheral side (side closer to the rotation axis Q). Is different. Of course, the side surface may be rounded in the vicinity of the outer peripheral side, and the circumferential dimension of the teeth 12 may be slightly reduced at the outermost periphery. In other words, the shape of the teeth 12 viewed from the direction along the rotation axis Q exhibits a side surface that expands as the width in the circumferential direction is closer to the outer peripheral side than the inner peripheral side.

  FIG. 15 is a plan view showing a plurality of adjacent teeth 12 as viewed from the direction of the rotation axis. As a result, the flange portion 12b appears as a solid line, but the trunk portion 12a is indicated by a broken line as a hidden line.

  By adopting such a shape, the interval d between the side surfaces adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction of the body portion 12b around which the armature winding 13 (see FIG. 14) is wound is substantially constant regardless of the radial position. It becomes. Therefore, when the armature winding 13 is aligned and wound in this gap, the width of the armature winding 13 becomes constant. This allows the armature windings 13 to be efficiently arranged between the teeth 12 at a high density. Therefore, the space factor is improved. Moreover, since the cross-sectional area perpendicular to the rotation axis of the tooth 12 can be increased, the magnetic saturation is also prevented. Further, the armature winding 13 is prevented from coming out of the tooth 12.

  Also in the present embodiment, the tooth 12 may take any of the configurations shown in FIGS. FIG. 16 is a plan view showing the fitting between the recess 112 and the body 12a. If the configuration of FIG. 3 is adopted using the magnetic plate 121 in this way, the side surface in the circumferential direction of the tooth 12 becomes stepped. This is because the width of the teeth 12 (the length extending in the direction perpendicular to the thickness) is the same within the thickness range of the magnetic plate 121.

  Therefore, in the case of adopting the configuration of FIG. 3, the magnetic plate is also used from the viewpoint of smoothly forming the side surface of the tooth 12 to improve the fitting between the tooth 12 (more specifically, the body portion 12 a) and the recess 112. It is preferable that 121 (see FIG. 3) is thin. If it is made as thin as possible, the shape becomes smooth. This is desirable from the viewpoint of increasing the fitting strength between the teeth 12 and the yoke 11.

  Further, even if the triangular gap between the recess 112 and the magnetic plate 121 becomes a magnetic resistance, it is desirable from the viewpoint that the magnetic plate 121 can be made thin to reduce the magnetic resistance. . By reducing the magnetic resistance, the operating point magnetic flux density of the permanent magnet (not shown) of the rotor facing the stator increases, and the permanent magnet can generate more magnetic flux. is there.

  Note that in both the second embodiment and the present embodiment, if the length s (FIG. 13) at which the flange portion 12 b is wide is constant regardless of the lamination direction of the magnetic plates 121, the magnetic property The shape of the end surface in the circumferential direction of the body plate 121 can be made constant. This applies not only to the shape shown in the second embodiment but also to the shape of the tooth 12 employed in the present embodiment.

  By making the length s constant, the blade used for punching the magnetic plate 121 is shared without depending on the magnetic plate 121, and the formation of the flange portion 12b is facilitated. Even if the trunk portion 12a expands to the outer peripheral side (as shown in the present embodiment), and the shape of the magnetic plate 121 employed in the body portion 12a is different, the interval between the end faces in the circumferential direction increases. Only. Therefore, it is only necessary to translate the punching position of the blade used for punching, and it is not necessary to prepare many blade shapes.

  Regardless of whether or not the end face in the circumferential direction of the tooth 12 extends toward the outer peripheral side, if the tooth 12 is fitted to the yoke 11, at least a part of the body 12 a is a magnetic plate on the inner layer of the yoke 11. To 111. Therefore, as compared with the case where the teeth 12 are simply arranged on the main surface 11a, the magnetic flux flowing on the yoke 11 side with respect to the main surface 11a can take a longer length for the teeth 12 to be a magnetic path. This is preferable because the magnetic resistance of the armature core 1 can be reduced when the magnetic resistance of the teeth 12 is smaller than the magnetic resistance of the yoke 11.

Fourth embodiment.
FIG. 17 is a perspective view conceptually showing the armature 100E according to the present embodiment. FIG. 18 is a perspective view of the tooth 12 employed in the armature 100E.

  In FIG. 17, in order to facilitate understanding of the configuration, one tooth 12 and the armature winding 13 wound around the tooth 12 are shown separated in the radial direction. However, when used as the armature 100E, it is assembled in the same manner as the other teeth 12 and the armature windings 13.

