JP2008226076A - Fire alarm - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fire alarm capable of notifying existence of a person failing to escape. <P>SOLUTION: This fire alarm comprises a fire detecting part 32 which detects smoke by a fire by a smoke detecting part 40 and outputs a fire detection signal, a human body detecting part 38 which detects existence of a person with an infrared detection element and outputs a human body detection signal, a storage part 36 which stores the human body detection information indicating the existence of a human body based on the human body detection signal together with time information, an alarm determining part 34 which determines whether or not the human body detection information indicating the existence of a person be stored in the storage part 36 before a predetermined time and outputs a fire alarm signal if not stored or outputs a failing-to-escape alarm signal if stored, and an alarm output part 48 which outputs by voice the fire alarm signal or failing-to-escape alarm signal output by the alarm determination part 34. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a fire alarm that detects a fire and outputs an alarm, and switches the alarm contents in accordance with the presence or absence of a person.

  Conventionally, residential fire alarms have been equipped with a fire detection unit that determines that a fire has occurred when the room temperature becomes abnormally high, or when the indoor smoke concentration exceeds a specified value. It has an alarm function that notifies the surroundings that a fire has occurred by blinking an indicator light together with sound.

There has also been proposed a residential fire alarm (see Patent Document 1) that includes a human body detection unit together with a fire detection unit and increases the volume of an alarm sound when not detecting the presence of a person to notify an outdoor person.
JP 2006-235780 A

  However, conventional fire alarms have the problem that even if there is a person who is late to escape, the rescuer is unaware of its existence, especially in the case of elderly or disabled persons who are difficult to evacuate on their own. Because it took time, there was a risk of suffering a disaster with a delay.

The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a fire alarm capable of notifying the existence of a person who has escaped.

  In order to achieve this object, the present invention is configured as follows. First, a fire alarm of the present invention includes a fire detection unit that detects smoke or heat from a fire and outputs a fire detection signal, a human body detection unit that detects the presence of a person and outputs a human body detection signal, and a human body detection signal Based on the above, a storage unit that stores human body detection information indicating the presence or absence of a human body together with time information, and when a fire is detected by the fire detection unit, human body detection information indicating the presence of a person is stored in the storage unit before a predetermined time. If it is not memorized, it outputs a fire alarm signal. If it is memorized, it outputs an escape delay alarm signal, and a fire alarm signal or escape delay output by the alarm determiner. An alarm output unit that outputs an alarm signal as a sound.

  Here, the storage unit stores the human body detection information together with the time information for a past predetermined time longer than the predetermined time.

  In addition, the storage unit samples the human body detection signal of the human body detection unit at a predetermined period and stores human body detection information indicating the presence or absence of the human body.

In addition, there is provided a transfer circuit that distinguishes a fire alarm or escape delay alarm of the alarm determination unit and outputs it to an external device.

  According to the present invention, when a fire is detected, if a person is not present, a normal fire alarm is output, and if a person is present, an escape delay alarm is output, thereby preventing a rescuer from escaping. It can be detected and rescued promptly, and it is possible to prevent the occurrence of victims and secondary disasters caused by the search for people who have escaped.

  In addition, the presence of a person detects the heat generated from the human body with an infrared detector, but it is difficult to determine whether the detected heat is generated from the human body or from a fire when a fire occurs. By memorizing, it is possible to reliably determine whether there is a person who has escaped based on the human body detection information before a predetermined time without the influence of fire, for example, from 15 minutes to 30 minutes.

In addition, when outputting the alarm, if the presence of a person is not detected, the alarm is repeated with a voice message "U-U- is a fire, it is a fire", and if the presence of a person is detected, It ’s a fire, it ’s a fire, and there ’s a risk of being late to escape. ”By repeating the warning with a voice message, the rescuer can instantly and accurately determine that there is a person who has missed the escape.

  FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing the external appearance of an embodiment of a fire alarm device according to the present invention, FIG. 1 (A) is a front view showing the installed state, and FIG. 1 (B) is a perspective view thereof. .

  The fire alarm 10 is composed of a main body 12 and a cover 14, and is attached to a wall surface of an arbitrary room in a house by an attachment portion 12 a located at the upper part of the main body 12. The cover 14 protrudes like a dish at the center, and a smoke inlet 16 is opened around the cover 14.

  A smoke chamber (not shown) is incorporated inside the cover 14 provided with the smoke inlet 16, and smoke from a fire flows into the chamber through the smoke inlet 16, and is a scattered light type having a light emitting element and a light receiving element. The smoke from the fire is detected by the smoke detector.

  A dome-shaped infrared transmission filter 18 that also serves as a protective cover for an infrared detection element for detecting a human body is provided at the center of the dish-like protrusion of the cover 14.

