JP2008223353A - Construction machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve safety and work efficiency of maintenance work in a double weight condition provided with a main weight and an auxiliary weight attached onto the main weight. <P>SOLUTION: An engine room 13 and a counterweight 14 are provided in a rear part of an superrevolving structure 12 and a rear end part of the super structure 12 behind the engine room 13, respectively. The counterweight 14 is provided with the main weight 15 and the auxiliary weight 16 attached detachably onto an upper face of the main weight 15 when the need arises. A recessed part 19 is provided in a front part of the auxiliary weight 16 to form a work space allowing a worker to perform the maintenance work for the engine room 13 and set a height position of a bottom face of the recessed part being a working surface of the work space to substantially the same height position as the upper face of the main weight. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a construction machine such as a hydraulic excavator provided with a counterweight at a rear end.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 8, a hydraulic excavator has an upper swing body 2 mounted on a crawler type lower traveling body 1 so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis, and an unillustrated operation (excavation) is provided at the front of the upper swing body 2. ) It is configured with an attachment.

  The upper swing body 2 is provided with an engine room 3 in which an engine and related devices and the like are accommodated in the rear part, and the rear side of the engine room 3, that is, the rear end part of the swing body, which acts on the machine during work. A counterweight 4 for balancing the load is mounted.

  The counter weight 4 is usually composed of only the main weight 5, and the auxiliary weight 6 is added and increased in accordance with an increase in the forward load, such as during heavy work (see Patent Document 1).

  As shown in FIG. 9, the auxiliary weight 6 is loaded on the main weight 5 and is detachably attached by a plurality of bolts 7 so that it can be removed when not needed.

  On the other hand, a bonnet 8 is provided in the engine room 3, and the bonnet 8 is opened to perform maintenance work of equipment such as an engine.

  At this time, in a state in which the counter weight 4 is composed only of the main weight 5 (hereinafter, this is referred to as a single weight state, and a state in which the sub weight 4 is loaded thereon is referred to as a double weight state), the main weight 5 The upper surface 5a is a work surface, that is, a scaffold for a worker to get on and perform maintenance work.

In this case, a technology is provided in which a recess is provided in the front portion of the main weight 5 to allow the upper body of the worker to enter so that the maintenance can be performed from the upper surface of the main weight 5a and the lower part of the engine room can be maintained. Is known (Patent Document 2).
JP-A-9-279631 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 4-30151

  However, according to the known technique described in Patent Document 1, in the double weight state, the upper surface of the main weight 5 which is the original work surface is covered with the sub weight 6, so that the upper surface 6 a of the sub weight 6 is used as a substitute work. It becomes a surface.

In this state, this work surface is much higher than the single weight state,
i) The work must be a work at height,
ii) For workers accustomed to the single weight state, there is a great sense of incongruity in terms of height feeling during work,
iii) As the work surface becomes higher, the viewpoint of the worker becomes higher and the operator room is far away from the engine room 3, which causes a problem that the safety and workability of the maintenance work deteriorate.

  Note that it is conceivable to use the technique of Patent Document 2 for the auxiliary weight 6, that is, to provide a recess in the front portion of the auxiliary weight 6.

  However, as described above, the concave portion in this known technique is merely used to create a gap for allowing the upper body to enter the engine room 3 side while the operator is on the upper surface of the weight. Simply diverting to the weight 6 does not fundamentally solve the problems i) to iii).

  Therefore, the present invention provides a construction machine that can improve the safety and workability of maintenance work in a double weight state.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, an engine room is provided at the rear of the machine, and a counterweight is provided at the rear end of the machine behind the engine room. The counterweight includes a main weight and, if necessary, the main weight. In the construction machine provided with a secondary weight detachably attached to the upper surface of the above, the secondary weight,
(A) In a state of being attached to the upper surface of the main weight, a work space is formed in which an operator can enter the front portion of the auxiliary weight and perform maintenance work on the engine room,
(B) The work surface, which is the bottom surface of the work space, is configured so that the height position is substantially the same as the top surface of the main weight.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the first aspect, a recess having an opening on the front surface and an upper surface is provided in a front portion of the auxiliary weight, thereby forming a work space in which the bottom surface of the recess serves as a work surface.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the first aspect, a work space in which the upper surface of the main weight serves as a work surface is provided in the front portion of the auxiliary weight by providing a notch in a vertically penetrating state with the front surface, upper surface, and bottom surface opened. Is formed.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the configuration according to any one of the first to third aspects, the work surface is formed as an inclined surface that is lowered forward.