  In the present embodiment, the yoke 11 has a groove 114 that opens to the outer peripheral side and extends in the radial direction through the rotation axis. Further, the teeth 12a of the teeth 12 have a convex part 12a2 and a wide part 12a1 as shown in FIG. 13, and a wide part 12a3 which is wider in the direction perpendicular to the radial direction than the convex part 12a2. Yes. The wide portion 12a3 is provided on the side opposite to the wide portion 12a1 with respect to the convex portion 12a2. Therefore, it can be said that the trunk portion 12a is narrower in the direction perpendicular to the radial direction r than the wide portions 12a1 and 12a3 in the convex portion 12a2.

  The radial width of the groove 114 is narrow on the main surface 11a side and wide on the opposite side. By inserting the teeth 12 into the groove 114 along the radial direction, the step formed by the convex portion 12a2 and the wide portion 12a3 of the tooth 12 is fitted to the step formed by the difference in the radial width of the groove 114. To do. Thereby, the collar part 12b and the wide part 12a1 protrude from the main surface 11a.

  That is, like the recess 112 and the through hole 113, the groove 114 can be grasped as a recess opened on the main surface 11 a side into which the teeth 12 are fitted.

  Also in this embodiment, the yoke 11 is composed of magnetic plates 111 (see, for example, FIG. 1) stacked in the direction of the rotation axis. However, since the radial width of the groove 114 varies depending on the position in the stacking direction of the magnetic plates 111 constituting the yoke 11, a plurality of molds are required for forming the magnetic plates 111 by punching. Become. Since the groove 114 illustrated in FIG. 17 has two kinds of widths, two kinds of the molds are necessary.

  The armature winding 13 is wound around the wide portion 12 a 1, and the winding may be performed before or after the teeth 12 are fitted into the groove 114.

  For example, the magnetic material plate 121 (or the magnetic material plate 122) is laminated to form the tooth 12, the armature winding 13 is wound around the wide portion 12a1 after being insulated, and then to the yoke 11. And the teeth 12 are fitted.

  Alternatively, the armature winding 13 is separately wound around the bobbin in advance, and the armature winding 13 is inserted into the laminated teeth 12 together with the bobbin from the side opposite to the flange 12b. Then, the tooth 12 with the armature winding 13 inserted is fitted into the yoke 11.

  Alternatively, after the laminated teeth 12 are fitted into the yoke 11, the armature winding 13 is wound or inserted through insulation. When the flange portion 12b is not provided, the armature winding 13 wound around the bobbin can be inserted into the wide portion 12a1 from the main surface 11a side together with the bobbin.

  As described above, a field element (not shown) that faces the armature 100E by engaging the step of the groove 114 with the body 12a (particularly, the step formed by the convex portion 12a2 and the wide portion 12a3). Teeth 12 is held by yoke 11 against the suction force from A means for preventing the teeth 12 from coming off the yoke 11 in the radial direction may be provided. For example, a technique of fitting a ring on the outer periphery of the yoke 11 or fixing with an adhesive can be exemplified.

Configuration of rotating electrical machine.
FIG. 19 is a perspective view illustrating a rotating electric machine composed of the armature 100 </ b> A and the field element 200 described above. Actually, the field element 200 and the armature 100A are opposed to each other with a slight gap, but in FIG. 19, the distance between the two is shown wide to facilitate understanding of the structure. Further, the structure of the field element 200 is shown separately in the direction of the rotation axis.

  The field element 200 is provided to face the armature 100A on the tooth 12 side. The field element 200 includes a permanent magnet 22 and a yoke 25. The permanent magnet 22 is annularly arranged around the rotation axis Q, and the yoke 25 is provided with a hole 20 in the vicinity of the rotation axis Q through which the rotation shaft (not shown) passes. Actually, the yoke 25 and the permanent magnet 22 are provided in close contact with each other.

  Any of the armatures 100B to 100E may be employed instead of the armature 100A. According to such a rotating electrical machine, it is possible to efficiently generate torque by reducing the iron loss in the armatures 100A to 100E.

  FIG. 20 is a perspective view illustrating a rotating electric machine including a field element 200 having another configuration and armatures 100 </ b> A and 300. The field element 200 is provided with magnetic plates 21 and 23 from both sides of the permanent magnet 22 along the rotation axis direction. Since the permanent magnet 22 does not appear on the surface of the field element 200, the influence of the demagnetizing field applied to the permanent magnet 22 is reduced.

  Further, when a sintered rare earth magnet is employed as the permanent magnet 22, eddy current loss inside the permanent magnet is reduced. According to the field element 200, the output of the rotating electrical machine can be increased.

  In particular, when the permanent magnet 22 is used, the air gap has a high magnetic flux density, so that a small and high output can be realized. When the permanent magnet 22 is used, the magnetic flux flowing into and out of the tooth 12 contains a lot of harmonics and the magnetic flux density becomes high. By adopting the armature according to the above-described embodiment, the iron loss is reduced by the tooth 12. High effect. Therefore, torque can be generated efficiently.