  Further, an acoustic hole 20 is provided on the front side of the cover 14, and a speaker for outputting an audio alarm is accommodated in the inside corresponding to the acoustic hole 20. An indicator lamp 22 is provided on the left side of the cover 14, and a push button 24 that is cantilevered by a U-shaped cutout is formed between the acoustic hole 20 and the indicator lamp 22, and an alarm is provided inside the push button 24. The switch used for stopping is incorporated.

  FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a circuit configuration of an embodiment of a fire alarm according to the present invention. In FIG. 2, the fire alarm device 10 of the present invention includes a battery 26, a noise absorbing unit 28, an MPU (Micro Processing Unit) 30, a human body detecting unit 38, a smoke detecting unit 40, an alarm output unit 48, an indicator lamp unit 54, a switch. 56, a voltage drop detection unit 58 and a transfer unit 60.

  The battery 26 supplies power for the fire alarm 10, and the noise absorber 28 stabilizes the circuit voltage supplied from the battery 26.

  The MPU 30 includes a fire detection unit 32, an alarm determination unit 34, and a storage unit 36. The human body detection unit 38 has an infrared detection element. The smoke detection unit 40 has a light emitting unit 42 having a light emitting element and a light receiving unit having a light receiving element. Part 44 is provided.

  The MPU 30 executes light emission driving of the light emitting unit 42, sampling of the light receiving unit 44, fire determination at the fire detecting unit 32 based on the amount of received light, and human body detection determination at the human body detecting unit 38 based on the output of the infrared detecting element by executing the program. From the storage of the human body detection information in the storage unit 36, the human body detection information stored in the storage unit 36 and the fire determination result in the fire detection unit 32, the alarm determination in the alarm determination unit 34 and the alarm to the alarm output unit 48 Perform signal output.

  Further, the MPU 30 performs lighting control of the indicator lamp unit 54, alarm stop by the switch 56, power supply voltage monitoring by the voltage drop detection unit 58, and the like.

  The detection of the human body by the MPU 30 is periodically performed, and the human body detection unit 38 acquires the output level of the infrared detection element, for example, at a cycle of 10 seconds, determines the presence or absence of the human body, and stores the human body detection information in the storage unit 36. Remember. Since the storage capacity of the storage unit 36 is limited, for example, human body detection information for the past 30 minutes from the present is held.

  Moreover, the detection of smoke by the MPU 30 is also performed periodically, for example, at a cycle of 10 seconds. The light emitting unit 42 emits light by causing a current to flow through a light emitting element, for example, an infrared light emitting diode, in response to a pulse signal from the MPU 30, and the light receiving unit 44 scatters light irradiated by driving the infrared light emitting diode by the light emitting unit 42 reflected by smoke Light is incident on a light receiving element, for example, a photodiode, converted into a photocurrent, further converted into a voltage signal, and output to the fire detection unit 32.

  Note that the human body detection cycle and the smoke detection cycle do not need to be 10 seconds, and the storage time does not have to be 30 minutes. It is sufficient to set an appropriate value as appropriate in consideration of conditions such as storage capacity, but in reality, human body detection information that has been many hours ago is old as information for determining whether or not there is a person who has escaped in the event of a fire. Therefore, the storage time is realistic about 30 minutes.

  The fire detection unit 32 periodically obtains the output level from the smoke detection unit 40 to determine a fire, but outputs a warning when a fire is determined twice in succession to prevent false alarms, and then 2 If the fire is not judged consecutively, the alarm is stopped.

  When the fire detection unit 32 detects a fire, the alarm determination unit 34 determines whether or not human body detection information indicating the presence of a person is stored in the storage unit 36 before a predetermined time, for example, 15 minutes or less. If not, a fire alarm signal is output to the alarm output unit 48, and if stored, an escape delay alarm signal is output to the alarm output unit 48.

  The human body detection information based on the output of the infrared detection element for a predetermined time immediately before the fire, for example 15 minutes, is difficult to determine whether the heat is generated by the human body or the heat from the fire. Determine the presence of a person. This time does not need to be 15 minutes, and an appropriate value may be set as appropriate in consideration of conditions such as the human body discrimination ability of the human body detection unit 38.

  FIG. 3 is a table of human body detection information stored in the storage unit 36 shown in FIG. In FIGS. 3A and 3B, the first row (top row) is present and the second row is a human body detection cycle, for example, 10 seconds before, so the limit of the storage time from the present, for example, 30 minutes in the past The human body detection information in which the human body detection unit 38 determines the presence or absence of the human body is stored at intervals of 10 seconds.

  New human body detection information every 10 seconds is stored in the first row, and the previous human body detection information is shifted down by one row. “1” in the human body detection sequence indicates the presence of a human body and “0” indicates the absence of a human body.