  A fifth aspect of the present invention is the construction according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein a number of anti-slip protrusions are provided on the work surface.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the configuration according to any one of the first to third aspects, the work surface is formed as an inclined surface that is lowered downward, and a number of anti-slip protrusions are provided on the work surface regardless of the inclination of the work surface. Each upper surface is provided on the same horizontal plane.

  The invention of claim 7 is the construction according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a weir that dams water at the front end of the work surface, and a drain outlet that discharges water blocked by the dam forward at a specific portion; Is provided.

  According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the structure according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, the main weight is provided with a lifting tool, and the auxiliary weight is provided with a lifting tool escape hole penetrating vertically so as to face the upper surface of the auxiliary weight. It is provided.

According to the present invention, a work space in which an operator can enter the front part of the weight and perform maintenance work on the engine room in the auxiliary weight attached state (double weight state) is formed, and is the bottom surface of the work space. Since the work surface (working scaffold) is configured to be almost the same height as the main weight top surface,
I) Maintenance work for the engine room should not be a high place work in a double weight state.
II) Even for workers accustomed to the single weight state, there is no sense of incongruity in terms of height sense during work.
III) Since the viewpoint of the worker is not greatly separated from the engine room, the safety and workability of the maintenance work can be improved.

  In this case, as the means for forming the work space and the work surface, in the invention of claim 2, since the concave portion is provided in the front portion of the secondary weight, it is easy to ensure the weight and strength required for the secondary weight.

  On the other hand, in the third aspect of the present invention, since the notch in the vertically penetrating state is provided, the work surface is the upper surface of the main weight that is exactly the same as the single weight state. For this reason, the effect of the improvement of work safety and workability becomes high.

  As another means, the work space for the difference in thickness between the two weights may be formed by making the thickness (in the front-rear direction) of the auxiliary weight smaller than that of the main weight over the entire width.

  According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the work surface is formed on the inclined surface that is lowered downward, there is no possibility that rainwater or cleaning water will accumulate on the work surface.

  According to the invention of claim 5, since a large number of anti-slip protrusions are provided on the work surface, it is difficult for the worker's feet on the work surface to slip, and the role as a scaffold can be fulfilled safely.

  According to the invention of claim 6, the features of both inventions of claims 4 and 5 are combined, water does not accumulate, and it is difficult to slip. Moreover, since the top surfaces of the anti-slip protrusions are located on the same horizontal plane, the tread surface is kept substantially horizontal regardless of the inclination of the work surface. For this reason, the safety and efficiency of work are further improved.

  According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the water entering the working space can be guided and discharged to a position where the working space can be drained by the weir and the drain outlet provided at the front end of the working surface. There is no risk of electrical components, engines, and their accessories being splashed with water and causing damage or rusting.

  According to the invention of claim 8, since the lifting tool for lifting the main weight can be faced to the upper surface side of the auxiliary weight through the lifting tool escape hole in the double weight state, both weights are attached for attaching and detaching the counter weight. The work of lifting all together becomes easy.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the following embodiments, a case where the present invention is applied to a hydraulic excavator is taken as an example.

1st Embodiment (refer FIGS. 1-5)
The basic configuration of the hydraulic excavator according to this embodiment is the same as that shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, and an upper swing body 12 is mounted on a crawler type lower traveling body 11 so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis. A work attachment (not shown) is attached to the front portion of 12.

  Further, the upper swing body 12 is provided with an engine room 13 in which an engine or the like is accommodated in the rear part, and a counterweight 14 is mounted at the rear of the engine room 13, that is, at the rear end part of the swing body.

  The counter weight 14 is usually composed of only a main weight 15, and a sub weight 16 is attached to the main weight 15 by a plurality of bolts 17 as required (see FIGS. 3 and 4).

  On the other hand, the engine room 13 is provided with a bonnet 18 for performing maintenance work of equipment such as an engine so as to be freely opened and closed.

  The auxiliary weight 16 is dimensioned so that its upper surface and side surfaces are substantially aligned with the bonnet 18 and its rear end surfaces are substantially aligned with the main weight 15. If it carries out like this, there will be no sense of incongruity in an external appearance in a double weight state, and it will become desirable also in design.