  The permanent magnet 22 and the magnetic plates 21 and 23 are held by a nonmagnetic holder 24. The holder 24 has holes 240 and 241. The hole 240 is provided in the vicinity of the rotation axis Q and penetrates a rotation shaft (not shown). The permanent magnet 22 and the magnetic plates 21 and 23 are fitted into the hole 241.

  The armature 300 is a magnetic body, and a hole 30 that passes through a rotation shaft (not shown) is provided in the vicinity of the rotation axis Q. Since a magnetic attractive force acts between the armature 300 and the field element 200, the thrust force acting between the armature 100A and the field element 200 can be canceled. Since the thrust force acts on the bearing that supports the rotating shaft, the bearing loss can be reduced by canceling the thrust force.

  The field element 200 may have a thinner magnetic plate 26. The magnetic plate 26 can weaken the magnetic attractive force acting between the armature 300 and the field element 200, and can adjust the cancellation of the thrust force. In this case, the magnetic plate 23 can be omitted. FIG. 20 illustrates the case where both of the magnetic plates 23 and 26 are provided.

Compressor configuration.
The rotating electrical machine described above can be mounted on a compressor, for example. FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view showing a high pressure dome type compressor equipped with an axial gap type motor 400. However, the axial gap type motor 400 shows a side surface instead of a cross section.

  The compressor includes a sealed container 1, a compression mechanism unit 2, and an axial gap type motor 400. The compression mechanism unit 2 is disposed in the sealed container 1, and the axial gap type motor 400 is disposed in the sealed container 1 and above the compression mechanism unit 2. The compression mechanism unit 2 is driven by an axial gap type motor 400 via the rotary shaft 4.

  The axial gap type motor 400 includes armatures 100A and 300 and a field element 200, the details of which have been described with reference to FIG. Here, the armatures 100A and 300 function as a stator and the field element 200 functions as a rotor.

  A suction pipe 71 is connected to the lower side of the sealed container 1, while a discharge pipe 72 is connected to the upper side of the sealed container 1. The refrigerant gas supplied from the suction pipe 71 is guided to the suction side of the compression mechanism unit 2.

  The outer periphery side of the yoke 11 and the armature 300 is fixed inside the sealed container 1, and the axial gap type motor 400 is fixed. The lower end side of the rotation shaft 4 is connected to the compression mechanism unit 2.

  The compression mechanism unit 2 includes a cylindrical main body 20, an upper end plate 8 and a lower end plate 9. The upper end plate 8 and the lower end plate 9 are respectively attached to the upper side and the lower side of the opening end of the main body 20. The rotating shaft 4 passes through the upper end plate 8 and the lower end plate 9 and is inserted into the main body 20.

  The rotating shaft 4 is rotatably supported by a bearing 21 provided on the upper end plate 8 of the compression mechanism unit 2 and a bearing 22 provided on the lower end plate 9 of the compression mechanism unit 2. A crankpin 5 is provided on the rotating shaft 4 in the main body 20. A piston 6 is fitted to the crankpin 5 and driven. In the compression chamber 7 formed between the piston 6 and the corresponding cylinder, the refrigerant gas is compressed. The piston rotates in an eccentric state or revolves to change the volume of the compression chamber 7.

  When the compression gap 2 is driven by the rotation of the axial gap motor 400, the refrigerant gas is supplied from the suction pipe 71 to the compression mechanism 2 and the refrigerant gas is supplied to the compression mechanism 2 (particularly the compression chamber 7). Compress. The high-pressure refrigerant gas compressed by the compression mechanism unit 2 is discharged into the sealed container 1 from the discharge port 23 of the compression mechanism unit 2. Further, the high-pressure refrigerant gas is provided with a groove (not shown) provided around the rotating shaft 4, a hole (not shown) penetrating the inside of the stator 100 </ b> A and the field element 200 in the rotation axis direction, the stator 100 </ b> A and the field magnet. It passes through the space between the outer periphery of the child 200 and the inner surface of the sealed container 1 and is carried to the upper space of the axial gap motor 400. Thereafter, the liquid is discharged to the outside of the sealed container 1 through the discharge pipe 72.

  According to such a compressor, the refrigerant can be efficiently compressed. In particular, by reducing the iron loss in the armature 100A as described above, it is possible to obtain operating efficiency equivalent to or higher than that of a conventional compressor. This contributes to energy saving of equipment. In other words, since a small and high-torque rotating electrical machine is employed, loss in compressing the refrigerant is reduced.

  It is obvious that iron loss can be reduced even if other armatures 100B to 100E are employed instead of the armature 100A. Further, it is not essential to provide the armature 300, and the configuration of the field element 200 can be the configuration shown in FIG.