  Whether or not a human body has been detected for a predetermined time, for example, 15 minutes before the fire detection unit 32 detects a fire, that is, if there is “1” in the human body detection information below the “Tn” line, If it is detected, an escape delay alarm signal is output, and if it is “0”, a fire alarm signal is output.

  For example, in the case of FIG. 3A, “T1 to T3” is “1”, but “T4 to Tmax” is “0”, so it is determined that there is no person. In the case of FIG. Since “T4 to Tn-3” is “0”, but “Tn−2 to Tn + 2” is “1”, it is determined that there was a person 15 minutes ago.

  Referring to FIG. 2 again, when the alarm output unit 48 receives the output of the analog audio signal as the fire alarm signal from the alarm determination unit 34, the alarm audio amplified by the amplification unit 50 is output by the speaker 52, for example, “ ~ It ’s a fire, it ’s a fire ”.

  When the escape delay warning signal is output, that is, when there is a possibility that there is a person in the fire site, similarly, from the speaker 52, for example, “Uu ~ u ~ is a fire, it is a fire, there is a risk of escape delay" "The alarm is repeated with a voice that can instantly and accurately determine that there is a person who has missed the rescuer."

  The indicator lamp unit 54 receives the output when the fire detection unit 32 detects a fire and drives the LED as the indicator lamp 22 shown in FIG. 1 to emit light.

  The switch 56 is actuated by pressing the push button 24 shown in FIG. 1. When the switch 56 is actuated, the MPU 30 causes the alarm output unit 48 to emit a sound alarm and the indicator lamp unit 54 to emit light for a predetermined time, for example, 6 minutes. Stop.

  The voltage drop detection unit 58 monitors the power supply voltage, and when the detected voltage drops below a predetermined voltage, the MPU 30 blinks the LED of the indicator lamp unit 54 and warns from the speaker 52 at a predetermined cycle, for example, a cycle of 40 seconds. Sound a sound.

  The transfer unit 60 receives the fire alarm signal or the escape delay alarm signal from the alarm determination unit 34 when the fire determination is performed, and transfers it to the external connection device 64 connected to the transfer terminals 62a and 62b. Sends an information signal to activate.

  The external connection device 64 can perform different alarms depending on the type of fire alarm signal or escape delay alarm signal. For example, if a fire alarm signal is received from another fire alarm connected to a fire alarm installed at another location, an audio alarm will be issued saying "U-U ~, another fire alarm has been activated." When an escape delay alarm signal is received, a voice alert can be given, saying “Wow, another fire alarm has been activated. There is a risk of escape delay at the location of the fire”.

  FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the embodiment of the fire alarm according to the present invention shown in FIG. First, when the power of the fire alarm 10 is turned on, processing is started in the MPU 30, and in step S1, human body detection information based on the output level of the infrared detection element of the human body detection unit 38 is stored in the storage unit 36 at a cycle of 10 seconds. .

  Subsequently, in step S2, the MPU 30 drives the light emitting element of the light emitting unit 42 to emit light at a period of 10 seconds, and the light receiving unit 44 enters the light scattered by the light irradiated by the driving of the light emitting element and reflected by the smoke. The light reception signal is output to the fire detection unit 32.

  Next, the fire detection unit 32 acquires the signal level of the received light signal received from the light receiving unit 44 in step S3, determines whether smoke has been detected based on the signal level in step S4, and determines smoke detection. Then, it progresses to step S5.

  The alarm determination unit 34 acquires human body detection information from the storage unit 36 in step S5. Subsequently, in step S6, it is determined whether or not a human body has been detected 15 minutes or less based on the human body detection information. If a human body has been detected 15 minutes or less, the process proceeds to step S7 and an escape delay warning is output as an alarm output unit. If no human body has been detected 15 minutes before, the process proceeds to step S8, and a fire alarm is output from the alarm output unit 48.

  After the escape delay alarm or fire alarm is output, or when no smoke is detected in step S4, it is determined whether or not an alarm stop instruction is issued by operating the switch 56 in step S9. If there is, the process proceeds to step S10 and the alarm is stopped.

  FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a circuit configuration of a system provided with a heat detector for detecting heat due to a fire as another embodiment of the fire alarm according to the present invention. The fire alarm according to the present invention shown in FIG. The configuration is the same except that the smoke detector 40 of the embodiment is changed to the heat detector 46.

  FIG. 6 is a table of human body detection times stored in the storage unit 36 shown in FIG. The event driving method is used for the sampling method of the embodiment shown in FIG.

  6A and 6B, “T1” in the first row (top row) is the time when the human body was last detected, and “T2” in the second row is the time when the human body was detected before that. As described above, the storage time limit, for example, 30 minutes in the past, is stored together with the time information only when the human body detection unit 38 obtains the human body detection information indicating the presence of the human body.