  The auxiliary weight 16 is provided with a concave portion 19 having a front surface and an upper surface opened at a front portion.

  The recess 19 is formed with a width and depth dimensions (dimensions in the left and right and front and rear directions) that allow an operator to enter and perform maintenance work on the engine room 13.

  Thereby, in the double weight state, the recess 19 becomes a work space for the worker to enter and perform maintenance work, and the bottom surface 19a becomes a work surface as a scaffold for the worker at this time.

  Here, the depth dimension of the recess 19 is set so that the height position of the bottom surface 19a is substantially the same as the main weight upper surface 15a (see FIG. 5) which is a work surface in the single weight state.

  In other words, the height difference C between the bottom surface of the recess (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a work surface) 19a and the main weight upper surface 15a is substantially equivalent to the workability when the worker performs maintenance work on the main weight upper surface 15a. The height position of the bottom surface 19a (thickness dimension of the bottom wall of the recess) is set so as to be a dimension that can ensure a sense of height (for example, 30 mm or less).

This way
I) Maintenance work for the engine room 13 in a double weight state is not a work at a high place,
II) Even for workers accustomed to the single weight state, there is no sense of incongruity in terms of the height interval during work.
III) Since the viewpoint of the worker is not greatly separated from the engine room 13, safety and workability of the maintenance work can be improved.

  In this case, since the work space and the work surface 19a are formed by providing the concave portion 19 in the front portion of the sub weight 16, it is easy to ensure the weight and strength required for the sub weight 16.

  In consideration of workability and safety, the work surface 19a is devised as follows.

  (A) As shown in FIG. 5, the work surface 19a is formed on an inclined surface that is forwardly lowered (first downward toward the engine room 13).

  (B) A large number of anti-slip protrusions 20 are provided on the work surface 19a so that the operator's feet do not slip (see FIGS. 2, 3, and 5). The anti-slip protrusions 20 are formed, for example, in a short cylindrical shape, and are provided in almost the entire area of the work surface 19a.

  The heights of the protrusions 20 are set so that the upper surfaces of the protrusions 20 are on the same horizontal plane regardless of the forward and downward inclination of the work surface 19a.

  The work surface 19a may be provided with the non-slip projections 20 directly, or a sheet provided with the anti-slip projections 20 may be attached to the work surface 19a.

  (C) A dam 21 is provided at the front end of the work surface 19a to block water so that rainwater and washing water that have entered the recess 19 do not flow into the engine room 13 unnecessarily.

  Further, drainage ports 22 and 22 are provided for discharging water blocked by the weir 21 forward at a specific portion of the work surface 19a (for example, both left and right end portions as shown). The drain ports 22 and 22 are formed by cutting out a specific portion of the weir 21.

  With the configurations (A) and (C) described above, the water that has entered the recess 19 can be quickly discharged from the work surface 19a, so that water accumulates on the work surface 19a and becomes slippery, and clothes and tools get wet for maintenance work. There is no risk of disruption.

  In this case, the weir 21 and the drain ports 22 and 22 can guide and discharge the water to a position where it can be drained, so that the electrical equipment in the engine room 13 and the engine and its accessories are covered with water. There is no risk of malfunction or rusting.

  In addition, the configuration of (B) makes it difficult for a worker's feet on the work surface 19a to slip, and keeps the tread surface substantially horizontal, so that the scaffold can be used regardless of the inclination of the work surface 19a. As a safer role.

  On the other hand, on both the left and right sides of the upper surface of the main weight 15, there are provided lifting tools (a holed plate is illustrated in FIG. 4) for lifting the weight 15 with a crane or the like when it is attached to or detached from the upper swing body 12.

  Since this lifting tool 23 is provided so as to protrude from the upper surface 15a of the main weight 15, it becomes a hindrance when the auxiliary weight is mounted, and both weights 15, 16 are collectively used using the lifting tool 23 in a double weight state. Can not be lifted.

  Therefore, suspension escape holes (see FIGS. 2 and 3) 24 and 24 are provided on both the left and right sides of the auxiliary weight 16 so as to allow the suspension 23 to face the upper surface of the auxiliary weight. It is configured so that it can be hooked on the lifting tool 23 through the lifting tool relief holes 24, 24 from the weight upper surface side.

  With this configuration, the work of lifting the main and sub weights 15 and 16 together becomes easy.