1 is a perspective view showing an armature according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a perspective view showing an armature according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view which shows each structure of teeth. It is a perspective view which shows each structure of teeth. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the other armature concerning the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure obtained when the teeth are engage | inserted by the recessed part. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure obtained when the teeth are engage | inserted by the recessed part. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure obtained when the teeth are engage | inserted by the recessed part. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure obtained when the teeth are engage | inserted by the recessed part. It is a graph which shows the analytical value with respect to the rotation angle of a field element of the magnetic flux density of the magnetic flux which flows in the teeth. It is a graph which shows the analysis value with respect to the rotation angle of a field element of the magnetic flux density of the magnetic flux which flows through the inside of a yoke. It is a perspective view which shows the armature concerning the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure obtained when the teeth are engage | inserted in the recessed part 112. FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the armature concerning the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows a plurality of adjacent teeth. It is a top view which shows fitting with a recessed part and a trunk | drum. It is a perspective view which shows the armature concerning the 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view of teeth. It is a perspective view which illustrates the rotary electric machine comprised with the armature and the field element. It is a perspective view which illustrates the rotary electric machine comprised by the field element which has another structure, and two armatures. It is sectional drawing which shows the high pressure dome type compressor which mounts an axial gap type motor.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Armature magnetic core 100A-100E Armature 11 Yoke 111, 121, 122 Magnetic body plate 112 Concave 113 Through-hole 114 Groove 11a Main surface 12 Teeth 12a1 Wide part 12a2 Convex part 13 Armature winding

Claims (20)

A yoke (11) having a plurality of flat plate-like first magnetic plates (111) laminated along a predetermined axis (Q) and presenting a main surface (11a) on one side of the axis;
Each has a plurality of flat plate-like second magnetic plates (121, 122) stacked in a direction perpendicular to the axis, and is arranged annularly around the axis (Q) on the main surface. A plurality of teeth (12) functioning as a core around which the armature winding (13) is wound,
The armature magnetic core, wherein the thickness of any one of the first magnetic plates is greater than the thickness of any of the second magnetic plates.   The armature core according to claim 1, wherein the yoke (11) is provided with recesses (112, 113, 114) opened on the main surface (11a) side into which the teeth (12) are fitted. The shape of the teeth (12) on the yoke (11) side is
A convex portion (12a2) that fits into the concave portion;
3. The armature core according to claim 2, wherein the armature magnetic core is located on a side opposite to the teeth with respect to the convex portion and presents a wide portion (12 a 1) wider than the convex portion.   The armature magnetic core according to claim 3, wherein the teeth (12) are shrink-fitted into the recess (112).   The armature core according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the second magnetic plate (121) is laminated in a radial direction with respect to the axis (Q).   The armature magnetic core according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the teeth (12) have a constant shape as viewed from a direction in which the second magnetic plates are laminated.   The shape of the teeth (12) viewed from a direction along the axis (Q) exhibits a side surface in which a circumferential width with respect to the axis expands toward an outer peripheral side rather than an inner peripheral side near the axis. 5. The magnetic core for armature according to 5.   The shape of the teeth (12) on the opposite side to the yoke (11) has a length (s The armature magnetic core according to claim 5, which exhibits a wide flange portion (12 b).   The armature core according to claim 8, wherein the length (s) at which the flange (12b) is wide is constant regardless of the stacking direction of the second magnetic plates (121).   10. The armature core according to claim 1, wherein a maximum value of the magnetic permeability of the teeth (12) is larger than a maximum value of the magnetic permeability of the yoke (11).   The armature core according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein a saturation magnetic flux density of the yoke (11) is larger than a saturation magnetic flux density of the teeth (12).   The armature magnetic core according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the thickness of the first magnetic plate (111) is 0.2 mm or more.   The silicon content in the second magnetic plate (121) is greater than the silicon content in the first magnetic plate (111). The armature magnetic core described.   The magnetic core for an armature according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the thickness of the second magnetic plate (121) is 0.2 mm or less.   The armature magnetic core according to claim 14, wherein the material of the second magnetic plate (121) includes an amorphous material or permalloy. The armature core according to any one of claims 1 to 15,
An armature comprising the armature winding (13).   The armature according to claim 16, wherein the armature winding (13) is wound in concentrated winding for each tooth. Armature (1) according to claim 16 or claim 17,
A rotating electric machine comprising: a field element (200) disposed to face the armature along the axis (Q).   The rotating electrical machine according to claim 18, wherein the field element (200) includes a magnet (22) for generating a field magnetic flux.   A compressor equipped with the rotating electrical machine according to claim 18 or 19.

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