  The new human body detection information is stored in the first row, and the previous human body detection information is shifted down by one row. The time information 30 minutes before the time when the human body detection information is newly stored is deleted. As in FIG. 3, “1” in the human body detection sequence indicates the presence of a human body and “0” indicates the absence of a human body.

  Whether or not a human body has been detected 15 minutes before the time when the fire detection unit 32 detects a fire, that is, if the time information 15 minutes before the time when the fire is detected is present in the table, the human body has been detected and delayed If there is no alarm signal, a fire alarm signal is output.

  For example, in the case of FIG. 6 (A), it is determined that there is no person because there is no time information past 15 minutes from the time when the fire was detected, and in the case of FIG. 6 (B), the time past 15 minutes or more. Since three pieces of information exist, it is determined that a person existed 15 minutes ago.

  FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the processing procedure of the other embodiment shown in FIG. 5, and is the same as the flowchart shown in FIG. 4 except for the processing procedure of steps S1 to S4. First, when the power of the fire alarm 10 is turned on, processing is started in the MPU 30. When the presence of a human body is detected based on the output level of the infrared detection element of the human body detection unit 38 in step S1, the time information is stored. Store in the unit 36.

  Subsequently, in step S <b> 2, the MPU 30 detects and drives the heat detection unit 46 at a cycle of 10 seconds, and outputs a detection signal to the fire detection unit 32.

  Next, the fire detection unit 32 acquires the signal level received from the heat detection unit 46 in step S3, determines whether or not heat is detected based on the signal level in step S4, and determines whether or not heat is detected. Proceed to S5.

  The alarm determination unit 34 acquires human body detection information from the storage unit 36 in step S5. Subsequently, in step S6, it is determined whether or not a human body has been detected 15 minutes or less based on the human body detection information. If a human body has been detected 15 minutes or less, the process proceeds to step S7 and an escape delay warning is output as an alarm output unit. If no human body has been detected 15 minutes before, the process proceeds to step S8, and a fire alarm is output from the alarm output unit 48.

  After the escape delay alarm or fire alarm is output, or when no smoke is detected in step S4, it is determined whether or not an alarm stop instruction is issued by operating the switch 56 in step S9. If there is, the process proceeds to step S10 and the alarm is stopped.

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, includes appropriate modifications without impairing the object and advantages thereof, and is not limited by the numerical values shown in the above embodiment.

The human body detection unit is not limited to a sensor that detects infrared rays from the human body, and may be any device that can detect a human body, such as an ultrasonic sensor, a Co sensor, or a vibration sensor. Also good.

Explanatory drawing which showed the external appearance of embodiment of the fire alarm by this invention The block diagram which showed the circuit structure of embodiment of the fire alarm by this invention Table of human body detection information stored in the storage unit shown in FIG. The flowchart which shows the process sequence of embodiment of the fire alarm by this invention. The block diagram which showed the circuit structure of other embodiment of the fire alarm by this invention. Table of human body detection information stored in the storage unit shown in FIG. The flowchart which shows the process sequence of other embodiment of the fire alarm by this invention.

Explanation of symbols

10: Fire alarm 12: Main body 12a: Mounting part 14: Cover 16: Smoke inlet 18: Infrared transmission filter 20: Acoustic hole 22: Indicator lamp 24: Push button 26: Battery 28: Noise absorbing part 30: MPU
32: Fire detection unit 34: Alarm determination unit 36: Storage unit 38: Human body detection unit 40: Smoke detection unit 42: Light emission unit 44: Light reception unit 46: Heat detection unit 48: Alarm output unit 50: Amplification unit 52: Speaker 54 : Indicator lamp unit 56: Switch 58: Voltage drop detection unit 60: Transfer unit 62a, 62b: Transfer terminal 64: Externally connected device

Claims (4)

A fire detection unit that detects smoke or heat from a fire and outputs a fire detection signal;
A human body detection unit that detects the presence of a person and outputs a human body detection signal;
A storage unit that stores human body detection information indicating presence or absence of a human body together with time information based on the human body detection signal;
When a fire is detected by the fire detection unit, it is determined whether or not human body detection information indicating the presence of a person is stored in the storage unit before a predetermined time. If not, a fire alarm signal is output. , An alarm determination unit that outputs an escape delay alarm signal if stored, and
An alarm output unit for outputting the fire alarm signal or escape delay alarm signal output by the alarm determination unit;
A fire alarm characterized by comprising.
2. The fire alarm according to claim 1, wherein the storage unit stores human body detection information together with time information for a past predetermined time longer than the predetermined time.
2. The fire alarm according to claim 1, wherein the storage unit stores human body detection information indicating presence / absence of a human body by sampling a human body detection signal of the human body detection unit at a predetermined period. Alarm.
In the fire alarm according to claim 1,
A fire alarm device comprising a transfer circuit that distinguishes and outputs to the external device the fire alarm or the escape delay alarm of the alarm determination unit.

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