  It should be noted that shallow recesses 25, 25 are provided at the opening edges on both the front and rear sides of the lifting tool relief holes 24, 24, and bolt holes 26, 26 through which the auxiliary weight mounting bolts 17, 17 are passed are formed in the recesses 25, 25. Is provided.

  In addition, the covers 27 and 27 (see FIGS. 1 and 3) cover the holes 24 and 24 from above so that water does not enter the lifting tool escape holes 24 and 24 including the recesses 25 and 25 in the double weight state. It is attached to the upper surface of the secondary weight in the closed state.

Second and third embodiments (see FIGS. 6 and 7)
As a means for forming a work space provided with a work surface, as in the second embodiment shown in FIG. 6, a notch 28 that penetrates in the vertical direction instead of the recess 19 in the first embodiment is formed in the front portion of the auxiliary weight 16. May be provided. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.

  By doing so, the work surface becomes the same main weight upper surface 15a as the single weight state (precisely, its front part), so that the effect of improving work safety and workability is further enhanced.

  Alternatively, as in the third embodiment shown in FIG. 7, by reducing the thickness (front-rear direction) dimension of the auxiliary weight 16 over the entire width than that of the main weight 15, both weights 15, 16 are provided at the front portion. You may form the working space 29 of the difference in thickness. Also in this case, the main weight upper surface 15a becomes a work surface.

  In both the second and third embodiments, the main weight upper surface 15a serving as the work surface may be an inclined surface with a front-lowering slope as in the first embodiment, and may be provided with a non-slip protrusion, a weir, and a drain port. Good.

  The present invention is not limited to a hydraulic excavator, and can be widely applied to construction machines that include a counterweight and a counterweight to which the counterweight is added as necessary.

1 is an overall perspective view of a hydraulic excavator according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view of a subweight. FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged plan view of FIG. 1. It is the IV-IV sectional view taken on the line of FIG. FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 4. FIG. 3 is a view corresponding to FIG. 2 showing a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a view corresponding to FIG. 4 showing a third embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view of the conventional hydraulic shovel. It is a sectional side view of the counterweight attachment part of the shovel.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Lower traveling body of hydraulic excavator 12 Upper revolving body 13 Engine room 14 Counterweight 15 Main weight 15a Upper surface of main weight (work surface)
16 Sub-weight 17 Sub-weight mounting bolt 18 Bonnet 19 Recess as work space 19a Recess bottom as work surface 20 Non-slip projection 21 Weir 22 Drainage port 23 Lifting tool 24 Suspension tool escape hole 28 Notch as work space 29 Work space

Claims (8)

An engine room is provided at the rear of the machine, and a counterweight is provided at the rear end of the machine behind the engine room. The counterweight is detachably attached to the main weight and, if necessary, the upper surface of the main weight. In a construction machine having a secondary weight, the secondary weight is
(A) In a state of being attached to the upper surface of the main weight, a work space is formed in which an operator can enter the front portion of the auxiliary weight and perform maintenance work on the engine room,
(B) A construction machine characterized in that the height position of the work surface, which is the bottom surface of the work space, is substantially the same height position as the upper surface of the main weight.   The construction machine according to claim 1, wherein a work space in which the bottom surface of the recess serves as a work surface is formed by providing a recess having a front surface and an upper surface opened at a front portion of the auxiliary weight.   2. The construction according to claim 1, wherein a work space in which the upper surface of the main weight serves as a work surface is formed by providing a notch in a vertically penetrating state in which a front surface, an upper surface, and a bottom surface are opened at a front portion of the sub weight. machine.   The construction machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the work surface is formed in a slanted surface that is inclined downward.   The construction machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a number of anti-slip protrusions are provided on the work surface.   The work surface is formed in a slanted surface with a downward slope, and a number of anti-slip protrusions are provided on the work surface in a state where each upper surface is positioned on the same horizontal plane regardless of the inclination of the work surface. The construction machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3.   7. The dam according to claim 1, further comprising: a dam that dams water at a front end portion of the work surface; and a drain outlet that discharges water blocked by the dam forward at a specific portion. The construction machine described.   8. A lifting tool is provided in the main weight, and a lifting tool relief hole penetrating vertically is provided in the auxiliary weight so that the lifting tool faces the upper surface of the auxiliary weight. Construction machinery.

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